Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on April 2, 2024. The interim results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any future interim periods.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an emerging growth company as defined in Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), which exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised, and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s consolidated financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these consolidated financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liabilities. Such estimates may be subject to change as more current information becomes available and accordingly the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events.

Cash Held in Trust Account

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash.

To mitigate the risk of being deemed to have been operating as an unregistered investment company (including under the subjective test of Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act), on July 27, 2023, the Company instructed the Trustee of the Trust Account, to liquidate the U.S. government securities or money market funds held in the Trust Account and thereafter to hold all funds in the Trust Account in cash (which may include demand deposit accounts) until the earlier of consummation of our Business Combination or liquidation. Furthermore, such cash is held in bank accounts, which exceed federally insured limits as guaranteed by the FDIC.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation coverage limit. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had not experienced losses on these accounts.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments under the FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximate the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.

Income Taxes

The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s deferred tax asset for start up organizational expenses had a full valuation allowance recorded against it.

While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income (loss) and associated income tax provision based on actual results through March 31, 2024. The Company’s effective tax rate was (24.27)% and 27.08% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, primarily due to changes in the fair value in warrant liabilities, valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets and non-deductible M&A costs.

FASB ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023. No amounts were paid for interest and penalties for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.

Excise Tax

In connection with the vote to approve the charter amendment proposal presented at the March 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 6,756,695 shares of common stock properly exercised their right to redeem their shares of common stock for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $69.92 million. In connection with the approval of the Extension Amendment Proposal and the Trust Amendment Proposal at the Special Meeting on November 28, 2023, holders of 2,180,738 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.82 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $23.60 million. Immediately following the payment of the redemptions, the Trust Account had a balance of approximately $27.73 million before the Extension Payment. As such, the Company has recorded a 1% excise tax liability in the amount of $935,214 on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024. The liability does not impact the consolidated statements of operations and is offset against additional paid-in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid-in capital is not available.

Franchise Tax

The Company calculates Franchise Tax liability on a quarterly basis using the estimate calculator on the Delaware Franchise Tax website. At December 31, 2023, the Company had over accrued the amount due by approximately $56,000 and made an adjustment in the period ended March 31, 2024 to true up the amount due.

Shares of Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Shares of common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s shares of common stock sold in the IPO and as a result of the exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, on March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 2,562,567 shares of common stock subject to possible redemption were presented as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

On March 6, 2023, in connection with the approval of the extension amendment proposal and the trust amendment proposal presented at the March 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 6,756,695 of the Company’s shares of common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.35 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $69.92 million.

On November 28, 2023, in connection with the approval of the Extension Amendment Proposal and the Trust Amendment Proposal at the November 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 2,180,738 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.82 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $23.60 million.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the shares of common stock subject to possible redemption reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:

 Schedule of Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock

The Company complies with the accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share” and uses the two class method. Net (loss) income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the shares of common stock subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public stockholders.

The Company has one authorized class of common stock. Warrants included in the Units sold in the IPO (the “Public Warrants”) (see Note 3) and warrants included in the Private Placement Units (the “Private Placement Warrants,” together with the Public Warrants, the “warrants”) (see Note 4) to purchase 7,242,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $10.00 per share were issued on December 9, 2021. For the periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, no Public Warrants or Private Placement Warrants had been exercised. The 7,242,000 potential shares of common stock underlying the outstanding Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants to purchase the Company’s shares of common stock were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 because they are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. Additionally, the rights are able to be demanded on or any time after the Business Combination, and as the contingency has not been met, the rights are excluded from diluted earnings per share for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. As a result, diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock is the same as basic net income (loss) per share of common stock for the periods. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net income per share for each class of stock.

The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share (in dollars, except per share amounts):

Schedule of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Accounting for Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in FASB ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. The Company accounts for the warrants issued in connection with the Company’s IPO in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815 under which the public warrants meet the criteria for equity treatment and the private warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the private warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjust the private warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the warrants was estimated using a binomial lattice model.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which requires disclosure of incremental income tax information within the rate reconciliation and expanded disclosures of income taxes paid, among other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s management does not believe the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on April 2, 2024. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any future interim periods.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an emerging growth company as defined in Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), which exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised, and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s consolidated financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these consolidated financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liabilities. Such estimates may be subject to change as more current information becomes available and accordingly the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events.

Cash Held in Trust Account

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash.

To mitigate the risk of being deemed to have been operating as an unregistered investment company (including under the subjective test of Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act), on July 27, 2023, the Company instructed the Trustee of the Trust Account, to liquidate the U.S. government securities or money market funds held in the Trust Account and thereafter to hold all funds in the Trust Account in cash (which may include demand deposit accounts) until the earlier of consummation of our Business Combination or liquidation. Furthermore, such cash is held in bank accounts, which exceed federally insured limits as guaranteed by the FDIC.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation coverage limit. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had not experienced losses on these accounts.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments under the FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximate the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.

Income Taxes

The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s deferred tax asset for start up organizational expenses had a full valuation allowance recorded against it.

While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income (loss) and associated income tax provision based on actual results through September 30, 2024. The Company’s effective tax rate was (354.98)% and 9.71% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and (38.78)% and 25.84% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, primarily due to changes in the fair value in warrant liabilities, valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets, non-deductible M&A costs and penalties and prior year true up.

FASB ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023. No amounts were paid for interest and penalties for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.

Excise Tax

In connection with the vote to approve the charter amendment proposal presented at the March 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 6,756,695 shares of common stock properly exercised their right to redeem their shares of common stock for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $69.92 million. In connection with the approval of the Extension Amendment Proposal and the Trust Amendment Proposal at the Special Meeting on November 28, 2023, holders of 2,180,738 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.82 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $23.60 million. Immediately following the payment of the redemptions, the Trust Account had a balance of approximately $27.73 million before the Extension Payment. As such, the Company has recorded a 1% Excise Tax liability in the amount of $935,214 on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2024. The liability does not impact the consolidated statements of operations and is offset against additional paid-in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid-in capital is not available.

During the second quarter of 2024, the Internal Revenue Service issued final regulations with respect to the timing and payment of the Excise Tax. These regulations provided that the filing and payment deadline for any liability incurred during the period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 would be October 31, 2024.

The Company is currently evaluating its options with respect to this obligation. Any amount of such Excise Tax not paid in full, will be subject to additional interest and penalties which are currently estimated at 10% interest per annum and a 5% underpayment penalty per month or portion of a month up to 25% of the total liability for any amount that is unpaid from November 1, 2024 until paid in full.

Franchise Tax

The Company calculates Franchise Tax liability on a quarterly basis using the estimate calculator on the Delaware Franchise Tax website. At December 31, 2023, the Company had over accrued the amount due by approximately $56,000 and made an adjustment in the period ended September 30, 2024 to true up the amount due.

Shares of Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Shares of common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s shares of common stock sold in the IPO and as a result of the exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, on September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 2,562,567 shares of common stock subject to possible redemption were presented as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

On March 6, 2023, in connection with the approval of the extension amendment proposal and the trust amendment proposal presented at the March 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 6,756,695 of the Company’s shares of common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.35 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $69.92 million.

On November 28, 2023, in connection with the approval of the Extension Amendment Proposal and the Trust Amendment Proposal at the November 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 2,180,738 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.82 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $23.60 million.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the shares of common stock subject to possible redemption reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:

Schedule of Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption 

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock

The Company complies with the accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share” and uses the two class method. Net (loss) income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the shares of common stock subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public stockholders.

The Company has one authorized class of common stock. Warrants included in the Units sold in the IPO (the “Public Warrants”) (see Note 3) and warrants included in the Private Placement Units (the “Private Placement Warrants,” together with the Public Warrants, the “warrants”) (see Note 4) to purchase 7,242,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $10.00 per share were issued on December 9, 2021. For the periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, no Public Warrants or Private Placement Warrants had been exercised. The 7,242,000 potential shares of common stock underlying the outstanding Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants to purchase the Company’s shares of common stock were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 because they are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. Additionally, the rights are able to be demanded on or any time after the Business Combination, and as the contingency has not been met, the rights are excluded from diluted earnings per share for the periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. As a result, diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock is the same as basic net income (loss) per share of common stock for the periods. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net income per share for each class of stock.

The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share (in dollars, except per share amounts):

Schedule of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share 

Accounting for Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in FASB ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. The Company accounts for the warrants issued in connection with the Company’s IPO in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815 under which the public warrants meet the criteria for equity treatment and the private warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the private warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjust the private warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the warrants was estimated using a binomial lattice model.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which requires disclosure of incremental income tax information within the rate reconciliation and expanded disclosures of income taxes paid, among other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s management does not believe the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an emerging growth company as defined in Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), which exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised, and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s consolidated financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these consolidated financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liabilities. Such estimates may be subject to change as more current information becomes available and accordingly the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events.

Cash and cash held in escrow

The Company had $79,073 of cash and $81,763 and cash held in escrow on December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023 the Company transferred the cash amount held in escrow to a newly opened bank account.

Cash and investments Held in Trust Account

Cash Held in Trust Account 

As of December 31, 2022, substantially all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in money market funds. Assets held in money market funds were invested primarily in U.S. Treasury securities. All of the Company’s investments held in the Trust Account were classified as trading securities. Trading securities are presented on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of investments held in Trust Account are included in interest earned on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

To mitigate the risk of being deemed to have been operating as an unregistered investment company (including under the subjective test of Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act), on July 27, 2023, the Company instructed the Trustee of the Trust Account, to liquidate the U.S. government securities or money market funds held in the Trust Account and thereafter to hold all funds in the Trust Account in cash (which may include demand deposit accounts) until the earlier of consummation of our Business Combination or liquidation. Furthermore, such cash is held in bank accounts, which exceed federally insured limits as guaranteed by the FDIC.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the FDIC coverage limit. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has not experienced losses on these accounts.

Fair value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments under the FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximate the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.

Income Taxes

The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s deferred tax asset for start up organizational expenses had a full valuation allowance recorded against it.

FASB ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022. No amounts were accrued for the payment of interest and penalties for the year ended December 31, 2023. Interest and penalties related to the December 31, 2022 tax return of $11,888 was expensed on December 31, 2023. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.

Excise Tax

In connection with the vote to approve the charter amendment proposal presented at the March 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 6,756,695 shares of common stock properly exercised their right to redeem their shares of common stock for an aggregate redemption amount of $69,920,079. In connection with the approval of the Extension Amendment Proposal and the Trust Amendment Proposal at the Special Meeting on November 28, 2023, holders of 2,180,738 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.82 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $23.60 million. Immediately following the payment of the redemptions, the Trust Account had a balance of approximately $27.73 million before the Extension Payment. As such, the Company has recorded a 1% excise tax liability in the amount of $935,214 on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023. The liability does not impact the consolidated statements of operations and is offset against additional paid-in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid-in capital is not available.

Shares of Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Shares of common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s shares of common stock sold in the IPO and as a result of the exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, on December 31, 2023 and 2022, 2,562,567 and 11,500,000 shares of common stock subject to possible redemption were presented as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

On March 6, 2023, in connection with the approval of the extension amendment proposal and the trust amendment proposal presented at the March 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 6,756,695 of the Company’s shares of common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.35 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $69.92 million.

On November 28, 2023, in connection with the approval of the Extension Amendment Proposal and the Trust Amendment Proposal at the November 2023 Special Meeting, holders of 2,180,738 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem those shares for cash at an approximate price of $10.82 per share, for an aggregate of approximately $23.60 million.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the shares of common stock subject to possible redemption reflected in the consolidated balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:

Schedule of Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

Net Income Per Share of Common Stock

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock 

The Company complies with the accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share” and uses the two class method. Net income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the shares of common stock subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public stockholders.

The Company has one authorized class of common stock. Warrants included in the Units sold in the IPO (the “Public Warrants”) (see Note 3) and warrants included in the Private Placement Units (the “Private Placement Warrants,” together with the Public Warrants, the “warrants”) (see Note 4) to purchase 7,242,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $10.00 per share were issued on December 9, 2021. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, no Public Warrants or Private Placement Warrants had been exercised. The 7,242,000 potential shares of common stock underlying the outstanding Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants to purchase the Company’s shares of common stock were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 because they are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. Additionally, the rights are able to be demanded on or any time after the Business Combination, and as the contingency has not been met, the rights are excluded from diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. As a result, diluted net income per share of common stock is the same as basic net income per share of common stock for the periods. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net income per share for each class of stock.

The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share (in dollars, except per share amounts):

Schedule of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Accounting for Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in FASB ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. The Company accounts for the warrants issued in connection with the Company’s IPO in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815 under which the public warrants meet the criteria for equity treatment and the private warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the private warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjust the private warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the warrants was estimated using a binomial lattice model.

Recent Accounting Standards

 Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which requires disclosure of incremental income tax information within the rate reconciliation and expanded disclosures of income taxes paid, among other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s management does not believe the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.