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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2025

Securities Act File No. 333-81209

Investment Company Act File No. 811-09397

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

  FORM N-1A  
     
  REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
     
 

Pre-Effective Amendment No.      

  Post-Effective Amendment No. 44
     
  and/or  
     
  REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
  Amendment No. 45

 

THE GABELLI UTILITIES FUND

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: 1-800-422-3554

 

John C. Ball

Gabelli Funds, LLC

One Corporate Center

Rye, New York 10580-1422

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

 

Copies to:

 

  Peter Goldstein, Esq.   Michael K. Hoffman, Esq.
  The Gabelli Utilities Fund   Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
  One Corporate Center   One Manhattan West
  Rye, New York 10580-1422   New York, New York 10001

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective:

 

immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b); or
on [________], pursuant to paragraph (b); or
60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1); or
on [________] pursuant to paragraph (a)(1); or
75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2); or
on [________] pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.

 

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Gabelli Utilities Fund

One Corporate Center

Rye, New York 10580-1422

800-GABELLI

(800-422-3554)

fax: 914-921-5118

website: www.gabelli.com

email: info@gabelli.com

 

 

Questions?

Call 800-GABELLI

or your investment representative.

 

 

Table of Contents

 

Summary of the Fund   2
Investment Objective, Investment Strategies, and Related Risks   9
Management of the Fund   18
Index Descriptions   19
Classes of Shares   20
Purchase of Shares   26
Redemption of Shares   30
Exchange of Shares   35
Pricing of Fund Shares   36
Dividends and Distributions   38
Tax Information   39
Mailings and E-Delivery to Shareholders   40
Financial Highlights   40
Appendix A   42

The Gabelli Utilities Fund

 

Class    Ticker Symbol
AAA   GABUX
A   GAUAX
C   GUXPX
I   GAUIX

 

PROSPECTUS

 

April 30, 2025

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved the shares described in this Prospectus or determined whether this Prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

 

SUMMARY OF THE FUND

 

Investment Objective

 

The Fund seeks to provide a high level of total return through a combination of capital appreciation and current income.

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund:

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold or sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table and example below. You may qualify for sales charge discounts on Class A shares if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Class A shares of the Gabelli family of mutual funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in the section entitled “Classes of Shares” on page 20 of the prospectus and in Appendix A, “Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available through Certain Intermediaries,” attached to the Fund’s prospectus and “Distribution Plans” on page 32 of the Fund’s statement of additional information.

 

    Class AAA
Shares
    Class A
Shares
    Class C
Shares
    Class I
Shares
 
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment):
                                       
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) on Purchases
(as a percentage of offering price)
      None           5.75 %         None           None    
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load)
(as a percentage of redemption or offering price, whichever is lower)
      None           None           1.00 %         None    
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends
(as percentage of amount invested)
      None           None           None           None    
Redemption Fee
(as a percentage of amount redeemed for shares held 7 days or less)
      2.00 %         2.00 %         2.00 %         2.00 %  
Exchange Fee       None           None           None           None    
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
                                               
Management Fees       1.00 %         1.00 %         1.00 %         1.00 %  
Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees       0.25 %         0.25 %         1.00 %         None    
Other Expenses       0.07 %         0.07 %         0.07 %         0.07 %  
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses       1.32 %         1.32 %         2.07 %         1.07 %  

 

2

 

 

Expense Example

 

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

 

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated, and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

    1 Year     3 Years     5 Years     10 Years  
Class AAA Shares     $ 134       $ 418       $ 723       $ 1,589  
Class A Shares     $ 702       $ 969       $ 1,256       $ 2,072  
Class C Shares     $ 310       $ 649       $ 1,114       $ 2,401  
Class I Shares     $ 109       $ 340       $ 589       $ 1,304  

 

You would pay the following expenses if you did not redeem your shares of the Fund:

 

    1 Year     3 Years     5 Years     10 Years  
Class AAA Shares     $ 134       $ 418       $ 723       $ 1,589  
Class A Shares     $ 702       $ 969       $ 1,256       $ 2,072  
Class C Shares     $ 210       $ 649       $ 1,114       $ 2,401  
Class I Shares     $ 109       $ 340       $ 589       $ 1,304  

 

Portfolio Turnover

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in lower total returns when the Fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 1% of the average value of its portfolio.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in securities of domestic or foreign companies that are involved to a substantial extent in providing products, services or equipment for the generation or distribution of electricity, gas, and water and the provision of infrastructure operations or telecommunications services, such as telephone, telegraph, satellite, cable, microwave, radiotelephone, mobile communication and cellular, paging, electronic mail, videotext, voice communications, data communications, and internet and that derive at least 50% of their revenue or earnings from, or devote at least 50% of their assets to, utilities (each, a “Utility Company” and collectively, “Utility Companies”) that the Fund’s investment adviser, Gabelli Funds, LLC (the “Adviser”), believes have the potential to provide either capital appreciation or current income. The Adviser emphasizes quality in selecting utility investments, and looks for companies that have proven dividend records and sound financial structures. Generally, Utility Companies generate relatively predictable streams of revenue and income, and in the view of the Adviser, are likely to pay dividends. For additional information about selection of investments suitable for the Fund, see page 9 of the prospectus.

 

3

 

 

In selecting investments, the Adviser will consider factors such as: (i) the market price of the issuer’s common stock, earnings expectations, earnings and price histories, balance sheet characteristics, perceived management skills, and the conditions affecting the industry in which the issuer practices; (ii) the level of interest rates, local and national government regulations, the price and availability of materials used in the particular utility, environmental protection or energy conservation regulations, the level of demand for services, and the risks associated with constructing and operating certain kinds of facilities such as nuclear power facilities; (iii) the potential for capital appreciation of the stock; (iv) the dividend income generated by the stock; (v) the prices of the stock relative to other comparable stocks; and (vi) the diversification of the portfolio of the Fund as to issuers. The Adviser will also consider changes in economic and political outlooks as well as individual corporate developments. The Adviser will sell any Fund investments that lose their perceived value relative to other investments in the judgment of the portfolio management team.

 

The Fund’s assets will be invested primarily in a broad range of readily marketable dividend paying common stocks in the utilities industry. Although many of these common stocks will pay above average dividends, the Fund will buy stock of those companies whose securities have the potential for their prices to increase, providing either capital appreciation or current income for the Fund. The Fund may also invest in master limited partnerships (“MLPs”).

 

The Fund may invest up to 40% of its total assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers, including in emerging markets.

 

Principal Risks

 

You may want to invest in the Fund if:

 

you are a long term investor

 

you seek growth of capital as well as current income

 

you wish to include an income strategy as a portion of your overall investments

 

you believe that the utilities industry can generate growth of capital

 

The Fund’s share price will fluctuate with changes in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. Stocks are subject to market, economic, and business risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate. Holders of common stocks only have rights to the value in the company after all debts have been paid, and they could lose their entire investment in a company that encounters financial difficulty. The Fund is also subject to the following risks: that its portfolio companies will reduce or eliminate the dividend rate on the securities held by the Fund, that no event occurs to surface the value expected by the Adviser, or that regulatory actions adversely affect the Fund’s portfolio securities. As a consequence of its policy of concentrating in the utility industry, the Fund’s investments may be subject to greater risk and market fluctuation than a fund that has securities representing a broader range of alternatives. Foreign securities are subject to currency, information, and political risks.

 

An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. When you sell Fund shares, they may be worth less than what you paid for them; you may lose money by investing in the Fund.

 

4

 

 

The principal risks presented by the Fund are:

 

Equity Risk. Equity risk is the risk that the prices of the securities held by the Fund will change due to general market and economic conditions, perceptions regarding the industries in which the companies issuing the securities participate, and the issuer companies’ particular circumstances.

 

Industry Risk. The Fund’s investments in Utility Companies may be more susceptible to various factors, including environmental and other regulatory matters, increases in operating expenses, high interest costs, higher inflation, industry overcapacity, cybersecurity events, damage to infrastructure, property and/or equipment, technological innovation, or reduced demand for services or price volatility.

 

Inflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the real value of the Fund’s shares and distributions therefore may decline. Inflation may result in losses to Fund shareholders.

 

Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in foreign securities involve risks relating to political, social, and economic developments abroad, as well as risks resulting from the differences between the regulations to which U.S. and foreign issuers and markets are subject. These risks include expropriation, differing accounting and disclosure standards, currency exchange risks, settlement difficulties, market illiquidity, difficulties enforcing legal rights, and greater transaction costs.

 

Emerging Markets Risk. The above listed foreign securities risks are more pronounced in the securities of companies located in emerging markets.

 

Interest Rate Risk. Investments in dividend paying securities and other securities with an income component, including preferred stock and securities convertible into or exchangeable for common or preferred stock, involve interest rate risk. When interest rates decline, the value of such securities generally rises. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of such securities generally declines. It is also possible that the issuer of a security will not be able to make dividend, interest and principal payments when due. There is a risk that heightened interest rates may cause the economy to enter a recession. Any such recession would negatively impact the Fund and the investments held by the Fund.

 

Issuer Risk. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to an issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services, as well as the historical and prospective earnings of the issuer and the value of its assets or factors unrelated to the issuer’s value, such as investor perception.

 

Management Risk. If the portfolio managers are incorrect in their assessment of the growth prospects of the securities the Fund holds, then the value of the Fund’s shares may decline.

 

Master Limited Partnerships Risk. Investments in MLPs subjects the Fund to risks associated with the specific industry or industries in which the MLPs invest. MLPs are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments may not provide attractive returns.

 

Regulatory Risk. The Fund’s investments in Utility Companies may lose value because of changes in the amounts and types of governmental and environmental regulation.

 

5

 

 

Market Risk. General economic and market conditions, such as interest rates, availability of credit, inflation rates, economic uncertainty, supply chain disruptions, labor shortages, energy and other resource shortages, changes in laws, trade barriers, currency exchange controls and national and international political circumstances (including governmental responses to public health crises or the spread of infectious diseases), may have long-term negative effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets and economy, and thus the Fund.

 

“Return of Capital” Risk. The Fund’s distributions may represent a non-taxable return of capital. A return of capital distribution is a distribution in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits. A return of capital distribution is tax-free to the extent of a shareholder’s basis in its Fund shares and reduces the shareholder’s basis to that extent. A distribution consisting of return of capital should not be considered as the dividend yield or total return of an investment. Shareholders who receive the payment of a distribution consisting of a return of capital may be under the impression that they are receiving net profits when they are not.

 

Performance

 

The bar chart and table that follow provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year, and by showing how the Fund’s average annual returns for one year, five years, and ten years compared with those of a broad based securities market index and with the returns of an index of funds with similar investment objectives. As with all mutual funds, the Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) does not predict how the Fund will perform in the future. Updated information on the Fund’s results can be obtained by visiting www.gabelli.com.

 

THE GABELLI UTILITIES FUND 
(Total Returns for Class AAA Shares for the Years Ended December 31)

 

 

Years Returns
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024

During the calendar years shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a quarter was 13.84% (quarter ended September 30, 2024), and the lowest return for a quarter was (16.79)% (quarter ended March 31, 2021).

 

6

 

 

Average Annual Total Returns
(for the years ended December 31, 2024,
with maximum sales charge, if applicable)
  Past
One Year
    Past
Five Years
    Past
Ten Years
 
The Gabelli Utilities Fund Class AAA Shares                                    
Return Before Taxes       13.00 %         2.54 %         4.41 %  
Return After Taxes on Distributions       10.82 %         1.52 %         3.44 %  
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares       9.24 %         1.91 %         3.36 %  
Class A Shares                                    
Return Before Taxes       6.66 %         1.35 %         3.79 %  
Class C Shares (first issued on September 1, 2022)                                    
Return Before Taxes       11.21 %         1.78 %         3.62 %  
Class I Shares                                    
Return Before Taxes       13.25 %         2.79 %         4.66 %  
Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 500 Utilities Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)       23.43 %         6.61 %         8.43 %  
Lipper Utility Fund Average       23.24 %         6.73 %         7.24 %  

 

Returns shown for Class C shares prior to their first issuance date on September 1, 2022 are those of the Fund’s Class C1 shares. After the close of business on March 25, 2024 or, with respect to shares held in “street name” through intermediaries having a pre-existing contractual agreement requiring additional time, as soon as practicable thereafter, the Fund converted all Class C1 shares into Class C shares and eliminated the Class C1 shares of the Fund.

 

After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. In some instances, the “Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares” may be greater than the “Return After Taxes on Distributions” because the investor is assumed to have sufficient capital gains of the same character from other investments to offset any capital losses from the redemption so that the taxpayer may deduct the capital losses in full. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts, including Roth IRAs and SEP IRAs (collectively, “IRAs”). After-tax returns are shown only for Class AAA shares and after-tax returns for other classes will vary due to the differences in expenses.

 

Management

 

The Adviser. Gabelli Funds, LLC

 

The Portfolio Managers. Mr. Mario J. Gabelli, CFA, Chief Investment Officer — Value Portfolios of the Adviser, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception on August 31, 1999. Mr. Timothy M. Winter, CFA, has served as an associate portfolio manager of the Fund since May 2018. Mr. Justin Bergner has served as associate portfolio managers of the Fund since July 1, 2021. Mr. Robert D. Leininger has served as a portfolio manager of the Fund since August 31, 2023. Mr. Ashish Sinha has served as a portfolio manager of the Fund since October 23, 2023.

 

7

 

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

The minimum initial investment for Class AAA, Class A, and Class C shares is $1,000 ($250 for IRAs or Coverdell Education Savings Plans). There is no minimum initial investment for Class AAA, Class A, and Class C shares in an automatic monthly investment plan. Class I shares are available to investors with a minimum investment of $50,000 when purchasing the shares directly through G.distributors, LLC, the Fund’s distributor (“G.distributors” or the “Distributor”), or investors purchasing Class I shares through brokers or financial intermediaries that have entered into selling agreements with the Distributor specifically with respect to Class I shares, and which have different minimum investment amounts. If you transact in Class I shares through a broker or financial intermediary, you may be required to pay a commission and/or other forms of compensation to the broker or financial intermediary. The Distributor reserves the right to waive or change minimum investment amounts. There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

 

You can purchase or redeem shares of the Fund on any day the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for trading (a “Business Day”). You may purchase or redeem Fund shares by written request via mail (The Gabelli Funds, P.O. Box 219204, Kansas City, MO 64121-9204), personal or overnight delivery (The Gabelli Funds, c/o SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions, Inc., 801 Pennsylvania Avenue, Suite 219204, Kansas City, MO 64105-1307), Internet, bank wire, or Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) system. You may also purchase Fund shares by telephone at 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554), if you have an existing account with banking instructions on file.

 

Fund shares can also be purchased or sold through registered broker-dealers or financial intermediaries that have entered into appropriate selling agreements with the Distributor. The broker-dealer or other financial intermediary will transmit these transaction orders to the Fund on your behalf and send you confirmation of your transactions and periodic account statements showing your investments in the Fund.

 

Tax Information

 

The Fund expects that distributions will generally be taxable as ordinary income or long term capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA.

 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

 

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of the Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

8

 

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES, AND RELATED RISKS

 

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide a high level of total return through a combination of capital appreciation and current income. The investment objective of the Fund may not be changed without shareholder approval.

 

Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in securities of Utility Companies that the Adviser believes have the potential to provide either capital appreciation or current income (the “80% Investment Policy”). The 80% Investment Policy may be changed by the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) without shareholder approval. Shareholders will, however, receive at least sixty days prior notice of any change in this policy. Generally, Utility Companies generate relatively predictable streams of revenue and income, and in the view of the Adviser, are likely to pay dividends. However, the Fund focuses on those companies in this industry whose common stocks may be undervalued and thus have the potential for capital appreciation. The Fund’s performance is expected to reflect conditions affecting the utilities industry. This industry is sensitive to factors such as interest rates, local and national government regulations, the price and availability of materials used in the particular utility, environmental protection or energy conservation regulations, the level of demand for services, and the risks associated with constructing and operating certain kinds of facilities, such as nuclear power facilities. These factors may change rapidly. The Adviser emphasizes quality in selecting utility investments, and looks for companies that have proven dividend records and sound financial structures. Believing that the industry is under consolidation due to changes in regulation, the Fund seeks to position itself to take advantage of trends in consolidation.

 

Undervaluation of the stock of a Utility Company with good intermediate and longer term fundamentals can result from a variety of factors, such as a lack of investor recognition of:

 

the underlying value of a company’s fixed assets,

 

the level of demand for services,

 

the underlying value of the companies within the utilities industry,

 

beneficial changes in interest rates,

 

beneficial changes in the price and availability of fuel,

 

the value of a consumer or commercial franchise,

 

changes in the economic or financial environment affecting the company,

 

new or rapidly expanding markets,

 

technological developments or advancements affecting the company or its products,

 

changes in local and national governmental regulations, political climate, or competitive conditions, and

 

changes in environmental protection or energy conservation regulations.

 

Actual events that may lead to a significant increase in the value of a company’s securities include:

 

favorable earnings surprises relative to analysts’ expectations,

 

a beneficial change in local or national governmental regulations,

 

a beneficial change in environmental protection regulations or energy conservation regulations,

 

a merger or reorganization or recapitalization of the company,

 

9

 

 

a sale of a division of the company,

 

a tender offer (an offer to purchase investors’ shares),

 

the retirement or death of a senior officer or substantial shareholder of the company, and

 

a beneficial change in the company’s dividend policy.

 

In selecting investments, the Adviser will consider factors such as: (i) the market price of the issuer’s common stock, earnings expectations, earnings and price histories, balance sheet characteristics, perceived management skills, and the conditions affecting the industry in which the issuer practices; (ii) the level of interest rates, local and national government regulations, the price and availability of materials used in the particular utility, environmental protection or energy conservation regulations, the level of demand for services, and the risks associated with constructing and operating certain kinds of facilities such as nuclear power facilities; (iii) the potential for capital appreciation of the stock; (iv) the dividend income generated by the stock; (v) the prices of the stock relative to other comparable stocks; and (vi) the diversification of the portfolio of the Fund as to issuers. The Adviser will also consider changes in economic and political outlooks as well as individual corporate developments. The Adviser will sell any Fund investments that lose their perceived value relative to other investments in the judgment of the portfolio management team.

 

The Fund’s assets will be invested primarily in a broad range of readily marketable dividend-paying common stocks in the utilities industry. Although many of the common stocks will pay above average dividends, the Fund will buy stock of those companies whose securities have the potential for their prices to increase, providing either capital appreciation or current income for the Fund. The value of common stocks will fluctuate due to many factors, including the past and predicted earnings of the issuer, the quality of the issuer’s management, general market conditions, the forecasts for the issuer’s industry, and the value of the issuer’s assets. Holders of common stocks only have rights to the value in the company after all issuer debts have been paid, and they could lose their entire investment in a company that encounters financial difficulty. The Fund may also invest in MLPs.

 

The Fund’s policy of concentration in companies in the utilities industry is a fundamental policy of the Fund. Fundamental policies may not be changed without the authorization of a vote of a majority (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”)) of the Fund’s outstanding shares.

 

The Fund may also use the following investment techniques:

 

Defensive Investments. When adverse market or economic conditions occur, the Fund may temporarily invest all or a portion of its assets in defensive investments. Such investments include high grade debt securities, obligations of the U.S. government and its agencies, and instrumentalities, or high quality, short term money market instruments. When following a defensive strategy, the Fund will be less likely to achieve its investment objective.

 

Foreign Securities. The Fund may invest up to 40% of its total assets in securities of non-U.S. issuers.

 

The Fund may also engage in other investment practices in order to achieve its investment objective. These are discussed in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), which may be obtained by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554), your financial intermediary, or free of charge through the Fund’s website at www.gabelli.com.

 

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Investing in the Fund involves the following risks:

 

Equity Risk. Equity risk is the risk that the prices of the securities held by the Fund will change due to general market and economic conditions, perceptions regarding the industries in which the companies issuing the securities participate, and the issuer companies’ particular circumstances. These fluctuations may cause a security to be worth less than it was worth when it was purchased by the Fund. Because the value of securities, and thus shares of the Fund, could decline, you could lose money.

 

Industry Risk. The Fund’s investments in Utility Companies may be more susceptible to factors affecting those particular types of companies and may decline in value because of various factors, including increases in operating expenses, high interest costs, higher inflation, industry overcapacity, or reduced demand for services. The Fund may invest in energy companies and energy producers, including pipeline and gas distribution companies. General problems of energy companies include volatile fluctuations in price and supply of energy fuels, international politics, terrorist attacks, wars, international sanctions, trade restrictions, reserve and depletion risk, reduced demand as a result of increases in energy efficiency and energy conservation, the success of exploration projects, cleanup and litigation costs relating to oil spills and environmental damage, and tax and other regulatory policies of various governments. Natural disasters damaging the sources of energy supplies will also impact energy companies. Oil production and refining companies are subject to extensive federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations regarding air emissions and the disposal of hazardous materials. In addition, recent oil prices have been extremely volatile as a result of, among other factors, (i) the spread of infectious diseases, (ii) changes in oil and gas inventories, (iii) global market demand, (iv) geopolitical instability, armed conflict and social unrest, including the invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022, the associated response undertaken by western nations, such as the implementation of broad sanctions, and the potential for retaliatory actions on the part of Russia, (v) potential future disagreements among OPEC+ countries regarding the supply of oil, (vi) the potential for increased production and activity from U.S. shale producers and non-OPEC countries driven by the current oil prices, and therefore, the Fund cannot predict how long oil and gas prices will remain stable or further increase, if at all, or whether they could reverse course and decline, (vii) sabotage to oil and gas company infrastructure, property and equipment, operating systems and other similar incidents. In particular, the invasion of Ukraine by Russia and the ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine have led to, and will likely continue to lead to, geopolitical disruption and volatility of the markets within which we operate. Volatility in oil prices has caused some producers to curtail production or reduce spending for exploration activities, and it has also caused some energy sector companies to fail due to overleveraging and an extended period of reduced prices may significantly lengthen the time the sector would need to recover after a stabilization of prices. This could increase the time period the Fund would need to see a realization of its investment.

 

Environmental and Other Regulatory Matters. Utility Companies may be subject to a number of host country statutory and regulatory standards and required approvals relating to energy, labor and environmental laws. Certain permits and regulatory approvals may be required to be obtained for certain investments by Utility Companies and failure by such companies to obtain such permits and regulatory approvals could adversely affect the Fund’s investment. Utility

 

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  Companies also face considerable costs associated with environmental compliance and safety regulation. Increasingly, regulators are calling upon electric utilities to bear these added costs, and there is a risk that these costs will not be fully recovered through an increase in revenues. Changing weather patterns and natural disasters affect consumer demand for utility services (e.g., electricity, heat and air conditioning), which, in turn, affects utility revenues.

 

Equipment and Supplies. Utility Companies may face the risk of lengthy delays and increased costs associated with the design, development, construction, licensing and operation of their facilities or sale of their products. Moreover, technological innovations may render existing plants, equipment or products obsolete and impact the competitive strength of Utility Companies.

 

Cybersecurity Risks. Utility Companies have experienced sabotage to company infrastructure, property and equipment, attempts to breach company operating systems and other similar incidents in the past, which have resulted in shutdowns and/or disruptions in their operations. For example, in May 2021, a U.S. fuel pipeline operator was the target of a ransomware attack, which resulted in the shutdown of a massive oil pipeline system that supplies the eastern United States. In September 2022, several subsea explosions ruptured the Nord Stream I pipeline and one Nord Stream II pipe, causing a substantial disruption in the delivery of natural gases under the Baltic Sea. Several counties, including Sweden, have concluded the explosions were caused by grievous sabotage.

 

Utility Companies may continue to be subject to attempts to gain unauthorized access to or through their operating systems and physical attacks on industry and company infrastructure, property and equipment. Any physical damage, system failure, cybersecurity breach, ransomware attack, system disruption or other material harm could interrupt or delay operations and impact a Utility Company’s ability to manage its operations and report financial performance, which could have a materially adverse effect on existing and future business. These and other developments may adversely impact the value of the Fund’s investments in Utility Companies.

 

Water. In the case of the water utility sector, the industry is highly fragmented, and most water supply companies find themselves in mature markets, although upgrading of fresh water and waste water systems is an expanding business.

 

Gas. Gas transmission companies and gas distribution companies are also undergoing significant changes. In the United States, interstate transmission companies are regulated by the FERC, which began reducing its regulation of the industry in the 1980’s. Many companies have diversified into oil and gas exploration and development, making returns more sensitive to energy prices. In the recent decade, gas utility companies have been adversely affected by disruptions in the oil industry, including related to political conditions in oil producing regions (such as the Middle East), by increased concentration and competition, and by differing approaches to energy policy in the United States, including increased incentives for the exploration and production of alternative energy and climate-related programs, revocation of federal permits for, and public opposition to, natural gas pipelines, such as the cross-border operation permit for the Keystone XL Pipeline and other policy decisions that favor alternative energy sources. The resumption or extension of these policies, or the adoption of similar policies by a future U.S. administration, could adversely affect the financial performance of gas transmission and distribution companies. Prolonged changes in climatic conditions can also have a significant

 

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  impact on both the revenues and expenses of a gas utility. Natural gas is the cleanest of the hydrocarbon fuels, and this may result in incremental shifts in fuel consumption toward natural gas and away from oil and coal, even for electricity generation. However, technological or regulatory changes within the industry may delay or prevent this result.

 

Electric. Certain Utility Companies may own or operate nuclear generating facilities. Governmental authorities may from time to time review existing policies and impose additional requirements governing the licensing, construction and operation of nuclear power plants. In the past, nuclear generating projects in the electric utility industry have experienced substantial cost increases, construction delays and licensing difficulties. These have been caused by various factors, including inflation, high financing costs, required design changes and rework, allegedly faulty construction, objections by groups and governmental officials, limits on the ability to obtain financing, reduced forecasts of energy requirements and economic conditions. This experience indicates that the risk of significant cost increases, delays and licensing difficulties remain present until completion and achievement of commercial operation of any nuclear project. Also, nuclear generating units in service have experienced unplanned outages or extensions of scheduled outages due to equipment problems or new regulatory requirements sometimes followed by a significant delay in obtaining regulatory approval to return to service. A major accident at a nuclear plant anywhere could cause the imposition of limits or prohibitions on the operation, construction or licensing of nuclear units. Prolonged changes in climatic conditions can also have a significant impact on both the revenues of an electric and gas utility as well as its expenses. The construction and operation of nuclear power facilities are subject to strict scrutiny by, and evolving regulations of, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and state agencies which have comparable jurisdiction. Strict scrutiny might result in higher operating costs and higher capital expenditures, with the risk that the regulators may disallow inclusion of these costs in rate authorizations or the risk that a company may not be permitted to operate or complete construction of a facility. In addition, operators of nuclear power plants may be subject to significant costs for disposal of nuclear fuel and for decommissioning such plants.

 

The rating agencies look closely at the business profile of utilities. Ratings for companies are expected to be affected to a greater extent in the future by how their asset base is utilized. Electric utility companies that focus more on the generation of electricity may be assigned less favorable ratings as this business is expected to be competitive and the least regulated. On the other hand, companies that focus on transmission and distribution, which is expected to be the least competitive and the more regulated part of the business, may see higher ratings given the greater predictability of cash flow.

 

Telecommunications. The telecommunications industry today includes both traditional telephone companies with a history of broad market coverage and highly regulated businesses and cable companies, which began as small, lightly regulated businesses focused on limited markets. Today these two historically different businesses are converging in an industry which is trending toward larger, competitive, national and international markets with an emphasis on deregulation. Companies that distribute telephone services and provide access to the telephone networks still comprise the greatest portion of this segment, but non-regulated activities such as cellular telephone services, paging, data processing, equipment retailing, computer software

 

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  and hardware services are becoming increasingly significant components as well. The presence of unregulated companies in this industry and the entry of traditional telephone companies into unregulated or less regulated businesses provide significant investment opportunities with companies which may increase their earnings at faster rates than had been allowed in traditional regulated businesses. Still, increasing competition, technological innovations and other structural changes could adversely affect the profitability of such utilities and the growth rate of their dividends. Given mergers and proposed legislation and enforcement changes, it is likely that both traditional telephone companies and cable companies will continue to provide an expanding range of utility services to residential, corporate and governmental customers.

 

Inflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the real value of the Fund’s shares and distributions therefore may decline. Inflation rates may change frequently and significantly as a result of various factors, including unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy and changes in economic policies, and the Fund’s investments may not keep pace with inflation, which may result in losses to Fund shareholders.

 

Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund’s investments outside the United States carry additional risks that include:

 

Currency Risk — Fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies may negatively affect an investment. Adverse changes in exchange rates may erode or reverse any gains produced by foreign currency denominated investments and may widen any losses. In addition, the Fund’s investments could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, repatriation of funds or conversion of emerging market currencies.

 

Information Risk — Key information about an issuer, security, or market may be inaccurate or unavailable.

 

Political Risk — Foreign governments may expropriate assets, impose capital or currency controls, impose punitive taxes, or nationalize a company or industry. Any of these actions could have a severe effect on security prices and impair the Fund’s ability to bring its capital or income back to the United States. Other political risks include policy changes, social and political instability, military action, and war. In particular, the consequences of international conflict, including international sanctions, the potential impact on inflation and increased disruption to supply chains may impact our portfolio companies, result in an economic downturn or recession either globally or locally in the U.S. or other economies, reduce business activity, spawn additional conflicts (whether in the form of traditional military action, reignited “cold” wars or in the form of virtual warfare such as cyberattacks) with similar and perhaps wider ranging impacts and consequences and have an adverse impact on the Fund’s returns and net asset value.

 

Access Risk — The risk that some countries may restrict the Fund’s access to investments or offer terms that are less advantageous than those for local investors. This could limit the attractive investment opportunities available to the Fund.

 

Liquidity Risk — Foreign securities are sometimes less liquid than securities of comparably sized U.S. issuers.

 

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Emerging Markets Risk — The above listed foreign securities risks are more pronounced in the securities of companies located in emerging markets. Investments in emerging markets may experience sharp price swings, as there may be less government supervision and regulation of business in such markets, and may entail risks relating to political and economic instability and expropriation, nationalization, confiscation or the imposition of restrictions on foreign investment, lack of hedging instruments, and restrictions on repatriation of capital invested. Securities markets in emerging markets may be less liquid and developed than those in the United States, potentially making prices erratic. Economic or political crises may detrimentally affect investments in emerging markets. Emerging market countries may experience substantial rates of inflation or deflation. The economies of developing countries tend to be dependent upon international trade. There may be little financial information available about emerging market issuers, and it may be difficult to obtain or enforce a judgment against them. Other risks include a high concentration of investors, financial intermediaries, and market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers and industries; vulnerability to changes in commodity prices due to overdependence on exports, including gold and natural resources, overburdened infrastructure and obsolete or unseasoned financial systems; environmental problems; less developed legal systems; and less reliable securities custodial services and settlement practices. For all of these reasons, investments in emerging markets may be considered speculative.

 

Eurozone Investment Risks — A number of countries in the European Union (the “EU”) have experienced, and may continue to experience, severe economic and financial difficulties, increasing the risk of investing in the European markets. In particular, many EU nations are susceptible to economic risks associated with high levels of debt, notably due to investments in sovereign debt of countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Ireland. As a result, financial markets in the EU have been subject to increased volatility and declines in asset values and liquidity. Responses to these financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not work, may result in social unrest, and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences.

 

The United Kingdom ceased to be a member of the European Union (the “EU”) on January 31, 2020 (“Brexit”). A Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the EU and the United Kingdom (the “TCA”) took effect on May 1, 2021, and now governs the relationship between the EU and the United Kingdom. While the TCA regulates a number of important areas, significant parts of the United Kingdom economy are not addressed in detail by the TCA, including in particular the services sector, which represents the largest component of the United Kingdom’s economy. As such, there remains uncertainty as to the scope, nature and terms of the relationship between the United Kingdom and the EU and the effect and implications of the TCA. Brexit may have a negative impact on the economy and currency of the United Kingdom and EU as a result of anticipated, perceived or actual changes to the United Kingdom’s economic and political relations with the EU. Brexit may also have a destabilizing impact on the EU to the extent other member states similarly seek to withdraw from the union. Any further exits of member states from the EU, or the possibility of such exits, would likely cause additional market disruption

 

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globally and introduce new legal and regulatory uncertainties. Any or all of these challenges may affect the value of a Fund’s investments that are economically tied to the United Kingdom or the EU, and could have an adverse impact on a Fund’s performance.

 

Globalization Risks — The growing inter-relationship of global economies and financial markets has increased the effect of conditions in one country or region on issuers of securities in a different country or region. In particular, events or developments that interrupt the global supply chain, such as pandemic risks relating to the spread of infectious diseases, the adoption or prolongation of protectionist trade policies by one or more countries, war, changes in economic or monetary policy in the US or abroad, or a slowdown in the US economy, could lead to a decrease in demand for products and reduced flows of capital and income to companies in other countries. Those events might particularly affect companies in emerging countries. The current political climate has intensified concerns about potential trade wars between the United States and various other nations, as the current U.S. administration has imposed increased tariffs on several trading partners with additional measures also under discussion.

 

Interest Rate Risk. Investments in dividend paying securities involve interest rate risk. When interest rates decline, the value of such securities generally rises. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of such securities generally declines. There is a risk that heightened interest rates may cause the economy to enter a recession. Any such recession would negatively impact the Fund and the investments held by the Fund.

 

Issuer Risk. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to an issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services, as well as the historical and prospective earnings of the issuer and the value of its assets or factors unrelated to the issuer’s value, such as investor perception.

 

Management Risk. If the portfolio managers are incorrect in their assessment of the growth prospects of the securities the Fund holds, then the value of the Fund’s shares may decline. In addition, the portfolio managers’ strategy may produce returns that are different from other mutual funds that invest in similar securities.

 

Master Limited Partnerships Risk. Investments in MLPs subjects the Fund to risks associated with the specific industry or industries in which the MLPs invest. MLPs are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments may not provide attractive returns.

 

Regulatory Risk. The Fund’s investments in Utility Companies may lose value because of changes in the amounts and types of governmental and environmental regulation. Regulatory regimes in various utilities industries such as electricity, broadcast, cable and common carriers impose limitations on the percentage of the shares held of a public utility by an investment adviser and its clients. Moreover, deregulation of various sectors of the utilities industry could have a negative impact on the Fund’s shares as certain companies prove to be less able to meet the challenge of deregulation.

 

Market Risk. General economic and market conditions, such as interest rates, availability of credit, inflation rates, economic uncertainty, supply chain disruptions, labor shortages, energy and other resource shortages, changes in laws, trade barriers, currency exchange controls and national and international political circumstances (including governmental responses to public

 

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  health crises or the spread of infectious diseases), may have long-term negative effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets and economy, and thus the Fund. Market risk includes the risk that geopolitical and other events will disrupt the economy on a national or global level. For instance, war, terrorism, market manipulation, government defaults, government shutdowns, political changes or diplomatic developments, public health emergencies (such as the spread of infectious diseases, pandemics and epidemics) and natural/environmental disasters can all negatively impact the securities markets, which could cause the Fund to lose value. These events could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and significantly adversely impact the economy. The current contentious domestic political environment, as well as political and diplomatic events within the United States and abroad, such as the U.S. government’s inability at times to agree on a long-term budget and deficit reduction plan, has in the past resulted, and may in the future result, in a government shutdown, which could have an adverse impact on the Fund’s investments and operations. Additional and/or prolonged U.S. federal government shutdowns may affect investor and consumer confidence and may adversely impact financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree. Governmental and quasi-governmental authorities and regulators throughout the world have previously responded to serious economic disruptions with a variety of significant fiscal and monetary policy changes, including, but not limited to, direct capital infusions into companies, new monetary programs and dramatically lower interest rates. An unexpected or sudden reversal of these policies, or the ineffectiveness of these policies, could increase volatility in securities markets, which could adversely affect the Fund’s investments. Any market disruptions could also prevent the Fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner. To the extent that the Fund focuses its investments in a region enduring geopolitical market disruption, it will face higher risks of loss, although the increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets can lead to events or conditions in one country, region or financial market adversely impacting a different country, region or financial market. Thus, investors should closely monitor current market conditions to determine whether the Fund meets their individual financial needs and tolerance for risk.

 

“Return of Capital” Risk. The Fund’s distributions may represent a non-taxable return of capital. A return of capital distribution is a distribution in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits. A return of capital distribution is tax-free to the extent of a shareholder’s basis in its Fund shares and reduces the shareholder’s basis to that extent. A distribution consisting of return of capital should not be considered as the dividend yield or total return of an investment. Shareholders who receive the payment of a distribution consisting of a return of capital may be under the impression that they are receiving net profits when they are not.

 

Portfolio Holdings. A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the SAI, which may be obtained by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554), your financial intermediary, or free of charge through the Fund’s website at www.gabelli.com.

 

ReFlow Liquidity Program. The Fund may participate from time to time in a program offered by ReFlow Fund, LLC (“ReFlow”). Pursuant to the program and subject to certain conditions, ReFlow provides participating mutual funds with a source of cash to meet net shareholder redemptions by purchasing fund shares at net asset value in an amount up to the value of the net shares redeemed. Following purchases

 

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of fund shares, ReFlow then redeems those shares when a fund experiences net sales, at the end of a maximum holding period determined by ReFlow, or at other times at a fund’s or ReFlow’s discretion. While ReFlow holds a fund’s shares, it has the same rights and privileges with respect to those shares as any other shareholder. However, investments in the Fund by ReFlow are exempt from the Funds’ 2.00% short term trading fee policy as described in this Prospectus.

 

In the event a Fund uses the ReFlow program, such Fund will pay a fee to ReFlow each time ReFlow purchases Fund shares, calculated by applying to the purchase amount a fee rate determined through an automated daily auction among participating mutual funds seeking liquidity that day. The current minimum fee rate is 0.14% of the value of a Fund’s shares purchased by ReFlow. ReFlow’s purchases of Fund shares through the liquidity program are made on an investment-blind basis without regard to a Fund’s investment objective, policies or anticipated performance. In accordance with federal securities laws, ReFlow is prohibited from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund. When ReFlow redeems all or part of a position in a Fund, such Fund may pay all or a portion of such redemption in kind. Each Fund expects that in-kind redemptions will comprise a significant portion of redemptions paid to ReFlow.

 

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

 

The Adviser. Gabelli Funds, LLC, with its principal offices located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422, is a New York limited liability company that serves as investment adviser to the Fund. The Adviser makes investment decisions for the Fund and continuously reviews and administers the Fund’s investment program and manages the Fund’s operations under the general supervision of the Fund’s Board. The Adviser also manages several other open-end and closed-end investment companies in the Gabelli family of funds (“Gabelli Fund Complex” or “Fund Complex”). The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of GAMCO Investors, Inc. (“GAMI”), a publicly held company listed on the OTCQX.

 

As compensation for its services and related expenses borne by the Adviser for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Fund paid the Adviser a fee computed daily and payable monthly equal to 1.00% of the value of the Fund’s average daily net assets.

 

The Fund’s Form N-CSR for the period ended June 30, 2024 contains a discussion of the basis of the Board’s determination to continue the investment advisory agreement.

 

The Portfolio Managers. Mr. Mario J. Gabelli, CFA, is primarily responsible for the day to day investment management of the Fund. Mr. Gabelli is Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer of GAMI and Associated Capital Group, Inc.; Chief Investment Officer — Value Portfolios of GAMI, Gabelli Funds, LLC, and GAMCO Asset Management, Inc., another wholly owned subsidiary of GAMI; Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of GGCP, Inc.; and an officer or director of other companies affiliated with GAMI. The Adviser relies to a considerable extent on the expertise of Mr. Gabelli, who may be difficult to replace in the event of his death, disability, or resignation.

 

Mr. Timothy M. Winter, CFA, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since May 2018. He joined Gabelli & Company in April of 2009 and covers the utility industry. He has over 20 years’ experience as an equity research analyst covering this industry, including the years 1992-2007 at AG Edwards from where he received industry recognition as a 3 time Wall Street Journal All-Star and was a senior member of the

 

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Institutional Investor (I.I.) #1 ranked Electric Utility Team for the years 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005. He was most recently recognized in the 2017 Thomson Reuters US Analyst Awards as a “Top Stock Picker” in the gas utility industry. Mr. Winter received his BA in Economics in 1991 from Rollins College and MBA in Finance from Notre Dame in 1992.

 

Mr. Justin Bergner joined the portfolio management team as an associate portfolio manager effective July 1, 2021. Mr. Bergner has been a research analyst at GAMCO Investors, Inc. since 2013. Mr. Bergner graduated cum laude from Yale University with a BA in Economics & Mathematics and received an MBA in Finance and Accounting from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

 

Mr. Robert D. Leininger, CFA, joined the portfolio management team effective August 31, 2023. He joined GAMI in 1993 as a security analyst. Mr. Leininger moved to Rorer Asset Management LLC in Philadelphia in 1997, where he was a partner in the firm and member of the investment policy committee. In August 2009, he joined Copeland Capital Management as a partner and portfolio manager before rejoining GAMI in 2010 where he currently serves as a portfolio manager for the Adviser and on GAMCO’s institutional and high net worth separate accounts team. He is a member of the Financial Analyst Society of Philadelphia. Mr. Leininger is a magna cum laude graduate of Amherst College with a degree in Economics and holds an MBA from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

 

Mr. Ashish Sinha joined the portfolio management team effective October 23, 2023. He joined GAMCO UK in 2012 as a research analyst. Prior to joining the Firm, Mr. Sinha was a research analyst at Morgan Stanley in London for seven years and has covered European Technology, Mid-Caps and Business Services. He also worked in planning and strategy at Birla Sun Life Insurance in India. Currently Mr. Sinha is a portfolio manager of Gabelli Funds, LLC and an Assistant Vice President of GAMCO Asset Management UK. Mr. Sinha has a BSBA degree from the Institute of Management Studies and an MBA from the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade.

 

The Fund’s SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by them, and their ownership of securities, if any, in the Fund.

 

INDEX DESCRIPTIONS

 

The S&P 500 Utilities Index is an unmanaged market capitalization-weighted index consisting of the gas, electric, and telephone stocks that are included in the S&P 500 Index, a market capitalization-weighted index of common stocks. The index figures do not reflect any deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes. You cannot invest directly in the S&P 500 Utilities Index.

 

The Lipper Utility Fund Average reflects the average performance of mutual funds classified in this particular category.

 

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CLASSES OF SHARES

 

Four classes of the Fund’s shares are offered in this prospectus — Class AAA shares, Class A shares, Class C shares, and Class I shares. The Fund is not designed for market timers; see the section entitled “Redemption of Shares.” Each class of shares has different costs associated with buying, selling, and holding Fund shares. Your broker or other financial professional can assist you in selecting which class of shares best meets your needs based on such factors as the size of your investments and the length of time you intend to hold your shares.

 

The minimum initial investment for Class AAA, Class A, and Class C shares is $1,000.

 

The Fund’s Class AAA shares are offered only to (1) clients of broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries (i) that charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting, or similar service or (ii) where the Distributor has entered into an agreement permitting the financial intermediary to offer Class AAA shares through its mutual fund supermarket network or platform, and (2) customers of the Distributor.

 

Class I shares are available to investors with a minimum investment of $50,000 and purchasing shares directly through the Distributor, or investors purchasing Class I shares through brokers or financial intermediaries that have entered into selling agreements with the Distributor specifically with respect to Class I shares. Such brokers or financial intermediaries may have different requirements as to the investment minimum. If you transact in Class I shares through a broker or financial intermediary, you may be required to pay a commission and/or other forms of compensation to the broker or financial intermediary.

 

The Distributor or its affiliates may, in their discretion, accept investments from purchasers that do not meet the qualification requirements.

 

There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

 

The table that follows summarizes the differences among the classes of shares.

 

A “front-end sales load” or sales charge is a one time fee that may be charged at the time of purchase of shares.

 

A contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) is a one time fee that may be charged at the time of redemption.

 

A “Rule 12b-1 fee” is a recurring annual fee for distributing shares and servicing shareholder accounts based on the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to the particular class of shares.

 

In selecting a class of shares in which to invest, you should consider:

 

the length of time you plan to hold the shares;

 

the amount of sales charge and Rule 12b-1 fees, recognizing that your share of Rule 12b-1 fees as a percentage of your investment increases if the Fund’s assets increase in value and decreases if the Fund’s assets decrease in value;

 

whether you qualify for a reduction or waiver of the Class A sales charge; and

 

whether you qualify to purchase Class AAA shares or Class I shares.

 

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  Class AAA Shares Class A Shares Class C Shares Class I Shares
Front-End Sales Load? No. Yes. The percentage declines as the amount invested increases. The offering price of a Class A share includes the front-end sales load. No. No.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge? No. No, except for shares redeemed up to and including the last day of the eighteenth month after purchase as part of an investment greater than $1 million if no front-end sales charge was paid at the time of purchase. Yes, for shares redeemed up to and including the last day of the twelfth month after purchase. No.
Rule 12b-1 Fee 0.25% 0.25% 1.00% None.
Convertible to Another Class? Yes. May be converted to Class I shares provided certain conditions are met. Yes. May be converted to Class I shares provided certain conditions are met. Yes. May be converted to Class I shares provided certain conditions are met. Conversion to Class A shares after approximately eight years. No.
Fund Expense Levels Lower annual expenses than Class C shares. Higher annual expenses than Class I shares. Same as Class A shares. Lower annual expenses than Class C shares. Higher annual expenses than Class I shares. Same as Class AAA shares. Higher annual expenses than Class AAA, Class A, and Class I shares. Lower annual expenses than Class AAA, Class A, and Class C shares.

 

The following sections and Appendix A to this prospectus include important information about sales charges and sales charge reductions and waivers, and describe information or records you may need to provide to the Fund or your broker in order to be eligible for sales charge reductions and waivers. Intermediaries may have different policies and procedures regarding the availability of sales charge reductions and waivers; please refer to Appendix A to this prospectus, which describes all such intermediaries. Information about sales charges and sales charge reductions and waivers to the various classes of the Fund’s shares is also available free of charge and in a clear and prominent format on our website at www.gabelli.com. You should consider the information below as a guide only, as the decision on which share class is best for you depends on your individual needs and circumstances.

 

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  If you then you should consider
qualify for a reduced or waived front-end sales load purchasing Class A shares instead of Class C shares
do not qualify for a reduced or waived front-end sales load and intend to hold your shares for only a few years purchasing Class C shares instead of Class A shares
do not qualify for a reduced or waived front-end sales load and intend to hold your shares indefinitely purchasing Class A shares instead of Class C shares
are eligible and wish to purchase at least $50,000 worth of shares purchasing Class I shares
qualify for no-load purchasing Class AAA shares

 

Sales Charge — Class A Shares. Unless you are eligible for a sales charge reduction or a waiver as set forth in Appendix A to this prospectus, the sales charge is imposed on Class A shares at the time of purchase in accordance with the following schedule. It is the purchaser’s responsibility to notify the Fund, the Distributor, or the purchaser’s financial intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying the purchaser for sales charge reductions or waivers.

 

Amount of Investment   Sales Charge
as % of the
Offering Price*
    Sales Charge
as % of
Amount Invested
    Reallowance
to
Broker-Dealers
 
Under $50,000       5.75 %         6.10 %         5.00 %  
$50,000 but under $100,000       4.75 %         4.99 %         4.00 %  
$100,000 but under $250,000       3.75 %         3.90 %         3.00 %  
$250,000 but under $500,000       2.75 %         2.83 %         2.25 %  
$500,000 but under $1 million       2.00 %         2.04 %         1.75 %  
$1 million but under $2 million       0.00 %**         0.00 %         1.00 %  
$2 million but under $5 million       0.00 %**         0.00 %         0.50 %  
$5 million or more       0.00 %**         0.00 %         0.25 %  

 

 
* Front-end sales load. The term “offering price” includes the front-end sales load.
** Subject to a CDSC equivalent to the corresponding amount listed under the column “Reallowance to Broker-Dealers” for redemptions up to and including the last day of the eighteenth month after purchase.

 

No sales charge is imposed on reinvestment of dividends and distributions if you selected that option in advance of the distributions.

 

Breakpoints or Volume Discounts

 

The Fund offers you the benefit of discounts on the sales charges that apply to purchases of Class A shares in certain circumstances. These discounts, which are also known as breakpoints, can reduce or, in some instances, eliminate the initial sales charges that would otherwise apply to your Class A shares investment. Mutual funds are not required to offer breakpoints and different mutual fund groups may offer different types of breakpoints.

 

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Breakpoints or volume discounts allow larger investments in Class A shares to be charged lower sales charges. If you invest $50,000 or more in Class A shares of the Fund, then you are eligible for a reduced

 

sales charge. Initial sales charges are eliminated completely for purchases of $1,000,000 or more, although a 1% CDSC may apply if shares are redeemed up to and including the last day of the eighteenth month after purchase.

 

Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers — Class A Shares

 

Reduced sales charges are available to (1) investors who are eligible to combine their purchases of Class A shares to receive volume discounts and (2) investors who sign a Letter of Intent (“Letter”) agreeing to make purchases over time. Certain types of investors, as set forth below, are eligible for sales charge waivers.

 

Class A shares may be available for purchase by clients of certain financial intermediaries without the application of a front-end sales load, as described in Appendix A to the prospectus.

 

You may qualify for a reduced sales charge, or a waiver of sales charges, on purchases of Class A shares. The requirements are described in the following paragraphs. To receive a reduction that you qualify for, you may have to provide additional information to your broker or other service agent. For more information about sales charge discounts and waivers, consult with your broker or other service provider.

 

Volume Discounts/Rights of Accumulation. In order to determine whether you qualify for a volume discount under the foregoing sales charge schedule, you may combine your new investment and your existing investments in Class A shares with those of your immediate family (spouse and children under age 21), your and their IRAs, and other employee benefit plans and trusts and other fiduciary accounts for your and their benefit. You may also include Class A shares of any other open-end investment company managed by the Adviser or its affiliates that are held in any of the foregoing accounts. The Fund uses the current net asset value per share (“NAV”) of these holdings when combining them with your new and existing investments for purposes of determining whether you qualify for a volume discount.

 

Letter of Intent. If you initially invest at least $1,000 in Class A shares of the Fund and submit a Letter to your financial intermediary or the Distributor, you may make purchases of Class A shares of the Fund during a thirteen-month period at the reduced sales charge rates applicable to the aggregate amount of the intended purchases stated in the Letter. The Letter may apply to purchases made up to ninety days before the date of the Letter. If you fail to invest the total amount stated in the Letter, the Fund will retroactively collect the sales charge otherwise applicable by redeeming shares in your account at their then current NAV. For more information on the Letter, call your broker.

 

Required Shareholder Information and Records. In order for you to take advantage of sales charge reductions, you or your broker must notify the Fund that you qualify for a reduction. Without notification, the Fund is unable to ensure that the reduction is applied to your account. You may have to provide information or records to your broker or the Fund to verify eligibility for breakpoint privileges or other sales charge waivers. This may include information or records, including account statements, regarding shares of the Fund or shares of any other open-end investment company managed by the Adviser or its affiliates held in:

 

all of your accounts at the Fund or a financial intermediary;

 

any account of yours at another financial intermediary; and

 

accounts of related parties of yours, such as members of the same family, at any financial intermediary.

 

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You should therefore keep copies of these types of records.

 

Investors Eligible for Sales Charge Waivers. Class A shares of the Fund may be offered without a sales charge to: (1) employees of the Distributor and its affiliates, The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, SS&C Global & Distribution Solutions, Inc. (“SS&C GIDS” or the “Transfer Agent”), State Street Bank and Trust Company, (“State Street”), BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., and Soliciting Broker-Dealers, employee benefit plans for those employees and their spouses and minor children of such employees when orders on their behalf are placed by such employees (the minimum initial investment for such purchases is $500); (2) the Adviser, its affiliates and their officers, directors, trustees, general partners, and employees of other investment companies managed by the Adviser, employee benefit plans for such persons and their immediate family when orders on their behalf are placed by such persons (with no required minimum initial investment) — the term “immediate family” for this purpose refers to a person’s spouse, children and grandchildren (adopted or natural), parents, grandparents, siblings, a spouse’s siblings, a sibling’s spouse, and a sibling’s children; (3) any other investment company in connection with the combination of such company with the Fund by merger, acquisition of assets, or otherwise; (4) shareholders who have redeemed shares in the Fund and who wish to reinvest in the Fund, provided the reinvestment is made within ninety days of the redemption; (5) employee benefit plans; (6) any unit investment trusts registered under the 1940 Act which have shares of the Fund as a principal investment; (7) investment advisory clients of GAMCO Asset Management, Inc. and their immediate families; (8) financial institutions purchasing Class A shares of the Fund for clients participating in a fee based asset allocation program or wrap fee program; and (9) investment advisers or financial planners who place trades for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a management, consulting, or other fee for their services; and clients of such investment advisers or financial planners who place trades for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment adviser or financial planner on the books and records of a broker or financial intermediary.

 

Additional categories of sales charge reductions and waivers are also set out in Appendix A to this prospectus.

 

Investors who qualify under any of the categories described above or those set out in the Appendix A to this prospectus should contact their broker or financial intermediary. Some of these investors may also qualify to invest in Class I shares.

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charges

 

You will pay a CDSC when you redeem:

 

Class A shares up to and including the last day of the eighteenth month from when they were purchased as part of an investment greater than $1 million if no front-end sales charge was paid at the time of purchase; or

 

Class C shares up to and including the last day of the twelfth month from when they were purchased.

 

The CDSCs payable upon redemption of Class A shares in the circumstances described above are 1.00% for investments of $1 million but less than $2 million, 0.50% for investments of $2 million but less than $5 million, and 0.25% for investments of $5 million or more. The CDSC payable upon redemption of Class C shares in the circumstances described above is 1.00%. In each case, the CDSC is based on the NAV at the time of your investment or the NAV at the time of redemption, whichever is lower.

 

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The Distributor pays sales commissions of up to 1.00% of the purchase price of Class C shares of the Fund at the time of sale to brokers and financial intermediaries that initiate and are responsible for purchases of such Class C shares of the Fund.

 

You will not pay a CDSC to the extent that the value of the redeemed shares represents reinvestment of distributions or capital appreciation of shares redeemed. When you redeem shares, we will assume that you are first redeeming shares representing reinvestment of dividends and capital gain distributions, then any appreciation on shares redeemed, and then any remaining shares held by you for the longest period of time. We will calculate the holding period of shares acquired through an exchange of shares of another fund from the date you acquired the original shares of the other fund. The time you hold shares in the Gabelli money market fund, however, will not count for purposes of calculating the applicable CDSC.

 

We will waive the CDSC payable upon redemptions of shares for:

 

redemptions and distributions from retirement plans made after the death or disability of a shareholder;

 

minimum required distributions made from an IRA or other retirement plan account after you reach age 70½;

 

involuntary redemptions made by the Fund;

 

a distribution from a tax deferred retirement plan after your retirement; and

 

returns of excess contributions to retirement plans following the shareholder’s death or disability.

 

The CDSC may be waived if you purchase your shares through intermediaries identified in Appendix A to this prospectus.

 

Rule 12b-1 Plan. The Fund has adopted distribution plans under Rule 12b-1 for Class AAA, Class A and Class C shares of the Fund (“Plans” or each, a “Plan”). Under these Plans, the Fund may use its assets to finance activities relating to the sale of its Class AAA, Class A and Class C shares and the provision of certain shareholder services. To the extent any activity is one that the Fund may finance without a distribution plan, the Fund may also make payments to compensate for such activities outside a Plan and not be subject to its limitations.

 

The Class AAA and Class A Plans authorize payments by the Fund at an annual rate of 0.25% of its average daily net assets attributable to Class AAA and Class A shares to finance distribution of its Class AAA and Class A shares or pay shareholder service fees. The Class C Plan authorizes payments by the Fund at an annual rate of 0.75% of its average daily net assets attributable to Class C shares to finance distribution of its Class C shares and 0.25% for shareholder service fees.

 

Because the Rule 12b-1 fees are higher for Class C shares than for Class AAA or Class A shares, Class C shares will have higher annual expenses. Because Rule 12b-1 fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. Due to the payment of Rule 12b-1 fees, long term shareholders may indirectly pay more than the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.

 

Redemption Fee. Generally, if you sell or exchange your shares within seven days or less after the purchase date, you will be charged a redemption fee of 2.00% of the total redemption amount which is payable to the Fund. See “Redemption of Shares” herein.

 

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PURCHASE OF SHARES

 

You can purchase the Fund’s shares on any Business Day.

 

By Mail or In Person. You may open an account by mailing a completed subscription order form with a check or money order payable to “The Gabelli Utilities Fund” to:

 

  By Mail   By Personal or Overnight Delivery
 

The Gabelli Funds

P.O. Box 219204

Kansas City, MO 64121-9204

 

The Gabelli Funds

c/o SS&C GIDS

801 Pennsylvania Avenue, Suite 219204

Kansas City, MO 64105-1307

 

You can obtain a subscription order form by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554). Checks made payable to a third party and endorsed by the shareholder are not acceptable. For additional investments, send a check to the above address with a note stating your exact name and account number, the name of the fund(s), and class of shares you wish to purchase.

 

By Internet. You may open an account over the Internet at www.gabelli.com.

 

By Bank Wire or by ACH System. To open an account using the bank wire transfer system or ACH system, first telephone the Fund at 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554) to obtain a new account number. Then instruct your bank to wire the funds to:

 

State Street Bank and Trust Company
225 Franklin Street, Boston, MA 02110
ABA #011-0000-28 REF DDA #99046187
Re: The Gabelli Utilities Fund
Account # __________________
Account of [Registered Owners]

 

By Telephone. You may make purchases for an existing account with banking instructions on file by telephone at 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554).

 

If you are making an initial purchase, you should also complete and mail a subscription order form to the address shown under “By Mail.” Note that banks may charge fees for wiring funds, although the Fund’s transfer agent, SS&C GIDS, will not charge you for receiving wire transfers.

 

You may purchase shares directly through registered broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries that have entered into appropriate selling agreements with the Distributor.

 

Your broker-dealer or financial intermediary can obtain a subscription order form by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554). The broker-dealer or other financial intermediary will transmit a purchase order and payment to SS&C GIDS on your behalf. Broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries may send you confirmations of your transactions and periodic account statements showing your investments in the Fund.

 

Share Price. The Fund sells its shares based on the NAV next determined after the time as of which the Fund receives your completed subscription order form but does not issue the shares to you until it receives full payment, subject to a front-end sales charge in the case of Class A shares. See “Pricing of Fund Shares” herein for a description of the calculation of the NAV, as described under “Classes of Shares — Sales Charge — Class A Shares.”

 

26

 

 

Minimum Investments. The minimum initial investment for Class AAA, Class A, and Class C shares is $1,000 ($250 for IRAs or Coverdell Education Savings Plans). The minimum initial investment for Class I shares is $50,000 for investors purchasing Class I shares directly through the Distributor. Investors who wish to purchase Class I shares through brokers or financial intermediaries that have entered into selling agreements with the Distributor specifically with respect to Class I shares should consult their broker or financial intermediary with respect to any minimum investment amount required for their account. The Distributor or its affiliates may, in their discretion, waive the minimum investment requirement under certain circumstances. There is no minimum for subsequent investments. Broker-dealers and financial intermediaries may have different minimum investment requirements.

 

General. SS&C GIDS will not issue share certificates unless you request them. The Fund reserves the right to (i) reject any purchase order if, in the opinion of the Fund’s management, it is in the Fund’s best interest to do so, (ii) suspend the offering of shares for any period of time, and (iii) waive the Fund’s minimum purchase requirements. Except for differences attributable to these arrangements, the shares of all classes are substantially the same.

 

Customer Identification Program. Federal law requires the Fund to obtain, verify, and record identifying information, which may include the name, residential or business address, date of birth (for an individual), social security or taxpayer identification number, or other identifying information, for each investor who opens or reopens an account with the Fund. Applications without the required information may be rejected or placed on hold until the Fund verifies the account holder’s identity.

 

Third Party Arrangements. In addition to, or in lieu of amounts received by broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries as reallowances of a portion of sales commissions, the Adviser and its affiliates may utilize a portion of their assets, which may include revenues received under the Plans, to pay all or a portion of the charges of various programs that make shares of the Fund available to their customers. These payments, sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing,” do not change the price paid by investors to purchase the Fund’s shares or the amount the Fund receives as proceeds from such sales. Revenue sharing payments may be made to broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries that provide services to the Fund or to shareholders in the Fund, including (without limitation) the following programs: shareholder servicing to Fund shareholders, transaction processing, sub-accounting services, marketing support, access to sales meetings, sales representatives, and management representatives of the broker- dealer or other financial intermediaries. Revenue sharing payments may also be made to broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries for inclusion of the Fund on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, and in other sales programs. These payments take a variety of forms, including (without limitation) compensation for sales, “trail” fees for shareholder servicing and maintenance of shareholder accounts, and finders’ fees that vary depending on the share class and the dollar amount of shares sold. Revenue sharing payments may be structured: (i) as a percentage of sales; (ii) as a percentage of net assets; and/or (iii) as a fixed dollar amount.

 

The Adviser may also provide non-cash compensation to broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries in accordance with applicable rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), such as the reimbursement of travel, lodging, and meal expenses incurred in connection with attendance at educational and due diligence meetings or seminars by qualified registered representatives of those firms and, in certain

 

27

 

 

cases, their families; meeting fees; certain entertainment; advertising or other promotional expenses; or other permitted expenses as determined in accordance with applicable FINRA rules. In certain cases these other payments could be significant.

 

Subject to tax limitations and approval by the Board, the Fund may also make payments to third parties out of its own assets (other than Rule 12b-1 payments) for a portion of the charges for those programs that generally represent savings of expenses experienced by the Fund resulting from shareholders investing in the Fund through such programs rather than investing directly in the Fund.

 

The Adviser negotiates the level of payments described above to any particular broker-dealer or other financial intermediary. Currently, such payments (expressed as a percentage of net assets) range from 0.10% to 0.40% per year of the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to the particular firm depending on the nature and level of services and other factors. In the case of Class I shares, the Fund may not make any payments for distribution related services.

 

In addition, in certain cases, broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries, may have agreements pursuant to which shares of the Fund owned by their clients are held of record on the books of the Fund in omnibus accounts maintained by each intermediary, and the intermediaries provide those Fund shareholders with sub-administration and sub-transfer agency services. Pursuant to the Fund’s transfer agency agreement, the Fund pays the transfer agent a fee for each shareholder account. As a result, the use of one omnibus account for multiple beneficial shareholders can create a cost savings to the Fund. The Board may, from time to time, authorize the Fund to pay for a portion of the fees charged by these intermediaries if (i) a cost savings to the Fund can be demonstrated and (ii) the omnibus account of the intermediary has net assets in the Fund in excess of $10 million. In these cases, the Board may authorize the Fund to pay a portion of the fees to the intermediary in an amount no greater than the lower of the transfer agency cost savings relating to the particular omnibus account or 0.10% of the average daily net assets of that omnibus account. These payments compensate these intermediaries for the provision of sub-administration and sub-transfer agency services associated with their clients whose shares are held of record in this manner.

 

Additional Purchase Information

 

Retirement Plans/Education Savings Plans. The Fund makes available IRAs and Coverdell Education Savings Plans for investment in Fund shares. Applications may be obtained from the Distributor by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554). Self-employed investors may purchase shares of the Fund through tax-deductible contributions to existing retirement plans for self-employed persons, known as “Keogh” or “H.R.-10” plans. The Fund does not currently act as a sponsor to such plans. Fund shares may also be a suitable investment for other types of qualified pension or profit sharing plans which are employer sponsored, including deferred compensation or salary reduction plans known as “401(k) Plans.” For Class AAA, A, and C shares, the minimum initial investment in all such retirement and education savings plans is $250. There is no minimum subsequent investment for retirement or education savings plans.

 

Automatic Investment Plan. The Fund offers an automatic monthly investment plan. For Class AAA, A, and C shares, there is no minimum initial investment for accounts establishing an automatic investment plan. Call your financial intermediary or the Distributor at 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554) for more details about the plan.

 

28

 

 

Telephone or Internet Investment Plan. You may purchase additional shares of the Fund by telephone and/or over the Internet if your bank is a member of the ACH system. You must have a completed and approved Account Options Form on file with the Transfer Agent. There is a minimum of $100 for each telephone or Internet investment. However, you may split the $100 minimum between two funds. To initiate an ACH purchase, please call your financial intermediary or 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554) or 800-872-5365 or visit our website at www.gabelli.com.

 

Voluntary Conversion. Shareholders may be able to convert shares to Class I shares of the Fund, which have a lower expense ratio, provided certain conditions are met. For Class A and Class C shares, this conversion feature is intended for shares held through a financial intermediary offering a fee-based or wrap fee program that has an agreement with the Adviser or the Distributor specific for this purpose. Shareholders who currently hold Class AAA shares and are eligible to purchase Class I shares may convert existing Class AAA shares of the same Fund through their financial intermediary if their financial intermediary has a specific agreement with the Distributor. In such instances, Class AAA, Class A and Class C shares may be converted under certain circumstances. Generally, Class C shares are not eligible for conversion until the applicable CDSC period has expired. Under current interpretation of applicable federal income tax law by the Internal Revenue Service, voluntary conversions to a different class of shares generally should not be treated as a taxable event. Please contact your financial intermediary for additional information. Not all share classes are available through all financial intermediaries.

 

If shares of the Fund are converted to a different share class of the Fund, the transaction will be based on the respective NAV of each class as of the trade date of the conversion. Consequently, a shareholder may receive fewer shares or more shares than originally owned, depending on that day’s NAVs. Please contact your tax adviser regarding the tax consequences of any conversion.

 

Conversion of Class C shares to Class A shares. Investors whose accounts are held at the Fund’s transfer agent are eligible to hold Class C shares of the Fund only until the month of the 8-year anniversary of the purchase date. In the month of the 8-year anniversary of the purchase date, the Fund will convert such an investor’s Class C shares into Class A shares. This conversion will not be subject to any sales charge, fee, or other charge, and will be based on the relative NAVs of the two classes in question. The Internal Revenue Service currently takes the position that such conversions are not taxable. Should its position change, the conversion feature may be suspended. If this were to happen, you would have the option of instructing the Fund to continue to convert your Class C shares of the Fund to Class A shares of the Fund at the anniversary date described above. This conversion would also be based on the relative NAVs of the two classes in question, without the imposition of a sales charge or fee, but you might face certain tax consequences as a result. Shareholders should consult with their tax advisor regarding the state and local tax consequences of such conversions.

 

Investors holding Class C shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary in “street name” may be subject to different eligibility requirements regarding the holding of Class C shares of the Fund. In this regard, a financial intermediary may sponsor and/or control accounts, programs or platforms that impose a different conversion schedule or different eligibility requirements for the conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares. In these cases, Class C shares of the Fund may be converted to Class A shares under the policies of the financial intermediary and the conversion may be structured as an exchange of Class C shares for Class A shares of the Fund. Financial intermediaries will be responsible for making such exchanges in those circumstances.

 

29

 

 

Please consult with your financial intermediary if you have any questions regarding your shares’ conversion from Class C shares to Class A shares. To the extent a financial intermediary’s policies provide for no such conversion, or for a conversion schedule that extends beyond the month of the 8-year anniversary of the purchase date, investors holding Class C shares through such financial intermediary may be disadvantaged relative to investors holding Class C shares either at the Fund’s transfer agent or through another financial intermediary. Because Class C shares pay higher ongoing asset-based distribution and shareholder servicing fees than Class A shares, financial intermediaries may have a conflict of interest in establishing their relevant conversion schedules and eligibility requirements. Additional information can be found in Appendix A, “Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries,” attached to the Fund’s prospectus.

 

Conversion Among Classes Based on Eligibility Criteria. Shareholders who hold their shares of the Fund directly at the Fund’s transfer agent are only eligible to hold the class of Fund shares with the lowest Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees for which such shareholders are otherwise eligible to purchase or hold based on the minimum investment requirements and other eligibility criteria for that class.

 

In determining whether a shareholder is eligible to continue to hold any particular class of Fund shares, the Adviser considers each class’s minimum investment requirements and other eligibility criteria. See “Classes of Shares” herein.

 

The Adviser will make the foregoing eligibility determinations at least once per calendar year (the “Determination Date”). Based on this determination, if a shareholder who holds its shares directly at the Fund’s transfer agent is eligible to hold a class of Fund shares with lower Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees, any of such shareholder’s shares not already held as that class will be converted to that class within approximately 30 calendar days following the Determination Date. In no event will a shareholder’s shares be converted to a class of shares bearing higher Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees, irrespective of the foregoing eligibility determinations.

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the conversion of a shareholder’s investment from one class of shares of the Fund to another class of shares of the Fund generally should not result in the recognition of gain or loss. Thus, in general, the shareholder’s tax basis in the new class of shares immediately after the conversion should equal the shareholder’s tax basis in the converted shares immediately before the conversion, and the holding period of the new class of shares should include the holding period of the converted shares.

 

REDEMPTION OF SHARES

 

You can redeem shares of the Fund on any Business Day. The Fund may temporarily stop redeeming its shares beyond seven (7) days when the NYSE is closed, when trading on the NYSE is restricted (as determined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)), or when an emergency exists (as determined by the SEC), and the Fund cannot sell its portfolio securities or accurately determine the value of its assets, or if the SEC orders the Fund to suspend redemptions.

 

The Fund redeems its shares based on the NAV per share next determined after the time as of which the Fund or, if applicable, its authorized designee, receives your redemption request in proper form, subject in some cases to a redemption fee or a CDSC, as described under “Classes of Shares — Contingent Deferred Sales Charges” or a redemption fee as described below in this section. See “Pricing of Fund Shares”

 

30

 

 

herein for a description of the calculation of NAV. A redemption is a taxable event to you on which you would realize gain or loss (subject to certain limitations on the deductibility of losses). In instances where a redemption fee is triggered, a CDSC may also apply, as described in greater detail in other parts of this prospectus. The purchase and redemption of shares under the ReFlow Liquidity Program are exempt from the 2.00% short term trading fee policy that is described below, as these transactions do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns.

 

You may redeem shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary that has entered into a selling agreement with the Distributor. The broker-dealer or other financial intermediary will transmit a redemption order to SS&C GIDS on your behalf. The redemption request will be effected at the NAV next determined (less any applicable CDSC) after the Fund or, if applicable, its authorized designee, receives the request in proper form. If you hold share certificates, you must present the certificates endorsed for transfer.

 

The Fund is intended for long term investors and not for those who wish to trade frequently in Fund shares. The Fund believes that excessive short term trading of Fund shares creates risks for the Fund and its long term shareholders, including interference with efficient portfolio management, increased administrative and brokerage costs, and potential dilution in the value of Fund shares.

 

In addition, because the Fund may invest in foreign securities traded primarily on markets that close prior to the time the Fund determines its NAV, frequent trading by some shareholders may, in certain circumstances, dilute the value of Fund shares held by other shareholders. This may occur when an event that affects the value of the foreign securities takes place after the close of the primary foreign market, but before the time that the Fund determines its NAV. Certain investors may seek to take advantage of the fact that there will be a delay in the adjustment of the market price for a security caused by this event until the foreign market reopens (referred to as price arbitrage). If this occurs, frequent traders who attempt this type of price arbitrage may dilute the value of the Fund’s shares to the extent they receive shares or proceeds based upon NAVs that have been calculated using the closing market prices for foreign securities, if those prices have not been adjusted to reflect a change in the fair value of the foreign securities. In an effort to prevent price arbitrage, the Fund has procedures designed to adjust closing market prices of foreign securities before it calculates its NAV when it believes such an event has occurred that will have more than a minimal effect on the NAV. Prices are adjusted to reflect what the Fund believes are the fair values of these foreign securities at the time the Fund determines its NAV (called fair value pricing). Fair value pricing, however, involves judgments that are inherently subjective and inexact since it is not always possible to be sure when an event will affect a market price and to what extent. As a result, there can be no assurance that fair value pricing will always eliminate the risk of price arbitrage.

 

In order to discourage frequent short term trading in Fund shares, the Fund has adopted policies and procedures that impose a 2.00% redemption fee (short term trading fee) on shares that are redeemed or exchanged within seven days of a purchase. This fee is calculated based on the shares’ aggregate NAV on the date of redemption and deducted from the redemption proceeds. The redemption fee is not a sales charge; it is retained by the Fund and does not benefit the Fund’s Adviser, the Distributor, or any third party. For purposes of computing the redemption fee, shares will be redeemed in reverse order of purchase (the latest shares acquired will be treated as being redeemed first). Redemptions to which the fee applies include redemption of shares resulting from an exchange made pursuant to the Fund’s exchange privilege. The redemption fee will not apply to redemptions of shares where (i) the shares were purchased through

 

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automatic reinvestment of dividends or other distributions, (ii) the redemption is initiated by the Fund, (iii) the shares were purchased through programs that collect the redemption fees at the program level and remit them to the Fund, or (iv) the shares were purchased through programs that the Adviser determines to have appropriate anti-short term trading policies in place or as to which the Adviser has received assurances that look through redemption fee procedures or effective anti-short term trading policies and procedures are in place.

 

While the Fund has entered into information sharing agreements with financial intermediaries which contractually require such financial intermediaries to provide the Fund with information relating to their customers investing in the Fund through non-disclosed or omnibus accounts, the Fund cannot guarantee the accuracy of the information provided to it from financial intermediaries and may not always be able to track short term trading effected through these financial intermediaries. In addition, because the Fund is required to rely on information provided by the financial intermediary as to the applicable redemption fee, the Fund cannot guarantee that the financial intermediary is always imposing such fee on the underlying shareholder in accordance with the Fund’s policies. Subject to the exclusions discussed above, the Fund seeks to apply these policies uniformly.

 

Certain financial intermediaries may have procedures which differ from those of the Fund to collect the redemption fees or that prevent or restrict frequent trading. Investors should refer to their intermediary’s policies on frequent trading restrictions.

 

The Fund continues to reserve all rights, including the right to refuse any purchase request (including requests to purchase by exchange) from any person or group who, in the Fund’s view, is likely to engage in excessive trading or if such purchase is not in the best interest of the Fund and to limit, delay, or impose other conditions on exchanges or purchases. The Fund has adopted a policy of seeking to minimize short term trading in its shares and monitors purchase and redemption activities to assist in minimizing short term trading.

 

If you hold shares directly through the Distributor, you may redeem shares:

 

By Letter. You may mail a letter requesting the redemption of shares to: The Gabelli Funds, P.O. Box 219204, Kansas City, MO 64121-9204. Your letter should state the name of the fund(s) and the share class, the dollar amount or number of shares you wish to redeem, and your account number. You must sign the letter in exactly the same way the account is registered and, if there is more than one owner of shares, all owners must sign. A medallion signature guarantee is required for each signature on your redemption letter. You can obtain a medallion signature guarantee from financial institutions such as commercial banks, broker-dealers, savings banks, and credit unions. A notary public cannot provide a medallion signature guarantee.

 

By Telephone or the Internet. Unless you have requested that telephone or Internet redemptions from your account not be permitted, you may redeem your shares in an account (excluding an IRA) directly registered with SS&C GIDS by calling either 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554) or 800-872-5365 (617-328-5000 from outside the United States), or by visiting our website at www.gabelli.com. You may not redeem Fund shares held through an IRA through the Internet. IRA holders should consult a tax adviser concerning the current tax rules applicable to IRAs. If SS&C GIDS properly acts on telephone or Internet instructions after following reasonable procedures to protect against unauthorized transactions, neither SS&C GIDS nor the Fund will be responsible

 

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  for any losses due to unauthorized telephone or Internet transactions and instead you would be responsible. You may request that proceeds from telephone or Internet redemptions be mailed to you by check (if your address has not changed in the prior thirty days), forwarded to you by bank wire, or invested in another mutual fund advised by the Adviser (see “Exchange of Shares”). Among the procedures that SS&C GIDS may use are passwords or verification of personal information. The Fund may impose limitations from time to time on telephone or Internet redemptions.

 

1. Telephone or Internet Redemption By Check. The Fund will make checks payable to the name in which the account is registered and will normally mail the check to the address of record within seven days.

 

2. Telephone or Internet Redemption By Bank Wire or ACH System. The Fund accepts telephone or Internet requests for wire or ACH system redemptions in amounts of at least $1,000. The Fund will send an ACH system credit or wire to either a bank designated on your subscription order form or on a subsequent letter with a medallion signature guarantee. The proceeds are normally wired on the next Business Day.

 

If you redeem shares through your broker or other financial intermediary, the broker or financial intermediary will transmit a redemption order to SS&C GIDS on your behalf. The redemption request will be effected at the NAV per share next determined (less any applicable CDSC and redemption fee, if applicable) after the Fund receives the request in proper form. If you hold share certificates, you must present the certificates endorsed for transfer.

 

Automatic Cash Withdrawal Plan. You may automatically redeem shares on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis if you have at least $10,000 in your account and if your account is directly registered with SS&C GIDS. Please call 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554) for more information about this plan.

 

Involuntary Redemption. The Fund may redeem all shares in your account (other than an IRA or Coverdell education savings account) if the value falls below $1,000 as a result of redemptions (but not as a result of a decline in NAV). You will be notified in writing before the Fund initiates such action and you will be allowed thirty days to increase the value of your account to at least $1,000.

 

Reinstatement Privilege. A shareholder in the Fund who has redeemed Class A shares may reinvest, without a sales charge, up to the full amount of such redemption at the NAV determined at the time of the reinvestment within ninety days of the original redemption. A redemption is a taxable transaction and a gain or loss may be recognized for federal income tax purposes even if the reinstatement privilege is exercised. However, any loss realized upon the redemption will not be recognized as to the number of shares acquired by reinstatement within thirty days of the redemption, in which case an adjustment will be made to the tax basis of the shares so acquired.

 

Redemption Proceeds. The Fund expects to meet redemption requests typically by selling portfolio assets, with holdings of cash and cash equivalents, or by drawing on its line of credit. In certain circumstances, the Fund may meet a redemption request in-kind, as described under “Redemption In Kind.” These methods of meeting redemption requests are expected to be used in both normal and stressed market conditions. A redemption request received by the Fund will be effected based on the NAV per share next determined after the time as of which the Fund or, if applicable, its authorized designee, receives the request. If you request redemption proceeds by wire, the Fund will normally wire the funds according to the wire instructions you

 

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provide, within three business days after receipt of your redemption request. If you request redemption proceeds by check, the Fund will normally mail the check to you within seven days after receipt of your redemption request. If you purchased your Fund shares by check or through the Automatic Investment Plan you may not receive proceeds from your redemption until the check clears or ten days following the purchase, whichever is earlier. While the Fund will delay the processing of the redemption payment until the check clears, your shares will be valued at the next determined NAV after receipt of your redemption request. Typically, the Fund receives redemption requests through the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”) system, which is utilized by financial intermediaries to submit requests on behalf of their clients or customers who hold shares of the Fund in “street name.” In such circumstances, the Fund expects redemption proceeds to be delivered via the NSCC system within three business days after receipt of a redemption request. The NSCC system is not used for shareholders whose accounts are held at the Fund’s transfer agent (as opposed to shareholders whose accounts are held in “street name” at a broker or other financial intermediary).

 

Redemption In Kind. The Fund may pay your redemption proceeds wholly or partially in portfolio securities. Specifically, the Fund may pay your redemption proceeds in portfolio securities if (a) you redeem more than $250,000 over the preceding three months, and (b) either the Adviser believes that economic conditions exist which would make payments in cash detrimental to the best interests of the Fund or you have indicated a preference to the Fund for redemptions in kind. In either such an instance, the Fund would communicate to you its intention to meet your redemption request in portfolio securities. The Fund intends to honor requests from shareholders for in kind redemptions where it is practicable to do so and otherwise in the best interest of the Fund.

 

Securities received in kind will remain subject to the risk of market fluctuations until sold; however, the Fund’s policy is only to distribute securities to you from its portfolio of investments that meet the following criteria: (i) traded on a major stock exchange and have a free float of at least $500 million, or (ii) the subject of a publicly announced takeout transaction pursuant to which each party thereto has executed a binding transaction agreement and in which there is no pending litigation challenging the completion of the transaction. In either case, the Fund will not distribute an amount of securities of a particular issuer that exceeds 25% of the average daily trading volume of such security over the preceding 20 trading days.

 

The specific security or securities to be distributed will be selected by an ad hoc committee of independent Board members pursuant to a written policy adopted by the Board, including the independent Board members. Subject to the Fund’s redemption in kind policy, and any applicable laws or regulations, the securities to be distributed could be individual securities, a representative basket of securities or a pro-rata slice of the Fund’s portfolio securities that are traded on a major stock exchange and have a free float of at least $500 million. In identifying potential individual securities to be distributed, the Fund’s redemption in kind policy favors securities with significant levels of unrealized capital appreciation and, within that category, further favors securities that are the subject of a publicly announced takeout transaction pursuant to which each party thereto has executed a binding transaction agreement and in which there is no pending litigation challenging the completion of the transaction. Any additional remainder in value owed to you between such securities and Fund shares that you submitted for redemption would be paid to you in cash. The ad hoc committee of independent Board members also has the authority to reject a redemption in kind, and require a cash redemption.

 

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Shareholders would be paid in portfolio securities without their prior consent or request only in instances where the ad hoc committee of independent Board members believes that it would be in the Fund’s best interest not to pay the redemption proceeds in cash. A redemption in kind would be a taxable event to you on which you would realize a capital gain or capital loss on your shares redeemed. Additionally, you may incur brokerage costs in converting any of the securities received to cash. The foregoing considerations apply in both normal and stressed market considerations. Redemptions in kind by ReFlow are subject to the procedures described in the section titled “Investment Objectives, Investment Strategies, and Related Risks — ReFlow Liquidity Program.” Please see “Redemption of Shares” in the SAI for additional information.

 

EXCHANGE OF SHARES

 

You can exchange shares of the Fund for shares of the same or similar class of certain other funds managed by the Adviser or its affiliates based on their relative NAVs at the time of exchange. To obtain a list of the funds whose shares you may acquire through an exchange, call 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554) or contact your broker. Class C shares will continue to age from the date of the original purchase of such shares and will assume the CDSC rate such shares had at the time of exchange. You may also exchange your shares for shares of the same class of a money market fund managed by the Adviser or its affiliates, without imposition of any CDSC at the time of exchange. Upon subsequent redemption from such money market fund or the Fund (after re-exchange into the Fund), such shares will be subject to the CDSC calculated by excluding the time such shares were held in a Gabelli money market fund. The Fund may impose limitations on, or terminate, the exchange privilege with respect to any investor at any time. You will be given notice at least sixty days prior to any material change in the exchange privilege. An exchange of shares is a taxable event to you on which you would realize a capital gain or capital loss (subject to possible limitations of deductibility).

 

In effecting an exchange:

 

you must meet the minimum investment requirements for the fund whose shares you wish to purchase through exchange;

 

if you are exchanging into a fund with a higher sales charge, you must pay the difference at the time of the exchange;

 

if you are exchanging from a fund with a redemption fee applicable to the redemption involved in your exchange, you must pay the redemption fee at the time of the exchange;

 

you will realize a taxable gain or loss because the exchange is treated as a sale for federal income tax purposes;

 

you should read the prospectus of the fund whose shares you are purchasing through exchange. Call 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554), or visit our website at www.gabelli.com to obtain the prospectus; and

 

you should be aware that a financial intermediary may charge a fee for handling an exchange for you.

 

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You may exchange shares through the Distributor, directly through the Transfer Agent, or through a financial intermediary that has entered into the appropriate selling agreement with the Distributor.

 

Exchange by Telephone. You may give exchange instructions by telephone by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554). You may not exchange shares by telephone if you hold share certificates.

 

Exchange by Mail. You may send a written request for exchanges to: The Gabelli Funds, P.O. Box 219204, Kansas City, MO 64121-9204. Your letter should state your name, your account number, the dollar amount or number of shares you wish to exchange, the name and class of the fund(s) whose shares you wish to exchange, and the name of the fund(s) whose shares you wish to acquire.

 

Exchange through the Internet. You may also give exchange instructions via the Internet at www.gabelli.com. The Fund may impose limitations from time to time on Internet exchanges.

 

Your financial intermediary may charge you a processing fee for assisting you in purchasing or redeeming shares of the Fund. This charge is set by your financial intermediary and does not benefit the Fund, the Distributor, or the Adviser in any way. It would be in addition to the sales charges and other costs, if any, described in this prospectus and must be disclosed to you by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary.

 

PRICING OF FUND SHARES

 

The Fund’s NAV is calculated separately for each class of shares on each Business Day. The NYSE is open Monday through Friday, but currently is scheduled to be closed on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day and on the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when a holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, respectively.

 

The Fund’s NAV is determined as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The NAV of each class is computed by dividing the value of the Fund’s net assets, i.e., the value of its securities and other assets less its liabilities, including expenses payable or accrued but excluding capital stock and surplus attributable to the applicable class of shares by the total number of shares of such class outstanding at the time the determination is made. The price of Fund shares for the purpose of purchase and redemption orders will be based upon the calculation of the NAV of each class next made after the time as of which the purchase or redemption order is received in proper form. Because the Fund may invest in foreign securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its shares, the NAV of the Fund’s shares may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem the Fund’s shares.

 

Equity securities listed or traded on a nationally recognized securities exchange or traded in the U.S. over-the-counter market where trades are reported contemporaneously and for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last quoted sale or a market’s official closing price at the close of the exchange’s or other market’s regular trading hours, as of or prior to the time and day as of which such value is being determined. Portfolio securities traded on more than one national securities exchange or market are valued according to the broadest and most representative market as determined by the Adviser. If there has been no sale on the day the valuation is made, the securities are valued at the mean of the closing bid

 

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and ask prices on the principal market for such security on such day. If no ask prices are quoted on such day, then the security is valued at the closing bid price on the principal market for such security on such day. If no bid or ask prices are quoted on such day, the Fund’s accounting agent will notify the Adviser and the security will be valued based on written or standing instructions from the Adviser.

 

Equity securities that are primarily traded on foreign markets, except for those that trade primarily in Latin America or South America, are generally valued at the preceding closing values of such securities on their respective exchanges. Equity securities which are primarily traded in Latin American or South American markets are valued each day approximately at the time of the close of regular trading on the NYSE as though such time were the close of trading on such Latin American or South American market and such Latin American or South American market were a U.S. market. When the NYSE is open, but the foreign market on which an equity security primarily trades is closed, such as for a foreign national holiday, the security will generally be valued at the last available closing value (subject to the Fair Value Procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act) using the prevailing exchange rate as described below. If some event occurs affecting or likely to affect the price of an equity security or group of equity securities to a significant extent including but not limited to material market movement, changes in market conditions after a foreign market closes, but prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, or a company development, such as a material business development, dividend declaration, stock split or rights offering, and if adequate and timely information relating to the event is not available or is not taken into account by the pricing service, the Adviser should review the pricing furnished by the pricing service to determine whether it is appropriate in the circumstances. In such case, the Adviser will obtain market quotations from another source or will make a fair value determination of such securities using other appropriate value measurements. If the primary market for such an equity security suspends or limits trading or price movements, whether for the market as a whole or the particular security, and trading also occurs on a secondary market which has not suspended or limited trading or price movement, valuation will be based on information from the secondary market provided by the Adviser. If all markets on which such an equity security have suspended trading, the Adviser will fair value such security as provided above. Information that becomes known after the close of the NYSE, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on any business day may be assessed in determining NAV per share after the time of receipt of the information, but will not be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security determined earlier or on a prior day.

 

Initial public offering securities are initially valued at cost. Upon commencement of trading, these securities are valued like any other equity security.

 

Debt obligations (including convertible debt) for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the average of the latest bid and ask prices. If there were no ask prices quoted on such day, the security is valued using the closing bid price. Such debt obligations are valued through prices provided by a pricing service overseen by the Adviser.

 

Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies will be translated into U.S. dollars at the prevailing exchange rates as provided by an appropriate pricing service. Forward currency exchange contracts will be valued using interpolated forward exchange rates. Prevailing foreign exchange rates and forward currency foreign exchange rates may generally be obtained on a consistent basis at approximately 11:00 a.m. Eastern time, which approximates the close of the London Exchange. As available and as provided by an appropriate pricing service, translation of foreign security and currency market values will also occur with the use of foreign exchange rates obtained at the close of the NYSE, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.

 

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Certain securities are valued principally using dealer quotations. Futures contracts are valued at the closing settlement price of the exchange or board of trade on which the applicable contract is traded.

 

Over-the-counter futures and options on futures for which market quotations are readily available will be valued by quotations received from a pricing service or, if no quotations are available from a pricing service, by quotations obtained from one or more dealers in the instrument in question by the Adviser.

 

Securities and other assets for which market quotations are not readily available are fair valued as determined by the Adviser, as Valuation Designee, pursuant to Fair Value Procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. Fair valuation methodologies and procedures may include, but are not limited to: analysis and review of available financial and non-financial information about the company; comparisons with the valuation and changes in valuation of similar securities, including a comparison of foreign securities with the equivalent U.S. dollar value American Depositary Receipt securities at the close of the U.S. exchange; and evaluation of any other information that could be indicative of the value of the security.

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

 

The Fund intends to pay dividends, if any, monthly, and to distribute, at least annually, substantially all net capital gain. You may have dividends and/or capital gain distributions that are declared by the Fund reinvested automatically at NAV in additional shares of the Fund. You will make an election to receive dividends and distributions in cash or Fund shares at the time you first purchase your shares. You may change this election by notifying the Fund or your financial intermediary in writing at any time prior to the record date for a particular dividend or distribution. There are no sales or other charges by the Fund in connection with the reinvestment of dividends and capital gain distributions. Shares purchased through dividend reinvestment will receive a price without sales charge based on the NAV on the reinvestment date, which is typically the date dividends are paid to shareholders. There can be no assurance that the Fund will realize any capital gains or other income with which to pay dividends and distributions. Distributions are taxable to you whether received in cash or additional shares. This policy may be changed by the Board at any time. To the extent that distributions are in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, the distributions will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital. A dividend or capital gain distribution paid on shares purchased shortly before the record date for that dividend or distribution will generally be subject to income taxes even though the dividend or capital gain distribution represents, in substance, a partial return of capital. Dividends sourced from paid-in capital should not be considered as dividend yield or the total return from an investment in the Fund. Dividends and distributions are taxable whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. Dividends and distributions may be different for different classes of shares of the Fund.

 

Fixed Distribution Policy Risk. The Fund generally seeks to distribute a fixed amount each month to each class of shares, which amount may differ from class to class (the “Fixed Distribution Policy”). Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 19b-1 promulgated thereunder limit the number of distributions of long-term capital gain a fund may make in any particular year. Depending on the circumstances, in order to remain in compliance with Rule 19b-1, the operation of the Fund’s monthly Fixed Distribution Policy may require shareholders to pay tax on distributions at a higher rate than they otherwise would experience or

 

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may require them to make special tax filings to offset additional tax payments made by the Fund. In extreme circumstances, compliance with Rule 19b-1 could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s investment program.

 

Rule 19b-1 contains a mechanism for a fund to request relief from the SEC to spread its long-term capital gain over up to all of its distributions in the event of unforeseen circumstances. Due to a very high level of net redemptions in 2015 compared to prior years while having very large amounts of unrealized long-term capital gain and very small amounts of unrealized long-term capital loss, in order to avert adverse consequences for the Fund and its shareholders, the Fund sought and received such SEC relief for 2015. However, the Fund believes it is unlikely to be able to obtain such relief in similar circumstances in the future. Accordingly, the Fund will monitor its distribution, estimated sources of income and tax situation carefully and may modify its Fixed Distribution Policy from time to time in an effort to reduce the likelihood of material adverse impacts in the future.

 

TAX INFORMATION

 

The Fund expects that distributions will consist primarily of investment company taxable income and net capital gain. Dividends out of investment company taxable income (including distributions of net short term capital gains, i.e., gains from securities held by the Fund for one year or less) are taxable to you as ordinary income if you are a U.S. shareholder, except that certain qualified dividends may be eligible for a reduced rate (provided certain holding period and other requirements are met). Properly reported distributions of net capital gain, i.e., net long term capital gains minus net short term capital loss (“Capital Gain Dividends”), are taxable to you at long term capital gain rates no matter how long you have owned your shares. To the extent distributions are made from current earnings and profits, they are considered ordinary income or long term capital gains. Currently, distributions are expected to include return of capital distributions, which are distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits. A return of capital distribution is tax-free to the extent of a shareholder’s basis in its Fund shares and reduces the shareholder’s basis to that extent. After that basis has been reduced to zero, any excess return of capital distributions will generally be treated as capital gain. The current policy of paying a monthly distribution in excess of net investment income, together with 1940 Act limitations on the Fund’s ability to designate Capital Gain Dividends, may restrict the Fund’s ability to pay out all of its net capital gains as a Capital Gain Dividend. The Fund’s distributions, whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares of the Fund, generally will be subject to federal and, if applicable, state and local taxes. A redemption of Fund shares or an exchange of the Fund’s shares for shares of another fund will be treated for tax purposes as a sale of the Fund’s shares, and any gain you realize on such a transaction generally will be taxable. Foreign shareholders may be subject to a federal withholding tax.

 

A dividend declared by the Fund in October, November, or December and paid during January of the following year may in certain circumstances be treated as paid in December for tax purposes.

 

After the end of each year, the Fund will provide you with the information regarding any shares you redeemed and the federal tax status of any dividends or distributions you received during the previous year.

 

Certain non-corporate U.S. shareholders whose income exceeds certain thresholds will be required to pay a 3.8% Medicare tax on dividend and other investment income, including dividends received from the Fund and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of the Fund’s stock.

 

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By law, the Fund must withhold, as backup withholding, a percentage of your taxable distributions and redemption proceeds if you do not provide your correct social security or taxpayer identification number and certify that you are not subject to backup withholding, or if the Internal Revenue Service instructs the Fund to do so.

 

This summary of tax consequences is intended for general information only and is subject to change by legislative, judicial, or administrative action, and any such change may be retroactive. A more complete discussion of the tax rules applicable to you and the Fund can be found in the SAI that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. You should consult a tax adviser concerning the tax consequences of your investment in the Fund.

 

MAILINGS AND E-DELIVERY TO SHAREHOLDERS

 

In our continuing efforts to reduce duplicative mail and Fund expenses, we currently send a single copy of prospectuses and shareholder reports to your household even if more than one member in your household owns the same fund or funds described in the prospectus or report. Additional copies of our prospectuses and reports may be obtained by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554). If you do not want us to continue to consolidate your fund mailings and would prefer to receive separate mailings at any time in the future, please call us at the telephone number above and we shall resume separate mailings, in accordance with your instructions within thirty days of your request. The Fund offers electronic delivery of Fund documents. Direct shareholders of the Fund can elect to receive the Fund’s annual, semiannual, and quarterly reports, as well as manager commentaries and prospectuses via e-delivery. For more information or to sign up for e-delivery, please visit the Fund’s website at www.gabelli.com. Shareholders who purchased shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary should contact their financial intermediary to sign up for e-delivery of Fund documents, if available.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the financial performance of the Fund for the past five fiscal years of the Fund’s Class AAA, Class A, Class C, and Class I shares. The total returns in the table represent the percentage amount that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the designated class of shares (assuming reinvestment of all distributions). This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements and related notes, is included in the Fund’s Form N-CSR, which is available upon request.

 

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The Gabelli Utilities Fund

Financial Highlights

 

 

Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout each year:

 

            Income (Loss)
from Investment Operations
    Distributions                       Ratios to Average
Net Assets/Supplemental Data
 
Year Ended December 31   Net Asset Value, Beginning of Year     Net Investment Income(a)     Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments     Total from Investment Operations     Net Investment Income     Net Realized Gain on Investments     Return of Capital     Total Distributions     Redemption Fees(a)(b)     Net Asset Value, End of Year     Total Return†     Net Assets, End of Year (in 000’s)     Net Investment Income     Operating Expenses(c)     Portfolio Turnover Rate  
Class AAA                                                                                          
2024   $ 5.33     $ 0.11     $ 0.54     $ 0.65     $ (0.12 )   $ (0.32 )   $ (0.60 )   $ (1.04 )   $ 0.00     $ 4.94       13.00 %   $ 215,757       2.09 %     1.32 %     1 %
2023     6.66       0.12       (0.55 )     (0.43 )     (0.11 )     (0.17 )     (0.62 )     (0.90 )     0.00       5.33       (6.53 )     229,072       1.94       1.43       1  
2022     7.98       0.11       (0.53 )     (0.42 )     (0.08 )     (0.11 )     (0.71 )     (0.90 )     0.00       6.66       (5.41 )     278,910       1.47       1.39       2  
2021     7.60       0.14       1.12       1.26       (0.12 )     (0.05 )     (0.71 )     (0.88 )     0.00       7.98       17.49       304,540       1.76       1.36 (d)     3  
2020     8.84       0.12       (0.48 )     (0.36 )     (0.12 )     (0.09 )     (0.67 )     (0.88 )     0.00       7.60       (3.43 )     270,921       1.63       1.37 (d)     2  
Class A                                                                                                                        
2024   $ 5.49     $ 0.11     $ 0.57     $ 0.68     $ (0.12 )   $ (0.32 )   $ (0.61 )   $ (1.05 )   $ 0.00     $ 5.12       13.17 %   $ 809,839       2.08 %     1.32 %     1 %
2023     6.84       0.12       (0.57 )     (0.45 )     (0.11 )     (0.17 )     (0.62 )     (0.90 )     0.00       5.49       (6.62 )     818,667       1.94       1.43       1  
2022     8.17       0.11       (0.54 )     (0.43 )     (0.08 )     (0.11 )     (0.71 )     (0.90 )     0.00       6.84       (5.35 )     1,007,287       1.47       1.39       2  
2021     7.77       0.14       1.14       1.28       (0.12 )     (0.05 )     (0.71 )     (0.88 )     0.00       8.17       17.35       1,079,497       1.76       1.36 (d)     3  
2020     9.01       0.13       (0.49 )     (0.36 )     (0.12 )     (0.09 )     (0.67 )     (0.88 )     0.00       7.77       (3.36 )     927,341       1.64       1.37 (d)     2  
Class C                                                                                                                        
2024   $ 5.87     $ 0.12     $ 0.56     $ 0.68     $ (0.08 )   $ (0.32 )   $ (0.67 )   $ (1.07 )   $ 0.00     $ 5.48       12.21 %   $ 118,875       1.41 %     2.07 %     1 %
2023     7.30       0.09       (0.61 )     (0.52 )     (0.06 )     (0.18 )     (0.67 )     (0.91 )     0.00       5.87       (7.23 )     16,579       1.34       2.19       1  
2022     7.90       0.02       (0.32 )     (0.30 )     (0.05 )     (0.08 )     (0.17 )     (0.30 )     0.00       7.30       (6.08 )     6,215       0.97 (e)     2.21 (e)     2  
Class C1*                                                                                                                        
2023   $ 3.16     $ 0.03     $ (0.25 )   $ (0.22 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.15 )   $ (0.63 )   $ (0.88 )   $ 0.00     $ 2.06       (7.23 )%   $ 166,280       1.15 %     2.18 %     1 %
2022     4.29       0.03       (0.28 )     (0.25 )     (0.10 )     (0.09 )     (0.69 )     (0.88 )     0.00       3.16       (6.08 )     291,447       0.71       2.14       2  
2021     4.50       0.04       0.63       0.67       (0.10 )     (0.05 )     (0.73 )     (0.88 )     0.00       4.29       16.32       403,372       1.00       2.11 (d)     3  
2020     5.66       0.04       0.32       0.28       (0.09 )     (0.09 )     (0.70 )     (0.88 )     0.00       4.50       (3.98 )     438,782       0.86       2.12 (d)     2  
Class I                                                                                                                        
2024   $ 5.93     $ 0.14     $ 0.60     $ 0.74     $ (0.13 )   $ (0.32 )   $ (0.62 )   $ (1.07 )   $ 0.00     $ 5.60       13.25 %   $ 331,940       2.27 %     1.07 %     1 %
2023     7.30       0.14       (0.60 )     (0.46 )     (0.12 )     (0.18 )     (0.61 )     (0.91 )     0.00       5.93       (6.36 )     312,584       2.20       1.18       1  
2022     8.64       0.14       (0.57 )     (0.43 )     (0.09 )     (0.12 )     (0.70 )     (0.91 )     0.00       7.30       (5.10 )     362,923       1.73       1.14       2  
2021     8.15       0.17       1.20       1.37       (0.14 )     (0.05 )     (0.69 )     (0.88 )     0.00       8.64       17.66       365,294       2.01       1.11 (d)     3  
2020     9.38       0.15       (0.50 )     (0.35 )     (0.14 )     (0.09 )     (0.65 )     (0.88 )     0.00       8.15       (3.11 )     297,330       1.88       1.12 (d)     2  

 

 
* On March 25, 2024, Class C1 shares converted into Class C shares. See Note 8.
Total return represents aggregate total return of a hypothetical investment at the beginning of the year and sold at the end of the year including reinvestment of distributions and does not reflect the applicable sales charges.
(a) Per share amounts have been calculated using the average shares outstanding method.
(b) Amount represents less than $0.005 per share.
(c) The Fund received credits from a designated broker who agreed to pay certain Fund operating expenses. For all years presented, there was minimal impact on the expense ratios.
(d) Ratio of operating expenses includes advisory fee reduction on unsupervised assets. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, there was no material impact on the expense ratios.
(e) Annualized.

 

41

 

 

APPENDIX A

 

Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available through Certain Intermediaries

 

Specific intermediaries may have different policies and procedures regarding the availability of front-end sales load waivers or CDSC waivers, which are discussed below. In all instances, it is the purchaser’s responsibility to notify the Fund or the purchaser’s financial intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying the purchaser for sales charge reductions or waivers. Not all intermediaries will offer the same reductions and waivers to persons purchasing shares of the Fund. In order to receive these reductions or waivers, shareholders will have to purchase Fund shares through an intermediary offering such reductions or waivers or directly from the Fund if the Fund offers such reductions or waivers. Please see the section entitled “Classes of Shares” for more information on sales charge reductions and waivers available for different classes of shares that are available for purchase directly from the Fund. The specific sales charge waivers and/or discounts for the intermediaries below are implemented and solely administered by the particular intermediary. Please contact that intermediary to ensure that you understand the steps that you must take to qualify for available waivers and discounts.

 

The information in this Appendix A is part of, and incorporated into, the Fund’s prospectus.

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (“Merrill Lynch”)

 

Purchases or sales of front-end (i.e. Class A) or level-load (i.e., Class C) mutual fund shares through a Merrill platform or account will be eligible only for the following sales load waivers (front-end, contingent deferred, or back-end waivers) and discounts, which differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus. Purchasers will have to buy mutual fund shares directly from the mutual fund company or through another intermediary to be eligible for waivers or discounts not listed below.

 

It is the client’s responsibility to notify Merrill at the time of purchase or sale of any relationship or other facts that qualify the transaction for a waiver or discount. A Merrill representative may ask for reasonable documentation of such facts and Merrill may condition the granting of a waiver or discount on the timely receipt of such documentation.

 

Additional information on waivers and discounts is available in the Merrill Sales Load Waiver and Discounts Supplement (the “Merrill SLWD Supplement”) and in the Mutual Fund Investing at Merrill pamphlet at ml.com/funds. Clients are encouraged to review these documents and speak with their financial advisor to determine whether a transaction is eligible for a waiver or discount.

 

Front-end Load Waivers Available at Merrill
Shares of mutual funds available for purchase by employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation, and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans provided the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan. For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans
Shares purchased through a Merrill investment advisory program
Brokerage class shares exchanged from advisory class shares due to the holdings moving from a Merrill investment advisory program to a Merrill brokerage account
Shares purchased through the Merrill Edge Self-Directed platform
Shares purchased through the systematic reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same mutual fund in the same account

 

42

 

 

Shares exchanged from level-load shares to front-end load shares of the same mutual fund in accordance with the description in the Merrill SLWD Supplement
Shares purchased by eligible employees of Merrill or its affiliates and their family members who purchase shares in accounts within the employee’s Merrill Household (as defined in the Merrill SLWD Supplement)
Shares purchased by eligible persons associated with the fund as defined in this prospectus (e.g. the fund’s officers or trustees)
Shares purchased from the proceeds of a mutual fund redemption in front-end load shares provided (1) the repurchase is in a mutual fund within the same fund family; (2) the repurchase occurs within 90 calendar days from the redemption trade date, and (3) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account (known as Rights of Reinstatement). Automated transactions (i.e. systematic purchases and withdrawals) and purchases made after shares are automatically sold to pay Merrill’s account maintenance fees are not eligible for Rights of Reinstatement
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (“CDSC”) Waivers on Front-end, Back-end, and Level Load Shares Available at Merrill
Shares sold due to the client’s death or disability (as defined by Internal Revenue Code Section 22e(3))
Shares sold pursuant to a systematic withdrawal program subject to Merrill’s maximum systematic withdrawal limits as described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement
Shares sold due to return of excess contributions from an IRA account
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the investor reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulation
Front-end or level-load shares held in commission-based, non-taxable retirement brokerage accounts (e.g. traditional, Roth, rollover, SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans) that are transferred to fee-based accounts or platforms and exchanged for a lower cost share class of the same mutual fund

Front-end Load Discounts Available at Merrill: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent

Breakpoint discounts, as described in this prospectus, where the sales load is at or below the maximum sales load that Merrill permits to be assessed to a front-end load purchase, as described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement
Rights of Accumulation (ROA), as described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement, which entitle clients to breakpoint discounts based on the aggregated holdings of mutual fund family assets held in accounts in their Merrill Household
Letters of Intent (LOI), which allow for breakpoint discounts on eligible new purchases based on anticipated future eligible purchases within a fund family at Merrill, in accounts within your Merrill Household, as further described in the Merrill SLWD Supplement

 

Ameriprise Financial

 

Front-End Sales Charge Reductions on Class A Shares Purchased through Ameriprise Financial:

 

Shareholders purchasing Class A shares of the Fund through an Ameriprise Financial platform or account are eligible only for the following sales charge reductions, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus or the SAI. Such shareholders can reduce their initial sales charge on the purchase of Class A shares as follows:

 

Transaction size breakpoints, as described in this prospectus or the SAI.

 

Rights of accumulation (ROA), as described in this prospectus or the SAI.

 

Letter of intent, as described in this prospectus or the SAI.

 

43

 

 

Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares Purchased through Ameriprise Financial:

 

Shareholders purchasing Class A shares of the Fund through an Ameriprise Financial platform or account are eligible only for the following sales charge waivers, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus or the SAI. Such shareholders may purchase Class A shares at NAV without payment of a sales charge as follows:

 

Shares purchased by employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs or SAR-SEPs.

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the same fund family).

 

Shares exchanged from Class C shares of the same fund in the month of or following the seven-year anniversary of the purchase date. To the extent that this prospectus elsewhere provides for a waiver with respect to such shares following a shorter holding period, that waiver will apply to exchanges following such shorter period. To the extent that this prospectus elsewhere provides for a waiver with respect to exchanges of Class C shares for load waived shares, that waiver will also apply to such exchanges.

 

Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates and their immediate family members.

 

Shares purchased by or through qualified accounts (including IRAs, Coverdell Education Savings Accounts, 401(k)s, 403(b) TSCAs subject to ERISA and defined benefit plans) that are held by a covered family member, defined as an Ameriprise Financial advisor and/or the advisor’s spouse, advisor’s lineal ascendant (mother, father, grandmother, grandfather, great grandmother, great grandfather), advisor’s lineal descendant (son, step-son, daughter, step-daughter, grandson, granddaughter, great grandson, great granddaughter) or any spouse of a covered family member who is a lineal descendant.

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (i.e. Rights of Reinstatement).

 

CDSC Waivers on Class A and C Shares Purchased through Ameriprise Financial:

 

Fund shares purchased through an Ameriprise Financial platform or account are eligible only for the following CDSC waivers, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus or the SAI:

 

Redemptions due to death or disability of the shareholder.

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in this prospectus or the SAI.

 

Redemptions made in connection with a return of excess contributions from an IRA account.

 

Shares purchased through a Right of Reinstatement (as defined above).

 

Redemptions made as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code.

 

44

 

 

Morgan Stanley Wealth Management

 

Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Morgan Stanley Wealth Management transactional brokerage account will be eligible only for the following front-end sales charge waivers with respect to Class A shares, which may differ from and may be more limited than those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s Prospectus or SAI.

 

Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans.

 

Morgan Stanley employee and employee-related accounts according to Morgan Stanley’s account linking rules.

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions when purchasing shares of the same fund.

 

Shares purchased through a Morgan Stanley self-directed brokerage account.

 

Class C (i.e., level-load) shares that are no longer subject to a contingent deferred sales charge and are converted to Class A shares of the same fund pursuant to Morgan Stanley Wealth Management’s share class conversion program.

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (i) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (ii) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (iii) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge.

 

Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. and each entity’s affiliates (“Raymond James”)

 

Shareholders purchasing fund shares through a Raymond James platform or account, or through an introducing broker-dealer or independent registered investment adviser for which Raymond James provides trade execution, clearance, and/or custody services, will be eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this fund’s prospectus or SAI.

 

Front-end sales load waivers on Class A shares available at Raymond James

 

Shares purchased in an investment advisory program.

 

Shares purchased within the same fund family through a systematic reinvestment of capital gains and dividend distributions.

 

Employees and registered representatives of Raymond James or its affiliates and their family members as designated by Raymond James.

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Reinstatement).

 

45

 

 

A shareholder in the Fund’s Class C shares will have their shares converted at NAV to Class A shares (or the appropriate share class) of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of Raymond James.

 

CDSC Waivers on Classes A and C shares available at Raymond James

 

Death or disability of the shareholder.

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the fund’s prospectus.

 

Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account.

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations as described in the fund’s prospectus.

 

Shares sold to pay Raymond James fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Raymond James.

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.

 

Front-end load discounts available at Raymond James: breakpoints, rights of accumulation, and/or letters of intent

 

Breakpoints as described in this prospectus.

 

Rights of accumulation which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Raymond James. Eligible fund family assets not held at Raymond James may be included in the calculation of rights of accumulation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

Letters of intent which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within a fund family, over a 13-month time period. Eligible fund family assets not held at Raymond James may be included in the calculation of letters of intent only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (“OPCO”)

 

Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through an OPCO platform or account are eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.

 

Front-end Sales Load Waivers on Class A Shares available at OPCO

 

Employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans, provided that the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan.

 

Shares purchased by or through a 529 Plan.

 

Shares purchased through a OPCO affiliated investment advisory program.

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the fund family).

 

46

 

 

Shares purchased form the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same amount, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Restatement).

 

A shareholder in the Fund’s Class C shares will have their shares converted at NAV to Class A shares (or the appropriate share class) of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of OPCO.

 

Employees and registered representatives of OPCO or its affiliates and their family members.

 

Directors or Trustees of the Fund, and employees of the Fund’s investment adviser or any of its affiliates, as described in this prospectus.

 

CDSC Waivers on A, B and C Shares available at OPCO

 

Death or disability of the shareholder.

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus.

 

Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account.

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching age 70½ as described in the prospectus.

 

Shares sold to pay OPCO fees but only if the transaction is initiated by OPCO.

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.

 

Front-end load Discounts Available at OPCO: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent

 

Breakpoints as described in this prospectus.

 

Rights of Accumulation (ROA) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at OPCO. Eligible fund family assets not held at OPCO may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

Robert W. Baird & Co. (“Baird”):

 

Shareholders purchasing fund shares through a Baird platform or account are only be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus or the SAI:

 

Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Investors A-shares Available at Baird

 

  Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund.

 

  Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Baird or its affiliate and their family members as designated by Baird.

 

47

 

 

  Shares purchased using the proceeds of redemptions from a Gabelli Fund, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same accounts, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (known as rights of reinstatement).

 

  A shareholder in the Fund’s Class C shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Class A shares of the same fund if the shares are no longer subject to CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of Baird.

 

  Employer-sponsored retirement plans or charitable accounts in a transactional brokerage account at Baird, including 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans. For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs or SAR-SEPs.

 

CDSC Waivers on Class A and C shares Available at Baird

 

  Shares sold due to death or disability of the shareholder.

 

  Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus.

 

  Shares bought due to returns of excess contributions from an IRA Account.

 

  Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable Internal Revenue Service regulations as described in the Fund’s prospectus.

 

  Shares sold to pay Baird fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Baird.

 

  Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.

 

Front-End Sales Charge Discounts Available at Baird: Breakpoints and/or Rights of Accumulations

 

  Breakpoints as described in this prospectus.

 

  Rights of accumulations which entitles shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of Gabelli Fund assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Baird. Eligible Gabelli Fund assets not held at Baird may be included in the rights of accumulations calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

  Letters of Intent (LOI) allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases of Gabelli Funds through Baird, over a 13-month period of time.

 

48

 

 

The Gabelli Utilities Fund

Class AAA, A, C, and I Shares

 

 

 

For More Information:

 

For more information about the Fund, the following documents are available free upon request:

 

Annual/Semiannual Reports on Form N-CSR:

 

The Fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders on Form N-CSR contain additional information on the Fund’s investments. In the Fund’s annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year. On Form N-CSR, you will find the Fund’s annual and semi-annual financial statements.

 

Statement of Additional Information (SAI):

 

The SAI provides more detailed information about the Fund, including its operations and investment policies. It is incorporated by reference into, and is legally considered a part of, this prospectus.

 

Appendix A:

 

Appendix A to this prospectus, “Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available through Certain Intermediaries,” is a separate document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus and contains information on sales charge reductions and waivers that differ from the sales charge reductions and waivers disclosed in this prospectus and the related SAI.

 

 

You can obtain free copies of these documents and prospectuses of other funds in the

Gabelli Fund Complex, or request other information and discuss your questions about the Fund
by mail, toll free telephone, or the Internet as follows:

The Gabelli Utilities Fund

One Corporate Center

Rye, NY 10580-1422

Telephone: 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554)

www.gabelli.com

 

 

You can also view reports and other information about the Funds on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of this information can be obtained, for a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following email address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

 

 

Investment Company Act File No. 811-09397

 

 

 

 

THE GABELLI UTILITIES FUND

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

April 30, 2025

 

This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”), which is not a prospectus, describes The Gabelli Utilities Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Fund”). This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Fund’s prospectus for Class AAA, Class A, Class C, and Class I shares dated April 30, 2025. This SAI is incorporated by reference in its entirety into the Fund’s prospectus. The Fund’s financial statements, contained in the Fund’s Form N-CSR are incorporated by reference into this SAI. For a free copy of the Fund’s prospectus or financial statements to shareholders, please contact the Fund at the address, telephone number, or Internet website printed below.

 

One Corporate Center

Rye, New York 10580-1422

Telephone: 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554)

www.gabelli.com

 

CLASS

TICKER SYMBOL

AAA GABUX
A GAUAX
C GAUPX
I GAUIX

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    PAGE
GENERAL INFORMATION   1
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS   1
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS   14
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION   15
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS   17
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS   24
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES   26
DISTRIBUTION PLANS   32
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE   33
REDEMPTION OF SHARES   35
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE   35
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, AND TAXES   36
INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE INFORMATION   39
DESCRIPTION OF THE FUND’S SHARES   40
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS   40
APPENDIX A   A-1

 

i

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

The Fund is a diversified, open-end management investment company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware on May 18, 1999. The Fund commenced investment operations on August 31, 1999. The Fund’s principal office is located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422. The Fund is advised by Gabelli Funds, LLC (the “Adviser”).

 

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS

 

The Fund’s prospectus discusses the investment objective of the Fund and the principal strategies to be employed to achieve its investment objective. This SAI contains supplemental information concerning certain types of securities and other instruments in which the Fund may invest, additional strategies that the Fund may utilize in seeking to achieve its investment objective, and certain risks associated with such investments and strategies. Subject to the investment policies and restrictions contained in the prospectus and this SAI, the Fund may invest in any of the securities described below.

 

Equity Securities

 

Because the Fund may invest in the common stocks of both foreign and domestic issuers, an investment in the Fund should be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in any investment in common stocks, including the risk that the financial condition of the issuers of the Fund’s portfolio securities may become impaired or that the general condition of the stock market may worsen (both of which may contribute directly to a decrease in the value of the securities and thus in the value of the Fund’s shares). Additional risks include risks associated with the right to receive payments from the issuer which is generally inferior to the rights of creditors of, or holders of debt obligations or preferred stock issued by, the issuer. The Fund does not expect to invest in excess of 5% of its assets in securities of unseasoned issuers (companies that have operated less than three years), which, due to their short operating history, may have less information available and may not be as liquid as other securities.

 

Moreover, common stocks do not represent an obligation of the issuer and therefore do not offer any assurance of income or provide the degree of protection of debt securities. The issuance of debt securities or even preferred stock by an issuer will create prior claims for payment of principal, interest, and dividends, that could adversely affect the ability and inclination of the issuer to declare or pay dividends on its common stock or the economic interest of holders of common stock with respect to assets of the issuer upon liquidation or bankruptcy. Further, unlike debt securities, which typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (the value of which will be subject to market fluctuations prior thereto), common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity and have values that are subject to market fluctuations. Common stocks are especially susceptible to general stock market movements and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of the issuers change. These perceptions are based on unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary, and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic, or banking crises. The value of the common stocks in the Fund’s portfolio thus may be expected to fluctuate. Preferred stocks are usually entitled to rights on liquidation, which are senior to those of common stocks. For these reasons, preferred stocks generally entail less risk than common stocks. Such securities may pay cumulative dividends. Because the dividend rate and liquidation or redemption value is usually pre-established, and as they are senior to common stocks, such securities tend to have less possibility of capital appreciation.

 

Convertible Securities

 

The Fund may invest in convertible securities. In evaluating a convertible security, the Adviser places primary emphasis on the attractiveness of the underlying common stock and the potential for capital appreciation through conversion. The Fund may use convertible securities to have greater exposure to telecommunications companies that have superior growth characteristics compared with traditional public utility companies. The Fund will primarily purchase investment grade convertible debt securities having a rating of, or equivalent to, at least “BBB” (which securities may have speculative characteristics) by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Service (“S&P”), a division of S&P Global, Inc., or Baa by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or, if unrated, judged by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. However, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its assets in lower rated convertible debt securities.

 

Convertible securities may include corporate notes or preferred stock, but are primarily long term debt obligations of an issuer convertible at a stated exchange rate into common stock of the issuer. As with all debt securities, the market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, to increase as interest rates decline. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible securities of similar quality. However, when the market price of the common stock underlying a convertible security exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security tends to reflect the value of the underlying common stock. As the market price of the underlying common stock declines, the convertible security tends to trade increasingly on a yield basis, and thus may not depreciate to the same extent as the underlying common stock. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock on an issuer’s capital structure and are consequently of higher quality and entail less risk than the issuer’s common stock, although the extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security.

 

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In selecting convertible securities for the Fund, the Adviser relies primarily on its own evaluation of the issuer and the potential for capital appreciation through conversion. It does not rely on the rating of the security, or sell the security because of a change in its rating absent a change in its own evaluation of the underlying common stock and the ability of the issuer to pay principal and interest or dividends when due without disrupting its business goals. The Adviser considers interest and dividend yield only to confirm that they are reasonably consistent with prevailing rates for securities of similar quality, which provides a support level for the market price of the security. The Fund will purchase the convertible securities of highly leveraged issuers only when, in the judgment of the portfolio manager, the risk of default is outweighed by the potential for capital appreciation.

 

The issuers of debt obligations having speculative characteristics may experience difficulty paying principal and interest when due in the event of a downturn in the economy or unanticipated corporate developments. The market prices of such securities may become increasingly volatile in periods of economic uncertainty. Moreover, adverse publicity or the perceptions of investors over which the Adviser has no control, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the market price and liquidity of such investments. Although the Adviser will attempt to avoid exposing the Fund to such risks, there is no assurance that it will be successful or that a liquid secondary market will continue to be available for the disposition of such securities.

 

Corporate Debt Securities; Interest Rate Risk

 

The Fund may invest up to 25% of its assets in debt securities, including lower rated and unrated corporate debt securities (often referred to as “junk bonds”). Currently, the Fund does not expect to invest more than 10% of its assets in junk bonds. Corporate debt securities which are either unrated or have a rating below investment grade may present opportunities for significant long term capital appreciation if the ability of the issuer to repay principal and interest when due is underestimated by the market or the rating organizations. Because of its perceived credit weakness, the issuer is generally required to pay a higher interest rate and/or its debt securities may be selling at a significantly lower market price than the debt securities of issuers actually having similar strengths. When the inherent value of such securities is recognized, the market value of such securities may appreciate significantly. The Adviser believes that its research on the credit and balance sheet strength of certain issuers may enable it to select a limited number of corporate debt securities which, in certain markets, will better serve the objective of capital appreciation than alternative investments in common stocks. Of course, there can be no assurance that the Adviser will be successful. In its evaluation, the Adviser will not rely exclusively on ratings and the receipt of income is only an incidental consideration.

 

The ratings of Moody’s and S&P generally represent the opinions of those organizations as to the quality of the securities that they rate. Such ratings, however, are relative and subjective, are not absolute standards of quality and do not evaluate the market risk of the securities. Although the Adviser uses these ratings as a criterion for the selection of securities for the Fund, the Adviser also relies on its independent analysis to evaluate potential investments for the Fund. See Appendix A—“Description of Corporate Debt Ratings”.

 

As in the case of the convertible debt securities discussed above, lower rated and unrated corporate debt securities are generally considered to be more likely to default and are therefore significantly more speculative than those having an investment grade rating. They also are more subjective to market price volatility based on increased sensitivity to changes in interest rates and economic conditions or the liquidity of their secondary trading market.

 

Investments in debt securities, as well as income-producing equity securities, involve interest rate risk. When interest rates decline, the value of such securities generally rises. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of such securities generally declines. There is a risk that heightened interest rates may cause the economy to enter a recession. During an economic downturn or a sustained period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers of lower quality securities may experience financial stress and may not have sufficient revenues to meet their interest payment obligations. An issuer’s ability to service its debt obligations may also be adversely affected by specific corporate developments, its inability to meet specific projected business forecasts, or the unavailability of additional financing.

 

Investments in Warrants and Rights

 

The Fund may invest in warrants and rights (in addition to those acquired in units or attached to other securities) that entitle the holder to buy equity securities at a specific price for or at the end of a specific period of time. The Fund will do so only if the underlying equity securities are deemed appropriate by the Adviser for inclusion in the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Investing in rights and warrants can provide a greater potential for profit or loss than an equivalent investment in the underlying security, and thus can be a riskier investment. The value of a right or warrant may decline because of a decline in the value of the underlying security, the passage of time, changes in interest rates or in the dividend or other policies of the Fund whose equity underlies the warrant, a change in the perception as to the future price of the underlying security, or any combination thereof. Rights and warrants generally pay no dividends and confer no voting or other rights other than the right to purchase the underlying security.

 

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Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”)

 

The Fund may invest in MLPs, which are limited partnerships or limited liability companies usually taxable as partnerships. MLPs may derive income and gains from the exploration, development, mining or production, processing, refining, infrastructure related services transportation (including pipelines transporting gas, oil, or products thereof), storage, or the marketing of any mineral or natural resources. The value of an investment in an MLP may be directly affected by the prices of natural resources. The volatility and interrelationships of commodity prices can also indirectly affect certain MLPs due to the potential impact on the volume of commodities transported, processed, stored or distributed. The Fund’s investment in an MLP may be adversely affected by market perceptions that the performance and distributions or dividends of MLPs are directly tied to commodity prices.

 

Investments in MLPs subjects the Fund to risks associated with the specific industry or industries in which the MLPs invest, risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner, cash flow risks, dilution risks and risks related to the general partner’s right to require unit- holders to sell their common units at an undesirable time or price. Certain MLP securities may trade in lower volumes due to their smaller capitalizations, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements and lower market liquidity. MLPs are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments may not provide attractive returns.

 

Investments in Foreign Securities

 

The Fund may invest up to 40% of the value of its total assets in foreign securities or depositary receipts for foreign securities. Foreign securities investments may be affected by changes in currency rates or exchange control regulations, changes in governmental administration or economic or monetary policy (in the United States and abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations. Dividends paid by foreign issuers may be subject to withholding and other foreign taxes that may decrease the net return on these investments as compared with dividends paid to the Fund by domestic corporations. In addition, there may be less available information about foreign issuers than about domestic issuers, and some foreign issuers are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable with those of domestic issuers. Securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers and foreign brokerage commissions may be fixed or higher than in the United States. Foreign securities markets may also be less liquid, more volatile, and less subject to government supervision than those in the United States. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, confiscatory taxation, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. Foreign markets also have different clearance and settlement procedures that could cause the Fund to encounter difficulties in purchasing and selling securities on such markets and may result in the Fund missing attractive investment opportunities or experiencing loss. Securities purchased on foreign exchanges may be held in custody by a foreign branch of a domestic bank.

 

The following provides more detail on certain pronounced risks with foreign investing:

 

Foreign Currency Risk. The Fund may invest in companies whose securities are denominated or quoted in currencies other than U.S. dollars or have significant operations or markets outside of the United States. In such instances, the Fund will be exposed to currency risk, including the risk of fluctuations in the exchange rate between U.S. dollars (in which the Fund’s shares are denominated) and such foreign currencies, the risk of currency devaluations and the risks of non-exchangeability and blockage. As non-U.S. securities may be purchased with and payable in currencies of countries other than the U.S. dollar, the value of these assets measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and exchange control regulations. Fluctuations in currency rates may adversely affect the ability of the Adviser to acquire such securities at advantageous prices and may also adversely affect the performance of such assets.

 

Certain non-U.S. currencies, primarily in developing countries, have been devalued in the past and might face devaluation in the future. Currency devaluations generally have a significant and adverse impact on the devaluing country’s economy in the short and intermediate term and on the financial condition and results of companies’ operations in that country. Currency devaluations may also be accompanied by significant declines in the values and liquidity of equity and debt securities of affected governmental and private sector entities generally. To the extent that affected companies have obligations denominated in currencies other than the devalued currency, those companies may also have difficulty in meeting those obligations under such circumstances, which in turn could have an adverse effect upon the value of the Fund’s investments in such companies. There can be no assurance that current or future developments with respect to foreign currency devaluations will not impair the Fund’s investment flexibility, its ability to achieve its investment objective or the value of certain of its foreign currency-denominated investments.

 

Tax Consequences of Foreign Investing. The Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned. This treatment could increase or decrease the Fund’s ordinary income distributions to you, and may cause some or all of the Fund’s previously distributed income to be classified as a return of capital. In certain cases, the Fund may make an election to treat gain or loss attributable to certain investments as capital gain or loss.

 

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EMU and Redenomination Risk. As the European debt crisis progressed, the possibility of one or more Eurozone countries exiting the European Monetary Union (“EMU”), or even the collapse of the Euro as a common currency, arose, creating significant volatility at times in currency and financial markets generally. The effects of the collapse of the Euro, or of the exit of one or more countries from the EMU, on the U.S. and global economy and securities markets are impossible to predict and any such events could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio. Any partial or complete dissolution of the EMU could have significant adverse effects on currency and financial markets, and on the values of the Fund’s portfolio investments. If one or more EMU countries were to stop using the Euro as its primary currency, the Fund’s investments in such countries may be redenominated into a different or newly adopted currency. As a result, the value of those investments could decline significantly and unpredictably. In addition, securities or other investments that are redenominated may be subject to foreign currency risk, liquidity risk and valuation risk to a greater extent than similar investments currently denominated in Euros. To the extent a currency used for redenomination purposes is not specified in respect of certain EMU-related investments, or should the Euro cease to be used entirely, the currency in which such investments are denominated may be unclear, making such investments particularly difficult to value or dispose of. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek judicial or other clarification of the denomination or value of such securities.

 

Emerging Markets. The risks discussed above are more pronounced in securities of companies located in emerging markets. The prices of investments in emerging markets can experience sudden and sharp price swings. In many developing markets, there is less government supervision and regulation of business and industry practices (including the potential lack of strict finance and accounting controls and standards), stock exchanges, brokers, and listed companies than in more developed markets, making these investments potentially more volatile in price and less liquid than investments in developed securities markets, resulting in greater risk to investors. There is a risk in developing countries that a future economic or political crisis could lead to price controls, forced mergers of companies, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, imposition or enforcement of foreign ownership limits, seizure, nationalization, sanctions or imposition of restrictions by various governmental entities on investment and trading, or creation of government monopolies, any of which may have a detrimental effect on the Fund’s investments. Many emerging market countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation or deflation for many years, and future inflation may adversely affect the economies and securities markets of such countries. In addition, the economies of developing countries tend to be heavily dependent upon international trade and, as such, have been, and may continue to be, adversely impacted by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values, and other protectionist measures. These economies also have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with which they do business.

 

The securities markets of the countries in which the Fund may invest may also be smaller, less liquid, and subject to greater price volatility than those in the United States. In the event of a default on any investments in foreign debt obligations, it may be more difficult for the Fund to obtain or enforce a judgment against the issuers of such securities. In addition, there may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers of emerging market securities, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value of an investment in such securities. Further, the Fund’s ability to participate fully in the smaller, less liquid emerging markets may be limited by the policy restricting its investments in illiquid securities. The Fund may be subject to emerging markets risk to the extent that it invests in securities of issuers or companies which are not considered to be from emerging markets, but which have customers, products, or transactions associated with emerging markets.

 

Investing in Europe. A number of countries in the European Union (the “EU”) have experienced, and may continue to experience, severe economic and financial difficulties, increasing the risk of investing in the European markets. In particular, many EU nations are susceptible to economic risks associated with high levels of debt, notably due to investments in sovereign debt of countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Ireland. As a result, financial markets in the EU have been subject to increased volatility and declines in asset values and liquidity. Responses to these financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not work, may result in social unrest, and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and others of their debt could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets, and asset valuations around the world. Greece, Ireland, and Portugal have already received one or more “bailouts” from other Eurozone member states, and it is unclear how much additional funding they will require or if additional Eurozone member states will require bailouts in the future. One or more other countries may also abandon the euro and/or withdraw from the EU, placing its currency and banking system in jeopardy. The impact of these actions, especially if they occur in a disorderly fashion, is not clear, but could be significant and far-reaching.

 

To the extent the Fund has exposure to European markets or to transactions tied to the value of the euro, these events could negatively affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments. All of these developments may continue to significantly affect the economies of all EU countries, which in turn may have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s investments in such countries, other countries that depend on EU countries for significant amounts of trade or investment, or issuers with exposure to debt issued by certain EU countries.

 

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Brexit Risk. The United Kingdom ceased to be a member of the European Union (the “EU”) on January 31, 2020 (“Brexit”). A Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the EU and the United Kingdom (the “TCA”) took effect on May 1, 2021, and now governs the relationship between the EU and the United Kingdom. While the TCA regulates a number of important areas, significant parts of the United Kingdom economy are not addressed in detail by the TCA, including in particular the services sector, which represents the largest component of the United Kingdom’s economy. As such, there remains uncertainty as to the scope, nature and terms of the relationship between the United Kingdom and the EU and the effect and implications of the TCA. Brexit may have a negative impact on the economy and currency of the United Kingdom and EU as a result of anticipated, perceived or actual changes to the United Kingdom’s economic and political relations with the EU. Brexit may also have a destabilizing impact on the EU to the extent other member states similarly seek to withdraw from the union. Any further exits of member states from the EU, or the possibility of such exits, would likely cause additional market disruption globally and introduce new legal and regulatory uncertainties. Any or all of these challenges may affect the value of a Fund’s investments that are economically tied to the United Kingdom or the EU, and could have an adverse impact on a Fund’s performance.

 

Other Investment Companies

 

To the extent permitted by law, the Fund may invest up to 10% of the Fund’s total assets in other investment companies (not more than 5% of its total assets may be invested in any one investment company and it may not invest in more than 3% of the voting securities of any one investment company). Investments in other investment companies will cause the Fund to bear a ratable share of any such investment company’s expenses, including management fees. The Fund will also remain obligated to pay management fees to the Adviser with respect to the assets invested in any securities of another investment company. In these circumstances, the Fund’s shareholders will be subject to duplicative investment expenses.

 

The foregoing 3%/5%/10% limits may be exceeded in certain circumstances if the Fund complies with certain exemptive provisions in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and the rules thereunder.

 

Investments in Illiquid Securities

 

The Fund may invest, in the aggregate, up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. These securities include securities which are restricted for public sale, securities for which market quotations are not readily available, and repurchase agreements maturing or terminable in more than seven days. Securities freely saleable among qualified institutional investors pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and as adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), may be treated as liquid if they satisfy liquidity standards established by the Board of Trustees (the “Board”). The continued liquidity of such securities is not as well assured as that of publicly traded securities, and accordingly, the Board will monitor their liquidity. The Board will review pertinent factors such as trading activities, reliability of price information, and trading patterns of comparable securities in determining whether to treat any such security as liquid for purposes of the foregoing 15% test. To the extent the Board treats such securities as liquid, temporary impairment to trading patterns of such securities may adversely affect the Fund’s liquidity.

 

Corporate Reorganizations

 

In general, securities of companies that have announced reorganization transactions sell at a premium to their historic market price immediately prior to the announcement of the tender offer or reorganization proposal. However, the increased market price of such securities may reflect a discount to what the stated or appraised value of the security would be if the contemplated transaction is approved and consummated. Such investments may be advantageous when the discount significantly overstates the risk of the contingencies involved; significantly undervalues the securities, assets, or cash to be received by shareholders of the prospective acquiring portfolio company as a result of the contemplated transaction; or fails adequately to recognize the possibility that the offer or proposal may be replaced or superseded by an offer or proposal of greater value. The evaluation of such contingencies requires unusually broad knowledge and experience on the part of the Adviser which must appraise not only the value of the issuer and its component businesses as well as the assets or securities to be received as a result of the contemplated transaction, but also the financial resources and business motivation of the offeror as well as the dynamics of the business climate when the offer or proposal is in progress. The primary risk of this type of investing is that if the contemplated transaction is abandoned, revised, or delayed or becomes subject to unanticipated uncertainties, the market price of the securities may decline below the purchase price paid by the Fund.

 

The Fund’s investments in a single corporate reorganization transaction may be limited by its fundamental policies regarding diversification among issuers and industry concentration (see “Investment Restrictions” below). Because such investments are ordinarily short term in nature, they may increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover ratio, thereby increasing its brokerage and other transaction expenses. The Adviser intends to select investments of the type described which, in its view, have a reasonable prospect of significant capital appreciation in relation to both the risks involved and the potential of available alternate investments.

 

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When Issued, Delayed Delivery Securities, and Forward Commitments

 

The Fund may enter into forward commitments for the purchase or sale of securities, including on a “when issued” or “delayed delivery” basis in excess of customary settlement periods for the type of securities involved. In some cases, a forward commitment may be conditioned upon the occurrence of a subsequent event, such as approval and consummation of a merger, corporate reorganization, or debt restructuring, i.e., a when, as, and if issued security. When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the time of the commitment, with payment and delivery taking place in the future, generally a month or more after the date of the commitment. While the Fund will only enter into a forward commitment with the intention of actually acquiring the security, the Fund may sell the forward commitment before the settlement date if it is deemed advisable.

 

Securities purchased under a forward commitment are subject to market fluctuation, and no interest (or dividend) accrues to the Fund prior to the settlement date.

 

Repurchase Agreements

 

The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with banks and non-bank dealers of U.S. government securities which are listed as reporting dealers of the Federal Reserve Bank and which furnish collateral at least equal in value or market price to the amount of their repurchase obligation. In a repurchase agreement, the Fund purchases a debt security from a seller which undertakes to repurchase the security at a specified resale price on an agreed future date. Custody of such security is maintained by the Fund’s custodian. The resale price generally exceeds the purchase price by an amount which reflects an agreed-upon market interest rate for the term of the repurchase agreement.

 

The primary risk of entering into repurchase agreements is that if the seller defaults, the proceeds from the disposition of the underlying securities and other collateral for the seller’s obligation could be less than the repurchase price. If the seller becomes bankrupt, the Fund might be delayed in selling the collateral. Under the 1940 Act, repurchase agreements are considered loans. Repurchase agreements are usually settled within a short period such as one week or less, but could be longer. Except for repurchase agreements settled within a period of a week or less in respect to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies, or instrumentalities, the Fund’s investments in repurchase agreements are subject to the limit of investing no more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. Therefore, the Fund will not enter into repurchase agreements of a duration of more than seven days if, taken together with restricted securities and other securities for which there are no readily available quotations, more than 15% of its total assets would be so invested. These percentage limitations are fundamental and may not be changed without shareholder approval.

 

Borrowing

 

The Fund may not borrow money except for (1) short term credits from banks as may be necessary for the clearance of portfolio transactions, and (2) borrowings from banks for temporary or emergency purposes, including the meeting of redemption requests that would otherwise require the untimely disposition of its portfolio securities. Borrowing may not, in the aggregate, exceed 15% of assets after giving effect to the borrowing, and borrowing for purposes other than meeting redemptions may not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund’s assets after giving effect to the borrowing. The Fund will not make additional investments when borrowings exceed 5% of assets. The Fund may mortgage, pledge, or hypothecate up to 30% of its assets (not including the amounts borrowed) to secure such borrowings.

 

Borrowing may exaggerate the effect on net asset value per share (“NAV”) of any increase or decrease in the market value of securities purchased with borrowed funds. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of securities purchased.

 

Short Sales

 

The Fund may, from time to time, make short sales of securities it owns or has the right to acquire through conversion or exchange of other securities it owns (i.e., short sales “against the box”). In a short sale, the Fund does not immediately deliver the security sold or receive the proceeds from the sale. The market value of the securities sold short of any one issuer will not exceed either 5% of the Fund’s total assets or 5% of such issuer’s voting securities. The Fund may not make short sales or maintain a short position if it would cause more than 25% of the Fund’s total assets, taken at market value, to be held as collateral for the sales. However, short sales “against the box” are not subject to any limitation.

 

The Fund may make short sales both to obtain capital appreciation and to hedge against market risks when it believes that the price of a security may decline, causing a decline in the value of a security owned by the Fund or a security convertible into, or exchangeable for, the security.

 

The Fund’s obligation to replace the borrowed security will be secured by collateral, usually cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid securities.

 

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Swaps

 

The Fund may enter into total rate of return, credit default, or other types of swaps and related derivatives for various purposes, including gaining economic exposure to an asset or group of assets that may be difficult or impractical to acquire, or for hedging and risk management. These transactions generally provide for the transfer from one counterparty to another of certain risks inherent in the ownership of a financial asset such as a common stock or debt instrument. Such risks include, among other things, the risk of default and insolvency of the obligor of such asset, the risk that the credit of the obligor or the underlying collateral will decline, or the risk that the common stock of the underlying issuer will decline in value. The transfer of risk pursuant to a derivative of this type may be complete or partial, and may be for the life of the related asset or for a shorter period. These derivatives may be used as a risk management tool for a pool of financial assets, providing the Fund with the opportunity to gain or reduce exposure to one or more reference securities or other financial assets (each, a “Reference Asset”) without actually owning or selling such assets in order, for example, to increase or reduce a concentration risk or to diversify a portfolio. Conversely, these derivatives may be used by the Fund to reduce exposure to an owned asset without selling it.

 

Because the Fund may not own a Reference Asset, the Fund may not have any voting rights with respect to such Reference Asset, and in such cases all decisions related to the obligors or issuers of such Reference Asset, including whether to exercise certain remedies, will be controlled by the swap counterparties.

 

Total rate of return swaps and similar derivatives are subject to many risks, including the possibility that the market will move in a manner or direction that would have resulted in a gain for the Fund had the swap or other derivative not been utilized (in which case it would have been better had the Fund not engaged in the transactions), nearly unlimited exposure to changes in the value of the Reference Asset, total loss to the Fund of the entire notional amount of the swap, the risk of imperfect correlation between the risk sought to be hedged and the derivative transactions utilized, the possible inability of the counterparty to fulfill its obligations under the swap, and potential illiquidity of the instrument utilized, which may make it difficult for the Fund to close out or unwind one or more transactions.

 

Total rate of return swaps and related derivatives present certain legal, tax, and market uncertainties. There is currently little or no case law or litigation characterizing total rate of return swaps or related derivatives, interpreting their provisions, or characterizing their tax treatment. In addition, additional regulations and laws may apply to these types of derivatives that have not previously been applied.

 

There can be no assurance that future decisions construing similar provisions to those in any swap agreement or other related documents or additional regulations and laws will not have an adverse effect on the Fund if it utilizes these instruments. The Fund will monitor these risks and seek to utilize these instruments in a manner that does not lead to undue risk regarding the tax or other structural elements of the Fund. The Fund will not invest in these types of instruments if the Reference Assets are commodities except for bona fide hedging or risk management purposes. The Fund only will enter into swaps that are regulated by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) if in doing so the Fund will continue to satisfy the restrictions imposed by the CFTC under Rule 4.5.

 

Options

 

The Fund may purchase or sell listed call or put options on securities to obtain additional return or to hedge the value of the Fund’s portfolio. A call option is a contract that, in return for a premium, gives the holder of the option the right to buy from the writer of the call option the security underlying the option at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the contract. The writer of the call option has the obligation, upon exercise of the option, to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price during the option period. A put option is a contract that gives the holder the right to sell the security to the writer and obligating the writer to purchase the underlying security from the holder.

 

A written call option is “covered” if the Fund owns the underlying security subject to the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration held in a segregated account by its custodian) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held in its portfolio. A call option is also covered if the Fund holds a call on the same security as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is (1) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (2) greater than the exercise price of the call written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash, U.S. government securities or other high grade short term obligations in a segregated account held, through book-entry notations, with its custodian. Whenever the Fund is required to establish a segregated account, notations on the books of the Fund’s custodian or fund accounting agent are sufficient to constitute a segregated account. A put option is “covered” if the Fund maintains cash or other liquid portfolio securities with a value equal to the exercise price in a segregated account held with its custodian, or else holds a put on the same security as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written.

 

The Fund will write covered call options in order to receive additional income in the form of premiums which it is paid for writing options, and for hedging purposes in order to protect against possible declines in the market values of the stocks or convertible securities held in its portfolio.

 

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If the Fund has written an option, it may terminate its obligation by purchasing an option of the same series as the option previously written. However, once the Fund has been assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to terminate its obligation. Similarly, if the Fund is the holder of an option it may liquidate its position by selling an option of the same series as the option previously purchased. There can be no assurance that either a closing purchase or sale transaction can be affected when the Fund desires.

 

The Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the price of the transaction is less than the premium received from writing the option or is more than the premium paid to purchase the option; the Fund will realize a loss from a closing transaction if the price of the transaction is more than the premium received from writing the option or is less than the premium paid to purchase the option. Because call option prices generally reflect increases in the price of the underlying security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of a call option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized appreciation of the underlying security. Other principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price and price volatility of the underlying security, and the time remaining until the expiration date.

 

An option position may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for an option of the same series. Although the Fund will generally purchase or write only those options for which there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any particular option. In such event it might not be possible to close particular options, and the Fund would have to exercise such options in order to realize any profit and would incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise of call options and upon the subsequent disposition of underlying securities for the exercise of put options. If the Fund, as a covered call option writer, is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction in a secondary market, it will not be able to sell the underlying security until the option expires or it delivers the underlying security upon exercise or otherwise covers the position.

 

Options on Securities Indices

 

In addition to options on securities, the Fund may also purchase and sell call and put options on securities indices. A stock index reflects in a single number the market value of a basket of stocks. Relative values are assigned to the stocks included in an index and the value of the index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the basket of stocks. These options give the holder the right to receive a cash settlement during the term of the option based on the difference between the exercise price and the value of the index.

 

When it writes a put or call option on a securities index, the Fund is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. The Fund may offset its position in stock index options prior to expiration by entering into a closing transaction on an exchange or it may let the option expire unexercised. The Fund may write put and call options on stock indices for the purposes of increasing its gross income and protecting its portfolio against declines in the value of the securities it owns or increases in the value of securities to be acquired. In addition, the Fund may purchase put and call options on stock indices in order to hedge its investments against a decline in value or to attempt to reduce the risk of missing a market or industry segment advance. Options on stock indices are similar to options on specific securities. However, because options on stock indices do not involve the delivery of an underlying security, the option represents the holder’s right to obtain from the writer cash in an amount equal to a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in the case of a call) the closing value of the underlying stock index on the exercise date. Therefore, while one purpose of writing such options is to generate additional income for the Fund, the Fund may be required to deliver an amount of cash in excess of the market value of a stock index at such time as an option written by the Fund is exercised by the holder. The writing and purchasing of options on stock indices is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The successful use of protective puts for hedging purposes depends in part on the Adviser’s ability to predict future price fluctuations and the degree of correlation between the options and securities markets.

 

Use of options on securities indices entails the risk that trading in the options may be interrupted if trading in certain securities included in the index is interrupted. The Fund will not purchase these options unless the Adviser is satisfied with the development, depth and liquidity of the market and the Adviser believes the options can be closed out.

 

Price movements in the Fund’s portfolio may not precisely correlate with movements in the level of an index and, therefore, the use of options on indices cannot serve as a complete hedge and will depend, in part, on the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict movements in the direction of the stock market generally or of an industry particularly. Because options on securities indices require settlement in cash, the Adviser may be forced to liquidate portfolio securities to meet settlement obligations.

 

Options on Foreign Currency

 

The Fund also may buy or sell put and call options on foreign currencies. A put option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell a foreign currency at the exercise price until the option expires. A call option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the option expires. Currency options traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges may be subject to position limits which could limit the ability of the Fund to reduce foreign currency risk using such options. Over-the-counter (“OTC”) options differ from exchange-traded options in that they are two-party contracts with the price and other terms negotiated between the buyer and seller and they generally are not as liquid as exchange-traded options.

 

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Certain types of OTC options on foreign currency may now be regulated as swaps by the CFTC. The regulation of such options as swaps is an ongoing development and there can be no assurance that the regulation of these types of instruments as swaps will not have an adverse effect on the Fund. The Fund only will enter into options that are regulated by the CFTC if in doing so the Fund will continue to satisfy the restrictions imposed by the CFTC under Rule 4.5.

 

Although the Adviser will attempt to take appropriate measures to minimize the risks relating to the Fund’s writing of put and call options, there can be no assurance that the Fund will succeed in any option-writing program it undertakes.

 

Loans of Portfolio Securities

 

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to broker-dealers or financial institutions provided that the loans are callable at any time by the Fund. Loans of portfolio securities by the Fund, if and when made, (1) will be collateralized in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements, and (2) will be limited in aggregate to 33⅓% of the value of the Fund’s total assets.

 

The Fund lends its portfolio securities in order to generate revenue to defray certain operating expenses. This allows the Fund to continue to receive income on the loaned securities while also earning interest on the cash amounts deposited as collateral, which are invested in short term, highly liquid obligations.

 

Generally a loan may be terminated by the borrower on one business day’s notice, or at any time thereby requiring the borrower to redeliver the borrowed securities within the normal and customary settlement time for securities transactions. If the borrower fails to deliver the loaned securities within the normal and customary settlement time for securities transactions, the Fund may use the collateral to replace the securities and may hold the borrower liable for any excess of replacement cost over the value of the collateral pledged by the borrower. As with any extensions of credit, the Fund would be subject to the risk of delay in recovery, and in some cases even the risk of the loss of rights to the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially. However, loans of portfolio securities will only be made to firms deemed by the Adviser to be creditworthy and when the potential for income from the loans justifies the attendant risks. The Board will oversee the creditworthiness of the contracting parties on an ongoing basis. Upon termination of a loan, the borrower is required to return the securities to the Fund. Any gain or loss in the market price during the loan period would inure to the Fund. The risks associated with loans of portfolio securities are substantially similar to those associated with repurchase agreements. Thus, if the borrower petitions for bankruptcy or becomes subject to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, the law regarding the rights of the Fund is unsettled. As a result, under extreme circumstances, there may be a restriction on the Fund’s ability to sell the collateral and the Fund could suffer a loss. Moreover, because the Fund will reinvest any cash collateral it receives, as described above, the Fund is subject to the risk that the value of the investments it makes will decline and result in losses to the Fund.

 

These loses, in extreme circumstances such as the 2007-2009 financial crisis, could be substantial and have a significant adverse impact on the Fund and its shareholders.

 

When voting or consent rights that accompany loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund will follow the policy of calling the loaned securities, to be delivered within one day after notice, to permit the exercise of such rights if the matters involved would have a material effect on the Fund’s investment in such loaned securities. The Fund will pay reasonable finder’s, administrative, and custodial fees in connection with a loan of its securities, and may also pay fees to one or more securities lending agents and/or pay other fees or rebates to borrowers.

 

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures

 

The Fund may enter into futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. exchange or board of trade. Although the Fund has no current intention of using options on futures contracts, the Fund may do so at some future date, subject to the limitations stated in the preceding sentence. These investments will be made by the Fund solely for the purpose of hedging against changes in the value of its portfolio securities or securities it intends to purchase and reducing risks involved in the management of the Fund. In this regard, the Fund may enter into futures contracts or options on futures for the purchase or sale of securities indices or other financial instruments including but not limited to U.S. government securities. Futures exchanges and trading in the United States are regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act by the CFTC. The Fund only will enter into futures contracts or options on futures for the purchase or sale of securities indices or other financial instruments (including but not limited to U.S. government securities) if in doing so the Fund will continue to satisfy the restrictions imposed by the CFTC under Rule 4.5.

 

A “sale” of a futures contract (or a “short” futures position) means the assumption of a contractual obligation to deliver the reference assets underlying the contract at a specified price at a specified future time. A “purchase” of a futures contract (or a “long” futures position) means the assumption of a contractual obligation to acquire the reference assets underlying the contract at a specified price at a specified future time. Certain futures contracts, including stock and bond index futures, are settled on a net cash payment basis rather than by the sale and delivery of the reference assets underlying the futures contracts.

 

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No consideration will be paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, the Fund will be required to deposit with the broker an amount of cash or cash equivalents equal to approximately 1% to 10% of the contract amount (this amount is subject to change by the exchange or board of trade on which the contract is traded and brokers or members of such board of trade may charge a higher amount). This amount is known as “initial margin” and is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the contract. Subsequent payments, known as “variation margin”, to and from the broker will be made daily as the price of the index or security underlying the futures contract fluctuates. At any time prior to the expiration of a futures contract, the portfolio may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position, which will operate to terminate the Fund’s existing position in the contract.

 

An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account attributable to that contract, which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. The potential loss related to the purchase of an option on futures contracts is limited to the premium paid for the option (plus transaction costs). Because the value of the option purchased is fixed at the point of sale, there are no daily cash payments by the purchaser to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract; however, the value of the option does change daily and that change would be reflected in the NAV of the portfolio.

 

The success of hedging depends on the Adviser’s ability to predict movements in the prices of the hedged securities and market fluctuations. The Adviser may not be able to perfectly correlate changes in the market value of securities and the prices of the corresponding options or futures. The Adviser may have difficulty selling or buying futures contracts and options when it chooses and there may be certain restrictions on trading futures contracts and options. The Fund is not obligated to pursue any hedging strategy. While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains. In addition, particular hedging instruments may not be available, may be too costly to be used effectively, or may be unable to be used for other reasons.

 

Dodd-Frank Act Risk

 

The Dodd-Frank Act has made broad changes to the derivatives market, granted significant new authority to the CFTC and the SEC to regulate derivatives (swaps and security-based swaps) and participants in these markets. The Dodd-Frank Act is intended to regulate the derivatives market by requiring many derivative transactions to be cleared and traded on an exchange, expanding entity registration requirements, imposing business conduct requirements on dealers and requiring banks to move some derivatives trading units to a non-guaranteed affiliate separate from the deposit-taking bank or divest them altogether. The CFTC has implemented mandatory clearing and exchange-trading of certain derivatives contracts including many standardized interest rate swaps and credit default index swaps. The CFTC continues to approve contracts for central clearing. Exchange-trading and central clearing are expected to reduce counterparty credit risk by substituting the clearinghouse as the counterparty to a swap and increase liquidity, but exchange-trading and central clearing do not make swap transactions risk-free. Uncleared swaps, such as non-deliverable foreign currency forwards, are subject to certain margin requirements that mandate the posting and collection of minimum margin amounts. This requirement may result in the Fund and its counterparties posting higher margin amounts for uncleared swaps than would otherwise be the case. Certain rules require centralized reporting of detailed information about many types of cleared and uncleared swaps. Reporting of swap data may result in greater market transparency, but may subject the Fund to additional administrative burdens, and the safeguards established to protect trader anonymity may not function as expected.

 

In addition, regulations adopted by global prudential regulators now in effect require certain bank-regulated counterparties and certain of their affiliates to include in “qualified financial contracts,” including many derivatives contracts as well as repurchase agreements and securities lending agreements, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties to terminate such contracts, foreclose upon collateral, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of affiliate credit enhancements (such as guarantees) in the event that the bank-regulated counterparty and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings.

 

Derivatives Transactions Subject to Rule 18f-4

 

Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act governs the Fund’s use of derivative instruments and certain other transactions that create future payment and/or delivery obligations by the Fund. Rule 18f-4 permits the Fund to enter into Derivatives Transactions (as defined below) and certain other transactions notwithstanding the restrictions on the issuance of “senior securities” under Section 18 of the 1940 Act. Section 18 of the 1940 Act, among other things, prohibits open-end funds, including the Fund, from issuing or selling any “senior security,” other than borrowing from a bank (subject to a requirement to maintain 300% “asset coverage”). In connection with the adoption of Rule 18f-4, the SEC eliminated the asset segregation framework arising from prior SEC guidance for covering Derivatives Transactions and certain financial instruments.

 

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Under Rule 18f-4, “Derivatives Transactions” include the following: (i) any swap, security-based swap (including a contract for differences), futures contract, forward contract, option (excluding purchased options), any combination of the foregoing, or any similar instrument, under which the Fund is or may be required to make any payment or delivery of cash or other assets during the life of the instrument or at maturity or early termination, whether as margin or settlement payment or otherwise; (ii) any short sale borrowing; (iii) reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions, if the Fund elects to treat these transactions as Derivatives Transactions under Rule 18f-4; and (iv) when-issued or forward-settling securities (e.g., firm and standby commitments, including to-be-announced (“TBA”) commitments, and dollar rolls) and non-standard settlement cycle securities, unless the Fund intends to physically settle the transaction and the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade date.

 

Unless the Fund is relying on the Limited Derivatives User Exception (as defined below), the Fund must comply with Rule 18f-4 with respect to its Derivatives Transactions. Rule 18f-4, among other things, requires the Fund to (i) appoint a Derivatives Risk Manager, (ii) maintain a Derivatives Risk Management Program designed to identify, assess, and reasonably manage the risks associated with Derivatives Transactions; (iii) comply with certain value-at-risk (VaR)-based leverage limits (VaR is an estimate of an instrument’s or portfolio’s potential losses over a given time horizon and at a specified confidence level); and (iv) comply with certain Board reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

 

Rule 18f-4 provides an exception from the requirements to appoint a Derivatives Risk Manager, adopt a Derivatives Risk Management Program, comply with certain VaR-based leverage limits, and comply with certain Board oversight and reporting requirements if the Fund’s “derivatives exposure” (as defined in Rule 18f-4) is limited to 10% of its net assets (as calculated in accordance with Rule 18f-4) and the Fund adopts and implements written policies and procedures reasonably designed to manage its derivatives risks (the “Limited Derivatives User Exception”).

 

Pursuant to Rule 18f-4, if the Fund enters into reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions, the Fund will (i) aggregate the amount of indebtedness associated with all of its reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions with the amount of any other “senior securities” representing indebtedness (e.g., bank borrowings, if applicable) when calculating the Fund’s asset coverage ratio or (ii) treat all such transactions as Derivatives Transactions.

 

The requirements of Rule 18f-4 may limit the Fund’s ability to engage in Derivatives Transactions as part of its investment strategies. These requirements may also increase the cost of the Fund’s investments and cost of doing business, which could adversely affect the value of the Fund’s investments and/or the performance of the Fund.

 

Israel-Hamas Conflict Risk

 

In October 2023, Hamas terrorists infiltrated Israel’s southern border from the Gaza Strip and conducted a series of attacks on civilian and military targets. Hamas also launched extensive rocket attacks on the Israeli population and industrial centers located along Israel’s border with the Gaza Strip and in other areas within the State of Israel. Following the attack, Israel’s security cabinet declared war against Hamas, and a military campaign was initiated. These events have resulted in significant market disruptions and have adversely affected regional and global economies. Furthermore, the conflict between Israel and Hamas and the involvement of the United States and other countries could present material uncertainty and risk with respect to the Fund and the performance of the Fund’s investments or operations, and the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives. To the extent that third parties, investors, or related customer bases have material operations or assets in Israel or Palestine, they may have adverse consequences related to the ongoing conflict. The extent and duration of the military action and any market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.

 

Risks Relating to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine

 

Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine, which began in February 2022, the resulting responses by the United States and other countries, and the potential for wider conflict have increased volatility and uncertainty in the financial markets and adversely affected regional and global economies. The United States and other countries have imposed broad-ranging economic sanctions on Russia and certain Russian individuals, banking entities and corporations as a response to its invasion of Ukraine. The United States and other countries have also imposed economic sanctions on Belarus and may impose sanctions on other countries that support Russia’s military invasion. These sanctions, as well as any other economic consequences related to the invasion, such as additional sanctions, boycotts or changes in consumer or purchaser preferences or cyberattacks on governments, companies or individuals, may have unpredictable effects on financial and capital markets globally.

 

The extent and duration of Russia’s military actions and the repercussions of such actions (including any retaliatory actions or countermeasures that may be taken by those subject to sanctions) are impossible to predict, but could continue to result in significant market disruptions, including in the oil and natural gas markets, and may continue to negatively affect global supply chains (including global food supplies), inflation and global growth. These and any related events could significantly impact the Fund’s performance and the value of an investment in the Fund, even beyond any exposure the Fund may have to Russian issuers or issuers in other countries directly affected by the invasion.

 

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Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk

 

General economic and market conditions, such as interest rates, availability of credit, inflation rates, economic uncertainty, supply chain disruptions, labor shortages, energy and other resource shortages, changes in laws, trade barriers, currency exchange controls and national and international political circumstances (including governmental responses to public health crises or the spread of infectious diseases), may have long-term negative effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets and economy. These conditions have resulted in, and in many cases continue to result in, greater price volatility, less liquidity, widening credit spreads and a lack of price transparency, with many securities remaining illiquid and of uncertain value. Such market conditions may adversely affect the Fund, including by making valuation of some of the Fund’s securities uncertain and/or result in sudden and significant valuation increases or declines in the Fund’s holdings.

 

Risks resulting from any future debt or other economic crisis could also have a detrimental impact on the global economy, the financial condition of financial institutions and the Fund’s business, financial condition and results of operation. Market and economic disruptions have affected, and may in the future affect, consumer confidence levels and spending, personal bankruptcy rates, levels of incurrence and default on consumer debt and home prices, among other factors. To the extent uncertainty regarding the U.S. or global economy negatively impacts consumer confidence and consumer credit factors, the Fund could be significantly and adversely affected. Downgrades to the credit ratings of major banks could result in increased borrowing costs for such banks and negatively affect the broader economy. Moreover, Federal Reserve policy, including with respect to certain interest rates, may also adversely affect the value, volatility and liquidity of dividend- and interest-paying securities. Market volatility, rising interest rates and/or a return to unfavorable economic conditions could impair the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

 

The occurrence of events similar to those in recent years, such as localized wars, instability, new and ongoing pandemics, epidemics or outbreaks of infectious diseases in certain parts of the world, and catastrophic events such as fires, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes and global health epidemics, terrorist attacks in the U.S. and around the world, social and political discord, debt crises sovereign debt downgrades, increasingly strained relations between the U.S. and a number of foreign countries, new and continued political unrest in various countries, the exit or potential exit of one or more countries from the EU or the EMU, continued changes in the balance of political power among and within the branches of the U.S. government, government shutdowns, among others, may result in market volatility, may have long term effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets, and may cause further economic uncertainties in the U.S. and worldwide.

 

In particular, the consequences of the Russian military invasion of Ukraine, the impact on inflation and increased disruption to supply chains and energy resources may impact the Fund’s portfolio companies, result in an economic downturn or recession either globally or locally in the U.S. or other economies, reduce business activity, spawn additional conflicts (whether in the form of traditional military action, reignited “cold” wars or in the form of virtual warfare such as cyberattacks) with similar and perhaps wider ranging impacts and consequences and have an adverse impact on the Fund’s returns and NAVs. In response to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the U.S. and other countries have imposed sanctions or other restrictive actions against Russia, Russian-backed separatist regions in Ukraine, and certain banks, companies, government officials and other individuals in Russia and Belarus. Any of the above factors, including sanctions, export controls, tariffs, trade wars and other governmental actions, could have a material adverse effect on the Fund. The Fund has no way to predict the duration or outcome of the situation, as the conflict and government reactions are rapidly developing and beyond the Fund’s control. Prolonged unrest, military activities, or broad-based sanctions could have a material adverse effect on companies in which the Fund invests. Such consequences also may increase such companies’ funding costs or limit their access to the capital markets.

 

The current political climate has intensified concerns about potential trade wars between China and the U.S., as each country has imposed tariffs on the other country’s products, and between the U.S. and other nations. These actions may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry, which could have a negative impact on our performance. U.S. companies that source material and goods from China and those that make large amounts of sales in China would be particularly vulnerable to an escalation of trade tensions. Uncertainty regarding the outcome of the trade tensions and the potential for trade wars could cause the U.S. dollar to decline against safe haven currencies, such as the Japanese yen and the euro. Events such as these and their consequences are difficult to predict and it is unclear whether further tariffs may be imposed or other escalating actions may be taken in the future. Any of these effects could have a material adverse effect on the Fund.

 

Periods of volatility still remain, and risks to a robust resumption of growth persist. Market volatility, dramatic changes to interest rates and/or a return to unfavorable economic conditions may lower the Fund’s performance or impair the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

 

Economic Events and Market Risk

 

Periods of market volatility remain, and may continue to occur in the future, in response to various political, social and economic events both within and outside of the United States. These conditions have resulted in, and in many cases continue to result in, greater price volatility, less liquidity, widening credit spreads and a lack of price transparency, with many securities remaining illiquid and of uncertain value. Such market conditions may adversely affect the Fund, including by making valuation of some of the Fund’s securities uncertain and/or result in sudden and significant valuation increases or declines in the Fund’s holdings.

 

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Interest Rates. General interest rate fluctuations may have a substantial negative impact on the Fund’s investments, the value of the Fund and the Fund’s rate of return. A reduction in the interest or dividend rates on new investments relative to interest or dividend rates on current investments could also have an adverse impact on the Fund’s net investment income. An increase in interest rates could decrease the value of any investments held by the Fund that earn fixed interest or dividend rates, including debt securities, convertible securities, preferred stocks, loans and high-yield bonds, and also could increase interest or dividend expenses, thereby decreasing net income.

 

There is a risk that heightened interest rates may cause the economy to enter a recession. Any such recession would negatively impact the Fund and the investments held by the Fund. These impacts may include:

 

severe declines in the Fund’s NAVs;
     
inability of the Fund to accurately or reliably value its portfolios;
     
inability of the Fund to pay any dividends or distributions;
     
inability of the Fund to maintain its status as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”);
     
declines in the value of the Fund’s investments;
     
increased risk of default or bankruptcy by the companies in which the Fund invests;
     
increased risk of companies in which the Fund invests being unable to weather an extended cessation of normal economic activity and thereby impairing its ability to continue functioning as a going concern; and
     
limited availability of new investment opportunities.

 

Inflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money Inflation rates may change frequently and significantly as a result of various factors, including unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy and changes in economic policies, and the Fund’s investments may not keep pace with inflation, which may result in losses to Fund shareholders. As inflation increases, the real value of the Fund’s shares and dividends may decline. In addition, during any periods of rising inflation, interest rates of any debt securities held by the Fund would likely increase, which would tend to further reduce returns to shareholders. This risk is greater for fixed-income instruments with longer maturities.

 

Regulation and Government Intervention Risk

 

Changes enacted by the current presidential administration could significantly impact the regulation of financial markets in the U.S. Areas subject to potential change, amendment or repeal include trade and foreign policy, corporate tax rates, energy and infrastructure policies, the environment and sustainability, criminal and social justice initiatives, immigration, healthcare and the oversight of certain federal financial regulatory agencies and the Federal Reserve. Certain of these changes can, and have, been effectuated through executive order. It is not possible to predict which, if any, actions will be taken or, if taken, their effect on the economy, securities markets or the financial stability of the U.S. The Fund may be affected by governmental action in ways that are not foreseeable, and there is a possibility that such actions could have a significant adverse effect on the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective.

 

Additional risks arising from the differences in expressed policy preferences among the various constituencies in the branches of the U.S. government has led in the past, and may lead in the future, to short-term or prolonged policy impasses, which could, and has, resulted in shutdowns of the U.S. federal government. U.S. federal government shutdowns, especially prolonged shutdowns, could have a significant adverse impact on the economy in general and could impair the ability of issuers to raise capital in the securities markets. Any of these effects could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV.

 

In addition, the rules dealing with the U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department. The effect of legislative changes is uncertain, both in terms of the direct effect on the taxation of an investment in the Fund’s shares and their indirect effect on the value of the Fund’s assets, Fund shares or market conditions generally.

 

In addition, the U.S. government has proposed and adopted multiple regulations that could have a long-lasting impact on the Fund and on the mutual fund industry in general. The SEC’s rapid pace of rulemaking has resulted in many different final and proposed regulations that could, among other things, restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in transactions, impact flows into the Fund, fundamentally impact the mechanisms for purchases and redemptions of Fund shares and/or increase overall expenses of the Fund. These rulemakings cover topics such as the scope, design and delivery of annual and semiannual shareholder reports and related financial data, climate-related disclosures and proposals in the areas of privacy and cybersecurity. The Board designated and approved a liquidity committee (“Liquidity Committee”) to administer the Fund’s liquidity risk management program and related procedures.

 

The Fund may be affected by governmental action in ways that are not foreseeable, and there is a possibility that such actions could have a significant adverse effect on the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective.

 

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Special Risks Related to Cybersecurity

 

The Fund and its service providers are susceptible to cybersecurity risks that include, among other things, theft, unauthorized monitoring, release, misuse, loss, destruction or corruption of confidential and highly restricted data; denial of service attacks; unauthorized access to relevant systems, compromises to networks or devices that the Fund and its service providers use to service the Fund’s operations; or operational disruption or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support the Fund and its service providers. Cyberattacks are becoming increasingly common and more sophisticated, and may be perpetrated by computer hackers, cyberterrorists or others engaged in corporate espionage. Cyberattacks against or security breakdowns of the Fund or its service providers may adversely impact the Fund and its shareholders, potentially resulting in, among other things, financial losses; the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business and the Fund to process transactions; inability to calculate the Fund’s NAV; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement, or other compensation costs; and/or additional compliance costs. The Fund may incur additional costs for cybersecurity risk management and remediation purposes. In addition, cybersecurity risks may also impact issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, which may cause the Fund’s investment in such issuers to lose value. There have been a number of recent highly publicized cases of companies reporting the unauthorized disclosure of client or customer information, as well as cyberattacks involving the dissemination, theft and destruction of corporate information or other assets, as a result of failure to follow procedures by employees or contractors or as a result of actions by third parties, including actions by terrorist organizations and hostile foreign governments. Although service providers typically have policies and procedures, business continuity plans and/or risk management systems intended to identify and mitigate cyber incidents, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cybersecurity policies, plans and systems put in place by its service providers or any other third parties whose operations may affect the Fund or its shareholders. There can be no assurance that the Fund or its service providers will not suffer losses relating to cyberattacks or other information security breaches in the future.

 

Because technology is consistently changing, new ways to carry out cyberattacks are always developing. Therefore, there is a chance that some risks have not been identified or prepared for, or that an attack may not be detected, which puts limitations on the Fund’s ability to plan for or respond to a cyberattack. In addition to deliberate cyberattacks, unintentional cyber incidents can occur, such as the inadvertent release of confidential information by the Fund or its service providers. Like other funds and business enterprises, the Fund and its service providers are subject to the risk of cyber incidents occurring from time to time.

 

ReFlow Liquidity Program. The Fund may participate in the ReFlow liquidity program, which is designed to provide an alternative liquidity source for mutual funds experiencing redemptions of their shares. In order to pay cash to shareholders who redeem their shares on a given day, a mutual fund typically must hold cash in its portfolio, liquidate portfolio securities, or borrow money, all of which impose certain costs on the fund. ReFlow Fund, LLC (“ReFlow”) provides participating mutual funds with another source of cash by standing ready to purchase shares from a fund at net asset value up to the amount of the fund’s net redemptions on a given day. ReFlow then generally redeems those shares when the Fund experiences net sales, at the end of a maximum holding period determined by ReFlow, or at other times at the Fund’s or ReFlow’s discretion. In return for this service, the Fund will pay a fee to ReFlow at a rate determined by a daily auction with other participating mutual funds seeking liquidity that day. The current minimum fee rate is 0.14% of the value of the Fund shares purchased by ReFlow, although the Fund may submit a bid at a higher fee rate if it determines that doing so is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. While ReFlow holds the Fund’s shares, it has the same rights and privileges with respect to those shares as any other shareholder. However, investments in the Fund by ReFlow are exempt from the 2.00% short term trading fee policy as described in the Prospectus as these transactions do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns. In accordance with federal securities laws, ReFlow is prohibited from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. There is no assurance that ReFlow will have sufficient funds available to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs on a particular day. The Fund expects that in-kind redemptions will comprise a significant portion of redemptions paid to ReFlow. The Fund’s participation in the ReFlow program will be reviewed periodically by the Board.

 

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

 

The Fund’s investment objective and the following investment restrictions are fundamental and may not be changed without the approval of a majority of the Fund’s shareholders defined in the 1940 Act, as the lesser of (1) 67% of the Fund’s shares present at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of the Fund’s outstanding shares. In addition, as a fundamental policy the Fund will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 25% of its assets in the utilities industry. All other investment policies or practices are considered not to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without shareholder approval. If a percentage restriction on investment or the use of assets set forth below is adhered to at the time the transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changing market values or total assets of the Fund will not be considered a deviation from policy. Under such restrictions, the Fund may not:

 

1. Purchase the securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government, or any of its agencies or instrumentalities, if immediately after such purchase more than 5% of the value of its total assets would be invested in such issuer or the Fund would own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, except that up to 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to such 5% and 10% limitations;

 

14

 

 

2. Invest more than 25% of the value of its total assets in any particular industry other than the utilities industry (this restriction does not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities);

 

3. Make loans of its assets except for: (a) purchasing private or publicly distributed debt obligations, (b) engaging in repurchase agreements, and (c) lending its portfolio securities consistent with applicable regulatory requirements;

 

4. Purchase securities on margin, but it may obtain such short term credits from banks as may be necessary for the clearance of purchase and sales of securities;

 

5. Issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by applicable law;

 

6. Borrow money, except subject to the restrictions set forth in this SAI;

 

7. Mortgage, pledge, or hypothecate any of its assets except that, in connection with permissible borrowings mentioned in restriction (6) above, not more than 30% of the assets of the Fund (not including amounts borrowed) may be used as collateral and except for collateral arrangements with respect to options, futures, hedging transactions, short sales, when- issued and forward commitment transactions, and similar investment strategies;

 

8. Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the 1933 Act in disposing of a portfolio security;

 

9. Purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts except for bona fide hedging, yield enhancement and risk management purposes or invest in any oil, gas, or mineral interests;

 

10. Purchase real estate or interests therein, other than mortgage backed securities and securities of companies that invest in real estate or interests therein; or

 

11. Invest for the purpose of exercising control over management of any company (the Fund does not view efforts to affect management or business decisions of portfolio companies as investing for the purpose of exercising control).

 

Additionally, the Fund relies upon an exclusion under CFTC Rule 4.5 from the definition of “commodity pool operator” to avoid registration with the CFTC. This exclusion imposes certain trading restrictions on the Fund. These trading restrictions permit the Fund to engage in “commodity interest transactions” (collectively, futures contracts, certain option contracts, certain currency transactions and certain swaps) that include (i) “bona fide hedging” transactions, as that term is defined and interpreted by the CFTC and its staff, without regard to the percentage of the Fund’s assets committed to margin and option premiums and (ii) non-bona fide hedging transactions, provided that the Fund not enter into such non-bona fide hedging transactions if, immediately thereafter, either (a) the sum of the amount of initial margin deposits on the Fund’s existing futures or swaps positions and option or swaption premiums would exceed 5% of the market value of the Fund’s liquidating value, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such transactions, or (b) the aggregate net notional value of the Fund’s commodity interest transactions would not exceed 100% of the market value of the Fund’s liquidating value, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such transactions. In addition to meeting one of the foregoing trading limitations, the Fund may not market itself as a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the future, options or swaps markets.

 

PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION

 

Employees of the Adviser and its affiliates will often have access to information concerning the portfolio holdings of the Fund. The Fund and the Adviser have adopted policies and procedures that require all employees to safeguard proprietary information of the Fund, which includes information relating to the Fund’s portfolio holdings as well as portfolio trading activity of the Adviser with respect to the Fund (collectively, “Portfolio Holdings Information”). In addition, the Fund and the Adviser have adopted policies and procedures providing that Portfolio Holdings Information may not be disclosed except to the extent that it is (a) made available to the general public by posting on the Fund’s website or filed as part of a required filing on Form N-PORT or N-CSR, or (b) provided to a third party for legitimate business purposes or regulatory purposes that has agreed to keep such information confidential under terms approved by the Adviser’s legal department or outside counsel, as described below. The Adviser will examine each situation under (b) with a view to determine that release of the information is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders and, if a potential conflict between the Adviser’s interests and the Fund’s interests arises, to have such conflict resolved by the Chief Compliance Officer or those Trustees who are not considered to be “interested persons”, as defined in the 1940 Act (the “Independent Trustees”). These policies further provide that no officer of the Fund or employee of the Adviser shall communicate with the media about the Fund without obtaining the advance consent of the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, or General Counsel of the Adviser.

 

15

 

 

Under the foregoing policies, the Fund may disclose Portfolio Holdings Information in the circumstances outlined below. Disclosure generally may be either on a monthly or quarterly basis with no time lag in some cases and with a time lag of up to sixty days in other cases (with the exception of proxy voting services which require a regular download of data).

 

1. To regulatory authorities in response to requests for such information and with the approval of the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund;

 

2. To mutual fund rating and statistical agencies and to persons performing similar functions where there is a legitimate business purpose for such disclosure and such entity has agreed to keep such data confidential at least until it has been made public by the Adviser;

 

3. To service providers of the Fund, as necessary for the performance of their services to the Fund and to the Board where such entity has agreed to keep such data confidential at least until it has been made public by the Adviser. The Fund’s current service providers that may receive such information are its administrator, sub-administrator, custodian, independent registered public accounting firm, legal counsel, and financial printers;

 

4. To firms providing proxy voting or other proxy services provided such entity has agreed to keep such data confidential at least until it has been made public by the Adviser;

 

5. To certain broker-dealers, investment advisers, and other financial intermediaries for purposes of their performing due diligence on the Fund and not for dissemination of this information to their clients or use of this information to conduct trading for their clients. Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information in these circumstances requires the broker-dealer, investment adviser, or financial intermediary to agree to keep such information confidential at least until it has been made public by the Adviser and is further subject to prior approval of the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund and shall be reported to the Board at the next quarterly meeting; and

 

6. To consultants for purposes of performing analysis of the Fund, which analysis may be used by the consultant with its clients or disseminated to the public, provided that such entity shall have agreed to keep such information confidential at least until it has been made public by the Adviser.

 

As of the date of this SAI, the Fund makes information about its portfolio securities available to its administrator, sub-administrator, custodian, and proxy voting services on a daily basis, with no time lag, to its typesetter on a semiannual basis with a ten day time lag, to its financial printers on a quarterly basis with a forty-five day time lag, and to its independent registered public accounting firm and legal counsel on an as needed basis with no time lag. The names of the Fund’s administrator, sub-administrator, custodian, independent registered public accounting firm, and legal counsel are set forth in this SAI. The Fund’s proxy voting service is Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc., Donnelley Financial Solutions, and Appatura provide typesetting services for the Fund, and the Fund selects from a number of financial printers who have agreed to keep such information confidential at least until it has been made public by the Adviser.

 

Other than these arrangements with the Fund’s service providers and proxy voting service, the Fund does not have any ongoing arrangements to make available information about the Fund’s portfolio securities prior to such information being disclosed in a publicly available filing with the SEC that is required to include the information.

 

Disclosures made pursuant to a confidentiality agreement are subject to periodic confirmation by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund that the recipient has utilized such information solely in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Neither the Fund, nor the Adviser, nor any of the Adviser’s affiliates will accept on behalf of itself, its affiliates, or the Fund any compensation or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings of the Fund. The Board will review such arrangements annually with the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer.

 

16

 

 

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

 

Under Delaware law, the Fund’s Board is responsible for establishing the Fund’s policies and for overseeing the management of the Fund. The Board also elects the Fund’s officers who conduct the daily business of the Fund. Information pertaining to the Trustees and Officers of the Fund is set forth below.

 

Name, Position(s),
Address(1) and Year of Birth

Term of
Office and
Length of
Time Served(2)

Number of
Funds in Fund
Complex(3)
Overseen by
Trustee

Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years

Other Directorships
                 
INTERESTED TRUSTEE(4):
                 

Mario J. Gabelli

Chair

1942

Since 1999   31(6) Chair, Co-Chief Executive Officer, and Chief Investment Officer – Value Portfolios of GAMCO Investors, Inc. and Chief Investment Officer – Value Portfolios of Gabelli Funds, LLC and GAMCO Asset Management Inc.; Director/Trustee or Chief Investment Officer of other registered investment companies within the Gabelli Fund Complex; Chief Executive Officer of GGCP, Inc.; Executive Chair of Associated Capital Group, Inc.   Director of Morgan Group Holding, Co. (holding company) (2001-2019); Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of LICT Corp. (multimedia and communication services company); Director of CIBL, Inc. (broadcasting and wireless communications); Director of ICTC Group Inc. (communications) (2013-2018)
                 
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES(5):
                 

Vincent D. Enright

Trustee

1943

Since 1999   17   Former Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of KeySpan Corp. (public utility) (1994-1998)   Director of Echo Therapeutics, Inc. (therapeutics and diagnostics) (2008-2014); Director of The LGL Group, Inc. (diversified manufacturing) (2011-2014)
                 

Mary E. Hauck

Trustee

1942

Since 2000   9   Retired Senior Manager of the Gabelli-O’Connor Fixed Income Mutual Funds Management Company  
                 

Werner J. Roeder

Trustee

1940

Since 1999   20   Retired physician; Former Vice President of Medical Affairs (Medical Director) of New York Presbyterian/Lawrence Hospital (1999-2014)  

 

17

 

 

Name, Position(s),
Address(1) and Year of Birth

 

Term of
Office and
Length of
Time Served(2)

 

Principal Occupation(s)
During Past Five Years

         
OFFICERS:        
         

John C. Ball

President, Treasurer,

Principal Executive Financial & Accounting Officer

1976

  Since 2017   Senior Vice President (since 2018) and other positions (2017-2018) of GAMCO Investors, Inc.; Chief Executive Officer, G. Distributors, LLC since 2020; Officer of registered investment companies within the Gabelli Fund Complex since 2017
         

Peter Goldstein

Secretary & Vice President

1953

  Since 2020   General Counsel, GAMCO Investors, Inc. and Chief Legal Officer, Associated Capital Group, Inc. since 2021; General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer, Buckingham Capital Management, Inc. (2012-2020); Chief Legal Officer and Chief Compliance Officer, The Buckingham Research Group, Inc. (2012-2020)
         

Richard J. Walz

Chief Compliance Officer

1959

  Since 2013   Chief Compliance Officer of registered investment companies within the Gabelli Fund Complex since 2013

 

(1) Address: One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422.
(2) Each Trustee will hold office for an indefinite term until the earliest of (i) the next meeting of shareholders, if any, called for the purpose of considering the election or re-election of such Trustee and until the election and qualification of his or her successor, if any, elected at such meeting, or (ii) the date a Trustee resigns or retires, or a Trustee is removed by the Board or shareholders, in accordance with the Fund’s By-Laws and Agreement and Declaration of Trust. For officers, includes time served in prior officer positions with the Fund. Each officer will hold office for an indefinite term or until the date he or she resigns or retires or until his or her successor is elected and qualified.
(3) The “Fund Complex” or the “Gabelli Fund Complex” includes all the U.S. registered investment companies that are considered part of the same fund complex as the Fund because they have common or affiliated investment advisers.
(4) “Interested person” of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act. Mr. Gabelli is considered to be an “interested person” of the Fund because of his affiliation with the Adviser.
(5) Trustees who are not considered to be “interested persons” of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act, are considered to be “Independent” Trustees.
(6) As of December 31, 2024, there is a total of 50 registered investment companies in the Fund Complex. Of the 50 registered investment companies, Mr. Gabelli serves as a director or trustee for 31 funds, sole portfolio manager of 6 funds, and a part of the portfolio management team of 14 funds.

 

The Board believes that each Trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes, and skills on an individual basis and in combination with those of other Trustees lead to the conclusion that each Trustee should serve in such capacity. Among the attributes or skills common to all Trustees are their ability to review critically and to evaluate, question, and discuss information provided to them; to interact effectively with the other Trustees, the Adviser, the sub-administrator, other service providers, counsel, and the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as Trustees. Each Trustee’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained in large part through the Trustee’s business, consulting, or public service positions, and through experience from service as a member of the Board and one or more of the other funds in the Fund Complex, public companies, non-profit entities, or other organizations as set forth above and below. Each Trustee’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by education, professional training, and other experience.

 

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Interested Trustee:

 

Mario J. Gabelli, CFA. Mr. Gabelli is Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Mr. Gabelli is Chair, Co-Chief Executive Officer, and Chief Investment Officer – Value Portfolios of GAMCO Investors, Inc. (“GAMI”), an OTC-listed asset manager and financial services company. He is the Chief Investment Officer of Value Portfolios of Gabelli Funds, LLC and GAMCO Asset Management Inc., each of which are asset management subsidiaries of GAMI. In addition, Mr. Gabelli is Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer, a director and the controlling shareholder of GGCP, Inc. (“GGCP”), a private company that holds a majority interest in GAMI, and the Chair of MJG Associates, Inc., which acts as an investment manager of various investment funds and other accounts. He is Executive Chair of Associated Capital Group, Inc. (“Associated Capital”), a public company that provides alternative management and institutional research services, and is a majority-owned subsidiary of GGCP. Mr. Gabelli has served as Chair of LICT Corporation (“LICT”), a public company engaged in broadband transport and other communications services, since 2004 and has been the CEO of LICT since December 2010. He has also served as a director of CIBL, Inc. (“CIBL”), a public holding company that was spun-off from LICT in 2007, since 2007 and as Executive Chair since February 2020. He served as the Chair of Morgan Group Holding Co., a public holding company, from 2001 to October 2019 and as the CEO from 2001 to November 2012. Mr. Gabelli serves as Overseer of the Columbia University Graduate School of Business and as a trustee of Boston College and Roger Williams University. He serves as director of the Winston Churchill Foundation, The E.L. Wiegand Foundation, The American-Italian Cancer Foundation, and The Foundation for Italian Art and Culture. He is Chair of the Gabelli Foundation, Inc., a Nevada private charitable trust. Mr. Gabelli serves as Co-President of Field Point Park Association, Inc. Mr. Gabelli received his Bachelor’s degree from Fordham University, MBA from Columbia Business School, and honorary Doctorates from Fordham University and Roger Williams University.

 

Independent Trustees:

 

Vincent D. Enright. Mr. Enright is the Lead Independent Trustee of the Fund, Chairman of the Fund’s Audit, and ad hoc Proxy Voting Committees, and a member of the Nominating Committee and both multi-fund ad hoc Compensation Committees. He has been designated as the Fund’s Audit Committee Financial Expert. He serves on comparable or other board committees with respect to other funds in the Fund Complex on whose boards he sits. Mr. Enright was a senior executive and Chief Financial Officer of KeySpan Corp., an energy public utility, for four years. Mr. Enright is a former director of a therapeutic and diagnostic company and served as Chairman of its compensation committee and as a member of its audit committee. He is a former director of a pharmaceutical company and a diversified manufacturing company. Mr. Enright received his Bachelor’s degree from Fordham University and completed the Advanced Management Program at Harvard University.

 

Mary E. Hauck. Ms. Hauck was a Senior Manager of the Gabelli-O’Connor Fixed Income Mutual Funds Management Company. She serves on the boards of other funds in the Fund Complex. Ms. Hauck was formerly the Performing Arts Coordinator for The Sun Valley Center for the Arts in Sun Valley, Idaho; President of the Treasurer’s Fund for Gabelli-O’Connor Fixed Income Asset Management, Co.; Senior Vice President and Portfolio Manager of The Dreyfus Corp.; Senior Consultant for The Assembly Committee on Revenue and Taxation in the California Legislature; Investment Consultant for Scudder, Stevens and Clark; Investment Manager for Standard & Poor’s Counseling Corp.; Portfolio Analyst for Dodge & Cox; and Portfolio Assistant for Wells Fargo Bank. Ms. Hauck has been affiliated with the Bedford Central School District as a Board Member; Hickory Hill Figure Skating Club as a Board Member, Secretary, and President; the Skating Club of New York as a Board Member and President; and the Carl Schurz Park Association. Ms. Hauck received her Bachelor’s degree in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley.

 

Werner J. Roeder, M.D. Dr. Roeder is a retired physician with over forty-five years of experience and former Vice President of Medical Affairs (Medical Director) at New York Presbyterian/Lawrence Hospital in Bronxville, New York. As Vice President of Medical Affairs at New York Presbyterian/Lawrence Hospital, he was actively involved in personnel and financial matters concerning the hospital’s $140 million budget. He is a member of the Fund’s Audit and ad hoc Proxy Voting Committees, and a member of both multi-fund ad hoc Compensation Committees. Dr. Roeder serves on comparable or other board committees with respect to other funds in the Fund Complex on whose boards he sits. Dr. Roeder is board certified as a surgeon by The American Board of Surgery and previously served in a consulting capacity to Empire Blue Cross/Blue Shield. He obtained his Doctorate in Medicine from New York Medical College.

 

19

 

 

Trustees — Leadership Structure and Oversight Responsibilities

 

Overall responsibility for general oversight of the Fund rests with the Board. The Board has appointed Mr. Enright as the Lead Independent Trustee. The Lead Independent Trustee presides over executive sessions of the Trustees and also serves between meetings of the Board as a liaison with service providers, officers, counsel, and other Trustees on a wide variety of matters including scheduling agenda items for Board meetings. Designation as such does not impose on the Lead Independent Trustee any obligations or standards greater than or different from other Trustees. The Board has established a Nominating Committee and an Audit Committee to assist the Board in the oversight of the management and affairs of the Fund. The Board also has an ad hoc Proxy Voting Committee. Each of the Nominating, Audit, and ad hoc Proxy Voting Committees is entirely comprised of Independent Trustees. From time to time, the Board establishes additional committees or informal working groups to deal with specific matters or assigns one of its members to work with trustees or directors of other funds in the Fund Complex on special committees or working groups that deal with complex- wide matters, such as the multi-fund ad hoc Compensation Committee relating to the compensation of the Chief Compliance Officer for all the funds in the Fund Complex. (The Fund Complex also has a separate multi-fund Compensation Committee relating to the compensation of certain officers of the closed-end funds in the Fund Complex, and some of the Fund’s Trustees may from time to time also serve on this separate committee.)

 

All of the Fund’s Trustees, other than Mr. Mario J. Gabelli, are Independent Trustees and the Board believes they are able to provide effective oversight of the Fund’s service providers. In addition to providing feedback and direction during Board meetings, the Trustees meet regularly in executive session and chair all committees of the Board.

 

The Fund’s operations entail a variety of risks including investment, administration, valuation, and a range of compliance matters. Although the Adviser, the sub-administrator, and the officers of the Fund are responsible for managing these risks on a day to day basis within the framework of their established risk management functions, the Board also addresses risk management of the Fund through its meetings and those of the committees and working groups. In particular, as part of its general oversight, the Board reviews with the Adviser at Board meetings the levels and types of risks being undertaken by the Fund, and the Audit Committee discusses the Fund’s risk management and controls with the independent registered public accounting firm engaged by the Fund. The Board reviews valuation policies and procedures and oversees the valuation designee’s valuations of specific illiquid securities (see “Determination of Net Asset Value” below). The Board also receives periodic reports from the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer regarding compliance matters relating to the Fund and its major service providers, including results of the implementation and testing of the Fund’s and such providers’ compliance programs. The Board’s oversight function is facilitated by management reporting processes that are designed to provide information to the Board about the identification, assessment, and management of critical risks and the controls and policies and procedures used to mitigate those risks. The Board reviews its role in supervising the Fund’s risk management from time to time and may make changes in its discretion at any time.

 

The Board has determined that its leadership structure is appropriate for the Fund because it enables the Board to exercise informed and independent judgment over matters under its purview, allocates responsibility among committees in a manner that fosters effective oversight, and allows the Board to devote appropriate resources to specific issues in a flexible manner as they arise. The Board periodically reviews its leadership structure as well as its overall structure, composition, and functioning and may make changes in its discretion at any time.

 

Board Committees

 

The Board has established two standing committees in connection with its governance of the Fund, the Audit and Nominating Committees, and has also established an ad hoc Proxy Voting Committee. The Fund does not have a standing Compensation Committee (although some of the individuals who are Trustees of the Fund participate in multi-fund ad hoc Compensation Committees described above).

 

The Fund’s Audit Committee consists of two members: Messrs. Enright (Chairman) and Dr. Roeder, who are Independent Trustees of the Fund. The Audit Committee operates pursuant to a Charter that was most recently reviewed and approved by the Board of Trustees of the Fund on February 6, 2025. As set forth in the Charter, the function of the Audit Committee is oversight; it is management’s responsibility to maintain appropriate systems for accounting and internal control and it is the independent registered public accountants’ responsibility to plan and carry out a proper audit. The Audit Committee is generally responsible for reviewing and evaluating issues related to the accounting and financial reporting policies and practices of the Fund, its internal controls, and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain service providers, overseeing the quality and objectivity of the Fund’s financial statements and the audit thereof and to act as a liaison between the Board and the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Audit Committee met twice.

 

The Fund’s Nominating Committee consists of one members: Mr. Enright (Chairman), who is an Independent Trustee of the Fund. The Nominating Committee is responsible for selecting and recommending qualified candidates to the full Board in the event that a position is vacated or created. The Nominating Committee would consider, under procedures adopted by the Board, recommendations by shareholders if a vacancy were to exist. Such recommendations should be forwarded to the Secretary of the Fund. The Nominating Committee met once during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

 

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The Fund’s ad hoc Proxy Voting Committee consists of two members: Messrs. Enright (Chairman) and Dr. Roeder, who are Independent Trustees of the Fund. Under certain circumstances and pursuant to specific procedures and guidelines, the ad hoc Proxy Voting Committee will, in place of the Fund’s Adviser, exercise complete control and discretion over the exercise of all rights to vote or consent with respect to certain securities owned by the Fund and may also determine to exercise complete control and discretion over the disposition of such securities. The ad hoc Proxy Voting Committee meets periodically on an as needed basis to consider such matters and did not meet during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

 

Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares

 

Set forth in the table below is the dollar range of equity securities in the Fund beneficially owned by each Trustee and the aggregate dollar range of equity securities in the Fund Complex beneficially owned by each Trustee as of December 31, 2024.

 

Name of Trustee

 

Dollar Range
of Equity Securities

Held in the Fund*

 

Aggregate Dollar Range
of Equity Securities

Held in Fund Complex*

         
INTERESTED TRUSTEE:        
         
Mario J. Gabelli   E   E
         
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES:        
         
Vincent D. Enright   C   E
Mary E. Hauck   C   E
Werner J. Roeder   C   E

 

* Key to Dollar Ranges – Information as of December 31, 2024
A. None
B. $1 - $10,000
C. $10,001 - $50,000
D. $50,001 - $100,000
E. Over $100,000

 

Trustee and Officer Compensation

 

No officer, director or employee of G.distributors, LLC (“G.distributors” or the “Distributor”), the Adviser, or an affiliated company receives any compensation from the Fund for serving as an Officer or Trustee of the Fund. The Fund pays each Trustee who is not considered an interested person an annual retainer of $18,000 plus $2,000 for each Board meeting attended and reimburses these Trustees for any out of pocket expenses incurred in attending meetings. (All Board committee members receive $500 per meeting attended and the Chairman of the Audit Committee and the Lead Independent Trustee each receives an annual fee of $2,000). A Trustee may receive a single meeting fee, allocated among the participating funds in the Fund Complex, for participation in certain meetings held on behalf of multiple funds. Trustees who are directors or employees of the Adviser or an affiliated company receive no compensation or expense reimbursement from the Fund.

 

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the compensation of the Fund’s Trustees. Although Officers, including the chief compliance officer, may be compensated by the Fund, no Officer or person affiliated with the Fund received compensation in excess of $60,000 from the Fund for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

 

21

 

 

COMPENSATION TABLE

 

Aggregate Compensation from Fund (fiscal year)

 

Name of Person and Position   Aggregate
Compensation
from the Fund*
    Total
Compensation
from the Fund and
Fund Complex**
 
                 
INTERESTED TRUSTEE:                
                 
Mario J. Gabelli   $ 0     $ 0  (0)
                 
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES:                
                 
Anthony J. Colavita (Deceased)   $ 18,636     $ 125,698  (18)
Vincent D. Enright   $ 31,000     $ 217,637  (17)
Mary E. Hauck   $ 26,000     $ 72,000  (9)
Werner J. Roeder   $ 26,500     $ 163,320  (20)

 

 
*

Represents the total compensation paid to such persons for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

** Represents the total compensation paid to such persons for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, by investment companies (including the Fund) or portfolios that are considered part of the same Fund Complex as the Fund because they have common or affiliated investment advisers. The parenthetical number represents the number of such investment companies and portfolios.

 

Code of Ethics

 

The Fund, its Adviser, and the Distributor have adopted a code of ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. The Code of Ethics permits personnel, subject to the Code of Ethics and its restrictive provisions, to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund.

 

Proxy Voting Policies

 

The Fund has delegated the voting of portfolio securities to the Adviser. The Adviser has adopted proxy voting policies and procedures (the “Proxy Voting Policy”) for the voting of proxies on behalf of client accounts for which the Adviser has voting discretion, including the Fund. Under the Proxy Voting Policy, portfolio securities held by the Fund are to be voted in the best interests of the Fund.

 

Normally, the Adviser exercises proxy voting discretion on particular types of proposals in accordance with guidelines (the “Proxy Voting Guidelines”) set forth in the Proxy Voting Policy. The Proxy Voting Guidelines address, for example, proposals to elect the board of directors, to classify the board of directors, to select the independent registered public accounting firm, to issue blank check preferred stock, to use confidential ballots, to eliminate cumulative voting, to require shareholder ratification of poison pills, to support fair price provisions, to require a supermajority shareholder vote for charter or bylaw amendments, to provide for director and officer indemnification and liability protection, to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock, to allow greenmail, to limit shareholders’ rights to call special meetings, to consider the non-financial effects of a merger, to limit shareholders’ rights to act by written consent, to approve executive and director compensation plans (including golden parachutes), to limit executive and director pay, to approve stock option plans, to opt in or out of state takeover statutes, and to approve mergers, acquisitions, corporate restructuring, spin-offs, buyouts, asset sales, or liquidations.

 

22

 

 

A Proxy Voting Committee (“Committee”) comprised of senior representatives of the Adviser and its affiliated investment advisers has the responsibility for the content, interpretation, and application of the Proxy Voting Guidelines. In general, the Director of Proxy Voting Services, using the Proxy Guidelines, and the analysts of GAMCO Investors, Inc. (“GAMI”), will determine how to vote on each issue. For non-controversial matters, the Director of Proxy Voting Services may vote the proxy if the vote is: (1) consistent with the recommendations of the issuer’s Board of Directors and not contrary to the Proxy Guidelines; (2) consistent with the recommendations of the issuer’s Board of Directors and is a non-controversial issue not covered by the Proxy Guidelines; or (3) the vote is contrary to the recommendations of the Board of Directors but is consistent with the Proxy Guidelines. In those instances, the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Chairman of the Committee may sign and date the proxy statement indicating how each issue will be voted. The Advisers subscribe to Institutional Shareholders Services (“ISS”) and Glass Lewis & Co. LLC (“Glass Lewis”), which supplies current information on companies, matters being voted on, regulations, trends in proxy voting and information on corporate governance issues. The information provided by ISS and Glass Lewis is for informational purposes only.

 

All matters identified by the Chairman of the Committee, the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department as controversial, taking into account the recommendations of the analysts of GAMI, will be presented to the Committee. If the Chairman of the Committee, the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department has identified the matter as one that (1) is controversial; (2) would benefit from deliberation by the Committee; or (3) may give rise to a conflict of interest between the Advisers and their clients, the Chairman of the Committee will initially determine what vote to recommend that the Advisers should cast and the matter will go before the Committee.

 

For matters submitted to the Committee, each member of the Committee will receive, prior to the meeting, a copy of the proxy statement, a summary of any views provided by the Chief Investment Officer and any recommendations by GAMI analysts. The Chief Investment Officer or the GAMI analyst may be invited to present their viewpoints. If the Director of Proxy Voting Services or the Legal Department believe that the matter before the Committee is one with respect to which a conflict of interest may exist between the Adviser and their clients, counsel may provide an opinion to the Committee concerning the conflict. If the matter is one in which the interests of the clients of one or more Advisers may diverge, counsel may so advise and the Committee may make different recommendations as to different clients. For any matters where the recommendation may trigger appraisal rights, counsel may provide an opinion concerning the likely risks and merits of such an appraisal action.

 

Where a proxy proposal raises a material conflict between the interests of the Fund’s shareholders on the one hand, and those of the Fund’s Adviser and/or the principal underwriters, on the other hand, the conflict will be brought to the ad hoc Proxy Voting Committee of the Fund to determine a resolution.

 

Each matter submitted to the Committee will be determined by the vote of a majority of the members present at the meeting. Should the vote concerning one or more recommendations be tied in a vote of the Committee, the Chairman of the Committee will cast the deciding vote. The Committee will notify the proxy department of its decisions and the proxies will be voted accordingly.

 

The Fund files Form N-PX with its complete proxy voting record for the twelve months ended June 30 no later than August 31 of each year. This filing is available without charge, upon request, by calling toll-free (800) 422-3554 and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

23

 

 

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

 

As of March 31, 2025, the following persons were known to own of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding voting securities of any class of the Fund:

 

NAME AND ADDRESS   % OF
CLASS
  NATURE OF
OWNERSHIP
         
CLASS AAA        
         

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc

Special Custody Account FBO

Exclusive Benefit of Customers

ATTN Mutual Funds

San Francisco, CA 94105-1901

  36.80%   Record*
         

National Financial Services LLC

For the Exclusive Benefit of Our Customers

Attn: Mutual Funds Dept 4th Fl

Jersey City, NJ 07310-1995

  28.80%   Record*
         

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC

For the Exclusive Benefit of Its Customers

New York, NY 10004-1965

  5.76%   Record*
         

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ 07399-0001

  5.27%   Record*
         
CLASS A        
         

RBC Capital Markets LLC

Mutual Fund Omnibus Processing

ATTN: Mutual Fund Ops Manager

Minneapolis, MN 55401-7582

  24.52%   Record*
         

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ 07399-0001

  17.49%   Record*
         

Wells Fargo Clearing Services LLC

Special Custody Account FBO

Exclusive Benefit of Customer

St. Louis, MO 63103-2523

  11.09%  

Record*

 

         

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC

For the Exclusive Benefit of Its Customers

New York, NY 10004-1965

  9.71%    Record*
         

National Financial Services LLC

For Exclusive Benefit of Our Customers

Attn: Mutual Funds Dept 4th Fl

Jersey City, NJ 07310-1995

  7.43%   Record*
         

Raymond James

Omnibus for Mutual Funds

Attn: Courtney Waller

St. Petersburg, FL 33716-1100

  5.02%   Record*
         
CLASS C        
         

Wells Fargo Clearing Services LLC

Special Custody Account FBO

Exclusive Benefit of Customer

St. Louis, MO 63103-2523

  18.88%  

Record*

 

 

24

 

 

NAME AND ADDRESS   % OF
CLASS
  NATURE OF
OWNERSHIP
         

Raymond James

Omnibus for Mutual Funds

Attn: Courtney Waller

St Petersburg, FL 33716-1100

  16.77%   Record*
         

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ 07303-2052

  11.81%   Record*
         

RBC Capital Markets LLC

Mutual Fund Omnibus Processing

ATTN: Mutual Fund Ops Manager

Minneapolis, MN 55401-7582

  10.27%   Record*
         

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC

For the Exclusive Benefit of Its Customers

New York, NY 10004-1965

  10.11%   Record*
         

National Financial Services LLC

For Exclusive Benefit of Our Customers

Attn: Mutual Funds Dept 4th Fl

Jersey City, NJ 07310-1995

  8.25%   Record*
         

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc

Special Custody Account FBO

Exclusive Benefit of Customers

ATTN Mutual Funds

San Francisco, CA 94105-1901

  6.55%   Record*
         
CLASS I        
         

Wells Fargo Clearing Services LLC

Special Custody Account FBO

Exclusive Benefit of Customer

St. Louis, MO 63103-2523

  15.46%   Record*
         

RBC Capital Markets LLC

Mutual Fund Omnibus Processing

ATTN: Mutual Fund Ops Manager

Minneapolis, MN 55401-7582

  13.35%   Record*
         

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC

For the Exclusive Benefit of its Customers

New York, NY 10004-1965

  11.13%   Record*
         

Raymond James

Omnibus for Mutual Funds

Attn: Courtney Waller

St Petersburg, FL 33716-1100

  10.26%   Record*
         

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA 92121-3091

  10.06%   Record*
         

National Financial Services LLC

For Exclusive Benefit of Our Customers

Attn: Mutual Funds Dept 4th Fl

Jersey City, NJ 07310-1995

  9.40%  

Record*

         

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ 07399-0001

  7.12%   Record*

 

* Beneficial ownership is disclaimed.
Beneficial ownership of shares representing 25% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund may be deemed to represent control, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act.

 

As of March 31, 2025, as a group, the Trustees and Officers of the Fund owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares (aggregating all classes) of the Fund. 

 

25

 

 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

 

Investment Adviser

 

The Adviser, a New York limited liability company and registered investment adviser under Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, serves as an investment adviser to registered investment companies as well as one fund that trades on the London Stock Exchange and three funds within a Luxembourg SICAV, with combined aggregate net assets of approximately $21.4 billion as of December 31, 2024. Mr. Mario J. Gabelli may be deemed a “controlling person” of the Adviser on the basis of his controlling interest in GAMI, a New York corporation, whose Class A Common Stock is traded on the OTCQX under the symbol “GAMI”. The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of GAMI. Mr. Gabelli owns a majority of the stock of GGCP, which holds a majority of the capital stock and voting power of GAMI. The Adviser has several affiliates that provide investment advisory services: GAMCO Asset Management Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of GAMI, acts as investment adviser for individuals, pension trusts, profit sharing trusts, and endowments, and as a sub-adviser to certain third party investment funds, which include registered investment companies, having assets under management of approximately of $10.7 billion as of December 31, 2024; Teton Advisors, LLC (previously Teton Advisors, Inc., with assets under management of approximately $330 million as of December 31, 2024), and its affiliated investment adviser Keeley-Teton Advisers, LLC acts as investment adviser to The TETON Westwood Funds and separately managed accounts; and Gabelli & Company Investment Advisers, Inc. (formerly, Gabelli Securities, Inc.), a wholly owned subsidiary of Associated Capital, acts as investment adviser for certain alternative investment products, consisting primarily of risk arbitrage and merchant banking limited partnerships and offshore companies, with assets under management of approximately $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2024. Teton Advisors, Inc., was spun off by GAMI in March 2009 and is an affiliate of GAMI by virtue of Mr. Gabelli’s ownership of GGCP, the principal shareholder of Teton Advisors, Inc., the parent of Teton Advisors, LLC, as of December 31, 2024. Effective December 31, 2021, Teton Advisors, Inc. completed a reorganization by transferring its entire business operations and personnel to a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Teton Advisors, LLC. Associated Capital was spun off from GAMI on November 30, 2015, and is an affiliate of GAMI by virtue of Mr. Gabelli’s ownership of GGCP, the principal shareholder of Associated Capital.

 

Affiliates of the Adviser may, in the ordinary course of their business, acquire for their own account or for the accounts of their advisory clients, significant (and possibly controlling) positions in the securities of companies that may also be suitable for investment by the Fund. The securities in which the Fund might invest may thereby be limited to some extent. For instance, many companies in the past several years have adopted so-called “poison pill” or other defensive measures designed to discourage or prevent the completion of non-negotiated offers for control of the company. Such defensive measures may have the effect of limiting the shares of the company that might otherwise be acquired by the Fund if the affiliates of the Adviser or their advisory accounts have or acquire a significant position in the same securities. However, the Adviser does not believe that the investment activities of its affiliates will have a material adverse effect upon the Fund in seeking to achieve its investment objective. Securities purchased or sold pursuant to contemporaneous orders entered on behalf of the investment company accounts of the Adviser or the advisory accounts managed by its affiliates for their unaffiliated clients are allocated pursuant to principles believed to be fair and not disadvantageous to any such accounts. In addition, all such orders are accorded priority of execution over orders entered on behalf of accounts in which the Adviser or its affiliates have a substantial pecuniary interest. The Adviser may on occasion give advice or take action with respect to other clients that differs from the actions taken with respect to the Fund. The Fund may invest in the securities of companies which are investment management clients of GAMCO Asset Management Inc. In addition, portfolio companies or their officers or directors may be minority shareholders of the Adviser or its affiliates.

 

The Adviser currently serves as an investment adviser to the Fund pursuant to an Investment Advisory Contract (the “Contract”), which was initially approved by the Fund’s sole shareholder on May 19, 1999. Pursuant to the Contract, the Adviser furnishes a continuous investment program for the Fund’s portfolio, makes the day to day investment decisions for the Fund, arranges the portfolio transactions of the Fund, and generally manages the Fund’s investments in accordance with the stated policies of the Fund, subject to the general supervision of the Board of the Fund.

 

Under the Agreement, the Adviser also (i) provides the Fund with the services of persons competent to perform such supervisory, administrative, and clerical functions as are necessary to provide effective administration of the Fund, including maintaining certain books and records and overseeing the activities of the Fund’s Custodian and Transfer Agent (as defined below); (ii) oversees the performance of administrative and professional services to the Fund by others, including the Fund’s Sub-Administrator (as defined below), State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”), the Fund’s Custodian, SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions, Inc. (“SS&C GIDS” or the “Transfer Agent”) the Fund’s Transfer Agent and Dividend Disbursing Agent, as well as accounting, auditing, and other services performed for the Fund; (iii) provides the Fund with adequate office space and facilities; (iv) supervises the preparation of, but does not pay for, the periodic updating of the Fund’s registration statement, prospectus and SAI, including the printing of such documents for the purpose of filings with the SEC and state securities administrators, the Fund’s tax returns, and reports to the Fund’s shareholders and the SEC; (v) supervises, but does not pay for, the calculation of the NAV per share of each class of shares in the Fund; (vi) supervises the preparation of, but does not pay for, all filings under the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of such states or countries as are designated by the Distributor, which may be required to register or qualify, or continue the registration or qualification, of the Fund and/or its shares under such laws; and (vii) prepares notices and agendas for meetings of the Fund’s Board and minutes of such meetings in all matters required by applicable law to be acted upon by the Board.

 

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The cost of calculating the Fund’s NAV is an expense payable by the Fund pursuant to the Contract. To the extent that a portion of the sub-administration fee is used to pay for its personnel and equipment related to calculating the NAV, the Fund will reimburse the Adviser for such expense up to $45,000. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Fund reimbursed the Adviser $45,000 in connection with the cost of computing the Fund’s NAV.

 

The Contract provides that absent willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duty, the Adviser and its employees, officers, trustees, and controlling persons are not liable to the Fund or any of its investors for any act or omission by the Adviser or for any error of judgment or for losses sustained by the Fund. However, the Contract provides that the Fund is not waiving any rights it may have with respect to any violation of law which cannot be waived. The Contract also provides indemnification for the Adviser and each of these persons for any conduct for which they are not liable to the Fund. The Contract in no way restricts the Adviser from acting as adviser to others. The Fund has agreed by the terms of the Contract that the word “Gabelli” in its name is derived from the name of the Adviser which in turn is derived from the name of Mario J. Gabelli; that such name is the property of the Adviser for copyright and/or other purposes; and that, therefore, such name may freely be used by the Adviser for other investment companies, entities, or products. The Fund has further agreed that in the event that for any reason, the Adviser ceases to be its investment adviser, the Fund will, unless the Adviser otherwise consents in writing, promptly take all steps necessary to change its name to one which does not include “Gabelli.”

 

By its terms, the Contract will remain in effect from year to year, provided each such annual continuance is specifically approved by the Fund’s Board or by a “majority” (as defined in the 1940 Act) vote of its shareholders and, in either case, by a majority vote of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called specifically for the purpose of voting on the continuance of the Contract. The Contract is terminable without penalty by the Fund on sixty days written notice when authorized either by a majority vote of its outstanding voting shares or by a vote of a majority of its Board, or by the Adviser on sixty days written notice, and will automatically terminate in the event of its “assignment” as defined by the 1940 Act.

 

As compensation for its services and the related expenses borne by the Adviser, the Fund pays the Adviser a fee, computed daily and paid monthly, at the annual rate of 1.00% of the Fund’s average daily net assets, payable out of the Fund’s net assets and allocable to each class on the basis of the assets attributable to such class.

 

Advisory Fees Paid to the Adviser by the Fund

(Fiscal Years ended December 31)

 

2024   $ 15,248,526  
2023   $ 17,458,183  
2022   $ 20,303,418  

 

27

 

 

Portfolio Manager Information

 

Other Accounts Managed

 

The information below provides summary information regarding other accounts for which each of the portfolio managers was primarily responsible for the day to day management during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

 

Name of Portfolio Manager   Type of Accounts   Total Number of
Accounts
Managed
    Total Assets     Number of
Accounts
Managed with
Advisory Fee
Based on
Performance
    Total Assets
with Advisory
Fee Based on
Performance
 
Mario J. Gabelli  Registered Investment Companies*:  22   $14.9 billion   1   $0.2 billion 
   Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:  10   $870.0 million   7   $848 million 
   Other Accounts:  806   $6.6 billion   0   $0 
                      
Timothy M. Winter  Registered Investment Companies:  3   $447.3 million   0   $0 
   Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:  0   $0   0   $0 
   Other Accounts:  9   $1.5 million   0   $0 
                      
Ashish Sinha  Registered Investment Companies:  5   $6.5 billion   0   $0 
   Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:  0   $0   0   $0 
   Other Accounts:  5   $1.4 million   0   $0 
                      
Justin Bergner  Registered Investment Companies:  4   $3.3 billion   0   $0 
   Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:  0   $0   0   $0 
   Other Accounts:  17   $4.6 million   0   $0 
                      
Robert D. Leininger  Registered Investment Companies:  2   $4.9 billion     0   $0 
   Other Pooled Investment Vehicles:  0   $0   0   $0 
   Other Accounts:  115   $122.7 million     0   $0 

 

* As of December 31, 2024, there are a total of 50 registered investment companies in the Fund Complex. Of the 50 registered investment companies, Mr. Gabelli serves as sole portfolio manager of 6 and part of the portfolio management team of 14.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest

 

Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager also has day to day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other accounts. These potential conflicts include:

 

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. Because a portfolio manager manages more than one account, he may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as if he were to devote substantially more attention to the management of only one fund.

 

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies an investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple accounts, the Fund may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity because the opportunity may need to be allocated among these accounts or other accounts managed primarily by the other portfolio managers of the Adviser and its affiliates.

 

28

 

 

Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the accounts for which the manager exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of these accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may execute differing or opposite transactions for one or more accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transactions, or both, to the detriment of one or more other accounts.

 

Selection of Broker-Dealers. A portfolio manager may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds or accounts that he supervises. In addition to providing execution of trades, some brokers and dealers provide the Adviser with brokerage and research services which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might otherwise be available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts of the Adviser and its affiliates than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the Adviser determines in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the Fund, the portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds or other accounts that the Adviser and its affiliates manage. In addition, with respect to certain types of accounts (such as pooled investment vehicles and other accounts managed for organizations and individuals) the Adviser may be limited by the client concerning the selection of brokers or may be instructed to direct trades to particular brokers. In these cases, the Adviser or its affiliates may place separate, non-simultaneous transactions in the same security for the Fund and another account that may temporarily affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment of the Fund or the other accounts. Because of Mr. Gabelli’s position with the Distributor, and his indirect ownership interest in the Distributor, he may have an incentive to use the Distributor to execute portfolio transactions for the Fund.

 

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to a portfolio manager differ among the accounts that he/she manages. If the structure of the Adviser’s management fee or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among accounts (such as where certain accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), a portfolio manager may be motivated to favor certain accounts over others. A portfolio manager also may be motivated to favor accounts in which they have an investment interest or in which the Adviser or its affiliates have investment interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain assets under management or to enhance a portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence a portfolio manager in affording preferential treatment to those accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

 

The Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to address the various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Adviser and its staff members. However, there is no guarantee that such policies and procedures will be able to detect and address every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may arise.

 

Compensation Structure for Mario J. Gabelli

 

Mr. Gabelli receives incentive-based variable compensation based on a percentage of net revenues received by the Adviser for managing the Fund. Net revenues are determined by deducting from gross investment management fees the firm’s expenses (other than Mr. Gabelli’s compensation) allocable to the Fund. Additionally, he receives similar incentive-based variable compensation for managing other accounts within GAMI and its affiliates. This method of compensation is based on the premise that superior long term performance in managing a portfolio should be rewarded with higher compensation as a result of growth of assets through appreciation and net investment activity. The level of compensation is not determined with specific reference to the performance of any account against any specific benchmark. One of the other registered investment companies managed by Mr. Gabelli has a performance (fulcrum) fee arrangement for which his compensation is adjusted up or down based on the performance of the investment company relative to an index. Four closed-end registered investment companies managed by Mr. Gabelli have arrangements whereby the Adviser will only receive its investment advisory fee attributable to the liquidation value of outstanding preferred stock (and Mr. Gabelli would only receive his percentage of such advisory fee) if certain performance levels are met. Mr. Gabelli manages other accounts with performance fees. Compensation for managing these accounts has two components. One component of his compensation is based on a percentage of net revenues received by the Adviser for managing the account. The second component is based on absolute performance of the account, with respect to which a percentage of such performance fee is paid to Mr. Gabelli. As an executive officer of the Adviser’s parent company, GAMI, Mr. Gabelli also receives ten percent of the net operating profits of the parent company. Additionally, Mr. Gabelli receives a percentage of net management fees as a relationship manager of accounts managed by affiliates. Mr. Gabelli receives no base salary, no annual bonus, and no stock options. Mr. Gabelli may enter into and has arrangements to defer or waive his compensation.

 

Compensation Structure for Timothy M. Winter

 

The compensation of Mr. Winter is structured to enable the Adviser to attract and retain highly qualified professionals in a competitive environment. Mr. Winter receives a compensation package that includes a minimum draw or base salary, equity based incentive compensation via awards of stock options and restricted stock, and incentive-based variable compensation based on a percentage of net revenue received by the Adviser for managing the Fund to the extent that the amount exceeds a minimum level of compensation. Net revenues are

 

29

 

 

determined by deducting from gross investment management fees certain of the firm’s expenses (other than the respective Portfolio Manager’s compensation) allocable to the Fund (the incentive based variable compensation for managing other accounts is also based on a percentage of net revenues to the investment adviser for managing the account). These methods of compensation are based on the premise that superior long term performance in managing a portfolio should be rewarded with higher compensation as a result of growth of assets through appreciation and net investment activity. The level of equity based incentive and incentive based variable compensation is based on an evaluation by the Adviser’s parent, GAMI, of quantitative and qualitative performance evaluation criteria. This evaluation takes into account, in a broad sense, the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio manager, but the level of compensation is not determined with specific reference to the performance of any account against any specific benchmark. Generally, greater consideration is given to the performance of larger accounts and to longer term performance over smaller accounts and short term performance.

 

Compensation Structure for Justin Bergner, Robert D. Leininger, and Ashish Sinha

 

The compensation of Mr. Bergner, Mr. Leininger, and Mr. Sinha is structured to enable the Adviser to attract and retain highly qualified professionals in a competitive environment. Each receives a compensation package that includes a minimum draw or base salary, equity based incentive compensation via awards of stock options and restricted stock, and incentive-based variable compensation based on a percentage of net revenue received by the Adviser for managing the Fund to the extent that the amount exceeds a minimum level of compensation. Net revenues are determined by deducting from gross investment management fees certain of the firm’s expenses (other than the respective Portfolio Manager’s compensation) allocable to the Fund (the incentive based variable compensation for managing other accounts is also based on a percentage of net revenues to the investment adviser for managing the account). These methods of compensation are based on the premise that superior long term performance in managing a portfolio should be rewarded with higher compensation as a result of growth of assets through appreciation and net investment activity. The level of equity based incentive and incentive based variable compensation is based on an evaluation by the Adviser’s parent, GAMI, of quantitative and qualitative performance evaluation criteria. This evaluation takes into account, in a broad sense, the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio manager, but the level of compensation is not determined with specific reference to the performance of any account against any specific benchmark. Generally, greater consideration is given to the performance of larger accounts and to longer term performance over smaller accounts and short term performance.

 

Ownership of Shares in the Fund

 

Set forth in the table below is the dollar range of equity securities in the Fund beneficially owned by each of the portfolio managers:

 

Name

 

Dollar Range of Equity Securities
Held in the Fund*

Mario J. Gabelli   E
Timothy M. Winter   A
Justin Bergner   A
Robert D. Leininger   A
Ashish Sinha   A

 

* Key to Dollar Ranges – Information as of December 31, 2024
A. None
B. $1 – $10,000
C. $10,001 – $50,000
D. $50,001 – $100,000
E. $100,001 – $500,000
F. $500,001 – $1,000,000
G. Over $1,000,000

 

The Sub-Administrator

 

The Adviser has entered into an agreement (the “Sub-Administration Agreement”) with The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Sub-Administrator”), which is located at 103 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware, 19809. Under the Sub-Administration Agreement, the Sub-Administrator (a) assists in supervising all aspects of the Fund’s operations except those performed by the Adviser under its advisory agreement with the Fund; (b) supplies the Fund with office facilities (which may be in the Sub-Administrator’s own offices), statistical and research data, data processing services, clerical, accounting and bookkeeping services, including, but not limited to, the calculation of the NAV of each class of the Fund, internal auditing and regulatory administration services, internal executive and administrative services, and stationery and office supplies; (c) prepares and distributes materials for all of the Fund Board meetings including the mailing of all Board materials and collates the same materials into the Board books and assists in the drafting of minutes of the Board meetings; (d) prepares reports to Fund shareholders, tax returns, and reports to and filings with the SEC and state “Blue Sky” authorities; (e) provides any equipment or services necessary for the purpose of pricing shares or valuing the Fund’s investment portfolio;

 

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(f) provides compliance testing of all Fund activities against applicable requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder, the Code, and the Fund’s investment restrictions; (g) furnishes to the Adviser such statistical and other factual information and information regarding economic factors and trends as the Adviser from time to time may require; and (h) generally provides all administrative services that may be required for the ongoing operation of the Fund in a manner consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act.

 

For the services it provides, the Adviser pays the Sub-Administrator an annual fee based on the value of the aggregate average daily net assets of all funds under its administration managed by the Adviser as follows: up to $10 billion -.0275%; $10 billion to $15 billion -.0125%; $15 billion to $20 billion - .0100%; and over $20 billion - .008%. The Sub-Administrator’s fee is paid by the Adviser and will result in no additional expenses to the Fund.

 

Counsel

 

Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, 500 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, serves as the Fund’s legal counsel.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

Ernst & Young LLP (“EY”), One Manhattan West, New York, New York 10001, independent registered public accounting firm, has been selected to audit the Fund’s annual financial statements.

 

Custodian, Transfer Agent, and Dividend Disbursing Agent

 

State Street Bank and Trust Company, 225 Franklin Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 is the Custodian (the “Custodian”) for the Fund’s cash and securities. SS&C Global Investor & Distribution Solutions, Inc. (“SS&C GIDS” or the “Transfer Agent”), located at 801 Pennsylvania Avenue, Suite 219204, Kansas City, Missouri 64105-1307, performs the shareholder services and acts as the Fund’s transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent. Neither SS&C GIDS nor State Street assists in or is responsible for investment decisions involving assets of the Fund.

 

Distributor

 

To implement the Fund’s Rule 12b-1 Plans, the Fund has entered into a Distribution Agreement with G.distributors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMI, having its principal offices located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580-1422. The Distributor acts as agent of the Fund for the continuous offering of its shares on a best efforts basis. The Distributor also acts as a distributor for other funds in the Fund Complex.

 

Set forth in the table below are the amounts of sales commissions and underwriting fees on Class A shares and contingent deferred sales charges (“CDSC”) for Class A, and Class C shares received and retained by G.research and the Distributor.

 

Sales Commissions for the Years Ended December 31:

 

    2022     2023     2024  
Share Class   Commissions     Retained by
Distributor
    Commissions     Retained by
Distributor
    Commissions     Retained by
Distributor
 
Class A Sales Commissions   $ 5,315,597     $ 866,972     $ 3,594,051     $ 615,965     $ 2,774,675     $ 550,292  
Class A CDSCs     Not Applicable     $ 28,472       Not Applicable     $ 18,884       Not Applicable     $ 505  
Class C CDSCs*     Not Applicable       56       Not Applicable     $ 14,864       Not Applicable     $ 5,700  

 

* Class C shares were first offered to the public on September 1, 2022.

 

Set forth in the table below are the amounts of brokerage commissions and other compensation received by the Distributor or an affiliate during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

 

Net
Underwriting

Discounts and

Commissions

    Compensation on
Redemptions and
Repurchases
   

Brokerage
Commissions*

    Other
Compensation
 
$ 550,292     $ 0     $ 35,792     $ 0  

 

* Brokerage commissions were received and retained by G.research, an affiliate of the Adviser and Distributor.

 

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DISTRIBUTION PLANS

 

The Fund has adopted separate distribution and service plans (each a “Plan” and collectively the “Plans”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act on behalf of each of the Class AAA, Class A, and Class C shares. Payments may be made by the Fund under each Plan for the purpose of financing any activity primarily intended to result in the sales of shares of the class to which such Plan relates as determined by the Board. Such activities typically include advertising, compensation for sales and marketing activities of the Distributor and other banks, broker-dealers, and service providers; shareholder account servicing; production and dissemination of prospectuses and sales and marketing materials; and capital or other expenses of associated equipment, rent, salaries, bonuses, interest, and other overhead. To the extent any activity is one which the Fund may finance without a distribution plan, the Fund may also make payments to finance such activity outside of the Plans and not be subject to its limitations. Payments under the Plans are not dependent on distribution expenses actually incurred by the Distributor. The Plans compensate the Distributor regardless of expense, and accordingly, a portion of the payments by the Fund may be used indirectly to finance distribution activities on behalf of other funds in the Fund Complex and a portion of the payments by such other funds may be used to finance distribution activities on behalf of the Fund. The Plans are intended to benefit the Fund, among other things, by increasing its assets and thereby reducing the Fund’s expense ratio.

 

Under its terms, each Plan remains in effect so long as its continuance is specifically approved at least annually by vote of the Fund’s Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees. No Plan may be amended to materially increase the amount to be spent for services provided by the Distributor thereunder without shareholder approval, and all material amendments of any Plan must also be approved by the Board in the manner described above. Each Plan may be terminated at any time, without penalty, by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act). Under each Plan, the Distributor will provide the Trustees with periodic reports of amounts expended under such Plan and the purpose for which such expenditures were made.

 

Pursuant to the Plans, the Fund pays the Distributor 0.25% of its average daily net assets of Class AAA and Class A shares, and 1.00% of its average daily net assets of Class C shares. Due to the possible continuing nature of Rule 12b-1 payments, long term investors may pay more than the economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales charge permitted by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Fund appoints the Distributor as its general distributor and exclusive agent for the sale of the Fund’s shares. The Fund has agreed to indemnify the Distributor to the extent permitted by applicable law against certain liabilities under federal securities laws. The Distribution Agreement shall remain in effect from year to year provided that continuance of such agreement shall be approved at least annually (a) by the Fund’s Board, including a vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval or (b) by the vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding securities of the Fund and by a vote of the majority of Independent Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Distribution Agreement may be terminated by either party thereto upon sixty days written notice.

 

Pursuant to each Plan, the Board will review at least quarterly a written report of the distribution expenses incurred on behalf of each class of shares of the Fund by the Distributor. The report includes an itemization of the distribution expenses and the purposes of such expenditures. In addition, as long as the Plans remain in effect, the selection and nomination of Independent Trustees shall be limited to the Independent Trustees.

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Fund made payments under the Plans for Class AAA, Class A, and Class C shares of $4,053,550 to the Distributor. The Plans compensate the Distributor regardless of its expense and may contain a profit element.

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Distributor identified expenditures for the Fund of approximately $45,600 for advertising and promotion, $7,100 for printing, postage, and stationery, $32,700 for overhead support expenses, $707,600 for salaries of personnel of the Distributor, $146,500 for advanced commissions, and $3,702,400 for third party servicing fees.

 

The amounts included in the previous paragraph as third party servicing fees include amounts paid to the providers of various programs that make shares available to their customers. Subject to approvals by the Board, the Fund also makes payments to the providers of these programs, out of its assets other than Rule 12b-1 payments, in amounts not greater than savings of expenses the Fund would incur in maintaining shareholder accounts for those who invest in the Fund directly rather than through these programs. The Adviser and its affiliates may also pay for all or a portion of these program’s charges out of their financial resources other than Rule 12b-1 fees.

 

Class AAA shares were first offered to the public on August 31, 1999. Class A shares were first offered to the public on December 31, 2002. Class I shares were first offered to the public on January 11, 2008. Class C shares were first offered to the public on September 1, 2022.

 

Shares of the Fund may also be purchased through shareholder agents that are not affiliated with the Fund or the Distributor. There is no sales or service charge imposed by the Fund other than as described in the Fund’s prospectus under the “Classes of Shares” section, but agents who do not receive distribution payments or sales charges may impose a charge to the investor for their services. Such fees may vary among agents,

 

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and such agents may impose higher initial or subsequent investment requirements than those established by the Fund. Services provided by broker-dealers may include allowing the investor to establish a margin account and to borrow on the value of the Fund’s shares in that account. It is the responsibility of the shareholder’s agent to establish procedures which would assure that upon receipt of an order to purchase shares of the Fund, the order will be transmitted so that it will be received by the Distributor before the time when the price applicable to the buy order expires.

 

No Independent Trustee of the Fund had a direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of any Plan or related agreements. Those interested persons who beneficially own stock in affiliates of the Adviser or the Distributor or are employed by one of the Gabelli companies may be deemed to have an indirect financial interest.

 

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

The Adviser and its affiliates currently serve as investment adviser to a number of investment companies and private account clients and may in the future act as adviser to others. It is the policy of the Adviser and its affiliates to allocate investments suitable and appropriate for each such client in a manner believed by the Adviser to be equitable to each client. In making such allocations among the Fund and other client accounts, the main factors considered are the respective investment objectives, the relative size of portfolio holdings of the same or comparable securities, the availability of cash for investment, the size of investment commitments generally held and the opinions of the persons responsible for managing the portfolios of the Fund and other client accounts.

 

Under the Contract, the Adviser is authorized on behalf of the Fund to employ brokers to effect the purchase or sale of portfolio securities with the objective of obtaining prompt, efficient, and reliable execution and clearance of such transactions at the most favorable price obtainable (“best execution”) at a reasonable expense. The Adviser is permitted to (1) direct Fund portfolio brokerage to G.research, a broker-dealer member of FINRA and an affiliate of the Adviser; and (2) pay commissions to brokers other than G.research which are higher than might be charged by another qualified broker to obtain brokerage and/or research services considered by the Adviser to be useful or desirable for its investment management of the Fund and/or other advisory accounts under the management of the Adviser and any investment adviser affiliated with it. The Adviser does not consider sales of shares of the Fund or other investment funds managed by the Adviser and its affiliates by brokers, including G.research, as a factor in its selection of brokers or dealers for the Fund’s portfolio transactions and has adopted compliance policies and procedures for itself and its affiliates to prevent any such transactions on that basis.

 

Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions, which may vary among different brokers. Transactions in securities other than those for which a securities exchange is the principal market are generally executed through a principal market maker. However, such transactions may be effected through a brokerage firm and a commission is paid whenever it appears that the broker can obtain a price that is at least as favorable taking into account its commissions. In general, there may be no stated commission on principal transactions in OTC securities, but the prices of such securities usually include undisclosed commissions or markups. Option transactions will usually be effected through a broker and a commission will be charged. The Fund also expects that securities will be purchased at times in underwritten offerings where the price includes a fixed amount of compensation generally referred to as a concession or discount.

 

The policy of the Fund regarding purchases and sales of securities and options for its portfolio is that primary consideration will be given to obtaining the most favorable prices and efficient execution of transactions. In seeking to implement the Fund’s policies, the Adviser effects transactions with those brokers and dealers who the Adviser believes can obtain the most favorable prices and are capable of providing efficient executions. If the Adviser believes such price and execution are obtainable from more than one broker or dealer, it may give consideration to placing portfolio transactions with those brokers or dealers who also furnish research and other services to the Fund or the Adviser of the type described in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In doing so, the Fund may also pay higher commission rates than the lowest available when the Adviser believes it is reasonable to do so in light of the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker effecting the transaction. Such services may include, but are not limited to, any one or more of the following: (i) information as to the availability of securities for purchase or sale; (ii) statistical or factual information or opinions pertaining to investments; (iii) wire services; and (iv) appraisals or evaluations of potential and existing investments.

 

Research services furnished by brokers or dealers through which the Fund effects securities transactions are used by the Adviser and its advisory affiliates in carrying out their responsibilities with respect to all of their accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Such investment information may be useful only to one or more of such other accounts. The purpose of this sharing of research information is to avoid duplicative charges for research provided by brokers and dealers. Neither the Fund nor the Adviser has any agreement or legally binding understanding with any broker or dealer regarding any specific amount of brokerage commissions which will be paid in recognition of such services. However, in determining the amount of portfolio commissions directed to such brokers or dealers, the Adviser considers the level of services provided, and based on such determinations the Adviser allocated brokerage commissions of $32,532 on portfolio transactions in the principal amount of $32,464,857 during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 to broker dealers who provided research services to the Adviser. The average commission on these transactions was $0.04988 per share.

 

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Investment research obtained by allocations of Fund brokerage is used to augment the scope and supplement the internal research and investment strategy capabilities of the Adviser but does not reduce the overall expenses of the Adviser to any material extent. Such investment research may be in written form or through direct contact with individuals and includes information on particular companies and industries as well as market, economic, or institutional activity areas. Research services furnished by brokers through which the Fund effects securities transactions are used by the Adviser and its advisory affiliates in carrying out their responsibilities with respect to all of their accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Such investment information may be useful only to one or more of the other accounts of the Adviser and its advisory affiliates, and research information received for the commissions of those particular accounts may be useful both to the Fund and one or more of such other accounts.

 

The Adviser may also place orders for the purchase or sale of portfolio securities with G.research when it appears that, as an introducing broker or otherwise, G.research can obtain a price, execution, and commission, which is at least as favorable as that obtainable by other qualified brokers and at a commission rate at least as favorable as it provides to its best customers for similar transactions. As required by Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act, the Fund’s Board has adopted procedures which provide that commissions paid to G.research on brokerage transactions must not exceed those which would have been charged by another qualified broker or member firm able to effect the same or a comparable transaction at an equally favorable price or those commissions G.research charges its most favored customers on similar transactions. Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act and the Fund’s procedures contain requirements that the Board, including its Independent Trustees, review such commissions and transactions quarterly and such procedures at least annually to determine their continuing appropriateness. The Adviser and G.research are also required to furnish reports and maintain records in connection with such reviews.

 

To obtain the best execution of portfolio trades on the NYSE, G.research controls and monitors the execution of such transactions on the floor of the NYSE through independent “floor brokers” or the Designated Order Turnaround System of the NYSE. Such transactions are then cleared, confirmed to the Fund for the account of G.research, and settled directly with the Custodian of the Fund by a clearing house member firm which remits the commission less its clearing charges to G.research. G.research may also effect the Fund’s portfolio transactions in the same manner and pursuant to the same arrangements on other national securities exchanges that adopt direct access rules similar to those of the NYSE. In addition, G.research may directly execute transactions for the Fund on the floor of any exchange, provided: (i) the Fund’s Board has expressly authorized G.research to effect such transactions; and (ii) G.research annually advises the Fund of the aggregate compensation it earned on such transactions.

 

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Fund’s payment of brokerage commissions for the past three fiscal years ended December 31 as indicated:

 

    Fiscal Year Ended
December 31,
    Commissions
Paid
 
Total Brokerage Commissions   2022     $ 88,054  
    2023     $ 172,519  
    2024     $ 138,608  
Commissions paid to G.research   2022     $ 12,801  
    2023     $ 41,605  
    2024     $ 35,792  
% of Total Brokerage Commissions paid to G.research   2024       25.82 %
% of Total Transactions involving Commissions paid to G.research   2024       22.19 %

 

 
* The difference between the percentage of total commissions paid to G.research versus the percentage of the principal amount of commissionable trades done through G.research can be attributable to the lower commissions per share paid on NASDAQ securities executed on Electronic Trading Networks and foreign securities transactions versus the commission rates on exchange-traded securities. G.research only executed transactions on exchange-listed securities, and the rates per share on such securities are often determined without regard to the principal amount of the transaction, which led to the differences noted.

 

During its fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Fund did not acquire securities of its regular broker-dealers or their parents.

 

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REDEMPTION OF SHARES

 

Payment of the redemption price for shares redeemed may be made either in cash or in portfolio securities (selected by an ad hoc committee of independent Board members and taken at their value used in determining the Fund’s NAV as described under “Determination of Net Asset Value”), or partly in cash and partly in portfolio securities. However, payments will be made wholly in cash unless (a) the shareholder has redeemed more than $250,000 over the preceding three months, and (b) either the Adviser believes that economic conditions exist which would make payments in cash detrimental to the best interests of the Fund or the shareholder has indicated a preference to the Fund for redemptions in kind. If payment for shares redeemed is made wholly or partly in portfolio securities, brokerage costs may be incurred by the investor in converting the securities to cash. The Fund’s policy is only to distribute securities to shareholders from its portfolio of investments that meet the following criteria: (i) traded on a major stock exchange and have a free float of at least $500 million, or (ii) the subject of a publicly announced takeout transaction pursuant to which each party thereto has executed a binding transaction agreement and in which there is no pending litigation challenging the completion of the transaction. In either case, the Fund will not distribute an amount of securities of a particular issuer that exceeds 25% of the average daily trading volume of such security over the preceding 20 trading days.

 

The Fund imposes a redemption fee of 2.00% of the total redemption amount if shareholders sell or exchange any of their shares within seven days of the date of a purchase. The fee, its manner of calculation and exceptions to its applicability are discussed in the Fund’s prospectus. The fee is not a sales charge (load) and is paid directly to the Fund and not to the Adviser or Distributor.

 

Cancellation of purchase orders for Fund shares (as, for example, when checks submitted to purchase shares are returned unpaid) causes a loss to be incurred when the NAV of the Fund shares on the date of cancellation is less than on the original date of purchase. The investor is responsible for such loss, and the Fund may reimburse itself or the Distributor for such loss by automatically redeeming shares from any account registered at any time in that shareholder’s name, or by seeking other redress. If the Fund is unable to recover any loss to itself, it is the position of the SEC that the Distributor will be immediately obligated to make the Fund whole.

 

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

 

NAV is calculated separately for each class of the Fund. The NAV of Class C shares of the Fund, as applicable, will generally be lower than the NAV of Class AAA, Class A, or Class I shares, as applicable, as a result of the higher service and distribution-related fees to which Class C shares are subject. It is expected, however, that the NAV per share of each class will tend to converge immediately after the recording of dividends, if any, which will differ by approximately the amount of the distribution and/or service fee expense accrual differential among the classes.

 

For purposes of determining the Fund’s NAV, equity securities listed or traded on a nationally recognized securities exchange or traded in the U.S. OTC market where trades are reported contemporaneously and for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last quoted sale or a market’s official closing price at the close of the exchange’s or other market’s regular trading hours, as of prior to the time and day as of which such value is being determined. Portfolio securities traded on more than one national securities exchange or market are valued according to the broadest and most representative market as determined by the Adviser. If there has been no sale on the day the valuation is made, the securities are valued at the mean of the closing bid and ask prices on the principal market for such security on such day. If no ask prices are quoted on such day, then the security is valued at the closing bid price on the principal market for such security on such day. If no bid or ask prices are quoted on such day, the Fund’s accounting agent will notify the Adviser, which has been appointed “valuation designee” pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act (“Rule 2a-5”) by the Board, and the security will be valued based on written or standing instructions from the Adviser, as valuation designee.

 

Equity securities which are primarily traded on foreign markets, except for those that trade primarily in Latin America or South America, are generally valued at the preceding closing values of such securities on their respective exchanges but may be fair valued by the valuation designee under procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 2a-5 if market conditions change significantly after the close of the foreign market but prior to the close of business on the day the securities are being valued. Equity securities which are primarily traded in Latin American or South American markets are valued each day approximately at the time of the close of regular trading on the NYSE as though such time were the close of trading on such Latin American or South American market and such Latin American or South American market were a U.S. market. When the NYSE is open, but the foreign market on which an equity security primarily trades is closed, such as for a foreign national holiday, the security will generally be valued at the last available closing value (subject to the Fair Value Procedures adopted by the Board under Rule 2a-5) using the prevailing exchange rate as described below. If some event occurs affecting or likely to affect the price of an equity security or group of equity securities to a significant extent including but not limited to material market movement, changes in market conditions after a foreign market closes, but prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, or a company development, such as a material business development, dividend declaration, stock split or rights offering, and if adequate and timely information relating to the event is not available or is not taken into account by the pricing service, the valuation designee should review the pricing furnished by the pricing service to determine whether it is appropriate in the circumstances. In such case, the valuation designee will obtain market quotations from another source or will make a fair value determination of such securities using other appropriate value measurements pursuant to the Fund’s Rule 2a-5 policies and procedures. If the primary market for such an equity security suspends or limits trading or price movements, whether for the market as a whole or the particular security,

 

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and trading also occurs on a secondary market which has not suspended or limited trading or price movement, valuation will be based on information from the secondary market provided by the valuation designee. If all markets on which such an equity security have suspended trading, the valuation designee will fair value such security as provided above. Information that becomes known after the close of the NYSE, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on any business day may be assessed in determining NAV per share after the time of receipt of the information, but will not be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security determined earlier or on a prior day.

 

Initial public offering securities are initially valued at cost. Upon commencement of trading, these securities are valued like any other equity security.

 

Debt obligations (including convertible debt) for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the average of the latest bid and ask prices. If there were no ask prices quoted on such day, the security is valued using the closing bid price. Such debt obligations are valued through prices provided by a pricing service approved in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act.

 

Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies will be translated into U.S. dollars at the prevailing exchange rates as provided by an appropriate pricing service. Forward currency exchange contracts will be valued using interpolated forward exchange rates. Prevailing foreign exchange rates and forward currency foreign exchange rates may generally be obtained on a consistent basis at approximately 11:00 a.m. Eastern time, which approximates the close of the London Exchange. As available and as provided by an appropriate pricing service, translation of foreign security and currency market values will also occur with the use of foreign exchange rates obtained at the close of the NYSE, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.

 

Certain securities are valued principally using dealer quotations. Futures contracts are valued at the closing settlement price of the exchange or board of trade on which the applicable contract is traded. OTC futures and options on futures for which market quotations are readily available will be valued by quotations received from a pricing service or, if no quotations are available from a pricing service, by quotations obtained from one or more dealers in the instrument in question by the valuation designee.

 

Securities and assets for which market quotations are not readily available are valued at their fair value as determined in good faith under procedures established consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Fair valuation methodologies and procedures may include, but are not limited to: (i) analysis and review of available financial and non-financial information about the company, (ii) comparisons with the valuation and changes in valuation of similar securities, including a comparison of foreign securities to the equivalent U.S. dollar value American Depositary Receipts securities at the close of U.S. exchanges; and (iii) evaluation of any other information that could be indicative of the value of the security.

 

The Fund may obtain valuations on the basis of prices provided by a pricing service approved consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act. All other investment assets, including restricted and not readily marketable securities, are valued in good faith at fair value by the valuation designee under procedures established consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Additional information on fair valuation is provided in the Fund’s prospectus under “Pricing of Fund Shares.”

 

In addition, whenever developments in one or more securities markets after the close of the principal markets for one or more portfolio securities and before the time as of which the Fund determines its NAV would, if such developments had been reflected in such principal markets, likely have more than a minimal effect on any of the Fund’s NAV, the Fund may fair value such portfolio securities based on available market information as of the time the Fund determines its NAV.

 

NYSE Closings

 

The holidays (as observed) on which the NYSE is closed, and therefore days upon which shareholders cannot redeem shares, currently are: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day and on the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when a holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, respectively.

 

DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, AND TAXES

 

Each dividend and capital gains distribution, if any, declared by the Fund on its outstanding shares will, unless you have elected otherwise, be paid on the payment date fixed by the Board in additional shares of the Fund having an aggregate NAV as of the ex-dividend date of such dividend or distribution equal to the cash amount of such distribution. An election to receive dividends and distributions in cash or in additional shares may be changed by notifying the Fund in writing at any time prior to the record date for a particular dividend or distribution. No sales charges or other fees are imposed on shareholders in connection with the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions. There is no fixed dividend rate, and there can be no assurance that the Fund will realize any capital gains or other income with which to pay dividends and distributions.

 

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General

 

Set forth below is a discussion of certain U.S. Federal income tax issues concerning the Fund and the purchase, ownership, and disposition of Fund shares by U.S. persons. This discussion is based upon present provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder, and judicial and administrative ruling authorities, all of which are subject to change, which change may be retroactive. This discussion does not purport to be complete or to deal with all aspects of U.S. Federal income taxation that may be relevant to investors in light of their particular circumstances. No ruling has been or will be sought from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) regarding any matter discussed herein. No assurance can be given that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position different from any of the tax aspects set forth below. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisers with regard to the U.S. Federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, or disposition of shares of the Fund, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, foreign country, or other taxing jurisdiction.

 

Tax Status of the Fund

 

The Fund has qualified and intends to remain qualified to be taxed as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund must, among other things, (a) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities, or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies; and (b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the taxable year (i) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, the securities of other regulated investment companies and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets is invested in the securities of (I) any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities and the securities of other regulated investment companies), (II) any two or more issuers (other than regulated investment companies) that it controls and that are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or (III) any one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.

 

As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally is not subject to U.S. Federal income tax on income and gains that it distributes to shareholders, if at least 90% of the Fund’s investment company taxable income (which includes, among other items, dividends, interest, and the excess of any net short term capital gains over net long term capital losses) for the taxable year is distributed (or deemed distributed) in that taxable year. Any income or gains retained by the Fund will be subject to regular corporate-level income taxes. The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its income and gains. If the Fund were to fail to meet its annual distribution requirement or otherwise fail to qualify as a regulated investment company in any given year, the Fund would be subject to U.S. Federal income tax at regular corporate rates on all of its taxable income and gains in that year.

 

Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax at the Fund level. To avoid the excise tax, the Fund must distribute during each calendar year an amount equal to at least the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income (not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gains in excess of its capital losses (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the one year period generally ending on October 31 of the calendar year (unless an election is made by the Fund with a November or December year end to use the Fund’s fiscal year), and (3) certain ordinary income and net capital gains for previous years that were not distributed during such years and upon which no income tax was imposed. To avoid application of the excise tax, the Fund intends to make distributions in accordance with the calendar year distribution requirement.

 

A distribution will be treated as paid on December 31 of a calendar year if it is declared by the Fund in October, November, or December of that year with a record date in such a month and paid by the Fund during January of the following year. Such a distribution will be taxable to shareholders in the calendar year in which the distribution is declared, rather than the calendar year in which it is received.

 

Distributions

 

Distributions of investment company taxable income, whether paid in cash or reinvested in Fund shares, are taxable to U.S. shareholders as ordinary income. Properly reported distributions attributable to qualified dividends received by the Fund from certain U.S. and non-U.S. corporations are taxable to U.S. shareholders who are individuals at a reduced maximum rate, provided that certain holding period requirements are met. Properly reported dividends paid by the Fund to a corporate shareholder, to the extent such dividends are attributable to dividends received by the Fund from U.S. corporations may, subject to limitations, be eligible for the dividends received deduction.

 

Distributions of gains may be taxed at different rates depending on how long the Fund held the asset giving rise to such gains. Distributions of the excess of net long term capital gains over net short term capital losses, if any, properly reported by the Fund, whether paid in cash or reinvested in Fund shares, will generally be taxable to shareholders at the rates applicable to long term capital gains, regardless of how long a shareholder has held Fund shares.

 

37

 

 

To the extent that the Fund retains any net long term capital gains, it may report them as “deemed distributions” and pay a tax thereon for the benefit of its shareholders. In that event, the shareholders report their share of the amounts so reported on their individual tax returns as if it had been received, and report a credit for the tax paid thereon by the Fund. The amount of the deemed distribution net of such tax is then added to the shareholder’s cost basis for his shares. Shareholders who are not subject to U.S. Federal income tax or tax on capital gains should be able to file a return on the appropriate form and a claim for refund that allows them to recover the tax paid on their behalf. Shareholders will be notified annually as to the U.S. Federal tax status of distributions, and shareholders receiving distributions in the form of newly issued shares will receive a report as to the NAV of the shares received.

 

If the Fund’s distributions exceed the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s basis in its shares (reducing the basis accordingly). Amounts exceeding the shareholder’s basis will be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of the shares (capital gain, if the shareholder holds his shares as capital assets). Investors should be careful to consider the tax implications of buying shares of the Fund just prior to the record date of a distribution (including a capital gain distribution). The price of shares purchased at such a time will reflect the amount of the forthcoming distribution, but the distribution will generally be taxable to the purchaser.

 

Foreign Taxes

 

The Fund may be subject to certain taxes imposed by the countries in which it invests or operates. The Fund will not have more than 50% of its total assets invested in securities of foreign governments or corporations and consequently will not qualify to elect to treat any foreign taxes paid by the Fund as having been paid by the Fund’s shareholders.

 

Dispositions

 

Upon a redemption, sale, or exchange of shares of the Fund, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss depending upon his basis in the shares. A gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholder’s hands, and for non-corporate shareholders the rate of tax will depend upon the shareholder’s holding period for the shares and the shareholder’s level of taxable income. Any loss realized on a redemption, sale, or exchange will be disallowed to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced (including through reinvestment of dividends) within a period of sixty-one days, beginning thirty days before and ending thirty days after the shares are disposed of. In such a case, the basis of the shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss. If a shareholder holds Fund shares for six months or less and during that period receives a distribution taxable to the shareholder as long term capital gains, any loss realized on the sale of such shares during such six month period would be a long term capital loss to the extent of such distribution.

 

An exchange from one share class within the Fund to another share class within the Fund is not a taxable transaction, provided that such classes have identical rights with respect to the Fund assets.

 

Medicare Tax

 

Certain non-corporate U.S. shareholders whose income exceeds certain thresholds will be required to pay a 3.8% Medicare tax on dividend and other investment income, including dividends received from the Fund and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of the Fund’s stock.

 

Backup Withholding

 

The Fund generally will be required to withhold U.S. Federal income tax (“backup withholding”) from dividends paid, capital gain distributions, and redemption proceeds to shareholders if (1) the shareholder fails to furnish the Fund with the shareholder’s correct taxpayer identification number or social security number, (2) the IRS notifies the shareholder or the Fund that the shareholder has failed to report properly certain interest and dividend income to the IRS and to respond to notices to that effect, or (3) when required to do so, the shareholder fails to certify that he or she is not subject to backup withholding. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. Federal income tax liability.

 

Certain Reportable Transactions

 

If a shareholder recognizes, in any taxable year, a loss with respect to the Fund’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (or certain greater amounts for combinations of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases exempted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not exempted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

38

 

 

Other Taxation

 

Distributions may be subject to additional state, local, and foreign taxes, depending on each shareholder’s particular situation. Non-U.S. shareholders may be subject to U.S. tax rules that differ significantly from those summarized above, including the likelihood that ordinary income dividends distributed to them will be subject to withholding of U.S. tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty rate, if applicable). In addition, withholding at a rate of 30% is required on dividends in respect of Fund shares held by “foreign financial institutions” (including foreign investment funds), unless such institution enters into an agreement with the Secretary of the Treasury to report, on an annual basis, information about equity and debt interests in, and accounts maintained by, the institution to the extent such interests or accounts are held by certain United States persons or by certain non-U.S. entities that are wholly or partially owned by United States persons and to withhold on certain payments. Similarly, dividends in respect of Fund shares held by an investor that is a non-financial foreign entity is subject to withholding at a rate of 30%, unless such entity either (i) certifies to the Fund that such entity does not have any “substantial United States owners” or (ii) provides certain information regarding the entity’s “substantial United States owners,” which the Fund will in turn provide to the Secretary of the Treasury. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, or future Treasury regulations or other guidance, may modify these requirements. Non-U.S. shareholders are encouraged to consult with their tax advisers regarding the possible implications of this legislation on their investment in the Fund.

 

Properly reported ordinary income dividends are generally exempt from U.S. Federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (generally, the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest on obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Fund’s qualified short term capital gains” (generally, the excess of the Fund’s net short term capital gain over the Fund’s long term capital loss for such taxable year). Depending on its circumstances, the Fund may report all, some, or none of its potentially eligible dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a foreign investor needs to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E, or substitute or successor Form).

 

Investors should consult their own tax advisers regarding U.S. Federal, state, local, and foreign tax considerations.

 

Fund Investments

 

Options, Futures, and Forward Contracts. Any regulated futures contracts and certain options in which the Fund may invest may be “section 1256 contracts.” Gains (or losses) on these contracts generally are considered to be 60% long term and 40% short term capital gains or losses. Also, section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of each taxable year (and on certain other dates prescribed in the Code) are “marked to market” with the result that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized. Code section 1092, which applies to certain straddles, may affect the taxation of the Fund’s sales of securities and transactions in financial futures contracts and related options. Under section 1092, the Fund may be required to postpone recognition of losses incurred in certain sales of securities and certain closing transactions in financial futures contracts or related options.

 

Special Code provisions applicable to Fund investments, discussed above, may affect the characterization of gains and losses realized by the Fund, and may accelerate recognition of income or defer recognition of losses. The Fund will monitor these investments and when possible will make appropriate elections in order to mitigate unfavorable tax treatment.

 

INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

 

From time to time, the Fund may quote its performance in advertisements or in reports and other communications to shareholders, computed according to formulas prescribed by the SEC. The Fund’s performance will vary from time to time depending upon market conditions, the composition of its portfolio, and its operating expenses. Consequently, any given performance quotation should not be considered representative of the Fund’s performance for any specified period in the future. In addition, when considering “average” total return figures for periods longer than one year, it is important to note that the Fund’s annual total returns for any one year in the period might have been greater or less than the average for the entire period. In addition, because the performance will fluctuate, it may not provide a basis for comparing an investment in the Fund with certain bank deposits or other investments that pay a fixed yield for a stated period of time. Investors comparing the Fund’s performance with that of other mutual funds should give consideration to the quality and maturity of the respective investment companies’ portfolio securities.

 

In reports or other communications to shareholders or in advertising material, the Fund may compare its performance with that of other mutual funds as listed in the rankings prepared by Lipper, Inc. (a Reuters Company), Morningstar, Inc., or similar independent services that monitor the performance of mutual funds or other industry or financial publications. It is important to note that the total return figures are based on historical results and are not intended to indicate future performance. Shareholders may make inquiries regarding the Fund’s total return figures to the Distributor.

 

In its reports, investor communications, or advertisements, the Fund may also include: (i) descriptions and updates concerning its strategies and portfolio investments; (ii) its goals, risk factors, and expenses compared with other mutual funds; (iii) analysis of its investments by industry, country, credit quality, and other characteristics; (iv) a discussion of the risk/return continuum relating to different investments; (v) the potential impact of adding foreign stocks to a domestic portfolio; (vi) the general biography or work experience of the portfolio managers of the Fund; (vii) portfolio manager commentary or market updates; (viii) discussion of macroeconomic factors affecting the Fund and its investments; and (ix) other information of interest to investors.

 

39

 

 

DESCRIPTION OF THE FUND’S SHARES

 

The Fund may issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest (par value $0.001 per share). The Fund’s shares have no preemptive or conversion rights.

 

Voting Rights

 

Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each share held (and fractional votes for fractional shares) and may vote on the election of Trustees and on other matters submitted to meetings of shareholders. As a Delaware statutory trust, the Fund is not required, and does not intend, to hold regular annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for the consideration of proposals requiring shareholder approval such as changing fundamental policies. In addition, if the Trustees have not called an annual meeting of shareholders for any year by May 31 of that year, the Trustees will call a meeting of shareholders upon the written request of shareholders holding in excess of 50% of the affected shares for the purpose of removing one or more Trustees or the termination of any investment advisory agreement. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the Fund’s shareholders have the right, upon the vote of more than 66⅔% of its outstanding shares, to remove a Trustee. Except as may be required by the 1940 Act or any other applicable law, the Trustees may amend the Agreement and Declaration of Trust in any respect without any vote of shareholders to make any change that does not (i) impair the exemption from personal liability as provided therein or (ii) permit assessments on shareholders. Shareholders have no preemptive or conversion rights except with respect to shares that may be denominated as being convertible or as otherwise provided by the Trustees or applicable law. The Fund may be (i) terminated upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the Trustees or (ii) merged or consolidated with, or sell all or substantially all of its assets to another issuer, if such transaction is approved by the vote of two-thirds of the Trustees without any vote of the shareholders, in each case except as may be required by the 1940 Act or any other applicable law. If not so terminated, the Fund intends to continue indefinitely.

 

Liabilities

 

The Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the Trustees will not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law, but nothing in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee against any liability to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

The Fund’s Financial Statements, including the Report of EY, independent registered public accounting firm, are incorporated herein by reference to the Fund’s Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. The Fund’s Financial Statement is available upon request and without charge by calling 800-GABELLI (800-422-3554) or through the Internet at www.gabelli.com. EY provides audit services, tax return preparation and assistance, and other assurance services in connection with certain SEC filings.

 

40

 

 

APPENDIX A

 

DESCRIPTION OF CORPORATE DEBT RATINGS

 

MOODY’S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (“Moody’s”)

 

Aaa: Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.

 

Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

 

A: Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.

 

Baa: Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.

 

Ba: Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

 

B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to very high credit risk.

 

Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.

 

Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.

 

C: Obligations rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

 

NR: NR is assigned to an unrated issuer, obligation and/or program.

 

Should no rating be assigned, the reason may be one of the following:

 

1. An application for rating was not received or accepted.

 

2. The issue or issuer belongs to a group of securities that are not rated as a matter of policy.

 

3. There is a lack of essential data pertaining to the issue or issuer.

 

4. The issue was privately placed, in which case the rating is not published in Moody’s publications.

 

Suspension or withdrawal may occur if new and material circumstances arise, the effects of which preclude satisfactory analysis; if there is no longer available reasonable up-to-date data to permit a judgment to be formed; if a bond is called for redemption; or for other reasons.

 

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3 in each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of its generic rating category. Additionally, a “(hyb)” indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms.

 

STANDARD & POOR’S RATINGS SERVICES (“S&P”)

 

Investment Grade

 

AAA: An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

 

AA: An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest rated obligations only in small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

 

A: An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

 

BBB: An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

A-1

 

 

Speculative Grade

 

Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

 

BB: An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

B: An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

CCC: An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

CC: An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor’s expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

 

C: An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.

 

D: An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

 

N This indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor’s does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

 

* The ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

 

Description of S&P and Moody’s commercial paper ratings:

 

The designation A-1 by S&P indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong. Capacity for timely payment on issues with an A-2 designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated A-1.

 

The rating Prime-1 (P-1) is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Moody’s. Issuers of P-1 paper must have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations, and ordinarily will be evidenced by leading market positions in well-established industries, high rates of return of funds employed, conservative capitalization structures with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection, broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation, and well established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

 

A-2

 

 

PART C: OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28. Exhibits.

 

(a)(1) Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated August 19, 2009 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 13 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 26, 2010 (Accession No. 0000950123-10-017794).

 

(a)(2) Supplemental Declaration of Trust to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated June 20, 2017 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed with the SEC via EDGAR on June 22, 2017 (Accession No. 0001193125-17-210463) (“Post-Effective Amendment No. 29”).

 

(a)(3) Supplemental Declaration of Trust to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated June 1, 2022 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-lA, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on June 2, 2022 (Accession No. 0001387131-22-006698).

 

(a)(4) Supplemental Declaration of Trust to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated June 29, 2022 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-lA, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on June 30, 2022 (Accession No. 0001387131-22-186201) (“Post-Effective Amendment No. 39”).

 

(a)(5) Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated April 16, 2024 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-lA, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 29, 2024 (Accession No. 0001829126-24-002874) (“Post-Effective Amendment No. 43”).

 

(b) By-Laws of Registrant, dated May 19, 1999 – incorporated by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on August 20, 1999 (Accession No. 0000950172-99-001100) (“Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1”).

 

(c) Not Applicable.

 

(d) Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Gabelli Funds, LLC, dated August 31, 1999 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on May 1, 2000 (Accession No. 0000935069-00-000198) (“Post-Effective Amendment No. 1”).

 

(e) Second Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and G.distributors, LLC, dated June 29, 2022 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39.

 

(f) Not Applicable.

 

C-1

 

 

(g)(1) Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank & Trust Company (“State Street”), dated July 2, 2001 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on May 1, 2002 (Accession No. 0000935069-02-000394) (“Post-Effective Amendment No. 3”).

 

(g)(2) Custodian Fee Schedule between the Registrant and State Street – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1.

 

(h) Registrar, Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Registrant and State Street, dated August 31, 1999 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1.

 

(i)(1) Opinion and Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP – incorporated by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1.

 

(i)(2) Opinion and Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39.

 

(j)(1) Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – filed herewith.

 

(j)(2) Powers of Attorney for Anthony J. Colavita, Vincent D. Enright, Mario J. Gabelli, Mary E. Hauck, Kuni Nakamura, and Werner J. Roeder, dated April 28, 2023 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 42 to the Registration Statement as filed with the SEC on April 28, 2023 (Accession No. 0001387131-23-005660).

 

(k) Not Applicable.

 

(l) Purchase Agreement with initial shareholder, dated August 3, 1999 – incorporated by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1.

 

(m)(1) Amended and Restated Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 relating to Class AAA Shares, dated August 1, 2011 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 29, 2020 (Accession No. 0001193125-20-125470).

 

(m)(2) Amended and Restated Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 relating to Class A Shares, dated August 1, 2011 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 17 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 27, 2012 (Accession No. 0001193125-12-191700).

 

(m)(3) Second Amended and Restated Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 relating to Class C1 Shares, dated June 29, 2022 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39.

 

(m)(4) Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 relating to Class C Shares, dated June 29, 2022 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39.

 

(n)(1) Third Amended and Restated Rule 18f-3 Multi-Class Plan, dated June 29, 2022 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39.

 

(o) Not Applicable.

 

(p) Revised Code of Ethics for the Registrant, Gabelli Funds, LLC, GAMCO Asset Management Inc., G.research, LLC, G.distributors, LLC, Gabelli & Partners, LLC, and Gabelli & Company Investment Advisers, Inc., dated August 3, 2023 – incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 43.

 

C-2

 

 

Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant

 

None.

 

Item 30. Indemnification

 

Section 4.2 of Article IV of Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, Section 5 of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Section 10 of the Second Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibits (a), (d) and (e).

 

Insofar as indemnification of liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in that Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification provisions of its Agreement and Declaration of Trust, its By-Laws, the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Second Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement in a manner consistent with Release No. 11330 of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, so long as the interpretation therein of Sections 17(h) and 17(i) of the 1940 Act remains in effect.

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser

 

Gabelli Funds, LLC (the “Adviser”) is a registered investment adviser providing investment management and administrative services to the Registrant. The Adviser also provides similar services to other mutual funds and closed-end funds.

 

The information required by this Item 31 with respect to the Adviser and any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by directors and officers of the Adviser during the past two fiscal years is incorporated by reference to (i) Form ADV filed by the Adviser pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (SEC File No. 801-37706); (ii) “Management of the Fund” in the Prospectus constituting Part A of the Registrant’s Registration Statement; and (iii) “Trustees and Officers” in the Statement of Additional Information constituting Part B of the Registrant’s Registration Statement.

 

C-3

 

 

Item 32. Principal Underwriter

 

(a) G.distributors, LLC (“G.distributors”) currently acts as distributor for Gabelli 787 Fund, Inc., The Gabelli Asset Fund, Gabelli Capital Series Funds, Inc., Comstock Funds, Inc., Gabelli Equity Series Funds, Inc., The Gabelli Dividend Growth Fund, GAMCO Global Series Funds, Inc., Gabelli Gold Fund, Inc., The Gabelli Growth Fund, Gabelli International Growth Fund, Inc., Gabelli Investor Funds, Inc., The Gabelli Money Market Funds, The Gabelli SRI Fund, Inc., The Gabelli Value 25 Fund Inc., The TETON Westwood Funds, Gabelli Innovations Trust, the KEELEY Funds, Inc., and the Gabelli ETFs Trust.

 

(b) The information required by this Item 32 with respect to each director, officer or partner of G.distributors is incorporated by reference to Schedule A of Form BD filed by G.distributors pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (SEC File No. 8-68697).

 

(c) Not Applicable.

 

Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records

 

Information on the physical possession of accounts, books and other documents is included in the Registrant’s filing on Form N-CEN filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2025.

 

Item 34. Management Services

 

Not Applicable.

 

Item 35. Undertakings

 

Not Applicable.

 

C-4

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 to its Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Rye and State of New York, on the 30th day of April, 2025.

 

  THE GABELLI UTILITIES FUND
   
  By: /s/ John C. Ball
    John C. Ball
    President

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 44 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

 

Signatures   Title   Date
         
Mario J. Gabelli*   Chairman of the Board   April 30, 2025
Mario J. Gabelli        
         
/s/ John C. Ball   President   April 30, 2025
John C. Ball   (Principal Executive Officer)    
         
/s/ John C. Ball   Treasurer   April 30, 2025
John C. Ball   (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)    
         
Vincent D. Enright*   Trustee   April 30, 2025
Vincent D. Enright        
         
Mary E. Hauck*   Trustee   April 30, 2025
Mary E. Hauck        
         
Werner J. Roeder*   Trustee   April 30, 2025
Werner J. Roeder        

 

*By: /s/ John C. Ball  
  John C. Ball  
  Attorney-in-Fact  

 

C-5

 

 

Exhibit Index

 

Exhibit   Caption
(j)(1)   Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

C-6


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