11. Stock-Based Compensation

We award restricted stock or stock options as incentive compensation to employees and compensation to our Board of Directors for services. Generally, these awards include vesting periods of up to three years from the date of grant.

The 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”) was adopted by our Board on July 1, 2021. The 2021 Plan provides for the initial reservation of 15 million shares of common stock for issuance, and provides that the maximum number of shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of ISOs is 15 million. On the one-year anniversary date of the 2021 Plan, the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance automatically increased to 20% of the fully diluted common shares outstanding, including shares issuable upon the conversion of preferred shares, as calculated on an as-converted basis.

In the first quarter of 2021, the Company issued 500,000 restricted shares valued at $155 thousand as incentive compensation to two executives who joined the Company. Compensation expense related to these awards totaled $155 thousand for 2021. These awards became fully vested in January 2022.

In the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company awarded options for 13,850,000 shares of the Company’s common stock as incentive compensation to management and the Board of Directors. One-third of the awarded options vested immediately with the remaining options vesting in two equal annual tranches over the next two years. Vested options may be exercised at any time until their expiration after 10 years at an exercise price of $0.76 per share. Unvested options are forfeited upon termination of service. The fair value of the awards at the date of grant of $10.5 million was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Key assumptions included a risk-free interest rate ranging from 1.18% to 1.28%, historical volatility ranging from 331% to 643% and an expected life of the stock options ranging from five to six years.

In the third quarter of 2022, the Company awarded options for 1,915,000 shares of the Company’s common stock as incentive compensation to its CEO and board of directors. The awarded options vest over the next three years. Vested options may be exercised at any time until their expiration ranging from eight to 10 years at their exercise prices ranging from $0.30 to $0.33 per share. Unvested options are forfeited upon termination of service. The fair value of the awards at the date of grant of $576 thousand was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Key assumptions included a risk-free interest rate ranging from 2.87% to 3.03%, historical volatility ranging from 251% to 408% and an expected life of the stock options ranging from four to seven years.

We recognized $4.7 million of compensation expense in 2022 and $1.4 million in 2021 for option awards. As of December 31, 2022, there was $2.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to options to be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 17 months.

The following table summarizes options outstanding, as well as activity for the periods presented:

The remaining weighted average contractual life of exercisable options at December 31, 2022 was nine years.