for

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Filed by the Registrant ☒

Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐

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☐ Preliminary Proxy Statement

☐ Confidential, For Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

☒ Definitive Proxy Statement

☐ Definitive Additional Materials

☐ Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12

ADVANTAGE SOLUTIONS INC.

(Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if Other than the Registrant)

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☐ Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.

☐ Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.

Advantage Solutions Inc.

8001 Forsyth Boulevard

Suite 1025

Clayton, Missouri 63105

Dear Stockholder:

You are invited to attend the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) of Advantage Solutions Inc. (“Advantage”, the “Company”, “we” or “our”), which will be held on May 29, 2024 at 11:00 am Central Time as a virtual meeting. The Annual Meeting will be held in a virtual meeting format only. You will be able to attend the meeting, vote and submit your questions via the Internet by visiting www.proxydocs.com/ADV and entering the control number included on your proxy card. You will not be able to attend the virtual Annual Meeting physically in person.

Attached to this letter are a Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders and proxy statement, which describe the business to be conducted at the Annual Meeting.

YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT TO US. Whether you own a few shares or many, and whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, we urge you to promptly submit your vote via the Internet, telephone or mail.

On behalf of the board of directors and management, I would like to express our appreciation for your continued support.

Very truly yours,
 

David Peacock

Chief Executive Officer

April 23, 2024

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

OF ADVANTAGE SOLUTIONS INC.

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting: Our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the 2024 Proxy Statement are available free of charge at: www.proxydocs.com/ADV.

By order of the board of directors,

Bryce Robinson

Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary

April 23, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GENERAL INFORMATION

THE ANNUAL MEETING

The 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) of Advantage Solutions Inc. (“Advantage,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our”) will take place on May 29, 2024 at 11:00 am Central Time.

This year’s annual meeting will be a completely virtual meeting of stockholders through an audio webcast live over the Internet. There will be no physical meeting location. The meeting will only be conducted via an audio webcast. Please go to www.proxydocs.com/ADV for instructions on how to attend and participate in the Annual Meeting. Any stockholder may attend and listen live to the webcast of the Annual Meeting over the Internet at such website. Stockholders as of the Record Date may vote and submit questions while attending the Annual Meeting via the Internet by following the instructions listed on your proxy card. The webcast starts at 11:00 am Central Time, on May 29, 2024. We encourage you to access the meeting prior to the start time.

You may vote by telephone, over the Internet or by completing, signing, dating and returning your proxy card as soon as possible in the enclosed postage prepaid envelope.

VOTING RIGHTS

Stockholder of Record. If your shares are registered directly in your name with our transfer agent, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, you are considered the “stockholder of record,” with respect to those shares. The proxy materials will be sent to you by mail directly by us. As a stockholder of record, you may vote in person at the Annual Meeting or vote by proxy. Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting virtually, we urge you to vote on the Internet or by phone or mail as instructed in the proxy card to ensure your vote is counted.

Beneficial Owner. If your shares are held in a stock brokerage account or by a bank or other nominee, you are considered the “beneficial owner” of shares held in street name. The organization holding your account is considered the stockholder of record for purposes of voting at the Annual Meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker, bank, or other agent on how to vote the shares in your account. Your brokerage firm, bank, or other agent will not be able to vote in the election of directors unless they have your voting instructions, so it is very important that you indicate your voting instructions to the institution holding your shares. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are also invited to attend the Annual Meeting virtually. However, since you are not the stockholder of record, you may not vote your shares in person at the Annual Meeting unless you request and obtain a valid proxy from your broker, bank, or other agent.

Only holders of the Company’s Class A common stock (“Class A common stock”), as recorded in our stock register at the close of business on April 5, 2024, may vote at the annual meeting. On April 5, 2024, there were 323,938,300 shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding. As of the date of this proxy statement, the Company has not issued any shares of its preferred stock. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share on any matter submitted to a vote of our stockholders.

ITEMS OF BUSINESS

There are three matters scheduled for a vote:

Aside from the election of directors, the ratification of the selection of our independent registered public accounting firm and the advisory vote on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers, the Company’s board of directors (“board of directors” or the “Board”) knows of no matters to be presented at the Annual Meeting. If any

other matter is properly brought before the Annual Meeting, shares represented by all proxies received by the Board will be voted with respect thereto in accordance with the judgment of the persons appointed as proxies.

VOTING RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD

The Board recommends that you vote your shares:

HOW TO VOTE

You may vote “For” or “Withhold” with respect to each nominee to the Board. For Proposals 2 and 3, you may vote “For”, “Against” or abstain from voting. The procedures for voting are outlined below.

If you are a stockholder of record as of the Record Date, you may vote during the Annual Meeting by (i) attending the Annual Meeting virtually and following the instructions posted at www.proxydocs.com/ADV, or (ii) by proxy (x) over the Internet at www.proxypush.com/ADV, (y) by phone by calling 1-844-325-1107 or (z) by signing and returning the proxy card in the enclosed envelope. Whichever method you use, giving us your proxy means you authorize us to vote your shares at the meeting in the manner you direct. If you submit a proxy but do not specify how to vote, the Company representatives named in the proxy will vote your shares in favor of the director nominees identified in this proxy statement and for Proposals 2 and 3.

Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting virtually, we urge you to vote by proxy to ensure your vote is counted. You may still attend the Annual Meeting virtually and vote during the Annual Meeting if you have already voted by proxy.

If you are a beneficial owner and hold shares through another party, such as a bank or brokerage firm, you may receive material from them asking how you want to vote. Simply follow the instructions to ensure that your vote is counted. To vote in person at the Annual Meeting you must obtain a valid proxy from your broker, bank, or other agent. Follow the instructions from your broker, bank, or other agent included with the notice, or contact your broker, bank, or other agent.

You may receive more than one set of proxy materials depending on how you hold your shares. Please vote all of your shares. To ensure that all of your shares are voted, for each set of proxy materials, please submit your proxy by phone, via the Internet, or by signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the enclosed envelope.

REVOKING A PROXY

A stockholder of record may revoke any proxy which is not irrevocable by submitting a new proxy bearing a later date, by voting by telephone or over the Internet, or by delivering to the Corporate Secretary of the Company a revocation of the proxy in writing so that it is received by the Company prior to the Annual Meeting at 8001 Forsyth Boulevard, Suite 1025, Clayton, Missouri 63105. A proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power.

If you are a beneficial owner, you may revoke your proxy by submitting new instructions to your broker, bank, or other agent, or if you have received a proxy from your broker, bank, or other agent giving you the right to vote your shares at the Annual Meeting, by attending the meeting virtually and voting during the meeting.

SOLICITATION

These proxy materials are being provided in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Company and are first being sent to stockholders on or about April 23, 2024. In addition to this mailing, the Company’s employees may solicit proxies personally, electronically or by telephone. The Company pays the costs of soliciting proxies. We also reimburse brokers and other nominees for their expenses in sending these materials to you and obtaining your voting instructions.

VOTES REQUIRED

The vote required for Proposal 1 for the election of directors by stockholders shall be the plurality of the votes cast with respect to a director nominee. This means that the director nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative ‘for’ votes will be elected. As a result, any shares not voted ‘for’ a particular nominee, whether as a result of a ‘withhold’ vote or a “broker non-vote” (as defined below), will not be counted in such nominee’s favor and will have no effect on the outcome of the election.

Approval of Proposals 2 and 3 requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of stock present at the virtual Annual Meeting or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the subject matter. For Proposals 2 and 3, an abstention will have the same effect as a vote against the proposal because an abstention represents a share considered present and entitled to vote. Proposal 3 is advisory only and will not be binding on the Company or the Board.

If your shares are held by a broker, the broker will ask you how you want your shares to be voted. If you give the broker instructions, your shares must be voted as you direct. If you do not give voting instructions for Proposal 2 relating to the ratification of the appointment of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, the broker may vote your shares at its discretion. For the remaining proposals, including the election of directors, which are “non-routine” matters, the broker cannot vote your shares if you do not give voting instructions with respect to such proposals. When that happens, it is called a “broker non-vote.” Broker non-votes are counted in determining the presence of a quorum at the meeting, but they will have no effect on the voting for Proposals 1 and 3 because they do not represent shares present and entitled to vote.

As of April 5, 2024, Karman Topco L.P. (“Topco”) beneficially owned and had the right to vote 186,801,313 of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class A common stock (representing 57.7% of the voting power) and have advised us that they intend to vote all such shares in accordance with the recommendations of the Board set forth herein with respect to each proposal and nominee. As a result, assuming Topco votes in accordance with such recommendations of the Board, we would have a quorum at the Annual Meeting, and each director nominee would be elected and the other current proposals would be approved.

QUORUM

In order to carry on the business of the meeting, we must have a quorum. This means that the holders of record of a majority of the voting power of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting must be represented at the Annual Meeting, either by proxy or present at the virtual Annual Meeting.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of such class or series or classes or series, present at the virtual Annual Meeting or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to the vote on that matter. Once a quorum is present to organize a meeting, it shall not be broken by the subsequent withdrawal of any stockholders.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The following sets forth certain information, as of April 5, 2024 and certain other information for each person who serves as a director with terms expiring at the Annual Meeting, each person who is a nominee for election at the Annual Meeting and each of the continuing directors. References to “the Company” in this section mean the entity Advantage Solutions Inc., formerly known as Conyers Park II Acquisition Corp. References to “Conyers Park” in this section mean such entity before it changed its name.

* Term expiration assuming reelection, at the Annual Meeting.

Christopher Baldwin currently serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of the board of directors of Constellation Brands Inc. (NYSE: STZ), a leading beverage alcohol company. He also serves on the board of directors BJ’s Wholesale Club Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: BJ) (“BJ’s”), a membership-only warehouse chain, and has been a member of the board since 2015, and served as chairman of the board of BJ’s during that time span. Mr. Baldwin has informed BJ’s that he will not stand for re-election when his directorship expires in June 2024. Previously, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of BJ’s in 2015 and also served as Chief Executive Officer of the company from February 2016 until February 2020. He also currently serves as a Managing Partner of CVC Capital Partners (“CVC”), a private equity firm advising funds that indirectly hold equity interests in the Company and Topco. He also served as Chief Executive Officer of Hess Retail Corporation, a global independent energy company, from 2010 to March 2015. He has also held executive roles at Kraft Foods Group, Inc., a food and beverage company, from 2007 to 2010, The Hershey Company, a global confectionary manufacturer, from 2004 to 2007, Nabisco, a manufacturer of cookies and snacks, and The Procter & Gamble Company, a multinational consumer goods corporation. Mr. Baldwin is the former chairman of the board of the National Retail Federation, the world’s largest retail trade association. Mr. Baldwin is also active in the community, serving as an executive board member at Harlem Lacrosse and Leadership, a school-based nonprofit that provides educational intervention, leadership training and lacrosse for at-risk youth. Mr. Baldwin graduated from Siena College in Loudonville, New York with a bachelor’s degree in Economics.

We believe Mr. Baldwin is qualified to serve as a director due to his extensive experience leading consumer and retail businesses and board experience in the retail industry.

Cameron Breitner has served as a director of the Company since October 2020, and of Topco since July 2014. Mr. Breitner is currently a senior advisor to CVC, a private equity firm advising funds that indirectly hold equity

interests in the Company and Topco. From 2007 to February 2024, Mr. Breitner was a Managing Partner and the head of CVC’s San Francisco office, overseeing CVC’s private equity activities on the West Coast, and shared responsibility for overseeing the firm’s US private equity investment activities. Prior to joining CVC in 2007, Mr. Breitner worked at Centre Partners, a private equity firm, where he was Managing Director and had worked since 1998. Prior to Centre Partners, Mr. Breitner worked in M&A at Bowles Hollowell Conner & Co., an investment banking firm. Mr. Breitner also serves on the board of directors for Petco and the parent holding company of Worldwide Express & GlobalTranz. Previously, he served on the board of directors for numerous public and private companies, including BJ’s Wholesale Club Holdings, Inc. and Leslie’s Pool Supplies. He received his B.A. in Psychology from Duke University.

We believe Mr. Breitner is qualified to serve as a director due to his knowledge and experience in accounting, finance and capital structure, strategic planning and leadership of complex organizations, consumer and retail businesses, and board practices of other major corporations.

Virginie Costa has served as a director of the Company since October 2020. Ms. Costa has served as Senior Vice President Finance North America of Mondelēz since July 2023. Ms. Costa brings over 20 years of financial and operational experience with brands focused on consumer experience. Ms. Costa was the Global Chief Financial Officer of Wella AG from June 2021 to December 2022 and of Godiva Chocolatier from August 2018 to June 2021. Prior to that, she served at Burberry Americas as the Chief Financial and Operations Officer from February 2013 to August 2018, and Chief Financial Officer from May 2011 to February 2013. She served in a number of executive positions with Hermes of Paris, Inc. in New York City, including as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer from December 2005 to May 2011. She began her career in public accounting and consulting at KPMG LLP and Arthur Andersen LLP. Ms. Costa received her “Diplome des Grandes Ecoles de Commerce,” equivalent of an MBA in the United States, at France’s Ecole Superieure de Commerce de Nantes (since renamed as Audencia).

We believe Ms. Costa is qualified to serve as a director due to her extensive experience in accounting and financial matters for global consumer brands.

Timothy J. Flynn has served as a director of the Company since October 2020 and of Topco since July 2014. Mr. Flynn is currently a partner with Leonard Green & Partners, L.P. (“LGP”). Prior to joining LGP in 2003, Mr. Flynn had been a director in the investment banking department of Credit Suisse First Boston (CSFB), a financial services company, which he joined in 2000 following CSFB’s acquisition of Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette (DLJ), an investment bank. Mr. Flynn had been with DLJ since 1996 and had previously worked in the Mergers and Acquisitions group at Paine Webber Inc., a financial services company. Mr. Flynn also serves on the boards of the following companies or their affiliates: The Wrench Group, Veritext Legal Solutions, Insight Global and OMNIA Partners, and has served on the boards of CCC Information Services, United States Infrastructure Corp., Pye-Barker, The Container Store, and Tank Holdings Corp., among others. Mr. Flynn served as the chair of The Container Store’s culture and compensation committee. He received his B.A. in Economics and Political Science from Brown University.

We believe Mr. Flynn is qualified to serve as a director due to his particular knowledge and experience in accounting, finance and capital structure, strategic planning and leadership of complex organizations, retail businesses and board practices of other major corporations.

Brian K. Ratzan has served as a director of the Company from its inception. He was the Chief Financial Officer and a Director of Conyers Park from its inception to October 2020. Mr. Ratzan was previously the Chief Financial Officer and a Director of Conyers Park III Acquisition Corp., a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company. Mr. Ratzan has also been a Partner of Centerview Capital Consumer since April 2014. Mr. Ratzan has over 25 years of private equity investing experience. Prior to joining Centerview Capital Consumer, Mr. Ratzan was Partner and Head of U.S. Private Equity at Pamplona Capital Management from January 2012 to February 2014. Prior to joining Pamplona, he was Managing Director and Head of Consumer at Vestar Capital Partners, which he joined in 1998. Mr. Ratzan also previously worked at ‘21’ International Holdings, a private investment firm and in the Investment Banking Group at Donaldson, Lufkin and Jenrette. Since July 2017, Mr. Ratzan has served as a director on the board of directors of The Simply Good Foods Company. Mr. Ratzan previously served on the boards of other consumer companies including Del Monte Foods, The Sun Products Corporation (formerly known as Huish Detergents, Inc.),

and Birds Eye Foods, Inc. Mr. Ratzan holds a bachelor’s degree in economics from the University of Michigan, where he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa, and a M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.

We believe Mr. Ratzan is qualified to serve as a director due to his extensive investment management and transactional experience.

James M. Kilts has served as a director of the Company since October 2020 and of Topco since September 2014. Since March 31, 2023, he has served as Chairman of our Board of Directors, a position he also held from October 2020 to April 1, 2022. He also served as Executive Chairman of Conyers Park from its inception to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (as defined below). Mr. Kilts is the Founding Partner of Centerview Capital Consumer, founded in 2006. Previously, Mr. Kilts served as Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President of Gillette from 2001 until it merged with The Procter & Gamble Company in 2005; at that time he became Vice Chairman of the Board of The Procter & Gamble Company. Prior to Gillette, Mr. Kilts served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Nabisco from 1998 until its acquisition by The Philip Morris Companies in 2000. Before joining Nabisco, Mr. Kilts was an Executive Vice President of The Philip Morris Companies from 1994 to 1997 and headed the Worldwide Food Group. Mr. Kilts had previously served as President of Kraft USA and Oscar Mayer. He also had been Senior Vice President of Strategy and Development, President of Kraft Limited in Canada and Senior Vice President of Kraft International. Mr. Kilts is currently Chairman of The Simply Good Foods Company, where he has served since 2017, and a member of the board of directors of Viatris Inc. where he has served since November 2020. Mr. Kilts served on the board of MetLife, Inc. from 2005 until June 2020, Pfizer Inc., from 2007 until November 2020, Conyers Park II Acquisition Corp. from 2019 until September 2020 and Unifi, Inc. from 2016 until July 2022. Mr. Kilts was Non-Executive Director of the Board of Nielsen Holdings PLC (from 2006 until 2017), Chairman of the Board of Nielsen Holdings PLC (from 2011 until 2013) and Chairman of the Nielsen Company B.V. (from 2009 until 2014). Mr. Kilts received a bachelor’s degree in History from Knox College, Galesburg, Illinois and earned an MBA degree from the University of Chicago.

We believe Mr. Kilts is qualified to serve as a director due to his deep consumer industry background, coupled with broad operational and transactional experience.

Adam Levyn has served on the board of directors of the Company since October 2023 and is currently a Partner with Leonard Green & Partner, L.P. a firm specializing in private equity investments. Prior to joining Leonard Green & Partner, L.P. in 2011, Mr. Levyn worked in private equity at Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. in their New York office from 2007 to 2009 and in the Global Industrials Group of Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. in their New York office from 2005 to 2007. Since October 2020, he has served on the board of directors of Clarivate Plc (NYSE: CLVT), a company that operates a collection of subscription-based services. Mr. Levyn currently also serves on the boards of the following privately held companies: CHG Healthcare Services, ExamWorks Group, Inc., HUB International Limited, OMNIA Partners, Inc., Parts Town LLC, Service Logic LLC and SRS Distribution Inc., and has served on the boards of CPA Global Limited, Restorix Health Inc., Tank Holdings Corp, and United States Infrastructure Corporation. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Princeton University and a M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.

We believe Mr. Levyn is qualified to serve as a director due to extensive experience in finance with service businesses.

Jody Macedonio has served on the board of directors of the Company since May 2023. Ms. Macedonio is a senior financial executive with more than 25 years of experience in the consumer packaged goods (“CPG”) industry, including positions with Nestle, Frito Lay and Henkel. Ms. Macedonio served as the Chief Financial Officer of Meati, a maker of animal-free meat alternatives, from August 2022 through November 2023. From December 2020 until June 2022, Ms. Macedonio was the Chief Financial Officer of Chobani, a food and beverage company. She was previously the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of 8th Avenue Food & Provision, a private label company from August 2020 to December 2020, and of Dean Foods from February 2018 to October 2019. Following Ms. Macedonio’s departure from Dean Foods, the company filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in November 2019. She served in various roles at Henkel AG and its subsidiary, Sun Products, from 2012 to 2018, including as Senior Vice President Finance, Laundry & Beauty Divisions. She currently serves on the board of directors of

Nutrabolt, a private CPG beverage company. Ms. Macedonio received a Bachelor of Science degree from Colorado State University, and a Master in Business Administration from the University of Colorado.

We believe Ms. Macedonio is qualified to serve as a director due to deep consumer industry background, coupled with broad financial experience.

Robin Manherz has served on the board of directors of the Company since October 2021. Ms. Manherz brings 25 years of experience in technology and business. Ms. Manherz has been the Head of Marquee Go-to-Market at ServiceNow, Inc. since March 2024. From June 2021 to January 2024, Ms. Manherz served as the Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer, Customer Success at SAP. She was previously the Executive Vice President & Chief Performance Officer of SAP SE from February 2020 to June 2021. From July 2018 to February 2020, she served as the Senior Vice President, Global Corporate Portfolio Planning and Commercialization. She was also Chief Operating Officer of SAP SuccessFactors from January 2017 to July 2018. From 2007 to 2017, she held several executive positions within SAP SE, including Senior Vice President, Global Commercial Operations from September 2014 to January 2017. Ms. Manherz has also served on the board of directors for Qualtrics International Inc. since July 2022. She received a Bachelor of Science degree, summa cum laude, in Management from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

We believe Ms. Manherz is qualified to serve as a director due to her extensive experience in the technology services industry, coupled with broad operational and transactional experience.

Adam Nebesar has served on the board of directors of the Company and of Topco since March 2022. Mr. Nebesar is a Partner in the Consumer, Retail & Dining Vertical and a member of the North American Private Equity team of Bain Capital Private Equity, LP (“Bain Capital”). Prior to joining Bain Capital in 2006, Mr. Nebesar was a consultant at The Boston Consulting Group. Mr. Nebesar also serves on the boards of the following private companies or their affiliates: 1440 Foods, Dessert Holdings, Fogo de Chao and Virgin Voyages. He received an MBA from Harvard Business School, an MPhil in Economics from the University of Cambridge, and an AB in Economics from Princeton University.

We believe Mr. Nebesar is qualified to serve as a director due to his extensive financial and operational experience in multi-national consumer goods businesses.

Deborah Poole has served as a director of the Company since May 2022. Ms. Poole is an experienced board member and C-suite leader in the consumer technology and ecommerce sectors. Ms. Poole has served on the board of directors of Idelic, Inc., a SaaS company in commercial trucking safety analytics, since July 2021. From April 2020 and until its acquisition by Uber Technologies, Inc. in October 2021, Ms. Poole served on the board of directors of Drizly, LLC, a consumer alcohol delivery platform and marketplace. Ms. Poole also serves on the board of directors of CareRev, Sendle, PBC and Placemakr. From 2019 to 2021, Ms. Poole served as Chief Business Officer at Whoop, Inc., a digital health wearable startup. At Whoop, Ms. Poole was responsible for ecommerce operations, as well as strategy and enterprise sales. From 2010 to 2019, Ms. Poole held various roles at Wayfair LLC, including at Wayfair Canada, which she founded as General Manager. Ms. Poole also led global talent acquisition for Wayfair from 2015 to 2018. Ms. Poole received a M.S. from Georgia Tech, and a B.A. from Harvard University.

We believe Ms. Poole is qualified to serve as a director due to her extensive experience with high growth technology companies.

Tiffany Han has served as a director of the Company since October 2020 and of Topco since June 2020. Ms. Han has served as a member of the Human Capital Committee since February 2022. Ms. Han is a managing director with CVC, a private equity firm advising funds that indirectly hold shares in the Company and Topco. Prior to joining CVC in 2013, Ms. Han worked at UBS Investment Bank in the Mergers & Acquisitions group, which she joined in 2011. Ms. Han is also on the board of the parent holding company of PDC Brands. She received her Bachelor in Business Administration from Emory University.

We believe Ms. Han is qualified to serve as a director due to her knowledge and experience in finance as well as consumer and retail businesses.

David Peacock has served as Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Chief Executive Officer of Topco since February 2023. Prior to this, Mr. Peacock served as the Chief Operating Officer of Continental Grain Company, a global investor, owner and operator of companies across the food and agribusiness spectrum, from October 2021 until January 2023 and served as a member of its board of directors from April 2021 to June 2022. He also served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Schnuck Markets, Inc., a family-owned grocery retailer, from May 2017 to October 2021 and served on its board of directors until January 2023. Previously, Mr. Peacock served on the board for, and was the founder and chairman of, Vitaligent, LLC, a multi-unit restaurant franchise until the business was sold in 2022. Mr. Peacock also spent approximately 20 years in various roles at Anheuser-Busch, a brewing company, including serving as senior advisor from February 2012 to June 2012, president from November 2008 to February 2012, vice president of marketing from October 2007 to November 2008, and vice president of business operations from December 2004 to September 2007. He also serves on the board of directors of Wayne-Sanderson Farms, a privately held poultry business, since the closing of the merger of Sanderson Farms and Wayne Farms in July 2022. Mr. Peacock has also served as a member of the board of directors of Stifel Financial Corp. (NYSE: SF) since 2017 and is currently lead director for the company. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of the Urban League of Metropolitan St. Louis, a member of the Board of Directors of Pink Ribbon Good. Mr. Peacock received his B.A. from the University of Kansas and his Masters of Business Administration & Management from Washington University in St. Louis.

We believe Mr. Peacock is qualified to serve as a director due to his extensive knowledge of the consumer

goods industries as well as his experience as Advantage’s Chief Executive Officer.

David J. West has served as a director of the Company since May 2019. He served as the Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Conyers Park from May 2019 to October 2020. Mr. West served as the Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Conyers Park III until August 2023. Mr. West serves as a member of the Board of Trustees of Bucknell University. Mr. West is an established leader in the consumer industry, with nearly 30 years of experience leading a range of companies and well-known brands. Mr. West became a partner of Centerview Capital Consumer in May 2016. Prior to joining Centerview Capital Consumer, Mr. West served as Chief Executive Officer and President of Big Heart Pet Brands (formerly known as Del Monte Foods) from August 2011 to March 2015, at that time one of the world’s largest pure-play pet food and treats company whose brands included Meow Mix, Kibbles ‘n Bits, Milk-Bone, and others. Mr. West helped reposition the business to increase focus on growth and innovation, launched new products such as Milk-Bone Brushing Chews, enhanced specialty pet distribution channels through the acquisition of Natural Balance Pet Foods, and developed a marketing culture to effectively promote products. Mr. West worked closely with Mr. Kilts during this time period, as Mr. Kilts was Chairman of the Board of Big Heart Pet Brands. In February 2014, Mr. West oversaw the sale of Del Monte Foods’ Consumer Products business and changed the company’s name to Big Heart Pet Brands, reflecting its singular focus on pet food and snacks. During his tenure as Chief Executive Officer, Mr. West oversaw the creation of approximately $2 billion of equity value for investors. Big Heart Pet Brands was sold to The J. M. Smucker Company in March 2015, at which time Mr. West served The J. M. Smucker Company as President, Big Heart Pet Food and Snacks until March 2016 and as a Senior Advisor until April 2016. Prior to joining Del Monte Foods, Mr. West served as the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of Hershey from 2007 to May 2011. Under Mr. West’s leadership, Hershey experienced strong profits, net sales growth and shareholder returns, and was recognized as one of the World’s 100 Most Innovative Companies by Forbes Magazine in 2011. During Mr. West’s tenure as Chief Executive Officer, Hershey increased its investment in domestic and international operations, improved the effectiveness of its supply chain and business model, and accelerated its advertising, brand building and distribution programs. The success created by Mr. West’s leadership at Hershey led to more than $5 billion of equity value creation for shareholders during his tenure. Hershey’s share price appreciated 68% during this time period, while the S&P 500 was flat. Prior to his Chief Executive Officer role, Mr. West held various leadership positions at Hershey including Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Customer Officer, and Senior Vice President of Strategy and Business Development. Prior to joining Hershey in 2001, Mr. West spent 14 years with the Nabisco Biscuit and Snacks group, where he held a range of senior positions including Senior Vice President, Finance, and Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Business Planning, a role in which he helped shape and execute Nabisco’s strategy, culminating in the acquisition of Nabisco Holdings Corp. by The Philip Morris Companies in 2000. At Nabisco, Mr. West worked

closely with Mr. Kilts during Mr. Kilts’ tenure as Chief Executive Officer. Since July 2016, Mr. West has served as the Vice-Chairman of the Board of The Simply Good Foods Company. Mr. West also serves on the board of directors of Scholar Leaders International, a non-for-profit entity. Mr. West was a member of the board of directors of Hershey from 2007 to 2011, Del Monte Foods from 2011 to 2014 and Big Heart Pet Brands from 2014 to 2015. Mr. West received a Bachelor of Science degree, cum laude, in Business Administration from Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.

We believe Mr. West is qualified to serve as a director due to his deep consumer industry background, coupled with broad operational and transactional experience across many industries.

COMPOSITION OF OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors. Our board of directors currently consists of 14 directors. Subject to the terms of the Stockholders Agreement (defined below), our certificate of incorporation and our Third Amended and Restated Bylaws (our “Bylaws”), the number of directors is fixed by our board of directors. At each annual meeting of stockholders, a class of directors will be elected for a three-year term to succeed the same class whose term is then expiring.

In connection with the completion of the transaction contemplated by that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of September 7, 2020 (the “Merger Agreement”), the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Stockholders Agreement (the “Stockholders Agreement”) with Conyers Park II Sponsor LLC, an affiliate of Centerview Capital Management, LLC (the “CP Sponsor”), Topco, CVC ASM Holdco, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the “CVC Stockholder”), the entities identified therein under the heading “LGP Stockholders” (collectively, the “LGP Stockholder”) and BC Eagle Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (the “Bain Stockholder”), and the other parties named therein (collectively, the “Stockholder Parties”). The Stockholders Agreement provides, among other things, that the Stockholder Parties agree to cast their votes such that our board of directors is constituted as set forth in the Stockholders Agreement and the Merger Agreement and will have certain rights to designate directors to our board of directors, in each case, on the terms and subject to the conditions therein.

Under the Stockholders Agreement, each Stockholder Party has agreed to cast all votes to which such entities are entitled such that our board of directors shall be constituted as follows. For so long as the CVC Stockholder beneficially owns 10% or greater of our Class A common stock, it shall be entitled to nominate two directors (each, a “CVC Director”), with such right (i) decreasing to one director at such time when the CVC Stockholder beneficially owns equal to or greater than 5% but less than 10% of our Class A common stock; and (ii) terminating at such time when the CVC Stockholder beneficially owns less than 5% of our Class A common stock. For so long as the LGP Stockholders beneficially own 10% or greater of our Class A common stock, the LGP Stockholders shall be entitled to nominate two directors (each, a “LGP Director”), with such right (i) decreasing to one director at such time when the LGP Stockholders beneficially own equal to or greater than 5% but less than 10% of our Class A common stock; and (ii) terminating at such time when the LGP Stockholders beneficially own less than 5% of our Class A common stock. For so long as the Bain Stockholder beneficially owns 5% or greater of our Class A common stock, it shall be entitled to nominate one director (the “Bain Director”), with such right terminating at such time when the Bain Stockholder beneficially owns less than 5% of our Class A common stock. For so long as the CP Sponsor or any of its permitted transferees is the record or beneficial owner of any our Class A common stock, the CP Sponsor shall, for a period of five years following the closing of the merger, be entitled to nominate three directors (each, a “Sponsor Director”). In calculating the beneficial ownership percentages referenced above, the total number of issued and outstanding shares of our Class A common stock used as the denominator in any such calculation shall at all times be deemed to be equal to the total number of shares of our Class A common stock issued and outstanding immediately following the closing of the merger (as adjusted for stock splits, combinations, reclassifications and similar transactions). In addition, shares of Class A common stock owned by Topco are deemed to be beneficially owned proportionate to the Stockholders Parties’ interest in Topco. Additionally, our board of directors includes David Peacock, our Chief Executive Officer, and four independent directors who were determined pursuant to the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement (each, an “Independent Director”).

Moreover, under the Stockholders Agreement, each Stockholder Party has agreed to cast all votes to which such entities are entitled such that our board of directors shall be divided into three class of directors, with each class serving for staggered three-year terms, and such that (i) the Class I directors include one CVC Director, one LGP Director, one Sponsor Director and two Independent Directors, (ii) the Class II directors include one Sponsor Director, the Bain Director and two Independent Directors and (iii) the Class III directors include one CVC Director, one LGP Director, one Sponsor Director and Mr. Peacock, who joined the board of directors in February 2023 when he became our Chief Executive Officer. The current term of the Class I directors shall expire immediately following our annual meeting of stockholders on May 29, 2024. The current term of the Class II directors shall expire immediately following our 2025 annual meeting of stockholders. The current term of the Class III directors shall expire immediately following our 2026 annual meeting of stockholders.

In addition, subject to applicable laws and stock exchange regulations, and subject to requisite independence requirements applicable to such committee, the CVC Stockholder, the LGP Stockholders, and the CP Sponsor shall, severally, have the right to have one CVC Director, one LGP Director and one Sponsor Director, respectively, appointed to serve on each committee of the Board for so long as the CVC Stockholder, the LGP Stockholders, and CP Sponsor, as applicable, has the right to designate at least one director for nomination to the Board.

Finally, pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement, Advantage and, with certain exceptions, its subsidiaries shall not, for so long as Topco and its permitted transferees collectively hold an amount of Advantage equity securities that is equal to 50% or more of the amount of securities Topco held as of immediately subsequent to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, take any of the following actions without the approval of Topco: (i) any increase or decrease the size of Advantage’s board of directors, other than in accordance with the Stockholders Agreement; (ii) any amendment, change, waiver, alteration or repeal of any provision of our organizational documents that (a) amends or modifies any specific rights of Topco or (b) materially and adversely affects Topco in its capacity as our stockholder; (iii) any acquisition or disposition of any one or more persons, equity interests, businesses or assets, or, subject to certain exceptions, the incurrence of any indebtedness by us or any of its subsidiaries involving an aggregate value, purchase price, sale price or indebtedness, as applicable, in an amount in excess of certain EBITDA ratios set forth in the Stockholders Agreement; (iv) the termination or replacement of our Chief Executive Officer (other than for cause); (v) the declaration and payment of any dividends or distributions, other than any dividends or distributions from any wholly owned subsidiary of us either to us or any other wholly owned subsidiaries of us; or (vi) any redemption or repurchase of any shares of our Class A common stock.

The term of office for each director will be until his or her successor is elected at our annual meeting or his or her death, resignation or removal, whichever is earliest to occur.

Our board of directors is divided into three classes, with each director serving a three-year term, and one class being elected at each year’s annual meeting of stockholders. Christopher Baldwin, Cameron Breitner, Virginie Costa, Timothy J. Flynn, and Brian K. Ratzan serve as Class I directors with a term expiring in 2024. James M. Kilts, Jody Macedonio, Robin Manherz, Deborah Poole and Adam Nebesar serve as Class II directors with a term expiring in 2025. Tiffany Han, Adam Levyn, David J. West and David Peacock serve as Class III directors with a term expiring in 2026.

BOARD MEETING QUORUM REQUIREMENTS

Our Bylaws provides that a majority of the total number of directors then in office will constitute a quorum. The Board met five times in 2023. Each member of the Board attended at least 75% of the total number of meetings the Board held during his or her tenure in 2023. We encourage our directors to attend annual meetings of stockholders. Six directors attended the virtual 2023 annual meeting of stockholders.
 

BOARD COMMITTEES

The composition, duties and responsibilities of our committees are as set forth below. The standing committees of our board of directors consist of the Audit Committee, the Human Capital Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. In the future, our board of directors may establish other committees, as it deems appropriate, to assist it with its responsibilities.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee met five times in 2023. Each member of the Audit Committee attended the total number of meetings held during the periods that he or she was a member of the Audit Committee in 2023.

Our Audit Committee is responsible for, among other matters:

Our Audit Committee consists of Virginie Costa, Jody Macedonio and Deborah Poole, with Ms. Costa chairing this committee. Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and the NASDAQ rules require us to have an audit committee composed entirely of independent directors. Our board of directors has determined that each of Virginie Costa and Deborah Poole meet the definition of “independent director” for purposes of serving on an audit committee under Rule 10A-3 and the NASDAQ rules. In addition, our board of directors has determined that Virginie Costa qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K. Our board of directors has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee, which is available on our principal corporate website at www.advantagesolutions.net.

Human Capital Committee

The Human Capital Committee previously known as the Compensation Committee met seven times in 2023. Each member of the Human Capital Committee attended the total number of meetings held during the periods that he or she served as a member of the Human Capital Committee in 2023 with the exception of Brian K. Ratzan and Timothy J. Flynn who attended 85% and 71%, respectively, of the total number meetings that the Human Capital Committee held.

Our Human Capital Committee is responsible for, among other matters:

Our Human Capital Committee consists of Robin Manherz, Timothy J. Flynn, Tiffany Han, and Brian K. Ratzan, with Ms. Manherz chairing this committee. Our board of directors has adopted a written charter for the Human Capital Committee, which is available on our principal corporate website at www.advantagesolutions.net. Our Board has determined that each member of the Human Capital Committee is “independent” and meets the independence requirements applicable to Human Capital Committee members under the rules of NASDAQ. In accordance with its charter, the Human Capital Committee has the authority to engage outside consultants to assist in the performance of its duties and responsibilities. The Human Capital Committee may delegate its authority under its charter to a subcommittee as it deems appropriate from time to time. The Human Capital Committee may also delegate to an officer of the Company the authority to grant rights or options to officers (other than executive officers) and associates, as further described in its charter and subject to the terms of our equity plans.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee met four times in 2023. Each member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee attended the total number of meetings held during the periods that he or she served as a member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee in 2023.

Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for, among other matters:

While the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee does not have any specific, minimum qualifications for Board nominees, in considering possible candidates for election as a director, the committee strives to compose the Board with a collection of complementary skills and which, as a group, will possess the appropriate skills and experience to effectively oversee the Company’s business. In evaluating a potential candidate for the Board, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee takes into account a number of factors, including: personal and professional integrity; ethics and values; experience in corporate management, such as current or past service as an officer of a publicly held company; experience in our industry; professional and academic experience relevant to the Company’s industry; leadership skills; experience in finance and accounting and/or executive compensation practice; diversity of geographic background, gender, sexual identity, gender identity, age and ethnicity; potential conflicts of interest; and availability of time to meet the requirements for service as a director.

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will review the qualifications and backgrounds of directors and nominees (without regard to whether a nominee has been recommended by a stockholder), as well as the overall composition of the Board, and recommend the slate of directors to be nominated for election at the next annual meeting of stockholders, taking into account the terms of the Stockholders Agreement, to which we are subject, which sets forth certain requirements with respect to the composition of our Board as further described in “—Composition of our Board of Directors.” The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee does not currently employ or pay a fee to any third-party to identify or evaluate, or assist in identifying or evaluating, potential director nominees.

If the Board determines to seek additional directors for nomination, subject to the terms of the Stockholders Agreement, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will consider as potential director nominees candidates recommended by various sources, including any member of the Board or senior management. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may also retain a third-party search firm to identify candidates. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will also consider recommendations for nominees that are timely submitted by stockholders if such recommendations are delivered in the manner prescribed by the advance notice provisions contained in our Bylaws and in accordance with applicable law. Properly communicated stockholder recommendations will be considered in the same manner as recommendations received from other sources. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee consists of Cameron Breitner, Adam Levyn, Adam Nebesar and David J. West, with Mr. Breitner chairing this committee. Our board of directors has adopted a written charter for the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, which is available on our principal corporate website at www.advantagesolutions.net. Our Board has determined that each member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is “independent” and meets the independence requirements applicable to Nominating and Corporate Committee members under the rules of NASDAQ.

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Non‑Employee Director Compensation

Our board of directors has adopted a director compensation policy that provides for annual cash retainers and equity awards as summarized below. During 2023, our non‑employee directors who are affiliated with Leonard Green & Partners, CVC and Bain Capital were not eligible for director compensation. In 2024, the policy was amended so that non-employee directors who are employed by Leonard Green & Partners, CVC and Bain Capital are not eligible for director compensation.

Annual Cash Retainer Fees. Our eligible non‑employee directors receive an annual cash retainer fee of $100,000. In addition, an eligible non‑employee director serving as a chairperson of a committee of our Board receives the following annual retainer: $20,000 (Audit); $17,500 (Human Capital); and $17,500 (Nominating and Corporate Governance).

Equity Awards. Each eligible non‑employee director who serves on our board of directors as of the date of any annual meeting of our stockholders and will continue to serve as a non‑employee director immediately following such annual meeting will be granted, on the date of such annual meeting, an award of restricted stock units that have an aggregate fair value on the date of grant of $175,000. In addition, each non‑employee director who is initially elected or appointed to our Board on any date other than the date of an annual meeting will receive, on the date of such non‑employee director’s initial election or appointment, an award of restricted stock units that have an aggregate fair value equal to the product of (i) $175,000 and (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is (x) 365 minus (y) the number of days in the period beginning on the date of the annual meeting immediately preceding such non‑employee director’s start date and ending on such non‑employee director’s start date and the denominator of which is 365. Each equity award will vest on the earlier of (x) the day immediately preceding the date of the first annual meeting following the date of grant and (y) the first anniversary of the date of grant, subject to the non‑employee director continuing in service on our board of directors through the applicable vesting date. All non‑employee directors’ equity awards will vest in full immediately prior to the occurrence of a change in control.

Director Compensation Table for 2023

The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of the Company’s non‑employee directors who received compensation for 2023.

The table below shows the aggregate numbers of unvested stock awards held as of December 31, 2023 by each individual who served as a non‑employee director during 2023.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The following table sets forth certain information about the executive officers as of April 5, 2024.

The biography for David Peacock is provided above in “Board of Directors —Our Board of Directors” beginning on page 4.

Christopher Growe has served as Chief Financial Officer of the Company since March 27, 2023. Previously, Mr. Growe had served as a Managing Director since 2007 at Stifel, a global wealth management, investment banking and investment advisory company. As a managing director in the consumer and retail sector, Mr. Growe provided analyst coverage of food and tobacco stocks and offered guidance to institutional investors. Prior to joining Stifel, Mr. Growe was an analyst covering food, beverage and tobacco stocks with A.G. Edwards. He spent his early career in marketing at Anheuser-Busch and holds bachelor’s and master’s degrees in business administration from Saint Louis University.

Jack Pestello has served as Chief Operating Officer, Branded Services, since April 2023. Prior to that role, from May 2022 to April 2023, Mr. Pestello served as a senior advisor to Boston Consulting Group. From July 2020 to May 2022, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Merchandising Officer at Big Lots. Prior to that he served for seven years at Walmart Inc., an international retailer, in various roles including as Senior Vice President and General Merchandise Manager for Walmart Inc.’s grocery business, after having served as Senior Vice President, Private Brands and Vice President of Walmart Inc’s International Division. Additionally, Mr. Pestello has previously served in leadership roles with Woolworths Group Ltd., an international retailer. Mr. Pestello holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Fort Lewis College and a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Colorado.

Michael Taylor has served as Chief Operating Officer, Retail Services, since October 2023. From May 2022 to September 2023, Mr. Taylor served as the President of Global Customer Solutions. Prior to that he served in various leadership roles for our subsidiary Daymon Worldwide Inc., including as President of Daymon Worldwide Inc. from August 2015 to May 2022. Mr. Taylor holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Auburn University at Montgomery.

Andrea Young has served as Chief Operating Officer, Experiential Services, since October 2023. From April 2020 to September 2023, Ms. Young served as Global President, Experiential Services. Prior to that she served in roles of increasing leadership and responsibility for our various subsidiaries including Club Demonstration Services Inc. and Advantage Sales & Marketing LLC. Ms. Young is a founding member of our Diversity, Equity & Inclusion board. She holds a Bachelor of Arts from Rice University.

BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE

With respect to the roles of Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, our Corporate Governance Guidelines provide that the roles may be separated or combined, and our board of directors is able to exercise its discretion in combining or separating these positions as it deems appropriate in light of prevailing circumstances. Our Corporate Governance Guidelines provide the flexibility for our board of directors to modify our leadership structure in the future as appropriate.

CONTROLLED COMPANY

Topco controls a majority of the voting power of our outstanding Class A common stock. As a result, we are a “controlled company” under the NASDAQ corporate governance standards. As a controlled company, exemptions under the standards mean that we are not required to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the following:

These exemptions do not modify the independence requirements for our audit committee, and we comply with the applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules with respect to our Audit Committee within the applicable timeframe.

DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Our board of directors has undertaken a review of the independence of our directors and director nominees for election at the Annual Meeting and considered whether any such director or director nominee has a material relationship with us that could compromise that director’s ability to exercise independent judgment in carrying out that director’s responsibilities. Our board of directors has determined that each of Christopher Baldwin, Cameron Breitner, Virginie Costa, Timothy J. Flynn, Tiffany Han, James M. Kilts, Adam Levyn, Jody Macedonio, Robin Manherz, Adam Nebesar, Deborah Poole, Brian K. Ratzan and David J. West is an “independent director,” as defined under the rules of NASDAQ.

RISK OVERSIGHT

Our board of directors is responsible for overseeing our risk management process. Our board of directors focuses on our general risk management strategy and the most significant risks facing us and oversees the implementation of risk mitigation strategies by management. Our board of directors is apprised of particular risk management matters in connection with its general oversight and approval of corporate matters and significant transactions. The Audit Committee also has responsibility for risk assessment and risk management including our financial risks and information technology risks, including cybersecurity and data privacy risks. As discussed under “Executive Compensation–Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” the Human Capital Committee oversees our compensation risk profile.

HUMAN CAPITAL COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION

Each of Timothy J. Flynn, Tiffany Han, Robin Manherz and Brian K. Ratzan served on our Human Capital Committee during 2023 and all such directors are “independent directors” within the meaning of the NASDAQ Listing Rules and, other than Mr. Ratzan, who was an executive officer of the Company prior to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement in October 2020, are not employees or former employees of the Company. During 2023, none of our executive officers served as a director or a member of a compensation committee (or other committee serving an equivalent function) of any other entity, of which any such entity’s executive officers served as a member of our board of directors, the Human Capital Committee.

CODE OF ETHICS

We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics applicable to our principal executive, financial and accounting officers and all persons performing similar functions. A copy of that code is available on our principal corporate website at www.advantagesolutions.net.

DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for identifying individuals qualified to become members of the Board and recommending them to the Board. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will ensure that the Board has the requisite expertise and that its membership consists of persons with sufficiently diverse and independent backgrounds. The Board is responsible for selecting the nominees for election to the Board.

DIRECTOR SELECTION

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, in recommending director candidates for election to the Board, and the Board, in nominating director candidates, will consider candidates who have a high level of personal and professional integrity, strong ethics and values and the ability to make mature business judgments.

In addition, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the Board may also consider the following additional criteria:

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the Board will also consider whether there are potential conflicts of interest with a candidate’s other personal and professional pursuits.

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the Board are committed to actively seeking out highly qualified women and individuals from minority groups to include in the pool from which new Board candidates are chosen.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES

We are committed to adhering to corporate governance practices that meet applicable U.S. corporate governance standards. Our Board has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines that serve as a flexible framework within which our Board and its committees operate. These guidelines cover a number of areas including the size and composition of the Board, board membership criteria and director qualifications, director responsibilities, board agenda, role of the chief executive officer, meetings of independent directors, committee responsibilities and assignments, board member access to management and independent advisors, director communications with third parties, director compensation, director orientation and continuing education, evaluation of senior management and management succession planning.

The full text of our Corporate Governance Guidelines may be viewed at our website at www.advantagesolutions.net.

BOARD SELF-ASSESSMENT

The Board conducts, and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee oversees, an annual self- evaluation to determine whether the Board is functioning effectively. The Board periodically considers the mix of skills and experience that directors bring to the Board to assess whether the Board has the necessary tools to perform its oversight function effectively.

In addition, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Audit Committee and Human Capital Committee each conduct their own annual self-assessment, which includes an assessment of the adequacy of their performance as compared to their respective charters.

EXECUTIVE SESSIONS OF INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS

Our Corporate Governance Guidelines provide that our non-management directors meet in executive session at least twice per year, with no members of management or non-independent directors present.

COMMUNICATING WITH OUR DIRECTORS

The Board welcomes communications from the Company’s stockholders, and it is the policy of the Company to facilitate communication from stockholders. The Board generally believes it is in the Company’s best interests that designated members of management speak on behalf of the Company. Stockholders and other interested parties wishing to communicate with the Board or with an individual Board member concerning the Company may do so by writing to the Board or to a particular Board member, by mailing such correspondence to Advantage Solutions Inc., Corporate Secretary, 8001 Forsyth Boulevard, Suite 1025, Clayton, Missouri 63105.

Please indicate on the envelope or in the email whether the communication is from a stockholder or other interested party. The Board has instructed the Corporate Secretary and other relevant members of management to examine incoming communications and forward to the Board or individual Board members as appropriate, communications he or she deems relevant to the Board’s roles and responsibilities. The Board has requested that certain types of communications not be forwarded, and redirected if appropriate, such as: spam, business solicitations or advertisements, resumes or employment inquiries, service complaints or inquiries, surveys, or any threatening or hostile materials.

PROPOSAL 1

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

Based on the recommendation of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, the Board has nominated the following five director nominees for re-election to the Board at the Annual Meeting to serve as Class I directors until our 2027 annual meeting of stockholders and until their respective successors have been duly elected and qualify: Christopher Baldwin, Cameron Breitner, Virginie Costa, Timothy J. Flynn and Brian K. Ratzan.

The Company representatives named in the proxy intend to vote for the election of each of the director nominees below, unless you indicate on your proxy that your vote should be withheld from any or all of the nominees. Each of the nominees for election currently serves as a director and has consented to serve for a new term if elected. Although it is anticipated that each nominee will be able to serve as a director, should any nominee become unavailable to serve, the shares of our capital stock represented by the proxies will be voted for such other person or persons as may be designated by the Board, unless the Board reduces the number of directors accordingly.

For details regarding the qualifications and the specific experiences, qualifications and skills of each of our director nominees, see “Board of Directors—Our Board of Directors” on page 4.

VOTES REQUIRED

Approval of Proposal No. 1 requires the plurality of the votes cast with respect to a director nominee. This means that the director nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative “for” votes will be elected.

The Board recommends you vote FOR each of the nominated directors.

PROPOSAL 2

RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Audit Committee of the Board has appointed PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”) as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements for fiscal year 2024. Although ratification by our stockholders is not a prerequisite to the power of the Audit Committee to appoint PwC as our independent registered public accounting firm, the Board and the Audit Committee believe such ratification to be advisable and in the best interests of the Company. Accordingly, stockholders are being requested to ratify the appointment of PwC as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements for fiscal year 2024. If the stockholders do not ratify the appointment of PwC, the appointment of an independent registered public accounting firm will be reconsidered by the Audit Committee; however, the Audit Committee has no obligation to change its appointment based on stockholder ratification. If the appointment of PwC is ratified, the Audit Committee will continue to conduct an ongoing review of its scope of engagement, pricing and work quality, among other factors, and will retain the right to replace PwC at any time. A PwC representative will attend the Annual Meeting to answer appropriate questions and to make a statement if he or she desires.

PwC Information

The following table presents fees for services rendered by PwC during fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

Audit fees

These amounts represent fees of PwC for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, the review of condensed consolidated financial statements, and the services that an independent auditor would customarily provide in connection with subsidiary audits, statutory requirements, regulatory filings, and similar engagements for the fiscal year. Audit fees also include advice about accounting matters that arose in connection with or as a result of the audit or the review of periodic financial statements and statutory audits that non-U.S. jurisdictions require.

Audit-related fees

Audit-related fees consist of assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements or internal control over financial reporting, such as comfort letters, attest services, consents, and assistance with review of documents filed with the SEC. This category may include fees related to the performance of audits and attest services not required by statute or regulations; due diligence related to mergers and acquisitions; and accounting consultations about the application of GAAP to proposed transactions.

Tax fees

Tax fees generally consist of tax compliance and return preparation, and tax planning and advice. Tax compliance and return preparation services consist of preparing original and amended tax returns and claims for refunds. Tax planning and advice services consist of support during income tax audits or inquiries.

All other fees

This category consists of fees for products and services other than the services reported above, including fees for subscription to PwC’s online research tool.

The Audit Committee has determined that the non-audit services rendered by PwC were compatible with maintaining its independence. All such non-audit services were pre-approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to the pre-approval policy set forth below.

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

The Audit Committee reviews the independence of our independent registered public accounting firm on an annual basis and has determined that PwC is independent. In addition, the Audit Committee pre-approves all work and fees that are performed by our independent registered public accounting firm.

All of the fees paid to PwC for services rendered during 2023 and 2022 under the categories of Audit Fees, Audit-Related Fees, Tax Fees, and All Other Fees, as applicable, were pre-approved by the Audit Committee

VOTES REQUIRED

Approval of Proposal No. 2 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote and present in person or represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting. Abstentions will be counted as votes “AGAINST” this proposal.

The Board recommends you vote FOR the ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

The following Audit Committee Report does not constitute soliciting material and shall not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates such information by reference.

The Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed with Advantage’s management and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP the audited consolidated financial statements of Advantage contained in Advantage’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2023 fiscal year. The Audit Committee has also discussed with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the SEC.

The Audit Committee has received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and has discussed with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP its independence from Advantage.

Based on the review and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the audited consolidated financial statements be included in Advantage’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its 2023 fiscal year for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Members of the Audit Committee

PROPOSAL 3

APPROVAL, ON AN ADVISORY (NON-BINDING) BASIS, OF THE COMPENSATION OF OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Section 14A of the Securities Exchange Act entitles stockholders to vote to approve or not approve, on an advisory (non-binding) basis, our executive officer compensation as disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and accompanying compensation tables and narrative. We are asking stockholders to approve the following resolution:

RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed in this proxy statement pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the SEC, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables and related narrative disclosure, is hereby APPROVED.

Advisory Vote

This vote is advisory. We conduct an advisory vote to approve executive officer compensation annually; the next stockholder advisory vote to approve executive compensation will take place at the Company’s 2025 annual meeting of stockholders. This vote is not intended to address any specific item of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of our named executive officers and the executive compensation policies and practices described in this proxy statement. The Board and the Human Capital Committee value the opinions of the Company’s stockholders and will take into account the outcome of the vote, in conjunction with such other factors as the Board and the Human Capital Committee consider appropriate, in connection with the Company’s executive compensation program.

The board of directors recommends that you vote FOR this proposal. Proxies solicited by the Board will be voted for this proposal unless otherwise instructed.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OVERVIEW

General

This section discusses the principles underlying the material components of our 2023 executive compensation program and the factors relevant to an analysis of these policies and decisions. Our current and former executive officers who are named in the “Summary Compensation Table” below (our “Named Executive Officers”) and their positions during 2023 consist of the following persons:

The list of fiscal 2023 Named Executive Officers above encompasses: (i) each individual who served as our Principal Executive Officer at any time during 2023, (ii) each individual who served as our Principal Financial Officer at any time during 2023, and (iii) the next three most highly-compensated executive officers (other than any individual who served as our Principal Executive Officer or Principal Financial Officer) who were serving in such capacity as of the last day of 2023.

Compensation Philosophy and Objectives

We operate in a competitive marketplace for attracting and retaining experienced and skilled executives. To meet this challenge, we strive to create a compensation program that rewards profitable company growth and differentiates pay based on business unit, division and individual contributions. The principles and objectives of our compensation and benefits programs for our executive officers are to:

Determination of Compensation and Role of Human Capital Committee

The compensation levels of our Named Executive Officers in 2023 primarily reflect the roles and responsibilities of each individual, as well as the length of service. Further, they reflect our understanding of the competitive market, our recruiting and retention goals, individual performance, value to the Company, and other factors including our view of internal equity and consistency.

The Human Capital Committee formerly known as the Compensation Committee, has responsibility for overseeing our executive compensation and equity compensation programs. The Human Capital Committee establishes compensation levels based on a variety of factors, including an analysis of relevant published market compensation data of the Company’s compensation peer group and general industry data. Compensation arrangements with our Named Executive Officers have been determined in arm’s‑length negotiations with each individual executive. No member of management, including our Chief Executive Officer, has a role in determining his or her own compensation. The focus of these arrangements has been to recruit skilled individuals to help us achieve our financial goals, as well as to maintain the level of talent and experience needed to further grow our business.

We design the components of our executive compensation program to fulfill one or more of the principles and objectives described above.

Compensation of our Named Executive Officers consisted of some or all of the following elements during 2023:

During 2023, we offered cash compensation in the form of base salaries, annual performance‑based incentive awards (for Named Executive Officers other than Mr. Stevens), signing bonuses (for Messrs. Peacock and Growe) and, for Mr. Stevens, a pro-rated portion of his 2023, retention payment, that we believe appropriately reward our Named Executive Officers for their individual contributions to our business. When making performance‑based cash incentive compensation decisions, the Human Capital Committee considers our financial and operational performance as well as each Named Executive Officer’s individual contributions during the year. Annual incentives for 2023, as determined by the Human Capital Committee, reflected Company performance. Our executive compensation program includes equity awards for equity interests in the Company granted under the Company’s Amended and Restated 2020 Incentive Award Plan, or the A&R 2020 Plan. Consistent with our compensation philosophy, we have emphasized the use of equity to incentivize our Named Executive Officers to focus on the growth of our overall enterprise value and, correspondingly, the creation of value for our equity holders. We consider equity‑based compensation a significant motivator in encouraging executives to come, stay, grow and lead.

RESPONSE TO PRIOR SAY-ON-PAY VOTE

We currently submit an advisory vote to approve our Named Executive Officer compensation to our stockholders on an annual basis. At our 2023 annual meeting, holders of approximately 99.8% of the votes cast voted “for” the advisory proposal. Our Board and the Human Capital Committee consider the result of the say-on-pay vote in determining the compensation of our Named Executive Officers. We believe that the strong support for our compensation program in 2023 and in past years reflects the strong alignment between our Named Executive

Officer compensation and performance. Based on the high level of support for our executive compensation program demonstrated by the result of this say-on-pay vote, among other factors, our Board and the Human Capital Committee determined not to implement significant changes to our executive compensation program for 2023. In addition to considering the results of the stockholder vote, the Human Capital Committee also considered the positive views on our compensation structure expressed by our stockholders during our investor relations outreach throughout the year in continuing to apply the same principles in determining the amounts and types of executive compensation.

COMPENSATION CONSULTANT

The Human Capital Committee is authorized to retain the services of one or more executive compensation advisors, in its discretion, to assist with the establishment and review of our compensation programs and related policies.

In 2023, the Human Capital Committee continued to utilize Semler Brossy Consulting Group, LLC (“Semler Brossy”) to provide executive compensation advisory services, help evaluate our compensation philosophy and objectives, and provide guidance in administering our compensation program. The Human Capital Committee directed Semler Brossy to prepare a competitive market analysis of our executive compensation program to assist it in determining the appropriate level of overall compensation, as well as assess each separate component of compensation, with the goal of understanding the competitiveness of the compensation we offer to our executives, including our Named Executive Officers. Semler Brossy served at the discretion of the Human Capital Committee and, except for services to the Human Capital Committee, did not provide any other services to us in 2023.

The aggregate fees paid to Semler Brossy by the Company for services provided to the Human Capital Committee in 2023 with regard to determining or recommending the amount or form of executive compensation were approximately $0.1 million. The Human Capital Committee considered Semler Brossy’s independence in light of applicable SEC rules and exchange listing standards and determined that Semler Brossy’s work did not raise any conflicts of interest that would prevent it from serving as an independent compensation consultant to the Human Capital Committee.

PEER GROUP COMPOSITION

The Human Capital Committee determined it would be appropriate to utilize a peer group for benchmarking pay practices, design features, dilution and pay levels for the executive team. The peer group is one input informing the Human Capital Committee’s benchmark assessments. In 2023, the Human Capital Committee, with the assistance of Semler Brossy, updated the peer group to reflect companies that, in aggregate, resemble the Company from a size, economics, talent and business focus perspective. The Human Capital Committee elected to make the following changes to our peer group:

The companies comprising the fiscal 2023 compensation peer group were as follows:

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PROGRAM COMPONENTS

The following describes the primary components of our executive compensation program for each of our Named Executive Officers, the rationale for that component, and how compensation amounts are determined.

Base Salary

Our Named Executive Officers’ initial annual base salaries were established through arm’s‑length negotiations at the time the individual was hired or promoted into their current role, taking into account his or her qualifications, experience and prior salary level. Thereafter, the Human Capital Committee has determined executive officer base salaries on a going forward basis, consistent with any applicable provisions provided in the Named Executive Officer’s employment agreement, if applicable.

Our Named Executive Officers’ annual base salaries for 2023, including the base salaries for our Named Executive Officers who terminated employment during 2023 prior to his or her termination, are set forth below. Their actual base salaries earned for 2023 are set forth in the Summary Compensation Table below:

Signing Bonuses

We determined to award each of Messrs. Peacock and Growe a signing bonus in connection with his commencement of employment with us in February 2023 and March 2023, respectively. Signing bonuses are awarded on a case-by-case basis by the Human Capital Committee to incentivize the Named Executive Officer to commence employment with the Company. The amounts of the signing bonuses were as follows: Mr. Peacock - $1,300,000 and Mr. Growe - $100,000. The after-tax value of the signing bonuses were subject to repayment in the event the Named Executive Officer resigned without “good reason” or was terminated by us for “cause” (each as defined in the Named Executive Officer’s employment agreement) within 12 months from his hire date.

Annual Performance-Based Nonequity Incentive Compensation

Historically, we have used performance‑based nonequity incentive compensation, which we call our annual incentive, to motivate our executives, including our Named Executive Officers, to achieve our strategic annual financial objectives while making progress towards our longer‑term growth and other goals.

In setting annual incentive performance objectives for 2023, the Human Capital Committee considered the Company’s projected performance. The Human Capital Committee determined that for 2023, the amount of annual incentive that each Named Executive Officer was eligible to receive was to be based upon the attainment of “Incentive EBITDA,” which is based on financial performance objectives related to Adjusted EBITDA, as set forth in the Company’s publicly filed SEC documents for the year ended December 31, 2023, and as described below.

For purposes of the annual incentive financial performance objectives, Incentive EBITDA means for 2023, the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA for 2023 as further adjusted:

Impact of Transactions means eliminating the impact of any acquisition or divestitures that closed on or after January 1, 2023 except for the difference (positive or negative) between (i) the Adjusted EBITDA related to such acquisition or divestiture for the particular period, and (ii) the Adjusted EBITDA for such acquisition or divestiture during the corresponding period in the calendar year prior to such acquisition, as such historic Adjusted EBITDA for the acquisitions is determined and equitably adjusted if deemed appropriate by the Human Capital Committee at the time of such acquisition.

Incentive EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are supplemental non-GAAP financial measures of our operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA means net loss before (i) interest expense, net, (ii) (benefit from) provision for income taxes, (iii) depreciation, (iv) impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived assets, (v) amortization of intangible assets, (vi) gain on deconsolidation of subsidiaries, (vii) loss on divestitures, (viii) equity-based compensation of Topco, (ix) changes in fair value of warrant liability, (x) stock-based compensation expense, (xi) fair value adjustments of contingent consideration related to acquisitions, (xii) acquisition and divestiture related expenses, (xiii) costs associated with COVID-19, net of benefits received, (xiv) EBITDA for economic interests in investments, (xv) reorganization expenses, (xvi) litigation expenses, (xvii) recovery from and costs associated with the Take 5 Matter and (xviii) other adjustments that management believes are helpful in evaluating our operating performance.

For a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), see Annex A.

In 2023, the Named Executive Officers participated in our annual incentive program at the following levels:

The Human Capital Committee established and approved Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 achievement levels for Incentive EBITDA performance. To the extent that performance was below the Level 1 performance level, there would be no payment of the annual incentive, and the potential payment of the annual incentive is capped at the Level 3 performance level for Incentive EBITDA. To the extent achievement fell between different levels, the payment percentage would have been determined based on straight‑line interpolation. Under the 2023 annual incentive plan, the targeted Incentive EBITDA goal was $404.6 million after factoring in the Impact of Transactions, including the deconsolidation of Advantage Smollan Limited. The following table shows the

percentage of the Named Executive Officer’s target incentive opportunity that was eligible to be earned with respect to different levels of achievement of the Incentive EBITDA goal.

The Human Capital Committee determined that Mr. Peacock and Mses. Domier and Griffin would receive 100% of their target incentive amount. The other Named Executive Officers received amounts that were slightly above their respective target incentive amount. The target and actual amounts paid to our Named Executive Officers under the 2023 annual incentive program are set forth below:

Long‑Term Equity Incentive Compensation

2023 Equity Grants

We view long-term incentive compensation in the form of equity awards as a critical element of our executive compensation program. In fiscal 2023, we granted the following types of equity awards to our Named Executive Officers who were employed through 2023. Mses. Griffin and Domier and Mr. Stevens were not granted equity awards during fiscal 2023:

Each of these awards are reflected in the “Summary Compensation Table” below.

2023 Performance Stock Unit Grants

During 2023, the Human Capital Committee determined to grant PSUs to Messrs. Peacock, Growe, Pestello, Taylor and Ms. Young. Each such Named Executive Officer received an annual PSU grant, consistent with historical practices, that became earned based on the achievement of Adjusted EBITDA goals and Revenues goals (as described below) during the 2023 performance period and vested over three years (referred to as the “2023 Annual PSUs”). The target number of shares subject to the PSUs grants awarded to the Named Executive Officers in 2023 were as follows:
 

Annual PSU Grants

With respect to the 2023 Annual PSUs, 65% of the award vests based on the achievement of Adjusted EBITDA goals and 35% of the award vests based on the achievement of Revenues goals, in each case over the 2023 performance period as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions. We believe Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues goals (each as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions) to be appropriate performance measures because they are objective financial measurements that are understand and valued by many of our stakeholders. The number of PSUs earned for each award ranges from between 0% to 150% of the target number of shares subject to the PSUs. The 2023 Annual PSUs vest as follows: (i) the number of PSUs that are earned based on achievement at or below target goals vest ratably on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date, subject to the Named Executive Officer’s continued service to the Company, and (ii) any PSUs that became earned as a result of achievement of either Adjusted EBITDA or Revenues goals in excess of 100% of target performance vest in full on the third anniversary of the date of grant, subject to continued performance during fiscal years 2024 and 2025 with respect to the specific objective at above the performance level achieved in 2023 and the Named Executive Officer’s continued service with the Company through such date. Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues (each as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions) metrics are measured separately when determining whether above‑target performance has been maintained for future year performance. For information regarding the treatment of these PSUs in connection with each Named Executive Officer’s separation from the Company, see below “—Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control.”

For purposes of the 2023 Annual PSUs, Adjusted EBITDA means the Adjusted EBITDA as set forth in the Company’s publicly filed SEC documents for the year ended December 31, 2023, as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions.

For purposes of the 2023 Annual PSUs, Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues for 2023, which are non-GAAP financial measures, means the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023 calculated in accordance with the Company’s historical practices and, as applicable, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, as adjusted by the Impact of Transactions. Impact of Transactions means eliminating the impact of any acquisition or divestitures (including any deconsolidation transactions) between (i) the Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues related to such acquisition or divestiture for the particular period, and (ii) the Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues, respectively, for such acquisition or divestiture during the corresponding period in the calendar year prior to such acquisition or divestiture, as such historic Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues for the acquisition or divestiture are determined and equitably adjusted if deemed appropriate by the Human Capital Committee at the time of such acquisition or divestiture.

2023 Restricted Stock Unit Grants

In 2023, the Human Capital Committee determined to grant the following RSUs grants to our Named Executive Officers:

The RSUs grants made in 2023 are scheduled to vest in equal installments on each of the first, second, and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to the Named Executive Officer’s continued service with the Company through each applicable vesting date.

2023 Option Grants

The Human Capital Committee determined to make the following grants of stock options to Messrs. Peacock, Growe, Pestello and Taylor in 2023.

2021 PSU Performance Determination for Above-Target Performance

In February 2022, the Human Capital Committee determined that with respect to 2021 PSUs (which vested according to the same conditions as the 2023 Annual PSUs, though the performance period was from January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021), achievement of the performance objective applicable to the Revenues (as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions) objective was 126.2% of target. As a result, the additional above target 26.2% of the portion of the grant that was attributable to achievement of the Revenues (as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions) goal was scheduled to vest in January 2024 subject to continued Revenues (as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions) performance in fiscal 2022 and 2023 above the Revenues performance achieved in fiscal 2021. In January 2024, the Human Capital Committee determined that Revenues performance in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2023 was greater than the Revenues performance achieved in fiscal 2021, in each case as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions, and, as a result, Ms. Griffin and Ms. Domier vested in a pro-rated portion of the above-target portion of 2021 PSU grant based on her continued employment from January 2021 through her respective separation date in 2023.

2023 PSU Performance Determination for Above-Target Revenues and Adjusted EBITDA Performance

In connection with the completion of the Company’s financial audit for 2023, the Human Capital Committee determined that with respect to the PSUs granted to the named executive officers in 2023, achievement of the performance objective applicable to the Revenues and Adjusted EBITDA objectives for 2023 (each as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions) were in excess of 150% of target for each objective (which targets were $4,023.9 million and $404.6 million, respectively, after factoring in the Impact of Transactions, including the deconsolidation of Advantage Smollan Limited). As a result, the portion of the award representing the above-target amount will be eligible to vest on the third anniversary of the date of grant in 2026, subject to continued performance of Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues in fiscal 2024 and 2025 above the Adjusted EBITDA and Revenues performance achieved in fiscal 2023 (each as adjusted for the Impact of Transactions).

Signing Share Grant

In February 2023, pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Peacock was granted a one-time award of 1,132,075 fully-vested shares (which had an aggregate grant date fair value (as calculated based on the closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the grant date) of $3,000,000) (the “Peacock Signing Shares”). The Peacock Signing Shares were subject to repayment or forfeiture on an after-tax basis in the event Mr. Peacock resigned without “good reason” or was terminated for “cause” (each as defined in his employment agreement), in each case prior to the first anniversary of his commencement of employment.

Accelerated Vesting of Named Executive Officer Equity Awards

The equity awards granted to our named executive officers are eligible for accelerated vesting under certain circumstances as described below under “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control.”

Retention Payments

Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Stevens was eligible to receive a retention payment equal to $300,000 on each of December 31, 2022, 2023 and 2024 subject to his continued employment through each applicable retention date. Mr. Stevens’ employment agreement provided that if his employment was terminated for any reason prior to the applicable retention date for that year, he will be paid a pro‑rated portion of the retention payment for that year for the portion of the year that he remained employed with the Company. Accordingly, upon his termination of employment in August 2023, Mr. Stevens received a pro-rated portion of his second retention payment based on the portion of the 2023 year that he was employed with the Company; he was not entitled to receive any portion of the third retention payment. Mr. Stevens is our only Named Executive Officer who was eligible to receive a retention payment.

Retirement Savings

We have established a 401(k) retirement savings plan for our associates, including the Named Executive Officers, who satisfy certain eligibility requirements. Our Named Executive Officers are eligible to participate on the same terms as all of our associates. Under the 401(k) plans, eligible associates may elect to reduce their current compensation by up to the prescribed annual limit and contribute these amounts to the 401(k) plan. Subject to eligibility limits, we provide a matching contribution of up to 50% of the first 6% of salaries contributed by participating associates.

Other Benefits and Perquisites

Additional benefits received by our Named Executive Officers include certain benefits provided to our associates generally, including medical, dental and vision benefits, flexible spending and/or health care saving accounts, basic and voluntary life and accidental death and dismemberment insurance, short‑term and long‑term disability insurance, critical illness and accident insurance, as well as certain benefits provided only to certain members of management, including executive health care insurance premiums, supplemental disability insurance, monthly car allowances, financial counseling, club memberships and commuting allowances. Additionally, in 2023, we agreed to reimburse each of Messrs. Peacock and Growe for legal fees in connection with the negotiation of each Named Executive Officer’s new employment agreement.

Currently, as well as in the future, we may provide perquisites or other personal benefits in limited circumstances, such as where we believe it is appropriate to assist an individual executive officer in the performance of his or her duties, to make our executive officers more efficient and effective, and for recruitment, motivation or retention purposes. All future practices with respect to perquisites or other personal benefits for our Named Executive Officers will be approved and subject to periodic review by the Human Capital Committee. We do not expect these perquisites and personal benefits to be a significant component of our compensation program.

Severance Benefits

We have entered into employment agreements with each of Messrs. Peacock, Growe, Pestello and Taylor the material elements of which with respect to severance benefits are summarized below under “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control.” Additionally, outstanding equity awards held by our Named Executive Officer include termination or change in control‑based acceleration provisions, which are also summarized below under “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control.”

The material terms of the separation agreements, for Mses. Griffin and Domier, and transition agreement, for Mr. Stevens, are also summarized below under “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control.”

TAX AND ACCOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) generally limits, for U.S. corporate income tax purposes, the annual tax deductibility of compensation paid to certain current and former executive officers to $1 million. Although the Company believes that tax deductibility of executive compensation is an important consideration, the Human Capital Committee in its judgement has authorized, and may in the future authorize, compensation payments that are not fully tax deductible or modify compensation programs and practices without regard for tax deductibility when it believes that such compensation is appropriate.

Section 280G of the Code disallows a tax deduction with respect to excess parachute payments to certain executives of companies that undergo a change in control. In addition, Section 4999 of the Code imposes a 20% excise tax on the individual receiving the excess payment. Parachute payments are compensation that is linked to or triggered by a change in control and may include, but are not limited to, bonus payments, severance payments, certain fringe benefits, and payments and acceleration of vesting from long‑term incentive plans including stock options and other equity‑based compensation. Excess parachute payments are parachute payments that exceed a threshold determined under Section 280G based on the executive’s prior compensation. In approving the compensation arrangements for our Named Executive Officers in the future, we anticipate that the Human Capital Committee will consider all elements of the cost to us of providing such compensation, including the potential impact of Section 280G. However, the Human Capital Committee may, in its judgment, authorize compensation arrangements that could give rise to loss of deductibility under Section 280G and the imposition of excise taxes under Section 4999 when it believes that such arrangements are appropriate to attract and retain executive talent. We do not provide for excise tax gross‑ups to our executives and the employment agreements for each of our Named Executive Officers provide for a potential reduction in excess parachute payments as described below under “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control.”

We follow Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, or ASC 718, for our stock‑based compensation awards. ASC 718 requires companies to calculate the grant date “fair value” of their stock‑based awards using a variety of assumptions. ASC 718 also requires companies to recognize the compensation cost of their stock‑based awards in their income statements over the period that an associate is required to render service in exchange for the award. Grants of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other equity‑based awards under our equity incentive award plans will be accounted for under ASC 718. We anticipate that the Human Capital Committee will regularly consider the accounting implications of significant compensation decisions, especially in connection with decisions that relate to our equity incentive award plans and programs. As accounting standards change, we may revise certain programs to appropriately align accounting expenses of our equity awards with our overall executive compensation philosophy and objectives.

COMPENSATION‑RELATED RISK

The Human Capital Committee, with input from management and external advisors, monitors our compensation policies and practices, including those for our Named Executive Officers, to ensure that these policies and practices do not encourage excessive and unnecessary risk‑taking, and that the level of risk that they do encourage is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us. Given the nature of our business, and the material risks we face, we believe that our compensation plans, policies and programs are not reasonably likely to give rise to risk that would have a material adverse effect on our business.

EXECUTIVE SHARE OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES

In 2021, following a recommendation from the Human Capital Committee, our board of directors established share ownership guidelines in order to align the interests of key executives of the Company with the Company’s stockholders by ensuring that those key executives have substantial ownership of the Company’s common stock. The guidelines provide that, within five years, certain key executives are expected to acquire and establish holdings in our stock equal in value to a multiple of base salary, depending on their positions, as follows:

Until an executive’s minimum shareholding requirement is achieved, the executive will be required to retain 50% of the net shares received from equity awards that vest after the second anniversary of the effective date of the guidelines (or the first anniversary in the case of executive officers). If an executive has not satisfied the minimum shareholding requirement within the relevant compliance period, the executive must retain 100% of the net shares described in the previous sentence (rather than 50%) until the minimum shareholding requirement is satisfied.

If a certain key executive becomes subject to a greater ownership amount due to promotion or increase in base salary, such executive is expected to meet the higher ownership threshold within five years of the promotion or base salary increase. The Human Capital Committee will periodically monitor the application of these guidelines and, at least once per year, prepare a report on compliance with the guidelines and deliver the report to the Board.

As of December 31, 2023, each of our executives was in compliance with the guidelines or had additional time within which to comply.

ANTI‑HEDGING POLICY

All of our officers, directors and employees and certain consultants specified by our management are prohibited from engaging in hedging transactions relating to our securities. In addition, such persons are also prohibited from pledging our securities to secure loans. Additionally, spouses, minor children and any other family member sharing the same household as the foregoing, as well as any other account, trust or entity over which the foregoing may make or influence investment decisions, whether or not the securities are held directly or indirectly, are similarly prohibited from engaging in such hedging transactions.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION RECOUPMENT (CLAWBACK) POLICY

Effective as of October 2, 2023, the Company adopted a compensation recovery policy as required by Rule 10D-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the corresponding listing standards of the Nasdaq Stock Market. This policy provides for the mandatory recovery (subject to limited exceptions) from current and former officers, and discretionary recovery, for other senior executives selected to participate, of incentive-based compensation that was erroneously received during the three years preceding the date that the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement. Covered restatements include both a restatement to correct an error that is material to previously issued financial statements or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period. The amount required to be recovered is the excess of the amount of incentive-based compensation received over the amount that otherwise would have been received had it been determined based on the restated financial measure. This policy superseded and replaced our prior recoupment policy adopted by the Human Capital Committee in 2022.

HUMAN CAPITAL COMMITTEE REPORT

The following Human Capital Committee Report does not constitute soliciting material and shall not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates such information by reference.

The Human Capital Committee has reviewed and discussed with the Company’s management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis (“CD&A”) included in this proxy statement. Based on this review and these discussions, the Human Capital Committee has recommended to the Board that the CD&A be included in this proxy statement and incorporated by reference into the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE

The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of our Named Executive Officers for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.