UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K/A

(Amendment No. 1)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number 001-12471

THE ARENA GROUP HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(212) 321-5002

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If emerging growth company, indicated by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ or No ☒

As of June 28, 2024, which was the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter for fiscal 2024, the aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates was $9,882,347. This calculation is based upon the closing price of the common stock of $0.77 per share on that date, as reported by the NYSE American.

As of April 23, 2025, the Registrant had 47,560,952 shares of common stock outstanding.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A (this “Amendment”) amends the Annual Report on Form 10-K of The Arena Group Holdings, Inc. (the “Company,” “we”, “us”, or “our”) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on April 15, 2025 (the “Original Form 10-K”).

This Amendment is being filed to include the information required by Item 10 – “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance”, Item 11 – “Executive Compensation”, Item 12 – “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters”, Item 13 – “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence” and Item 14 – “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” of Part III of Form 10-K. The reference on the cover page of the Original Form 10-K to the incorporation by reference of portions of our definitive proxy statement into Part III of the Original Form 10-K is hereby deleted. Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III and Item 15 of Part IV of the Original Form 10-K are amended and restated in their entirety as set forth in this Amendment. In addition, as required by Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, in connection with this Amendment, our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Rule 13a-14(a) certifications are filed herewith.

Except as described above, this Amendment does not modify or update disclosure in, or exhibits to, the Original Form 10-K. Furthermore, this Amendment does not change any previously reported financial results, nor does it reflect events occurring after the filing date of the Original Form 10-K. Accordingly, this Amendment should be read in conjunction with the Original Form 10- K and with our subsequent filings with the SEC. All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Original Form 10-K.

Form 10-K

Table of Contents

Part III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The following table includes the names, ages and titles of our directors and executive officers. Directors are to be elected each year by our stockholders at an annual meeting. Each director holds his or her office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or resignation or removal. Executive officers are appointed by our Board of Directors. Each executive officer holds his or her office until he or she resigns or is removed by our Board of Directors or his or her successor is appointed and qualified.

On April 28, 2025,Messrs. Fowler, Petzel and Zola and Ms. Lee resigned as members of our Board of Directors. Their resignations were not due to any disagreements with the Company on any matter relating to the Company’s operations, policies or practices. On the same day, the Board appointed Ms. Petersmarck.

Former Officers and Directors

The following table includes the names, ages, and titles of our directors and executive officers who served as a director or executive officer during fiscal 2024, but who no longer serve as an executive officer or a director.

Biographical and Related Information – Directors and Executive Officers

The following is an overview of the biographical information for each of our current directors and executive officers, including the year they became directors or officers, to the extent applicable, their principal occupations or employment for at least the past five years, and certain of their other directorships.

Executive Officers

Manoj Bhargava served as the Company’s Interim Chief Executive Officer from December 11, 2023 until January 4, 2024 and as Co-President from February 16, 2024 through April 26, 2024. Mr. Bhargava is the control person of Simplify Inventions LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Simplify”). Mr. Bhargava is the Founder of Innovation Ventures LLC (5-hour ENERGY) and has served as its Chief Executive Officer since its inception. Mr. Bhargava founded 5-hour ENERGY in 2000 and has grown 5-hour ENERGY to annual retail sales over $1 billion. Mr. Bhargava has extensive management, operations and marketing experience, which he has applied to numerous new business start-ups including a water filtration company, an R&D shop and an investment company. Mr. Bhargava is a distinguished philanthropist and the founder of several charities.

Paul Edmondson was appointed as interim Chief Executive Officer on February 12, 2025. On March 3, 2025, the interim status was removed, and Mr. Edmondson was appointed as full Chief Executive Officer. Previously he served as our President of Platform since February 2021, when we split our President role into two separate officer roles. As President of Platform, Mr. Edmondson oversaw our Platform business, which offers the core content management system, programmatic advertising technology and multitenant subscription stack for publishers serving partner publishers and our owned and operated properties and oversaw our Adventure Network and HubPages properties. Prior to this appointment, he had served as our President since October 2019. Prior to that, Mr. Edmondson served as our Chief Operating Officer from August 2018 to December 2019. Mr. Edmondson joined our Company in January 2018 with our acquisition of HubPages, Inc. (“HubPages”), where he had served as Founder and Chief Executive Officer since 2006. Prior to HubPages, he served as the Group Product Manager for Microsoft Corporation’s MSN Entertainment, having joined Microsoft Corporation in 2000 through its acquisition of MongoMusic, Inc. Prior thereto, he developed applications for Hewlett-Packard Company.

Geoffrey Wait has served as the Principal Financial Officer since August 6, 2024. Mr. Wait served as a senior financial advisor to the Company since June 2024 and, from April 2024 through June 2024, served as Controller at Simplify Inventions, LLC, an affiliate of the Company. Prior to that, he served in various capacities at American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. beginning in 2016, including most recently as Plant Finance Manager since March 2019. Mr. Wait began his career at Grant Thornton LLP from 2010 to 2016, most recently serving as a Manager. He has a Bachelor of Arts – Accounting and a Master of Science – Accounting, both from Michigan State University and is a Certified Public Accountant.

Board of Directors

Cavitt Randall has served as one of our directors since December 2023. Mr. Randall also served as our Chief Executive Officer on an interim basis from February 13, 2024 until April 19, 2024. Since August 2022, Mr. Randall has served as the Chief Executive Officer of MBX Clearing LLC, an investment firm registered broker-dealer that self-clears at Option Clearing Corporation (OCC). Prior to joining MBX Clearing LLC, from August 2018 to August 2022, Mr. Randall was the Chief Operating Officer of SI Capital LLC prior to it changing its name to MBX Group LLC. Prior to SI Capital LLC, from June 2000 to August 2018, Mr. Randall held various executive roles at GE Capital including roles as the Senior Vice President. Mr. Randall has over twenty years’ experience in equity, options and debt trading and holds Series 24 (General Securities Principal), Series 57 (Securities Trader) and FINRA SIE licenses. Mr. Randall holds a Bachelor of Arts in Finance from Michigan State University. We believe that Mr. Randall is qualified to serve as a director given his executive leadership experience and over twenty years’ experience in capital markets.

Mr. Randall was appointed to our Board of Directors in December 2023 pursuant to the terms of the Transaction Agreement in connection with the sale of the Company’s debt and equity held by B. Riley Financial, Inc. and its affiliates to Renew Group Private Limited (“Renew”) and Simplify respectively. See Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence for additional information.

H. Hunt Allred has served as one of our directors since October 2021. Currently and since May 2017, Mr. Allred has served as Director of Alternative Investments, leading investments on behalf of various Hunt Family entities, doing business as Petro-Hunt LLC. The Hunt Family entities are primarily focused on investing in technology, healthcare, and other venture opportunities. Currently and since June 2017, he also holds management positions with diversified investment firms RedCap Investments, LP and Mill Iron Operations, and medical diagnostics technology company mLife Diagnostics. Previously, Mr. Allred held roles at hedge funds Citadel LLC, from December 2016 to April 2017, and Vollero Beach Capital Partners, from June 2012 to September 2016, where he focused on public equity investing across the industrial, energy and utility sectors. Mr. Allred also previously served as an industrial public equity analyst at Aptigon Capital, a division of Citadel LLC, from October 2016 to April 2017. He held various roles at Commerce Street Capital, a private equity fund centered on investing in regional financial institutions. He began his career at ORIX USA, holding roles in both the corporate finance group, financing sponsored backed leverage buyouts, and the real estate structured credit group, working out distressed real estate assets. Mr. Allred received his Bachelor of Business Administration from Texas Christian University and M.B.A. from the University of Texas at Austin. Because of his extensive investment experience across multiple asset classes, with expertise including private equity, public equity, venture capital, credit origination, and structured credit resolutions, we believe Mr. Allred is qualified to serve as a director.

Lynn Petersmarck has served as one of our directors since April 2025. Since 2015, she has served as the Senior Vice President of Agency 5 Media, the internal marketing agency for the brand 5-hour Energy and its affiliated companies. With over 30 years of experience in marketing, project management, and advertising in her career, she has managed and placed over $1 billion in advertising, contributing to the success and growth of 5-hour Energy into a billion-dollar retail brand. Ms. Petersmarck has worked with a number of media companies to execute media buys and programs and brings in-depth and knowledge and understanding of the client/customer perspective. Lynn’s career began in the marketing/advertising sales department of the Detroit Tigers, and she has worked with a diverse set of companies, including Atwater Block Brewery, a start-up brewery in Detroit and Apex Fitness, a dietary supplement company, and served as a member of the Strategic Event Marketing division for Campbell & Company marketing agency. We believe that Ms. Petersmarck is qualified to serve as a director given her breadth of experience in advertising and marketing management.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

None of our directors and executive officers has been involved in any legal or regulatory proceedings, as set forth in Item 401 of Regulation S-K, during the past ten years.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our officers, directors, and persons who own more than ten percent of a class of our equity securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act to file with the SEC certain reports concerning beneficial ownership and changes thereto. Officers, directors, and ten-percent stockholders are required by regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based solely on a review of copies of the reports furnished to us and written representations from persons concerning the necessity to file these reports, we believe that all reports required to be filed pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act during fiscal 2024 were filed with the SEC on a timely basis, except for the following:

Code of Ethics

Our Board has adopted a Business Code of Ethics and Conduct (“Code of Ethics”) that applies to our executive officers, directors, and other employees as well as a Code of Ethics for Finance Officers (the “Senior Code of Ethics”) which applies to our financial officers. Copies of the Code of Ethics and the Senior Code of Ethics may be accessed on our website at https://investors.thearenagroup.net/corporate-governance/documents-and-charters. Information on or accessible through our website is not incorporated by reference in this Amendment. We intend to disclose future amendments to our Code of Ethics and the Senior Code of Ethics, or any waivers of such codes, on our website or in public filings.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

We have not adopted any material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to our Board.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee of our Board of Directors was formed on September 14, 2018. The Audit Committee assists our Board of Directors in fulfilling its responsibility to oversee (i) the integrity of our financial statements, our accounting and financial reporting processes and financial statement audits, (ii) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (iii) our systems of internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, (iv) the independent auditor’s engagement, qualifications, performance, compensation, and independence, (v) review and approval of related party transactions, and (vi) the communication among our independent auditors, our financial, and senior management and our Board. The Audit Committee currently consists of Cavitt Randall, H. Hunt Allred and Lynn Petersmarck, with Mr. Allred serving as chair. Our Board has determined that Mr. Allred is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under SEC rules.

Insider Trading Policy

The Company has adopted an insider trading policy and procedures governing the purchase, sale and other dispositions of its securities by directors, officers and employees of the Company itself. The Company also follows procedures for the repurchase of its securities. We believe this policy and related procedures are reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations and applicable listing standards. Our insider trading policy was filed as Exhibit 19 to the original Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 15, 2025.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Named Executive Officers

For fiscal year 2024, our “named executive officers” were as follows:

Mr. Bhargava briefly served as interim CEO from December 11, 2023 to January 4, 2024. Mr. Randall briefly served as CEO on an interim basis thereafter from February 13, 2024 until the appointment of Ms. Silverstein as CEO on April 19, 2024. Subsequent to fiscal year 2024, in February 2025, Ms. Silverstein’s employment with the Company was terminated and Mr. Edmondson, our then-President, Platform, was appointed as interim CEO. He was appointed as full CEO in March 2025.

Compensation Philosophy and Objectives

Our compensation policy is designed to attract and retain qualified key executive officers critical to our achievement of our growth and long-term success. To attract, retain, and motivate the executive officers to accomplish our business strategy, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors establishes our executive compensation policies and oversees our executive compensation practices. We provide what we believe is a competitive total compensation package to our management team through a combination of base salary, bonuses and equity awards.

Elements of our Executive Compensation and Benefits Programs

Base Salary

The Compensation Committee considers what salaries must be paid in order to attract and retain high-quality executive officers. We annually review our executive officers’ base salaries and make adjustments only when necessary based on individual and Company performance. We provide a minimum, fixed level of cash compensation to reflect the level of accountability of talented executive officers who can continue to improve our overall performance. In addition, salary is based on experience, industry knowledge, duties and scope of responsibility, as well as the competitive market for talent.

Annual Bonus Opportunity

Our named executive officers are eligible for annual cash-based bonus payments that are based on the achievement of certain individual and Company performance metrics. We use the annual performance bonus opportunity to motivate our named executive officers to achieve our business goals. The annual performance bonus opportunity provides payments if our named executive officers produce short-term results that meet or exceed certain pre-established annual financial targets or individual performance goals in effect as determined from time to time by us and approved by the Compensation Committee.

Incentive Compensation

Equity awards under the 2022 Stock and Equity Compensation Plan (the “2022 Plan”) are a vital piece of our total compensation package. Equity awards are intended to compensate named executive officers for sustained long-term performance, align the interests of our named executive officers and stockholders, and encourage retention through multi-year vesting schedules. Equity incentive awards may take a variety of forms. Levels, mix, and frequency of awards are determined by the Compensation Committee, and are designed to reflect each recipient’s level of responsibility and performance.

Retirement Benefits

We offer a qualified 401(k) defined contribution plan. All of our employees are eligible to participate in this plan, including our named executive officers, subject to limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. We currently match 100% of contributions made by participants in the 401(k) up to 4% of eligible annual compensation.

Other Compensation

In 2023 and 2024, we provided our employees, including each of our named executive officers, with health insurance coverage.

Hedging Policy and Pledging of Securities

Pursuant to our Insider Trading Policy, our employees, officers, and directors cannot engage in hedging transactions related to our securities. Except as otherwise permitted by the Board, employees, officers, and directors are also prohibited from holding our securities in a margin account or otherwise pledging our securities as collateral for a loan.

Equity Grant Policies

We do not currently grant new awards of stock options, stock appreciation rights or similar option-like instruments. Accordingly, we have no specific policy or practice on the timing of awards of such options in relation to our disclosure of material nonpublic information. In the event we determine to grant new awards of such options, the board of directors will evaluate the appropriate steps to take in relation to the foregoing.

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information concerning compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to each of our named executive officers for all services rendered in all capacities during 2024 and 2023:

Named Executive Officer Employment Agreements; Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change-of-Control

Mr. Bhargava does not have an employment agreement with us and received no compensation for his services in 2024. Mr. Randall does not have an employment agreement with us and received no additional compensation for his services in 2024 beyond his compensation (as described below) in connection with his service as a member of the Board of Directors.

Mr. Edmondson is party to an employment agreement, dated January 1, 2021, and was paid a base salary of $486,203 as of the end of fiscal 2024. He is also eligible to earn an annual bonus under our Bonus Plan based on the achievement of performance goals set by the Compensation Committee, with a target bonus amount equal to 75% of base salary and is eligible to participate in Company incentive plans and employment benefits available to the Company’s other employees, as described in our definitive proxy statement filed on December 12, 2024. Upon a termination without cause, Mr. Edmondson would be entitled to severance equal to one year of base salary, up to 18 months of COBRA premium reimbursements and full vesting of all outstanding equity awards, in all cases subject to entry into a standard release agreement. Mr. Edmondson’s employment agreement also contains certain non-compete and non-solicitation provisions.

Ms. Silverstein entered into an executive employment agreement with the Company upon her appointment as CEO on April 19, 2024. The employment agreement was terminable at will by either the Company or Ms. Silverstein. The employment agreement provided that Ms. Silverstein would be paid an annual base salary of $400,000 in 2024, subject to annual review by the Board. Ms. Silverstein was also eligible to earn an annual bonus based on the discretion of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”). She was eligible to participate in Company incentive plans and also entitled to the same employment benefits available to the Company’s other employees, as well as to the reimbursement of business expenses during her term of employment. The employment agreement provided for various termination events, including termination without cause or for good reason (both as defined in the employment agreement), pursuant to which Ms. Silverstein would be entitled to certain COBRA reimbursement and incentive equity vesting acceleration. Ms. Silverstein was also subject to restrictive covenants with respect to the solicitation of employees, solicitation of customers, use of trade secrets, and competition with us for a period of up to one year after termination of the employment agreement.

Mr. Wait entered into an executive employment agreement with the Company upon his appointment as Principal Financial Officer (“PFO”) on August 6, 2024. The employment agreement is terminable at will by either the Company or Mr. Wait. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Wait will be paid an annual base salary, subject to annual review by the Company’s board of directors (currently $225,000). Mr. Wait is also eligible to earn an annual bonus based on the discretion of the Board. He is eligible to participate in the Company’s incentive plans and is entitled to the same employment benefits available to the Company’s employees, as well as to the reimbursement of business expenses during his term of employment. The employment agreement provides for various termination events, including termination without cause or for good reason (both as defined in the agreement), pursuant to which Mr. Wait would be entitled to certain COBRA reimbursement. Mr. Wait is also subject to restrictive covenants with respect to the solicitation of employees, solicitation of customers, use of trade secrets, and competition with the Company for a period of up to one year after termination of the employment agreement.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following tables provide information concerning options to purchase shares of our Common Stock and stock awards held by the named executive officers on December 31, 2024. There were no outstanding awards for Messrs. Bhargava, Cavitt or Wait or Ms. Kulik.

Director Compensation

The following table provides information for the year ended December 31, 2024 regarding all compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to each person who served as a director for some portion or all of 2024. Mr. Levinsohn is not included in the table below, as he received no additional compensation for his service as a director for his service between January 1 and January 19, 2024.

Director Compensation Policies

Our Director Compensation Policy for our non-employee directors for fiscal 2024 provided that the non-employee directors would be granted annually a restricted stock award of a number of shares of our common stock equal in value to $29,750, vesting monthly in 12 equal installments, and annual cash compensation to each non-employee director of $55,250, payable in four equal quarterly installments at each quarter end. The Director Compensation Policy also provided that any non-employee director who serves as the chairperson of one or more committees of our Board would granted annually an additional restricted stock award of a number of shares of our common stock equal in value to $17,500, vesting monthly, and additional annual cash compensation of $32,500, payable in four equal quarterly installments at each quarter end.

On January 13, 2025, the Board of Directors, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, approved changes to the Company’s non-employee director compensation to eliminate the cash retainer and annual restricted stock grants. From such time, the Company’s non-employee directors will only be eligible for the reimbursement of expenses incurred.

Risks from Compensation Policies and Practices

The Compensation Committee reviews our compensation policies and practices to determine areas of potential risks and the actions we have taken, or should take, to mitigate any such identified risks. Based on the Compensation Committee’s review of our compensation policies and practices, we do not believe that any risks relating to our compensation policies and practices for our employees are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our business.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

A summary of our securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

Plans Adopted Without Approval of Security Holders

Publisher Partner Warrant Program

On May 20, 2020, our Board approved the third Publisher Partner Warrant Program, which superseded the second Publisher Partner Warrant Program and authorized us to grant Publisher Partner Warrants to purchase up to 90,910 shares of our common stock. Such Publisher Partner Warrants granted under the third Publisher Partner Warrant Program were to be issued with the same terms as under the second Publisher Partner Warrant Program that was terminated on March 10, 2019, except that any Publisher Partner Warrants issued under the third Publisher Partner Warrant Program are no longer subject to performance conditions. Warrants issued under the second Publisher Partner Warrant Program were to be issued with the same terms as under the first Publisher Partner Program, except that the shares of our common stock underlying the Publisher Partner Warrants under the second Publisher Partner Warrant Program were to be earned and vest over three-years. Warrants issued prior to the third and second Publisher Partner Warrant Programs, or under the first Publisher Partner Warrant Program that was approved by our Board on December 19, 2016, were exercisable over a three-year vesting period once earned based on certain performance conditions within six-months issuance, on a cashless basis with a five-year term. The issuance of the Publisher Partner Warrants is administered by management and approved by our Board. We have not granted any Publisher Partner Warrants under any such program since fiscal 2018.

On November 2, 2022, our Board approved a plan (the “Warrant Incentive Program”) to grant warrants to certain publishers (the “New Publisher Partner Warrants”), that authorized us to grant New Publisher Partner Warrants to purchase up to 33,000 shares of our common stock. The New Publisher Partner Warrants granted under the Warrant Incentive Program will have the following terms: (i) one-third will become exercisable and vest on the one-year anniversary of the issuance; (ii) the remaining warrants will become exercisable and vest in a series of twenty-four (24) successive equal monthly installments following the first anniversary of the issuance; and (iii) the New Publisher Partner Warrants will have a five-year term. The issuance of the New Publisher Partner Warrants is administered by management and approved by the Board. As of December 31, 2024 there were outstanding New Publisher Partner Warrants to purchase a total of 9,800 shares.

Outside Options

During fiscal 2018, our Board approved the granting of options outside of the 2016 Plan (the “Outside Options”) to certain officers, directors, and employees to provide equity incentive in exchange for consideration in the form of services to us. The Outside Options are exercisable for shares of our common stock. The Outside Options either vest upon the passage of time or are tied to the achievement of certain performance targets. On January 8, 2021, our Board approved an amendment to the Outside Option award grants, which eliminated the performance targets, therefore, the awards continue to vest solely on the time vesting conditions. Our Board approved a repricing of our Outside Options for a certain employee on March 18, 2022 and our stockholders approved the repricing on June 2, 2022. We are no longer issuing Outside Options. As of December 31, 2024, there were outstanding Outside Options to acquire 72,912 shares of our common stock.

Warrants

On June 14, 2019, we issued 999,540 warrants to acquire our common stock to Authentic Brands Group (the “ABG Warrants”) in connection with a licensing agreement pursuant to which we were granted the exclusive right and license in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand to operate the Sports Illustrated print and digital media business under the Sports Illustrated brand (the “Licensing Agreement”). The warrants provided time-based vesting in equal monthly increments over a period of two years beginning on the one year anniversary of the date of issuance of the warrants (the “Time-Based Warrants”) and performance based vesting based on the achievement of certain performance goals for the licensed brands in calendar years 2020, 2021, 2022, or 2023 (the “Performance-Based Warrants”). The warrants also provide that under certain circumstances we may require ABG to exercise all (and not less than all) of the warrants, in which case all of the warrants will be vested; all of the warrants automatically vest upon certain terminations of the Licensing Agreement by ABG or upon a change of control of the Company; and ABG has the right to participate, on a pro-rata basis (including vested and unvested warrants, exercised or unexercised), in any future equity issuance by us (subject to customary exceptions). As of December 31, 2024, 399,816 Time-Based Warrants are vested and 599,724 Performance-Based Warrants are not vested. On January 18, 2024, ABG terminated the Licensing Agreement and as a result all outstanding and unvested ABG Warrants became immediately vested and exercisable. The ABG Warrants expire ten years from their issue date.

On October 26, 2020, we issued 5,682 warrants to AllHipHop, LLC (the “AllHipHop Warrants”) to acquire our common stock in exchange for the surrender and termination of 6,819 previously issued Publisher Partner Warrants, with an exercise price of $14.30.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of April 23, 2025: (i) by each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock; (ii) by our current directors and our named executive officers (as identified in Item 11); and (iii) by all of our current directors and executive officers as a group.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Related Party Transactions

When we are contemplating entering into any transaction in which any executive officer, director, director nominee, or any family member of the foregoing would have any direct or indirect interest, regardless of the amount involved, the terms of such transaction have to be presented to the Audit Committee (other than any interested director) for approval or disapproval. Our Audit Committee has not adopted a written policy for reviewing related party transactions but when presented with such transaction, the transaction is discussed by our Audit Committee and documented in its meeting minutes.

The Code of Ethics also requires our employees, officers, and directors to provide prompt and full disclosure of all potential conflicts of interest to the appropriate person. These conflicts of interest may be specific to the individual or may extend to his or her family members. Any officer who has a conflict of interest with respect to any matter is required to disclose the matter to our Compliance Director, or in the case of the PFO, to the Audit Committee. All other employees are required to make prompt and full disclosure of any conflict of interest to the Head of Internal Audit (who is our PFO, unless our Board designates some other person). Directors are required to disclose any conflict of interest to the Chairman of our Board and to refrain from voting on any matter(s) in which they have a conflict. Employees and officers are not permitted to participate in any matter in which he or she has a conflict of interest unless authorized by an appropriate Company official and under circumstances that are designed to protect the interests of the Company and its stockholders and to avoid any appearance of impropriety. In addition, directors and executive officers are required to disclose, in an annual questionnaire, any current or proposed conflict of interests (including related party transactions).

Except as disclosed below, since January 1, 2023, there were no current or proposed transaction or series of similar transactions in which (i) the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000 and (ii) any of our directors, nominees for director, executive officers, or beneficial holders of more than 5% of any class of our outstanding capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals or entities, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

Financings

We have an outstanding obligation with Renew Group Private Limited, an affiliated entity of Simplify Inventions, LLC, our largest stockholder, where Renew purchased the all the outstanding debt held by BRF Finance Co., LLC (“BRF”) an affiliated entity of B. Riley Financial, Inc. (“B. Riley”), who now holds the debt in its capacity as agent for the purchasers and as purchaser, pursuant to the third amended and restated note purchase agreement entered into on December 15, 2022 (the “Note Purchase Agreement”), as amended by the first amendment to the Note Purchase Agreement on August 14, 2023 (the “First Amendment”) with an effective date of August 31, 2023, as further amended by the second amendment to the Note Purchase Agreement on December 1, 2023 (the “Second Amendment”). The Note Purchase Agreement contains provisions related to the 2023 Notes, Senior Secured Notes, Delayed Draw Term Notes and 2022 Bridge Notes, all as further described in Notes 18 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and collectively referred to as the “Notes”. Under the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, First Amendment and Second Amendment, in the event there is a mandatory prepayment requirement, the principal payment of the Notes will be applied to: (1) the 2023 Notes until paid in full; (2) then to the 2022 Bridge Notes until paid in full; (3) then to the Delayed Draw Terms Notes until paid in full; and (4) then to the Senior Secured Notes. All borrowings under the Notes are collateralized by substantially all of our assets secured by liens and guaranteed by our subsidiaries. The Notes provide for a default interest rate equal to the rate of interest in effect at the time of default plus 4.0%, along with other provision for acceleration of the Notes under certain conditions. The Notes provide for certain affirmative covenants, including certain financial reporting obligations.

On January 5, 2024, as part of negotiations with Renew in connection with the Company’s failure on December 29, 2023 to make the interest payment due on the Loan Documents, dated December 15, 2022 held by Renew in the amount of $2,797, that resulted in an event of default under the Loan Documents, Renew agreed in writing to a forbearance period through March 29, 2024 (subsequently extended to September 30, 2024), that was originally subject to the Company retaining a chief restructuring officer acceptable to Renew, while reserving its rights and remedies. In connection with the forbearance, the Company had an engagement with FTI Consulting Inc., a global business advisory firm from January 5, 2024 through April 26, 2024, to assist the Company with its turnaround plans and forge an expedited path to sustainable positive cash flow and earnings to create shareholder value. In connection with the FTI Engagement, Jason Frankl, a senior managing director of FTI, was appointed as the Company’s Chief Business Transformation Officer. Upon completion of their work under the FTI Engagement satisfactory to Renew and the Company, the FTI Engagement was terminated as of April 26, 2024 and Mr. Frankl resigned as Co-President and Chief Business Transformation Officer.

On July 12, 2024, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3, pursuant to which interest that was, or will be, due on December 31, 2023, March 31, 2024, June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2024 was due on or before December 31, 2024, as well as the interest otherwise due on December 31, 2024 (all of which was paid before December 31, 2024). The deferral was contingent on, among other things, no events of default occurring under the Loan Documents during the deferral period. On November 6, 2024, the Company received a letter from Renew confirming the Company is not currently in default under the Loan Documents due to the cure of the default identified in the forbearance letter. As of December 31, 2024, the outstanding principal on the Loan Documents was $110,691.

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had certain transactions with Renew, where it paid interest totaling $14,048 under the Loan Documents, (of which $2,797 was accrued as of December 31, 2023 and $11,251 represents the current interest expense).

On November 30, 2023, Simplify entered into a stock purchase and assignment agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which it purchased an aggregate of 10,512,236 shares of our common stock for aggregate consideration of $30,485 on December 1, 2023 from B. Riley and other affiliated entities of B. Riley and certain other sellers (collectively the “Sellers”), resulting in Simplify becoming a principal stockholder and the Sellers no longer owning any of our common stock.

On November 30, 2023, Renew, and BRF, an affiliate of the Sellers, entered into a securities purchase and assignment agreement (the “Debt Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which BRF sold and assigned to Renew all of BRF’s rights, duties, liabilities and obligations pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement, as amended, and the Notes purchased thereunder and the collateral securing such Notes on December 1, 2023, resulting in BRF no longer holding any of our debt securities. The aggregate principal balance under the Notes was $110,691 at the time of purchase by Renew.

For the years ended December 31, 2023, we paid in cash interest of $9,068 on the Notes due to BRF.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred interest of $2,797 for the period from October 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 on the Notes held by Renew, where we defaulted on the payment of $2,797 interest due on December 29, 2023.

On March 31, 2023, in connection with the registered direct offering, we entered into common stock purchase agreements for 1,009,021 shares of our common stock for a total of $3,915 in gross proceeds with B. Riley at a price per share of $3.88 per share.

On August 10, 2023, the Series H Preferred Stock automatically converted into shares of our common stock at the conversion price of $7.26 per share, of which 134,550 shares were issued to B. Riley.

On August 31, 2023, September 29, 2023 and November 27, 2023, in connection with the 2023 Notes, BRF issued $5,000, $1,000 and $2,000, respectively, in aggregate principal amount under the 2023 Notes, where we incurred fees of $357.

Simplify Loan – On August 19, 2024, the Company entered into an amended and restated promissory note (the “Amended Promissory Note”), in connection with the amendment to the March 13, 2024 working capital loan agreement with Simplify, a related party (the “Simplify Loan”), pursuant to which the Company has available up to $50,000 (originally $25,000) at ten percent (10.0%) interest rate per annum (the “Applicable Interest Rate”), payable monthly in arrears with a maturity on December 1, 2026 (originally March 13, 2026). The Simplify Loan is secured by certain assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, which are also guarantors of the obligations.

In connection with the Amended Promissory Note, on August 19, 2024, the Company and Simplify also entered into a common stock purchase agreement (the “Common Stock Purchase Agreement”), whereby $15,000 of outstanding indebtedness under the Simplify Loan was exchanged for 17,797,817 shares of the Company’s common stock. In the event of a default, including but not limited to the failure to pay any amounts when due, the interest will accrue at the Applicable Interest Rate plus five percent (5.0%) and the Simplify Loan will be payable upon demand by Simplify. As of December 31, 2024, the balance outstanding on the Simplify Loan was $10,651.

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had certain transactions with Simplify, where it incurred interest expense totaling $585, under the Simplify Loan.

Simplify Revenue

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized digital advertising revenue from transactions with Living Essentials, LLC (“Living Essentials”), an affiliated entity of Simplify, totaling $5,120. The outstanding accounts receivable due from Living Essentials was $3,465 as of December 31, 2024.

Common Stock Private Placement

On February 14, 2024, the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”) with Simplify, pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell and issue to Simplify in a private placement (the “Private Placement”) an aggregate of 5,555,555 shares (the “Private Placement Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, at a purchase price of $2.16 per share, a price equal to the 60-day volume weighted average price of the Company’s common stock. The Private Placement closed on February 14, 2024 and the Company received proceeds from the Private Placement of $12,000. The proceeds were used for working capital and general corporate purposes. As a result of the issuance of the Private Placement Shares to Simplify, Simplify owns approximately 54.3% (subsequently increased to 71.4% in connection with the Common Stock Purchase Agreement) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, resulting in a change in control. As a result, Simplify has the ability to determine the outcome of any issue submitted to the Company’s stockholders for approval, including the election of directors. Prior to the consummation of the Private Placement, the Company’s public stockholders held a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock.

Business Combination

Effective August 19, 2024, the Business Combination Agreement, dated November 5, 2023, as amended, among the Company, Simplify, Bridge Media Networks, LLC, New Arena Holdco, Inc., Energy Merger Sub I, LLC and Energy Merger Sub II, LLC was terminated by mutual agreement. The Company incurred no penalties as a result of the early termination of the Business Combination Agreement.

Registered Direct Offering

On March 31, 2023, in connection with a registered direct offering, we entered into common stock purchase agreements for 317,518 shares of our common stock for a total of $1,232 in gross proceeds with certain directors and affiliates, at a price of $3.88 per share, as follows: (i) 64,000 shares for $248 to H. Hunt Allred, a director, through certain trusts (32,000 shares are directly beneficially owned by the Allred 2002 Trust - HHA and 32,000 shares are directly beneficially owned by the by Allred 2002 Trust - NLA); (ii) 195,529 shares for $759 to 180 Degree Capital Corp.; (iii) 25,773 shares for $100 to Daniel Shribman, a former director; (iv) 25,773 shares for $100 to Ross Levinsohn, a former director and executive officer; and (v) 6,443 shares for $25 to Paul Edmonson, an executive officer.

Director Independence

As our common stock is currently listed for trading on the NYSE American, we have evaluated independence in accordance with the rules of the NYSE American Company Guide and the SEC with respect to each director. Our Board undertook a review of the independence of the members of our Board and considered whether any director has a material relationship with us that could compromise his or her ability to exercise independent judgment in carrying out his or her responsibilities. Based upon the information requested from and provided by each director concerning their background, employment, and affiliations, including family relationships, our Board has determined that each of the following non-employee directors are independent as that term is defined under the rules of the NYSE American Company Guide.

H. Hunt Allred

Cavitt Randall

Lynn Petersmarck

In making these determinations, our Board considered the current and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with us and all other facts and circumstances our Board deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of capital stock by each non-employee director, and the transactions involving their affiliates described above under “Related Party Transactions.” For Mr. Randall in particular, the Board considered his brief tenure as Chief Executive Officer on an interim basis for two months of 2024. Given that Mr. Randall was already serving as Chairman of the Board, the intent was for Mr. Randall to serve as an executive on an interim basis while a more permanent chief executive could be found.

All of the members of the Audit, Nomination, and Compensation Committees are independent.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Audit Fees

The following table sets forth the aggregate fees billed and incurred to both us or our subsidiaries by our independent registered public accounting firm for the years ended December 31, 2024 for professional services by KPMG LLP (“KPMG”). KPMG was engaged in July 2024 and did not provide any services to the company during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

Our Audit Committee has considered the nature and amount of fees billed by our independent registered public accounting firm and believes that the provision of services for activities to the audit is in compliance with maintaining the independence of our independent registered public accounting firm.

All audit fees are approved by the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee reviews, and in its sole discretion pre-approves, our independent auditor’s annual engagement letter including proposed fees and all audit and non-audit services provided by the independent auditor. Accordingly, all services described under “Audit Fees,” “Audit-related Fees,” “All Other Fees,” and “Tax Fees,” as applicable, were pre-approved by our Audit Committee. The Audit Committee may not engage the independent auditor to perform the non-audit services proscribed by law or regulations.

Part IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

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ATTACHMENTS / EXHIBITS

EX-31.3

EX-31.4