decrease. Even in periods of
low volatility in the equity markets, the subadviser will continue to employ exchange-traded equity index put options to seek to preserve gains in favorable market conditions and to
reduce losses in adverse market conditions. During such periods of low equity
market volatility, the subadviser may also continue to use exchange-traded equity index futures contracts for hedging purposes, though it need not necessarily do so. In the event of a sudden market
dislocation, the managed risk strategy may not provide the same downside
protection as in other periods. Accordingly, in certain market conditions, the
fund may also purchase exchange-traded equity index call options, write (or sell) exchange-traded equity index put and call options and/or take net long positions in exchange-traded equity
index futures contracts. In addition, under certain market conditions (including
during periods of low equity market volatility, when the subadviser may employ exchange-traded equity index futures to a lesser degree or not at all), the subadviser reserves the right to purchase
or sell exchange-traded interest rate futures, including futures contracts on
U.S. Treasury bonds, to seek to manage interest rate risk.
From time to time, including during severe market dislocations, the Master Managed Risk Fund may adjust its managed risk strategy if advisable
in the judgment of the Master Managed Risk Fund’s investment adviser and
subadviser. For example, if the market for swaps moves, as is expected, from a
largely over-the-counter market to an exchange-traded market as a result of recent
regulatory changes, the subadviser may use exchange-traded swaps to seek to hedge
interest rate risk if the Master Managed Risk Fund’s investment adviser and
subadviser determine that the exchange-traded swaps market has become similar in
depth and substance to that of the exchange-traded options and futures markets.
Before adjusting the Master Managed Risk Fund’s managed risk strategy, the
Master Managed Risk Fund’s investment adviser and subadviser may consult with
insurance companies that offer the Master Managed Risk Fund as an underlying
investment option for variable contracts; provided, however that any adjustment will be made in the judgment of the Master Managed Risk Fund’s investment adviser and the
subadviser. Any such adjustment may not have the desired positive effect, and
could potentially have further adverse effects, on the Master Managed Risk Fund’s
investment results.
The subadviser will purchase or
sell futures contracts through a futures commission merchant, or FCM. The Master
Managed Risk Fund may be required to own cash or other liquid assets, including U.S. Treasury securities, and post these assets with an FCM or broker as collateral
to cover the Master Managed Risk Fund’s obligations under its futures contracts. Upon entering into a futures contract, for example, the Master
Managed Risk Fund will be required to deposit with the FCM an amount of cash (or
other liquid assets, including U.S. Treasury securities for collateral, or
initial margin, that will be held at the clearinghouse or exchange in the name of the FCM. On a daily basis, the Master Managed Risk Fund will be required to post additional cash with the
FCM if a futures contract loses value or will receive cash if a futures contract
gains in value. This cash, known as variation margin, may be held intraday at the FCM. Cash received by the Master Managed Risk Fund may be invested in U.S. Treasury futures.
The Master Managed Risk Fund or an Underlying Fund may also hold cash or cash equivalents, including commercial paper and short-term securities
issued by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities. The Master
Managed Risk Fund may also hold money market fund shares as part of its cash position. The percentage of the Master Managed Risk Fund or an Underlying Fund invested in such holdings varies and
depends on various factors, including market conditions and purchases and
redemptions of fund shares. The Master Managed Risk Fund’s investment
adviser may determine that it is appropriate to invest a substantial portion of the Master Managed Risk Fund’s assets in such instruments in response to certain circumstances,
such as periods of market turmoil. For temporary defensive purposes, the Master
Managed Risk Fund or an Underlying Fund may invest without limitation in such instruments. A larger percentage of such holdings could moderate the investment results of the Master Managed Risk
Fund or an Underlying Fund in a period of rising market prices. Alternatively, a
larger percentage of such holdings could reduce the magnitude of loss in the Master Managed Risk Fund or an Underlying Fund in a period of falling market prices and provide liquidity to make
additional investments or to meet redemptions.
The Master Managed Risk Fund is non-diversified, which allows it to invest a greater
percentage of its assets in any one issuer than would otherwise be the case. However, through the Underlying Funds, the Master Managed Risk Fund owns a diversified mix of securities.
Capital Research may consider environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) factors
that, depending on the facts and circumstances, are material to the value of an issuer or instrument. ESG factors may include, but are not limited to, environmental issues (e.g.,
water use, emission levels, waste, environmental remediation), social issues (e.g.,
human capital, health and safety, changing customer