
Beginning balance at December 31, 2024	$	20,023
Expenditures	(209)

Accretion of discount	213

Foreign currency translation adjustments and other	92
Ending balance at March 31, 2025	20,119
Less amounts reported in Accrued expenses	4,193
Amounts reported in Other noncurrent liabilities	$	15,926

Environmental remediation liabilities included discounted liabilities of $16.8 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, discounted at rates with a weighted-average of 4.0%, and with the undiscounted amount totaling $34.4 million and $34.5 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

The amounts recorded represent our future remediation and other anticipated environmental liabilities. These liabilities typically arise during the normal course of our operational and environmental management activities or at the time of acquisition of the site, and are based on internal analysis as well as input from outside consultants. As evaluations proceed at each relevant site, changes in risk assessment practices, remediation techniques and regulatory requirements can occur, therefore such liability estimates may be adjusted accordingly. The timing and duration of remediation activities at these sites will be determined when evaluations are completed. Although it is difficult to quantify the potential financial impact of these remediation liabilities, management estimates (based on the latest available information) that there is a reasonable possibility that future environmental remediation costs associated with our past operations could represent an additional $40 million before income taxes, in excess of amounts already recorded.

We believe that any sum we may be required to pay in connection with environmental remediation matters in excess of the amounts recorded would likely occur over a period of time and would likely not have a material adverse effect upon our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows on a consolidated annual basis although any such sum could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows in a particular quarterly reporting period.

We are involved from time to time in legal proceedings of types regarded as common in our business, including administrative or judicial proceedings seeking remediation under environmental laws, such as the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, commonly known as CERCLA or Superfund, products liability, breach of contract liability and premises liability litigation. Where appropriate, we may establish financial reserves for such proceedings. We also maintain insurance to mitigate certain of such risks. Costs for legal services are generally expensed as incurred.

In April 2025, the Company concluded its non-prosecution agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) prior to the end of its term in recognition that the terms of the agreement had been satisfied. The non-prosecution agreement was implemented in September 2023 following the Company’s self-reporting of a matter that occurred in 2018.

We are indemnified by third parties in connection with certain matters related to acquired and divested businesses. Although we believe that the financial condition of those parties who may have indemnification obligations to the Company is generally sound, in the event the Company seeks indemnity under any of these agreements or through other means, there can be no assurance that any party who may have obligations to indemnify us will adhere to their obligations and we may have to resort to legal action to enforce our rights under the indemnities.

The Company may be subject to indemnity claims relating to properties or businesses it divested, including properties or businesses of acquired businesses that were divested prior to the completion of the acquisition. In the opinion of management, and based upon information currently available, the ultimate resolution of any indemnification obligations owed to the Company or by the Company is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company had approximately $11.0 million and $12.6 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, recorded in Other noncurrent liabilities, primarily related to the indemnification of certain income and non-income tax liabilities associated with the Chemetall Surface Treatment entities sold in 2017.

The Company has contracts with certain of its customers which serve as guarantees of product delivery and performance according to customer specifications that can cover both shipments on an individual basis, as well as blanket coverage of multiple shipments under certain customer supply contracts. The financial coverage provided by these guarantees is typically based on a percentage of net sales value. The Company is unable to estimate the maximum amount of the potential future liability under performance guarantees. However, the Company accrues for any potential loss for which we believe a future payment is probable and a range of loss can be reasonably estimated. At March 31, 2025, the Company believes its liability under such obligations is immaterial.