SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uses of estimates | Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
On an ongoing basis, management evaluates the Company’s estimates, including those related to the bad debt allowance, fair values of financial instruments, intangible assets and property and equipment, income taxes, and contingent liabilities, among others. The Company bases its estimates on assumptions, both historical and forward looking, that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. |
(b) Uses of estimates
In preparing the consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are based on information as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates required to be made by management include, but are not limited to, the allowance for estimated uncollectible receivables, fair values of financial instruments, inventory valuations, useful lives of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, the recoverability of long-lived assets, provision necessary for contingent liabilities, revenue recognition and realization of deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
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| asis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation | (a) Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Wetouch and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
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| Cash and cash equivalents | (c) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash includes currency on hand and deposits held by banks that can be added or withdrawn without limitation.
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| Accounts receivables, net | (d) Accounts receivables, net
Accounts receivables are presented net of allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company determines the adequacy of reserves for doubtful accounts based on individual account analysis and historical collection trend. The Company establishes a provision for doubtful receivables when there is objective evidence that the Company may not be able to collect amounts due. The allowance is based on management’s best estimate of specific losses on individual exposures, as well as a provision on historical trends of collections. Actual amounts received may differ from management’s estimate of credit worthiness and the economic environment. Delinquent account balances are written-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts after management has determined that the collection is not probable.
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| Inventory | (e) Inventory
Inventory consists of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods and is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using a weighted average. For work-in-process and manufactured inventories, cost consists of raw materials, direct labor and an allocated portion of the Company’s production overhead. The Company writes down excess and obsolete inventory to its estimated net realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. For finished goods and work-in-process, if the estimated net realizable value for an inventory item, which is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predicable costs to completion and disposal, is lower than its cost, the specific inventory item is written down to its estimated net realizable value. Net realizable value for raw materials is based on replacement cost. Provisions for inventory write-downs are included in the cost of revenues in the consolidated statements of operations. Inventories are carried at this lower cost basis until sold or scrapped. $74,100 and inventory write-off was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
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| Convertible Promissory Notes | (f) Convertible Promissory Notes
The Company accounts for its convertible promissory notes according to guidance of ASU 2020-06, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging— Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity”, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by eliminating the requirement to separate embedded conversion features from the host contract when the conversion features are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815.
We analyze the convertible notes for the existence of a beneficial conversion feature. the Company considered the three characteristics of a derivative instrument listed in ASC 815-10-15-83: (i) having one or more underlyings and one or more notional amounts or payment provisions or both; (ii) requiring no initial net investment; (iii) permitting net settlement;
Since the Company’s notes have fixed interest rate, specified notional principal and settlement date, which no other events would affect specified settlement, and the Company received net proceeds after issuance costs and discount, which the Company recorded as the net proceeds or net settled investment, the management assessed that the Notes did not do not meet the definition of a derivative instruments and an embedded feature would not be bifurcated. The discounts on the convertible notes, are amortized to interest expense, using the effective interest method, over the terms of the related convertible notes.
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| Common stock purchase warrants | (g) Common stock purchase warrants
The Company also analyzed the Warrants in accordance with ASC 815, to determine whether the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative and, if so, whether the Warrants meet the scope exception of ASC 815-40, which is that contracts issued or held by the reporting entity that are both (1) indexed to its own stock and (2) classified in stockholders’ equity shall not be considered to be derivative instruments for purposes of ASC 815-40.
The Company concluded that the Warrants issued in November and December 2021 financing should be treated as a derivative liability because the Warrants are entitled to a price adjustment provision to allow the exercise price to be increased or reduced in the event the Company issues or sells any additional shares of common stock at a price per share more or less than the then-applicable exercise price or without consideration, which is typically referred to as a “Down-round protection” or “anti-dilution” provision. According to ASC 815-40, the “Down-round protection” provision is not considered to be an input to the fair value of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares which leads the Warrants to fail to be qualified as indexed to the Company’s own stock and then to fail to meet the scope exceptions of ASC 815. Therefore, the Company accounted for the Warrants as derivative liabilities under ASC 815. Pursuant to ASC 815, derivatives are measured at fair value and re-measured at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings at each reporting period.
The Company used an black-scholes-pricing model to estimate the fair values of common stock purchase warrants at the balance sheet dates. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded $256,957 and $1,128,635 common stock purchase warrants liability, respectively, and $871,677 and $759,471 gain on changes of fair value of common stock purchase liability warrants for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
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| Fair value of financial instruments | (h) Fair value of financial instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:
Unless otherwise disclosed, the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, short-term bank loans, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, taxes payable and due to related parties, common stock purchase warrants liability, approximate the fair value of the respective assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 based upon the nature of the assets and liabilities.
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| Property, plant and equipment, net | (i) Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method over their expected useful lives, as follows:
Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments which substantially extend the useful life of assets are capitalized. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets retired or sold are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of income and other comprehensive income in other income or expenses.
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| Impairment of long-lived Assets | (l) Impairment of long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment, land use rights, are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of a long-lived asset or asset group to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the carrying value of an asset or asset group exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset or asset group. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. Assets to be disposed are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. There were nil impairment of intangible assets recognized for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
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| Foreign Currency Translation | (m) Foreign Currency Translation
The Company uses US dollars as the reporting currency. The Company’s subsidiary HK Wetouch’s functional currency for HK Wetouch is Hong Kong dollar. The functional currency of Sichuan Wetouch is the Chinese Yuan (“RMB”). The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been translated into US$. Assets and liabilities accounts are translated using the exchange rate at each reporting period end date. Equity accounts are translated at historical rates. Income and expense accounts are translated at the average rate of exchange during the reporting period. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under other comprehensive income (loss). Gains and losses resulting from the translations of foreign currency transactions and balances are reflected in the results of operations.
The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into US$ at the rates used in translation.
The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the consolidated financial statements in this report:
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| Revenue recognition | (n) Revenue recognition
The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Therefore, no adjustments to opening retained earnings were necessary.
ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with customers, establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity’s contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied.
ASC 606 requires the use of a five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation. The application of the five-step model to the revenue streams compared to the prior guidance did not result in significant changes in the way the Company records its revenue. The Company has assessed the impact of the guidance by reviewing its existing customer contracts and current accounting policies and practices to identify differences that would result from applying the new requirements, including the evaluation of its performance obligations, transaction price, customer payments, transfer of control and principal versus agent considerations. Based on the assessment, the Company concluded that there was no change to the timing and pattern of revenue recognition for its current revenue streams.
In accordance with ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when it transfers its goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. The Company accounts for the revenue generated from sales of its products primarily to its customers in PRC and overseas, as the Company is acting as a principal in these transactions, is subject to inventory risk, has latitude in establishing prices, and is responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide customers the specified goods, which the Company has control of the goods and has the ability to direct the use of goods to obtain substantially all the benefits. All of the Company’s contracts have one single performance obligation as the promise is to transfer the individual goods to customers, and there is no separately identifiable other promises in the contracts. The Company’s revenue streams are recognized at a point in time when title and risk of loss passes and the customer accepts the goods, which generally occurs at delivery. The Company’s products are sold with no right of return and the Company does not provide other credits or sales incentive to customers. The Company’s sales are net of value added tax (“VAT”) and business tax and surcharges collected on behalf of tax authorities in respect of product sales.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
Payment terms are established on the Company’s pre-established credit requirements based upon an evaluation of customers’ credit quality. Contract assets are recognized for in related accounts receivable. Contract liabilities are recognized for contracts where payment has been received in advance of delivery. The contract liability balance can vary significantly depending on the timing when an order is placed and when shipment or delivery occurs. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, other than accounts receivable and advances from customers, the Company had no other material contract assets, contract liabilities or deferred contract costs recorded on its consolidated balance sheet. Costs of fulfilling customers’ purchase orders, such as shipping, handling and delivery, which occur prior to the transfer of control, are recognized in selling, general and administrative expense when incurred.
Disaggregation of Revenues
The Company disaggregates its revenue from contracts by geography, as the Company believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of the revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The Company’s disaggregation of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 are disclosed in Note 14 to the financial statements.
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| Selling, General and Administrative Expenses | (o) Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling expenses represents primarily costs of payroll, benefits, commissions for sales representatives and advertising expenses. General and administrative expenses represents primarily payroll and benefits costs for administrative employees, rent and operating costs of office premises, depreciation and amortization of office facilities, professional fees and other administrative expenses.
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| Research and Development Expense | (p) Research and Development Expense
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
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| Share-Based Compensation |
The Company awards share options and other equity-based instruments to its employees, directors and third party service providers (collectively “share-based payments”). Compensation cost related to such awards is measured based on the fair value of the instrument on the grant date. The Company recognizes the compensation cost over the period the employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which generally is the vesting period. The amount of cost recognized is adjusted to reflect the expected forfeiture prior to vesting. When no future services are required to be performed by the employee in exchange for an award of equity instruments, and if such award does not contain a performance or market condition, the cost of the award is expensed on the grant date. The Company recognizes compensation cost for an award with only service conditions that has a graded vesting schedule on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award, provided that the cumulative amount of compensation cost recognized at any date at least equals the portion of the grant-date value of such award that is vested at that date.
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| Government grant | (r) Government grant
The Company follows other authoritative accounting guidance since there is no clear guidance with regard to government grants. Government grants are recognized at fair value where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all grant conditions will be met. Grants relating to expense items are recognized as income over the periods necessary to match the grant to the costs it is compensating. Grants relating to assets are credited to deferred income at fair value and are credited to income over the expected useful life of the asset on a straight-line basis.
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| Income taxes | (s) Income taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the asset and liability method. Deferred taxes are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial statement purposes and income tax purposes using enacted rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established, as needed, to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company recognizes the effect of uncertain income tax positions only if those positions are more-likely-than-not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. There were no such interest or penalty for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
On December 22, 2017 the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017 (“the Tax Act”) was signed into law, which among other effects, reduces the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21% from 34% (or 35% in certain cases) beginning in 2018, and requires companies to pay a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings from non-U.S. subsidiaries that is payable over eight years. No tax was due under this provision. The Tax Act also makes the receipt of future non-U.S. sourced income of non-U.S. subsidiaries tax-free to U.S. companies and creates a new minimum tax on the earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries relating to the parent’s deductions for payments to the subsidiaries.
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| Value added tax (“VAT”) | (t) Value added tax (“VAT”)
Sales revenue represents the invoiced value of goods, net of VAT. The VAT is based on gross sales price. Since April 1, 2019, VAT rate was lowered from 16% to 13%. The VAT may be offset by VAT paid by the Company on raw materials and other materials included in the cost of producing or acquiring its finished products. The Company recorded a VAT payable or recoverable net of VAT payments in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
For export sales, VAT is not imposed on gross sales price, but the VAT related to purchasing raw materials is refunded after the export is completed.
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| Earnings per Share |
The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share” (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of potential common shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, warrants were included for the dilutive EPS calculation, respectively.
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| Comprehensive income (loss) | (v) Comprehensive income (loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of two components, net income and other comprehensive income (loss). The foreign currency translation gain or loss resulting from translation of the financial statements expressed in RMB to US$ is reported in other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | (w) Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all accounting standards updates (“ASUs”). Management periodically reviews new accounting standards that are issued.
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06 (“ASU 2020-06”) “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity.” ASU 2020-06 will simplify the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current U.S. GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting, and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as additional paid-in capital. ASU 2020-06 also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions. For public business entities, the amendments in ASU 2020-06 are effective for public entities which meet the definition of a smaller reporting company are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application of the guidance will be permitted for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted ASU 2020-06 effective January 1, 2021.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), which introduces new guidance for the accounting for credit losses on instruments within its scope. The new guidance introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. It also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. The pronouncement will be effective for public business entities that are SEC filers in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application of the guidance will be permitted for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 utilizing the modified retrospective transition method. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes”. The amendment simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating some exceptions to the general approach in ASC 740, Income Taxes. It also clarifies certain aspects of the existing guidance to promote more consistent application, among other things. The guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning within 2021 with early adoption permitted.
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, which will require companies to apply the definition of a performance obligation under ASC Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue) relating to contracts with customers that are acquired in a business combination. Under current U.S. GAAP, an acquirer generally recognizes assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, including contract assets and contract liabilities arising from revenue contracts with customers, at fair value on the acquisition date. ASU No. 2021-08 will result in the acquirer recording acquired contract assets and liabilities on the same basis that would have been recorded by the acquiree before the acquisition under ASC Topic 606. ASU No. 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its financial statements and the effects will be based upon the contract assets and liabilities acquired in the future.
From time to time, the FASB or other standards setting bodies issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB ASCs are communicated through issuance of ASUs. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the recently issued guidance, whether adopted or to be adopted in the future, is not expected to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption. |