Note 6 – Stockholders’ Equity:

The Company’s certificate of incorporation authorizes it to issue 150,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

The holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends out of assets or funds legally available for the payment of dividends at such times and in such amounts as the Board from time to time may determine. To date, the Company has not paid dividends on its Common Stock. Holders of Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. There is no cumulative voting of the election of directors then standing for election. The Common Stock is not entitled to pre-emptive rights and is not subject to conversion or redemption. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the assets legally available for distribution to stockholders are distributable ratably among the holders of Common Stock after payment of liabilities, accrued dividends and liquidation preferences, if any. Each outstanding share of Common Stock is duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

January 2021 Private Placement

On January 21, 2021, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Purchasers”) to issue (a) an aggregate of 2,333,884 shares of Common Stock and/or prefunded warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.04 per share (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”), (b) Series E warrants to purchase 2,333,908 shares of Common Stock, with an exercise price of $8.51 per share (subject to adjustment), for a period of twelve months from the date of an effective registration statement (the “Series E Warrants”) and (c) Series F warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,333,908 shares of Common stock, with an exercise price of $6.90 per share (subject to adjustment), for a period of five years from the date of issuance (the “Series F Warrants” and together with the Series E Warrants, the “January Warrants”) at a combined purchase price of $6.00 per share of Common Stock and Warrants (the “Offering”). The Company received total gross proceeds of approximately $14,000,000 and net proceeds of approximately $12.5 million.

The Company filed a registration statement on Form S-1 in connection with the Registration Rights Agreement on February 8, 2021. The Company also agreed to other customary obligations regarding registration, including indemnification and maintenance of the effectiveness of the registration statement. The Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 to register the shares of Common Stock and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the January Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants went effective on April 29, 2021.

In connection with the Offering, we paid our placement agents Katalyst and GPN (i) a cash fee equal to ten percent (10%) of the gross proceeds from any sale of securities in the Offering sold to Purchasers introduced by the Placement Agent and (ii) 233,391 warrants to purchase 233,391 shares of Common Stock (equal to ten percent (10%) of the number of shares of Common Stock sold to Purchasers introduced by the placement agents,) with an exercise price of $6.90 per share and a five-year term.

June 2021 Private Placement

On June 14, 2021, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the “June Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “June Purchasers”) to issue (a) an aggregate of 1,653,281 shares of the Company’s Common Stock and/or prefunded warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share (the “June Pre-Funded Warrants”) and (b) Series G warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,653,281 shares of Common stock, with an exercise price of $8.51 per share (subject to adjustment), for a period of five years from the date of issuance (the “June Warrants”) at a combined purchase price of $7.547 per share of Common Stock and June Warrants (the “June Offering”). The Company received total gross proceeds of approximately $12.5 million and net proceeds of approximately $11.2 million.

The Company filed a registration statement for the resale of such securities on June 24, 2021, and it was declared effective by the SEC on July 6, 2021. The Company also agreed to other customary obligations regarding registration, including indemnification and maintenance of the effectiveness of the registration statement.

In connection with the June Offering, pursuant to an Engagement Agreement, dated June 14, 2021 (the “June Engagement Agreement”), between the Company and Katalyst Securities LLC (the “June Placement Agent”), the Company paid the June Placement Agent (i) a cash fee equal to ten percent (10%) of the gross proceeds from the sale of securities in the June Offering sold to June Purchasers introduced by the June Placement Agent and (ii) 152,378 warrants to purchase 152,378 shares of Common Stock (equal to ten percent (10%) of the number of shares of Common Stock sold to June Purchasers introduced by the June Placement Agent,) with an exercise price of $7.547 per share and a five-year term (the “June Broker Warrants”). Furthermore, the Company agreed to pay the June Placement Agent a warrant exercise fee equal to ten percent (10%) of the aggregate exercise price that is paid in connection with each exercise, if any, of the June Warrants initially held by June Purchasers introduced by the June Placement Agent. The total potential fee payable to the June Placement Agent, if all Series G warrants are exercised, is approximately $1.4 million. The June Placement Agent is also entitled to the foregoing fees with respect to any future financing or capital-raising transaction by the Company (a “Subsequent Financing”), to the extent such financing or capital is provided to the Company by investors whom the Placement Agent had introduced to the Company, in the event such Subsequent Financing is consummated within eighteen (18) months following the closing of the June Offering.

November 2022 Private Placement

On November 17, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “November Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “November Investors”), pursuant to which it agreed to sell to the November Investors (i) an aggregate of 15,000 shares of the Company’s newly-designated Series B convertible preferred stock with a stated value of $1,000 per share (the “Series B Preferred Stock”), initially convertible into up to 1,935,485 shares of Common Stock at a conversion price of $7.75 per share (the “Preferred Shares”), and (ii) warrants to acquire up to an aggregate of 1,935,485 shares of Common Stock (the “November Warrants”) (collectively, the “November Private Placement”).

The terms of the Series B Preferred Stock are as set forth in the Certificate of Designations for the Series B Preferred Stock, as amended by the amendment to the certificate of designations for the Series B Preferred Stock (as amended, the “Certificate of Designations”). The Series B Preferred Stock will be convertible into Preferred Shares at the election of the holder at any time at an initial conversion price of $7.75 (the “Conversion Price”). The Conversion Price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment in the event of any issuances of Common Stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, at a price below the then-applicable Conversion Price (subject to certain exceptions). The Company will be required to redeem the Series B Preferred Stock in 15 equal monthly installments, commencing on June 1, 2023. The amortization payments due upon such redemption are payable, at the Company’s election, in cash, or subject to certain limitations, in shares of Common Stock valued at the lower of (i) the Conversion Price then in effect and (ii) the greater of (A) a 15% discount to the average of the three lowest closing prices of the Common Stock during the thirty trading day period immediately prior to the date the amortization payment is due or (B) the lower of $1.25 and 20% of the Minimum Price (as defined in Rule 5635 of the Rule of the Nasdaq Stock Market) on the date of receipt of Nasdaq Stockholder Approval (as defined below); provided that if the amount set forth in clause B is the lowest effective price, the Company will be required to pay the amortization payment in cash. The Company may require holders to convert their Series B Preferred Stock into Preferred Shares if the closing price of the Common Stock exceeds $11.625 per share for 20 consecutive trading days and the daily trading volume of the Common Stock exceeds 100,000 shares per day during the same period and certain equity conditions described in the Certificate of Designations are satisfied.

The holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to dividends of 7% per annum, compounded monthly, which will be payable in cash or shares of Common Stock at the Company’s option, in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designations. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Triggering Event (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), the Series B Preferred Stock will accrue dividends at the rate of 15% per annum. Upon conversion or redemption, the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock are also entitled to receive a dividend make-whole payment. The holders of Series B Preferred Stock have no voting rights on account of the Series B Preferred Stock, other than with respect to certain matters affecting the rights of the Series B Preferred Stock.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company’s ability to settle conversions and make amortization and dividend make-whole payments using shares of Common Stock is subject to certain limitations set forth in the Certificate of Designations, including a limit on the number of shares that may be issued until the time, if any, that the Company’s stockholders have approved the issuance of more than 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock in accordance with Nasdaq listing standards (the “Nasdaq Stockholder Approval”). The Company agreed to seek stockholder approval of these matters at a meeting to be held no later than June 1, 2023. Further, the Certificate of Designations contains a certain beneficial ownership limitation after giving effect to the issuance of

shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of, or as part of any amortization payment or dividend make-whole payment under, the Certificate of Designations or November Warrants.

The Certificate of Designations includes certain Triggering Events (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), including, among other things, the failure to file and maintain an effective registration statement covering the sale of the holder’s securities registrable pursuant to the November Registration Rights Agreement (defined below) and the Company’s failure to pay any amounts due to the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock when due. In connection with a Triggering Event, each holder of Series B Preferred Stock will be able to require the Company to redeem in cash any or all of the holder’s Series B Preferred Stock at a premium set forth in the Certificate of Designations.

The Company will be subject to certain affirmative and negative covenants regarding the incurrence of indebtedness, acquisition and investment transactions, the existence of liens, the repayment of indebtedness, the payment of cash in respect of dividends (other than dividends pursuant to the Certificate of Designations), distributions or redemptions, and the transfer of assets, among other matters.

The November Warrants are exercisable for Warrant Shares immediately at an exercise price of $7.75 per share (the “Exercise Price”) and expire five years from the date of issuance. The Exercise Price is subject to customary adjustments for stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications and the like, and subject to price-based adjustment, on a “full ratchet” basis, in the event of any issuances of Common Stock, or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, at a price below the then-applicable Exercise Price (subject to certain exceptions). There is no established public trading market for the November Warrants and the Company does not intend to list the November Warrants on any national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.

In connection with the November Purchase Agreement, the Company and the November Investors entered into a Registration Rights Agreement (the “November Registration Rights Agreement”) on November 17, 2022. Under the terms of the November Registration Rights Agreement, the Company agreed to register 200% of the Preferred Shares, the Warrant Shares and the shares of common stock issuable as amortization payments as well as any shares of common stock paid as dividends. The Company filed a registration statement for the resale of such securities on December 16, 2022. The Company intends to file an additional registration statement to give effect to the amendment to the certificate of designations for the Series B Preferred Stock. The Company also agreed to other customary obligations regarding registration, including indemnification and maintenance of the effectiveness of the registration statement.

In connection with the November Private Placement, pursuant to an Engagement Letter, between the Company and Katalyst Securities LLC (the “November Placement Agent”), the Company paid the November Placement Agent (i) a cash fee equal to 7% of the gross proceeds from any sale of securities in the November Private Placement and (ii) warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock equal to 3% of the number of shares of common stock that the Preferred Shares are initially convertible into, with an exercise price of $7.75 per share and a five-year term.

Accounting Treatment of November 2022 Private Placement

Preferred Shares

The Preferred Shares were determined to be more akin to a debt-like host than an equity-like host. The Company identified the following embedded features that are not clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument: 1) make-whole interest upon a contingent redemption event, 2) make-whole interest upon a conversion event, 3) an installment redemption upon an Equity Conditions Failure (as defined in the Certificate of Designation), and 4) variable share-settled installment conversion. These features were bundled together, assigned probabilities of being affected and measured at fair value. Subsequent changes in fair value of these features are recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company estimated the $2.2 million fair value of the bifurcated embedded derivative at issuance using a Monte Carlo simulation model, with the following inputs: the fair value of our common stock of $6.52 on the issuance date, estimated equity volatility of 85.0%, estimated traded volume volatility of 255.0%, the time to maturity of 1.61 years, a discounted market interest rate of 7.3%, dividend rate of 7%, a penalty dividend rate of 15.0%, and probability of default of 8.2%. The fair value of the bifurcated derivative liability was estimated utilizing the with and without method which uses the probability weighted difference between the scenarios with the derivative and the plain vanilla maturity scenario without a derivative.

The discount to the fair value are included as a reduction to the carrying value of the Preferred Shares. During 2022, the Company recorded a total discount of approximately $12.3 million upon issuance of the Preferred Shares, which was comprised of the issuance date fair value of the associated embedded derivative of approximately $2.2 million, stock issuance costs of approximately $0.5 million and the fair value of the Warrants of approximately $9.6 million. When it is deemed probable that the Preferred Shares will be redeemed, the Company will accrete the Preferred Shares to redemption amount pursuant to ASC 480-10-S99-3A.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a gain of approximately $1.8 million related to the change in fair value of the derivative liability which is recorded in other income (expense) on the Statements of Operations. The Company estimated the $0.4 million fair value of the bifurcated embedded derivative at December 31, 2022 using a Monte Carlo simulation model, with the following inputs: the fair value of our common stock of $1.16 on the valuation date, estimated equity volatility of 140.0%, estimated traded volume volatility of 260.0%, the time to maturity of 1.5 years, a discounted market interest rate of 7.2%, dividend rate of 7%, a penalty dividend rate of 15.0%, and probability of default of 7.7%.

Common Stock Warrants

Pursuant to the Private Placement, the Company issued to investors Warrants and, pursuant to its advisory agreements, the Company issued to its advisor additional Warrants with the same terms. The Broker Warrants are within the scope of ASC 718 pursuant to ASC 718-10-20 but are subject to liability classification as they would be required to be classified as liabilities in accordance with ASC 480.

The Warrants were determined to be within the scope of ASC 480-10 as they are puttable to the Company at Holders’ election upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the agreements). As such, the Company recorded the Warrants as a liability at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in earnings. The Company utilized the Black Scholes Model to calculate the value of these warrants issued during the year ended December 31, 2022. The fair value of the Warrants of approximately $9.9 million was estimated at the date of issuance using the following weighted average assumptions: dividend yield 0%; expected term of five years; equity volatility of 105%; and a risk-free interest rate of 3.97%.

Transaction costs incurred attributable to the issuance of the Warrants of $0.9 million were immediately expensed in accordance with ASC 480.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a gain of approximately $8.4 million related to the change in fair value of the warrant liability which is recorded in other income (expense) on the Statements of Operations. The fair value of the Warrants of approximately $1.5 million was estimated at December 31, 2022 utilizing the Black Scholes Model using the following weighted average assumptions: dividend yield 0%; remaining term of 4.89 years; equity volatility of 125%; and a risk-free interest rate of 4.0%.

Adoption of a Shareholder Rights Plan

On January 13, 2021, the Company adopted a shareholder rights plan (the “Rights Plan”). The Rights Plan is intended to protect the interests of the Company’s stockholders and enable them to realize the full potential value of their investment by reducing the likelihood that any person or group gains control of the Company, through open market accumulation or other tactics, without appropriately compensating all stockholders. Pursuant to the Rights Plan, the Company will issue, by means of a dividend, one preferred share purchase right for each outstanding share of our Common Stock to shareholders of record on the close of business on January 25, 2021. Initially, these Rights will trade with, and be represented by, the shares of our Common Stock. The Rights will generally become exercisable only if any person (or any persons acting as a group) acquires 15% or more of our outstanding Common Stock (the “Acquiring Person”) in a transaction not approved by the Board, subject to certain exceptions, as explained below.

If the Rights become exercisable, all holders of Rights, other than the Acquiring Person, will be entitled to acquire shares of Common Stock at a 50% discount or the Company may exchange each Right held by such holders for one share of Common Stock. In such situation, Rights held by the Acquiring Person would become void and will not be exercisable. If any person at the time of the first public announcement of the Rights Plan owns more than the triggering percentage, then that stockholder’s existing ownership percentage will be grandfathered, although, with certain exceptions, the Rights will become exercisable if at any time after the announcement of the Rights Plan such stockholder increases its ownership of Common Stock.

On January 13, 2021, the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase right (a “Right”), payable on January 25, 2021, for each share of Common Stock outstanding on January 25, 2021 (the “Record Date”) to the stockholders of record on that date. In connection with the distribution of the Rights, the Company entered into a Rights Agreement (the “Rights Agreement”), dated as of January 19, 2021, between the Company and Philadelphia Stock Transfer, Inc., as rights agent. Each Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Shares”), of the Company at a price of $20 per one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share represented by a Right (the “Purchase Price”), subject to adjustment.

The Rights expired at the close of business on January 13, 2023.

Reverse Stock Split

At the Special Meeting, the stockholders approved our proposal to effect one reverse stock split of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common stock, at any ratio between 1-for-1.5 and 1-for-20, at such time as the Company’s Board of Directors shall determine, in its sole discretion, before December 31, 2022. On May 19, 2021, the Company effected a 1-for-4 reverse stock split of its Common Stock. As a result of the reverse stock split, every four (4) shares of the Company’s pre-reverse split Common Stock was combined and reclassified into one share of Common Stock. These financial statements have been adjusted to retrospectively reflect this reverse stock split.