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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)

☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
			THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2022

or

☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
			THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from						to

Commission File Number: 1-9109

RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Florida						59-1517485
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

880 Carillon Parkway, St. Petersburg, Florida 33716

(Address of principal executive offices)    (Zip Code)

(727) 567-1000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

None

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class			Trading Symbol(s)			Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value			RJF			New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares, Each Representing a 1/40th Interest in a Share of 6.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series A Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock			RJF PrA			New York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares, Each Representing a 1/40th Interest in a Share of 6.375% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series B Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock			RJF PrB			New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes x No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer			x			Accelerated filer			☐
Non-accelerated filer			☐			Smaller reporting company			☐
						Emerging growth company			☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐                              No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

215,351,531 shares of common stock as of February 1, 2023

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX
									PAGE
PART I						FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.						Financial Statements (Unaudited)			3
						Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)			3
						Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)			4
						Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)			5
						Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)			6
						Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
						Note 1 - Organization and basis of presentation			8
						Note 2 - Update of significant accounting policies			8
						Note 3 - Fair value			9
						Note 4 - Available-for-sale securities			14
						Note 5 - Derivative assets and derivative liabilities			17
						Note 6 - Collateralized agreements and financings			19
						Note 7 - Bank loans, net			21
						Note 8 - Loans to financial advisors, net			28
						Note 9 - Variable interest entities			28
						Note 10 - Other assets			29
						Note 11 - Leases			30
						Note 12 - Bank deposits			30
						Note 13 - Other borrowings			31
						Note 14 - Income taxes			32
						Note 15 - Commitments, contingencies and guarantees			32
						Note 16 - Shareholders’ equity			34
						Note 17 - Revenues			37
						Note 18 - Interest income and interest expense			39
						Note 19 - Share-based compensation			39
						Note 20 - Regulatory capital requirements			40
						Note 21 - Earnings per share			43
						Note 22 - Segment information			44
Item 2.						Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			46
Item 3.						Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			82
Item 4.						Controls and Procedures			82
PART II						OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.						Legal Proceedings			83
Item 1A.						Risk Factors			83
Item 2.						Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			83
Item 3.						Defaults Upon Senior Securities			83
Item 4.						Mine Safety Disclosures			83
Item 5.						Other Information			83
Item 6.						Exhibits			84
						Signatures			85

2

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

(Unaudited)

$ in millions, except per share amounts						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents						$	6,177					$	6,178
Assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash						5,116						8,481
Collateralized agreements						335						704
Financial instruments, at fair value:
Trading assets ($969 and $1,188 pledged as collateral)						1,112						1,270
Available-for-sale securities ($74 and $74 pledged as collateral)						9,793						9,885
Derivative assets						107						188
Other investments ($15 and $14 pledged as collateral)						296						292
Brokerage client receivables, net						2,641						2,934
Other receivables, net						1,252						1,615
Bank loans, net						44,066						43,239
Loans to financial advisors, net						1,122						1,152
Deferred income taxes, net						572						630
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net						1,938						1,931
Other assets						2,520						2,452
Total assets						$	77,047					$	80,951
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Bank deposits						$	51,979					$	51,357
Collateralized financings						194						466
Financial instrument liabilities, at fair value:
Trading liabilities						692						836
Derivative liabilities						452						530
Brokerage client payables						7,728						11,446
Accrued compensation, commissions and benefits						1,281						1,787
Other payables						1,703						1,768
Other borrowings						1,150						1,291
Senior notes payable						2,038						2,038
Total liabilities						67,217						71,519
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 15)
Shareholders’ equity
Preferred stock						120						120
Common stock; $.01 par value; 650,000,000 shares authorized; 248,081,414 shares issued and 214,984,869 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022; 248,018,564 shares issued and 215,122,523 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2022						2						2
Additional paid-in capital						2,975						2,987
Retained earnings						9,254						8,843
Treasury stock, at cost; 33,096,545 and 32,896,041 common shares as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively						(1,604)						(1,512)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss						(891)						(982)
Total equity attributable to Raymond James Financial, Inc.						9,856						9,458
Noncontrolling interests						(26)						(26)
Total shareholders’ equity						9,830						9,432
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity						$	77,047					$	80,951

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

3

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

						Three months ended December 31,
in millions, except per share amounts						2022						2021
Revenues:
Asset management and related administrative fees						$	1,242					$	1,382
Brokerage revenues:
Securities commissions						352						425
Principal transactions						132						133
Total brokerage revenues						484						558
Account and service fees						289						177
Investment banking						141						425
Interest income						827						225
Other						44						51
Total revenues						3,027						2,818
Interest expense						(241)						(37)
Net revenues						2,786						2,781
Non-interest expenses:
Compensation, commissions and benefits						1,736						1,884
Non-compensation expenses:
Communications and information processing						139						112
Occupancy and equipment						66						59
Business development						56						35
Investment sub-advisory fees						34						38
Professional fees						32						28
Bank loan provision/(benefit) for credit losses						14						(11)
Other						57						78
Total non-compensation expenses						398						339
Total non-interest expenses						2,134						2,223
Pre-tax income						652						558
Provision for income taxes						143						112
Net income						509						446
Preferred stock dividends						2						—
Net income available to common shareholders						$	507					$	446
Earnings per common share – basic						$	2.36					$	2.16
Earnings per common share – diluted						$	2.30					$	2.10
Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic						214.7						206.3
Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares outstanding – diluted						220.4						212.4
Net income						$	509					$	446
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax:
Available-for-sale securities						47						(55)
Currency translations, net of the impact of net investment hedges						46						—
Cash flow hedges						(2)						9
Total other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax						91						(46)
Total comprehensive income						$	600					$	400

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

4

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions, except per share amounts						2022						2021
Preferred stock:
Balance beginning of period						$	120					$	—
Shares issuances						—						—
Balance end of period						120						—
Common stock, par value $.01 per share:
Balance beginning of period						2						2
Share issuances						—						—
Balance end of period						2						2
Additional paid-in capital:
Balance beginning of period						2,987						2,088
Employee stock purchases						7						8
Distributions due to vesting of restricted stock units and exercise of stock options, net of forfeitures						(99)						(105)
Share-based compensation amortization						80						64
Balance end of period						2,975						2,055
Retained earnings:
Balance beginning of period						8,843						7,633
Net income						509						446
Common and preferred stock cash dividends declared (see Note 16)						(98)						(76)
Balance end of period						9,254						8,003
Treasury stock:
Balance beginning of period						(1,512)						(1,437)
Purchases/surrenders						(147)						(10)
Reissuances due to vesting of restricted stock units and exercise of stock options						55						74
Balance end of period						(1,604)						(1,373)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Balance beginning of period						(982)						(41)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax						91						(46)
Balance end of period						(891)						(87)
Total equity attributable to Raymond James Financial, Inc.						$	9,856					$	8,600
Noncontrolling interests:
Balance beginning of period						$	(26)					$	58
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests						—						2
Deconsolidations and sales						—						(8)
Balance end of period						(26)						52
Total shareholders’ equity						$	9,830					$	8,652

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

5

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income						$	509					$	446
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization						40						35
Deferred income taxes, net						25						14
Premium and discount amortization on available-for-sale securities and bank loans and net unrealized gain/loss on other investments						(11)						14
Provisions/(benefits) for credit losses and legal and regulatory proceedings						21						(8)
Share-based compensation expense						81						65
Unrealized gain on company-owned life insurance policies, net of expenses						(48)						(38)
Other						(10)						(1)
Net change in:
Assets segregated for regulatory purposes excluding cash and cash equivalents						—						(7,499)
Collateralized agreements, net of collateralized financings						97						125
Loans (provided to) financial advisors, net of repayments						25						(56)
Brokerage client receivables and other receivables, net						477						197
Trading instruments, net						127						209
Derivative instruments, net						(18)						58
Other assets						8						(431)
Brokerage client payables and other payables						(3,882)						5,021
Accrued compensation, commissions and benefits						(511)						(395)
Purchases and originations of loans held for sale, net of proceeds from sales of securitizations and loans held for sale						(66)						(43)
Net cash used in operating activities						(3,136)						(2,287)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Increase in bank loans, net						(826)						(1,137)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for investment						45						75
Purchases of available-for-sale securities						(153)						(824)
Available-for-sale securities maturations, repayments and redemptions						326						501
Additions to property and equipment						(27)						(19)
Investment in note receivable						—						(125)
Other investing activities, net						(31)						(26)
Net cash used in investing activities						(666)						(1,555)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

6

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Cash flows from financing activities:
Increase in bank deposits						622						1,597
Repurchases of common stock and share-based awards withheld for payment of withholding tax requirements						(189)						(51)
Dividends on preferred and common stock						(81)						(60)
Exercise of stock options and employee stock purchases						11						17
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances						650						850
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowed funds						(791)						(851)
Other financing, net						(1)						(5)
Net cash provided by financing activities						221						1,497
Currency adjustment:
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, including those segregated for regulatory purposes						215						3
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents, including those segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash						(3,366)						(2,342)
Cash and cash equivalents, including those segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash at beginning of year						14,659						16,449
Cash and cash equivalents, including those segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash at end of period						$	11,293					$	14,107
Cash and cash equivalents						$	6,177					$	8,216
Cash and cash equivalents segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash						5,116						5,891
Total cash and cash equivalents, including those segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash at end of period						$	11,293					$	14,107
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest						$	216					$	41
Cash paid for income taxes, net						$	13					$	12
Cash outflows for lease liabilities						$	31					$	25
Non-cash right-of-use assets recorded for new and modified leases						$	13					$	16

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

7

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

December 31, 2022

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization

Raymond James Financial, Inc. (“RJF” or the “firm”) is a financial holding company which, together with its subsidiaries, is engaged in various financial services activities, including providing investment management services to retail and institutional clients, merger & acquisition and advisory services, the underwriting, distribution, trading and brokerage of equity and debt securities, and the sale of mutual funds and other investment products.  The firm also provides corporate and retail banking services, and trust services. As used herein, the terms “our,” “we,” or “us” refer to RJF and/or one or more of its subsidiaries.

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of RJF and its consolidated subsidiaries that are generally controlled through a majority voting interest. We consolidate all of our 100%-owned subsidiaries. In addition, we consolidate any variable interest entity (“VIE”) in which we are the primary beneficiary. Additional information on these VIEs is provided in Note 2 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K (“2022 Form 10-K”) for the year ended September 30, 2022, as filed with the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and in Note 9 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”). When we do not have a controlling interest in an entity, but we exert significant influence over the entity, we apply the equity method of accounting. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Accounting estimates and assumptions

Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) but is not required for interim reporting purposes has been condensed or omitted. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of our consolidated financial position and results of operations for the periods presented.

The nature of our business is such that the results of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in our 2022 Form 10-K. To prepare condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, we must make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and could have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

NOTE 2 – UPDATE OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A summary of our significant accounting policies is included in Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes in our significant accounting policies since September 30, 2022.

8

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 3 – FAIR VALUE

Our “Financial instruments” and “Financial instrument liabilities” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition are recorded at fair value. For further information about such instruments and our significant accounting policies related to fair value, see Notes 2 and 4 of our 2022 Form 10-K. The following tables present assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Netting adjustments represent the impact of counterparty and collateral netting on our derivative balances included on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. See Note 5 for additional information.

$ in millions						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Netting adjustments						Balance as of December 31, 2022
Assets at fair value on a recurring basis:
Trading assets:
Municipal and provincial obligations						$	—					$	163					$	—					$	—					$	163
Corporate obligations						19						583						—						—						602
Government and agency obligations						47						79						—						—						126
Agency mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) and asset-backed securities (“ABS”)						—						134						—						—						134
Non-agency CMOs and ABS						—						34						—						—						34
Total debt securities						66						993						—						—						1,059
Equity securities						17						1						—						—						18
Brokered certificates of deposit						—						29						—						—						29
Other						—						—						6						—						6
Total trading assets						83						1,023						6						—						1,112
Available-for-sale securities (1)						987						8,806						—						—						9,793
Derivative assets:
Interest rate - matched book						—						14						—						—						14
Interest rate - other						2						418						—						(327)						93
Total derivative assets						2						432						—						(327)						107
All other investments:
Government and agency obligations (2)						80						—						—						—						80
Other						90						2						30						—						122
Total all other investments						170						2						30						—						202
Other assets - fractional shares						86						—						—						—						86
Subtotal						1,328						10,263						36						(327)						11,300
Other investments - private equity - measured at net asset value (“NAV”)																														94
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis						$	1,328					$	10,263					$	36					$	(327)					$	11,394
Liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis:
Trading liabilities:
Municipal and provincial obligations						$	6					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	6
Corporate obligations						—						525						—						—						525
Government and agency obligations						137						—						—						—						137
Total debt securities						143						525						—						—						668
Equity securities						24						—						—						—						24
Total trading liabilities						167						525						—						—						692
Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate - matched book						—						14						—						—						14
Interest rate - other						3						479						—						(61)						421
Foreign exchange						—						13						—						—						13
Other						—						—						4						—						4
Total derivative liabilities						3						506						4						(61)						452
Other payables - fractional shares						86						—						—						—						86
Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis						$	256					$	1,031					$	4					$	(61)					$	1,230

9

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

$ in millions						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Netting adjustments						Balance as of September 30, 2022
Assets at fair value on a recurring basis:
Trading assets:
Municipal and provincial obligations						$	—					$	269					$	—					$	—					$	269
Corporate obligations						16						579						—						—						595
Government and agency obligations						86						85						—						—						171
Agency MBS, CMOs, and ABS						—						123						—						—						123
Non-agency CMOs and ABS						—						61						—						—						61
Total debt securities						102						1,117						—						—						1,219
Equity securities						20						—						—						—						20
Brokered certificates of deposit						—						30						—						—						30
Other						—						—						1						—						1
Total trading assets						122						1,147						1						—						1,270
Available-for-sale securities (1)						986						8,899						—						—						9,885
Derivative assets:
Interest rate - matched book						—						52						—						—						52
Interest rate - other						42						432						—						(348)						126
Foreign exchange						—						10						—						—						10
Total derivative assets						42						494						—						(348)						188
All other investments:
Government and agency obligations (2)						79						—						—						—						79
Other						92						2						29						—						123
Total all other investments						171						2						29						—						202
Other assets - fractional shares						78						—						—						—						78
Subtotal						1,399						10,542						30						(348)						11,623
Other investments - private equity - measured at NAV																														90
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis						$	1,399					$	10,542					$	30					$	(348)					$	11,713
Liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis:
Trading liabilities:
Municipal and provincial obligations						$	5					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	5
Corporate obligations						—						555						—						—						555
Government and agency obligations						249						—						—						—						249
Total debt securities						254						555						—						—						809
Equity securities						27						—						—						—						27
Total trading liabilities						281						555						—						—						836
Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate - matched book						—						52						—						—						52
Interest rate - other						40						495						—						(65)						470
Foreign exchange						—						5						—						—						5
Other						—						—						3						—						3
Total derivative liabilities						40						552						3						(65)						530
Other payables - fractional shares						78						—						—						—						78
Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis						$	399					$	1,107					$	3					$	(65)					$	1,444

(1)    Our available-for-sale securities primarily consist of agency MBS, agency CMOs and U.S. Treasury securities (“U.S. Treasuries”). See Note 4 for further information.

(2)    These assets are comprised of U.S. Treasuries primarily purchased to meet certain deposit requirements with clearing organizations.

10

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Level 3 recurring fair value measurements

The following tables present the changes in fair value for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The realized and unrealized gains and losses in the tables may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable and unobservable inputs. In the following tables, gains/(losses) on trading and derivative instruments are reported in “Principal transactions” and gains/(losses) on other investments are reported in “Other” revenues on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Three months ended December 31, 2022 Level 3 instruments at fair value
						Financial assets																											Financial liabilities
						Trading assets																								Other investments																		Derivative liabilities
$ in millions						Other																								All other																		Other
Fair value beginning of period						$	1																							$	29																	$	(3)
Total gains/(losses) included in earnings						—																								1																		(1)
Purchases and contributions						25																								—																		—
Sales, distributions, and deconsolidations						(20)																								—																		—
Transfers:
Into Level 3						—																								—																		—
Out of Level 3						—																								—																		—
Fair value end of period						$	6																							$	30																	$	(4)
Unrealized gains/(losses) for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period						$	(1)																							$	1																	$	(1)

Three months ended December 31, 2021 Level 3 instruments at fair value
						Financial assets																																				Financial liabilities
						Trading assets									Derivative assets															Other investments																		Derivative liabilities
$ in millions						Other									Other															All other																		Other
Fair value beginning of period						$	14								$	—														$	98																	$	(1)
Total gains included in earnings						2									1															—																		1
Purchases and contributions						25									—															—																		—
Sales and distributions						(39)									—															—																		—
Transfers:
Into Level 3						—									—															—																		—
Out of Level 3						—									—															—																		—
Fair value end of period						$	2								$	1														$	98																	$	—
Unrealized gains/(losses) for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period						$	(1)								$	2														$	—																	$	—

As of December 31, 2022, 15% of our assets and 2% of our liabilities were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.  In comparison, as of September 30, 2022, 14% of our assets and 2% of our liabilities were measured at fair value on a recurring basis. As of both December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, Level 3 assets represented less than 1% of our assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Investments in private equity measured at net asset value per share

As more fully described in Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K, as a practical expedient, we utilize NAV or its equivalent to determine the recorded value of a portion of our private equity investments portfolio. We utilize NAV when the fund investment does not have a readily determinable fair value and the NAV of the fund is calculated in a manner consistent with the measurement principles of investment company accounting, including measurement of the investments at fair value.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Our private equity portfolio as of December 31, 2022 primarily included investments in third-party funds, including growth equity, venture capital, and mezzanine lending fund investments. Our investments cannot be redeemed directly with the funds. Our investments are monetized through the liquidation of underlying assets of fund investments, the timing of which is uncertain.

The following table presents the recorded value and unfunded commitments related to our private equity investments portfolio.

$ in millions						Recorded value						Unfunded commitment
December 31, 2022
Private equity investments measured at NAV						$	94					$	38
Private equity investments not measured at NAV						5
Total private equity investments						$	99
September 30, 2022
Private equity investments measured at NAV						$	90					$	39
Private equity investments not measured at NAV						5
Total private equity investments						$	95

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis along with the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of the assets classified as level 3. These inputs represent those that a market participant would take into account when pricing these instruments. Weighted averages are calculated by weighting each input by the relative fair value of the related financial instrument.

$ in millions												Level 2						Level 3						Total fair value						Valuation technique(s)						Unobservable input						Range (weighted-average)
December 31, 2022
Bank loans:
Residential mortgage loans												$	2					$	9					$	11					Collateral or discounted cash flow (1)						Prepayment rate						7 yrs. - 12 yrs. (10.4 yrs.)
Corporate loans												$	—					$	47					$	47					Collateral or  discounted cash flow (1)						Recovery rate						17% - 68% (50%)
Loans held for sale												$	1					$	—					$	1					N/A						N/A						N/A
September 30, 2022
Bank loans:
Residential mortgage loans												$	2					$	10					$	12					Collateral or discounted cash flow (1)						Prepayment rate						7 yrs. - 12 yrs. (10.4 yrs.)
Corporate loans												$	—					$	57					$	57					Collateral or  discounted cash flow (1)						Recovery rate						24% - 66% (47%)
Loans held for sale												$	3					$	—					$	3					N/A						N/A						N/A

(1)    The valuation techniques used to estimate the fair values are based on collateral value less selling costs for the collateral-dependent loans and discounted cash flows for loans that are not collateral-dependent. Unobservable inputs used in the collateral valuation technique are not meaningful and unobservable inputs used in the discounted cash flow valuation technique are presented in the table.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Financial instruments not recorded at fair value

Many, but not all, of the financial instruments we hold were recorded at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The following table presents the estimated fair value and fair value hierarchy of financial assets and liabilities that are not recorded at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022. This table excludes financial instruments that are carried at amounts which approximate fair value. Refer to Note 4 of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of the fair value hierarchy classifications of our financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value.

$ in millions												Level 2						Level 3						Total estimated fair value						Carrying amount
December 31, 2022
Financial assets:
Bank loans, net												$	89					$	43,251					$	43,340					$	44,007
Financial liabilities:
Bank deposits - certificates of deposit												$	1,402					$	—					$	1,402					$	1,415
Other borrowings - subordinated notes payable												$	94					$	—					$	94					$	100
Senior notes payable												$	1,743					$	—					$	1,743					$	2,038
September 30, 2022
Financial assets:
Bank loans, net												$	134					$	42,336					$	42,470					$	43,167
Financial liabilities:
Bank deposits - certificates of deposit												$	400					$	579					$	979					$	999
Other borrowings - subordinated notes payable												$	95					$	—					$	95					$	100
Senior notes payable												$	1,706					$	—					$	1,706					$	2,038

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 4 – AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES

Refer to Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of our accounting policies applicable to our available-for-sale securities.

The following table details the amortized costs and fair values of our available-for-sale securities. See Note 3 for additional information regarding the fair value of available-for-sale securities.

$ in millions						Cost basis						Gross unrealized gains						Gross unrealized losses						Fair value
December 31, 2022
Agency residential MBS						$	5,486					$	1					$	(588)					$	4,899
Agency commercial MBS						1,484						—						(199)						1,285
Agency CMOs						1,585						—						(240)						1,345
Other agency obligations						692						—						(29)						663
Non-agency residential MBS						495						—						(41)						454
U.S. Treasuries						1,016						—						(29)						987
Corporate bonds						146						—						(4)						142
Other						18						—						—						18
Total available-for-sale securities						$	10,922					$	1					$	(1,130)					$	9,793
September 30, 2022
Agency residential MBS						$	5,662					$	—					$	(668)					$	4,994
Agency commercial MBS						1,518						—						(208)						1,310
Agency CMOs						1,637						—						(233)						1,404
Other agency obligations						613						—						(31)						582
Non-agency residential MBS						492						—						(41)						451
U.S. Treasuries						1,014						—						(28)						986
Corporate bonds						146						—						(5)						141
Other						18						—						(1)						17
Total available-for-sale securities						$	11,100					$	—					$	(1,215)					$	9,885

The amortized costs and fair values in the preceding table exclude $26 million and $24 million of accrued interest on available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively, which was included in “Other receivables, net” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table details the contractual maturities, amortized costs, carrying values and current yields for our available-for-sale securities.  Weighted-average yields are calculated on a taxable-equivalent basis based on estimated annual income divided by the average amortized cost of these securities. Since our MBS and CMO available-for-sale securities are backed by mortgages, actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties. As a result, as of December 31, 2022, the weighted-average life of our available-for-sale securities portfolio was approximately 4.49 years.

						December 31, 2022
$ in millions						Within one year						After one but within five years						After five but within ten years						After ten years						Total
Agency residential MBS
Amortized cost						$	—					$	142					$	2,427					$	2,917					$	5,486
Carrying value						$	—					$	137					$	2,189					$	2,573					$	4,899
Weighted-average yield						—		%				2.47		%				1.28		%				1.88		%				1.63		%
Agency commercial MBS
Amortized cost						$	2					$	803					$	607					$	72					$	1,484
Carrying value						$	2					$	725					$	497					$	61					$	1,285
Weighted-average yield						1.90		%				1.67		%				1.23		%				1.55		%				1.48		%
Agency CMOs
Amortized cost						$	—					$	11					$	29					$	1,545					$	1,585
Carrying value						$	—					$	11					$	25					$	1,309					$	1,345
Weighted-average yield						—		%				2.22		%				1.56		%				1.57		%				1.57		%
Other agency obligations
Amortized cost						$	—					$	567					$	114					$	11					$	692
Carrying value						$	—					$	544					$	108					$	11					$	663
Weighted-average yield						—		%				2.64		%				3.55		%				2.94		%				2.80		%
Non-agency residential MBS
Amortized cost						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	495					$	495
Carrying value						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	454					$	454
Weighted-average yield						—		%				—		%				—		%				4.06		%				4.06		%
U.S. Treasuries
Amortized cost						$	107					$	909					$	—					$	—					$	1,016
Carrying value						$	104					$	883					$	—					$	—					$	987
Weighted-average yield						2.22		%				2.69		%				—		%				—		%				2.63		%
Corporate bonds
Amortized cost						$	1					$	117					$	28					$	—					$	146
Carrying value						$	1					$	114					$	27					$	—					$	142
Weighted-average yield						2.83		%				5.51		%				4.86		%				—		%				5.37		%
Other
Amortized cost						$	—					$	5					$	5					$	8					$	18
Carrying value						$	—					$	5					$	5					$	8					$	18
Weighted-average yield						—		%				5.79		%				5.23		%				7.17		%				6.30		%
Total available-for-sale securities
Amortized cost						$	110					$	2,554					$	3,210					$	5,048					$	10,922
Carrying value						$	107					$	2,419					$	2,851					$	4,416					$	9,793
Weighted-average yield						2.22		%				2.48		%				1.39		%				2.01		%				1.94		%

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table details the gross unrealized losses and fair values of securities that were in a loss position at the reporting period end, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.

						Less than 12 months												12 months or more												Total
$ in millions						Estimated fair value						Unrealized losses						Estimated fair value						Unrealized losses						Estimated fair value						Unrealized losses
December 31, 2022
Agency residential MBS						$	1,322					$	(99)					$	3,516					$	(489)					$	4,838					$	(588)
Agency commercial MBS						322						(21)						963						(178)						1,285						(199)
Agency CMOs						247						(24)						1,098						(216)						1,345						(240)
Other agency obligations						615						(28)						19						(1)						634						(29)
Non-agency residential MBS						454						(41)						—						—						454						(41)
U.S. Treasuries						981						(28)						6						(1)						987						(29)
Corporate bonds						107						(4)						—						—						107						(4)
Other						18						—						—						—						18						—
Total						$	4,066					$	(245)					$	5,602					$	(885)					$	9,668					$	(1,130)
September 30, 2022
Agency residential MBS						$	2,165					$	(226)					$	2,829					$	(442)					$	4,994					$	(668)
Agency commercial MBS						494						(41)						816						(167)						1,310						(208)
Agency CMOs						337						(32)						1,067						(201)						1,404						(233)
Other agency obligations						582						(31)						—						—						582						(31)
Non-agency residential MBS						451						(41)						—						—						451						(41)
U.S. Treasuries						982						(28)						4						—						986						(28)
Corporate bonds						128						(5)						—						—						128						(5)
Other						17						(1)						—						—						17						(1)
Total						$	5,156					$	(405)					$	4,716					$	(810)					$	9,872					$	(1,215)

At December 31, 2022, of the 1,066 available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position, 635 were in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months and 431 securities were in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months.

At December 31, 2022, debt securities we held in excess of ten percent of our equity included those issued by the Federal National Home Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation with amortized costs of $5.24 billion and $3.13 billion, respectively, and fair values of $4.62 billion and $2.75 billion, respectively.

During the three months ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no sales of available-for-sale securities.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 5 – DERIVATIVE ASSETS AND DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES

Our derivative assets and derivative liabilities are recorded at fair value and are included in “Derivative assets” and “Derivative liabilities” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Cash flows related to our derivatives are included within operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The significant accounting policies governing our derivatives, including our methodologies for determining fair value, are described in Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Derivative balances included on our financial statements

The following table presents the gross fair values and notional amounts of derivatives by product type, the amounts of counterparty and cash collateral netting on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, as well as collateral posted and received under credit support agreements that do not meet the criteria for netting under GAAP.

						December 31, 2022																		September 30, 2022
$ in millions						Derivative assets						Derivative liabilities						Notional amount						Derivative assets						Derivative liabilities						Notional amount
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate - matched book						$	14					$	14					$	414					$	52					$	52					$	1,340
Interest rate - other (1)						408						482						14,066						462						535						14,647
Foreign exchange						—						6						1,023						4						5						958
Other						—						4						534						—						3						531
Subtotal						422						506						16,037						518						595						17,476
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate - other (2)						12						—						1,400						12						—						1,050
Foreign exchange						—						7						1,130						6						—						1,092
Subtotal						12						7						2,530						18						—						2,142
Total gross fair value/notional amount						434						513						$	18,567					536						595						$	19,618
Offset on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
Counterparty netting						(22)						(22)												(35)						(35)
Cash collateral netting						(305)						(39)												(313)						(30)
Total amounts offset						(327)						(61)												(348)						(65)
Net amounts presented on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition						107						452												188						530
Gross amounts not offset on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
Financial instruments (3)						(21)						(14)												(60)						(52)
Total						$	86					$	438											$	128					$	478

(1)    Relates to interest rate derivatives entered into as part of our fixed income business operations, including to-be-announced security contracts that are accounted for as derivatives, as well as our banking operations.

(2)    During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, we entered into an interest rate swap to manage our risk of increases in interest rates associated with certain bank deposits by converting the balances subject to variable interest rates to a fixed interest rate. Such interest rate swap has been designated and accounted for as a cash flow hedge. Refer to Note 12 of this Form 10-Q for information regarding these bank deposits.

(3)    Although the matched book derivative arrangements do not meet the definition of a master netting arrangement as specified by GAAP, the agreement with the third-party intermediary includes terms that are similar to a master netting agreement. As a result, we present the matched book amounts net in the preceding table.

The following table details the gains/(losses) included in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (“AOCI”), net of income taxes, on derivatives designated as hedging instruments. These gains/(losses) included any amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income during the period. See Note 16 for additional information.

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Interest rate (cash flow hedges)						$	(2)					$	9
Foreign exchange (net investment hedges)						(14)						(1)
Total gains/(losses) included in AOCI, net of taxes						$	(16)					$	8

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

There were no components of derivative gains or losses excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness for each of the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. We expect to reclassify $32 million of interest expense out of AOCI and into earnings within the next 12 months. The maximum length of time over which forecasted transactions are or will be hedged is five years.

The following table details the gains/(losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments recognized on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. These amounts do not include any offsetting gains/(losses) on the related hedged item.

$ in millions												Three months ended December 31,
						Location of gain/(loss)						2022						2021
Interest rate						Principal transactions/other revenues						$	6					$	3
Foreign exchange						Other revenues						$	(30)					$	(1)
Other						Principal transactions						$	(1)					$	3

Risks associated with our derivatives and related risk mitigation

Credit risk

We are exposed to credit losses primarily in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to derivatives that are not cleared through a clearing organization. Where we are subject to credit exposure, we perform a credit evaluation of counterparties prior to entering into derivative transactions and we continue to monitor their credit standings on an ongoing basis.  We may require initial margin or collateral from counterparties, generally in the form of cash or marketable securities to support certain of these obligations as established by the credit threshold specified by the agreement and/or as a result of monitoring the credit standing of the counterparties. We also enter into derivatives with clients to which Raymond James Bank and TriState Capital Bank have provided loans. Such derivatives are generally collateralized by marketable securities or other assets of the client.

Interest rate and foreign exchange risk

We are exposed to interest rate risk related to certain of our interest rate derivatives. We are also exposed to foreign exchange risk related to our forward foreign exchange derivatives.  On a daily basis, we monitor our risk exposure on our derivatives based on established limits with respect to a number of factors, including interest rate, foreign exchange spot and forward rates, spread, ratio, basis and volatility risks, both for the total portfolio and by maturity period.

Derivatives with credit-risk-related contingent features

Certain of our derivative contracts contain provisions that require our debt to maintain an investment-grade rating from one or more of the major credit rating agencies or contain provisions related to default on certain of our outstanding debt. If our debt were to fall below investment-grade or we were to default on certain of our outstanding debt, the counterparties to the derivative instruments could terminate the derivative and request immediate payment, or demand immediate and ongoing overnight collateralization on our derivative instruments in liability positions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with such credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a liability position was $7 million as of December 31, 2022 and $8 million as of September 30, 2022.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 6 – COLLATERALIZED AGREEMENTS AND FINANCINGS

Collateralized agreements are comprised of securities purchased under agreements to resell (“reverse repurchase agreements”) and securities borrowed. Collateralized financings are comprised of securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repurchase agreements”) and securities loaned. We enter into these transactions in order to facilitate client activities, acquire securities to cover short positions and finance certain firm activities. The significant accounting policies governing our collateralized agreements and financings are described in Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Our reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowing, and securities lending transactions are governed by master agreements that are widely used by counterparties and that may allow for net settlements of payments in the normal course, as well as offsetting of all contracts with a given counterparty in the event of bankruptcy or default of one of the parties to the transaction. For financial statement purposes, we do not offset our reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowed, and securities loaned because the conditions for netting as specified by GAAP are not met. Although not offset on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, these transactions are included in the following table.

						Collateralized agreements																		Collateralized financings
$ in millions						Reverse repurchase agreements						Securities borrowed						Total						Repurchase agreements						Securities loaned						Total
December 31, 2022
Gross amounts of recognized assets/liabilities						$	156					$	179					$	335					$	150					$	44					$	194
Gross amounts offset on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition						—						—						—						—						—						—
Net amounts included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition						156						179						335						150						44						194
Gross amounts not offset on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition						(156)						(174)						(330)						(150)						(40)						(190)
Net amounts						$	—					$	5					$	5					$	—					$	4					$	4
September 30, 2022
Gross amounts of recognized assets/liabilities						$	367					$	337					$	704					$	294					$	172					$	466
Gross amounts offset on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition						—						—						—						—						—						—
Net amounts included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition						367						337						704						294						172						466
Gross amounts not offset on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition						(367)						(327)						(694)						(294)						(162)						(456)
Net amounts						$	—					$	10					$	10					$	—					$	10					$	10

The total amount of collateral received under reverse repurchase agreements and the total amount of collateral posted under repurchase agreements exceeds the carrying value of these agreements on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Repurchase agreements and securities loaned accounted for as secured borrowings

The following table presents the remaining contractual maturity of repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions accounted for as secured borrowings.

$ in millions						Overnight and continuous						Up to 30 days						30-90 days						Greater than 90 days						Total
December 31, 2022
Repurchase agreements:
Government and agency obligations						$	139					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	139
Agency MBS and agency CMOs						11						—						—						—						11
Total repurchase agreements						150						—						—						—						150
Securities loaned:
Equity securities						44						—						—						—						44
Total collateralized financings						$	194					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	194
September 30, 2022
Repurchase agreements:
Government and agency obligations						$	183					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	183
Agency MBS and agency CMOs						111						—						—						—						111
Total repurchase agreements						294						—						—						—						294
Securities loaned:
Equity securities						172						—						—						—						172
Total collateralized financings						$	466					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	466

Collateral received and pledged

We receive cash and securities as collateral, primarily in connection with reverse repurchase agreements, securities borrowing agreements, derivative transactions, and client margin loans. The collateral we receive reduces our credit exposure to individual counterparties.

In many cases, we are permitted to deliver or repledge financial instruments we have received as collateral to satisfy our collateral requirements under our repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements or other secured borrowings, to satisfy deposit requirements with clearing organizations, or to otherwise meet either our or our clients’ settlement requirements.

The following table presents financial instruments at fair value that we received as collateral, were not included on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, and that were available to be delivered or repledged, along with the balances of such instruments that were delivered or repledged, to satisfy one of our purposes previously described.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Collateral we received that was available to be delivered or repledged						$	3,256					$	3,812
Collateral that we delivered or repledged						$	523					$	947

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Encumbered assets

We pledge certain of our assets to collateralize repurchase agreements or other secured borrowings, maintain lines of credit, or to satisfy our collateral or settlement requirements with counterparties or clearing organizations who may or may not have the right to deliver or repledge such instruments. We pledge certain of our bank loans with the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) as security for both the repayment of certain borrowings and to secure capacity for additional borrowings as needed as well as with the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta (“FRB”) to be eligible to participate in the Federal Reserve’s discount window program. For additional information regarding our outstanding FHLB advances see Note 13. The following table presents information about our assets that have been pledged for one of the purposes previously described.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Had the right to deliver or repledge						$	1,058					$	1,276
Did not have the right to deliver or repledge						$	64					$	63
Bank loans, net pledged with the:
FHLB						$	8,360					$	8,009
FRB						746						791
Total bank loans, net pledged with the FHLB and FRB						$	9,106					$	8,800

NOTE 7 – BANK LOANS, NET

Bank client receivables are comprised of loans originated or purchased by our Bank segment and include securities-based loans (“SBL”), corporate loans (commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans, commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans, and real estate investment trust (“REIT”) loans), residential mortgage loans, and tax-exempt loans. These receivables are collateralized by first and, to a lesser extent, second mortgages on residential or other real property, other assets of the borrower, a pledge of revenue, securities or are unsecured. We segregate our loan portfolio into six loan portfolio segments: SBL, C&I, CRE, REIT, residential mortgage, and tax-exempt. See Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of accounting policies related to bank loans and the allowance for credit losses.

Loan balances in the following tables are presented at amortized cost (outstanding principal balance net of unamortized purchase discounts or premiums, unearned income, and deferred origination fees and costs), except for certain held for sale loans recorded at fair value. Bank loans are presented on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at amortized cost (or fair value where applicable) less the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”). As it pertains to TriState Capital Bank’s loans acquired as of June 1, 2022, the amortized cost of such purchased loans reflects the fair value of the loans on the acquisition date, and as described further in Note 3 of our 2022 Form 10-K, the purchase discount on such loans is accreted to interest income over the weighted-average life of the underlying loans, which may vary based on prepayments.

The following table presents the balances for held for investment loans by portfolio segment and held for sale loans.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
SBL						$	14,885					$	15,297
C&I loans						11,405						11,173
CRE loans						6,929						6,549
REIT loans						1,680						1,592
Residential mortgage loans						7,818						7,386
Tax-exempt loans						1,667						1,501
Total loans held for investment						44,384						43,498
Held for sale loans						90						137
Total loans held for sale and investment						44,474						43,635
Allowance for credit losses						(408)						(396)
Bank loans, net (1)						$	44,066					$	43,239
ACL as a % of total loans held for investment						0.92		%				0.91		%
Accrued interest receivable on bank loans (included in “Other receivables, net”)						$	182					$	137

(1) Bank loans, net as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022 are presented net of $108 million and $112 million, respectively, of net unamortized discount, unearned income, and deferred loan fees and costs. The net unamortized discount primarily arose from the acquisition date fair value purchased discount on bank loans acquired in the TriState Capital acquisition. See Note 3 of our 2022 Form 10-K for further information.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

See Note 6 for more information regarding bank loans, net pledged with the FHLB and FRB and Note 13 for more information regarding borrowings from the FHLB.

Held for sale loans

We originated or purchased $802 million and $968 million of loans held for sale during the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The majority of these loans were purchases of the guaranteed portions of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans that were initially classified as loans held for sale upon purchase and subsequently transferred to trading instruments once they had been securitized into pools. Proceeds from the sales of all loans held for sale and not securitized amounted to $198 million and $338 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Net gains resulting from such sales were insignificant for each of the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Purchases and sales of loans held for investment

The following table presents purchases and sales of loans held for investment by portfolio segment.

$ in millions						C&I loans						CRE loans						REIT loans												Residential mortgage loans												Total
Three months ended December 31, 2022
Purchases						$	163					$	39					$	24											$	190											$	416
Sales						$	—					$	—					$	—											$	—											$	—
Three months ended December 31, 2021
Purchases						$	339					$	—					$	—											$	184											$	523
Sales						$	51					$	—					$	—											$	—											$	51

Sales in the preceding table represent the recorded investment (i.e., net of charge-offs and discounts or premiums) of loans held for investment that were transferred to loans held for sale and subsequently sold to a third party during the respective period. As more fully described in Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K, corporate loan sales generally occur as part of our credit management activities.

Aging analysis of loans held for investment

The following table presents information on delinquency status of our loans held for investment.

$ in millions						30-89 days and accruing						90 days or more and accruing						Total past due and accruing						Nonaccrual with allowance						Nonaccrual with no allowance						Current and accruing						Total loans held for investment
December 31, 2022
SBL						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	14,885					$	14,885
C&I loans						10						—						10						27						—						11,368						11,405
CRE loans						9						—						9						—						19						6,901						6,929
REIT loans						—						—						—						—						—						1,680						1,680
Residential mortgage loans						4						—						4						—						15						7,799						7,818
Tax-exempt loans						—						—						—						—						—						1,667						1,667
Total loans held for investment						$	23					$	—					$	23					$	27					$	34					$	44,300					$	44,384
September 30, 2022
SBL						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	15,297					$	15,297
C&I loans						—						—						—						32						—						11,141						11,173
CRE loans						—						—						—						12						16						6,521						6,549
REIT loans						—						—						—						—						—						1,592						1,592
Residential mortgage loans						4						—						4						—						14						7,368						7,386
Tax-exempt loans						—						—						—						—						—						1,501						1,501
Total loans held for investment						$	4					$	—					$	4					$	44					$	30					$	43,420					$	43,498

The preceding table includes $39 million and $63 million at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively, of nonaccrual loans which were current pursuant to their contractual terms. The table also includes troubled debt restructurings of $11 million, $8 million, and $10 million for C&I loans, CRE loans, and residential first mortgage loans, respectively, at

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

December 31, 2022, and $11 million, $9 million, and $10 million for C&I loans, CRE loans and residential first mortgage loans, respectively, at September 30, 2022.

Other real estate owned, included in “Other assets” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, was insignificant at both December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

Collateral-dependent loans

A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale of the underlying collateral. Collateral-dependent loans are recorded based upon the fair value of the collateral less the estimated selling costs.

Loan type ($ in millions)						Nature of collateral						December 31, 2022									September 30, 2022
C&I loans						Commercial real estate and other business assets						$	11								$	11
CRE loans						Retail, industrial, and health care real estate						$	19								$	21
Residential mortgage loans						Single family homes						$	8								$	6

The recorded investment in residential mortgage loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process was $5 million at both December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

Credit quality indicators

The credit quality of our bank loan portfolio is summarized monthly by management using internal risk ratings, which align with the standard asset classification system utilized by bank regulators.  These classifications are divided into three groups: Not Classified (Pass), Special Mention, and Classified or Adverse Rating (Substandard, Doubtful and Loss). These terms are defined as follows:

Pass – Loans which are well protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor (or guarantors, if any) or by the fair value, less costs to acquire and sell, of any underlying collateral and generally are performing in accordance with the contractual terms.

Special Mention – Loans which have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. These loans are not adversely classified and do not expose us to sufficient risk to warrant an adverse classification.

Substandard – Loans which are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. Loans with this classification are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful – Loans which have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable on the basis of currently-known facts, conditions and values.

Loss – Loans which are considered by management to be uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance on our books as an asset, without establishment of a specific valuation allowance or charge-off, is not warranted.  We do not have any loan balances within this classification because, in accordance with our accounting policy, loans, or a portion thereof considered to be uncollectible are charged-off prior to the assignment of this classification.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following tables present our held for investment bank loan portfolio by credit quality indicator. Loans classified as special mention, substandard or doubtful are all considered to be “criticized” loans.

						December 31, 2022
						Loans by origination fiscal year
$ in millions						2023						2022						2021						2020						2019						Prior						Revolving loans												Total
SBL
Risk rating:
Pass						$	5					$	14					$	79					$	54					$	27					$	93					$	14,613											$	14,885
Special mention						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total SBL						$	5					$	14					$	79					$	54					$	27					$	93					$	14,613											$	14,885

C&I loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	187					$	1,129					$	1,418					$	1,295					$	1,074					$	3,372					$	2,620											$	11,095
Special mention						—						10						29						38						9						75						5												166
Substandard						—						—						—						59						23						45						13												140
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						4						—												4
Total C&I loans						$	187					$	1,139					$	1,447					$	1,392					$	1,106					$	3,496					$	2,638											$	11,405

CRE loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	384					$	2,362					$	1,206					$	812					$	665					$	1,232					$	161											$	6,822
Special mention						5						—						1						14						—						38						—												58
Substandard						—						—						—						3						13						33						—												49
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total CRE loans						$	389					$	2,362					$	1,207					$	829					$	678					$	1,303					$	161											$	6,929

REIT loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	213					$	226					$	217					$	100					$	54					$	202					$	668											$	1,680
Special mention						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total REIT loans						$	213					$	226					$	217					$	100					$	54					$	202					$	668											$	1,680

Residential mortgage loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	538					$	2,988					$	1,672					$	989					$	466					$	1,093					$	42											$	7,788
Special mention						—						—						1						—						2						5						—												8
Substandard						—						2						—						—						—						20						—												22
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total residential mortgage loans						$	538					$	2,990					$	1,673					$	989					$	468					$	1,118					$	42											$	7,818

Tax-exempt loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	165					$	297					$	169					$	56					$	109					$	871					$	—											$	1,667
Special mention						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total tax-exempt loans						$	165					$	297					$	169					$	56					$	109					$	871					$	—											$	1,667

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

						September 30, 2022
						Loans by origination fiscal year
$ in millions						2022						2021						2020						2019						2018						Prior						Revolving loans												Total
SBL
Risk rating:
Pass						$	14					$	27					$	72					$	44					$	36					$	41					$	15,063											$	15,297
Special mention						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total SBL						$	14					$	27					$	72					$	44					$	36					$	41					$	15,063											$	15,297

C&I loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	1,011					$	1,448					$	1,301					$	1,124					$	1,389					$	2,200					$	2,380											$	10,853
Special mention						10						28						3						37						—						82						6												166
Substandard						1						—						60						28						40						6						14												149
Doubtful						—						—												—						5						—						—												5
Total C&I loans						$	1,022					$	1,476					$	1,364					$	1,189					$	1,434					$	2,288					$	2,400											$	11,173

CRE loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	1,916					$	1,345					$	892					$	707					$	816					$	551					$	176											$	6,403
Special mention						—						1						—						—						36						2						—												39
Substandard						—						—						14						17						46						30						—												107
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total CRE loans						$	1,916					$	1,346					$	906					$	724					$	898					$	583					$	176											$	6,549

REIT loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	169					$	230					$	96					$	53					$	40					$	222					$	782											$	1,592
Special mention						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total REIT loans						$	169					$	230					$	96					$	53					$	40					$	222					$	782											$	1,592

Residential mortgage loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	2,984					$	1,704					$	1,023					$	477					$	290					$	843					$	35											$	7,356
Special mention						1						1						—						2						—						4						—												8
Substandard						1						—						—						—						1						20						—												22
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total residential mortgage loans						$	2,986					$	1,705					$	1,023					$	479					$	291					$	867					$	35											$	7,386

Tax-exempt loans
Risk rating:
Pass						$	264					$	169					$	56					$	115					$	192					$	705					$	—											$	1,501
Special mention						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Doubtful						—						—						—						—						—						—						—												—
Total tax-exempt loans						$	264					$	169					$	56					$	115					$	192					$	705					$	—											$	1,501

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

We also monitor the credit quality of the residential mortgage loan portfolio utilizing FICO scores and loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios. A FICO score measures a borrower’s creditworthiness by considering factors such as payment and credit history. LTV measures the carrying value of the loan as a percentage of the value of the property securing the loan. The following table presents the held for investment residential mortgage loan portfolio by FICO score and by LTV ratio at origination.

						December 31, 2022
						Loans by origination fiscal year
$ in millions						2023						2022						2021						2020						2019						Prior						Revolving loans												Total
FICO score:
Below 600						$	1					$	1					$	3					$	2					$	3					$	55					$	—											$	65
600 - 699						30						156						109						89						31						85						4												504
700 - 799						435						2,411						1,274						721						342						667						26												5,876
800 +						72						419						283						176						86						306						9												1,351
FICO score not available						—						3						4						1						6						5						3												22
Total						$	538					$	2,990					$	1,673					$	989					$	468					$	1,118					$	42											$	7,818
LTV ratio:
Below 80%						$	387					$	2,287					$	1,308					$	776					$	350					$	856					$	37											$	6,001
80%+						151						703						365						213						118						262						5												1,817
Total						$	538					$	2,990					$	1,673					$	989					$	468					$	1,118					$	42											$	7,818

						September 30, 2022
						Loans by origination fiscal year
$ in millions						2022						2021						2020						2019						2018						Prior						Revolving loans												Total
FICO score:
Below 600						$	1					$	3					$	2					$	3					$	1					$	54					$	—											$	64
600 - 699						155						112						90						32						20						68						4												481
700 - 799						2,403						1,301						744						353						219						470						22												5,512
800 +						424						284						184						87						48						273						6												1,306
FICO score not available						3						5						3						4						3						2						3												23
Total						$	2,986					$	1,705					$	1,023					$	479					$	291					$	867					$	35											$	7,386
LTV ratio:
Below 80%						$	2,287					$	1,333					$	797					$	358					$	226					$	661					$	31											$	5,693
80%+						699						372						226						121						65						206						4												1,693
Total						$	2,986					$	1,705					$	1,023					$	479					$	291					$	867					$	35											$	7,386

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Allowance for credit losses

The following table presents changes in the allowance for credit losses on held for investment bank loans by portfolio segment.

$ in millions						SBL						C&I loans						CRE loans						REIT loans						Residential mortgage loans						Tax-exempt loans						Total
Three months ended December 31, 2022
Balance at beginning of period						$	3					$	226					$	87					$	21					$	57					$	2					$	396
Provision/(benefit) for credit losses						1						—						2						(6)						17						—						14
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries:
Charge-offs						—						(4)						(1)						—						—						—						(5)
Recoveries						—						—						3						—						—						—						3
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries						—						(4)						2						—						—						—						(2)
Foreign exchange translation adjustment						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Balance at end of period						$	4					$	222					$	91					$	15					$	74					$	2					$	408
ACL by loan portfolio segment as a % of total ACL						1.0		%				54.4		%				22.3		%				3.7		%				18.1		%				0.5		%				100.0		%
Three months ended December 31, 2021
Balance at beginning of period						$	4					$	191					$	66					$	22					$	35					$	2					$	320
Provision/(benefit) for credit losses						(1)						(10)						6						—						(6)						—						(11)
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries:
Charge-offs						—						(2)						—						—						—						—						(2)
Recoveries						—						—						—						—						1						—						1
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries						—						(2)						—						—						1						—						(1)
Foreign exchange translation adjustment						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Balance at end of period						$	3					$	179					$	72					$	22					$	30					$	2					$	308
ACL by loan portfolio segment as a % of total ACL						1.0		%				58.2		%				23.4		%				7.1		%				9.7		%				0.6		%				100.0		%

The allowance for credit losses on held for investment bank loans increased $12 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022 resulting from a $14 million provision for credit losses, primarily due to a weaker macroeconomic outlook, primarily on the residential mortgage portfolio, and the impact of loan growth during the quarter.

The allowance for credit losses on unfunded lending commitments, which is included in “Other payables” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, was $19 million at both December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 8 – LOANS TO FINANCIAL ADVISORS, NET

Loans to financial advisors are primarily comprised of loans originated as a part of our recruiting activities. See Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of our accounting policies related to loans to financial advisors and the related allowance for credit losses. The following table presents the balances for our loans to financial advisors and the related accrued interest receivable.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Affiliated with the firm as of period-end (1)						$	1,143					$	1,173
No longer affiliated with the firm as of period-end (2)						9						8
Total loans to financial advisors						1,152						1,181
Allowance for credit losses						(30)						(29)
Loans to financial advisors, net						$	1,122					$	1,152
Accrued interest receivable on loans to financial advisors (included in “Other receivables, net”)						$	5					$	5
Allowance for credit losses as a percent of total loans to financial advisors						2.60		%				2.46		%

(1) These loans were predominantly current.

(2) These loans were predominantly past due for a period of 180 days or more.

NOTE 9 – VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

A VIE requires consolidation by the entity’s primary beneficiary.  We evaluate all of the entities in which we are involved to determine if the entity is a VIE and if so, whether we hold a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary. Refer to Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of our principal involvement with VIEs and the accounting policies regarding determination of whether we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of VIEs.

VIEs where we are the primary beneficiary

Of the VIEs in which we hold an interest, we have determined that certain investments in low-income housing tax credit (“LIHTC”) funds and the trust we utilize in connection with restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards granted to certain employees of one of our Canadian subsidiaries (the “Restricted Stock Trust Fund”) require consolidation in our financial statements, as we are deemed the primary beneficiary of such VIEs.  The aggregate assets and liabilities of the VIEs we consolidate are provided in the following table. Aggregate assets and aggregate liabilities may differ from the consolidated carrying value of assets and liabilities due to the elimination of intercompany assets and liabilities held by the consolidated VIE.

$ in millions						Aggregate assets						Aggregate liabilities
December 31, 2022
LIHTC funds						$	60					$	6
Restricted Stock Trust Fund						27						27
Total						$	87					$	33
September 30, 2022
LIHTC funds						$	59					$	6
Restricted Stock Trust Fund						17						17
Total						$	76					$	23

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table presents information about the carrying value of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs which we consolidate and which are included on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Intercompany balances are eliminated in consolidation and are not reflected in the following table.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents and assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash						$	5					$	5
Other assets						55						54
Total assets						$	60					$	59
Liabilities:
Other payables						$	—					$	—
Total liabilities						$	—					$	—
Noncontrolling interests						$	(26)					$	(26)

VIEs where we hold a variable interest but are not the primary beneficiary

As discussed in Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K, we have concluded that for certain VIEs we are not the primary beneficiary and therefore do not consolidate these VIEs. Such VIEs include certain LIHTC funds, certain Private Equity Interests, and other limited partnerships. Our risk of loss for these VIEs is limited to our investments in, advances to, and/or receivables due from these VIEs.

Aggregate assets, liabilities, and risk of loss

The aggregate assets, liabilities, and our exposure to loss from those VIEs in which we hold a variable interest, but as to which we have concluded we are not the primary beneficiary, are provided in the following table.

						December 31, 2022																		September 30, 2022
$ in millions						Aggregate assets						Aggregate liabilities						Our risk of loss						Aggregate assets						Aggregate liabilities						Our risk of loss
LIHTC funds						$	8,101					$	2,697					$	76					$	7,752					$	2,584					$	136
Private Equity Interests						2,207						531						94						2,177						448						90
Other						158						101						3						159						101						8
Total						$	10,466					$	3,329					$	173					$	10,088					$	3,133					$	234

NOTE 10 - OTHER ASSETS

The following table details the components of other assets. See Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of the accounting polices related to certain of these components.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Investments in company-owned life insurance policies						$	1,024					$	944
Property and equipment, net						502						503
Lease right of use (“ROU”) assets						468						480
Prepaid expenses						186						173
Investments in FHLB and FRB stock						86						88
All other						254						264
Total other assets						$	2,520					$	2,452

See Note 13 of our 2022 Form 10-K for further information regarding our property and equipment and Note 11 of this Form 10-Q and Note 14 of our 2022 Form 10-K for further information regarding our leases.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 11 – LEASES

The following table presents the balances related to our leases on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. See Notes 2 and 14 of our 2022 Form 10-K for additional information related to our leases, including a discussion of our accounting policies.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
ROU assets (included in Other assets)						$	468					$	480
Lease liabilities (included in Other payables)						$	471					$	482

Lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022 excluded $63 million of minimum lease payments related to lease arrangements that were legally binding but had not yet commenced. These leases are estimated to commence between dates later in fiscal year 2023 and fiscal year 2025 with lease terms ranging from three to 13 years.

Lease expense

The following table details the components of lease expense, which is included in “Occupancy and equipment” expense on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Lease costs						$	31					$	28
Variable lease costs						$	7					$	7

Variable lease costs in the preceding table include payments required under lease arrangements for common area maintenance charges and other variable costs that are not reflected in the measurement of ROU assets and lease liabilities.

NOTE 12 – BANK DEPOSITS

Bank deposits include money market and savings accounts, interest-bearing checking accounts, which include Negotiable Order of Withdrawal accounts, certificates of deposit, and non-interest-bearing checking accounts. The following table presents a summary of bank deposits, as well as the weighted-average interest rates on such deposits. The calculation of the weighted-average rates was based on the actual deposit balances and rates at each respective period end.

						December 31, 2022												September 30, 2022
$ in millions						Balance						Weighted-average rate						Balance						Weighted-average rate
Money market and savings accounts						$	44,767					1.20		%				$	44,446					1.01		%
Interest-bearing checking accounts						5,309						4.10		%				5,286						2.77		%
Certificates of deposit						1,415						3.09		%				999						1.85		%
Non-interest-bearing checking accounts						488						—						626						—
Total bank deposits						$	51,979					1.55		%				$	51,357					1.21		%

At December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, money market and savings accounts in the preceding table included $39.10 billion and $38.71 billion, respectively, of deposits that are cash balances swept to our Bank segment from the client investment accounts maintained at Raymond James & Associates, Inc. (“RJ&A”), which are held in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”)-insured bank accounts through the Raymond James Bank Deposit Program (“RJBDP”). As of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, money market and savings accounts also included direct accounts held by TriState Capital Bank on behalf of third-party clients.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

As of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, the estimated amount of total bank deposits that exceeded the FDIC insurance limit was $8.18 billion and $7.84 billion, respectively. The following table sets forth the estimated amount of certificates of deposit that exceeded the FDIC insurance limit by time remaining until maturity as of December 31, 2022.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022
Three months or less						$	37
Over three through six months						16
Over six through twelve months						15
Over twelve months						12
Total estimated certificates of deposit that exceeded the FDIC insurance limit						$	80

Interest expense on deposits, excluding interest expense related to affiliated deposits, is summarized in the following table.

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Money market and savings accounts						$	117					$	1
Interest-bearing checking accounts						47						1
Certificates of deposit						8						4
Total interest expense on deposits						$	172					$	6

We use an interest rate swap to manage the risk of increases in interest rates associated with certain bank deposits by converting the balances subject to variable interest rates to a fixed interest rate. Refer to Note 5 of this Form 10-Q for information regarding this interest rate swap, which has been designated and accounted for as a cash flow hedge.

NOTE 13 – OTHER BORROWINGS

 

The following table details the components of our other borrowings, which are primarily comprised of short-term and long-term FHLB advances and subordinated notes.

						December 31, 2022												September 30, 2022
$ in millions						Weighted average interest rate			Maturity date			Balance						Weighted average interest rate			Maturity date			Balance
FHLB advances:
Floating rate - term (1)						4.58		%	December 2023			$	200					3.32		%	December 2023			$	850
Floating rate - term (1)						4.60		%	June 2024			650						N/A			N/A			—
Floating rate - overnight (1)						N/A			Overnight			—						3.11		%	Overnight			140
Fixed rate						4.82		%	March 2023			200						3.45		%	December 2022			200
Total FHLB advances												1,050												1,190
Subordinated notes - fixed-to-floating (including an unaccreted premium of $2 and $2, respectively) (2)						5.75		%	May 2030			100						5.75		%	May 2030			100
Other												—												1
Total other borrowings												$	1,150											$	1,291

(1) Interest rates on these advances reset daily.

(2) Incur interest at a fixed rate of 5.75% until May 2025 and thereafter at a variable interest rate based on London Interbank Offered Rate, or an appropriate alternative reference rate. We may redeem these subordinated notes beginning in August 2025 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date.

We use interest rate swaps to manage the risk of increases in interest rates associated with our floating-rate FHLB advances by converting the balances subject to variable interest rates to a fixed interest rate. Refer to Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K and Note 5 of this Form 10-Q for information regarding these interest rate swaps, which have been designated and accounted for as cash flow hedges. Refer to Note 6 for more information regarding bank loans, net pledged with the FHLB as security for our FHLB borrowings.

For further information on our other borrowing arrangements refer to Note 16 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 14 – INCOME TAXES

The income tax provision for interim periods is comprised of tax on ordinary income provided at the most recent estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for the tax effect of discrete items.  We estimate the annual effective tax rate quarterly based on the forecasted pre-tax results of our U.S. and non-U.S. operations. Items unrelated to current year ordinary income are recognized entirely in the period identified as a discrete item of tax.  These discrete items generally relate to changes in tax laws, adjustments to the actual liability determined upon filing tax returns, excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation and adjustments to previously recorded reserves for uncertain tax positions. For discussion of income tax accounting policies and other income tax related information, see Notes 2 and 18 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Effective tax rate

Our effective income tax rate of 21.9% for the three months ended December 31, 2022 was lower than the 25.4% effective tax rate for our fiscal year 2022. The decrease in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to non-taxable valuation gains associated with our company-owned life insurance policies that were recognized during the current period compared to fiscal year 2022 which had non-deductible losses.

Uncertain tax positions

Although management cannot predict with any degree of certainty the timing of ultimate resolution of matters under review by various taxing jurisdictions, it is reasonably possible that our uncertain tax position liability balance may decrease within the next 12 months by up to $10 million as a result of the expiration of statutes of limitations and the completion of tax authorities’ examinations.

NOTE 15 – COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND GUARANTEES

Commitments and contingencies

Underwriting commitments

In the normal course of business, we enter into commitments for debt and equity underwritings. As of December 31, 2022, we had one such open underwriting commitment, which was subsequently settled in an open market transaction and did not result in a significant loss.

Lending commitments and other credit-related financial instruments

We have outstanding, at any time, a significant number of commitments to extend credit and other credit-related off-balance-sheet financial instruments, such as standby letters of credit and loan purchases, which then extend over varying periods of time. These arrangements are subject to strict underwriting assessments and each client’s credit worthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Fixed-rate commitments are subject to market risk resulting from fluctuations in interest rates and our exposure is limited to the replacement value of those commitments.

The following table presents our commitments to extend credit and other credit-related off-balance sheet financial instruments outstanding at our Bank segment.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
SBL and other consumer lines of credit						$	35,159					$	33,641
Commercial lines of credit						$	3,809					$	3,792
Unfunded lending commitments						$	1,227					$	1,255
Standby letters of credit						$	99					$	94

SBL and other consumer lines of credit primarily represent the unfunded amounts of bank loans to consumers that are secured by marketable securities or other liquid collateral at advance rates consistent with industry standards. The proceeds from repayment or, if necessary, the liquidation of collateral, which is monitored daily, are expected to satisfy the amounts drawn against these existing lines of credit. These lines of credit are primarily uncommitted, as we reserve the right to not make any advances or may terminate these lines at any time.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Because many of our lending commitments expire without being funded in whole or in part, the contractual amounts are not estimates of our actual future credit exposure or future liquidity requirements. The allowance for credit losses calculated under the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model provides for potential losses related to the unfunded lending commitments. See Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K and Note 7 of this Form 10-Q for further information on this allowance for credit losses related to unfunded lending commitments.

RJ&A enters into margin lending arrangements which allow customers to borrow against the value of qualifying securities. Margin loans are collateralized by the securities held in the customer’s account at RJ&A. Collateral levels and established credit terms are monitored daily and we require customers to deposit additional collateral or reduce balances as necessary.

We offer loans to prospective financial advisors for recruiting and retention purposes (see Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K and Note 8 of this Form 10-Q for further discussion of our loans to financial advisors). These offers are contingent upon certain events occurring, including the individuals joining us and meeting certain other conditions outlined in their offer.

Investment commitments

We had unfunded commitments to various investments, primarily held by Raymond James Bank and TriState Capital Bank, of $48 million as of December 31, 2022.

Other commitments

Raymond James Affordable Housing Investments, Inc. (“RJAHI”) sells investments in project partnerships to various LIHTC funds, which have third-party investors, and for which RJAHI serves as the managing member or general partner. RJAHI typically sells investments in project partnerships to LIHTC funds within 90 days of their acquisition. Until such investments are sold to LIHTC funds, RJAHI is responsible for funding investment commitments to such partnerships. As of December 31, 2022, RJAHI had committed approximately $254 million to project partnerships that had not yet been sold to LIHTC funds. Because we expect to sell these project partnerships to LIHTC funds and the equity funding events arise over future periods, the contractual commitments are not expected to materially impact our future liquidity requirements. RJAHI may also make short-term loans or advances to project partnerships and LIHTC funds.

For information regarding our lease commitments see Note 11 of this Form 10-Q and for information on the maturities of our lease liabilities see Note 14 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Guarantees

Our U.S. broker-dealer subsidiaries are required by federal law to be members of the Securities Investors Protection Corporation (“SIPC”). The SIPC fund provides protection up to $500 thousand per client for securities and cash held in client accounts, including a limitation of $250 thousand on claims for cash balances. We have purchased excess SIPC coverage through various syndicates of Lloyd’s of London. For RJ&A, our clearing broker-dealer, the additional protection currently provided has an aggregate firm limit of $750 million for cash and securities, including a sub-limit of $1.9 million per client for cash above basic SIPC. Account protection applies when a SIPC member fails financially and is unable to meet its obligations to clients. This coverage does not protect against market fluctuations. RJF has provided an indemnity to Lloyd’s of London against any and all losses they may incur associated with the excess SIPC policies.

Legal and regulatory matters contingencies

In the normal course of our business, we have been named, from time to time, as a defendant in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation, arising in connection with our activities as a diversified financial services institution.

RJF and certain of its subsidiaries are subject to regular reviews and inspections by regulatory authorities and self-regulatory organizations. Reviews can result in the imposition of sanctions for regulatory violations, ranging from non-monetary censures to fines and, in serious cases, temporary or permanent suspension from conducting business, or limitations on certain business activities. In addition, regulatory agencies and self-regulatory organizations institute investigations from time to time, among other things, into industry practices, which can also result in the imposition of such sanctions. For example, the firm is continuing its cooperation with the SEC in connection with an investigation of the firm’s investment advisory business’ compliance with records preservation requirements relating to business communications sent over electronic messaging channels that have not been approved by the firm. The SEC is reportedly conducting similar investigations of record preservation practices at other financial institutions.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

We may contest liability and/or the amount of damages, as appropriate, in each pending matter. The level of litigation and investigatory activity (both formal and informal) by government and self-regulatory agencies in the financial services industry continues to be significant. There can be no assurance that material losses will not be incurred from claims that have not yet been asserted or are not yet determined to be material.

For many legal and regulatory matters, we are unable to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss as we cannot predict if, how or when such proceedings or investigations will be resolved or what the eventual settlement, fine, penalty or other relief, if any, may be. A large number of factors may contribute to this inherent unpredictability: the proceeding is in its early stages; the damages sought are unspecified, unsupported or uncertain; it is unclear whether a case brought as a class action will be allowed to proceed on that basis; the other party is seeking relief other than or in addition to compensatory damages (including, in the case of regulatory and governmental proceedings, potential fines and penalties); the matters present significant legal uncertainties; we have not engaged in settlement discussions; discovery is not complete; there are significant facts in dispute; and numerous parties are named as defendants (including where it is uncertain how liability might be shared among defendants). Subject to the foregoing, after consultation with counsel, we believe that the outcome of such litigation and regulatory proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition. However, the outcome of such litigation and regulatory proceedings could be material to our operating results and cash flows for a particular future period, depending on, among other things, our revenues or income for such period.

There are certain matters for which we are unable to estimate the upper end of the range of reasonably possible loss. With respect to legal and regulatory matters for which management has been able to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss as of December 31, 2022, we estimated the upper end of the range of reasonably possible aggregate loss to be approximately $100 million in excess of the aggregate accruals for such matters.  Refer to Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of our criteria for recognizing liabilities for contingencies.

NOTE 16 – SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred stock

The following table details the shares outstanding, carrying value, and aggregate liquidation preference of our preferred stock. For further details regarding our preferred stock see Note 20 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

$ in millions, except share count						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
6.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series A Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”):
Shares outstanding						40,250						40,250
Carrying value						$	41					$	41
Aggregate liquidation preference						$	40					$	40
6.375% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series B Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”):
Shares outstanding						80,500						80,500
Carrying value						$	79					$	79
Aggregate liquidation preference						$	81					$	81

The following table details dividends declared and dividends paid on our Series A and Series B preferred stock for the three months ended December 31, 2022.

$ in millions, except per share amounts						Total dividends						Per preferred share amount
Dividends declared:
Series A Preferred Stock						$	1					$	16.88
Series B Preferred Stock						1						$	15.94
Total preferred stock dividends declared						$	2
Dividends paid:
Series A Preferred Stock						$	1					$	16.88
Series B Preferred Stock						1						$	15.94
Total preferred stock dividends paid						$	2

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Common equity

Common stock issuance

We issue shares from time-to-time during the year to satisfy obligations under certain of our share-based compensation programs. See Note 19 of this Form 10-Q and Note 23 of our 2022 Form 10-K for additional information on these programs. We may also reissue treasury shares for such purposes.

Share repurchases

We repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time for a number of reasons, including to offset dilution from share-based compensation. In December 2022, our Board of Directors authorized common stock repurchases of up to $1.5 billion, which replaced the previous authorization. Our share repurchases are effected primarily through regular open-market purchases, typically under a SEC Rule 10b-18 plan, the amounts and timing of which are determined primarily by our current and projected capital position, applicable law and regulatory constraints, general market conditions, and the price and trading volumes of our common stock. During the three months ended December 31, 2022, we repurchased 1.29 million shares of our common stock for $138 million at an average price of $106 per share under the Board of Directors’ common stock repurchase authorization. As of December 31, 2022, approximately $1.4 billion remained available under such authorization.

Common stock dividends

Dividends per common share declared and paid are detailed in the following table for each respective period.

			Three months ended December 31,
			2022						2021
Dividends per common share - declared			$	0.42					$	0.34
Dividends per common share - paid			$	0.34					$	0.26

Our dividend payout ratio is detailed in the following table for each respective period and is computed by dividing dividends declared per common share by earnings per diluted common share.

						Three months ended December 31,
						2022						2021
Dividend payout ratio						18.3		%				16.2		%

RJF expects to continue paying cash dividends. However, the payment and rate of dividends on our common stock are subject to several factors including our operating results, financial and regulatory requirements or restrictions, and the availability of funds from our subsidiaries, including our broker-dealer and bank subsidiaries, which may also be subject to restrictions under regulatory capital rules. The availability of funds from subsidiaries may also be subject to restrictions contained in loan covenants of certain broker-dealer loan agreements and restrictions by bank regulators on dividends to the parent from Raymond James Bank and TriState Capital Bank. See Note 20 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on our regulatory capital requirements.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)

All of the components of other comprehensive income/(loss) (“OCI”), net of tax, were attributable to RJF. The following table presents the net change in AOCI as well as the changes, and the related tax effects, of each component of AOCI.

$ in millions						Net investment hedges						Currency translations						Subtotal: net investment hedges and currency translations						Available- for-sale securities						Cash flow hedges						Total
Three months ended December 31, 2022
AOCI as of beginning of period						$	153					$	(276)					$	(123)					$	(902)					$	43					$	(982)
OCI:
OCI before reclassifications and taxes						(19)						60						41						85						2						128
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, before tax						—						—						—						—						(5)						(5)
Pre-tax net OCI						(19)						60						41						85						(3)						123
Income tax effect						5						—						5						(38)						1						(32)
OCI for the period, net of tax						(14)						60						46						47						(2)						91
AOCI as of end of period						$	139					$	(216)					$	(77)					$	(855)					$	41					$	(891)
Three months ended December 31, 2021
AOCI as of beginning of period						$	81					$	(90)					$	(9)					$	(5)					$	(27)					$	(41)
OCI:
OCI before reclassifications and taxes						(2)						1						(1)						(72)						8						(65)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, before tax						—						—						—						—						4						4
Pre-tax net OCI						(2)						1						(1)						(72)						12						(61)
Income tax effect						1						—						1						17						(3)						15
OCI for the period, net of tax						(1)						1						—						(55)						9						(46)
AOCI as of end of period						$	80					$	(89)					$	(9)					$	(60)					$	(18)					$	(87)

Reclassifications from AOCI to net income, excluding taxes, for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were recorded in “Interest expense” on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Our net investment hedges and cash flow hedges relate to derivatives associated with our Bank segment. For further information about our significant accounting policies related to derivatives, see Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K. In addition, see Note 5 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on these derivatives.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 17 – REVENUES

The following tables present our sources of revenues by segment. For further information about our significant accounting policies related to revenue recognition see Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K. See and Note 22 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on our segment results.

						Three Months Ended December 31, 2022
$ in millions						Private Client Group						Capital Markets						Asset Management						Bank						Other and intersegment eliminations						Total
Revenues:
Asset management and related administrative fees						$	1,053					$	1					$	197					$	—					$	(9)					$	1,242
Brokerage revenues:
Securities commissions:
Mutual and other fund products						128						1						1						—						—						130
Insurance and annuity products						104						—						—						—						—						104
Equities, exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and fixed income products						85						33						—						—						—						118
Subtotal securities commissions						317						34						1						—						—						352
Principal transactions (1)						28						100						—						4						—						132
Total brokerage revenues						345						134						1						4						—						484
Account and service fees:
Mutual fund and annuity service fees						98						—						—						—						—						98
RJBDP fees						405						1						—						—						(269)						137
Client account and other fees						60						2						5						—						(13)						54
Total account and service fees						563						3						5						—						(282)						289
Investment banking:
Merger & acquisition and advisory						—						102						—						—						—						102
Equity underwriting						9						15						—						—						(1)						23
Debt underwriting						—						16						—						—						—						16
Total investment banking						9						133						—						—						(1)						141
Other:
Affordable housing investments business revenues						—						24						—						—						—						24
All other (1)						6						—						2						13						(1)						20
Total other						6						24						2						13						(1)						44
Total non-interest revenues						1,976						295						205						17						(293)						2,200
Interest income (1)						109						23						2						676						17						827
Total revenues						2,085						318						207						693						(276)						3,027
Interest expense						(22)						(23)						—						(185)						(11)						(241)
Net revenues						$	2,063					$	295					$	207					$	508					$	(287)					$	2,786

(1)    These revenues are generally not in scope of the accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

						Three Months Ended December 31, 2021
$ in millions						Private Client Group						Capital Markets						Asset Management						Bank						Other and intersegment eliminations						Total
Revenues:
Asset management and related administrative fees						$	1,162					$	1					$	227					$	—					$	(8)					$	1,382
Brokerage revenues:
Securities commissions:
Mutual and other fund products						171						2						2						—						—						175
Insurance and annuity products						111						—						—						—						—						111
Equities, ETFs and fixed income products						104						35						—						—						—						139
Subtotal securities commissions						386						37						2						—						—						425
Principal transactions (1)						11						122						—						—						—						133
Total brokerage revenues						397						159						2						—						—						558
Account and service fees:
Mutual fund and annuity service fees						114						—						—						—						(1)						113
RJBDP fees						67						—						—						—						(50)						17
Client account and other fees						49						2						6						—						(10)						47
Total account and service fees						230						2						6						—						(61)						177
Investment banking:
Merger & acquisition and advisory						—						271						—						—						—						271
Equity underwriting						13						97						—						—						—						110
Debt underwriting						—						44						—						—						—						44
Total investment banking						13						412						—						—						—						425
Other:
Affordable housing investments business revenues						—						35						—						—						—						35
All other (1)						7						2						1						6						—						16
Total other						7						37						1						6						—						51
Total non-interest revenues						1,809						611						236						6						(69)						2,593
Interest income (1)						33						5						—						187						—						225
Total revenues						1,842						616						236						193						(69)						2,818
Interest expense						(3)						(2)						—						(10)						(22)						(37)
Net revenues						$	1,839					$	614					$	236					$	183					$	(91)					$	2,781

(1)    These revenues are generally not in scope of the accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers.

At December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, net receivables related to contracts with customers were $432 million and $511 million, respectively.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 18 – INTEREST INCOME AND INTEREST EXPENSE

The following table details the components of interest income and interest expense.

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Interest income:
Cash and cash equivalents						$	55					$	3
Assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash						50						4
Trading assets — debt securities						14						4
Available-for-sale securities						53						22
Brokerage client receivables						41						21
Bank loans, net						599						164
All other						15						7
Total interest income						$	827					$	225
Interest expense:
Bank deposits						$	172					$	6
Trading liabilities — debt securities						10						1
Brokerage client payables						17						1
Other borrowings						9						5
Senior notes payable						23						23
All other						10						1
Total interest expense						$	241					$	37
Net interest income						$	586					$	188
Bank loan (provision)/benefit for credit losses						(14)						11
Net interest income after bank loan (provision)/benefit for credit losses						$	572					$	199

Interest expense related to bank deposits in the preceding table excludes interest expense associated with affiliate deposits which has been eliminated in consolidation.

NOTE 19 – SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

We have one share-based compensation plan, The Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Incentive Plan (“the Plan”), for our employees, Board of Directors, and independent contractor financial advisors. Generally, we reissue our treasury shares under the Plan; however, we are also permitted to issue new shares. Our share-based compensation awards are primarily issued during the fiscal first quarter of each year. Our share-based compensation accounting policies are described in Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K.  Other information related to our share-based awards is presented in Note 23 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Restricted stock units

During the three months ended December 31, 2022, we granted approximately 1.9 million RSUs with a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $117.66, compared with approximately 2.3 million RSUs granted during the three months ended December 31, 2021, with a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $96.99. For the three months ended December 31, 2022, total share-based compensation amortization related to RSUs was $76 million, compared with $63 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021.

As of December 31, 2022, there were $462 million of total pre-tax compensation costs not yet recognized (net of estimated forfeitures) related to RSUs, including those granted during the three months ended December 31, 2022. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of three years.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Restricted stock awards

Restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) were issued as a component of our total purchase consideration for TriState Capital Holdings, Inc. (“TriState Capital”) on June 1, 2022, in accordance with the terms of the acquisition. See Note 23 of our 2022 Form 10-K for further discussion of these awards. For the three months ended December 31, 2022 total share-based compensation amortization related to RSAs was $3 million. As of December 31, 2022, there were $18 million of total pre-tax compensation costs not yet recognized for these RSAs. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years.

NOTE 20 – REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS

RJF, as a bank holding company and financial holding company, as well as Raymond James Bank, TriState Capital Bank, our broker-dealer subsidiaries and our trust subsidiaries are subject to capital requirements by various regulatory authorities. Capital levels of each entity are monitored to ensure compliance with our various regulatory capital requirements.  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on our financial results.

As a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHC Act”) that has made an election to be a financial holding company, RJF is subject to supervision, examination, and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“the Fed”). We are subject to the Fed’s capital rules which establish an integrated regulatory capital framework and implement, in the U.S., the Basel III regulatory capital reforms from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and certain changes required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. The FDIC’s capital rules, which are substantially similar to the Fed’s rules, apply to TriState Capital Bank. We apply the standardized approach for calculating risk-weighted assets and are also subject to the market risk provisions of the Fed’s capital rules (“market risk rule”).

Under these rules, minimum requirements are established for both the quantity and quality of capital held by banking organizations. RJF, Raymond James Bank, and TriState Capital Bank are required to maintain minimum leverage ratios (defined as tier 1 capital divided by adjusted average assets), as well as minimum ratios of tier 1 capital, common equity tier 1 (“CET1”), and total capital to risk-weighted assets. These capital ratios incorporate quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under the regulatory capital rules and are subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk-weightings, and other factors. We calculate these ratios in order to assess compliance with both regulatory requirements and internal capital policies. In order to maintain our ability to take certain capital actions, including dividends and common equity repurchases, and to make bonus payments, we must hold a capital conservation buffer above our minimum risk-based capital requirements. As of December 31, 2022, capital levels at RJF, Raymond James Bank, and TriState Capital Bank exceeded the capital conservation buffer requirement and each entity was categorized as “well-capitalized.”

For further discussion of regulatory capital requirements applicable to certain of our businesses and subsidiaries, see Note 24 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

To meet requirements for capital adequacy or to be categorized as “well-capitalized,” RJF must maintain minimum Tier 1 leverage, Tier 1 capital, CET1, and Total capital amounts and ratios as set forth in the following table.

						Actual												Requirement for capital adequacy purposes												To be well-capitalized under regulatory provisions
$ in millions						Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio
RJF as of December 31, 2022:
Tier 1 leverage						$	8,844					11.3		%				$	3,121					4.0		%				$	3,901					5.0		%
Tier 1 capital						$	8,844					20.3		%				$	2,618					6.0		%				$	3,490					8.0		%
CET1						$	8,728					20.0		%				$	1,963					4.5		%				$	2,836					6.5		%
Total capital						$	9,407					21.6		%				$	3,490					8.0		%				$	4,363					10.0		%
RJF as of September 30, 2022:
Tier 1 leverage						$	8,480					10.3		%				$	3,304					4.0		%				$	4,130					5.0		%
Tier 1 capital						$	8,480					19.2		%				$	2,651					6.0		%				$	3,534					8.0		%
CET1						$	8,380					19.0		%				$	1,988					4.5		%				$	2,871					6.5		%
Total capital						$	9,031					20.4		%				$	3,534					8.0		%				$	4,418					10.0		%

As of December 31, 2022, RJF’s regulatory capital increase compared with September 30, 2022 was driven by positive earnings, net of share repurchases and dividends paid during our fiscal first quarter of 2023. RJF’s Tier 1 and Total capital ratios increased compared with September 30, 2022 resulting from the increase in regulatory capital, as well as a decrease in risk-weighted assets. The decrease in risk-weighted assets was primarily driven by a decrease in our assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash, as well as a decrease in receivables, partially offset by an increase in our bank loan portfolio.

RJF’s Tier 1 leverage ratio at December 31, 2022 increased compared with September 30, 2022 due to the increase in regulatory capital, as well as lower average assets primarily driven by a decrease in assets segregated for regulatory purposes, partially offset by an increase in our bank loan portfolio.

To meet the requirements for capital adequacy or to be categorized as “well-capitalized,” Raymond James Bank and TriState Capital Bank must maintain Tier 1 leverage, Tier 1 capital, CET1, and Total capital amounts and ratios as set forth in the following tables. Our intention is to maintain Raymond James Bank’s and TriState Capital Bank’s “well-capitalized” status. In the unlikely event that Raymond James Bank or TriState Capital Bank failed to maintain their “well-capitalized” status, the consequences could include a requirement to obtain a waiver from the FDIC prior to acceptance, renewal, or rollover of brokered deposits and result in higher FDIC premiums, but would not significantly impact our operations.

						Actual												Requirement for capital adequacy purposes												To be well-capitalized under regulatory provisions
$ in millions						Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio
Raymond James Bank as of December 31, 2022:
Tier 1 leverage						$	3,189					7.4		%				$	1,722					4.0		%				$	2,152					5.0		%
Tier 1 capital						$	3,189					12.6		%				$	1,520					6.0		%				$	2,026					8.0		%
CET1						$	3,189					12.6		%				$	1,140					4.5		%				$	1,646					6.5		%
Total capital						$	3,506					13.8		%				$	2,026					8.0		%				$	2,533					10.0		%
Raymond James Bank as of September 30, 2022:
Tier 1 leverage						$	2,998					7.1		%				$	1,695					4.0		%				$	2,119					5.0		%
Tier 1 capital						$	2,998					12.1		%				$	1,485					6.0		%				$	1,979					8.0		%
CET1						$	2,998					12.1		%				$	1,113					4.5		%				$	1,608					6.5		%
Total capital						$	3,308					13.4		%				$	1,979					8.0		%				$	2,474					10.0		%

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Raymond James Bank’s regulatory capital increased compared with September 30, 2022, driven by positive earnings, partially offset by dividends paid to RJF. Raymond James Bank’s Tier 1 and Total capital ratios increased compared with September 30, 2022 resulting from the increase in regulatory capital, partially offset by an increase in risk-weighted assets due to growth in the bank loan portfolio. Raymond James Bank’s Tier 1 leverage ratio at December 31, 2022 increased compared with September 30, 2022 due to the increase in regulatory capital, partially offset by an increase in average assets, primarily driven by an increase in the bank loan portfolio.

						Actual												Requirement for capital adequacy purposes												To be well-capitalized under regulatory provisions
$ in millions						Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio
TriState Capital Bank as of December 31, 2022:
Tier 1 leverage						$	1,131					7.3		%				$	621					4.0		%				$	776					5.0		%
Tier 1 capital						$	1,131					14.0		%				$	486					6.0		%				$	649					8.0		%
CET1						$	1,131					14.0		%				$	365					4.5		%				$	527					6.5		%
Total capital						$	1,162					14.3		%				$	649					8.0		%				$	811					10.0		%
TriState Capital Bank as of September 30, 2022:
Tier 1 leverage						$	1,093					7.3		%				$	601					4.0		%				$	752					5.0		%
Tier 1 capital						$	1,093					14.1		%				$	463					6.0		%				$	618					8.0		%
CET1						$	1,093					14.1		%				$	348					4.5		%				$	502					6.5		%
Total capital						$	1,122					14.5		%				$	618					8.0		%				$	772					10.0		%

TriState Capital Bank’s regulatory capital increased compared with September 30, 2022, driven by positive earnings. TriState Capital Bank’s Tier 1 and Total capital ratios decreased compared with September 30, 2022, due to an increase in risk-weighted assets, primarily resulting from increases in bank loans and available-for-sale securities, partially offset by the increase in regulatory capital. TriState Capital Bank’s Tier 1 leverage ratio at December 31, 2022 was flat compared with September 30, 2022 as the increase in regulatory capital was offset by an increase in average assets, primarily driven by the increases in bank loans and available-for-sale securities.

Our banking subsidiaries may pay dividends to RJF without prior approval of their respective regulators subject to certain restrictions including retained net income and targeted regulatory capital ratios. Dividends paid to RJF from our banking subsidiaries may be limited to the extent that capital is needed to support their balance sheet growth.

Certain of our broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the requirements of the Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The following table presents the net capital position of RJ&A.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Raymond James & Associates, Inc.:
(Alternative Method elected)
Net capital as a percent of aggregate debit items						45.7		%				40.9		%
Net capital						$	1,168					$	1,152
Less: required net capital						(51)						(56)
Excess net capital						$	1,117					$	1,096

As of December 31, 2022, all of our other active regulated domestic and international subsidiaries were in compliance with and exceeded all applicable capital requirements.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 21 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share.

						Three months ended December 31,
in millions, except per share amounts						2022						2021
Income for basic earnings per common share:
Net income available to common shareholders						$	507					$	446
Less allocation of earnings and dividends to participating securities						(1)						(1)
Net income available to common shareholders after participating securities						$	506					$	445
Income for diluted earnings per common share:
Net income available to common shareholders						$	507					$	446
Less allocation of earnings and dividends to participating securities						(1)						(1)
Net income available to common shareholders after participating securities						$	506					$	445
Common shares:
Average common shares in basic computation						214.7						206.3
Dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and certain RSUs						5.7						6.1
Average common and common equivalent shares used in diluted computation						220.4						212.4
Earnings per common share:
Basic						$	2.36					$	2.16
Diluted						$	2.30					$	2.10
Stock options and certain RSUs excluded from weighted-average diluted common shares because their effect would be antidilutive						1.2						—

The allocation of earnings and dividends to participating securities in the preceding table represents dividends paid during the period to participating securities, consisting of certain RSUs, as well as the RSAs granted as part of our acquisition of TriState Capital, plus an allocation of undistributed earnings to such participating securities. Participating securities and related dividends paid on these participating securities were insignificant for each of the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.  Undistributed earnings are allocated to participating securities based upon their right to share in earnings if all earnings for the period had been distributed.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 22 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

We currently operate through the following five segments: PCG; Capital Markets; Asset Management; Bank; and Other.

The segments are determined based upon factors such as the services provided and the distribution channels served and are consistent with how we assess performance and determine how to allocate our resources. For a further discussion of our segments, see Note 26 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

The following table presents information concerning operations in these segments.

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Net revenues:
Private Client Group						$	2,063					$	1,839
Capital Markets						295						614
Asset Management						207						236
Bank						508						183
Other						9						(15)
Intersegment eliminations						(296)						(76)
Total net revenues						$	2,786					$	2,781
Pre-tax income/(loss):
Private Client Group						$	434					$	195
Capital Markets						(16)						201
Asset Management						80						107
Bank						136						102
Other (1)						18						(47)
Total pre-tax income						$	652					$	558

(1)    The three months ended December 31, 2022 included the favorable impact of a $32 million insurance settlement received during the quarter related to a previously settled litigation matter. This item has been reflected as an offset to “Other” expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive income.

No individual client accounted for more than ten percent of revenues in any of the periods presented.

The following table presents our net interest income on a segment basis.

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Net interest income/(expense):
Private Client Group						$	87					$	30
Capital Markets						—						3
Asset Management						2						—
Bank						491						177
Other						6						(22)
Net interest income						$	586					$	188

The following table presents our total assets on a segment basis.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Total assets:
Private Client Group						$	13,920					$	17,770
Capital Markets						2,898						3,951
Asset Management						558						556
Bank						57,623						56,737
Other						2,048						1,937
Total						$	77,047					$	80,951

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The following table presents goodwill, which was included in our total assets, on a segment basis.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Goodwill:
Private Client Group						$	562					$	550
Capital Markets						275						274
Asset Management						69						69
Bank						529						529
Total						$	1,435					$	1,422

We have operations in the U.S., Canada, and Europe. Substantially all long-lived assets are located in the U.S.  The following table presents our net revenues and pre-tax income classified by major geographic area in which they were earned.

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021
Net revenues:
U.S.						$	2,540					$	2,589
Canada						134						137
Europe						112						55
Total						$	2,786					$	2,781
Pre-tax income:
U.S.						$	609					$	531
Canada						31						17
Europe						12						10
Total						$	652					$	558

The following table presents our total assets by major geographic area in which they were held.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Total assets:
U.S.						$	70,762					$	74,428
Canada						3,594						3,631
Europe						2,691						2,892
Total						$	77,047					$	80,951

The following table presents goodwill, which was included in our total assets, classified by major geographic area in which it was held.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Goodwill:
U.S.						$	1,250					$	1,250
Canada						23						23
Europe						162						149
Total						$	1,435					$	1,422

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

INDEX
			PAGE
Factors affecting “forward-looking statements”			47
Introduction			47
Executive overview			47
Reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP financial measures			49
Net interest analysis			52
Results of Operations
Private Client Group			55
Capital Markets			59
Asset Management			60
Bank			63
Other			64
Statement of financial condition analysis			65
Liquidity and capital resources			65
Regulatory			71
Critical accounting estimates			72
Recent accounting developments			73
Risk management			73

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

FACTORS AFFECTING “FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS”

Certain statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may constitute “forward-looking statements” under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include information concerning future strategic objectives, business prospects, anticipated savings, financial results (including expenses, earnings, liquidity, cash flow and capital expenditures), industry or market conditions, demand for and pricing of our products, acquisitions, divestitures, anticipated results of litigation, regulatory developments, and general economic conditions. In addition, words such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” and future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “may,” “could,” “should,” and “would,” as well as any other statement that necessarily depends on future events, is intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees, and they involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Although we make such statements based on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. We caution investors not to rely unduly on any forward-looking statements and urge you to carefully consider the risks described in our filings with the SEC from time to time, including our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Current Reports on Form 8-K, which are available at www.raymondjames.com and the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statement in the event it later turns out to be inaccurate, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

INTRODUCTION

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand the results of our operations and financial condition. This MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. Where “NM” is used in various percentage change computations, the computed percentage change has been determined to be not meaningful.

We operate as a financial holding company and bank holding company. Results in the businesses in which we operate are highly correlated to general economic conditions and, more specifically, to the direction of the U.S. equity and fixed income markets, changes in interest rates, market volatility, corporate and mortgage lending markets and commercial and residential credit trends.  Overall market conditions, economic, political and regulatory trends, and industry competition are among the factors which could affect us and which are unpredictable and beyond our control.  These factors affect the financial decisions made by market participants, including investors, borrowers, and competitors, impacting their level of participation in the financial markets. These factors also impact the level of investment banking activity and asset valuations, which ultimately affect our business results.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2021

For our fiscal first quarter of 2023, we generated net revenues of $2.79 billion, flat compared with the prior-year quarter, while pre-tax income of $652 million increased 17%. Our net income available to common shareholders of $507 million increased 14%, and our earnings per diluted share were $2.30, reflecting a 10% increase. Our annualized return on common equity (“ROCE”) for the quarter was 21.3%, compared with 21.2% for the prior-year quarter, and our annualized return on tangible common equity (“ROTCE”) was 26.2%(1), compared with 23.4%(1) for the prior-year quarter.

The three months ended December 31, 2022 included the favorable impact of a $32 million insurance settlement received during the quarter related to a previously settled litigation matter. Excluding the favorable impact of the insurance settlement received, as well as expenses related to acquisitions completed in prior years, such as compensation related to retention awards and amortization of identifiable intangible assets, our adjusted net income available to common shareholders was $505 million(1), 9% higher than adjusted net income for the prior-year quarter, and our adjusted earnings per diluted share were $2.29(1), 6% higher than adjusted earnings per diluted share for the prior-year quarter. Adjusted annualized ROCE for the quarter was 21.2%(1) and adjusted annualized ROTCE was 26.1%(1), compared with adjusted annualized ROCE of 21.9%(1) and adjusted annualized ROTCE of 24.3%(1) for the prior-year quarter.

(1)    ROTCE, adjusted net income available to common shareholders, adjusted earnings per diluted share, adjusted annualized ROCE, and adjusted annualized ROTCE are non-GAAP financial measures. Please see the “Reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP financial measures” in this MD&A for a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures, and for other important disclosures.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Quarterly net revenues were flat compared with the prior-year quarter as the benefit of higher short-term interest rates on net interest income and RJBDP fees from third-party banks, as well as incremental revenues from our prior-year acquisitions of TriState Capital, Charles Stanley Group PLC (“Charles Stanley”), and SumRidge Partners, LLC (“SumRidge Partners”) were offset by lower investment banking revenues due to a challenging market environment during the current quarter, and a decrease in asset management and related administrative fees, as a result of lower fee-based assets at the beginning of the current quarter compared with the prior-year quarter. Brokerage revenues also declined compared with the prior-year quarter primarily due to decreased activity from depository clients, as well as lower asset-based trailing revenues in the PCG segment.

Compensation, commissions and benefits expense decreased 8%, primarily attributable to the decrease in compensable revenues compared with the prior-year quarter, partially offset by incremental compensation expenses related to the aforementioned acquisitions. Our compensation ratio, or the ratio of compensation, commissions and benefits expense to net revenues, was 62.3%, compared with 67.7% for the prior-year quarter. Excluding acquisition-related compensation expenses, our adjusted compensation ratio was 61.7%(1), compared with 67.3%(1) for the prior-year quarter. The decline in the compensation ratio primarily resulted from changes in our revenue mix due to higher net interest income and RJBDP fees from third-party banks, which have little associated direct compensation.

Non-compensation expenses increased 17%, due to incremental expenses from the aforementioned acquisitions, as well as increases in the bank loan provision for credit losses, business development expenses and communications and information processing expenses. The bank loan provision for credit losses was $14 million for the current-year quarter, compared with a benefit of $11 million for the prior-year quarter. Partially offsetting these increases was the aforementioned favorable insurance settlement received.

Our effective income tax rate was 21.9% for our fiscal first quarter of 2023, an increase compared with the 20.1% effective income tax rate for the prior-year quarter, a modest increase, as both periods included similar levels of non-taxable gains associated with our company-owned life insurance policies, as well as excess tax benefits on share-based compensation.

As of December 31, 2022, our Tier 1 leverage ratio of 11.3% and Total capital ratio of 21.6% were both more than double the regulatory requirement to be considered well-capitalized. We also continue to have substantial liquidity with $2.0 billion(2) of cash at the parent as of December 31, 2022, which includes cash the parent loans to RJ&A to invest on its behalf. We believe our funding and capital position provide us the opportunity to continue to grow our balance sheet prudently. In December, the Board of Directors increased the quarterly cash dividend on common shares to $0.42 per share and authorized common stock repurchases of up to $1.5 billion. During the three months ended December 31, 2022, we repurchased 1.29 million shares of our common stock for $138 million at an average price of $106 per share under the Board of Directors’ common stock repurchase authorization. After the effect of those repurchases, $1.4 billion remained under such authorization. We currently expect to continue to repurchase our common stock in fiscal 2023 to offset the shares issued with the acquisition of TriState Capital in fiscal 2022, as well as to offset dilution from share-based compensation; however, we will continue to monitor market conditions and other capital needs as we consider these repurchases.

We remain well-positioned entering our fiscal second quarter of 2023. We expect our fiscal second quarter results to positively benefit from the realization of a full quarter impact of the increases in the Fed’s short-term benchmark interest rate of 75-basis points in November 2022 and 50-basis points in December 2022, as well as the 25-basis points increase in February 2023. With clients’ domestic cash sweep balances of $60.4 billion as of December 31, 2022 and our high concentration of floating-rate assets, we also believe we are well-positioned for any further increases in short-term interest rates, which we expect to positively impact our net interest income and our RJBDP fees from third-party banks; however, we anticipate further declines in client cash balances during the second quarter as clients continue to move their cash from our cash sweep program into higher-yielding investment alternatives which could partially offset the otherwise positive impact on our results from the increase in interest rates. Asset management and related administrative fees will be positively impacted by the 8% increase in PCG fee-based assets as of December 31, 2022, and we anticipate this to result in a benefit approximating 5%-6% compared to the first quarter level. In addition, our recruiting pipelines remain solid across our affiliation options and we continue to see solid retention of existing advisors. However, we expect to continue to face macroeconomic uncertainties which may continue to have a negative impact on equity and fixed income markets. As a result, we may continue to experience headwinds for brokerage revenues and investment banking revenues, despite our healthy investment banking pipelines. Net loan growth should result in additional provisions for credit losses and future economic deterioration could result in increased bank loan provisions for credit losses in future periods. In addition, although we remain focused on the management of expenses, we expect that expenses will continue to increase in part as a result of inflationary pressures on our costs, and as we continue to make investments in our people and technology to support our growth.

(1)    Adjusted compensation ratio is a non-GAAP financial measure. Please see the “Reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP financial measures” in this MD&A for a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures, and for other important disclosures.

(2)    For additional information, please see the “Liquidity and capital resources - Sources of liquidity” section in this MD&A.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES TO GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

We utilize certain non-GAAP financial measures as additional measures to aid in, and enhance, the understanding of our financial results and related measures. These non-GAAP financial measures have been separately identified in this document. We believe certain of these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to management and investors by excluding certain material items that may not be indicative of our core operating results. We utilize these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing the financial performance of the business, as they facilitate a comparison of current- and prior-period results. Beginning with our fiscal third quarter of 2022, certain of our non-GAAP financial measures have been adjusted for additional expenses directly related to our acquisitions that we believe are not indicative of our core operating results, such as those related to amortization of identifiable intangible assets arising from acquisitions and acquisition-related retention. Prior periods have been conformed to the current period presentation. We believe that return on tangible common equity is meaningful to investors as it facilitates comparisons of our results to the results of other companies. In the following tables, the tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments reflects the statutory rate associated with each non-GAAP item. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures of other companies. The following tables provide a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

						Three months ended
$ in millions						December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Net income available to common shareholders						$	507					$	446
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Expenses directly related to acquisitions included in the following financial statement line items:
Compensation, commissions and benefits — Acquisition-related retention						18						11
Professional fees						—						2
Other — Amortization of identifiable intangible assets						11						8
Total expenses related to acquisitions						29						21
Other — Insurance settlement received						(32)						—
Pre-tax impact of non-GAAP adjustments						(3)						21
Tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments						1						(5)
Total non-GAAP adjustments, net of tax						(2)						16
Adjusted net income available to common shareholders						$	505					$	462
Compensation, commissions and benefits expense						$	1,736					$	1,884
Less: Acquisition-related retention (as detailed above)						18						11
Adjusted “Compensation, commissions and benefits” expense						$	1,718					$	1,873

						Three months ended
						December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Total compensation ratio						62.3		%				67.7		%
Less the impact of non-GAAP adjustments on compensation ratio:
Acquisition-related retention						0.6		%				0.4		%
Adjusted total compensation ratio						61.7		%				67.3		%

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

						Three months ended
Earnings per common share						December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Diluted earnings per common share						$	2.30					$	2.10
Impact of non-GAAP adjustments on diluted earnings per common share:
Compensation, commissions and benefits — Acquisition-related retention						0.08						0.05
Professional fees						—						0.01
Other — Amortization of identifiable intangible assets						0.06						0.03
Total expenses related to acquisitions						0.14						0.09
Other — Insurance settlement received						(0.15)						—
Tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments						—						(0.02)
Total non-GAAP adjustments, net of tax						(0.01)						0.07
Adjusted diluted earnings per common share						$	2.29					$	2.17

Return on common equity						Three months ended
$ in millions						December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Average common equity						$	9,537					$	8,423
Impact of non-GAAP adjustments on average common equity:
Compensation, commissions and benefits — Acquisition-related retention						9						6
Professional fees						—						1
Other — Amortization of identifiable intangible assets						5						4
Total expenses related to acquisitions						14						11
Other — Insurance settlement received						(16)						—
Tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments						1						(3)
Total non-GAAP adjustments, net of tax						(1)						8
Adjusted average common equity						$	9,536					$	8,431

						Three months ended
$ in millions						December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Average common equity						$	9,537					$	8,423
Less:
Average goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net						1,935						878
Average deferred tax liabilities related to goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net						(128)						(64)
Average tangible common equity						$	7,730					$	7,609
Impact of non-GAAP adjustments on average tangible common equity:
Compensation, commissions and benefits — Acquisition-related retention						9						6
Professional fees						—						1
Other — Amortization of identifiable intangible assets						5						4
Total expenses related to acquisitions						14						11
Other — Insurance settlement received						(16)						—
Tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments						1						(3)
Total non-GAAP adjustments, net of tax						(1)						8
Adjusted average tangible common equity						$	7,729					$	7,617
Return on common equity						21.3		%				21.2		%
Adjusted return on common equity						21.2		%				21.9		%
Return on tangible common equity						26.2		%				23.4		%
Adjusted return on tangible common equity						26.1		%				24.3		%

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Total compensation ratio is computed by dividing compensation, commissions and benefits expense by net revenues for each respective period. Adjusted total compensation ratio is computed by dividing adjusted compensation, commissions and benefits expense by net revenues for each respective period.

Tangible common equity is computed by subtracting goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net, along with the associated deferred tax liabilities, from total common equity attributable to RJF. Average common equity is computed by adding the total common equity attributable to RJF as of the date indicated to the prior quarter-end total, and dividing by two, or in the case of average tangible common equity, computed by adding tangible common equity as of the date indicated to the prior quarter-end total, and dividing by two. Adjusted average common equity is computed by adjusting for the impact on average common equity of the non-GAAP adjustments, as applicable for each respective period. Adjusted average tangible common equity is computed by adjusting for the impact on average tangible common equity of the non-GAAP adjustments, as applicable for each respective period.

ROCE is computed by dividing annualized net income available to common shareholders for the period indicated by average common equity for each respective period or, in the case of ROTCE, computed by dividing annualized net income available to common shareholders by average tangible common equity for each respective period. Adjusted ROCE is computed by dividing annualized adjusted net income available to common shareholders by adjusted average common equity for each respective period, or in the case of adjusted ROTCE, computed by dividing annualized adjusted net income available to common shareholders by adjusted average tangible common equity for each respective period.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

NET INTEREST ANALYSIS

Largely in response to inflationary pressures, the Fed rapidly increased its benchmark short-term interest rates, commencing in March 2022 and continuing into our fiscal first quarter of 2023, including a 75-basis point increase in November 2022, a 50-basis point increase in December 2022, and a 25-basis point increase in February 2023. The Fed indicated that it intends to closely monitor short-term interest rates throughout the remainder of our fiscal 2023. The following table details the Fed’s recent short-term interest rate activity.

Fed Funds Target Rate Schedule
RJF Fiscal quarter ended						Date of interest rate action						Increase/(decrease) in interest rates (in basis points)						Fed funds target rate
March 31 2020						March 16, 2020						(100)						0.00% - 0.25%
March 31, 2022						March 17, 2022						25						0.25% - 0.50%
June 30, 2022						May 5, 2022						50						0.75% - 1.00%
June 30, 2022						June 16, 2022						75						1.50% - 1.75%
September 30, 2022						July 28, 2022						75						2.25% - 2.50%
September 30, 2022						September 22, 2022						75						3.00% - 3.25%
December 31, 2022						November 3, 2022						75						3.75% - 4.00%
December 31, 2022						December 15, 2022						50						4.25% - 4.50%
Rate changes subsequent to December 31, 2022
March 31, 2023						February 1, 2023						25						4.50% - 4.75%

Increases in short-term interest rates positively impacted our net interest income during our fiscal first quarter 2023, as well as the fee income we earn from third-party banks on client cash balances swept to such banks as part of the RJBDP (included in account and service fees), which are also sensitive to changes in interest rates.

Given the relationship between our interest-sensitive assets and liabilities (primarily held in our PCG, Bank, and Other segments) and the nature of fees we earn from third-party banks in the RJBDP, increases in short-term interest rates generally result in an increase in our net earnings, although the magnitude of the impact to our net interest margin depends on the yields on interest-earning assets relative to the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, including deposit rates paid to clients on their cash balances. Changes to the regulatory landscape governing the fees the firm earns on client assets, including cash sweep balances, could negatively impact our earnings. In addition, our pace of loan growth may continue to fluctuate over time in response to changes in interest rates. As a result of our diverse funding sources, strong loan growth and high concentration of floating-rate assets, we benefited from the increases in short-term interest rates in our fiscal first quarter 2023 and believe we are well-positioned for our net interest earnings and RJBDP fees to continue to be favorably impacted by the recent increases in short-term interest rates, as well as any further fiscal 2023 increases. However, we also expect this benefit to be offset to some degree by declines in domestic client cash sweep balances as clients invest a portion of these cash balances in higher-yielding investment alternatives. In addition, our domestic client cash sweep balances represent a relatively low-cost funding source. The favorable impact we experience from further increases in short-term interest rates may be partially offset to the extent we pursue diversified funding sources other than our domestic client cash sweep balances, as those funding sources are typically more expensive than our domestic client cash sweep balances.

Refer to the discussion of our net interest income within the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations” of our PCG, Bank, and Other segments, where applicable. Also refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Private Client Group - Clients’ domestic cash sweep balances” for further information on the RJBDP.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table presents our consolidated average interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability balances, interest income and expense and the related rates.

Quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2021

						Three months ended December 31,
						2022																					2021
$ in millions						Average daily balance						Interest						Annualized average rate									Average daily balance						Interest						Annualized average rate
Interest-earning assets:
Bank segment:
Cash and cash equivalents						$	2,325					$	22					3.72		%							$	2,145					$	1					0.17		%
Available-for-sale securities						11,050						53						1.92		%							8,511						22						1.02		%
Loans held for sale and investment: (1) (2)
Loans held for investment:
SBL						15,038						226						5.87		%							6,289						35						2.20		%
C&I loans						11,176						169						5.91		%							8,581						55						2.49		%
CRE loans						6,798						110						6.35		%							2,941						20						2.67		%
REIT loans						1,628						24						5.87		%							1,133						7						2.56		%
Residential mortgage loans						7,626						57						2.99		%							5,451						37						2.68		%
Tax-exempt loans (3)						1,594						10						3.06		%							1,297						8						3.19		%
Loans held for sale						189						3						5.39		%							239						2						2.94		%
Total loans held for sale and investment						44,049						599						5.35		%							25,931						164						2.52		%
All other interest-earning assets						143						2						5.29		%							169						—						1.85		%
Interest-earning assets — Bank segment						$	57,567					$	676					4.63		%							$	36,756					$	187					2.03		%
All other segments:
Cash and cash equivalents						$	3,436					$	33					3.78		%							$	3,931					$	2					0.18		%
Assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash						6,237						50						3.17		%							13,011						4						0.12		%
Trading assets — debt securities						1,080						14						5.10		%							544						4						2.95		%
Brokerage client receivables						2,398						41						6.70		%							2,484						21						3.35		%
All other interest-earning assets						2,001						13						2.58		%							1,663						7						1.57		%
Interest-earning assets — all other segments						$	15,152					$	151					3.93		%							$	21,633					$	38					0.69		%
Total interest-earning assets						$	72,719					$	827					4.48		%							$	58,389					$	225					1.53		%
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Bank segment:
Bank deposits:
Money market and savings accounts						$	45,165					$	121					1.06		%							$	31,960					$	1					0.01		%
Interest-bearing checking accounts						5,149						47						3.59		%							187						1						1.62		%
Certificates of deposit						1,225						8						2.48		%							843						4						1.87		%
Total bank deposits (4)						51,539						176						1.35		%							32,990						6						0.07		%
FHLB advances and all other interest-bearing liabilities						1,397						9						2.61		%							863						4						2.21		%
Interest-bearing liabilities — Bank segment						$	52,936					$	185					1.38		%							$	33,853					$	10					0.12		%
All other segments:
Trading liabilities — debt securities						$	778					$	10					5.07		%							$	206					$	1					1.43		%
Brokerage client payables						5,597						17						1.17		%							14,300						1						0.03		%
Senior notes payable						2,038						23						4.44		%							2,037						23						4.44		%
All other interest-bearing liabilities						245						6						3.65		%							185						2						3.84		%
Interest-bearing liabilities — all other segments						$	8,658					$	56					2.36		%							$	16,728					$	27					0.62		%
Total interest-bearing liabilities						$	61,594					$	241					1.52		%							$	50,581					$	37					0.28		%
Firmwide net interest income												$	586																				$	188
Net interest margin (net yield on interest-earning assets)
Bank segment																		3.36		%																			1.92		%
Firmwide																		3.19		%																			1.29		%

(1) Loans are presented net of unamortized purchase discounts or premiums, unearned income, and deferred origination fees and costs.

(2) Nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan balances. Any payments received for corporate nonaccrual loans are applied entirely to principal. Interest income on residential mortgage nonaccrual loans is recognized on a cash basis.

(3) The yield on tax-exempt loans in the preceding table is presented on a taxable-equivalent basis utilizing the applicable federal statutory rates for each of the years presented.

(4) The average balance, interest expense, and average rate for “Total bank deposits” included amounts associated with affiliate deposits. Such amounts are eliminated in consolidation and are offset in “All other interest-bearing liabilities” under “All other segments”.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Increases and decreases in interest income and interest expense result from changes in average balances (volume) of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as well as changes in average interest rates. The following table shows the effect that these factors had on the interest earned on our interest-earning assets and the interest incurred on our interest-bearing liabilities. The effect of changes in volume is determined by multiplying the change in volume by the previous period’s average rate. Similarly, the effect of rate changes is calculated by multiplying the change in average rate by the previous period’s volume. Changes attributable to both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately.

						Three months ended December 31,
						2022 compared to 2021
						Increase/(decrease) due to
$ in millions						Volume						Rate						Total
Interest-earning assets:						Interest income
Bank segment:
Cash and cash equivalents						$	—					$	21					$	21
Available-for-sale securities						8						23						31
Loans held for sale and investment:
Loans held for investment:
SBL						87						104						191
C&I loans						21						93						114
CRE loans						44						46						90
REIT loans						4						13						17
Residential mortgage loans						16						4						20
Tax-exempt loans						4						(2)						2
Loans held for sale						(3)						4						1
Total loans held for sale and investment						173						262						435
All other interest-earning assets						(1)						3						2
Interest-earning assets — Bank segment						$	180					$	309					$	489
All other segments:
Cash and cash equivalents						$	(2)					$	33					$	31
Assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash						(15)						61						46
Trading assets — debt securities						6						4						10
Brokerage client receivables						(5)						25						20
All other interest-earning assets						1						5						6
Interest-earning assets — all other segments						$	(15)					$	128					$	113
Total interest-earning assets						$	165					$	437					$	602
Interest-bearing liabilities:						Interest expense
Bank segment:
Bank deposits:
Money market and savings accounts						$	—					$	120					$	120
Interest-bearing checking accounts						44						2						46
Certificates of deposit						2						2						4
Total bank deposits						46						124						170
FHLB advances and all other interest-bearing liabilities						4						1						5
Interest-bearing liabilities — Bank segment						$	50					$	125					$	175
All other segments:
Trading liabilities — debt securities						5						4						9
Brokerage client payables						(5)						21						16
All other interest-bearing liabilities						2						2						4
Interest-bearing liabilities — all other segments						$	2					$	27					$	29
Total interest-bearing liabilities						$	52					$	152					$	204
Change in firmwide net interest income						$	113					$	285					$	398

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – PRIVATE CLIENT GROUP

For an overview of our PCG segment operations, as well as a description of the key factors impacting our PCG results of operations, refer to the information presented in “Item 1 - Business” and “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Operating results

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021						% change
Revenues:
Asset management and related administrative fees						$	1,053					$	1,162					(9)		%
Brokerage revenues:
Mutual and other fund products						128						171						(25)		%
Insurance and annuity products						104						111						(6)		%
Equities, ETFs and fixed income products						113						115						(2)		%
Total brokerage revenues						345						397						(13)		%
Account and service fees:
Mutual fund and annuity service fees						98						114						(14)		%
RJBDP fees:
Bank segment						268						50						436		%
Third-party banks						137						17						706		%
Client account and other fees						60						49						22		%
Total account and service fees						563						230						145		%
Investment banking						9						13						(31)		%
Interest income						109						33						230		%
All other						6						7						(14)		%
Total revenues						2,085						1,842						13		%
Interest expense						(22)						(3)						633		%
Net revenues						2,063						1,839						12		%
Non-interest expenses:
Financial advisor compensation and benefits						1,075						1,187						(9)		%
Administrative compensation and benefits						342						283						21		%
Total compensation, commissions and benefits						1,417						1,470						(4)		%
Non-compensation expenses:
Communications and information processing						89						71						25		%
Occupancy and equipment						51						46						11		%
Business development						37						27						37		%
Professional fees						13						9						44		%
All other						22						21						5		%
Total non-compensation expenses						212						174						22		%
Total non-interest expenses						1,629						1,644						(1)		%
Pre-tax income						$	434					$	195					123		%

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Selected key metrics

PCG client asset balances

						As of
$ in billions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022																		December 31, 2021												September 30, 2021
Assets under administration (“AUA”) (1)						$	1,114.3					$	1,039.0																	$	1,199.8											$	1,115.4
Assets in fee-based accounts (1) (2)						$	633.1					$	586.0																	$	677.8											$	627.1
Percent of AUA in fee-based accounts						56.8		%				56.4		%																56.5		%										56.2		%

(1)Includes assets associated with firms affiliated with us through our Registered Investment Advisor and Custody Services (“RCS”) division of $115.6 billion as of December 31, 2022, $108.5 billion as of September 30, 2022, $101.6 billion as of December 31, 2021, and $92.7 billion as of September 30, 2021. Of these amounts, $96.6 billion as of December 31, 2022, $89.9 billion as of September 30, 2022, $85.5 billion as of December 31, 2021, and $77.2 billion as of September 30, 2021 were fee-based assets. Based on the nature of the services provided to such firms, revenues related to these assets are included in “Account and service fees.”

(2)A portion of our “Assets in fee-based accounts” is invested in “managed programs” overseen by our Asset Management segment, specifically our Asset Management Services division of RJ&A (“AMS”). These assets are included in our financial assets under management as disclosed in the “Selected key metrics” section of our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Asset Management.”

PCG net new assets

						Three months ended
$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022																		December 31, 2021
Domestic Private Client Group net new assets (1)						$	23,226					$	20,184																	$	36,101
Domestic Private Client Group net new assets growth - annualized (2)						9.8		%				8.3		%																13.7		%

(1) Domestic Private Client Group net new assets represents domestic Private Client Group client inflows, including dividends and interest, less domestic Private Client Group client outflows, including commissions, advisory fees and other fees.

(2)    The Domestic Private Client Group net new asset growth - annualized percentage is based on the beginning Domestic Private Client Group AUA balance for the indicated period.

PCG AUA and PCG assets in fee-based accounts increased 7% and 8%, respectively, as of December 31, 2022 compared with September 30, 2022, primarily due to equity market appreciation and strong net inflows of client assets during the quarter. We expect that the increase in fee-based accounts, compared with the preceding beginning of the quarter level, will positively impact our asset management and related administrative fees for our fiscal second quarter of 2023. Compared with December 31, 2021, PCG AUA declined 7%, primarily due to declines in the equity market since such time, offset by the favorable impacts of our recruiting as well as our January 21, 2022 acquisition of Charles Stanley. PCG assets in fee-based accounts continued to be a significant percentage of overall PCG AUA due to many clients’ preference for fee-based alternatives versus transaction-based accounts and, as a result, a significant portion of our PCG revenues is more directly impacted by market movements.

Fee-based accounts within our PCG segment are comprised of a wide array of products and programs that we offer our clients. The majority of assets in fee-based accounts within our PCG segment are invested in programs for which our financial advisors provide investment advisory services, either on a discretionary or non-discretionary basis. Administrative services for such accounts (e.g., record-keeping) are generally performed by our Asset Management segment and, as a result, a portion of the related revenue is shared with the Asset Management segment.

We also offer our clients fee-based accounts that are invested in “managed programs” overseen by AMS, which is part of our Asset Management segment. Fee-billable assets invested in managed programs are included in both “Assets in fee-based accounts” in the preceding table and “Financial assets under management” in the Asset Management segment. Revenues related to managed programs are shared by our PCG and Asset Management segments. The Asset Management segment receives a higher portion of the revenues related to accounts invested in managed programs, as compared to the portion received for non-managed programs, as it is performing portfolio management services in addition to administrative services.

The vast majority of the revenues we earn from fee-based accounts is recorded in “Asset management and related administrative fees” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Fees received from such accounts are based on the value of client assets in fee-based accounts and vary based on the specific account types in which the client invests and the level of assets in the client relationship. As fees for the majority of such accounts are billed based on balances as of the beginning of the quarter, revenues from fee-based accounts may not be immediately affected by changes in asset values, but rather the impacts are seen in the following quarter.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Financial advisors

						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022																								December 31, 2021						September 30, 2021
Employees						3,631						3,638																								3,447						3,461
Independent contractors						5,068						5,043																								5,017						5,021
Total advisors						8,699						8,681																								8,464						8,482

The number of financial advisors as of December 31, 2022 increased slightly compared to September 30, 2022, as the impacts of new recruits and trainees that were moved into production roles were partially offset by financial advisors who left the firm, including planned retirements where assets are generally retained at the firm pursuant to advisor succession plans. The recruiting pipeline remains solid across our affiliation options; however, the timing of financial advisors joining the firm may be impacted by market uncertainty. We expect to continue to experience transfers to our RCS division in fiscal 2023; however, consistent with our experience in fiscal 2022, we do not expect these financial advisor transfers to significantly impact our results of operations. Advisors in our RCS division are not included in our financial advisor metric although their client assets are included in PCG AUA.

Clients’ domestic cash sweep balances

						As of
$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022																								December 31, 2021						September 30, 2021
RJBDP:
Bank segment						$	39,098					$	38,705																							$	33,097					$	31,410
Third-party banks						18,231						21,964																								24,316						24,496
Subtotal RJBDP						57,329						60,669																								57,413						55,906
Client Interest Program (“CIP”)						3,053						6,445																								16,065						10,762
Total clients’ domestic cash sweep balances						$	60,382					$	67,114																							$	73,478					$	66,668

						Three months ended December 31,
						2022						2021
Average yield on RJBDP - third-party banks						2.72		%				0.28		%

A significant portion of our domestic clients’ cash is included in the RJBDP, a multi-bank sweep program in which clients’ cash deposits in their accounts are swept into interest-bearing deposit accounts at either Raymond James Bank or TriState Capital Bank, which are included in our Bank segment, or various third-party banks. Our PCG segment earns servicing fees for the administrative services we provide related to our clients’ deposits that are swept to such banks as part of the RJBDP. These servicing fees are variable in nature and fluctuate based on client cash balances in the program, as well as the level of short-term interest rates and the interest paid to clients on balances in the RJBDP. Under our intersegment policies, the PCG segment receives the greater of a base servicing fee or a net yield equivalent to the average yield that the firm would otherwise receive from third-party banks in the RJBDP. The impact of this policy on our segment results in the current market environment is that the PCG segment revenues will reflect fee revenues derived from the yield from third-party banks in the program and the Bank segment RJBDP servicing costs reflect such market rate for the deposits. The fees that the PCG segment earns from the Bank segment, as well as the servicing costs incurred on the deposits in the Bank segment, are eliminated in consolidation.

The “Average yield on RJBDP - third-party banks” in the preceding table is computed by dividing annualized RJBDP fees from third-party banks, which are net of the interest expense paid to clients by the third-party banks, by the average daily RJBDP balance at third-party banks. The average yield on RJBDP - third-party banks increased from the prior-year quarter as a result of the combined 300-basis point increase in the Fed’s short-term benchmark interest rate during our fiscal 2022, as well as the 75-basis point increase in November 2022 and, to a lesser extent, the 50-basis point increase in December 2022. These increases in short-term interest rates more than offset the decline in average RJBDP balances due to a continued decline in client cash balances. We expect our fiscal second quarter of 2023 results to be favorably impacted by the recent increases in short-term rates; however, RJBDP fees are expected to be negatively impacted by the continued decrease of RJBDP balances with third-party banks, as well as two fewer billable days in our fiscal second quarter of 2023 compared with our fiscal first quarter.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Client cash balances declined $6.7 billion, or 10%, compared with September 30, 2022, including a $3.4 billion, or 53%, decrease in cash balances in the CIP, as a result of continued cash sorting activity given the higher short-term interest rate environment. We expect this trend to continue, as clients continue to move cash from lower-yielding bank deposits to higher-yielding investment products. PCG segment results can be impacted by not only changes in the level of client cash balances, but also by the allocation of client cash balances between RJBDP and our CIP, as the PCG segment may earn different amounts from each of these client cash destinations, depending on multiple factors.

Quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2021

Net revenues of $2.06 billion increased 12% and pre-tax income of $434 million increased 123%.

Asset management and related administrative fees decreased $109 million, or 9%, primarily due to lower assets in fee-based accounts at the beginning of the current quarter compared with the prior-year quarter due to declines in the equity market, partially offset by incremental revenues arising in the current quarter from our January 21, 2022 acquisition of Charles Stanley.

Brokerage revenues decreased $52 million, or 13%, primarily due to lower trailing revenues from mutual fund and annuity products primarily resulting from market-driven declines in asset values for products for which we receive trails, partially offset by incremental revenues arising from Charles Stanley.

Account and service fees increased $333 million, or 145%, primarily due to higher RJBDP fees from both third-party banks and our Bank segment resulting from significantly higher short-term interest rates compared with the prior-year quarter. Client account and other fees also increased primarily as a result of incremental revenues arising from Charles Stanley. Mutual fund service fees decreased primarily due to market-driven declines in average mutual fund assets.

Net interest income increased $57 million, or 190%, due to the increase in short-term interest rates applicable to our cash, segregated cash, and client margin account balances.

Compensation-related expenses decreased $53 million, or 4%, primarily due to lower asset management and related administrative fees and brokerage revenues, partially offset by incremental expenses arising from Charles Stanley and an increase in compensation costs to support our growth.

Non-compensation expenses increased $38 million, or 22%, driven by incremental expenses resulting from Charles Stanley, higher communications and information processing expenses, primarily due to ongoing enhancements of our technology platforms, and an increase in travel and event-related expenses compared with the relatively low levels in the prior-year quarter.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – CAPITAL MARKETS

For an overview of our Capital Markets segment operations, as well as a description of the key factors impacting our Capital Markets results of operations, refer to the information presented in “Item 1 - Business” and “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Operating results

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021						% change
Revenues:
Brokerage revenues:
Fixed income						$	100					$	120					(17)		%
Equity						34						39						(13)		%
Total brokerage revenues						134						159						(16)		%
Investment banking:
Merger & acquisition and advisory						102						271						(62)		%
Equity underwriting						15						97						(85)		%
Debt underwriting						16						44						(64)		%
Total investment banking						133						412						(68)		%
Interest income						23						5						360		%
Affordable housing investments business revenues						24						35						(31)		%
All other						4						5						(20)		%
Total revenues						318						616						(48)		%
Interest expense						(23)						(2)						1,050		%
Net revenues						295						614						(52)		%
Non-interest expenses:
Compensation, commissions and benefits						213						331						(36)		%
Non-compensation expenses:
Communications and information processing						24						22						9		%
Occupancy and equipment						10						9						11		%
Business development						15						8						88		%
Professional fees						13						14						(7)		%
All other						36						29						24		%
Total non-compensation expenses						98						82						20		%
Total non-interest expenses						311						413						(25)		%
Pre-tax income/(loss)						$	(16)					$	201					NM

Quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2021

Net revenues of $295 million decreased 52% and the pre-tax loss was $16 million compared with pre-tax income of $201 million in the prior-year quarter.

Investment banking revenues decreased $279 million, or 68%, compared with a strong prior-year quarter as activity levels were negatively impacted in the current quarter by very different market conditions compared with the prior-year quarter, including a notable increase in macroeconomic uncertainties in the current period. Our investment banking pipeline remains healthy and, in part, reflects the investments we have made over the past several years; however, continued market uncertainty could continue to delay, or ultimately prevent, the closing of transactions, which could negatively impact our results.

Brokerage revenues decreased $25 million, or 16%, primarily due to a decrease in fixed income brokerage revenues resulting from decreased activity from depository institution clients, partially offset by incremental revenues from SumRidge Partners, which was acquired on July 1, 2022. We expect our fixed income brokerage revenues to continue to be negatively impacted by challenging market conditions driven by higher interest rates which have resulted in a decline in cash balances at many of our depository institution clients which decreases their immediate demand for our products and services.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Affordable housing investment business revenues decreased $11 million, or 31%, primarily due to gains on the sales of certain properties during the prior-year quarter which did not recur in the current quarter.

Compensation-related expenses decreased $118 million, or 36%, due to lower revenues, partially offset by incremental compensation expenses due to the acquisition of SumRidge Partners, higher salaries, including due to inflationary and market compensation pressures, and higher share-based compensation amortization resulting from production related awards granted in prior periods.

Non-compensation expenses increased $16 million, or 20%, primarily attributable to incremental expenses associated with SumRidge Partners and an increase in business development expenses resulting from increased travel and event-related expenses.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – ASSET MANAGEMENT

For an overview of our Asset Management segment operations as well as a description of the key factors impacting our Asset Management results of operations, refer to the information presented in “Item 1 - Business” and “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Operating results

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021						% change
Revenues:
Asset management and related administrative fees:
Managed programs						$	134					$	151					(11)		%
Administration and other						63						76						(17)		%
Total asset management and related administrative fees						197						227						(13)		%
Account and service fees						5						6						(17)		%
All other						5						3						67		%
Net revenues						207						236						(12)		%
Non-interest expenses:
Compensation, commissions and benefits						47						46						2		%
Non-compensation expenses:
Communications and information processing						14						12						17		%
Investment sub-advisory fees						34						37						(8)		%
All other						32						34						(6)		%
Total non-compensation expenses						80						83						(4)		%
Total non-interest expenses						127						129						(2)		%
Pre-tax income						$	80					$	107					(25)		%

Selected key metrics

Managed programs

Management fees recorded in our Asset Management segment are generally calculated as a percentage of the value of our fee-billable financial assets under management (“AUM”). These AUM include the portion of fee-based AUA in our PCG segment that is invested in programs overseen by our Asset Management segment (included in the “AMS” line of the following table), as well as retail accounts managed on behalf of third-party institutions, institutional accounts and mutual funds that we manage (collectively included in the “Raymond James Investment Management” line of the following table).

Revenues related to fee-based AUA in our PCG segment are shared by the PCG and Asset Management segments, the amount of which depends on whether or not clients are invested in assets that are in managed programs overseen by our Asset Management segment and the administrative services provided (see our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Private Client Group” for more information). Our AUM in AMS are impacted by market fluctuations and net inflows or outflows of assets, including transfers between fee-based accounts and transaction-based accounts within our PCG segment.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Revenues earned by Raymond James Investment Management for retail accounts managed on behalf of third-party institutions, institutional accounts and our mutual funds are recorded entirely in the Asset Management segment. Our AUM in Raymond James Investment Management are impacted by market and investment performance and net inflows or outflows of assets.

Fees for our managed programs are generally collected quarterly. Approximately 65% of these fees are based on balances as of the beginning of the quarter (primarily in AMS), approximately 15% are based on balances as of the end of the quarter, and approximately 20% are based on average daily balances throughout the quarter.

Financial assets under management

$ in billions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022												December 31, 2021												September 30, 2021
AMS (1)						$	129.5					$	119.8											$	145.0											$	134.4
Raymond James Investment Management						67.4						64.2												68.9												67.8
Subtotal financial assets under management						196.9						184.0												213.9												202.2
Less: Assets managed for affiliated entities						(10.9)						(10.2)												(10.7)												(10.3)
Total financial assets under management						$	186.0					$	173.8											$	203.2											$	191.9

(1)Represents the portion of our PCG segment fee-based AUA (as disclosed in “Assets in fee-based accounts” in the “Selected key metrics - PCG client asset balances” section of our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Private Client Group”) that is invested in managed programs overseen by the Asset Management segment.

Activity (including activity in assets managed for affiliated entities)

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in billions						2022						2021
Financial assets under management at beginning of period						$	184.0					$	202.2
Raymond James Investment Management - net inflows/(outflows)						0.5						(0.4)
AMS - net inflows						1.0						3.5
Net market appreciation in asset values						11.4						8.6
Financial assets under management at end of period						$	196.9					$	213.9

AMS

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Private Client Group” for further information about our retail client assets, including those fee-based assets invested in programs managed by AMS.

Raymond James Investment Management

Assets managed by Raymond James Investment Management include assets managed by our subsidiaries: Eagle Asset Management, Scout Investments, Reams Asset Management (a division of Scout Investments), ClariVest Asset Management, Cougar Global Investments, and Chartwell Investment Partners (“Chartwell”), which was acquired on June 1, 2022 in connection with our acquisition of TriState Capital. The following table presents Raymond James Investment Management’s AUM by objective, excluding assets for which it does not exercise discretion, as well as the approximate average client fee rate earned on such assets.

						As of December 31, 2022
$ in billions						AUM						Average fee rate
Equity						$	24.0					0.56		%
Fixed income						35.6						0.20		%
Balanced						7.8						0.33		%
Total financial assets under management						$	67.4					0.34		%

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Non-discretionary asset-based programs

The following table includes assets held in certain non-discretionary asset-based programs for which the Asset Management segment does not exercise discretion but provides administrative support (including for affiliated entities). The vast majority of these assets are also included in our PCG segment fee-based AUA (as disclosed in “Assets in fee-based accounts” in the “Selected key metrics - PCG client asset balances” section of our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Private Client Group”).

$ in billions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022																		December 31, 2021												September 30, 2021
Total assets						$	355.6					$	329.2																	$	392.4											$	365.3

The increase in assets as of December 31, 2022 compared with September 30, 2022 was largely due to equity market appreciation and continued growth in the PCG segment. Compared to December 31, 2021, PCG fee-based AUA declined 7%, primarily due to declines in the equity market since such time, partially offset by the favorable impact of our June 1, 2022 acquisition of Chartwell. Administrative fees associated with these programs are predominantly based on balances at the beginning of the quarter.

Raymond James Trust

The following table includes assets held in asset-based programs in Raymond James Trust, N.A. (including those managed for affiliated entities).

$ in billions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022																		December 31, 2021												September 30, 2021
Total assets						$	7.8					$	7.3																	$	8.8											$	8.1

Quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2021

Net revenues of $207 million decreased 12% and pre-tax income of $80 million decreased 25%.

Asset management and related administrative fees decreased $30 million, or 13%, driven by a lower beginning balance of assets in non-discretionary asset-based programs and financial assets under management at AMS, as well as lower average financial assets under management at Raymond James Investment Management, in each case primarily due to market-driven depreciation in asset values. We expect the increase in financial assets under management and assets in non-discretionary asset-based programs as of December 31, 2022 compared with September 30, 2022, which occurred due to equity market appreciation and net inflows during the quarter, to positively affect our fiscal second quarter of 2023, as the majority of our asset management and related administrative fees are billed based on balances as of the beginning of the quarter.

Compensation expenses increased $1 million, or 2%. Non-compensation expenses decreased $3 million, or 4%, primarily due to lower investment sub-advisory fees, resulting from the decrease in the beginning balance of assets under management in sub-advised programs.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – BANK

For an overview of our Bank segment operations, as well as a description of the key factors impacting our Bank segment results of operations, refer to the information presented in “Item 1 - Business” and “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2022 Form 10-K. Our Bank segment results include the results of TriState Capital Bank since the acquisition date of June 1, 2022.

Operating results

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021						% change
Revenues:
Interest income						$	676					$	187					261		%
Interest expense						(185)						(10)						1,750		%
Net interest income						491						177						177		%
All other						17						6						183		%
Net revenues						508						183						178		%
Non-interest expenses:
Compensation and benefits						40						13						208		%
Non-compensation expenses:
Bank loan provision/(benefit) for credit losses						14						(11)						NM
RJBDP fees to PCG						268						50						436		%
All other						50						29						72		%
Total non-compensation expenses						332						68						388		%
Total non-interest expenses						372						81						359		%
Pre-tax income						$	136					$	102					33		%

Quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2021

Net revenues of $508 million increased 178% and pre-tax income of $136 million increased 33%.

Net interest income increased $314 million, or 177%, primarily due to the increase in short-term interest rates and higher average interest-earning assets at Raymond James Bank, as well as incremental net interest income from the June 1, 2022 acquisition of TriState Capital Bank. The increase in average interest-earning assets at Raymond James Bank was primarily driven by growth in average corporate loans, as well as securities-based loans and residential mortgage loans to PCG clients, and an increase in average available-for-sale securities. The net interest margin increased to 3.36% from 1.92% for the prior-year quarter. We anticipate that the Bank segment net interest income for our fiscal second quarter of 2023 will benefit from the Fed’s short-term interest rate increases enacted during our fiscal first quarter and in February 2023. Given that a significant portion of our interest-earning assets are sensitive to changes in market interest rates, we expect our net interest earnings to also be favorably impacted by any additional increases in short-term interest rates that may occur.

The bank loan provision for credit losses was $14 million for the current quarter, compared with a benefit for credit losses of $11 million for the prior-year quarter. The current quarter provision primarily reflects the impact of a weaker macroeconomic outlook, primarily on the residential mortgage portfolio, and the impact of loan growth during the quarter. The prior-year quarter benefit was largely attributable to improvement in credit quality in the C&I bank loan portfolio and improvement in macroeconomic inputs to our CECL model at that time, which positively impacted most loan portfolios, partially offset by provisions for credit losses related to loan growth.

Compensation expenses increased $27 million, or 208%, primarily due to incremental expenses of TriState Capital Bank.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Non-compensation expenses, excluding the bank loan provision/(benefit) for credit losses, increased $239 million, or 303%, primarily due to an increase in RJBDP fees paid to PCG and incremental expenses of TriState Capital Bank. RJBDP fees to PCG increased $218 million, or 436%, due to an increase in the market-based servicing fee incurred by the Bank segment for the administrative services provided by the PCG segment for such deposit balances, as well as an increase in client cash balances swept to our Bank segment as part of the RJBDP. As described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Private Client Group”, our Bank segment incurs servicing fee expense, reflected as revenues in our PCG segment, for the administrative services provided related to our clients’ deposits that are swept to our Bank segment as part of the RJBDP. These servicing fees are variable in nature and fluctuate based on client cash balances in the program, as well as the level of short-term interest rates and the interest paid to clients on balances in the RJBDP. As the yield from third-party banks in the RJBDP program continues to rise, the rate the Bank segment incurs on RJBDP deposits will also increase as it reflects a market rate for such deposits. These Bank segment fees and the revenues earned by the PCG segment are eliminated in consolidation.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – OTHER

This segment includes our private equity investments, interest income on certain corporate cash balances, certain costs incurred in acquisition activities, and certain corporate overhead costs of RJF that are not allocated to other segments, including the interest costs on our public debt. For an overview of our Other segment operations, refer to the information presented in “Item 1 - Business” and “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Operating results

						Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						2022						2021						% change
Revenues:
Interest income						$	30					$	1					2,900		%
Net gains on private equity investments						2						5						(60)		%
All other						1						2						(50)		%
Total revenues						33						8						313		%
Interest expense						(24)						(23)						4		%
Net revenues						9						(15)						NM
Non-interest expenses:
Compensation and other						23						32						(28)		%
Insurance settlement received						(32)						—						NM
Total non-interest expenses						(9)						32						NM
Pre-tax income/(loss)						$	18					$	(47)					NM

Quarter ended December 31, 2022 compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2021

Pre-tax income was $18 million compared with a pre-tax loss of $47 million for the prior-year quarter.

Net revenues increased $24 million primarily due to an increase in interest income earned as a result of higher short-term interest rates applicable to our corporate cash balances.

Non-interest expenses decreased $41 million, primarily due to a $32 million insurance settlement received during the quarter related to a previously settled litigation matter, which was reflected as an offset to Other expenses, and to a lesser extent a decrease in compensation and other expenses.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION ANALYSIS

The assets on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition consisted primarily of cash and cash equivalents, assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash (primarily segregated for the benefit of clients), receivables including bank loans, financial instruments held either for trading purposes or as investments, goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and other assets.  A significant portion of our assets were liquid in nature, providing us with flexibility in financing our business.

Total assets of $77.05 billion as of December 31, 2022 were $3.90 billion, or 5%, less than our total assets as of September 30, 2022. Assets segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash decreased $3.37 billion, primarily due to a decrease in client cash balances, which resulted in a decline in client cash held in our CIP and a corresponding decline in segregated assets. Collateralized agreements, other receivables, and brokerage client receivables also decreased compared with September 30, 2022. Partially offsetting these decreases was an increase in bank loans, net of $827 million, primarily related to increases in corporate and residential mortgage loans, partially offset by a decline in securities-based loans.

As of December 31, 2022, our total liabilities of $67.22 billion were $4.30 billion, or 6%, less than our total liabilities as of September 30, 2022. Brokerage client payables decreased $3.72 billion, related to the aforementioned decrease in client cash balances as of December 31, 2022. Accrued compensation, commissions, and benefits decreased $506 million due to the payment of prior-year bonuses and collateralized financings decreased $272 million. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in bank deposits of $622 million.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity and capital are essential to our business. The primary goal of our liquidity management activities is to ensure adequate funding to conduct our business over a range of economic and market environments. We seek to manage capital levels to support execution of our business strategy, provide financial strength to our subsidiaries, and maintain sustained access to the capital markets, while at the same time meeting our regulatory capital requirements and conservative internal management targets.

Liquidity and capital resources are provided primarily through our business operations and financing activities.  Financing activities could include bank borrowings, collateralized financing arrangements or additional capital raising activities under our “universal” shelf registration statement. We believe our existing assets, most of which are liquid in nature, together with funds generated from operations and available from committed and uncommitted financing facilities, provide adequate funds for continuing operations at current levels of activity in the short-term. We also believe that we will be able to continue to meet our long-term cash requirements due to our strong financial position and ability to access capital from financial markets.

Liquidity and capital management

Senior management establishes our liquidity and capital management frameworks. Our liquidity and capital management frameworks are overseen by the RJF Asset and Liability Committee, a senior management committee that develops and executes strategies and policies to manage our liquidity risk and interest rate risk, as well as provides oversight over the firm’s investments. The liquidity management framework includes senior management’s review of short- and long-term cash flow forecasts, review of capital expenditures, monitoring of the availability of alternative sources of financing, and daily monitoring of liquidity in our significant subsidiaries. Our decisions on the allocation of resources to our business units consider, among other factors, projected profitability, cash flow, risk, and future liquidity needs. Our treasury department assists in evaluating, monitoring and controlling the impact that our business activities have on our financial condition and liquidity, and also maintains our relationships with various lenders. The objective of our liquidity management framework is to support the successful execution of our business strategies while ensuring ongoing and sufficient liquidity.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Our capital planning and capital risk management processes are governed by the Capital Planning Committee (“CPC”), a senior management committee that provides oversight on our capital planning and ensures that our strategic planning and risk management processes are integrated into the capital planning process. The CPC meets at least quarterly to review key metrics related to the firm’s capital, such as debt structure and capital ratios; to analyze potential and emerging risks to capital; to oversee our annual firmwide capital stress test; and to propose capital actions to the Board of Directors, such as declaring dividends, repurchasing securities, and raising capital. To ensure that we have sufficient capital to absorb unanticipated losses, the firm adheres to capital risk appetite statements and tolerances set in excess of regulatory minimums, which are established by the CPC and approved by the Board of Directors. We conduct enterprise-wide capital stress testing to ensure that we maintain adequate capital to adhere to our established tolerances under multiple scenarios, including a stressed scenario.

Capital structure

Common equity (i.e., common stock, additional paid-in capital, and retained earnings) is the primary component of our capital structure. Common equity allows for the absorption of losses on an ongoing basis and for the conservation of resources during stress periods, as it provides us with discretion on the amount and timing of dividends and other capital actions. Information about our common equity is included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, and Note 16 of this Form 10-Q.

Under regulatory capital rules applicable to us as a bank holding company, we are required to maintain minimum leverage ratios (defined as tier 1 capital divided by adjusted average assets), as well as minimum ratios of tier 1 capital, CET1, and total capital to risk-weighted assets. These capital ratios incorporate quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under the regulatory capital rules and are subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk-weightings, and other factors. We calculate these ratios in order to assess compliance with both regulatory requirements and internal capital policies. In order to maintain our ability to take certain capital actions, including dividends and common equity repurchases, and to make bonus payments, we must hold a capital conservation buffer above our minimum risk-based capital requirements. See Note 20 for further information about our regulatory capital and related capital ratios.

The following table presents the components of RJF’s regulatory capital used to calculate the aforementioned regulatory capital ratios.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Common equity tier 1 capital/Tier 1 capital
Common stock and related additional paid-in capital						$	2,977					$	2,989
Retained earnings						9,254						8,843
Treasury stock						(1,604)						(1,512)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss						(891)						(982)
Less: Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of related deferred tax liabilities						(1,809)						(1,805)
Other adjustments						801						847
Common equity tier 1 capital						8,728						8,380
Additional tier 1 capital (preferred equity of $120, net of $4 of other items)						116						100
Tier 1 capital						8,844						8,480
Tier 2 capital
Tier 2 capital instruments plus related surplus						100						100
Qualifying allowances for credit losses						463						451
Tier 2 capital						563						551
Total capital						$	9,407					$	9,031

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table presents RJF’s risk-weighted assets by exposure type used to calculate the aforementioned regulatory capital ratios.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
On-balance sheet assets:
Corporate exposures						$	20,549					$	20,147
Exposures to sovereign and government-sponsored entities (1)						1,977						2,002
Exposures to depository institutions, foreign banks, and credit unions						2,389						3,003
Exposures to public-sector entities						749						696
Residential mortgage exposures						3,948						3,732
Statutory multifamily mortgage exposures						70						71
High volatility commercial real estate exposures						119						128
Past due loans						87						110
Equity exposures						514						445
Securitization exposures						150						129
Other assets						7,125						7,325
Off-balance sheet:
Standby letters of credit						65						62
Commitments with original maturity of one year or less						85						98
Commitments with original maturity greater than one year						2,547						2,437
Over-the-counter derivatives						234						305
Other off-balance sheet items						221						423
Market risk-weighted assets						2,799						3,063
Total standardized risk-weighted assets						$	43,628					$	44,176

(1)RJF’s exposure is predominantly to the U.S. government and its agencies.

Cash flows

Cash and cash equivalents (excluding amounts segregated for regulatory purposes and restricted cash) was $6.18 billion at December 31, 2022, essentially unchanged from September 30, 2022, as investments in bank loans, the payment of prior-year bonuses, repayments of certain FHLB borrowings and common stock repurchases during the quarter were offset by the impacts of positive net income, a decline in receivables, and an increase in bank deposits due to an increase in client cash swept to our Bank segment through the RJBDP.

Sources of liquidity

Approximately $2.01 billion of our total December 31, 2022 cash and cash equivalents included cash held at the parent company, which included cash loaned to RJ&A. As of December 31, 2022, RJF had loaned $1.36 billion to RJ&A (such amount is included in the RJ&A cash balance in the following table), which RJ&A has invested on behalf of RJF in cash and cash equivalents or otherwise deployed in its normal business activities.

The following table presents our holdings of cash and cash equivalents.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022
RJF						$	672
RJ&A						2,076
TriState Capital Bank						975
Raymond James Bank						783
Raymond James Ltd. (“RJ Ltd.”)						690
Raymond James Capital Services, LLC						226
Raymond James Financial Services, Inc.						137
Charles Stanley Group Limited						122
Raymond James Trust Company of New Hampshire						93
Raymond James Investment Management						89
Other subsidiaries						314
Total cash and cash equivalents						$	6,177

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

RJF maintained depository accounts at Raymond James Bank and TriState Capital Bank totaling $272 million as of December 31, 2022. The portion of this total that was available on demand without restrictions, which amounted to $232 million as of December 31, 2022, is reflected in the RJF cash balance and excluded from Raymond James Bank’s cash balance in the preceding table.

A large portion of the cash and cash equivalents balances at our non-U.S. subsidiaries, including RJ Ltd., as of December 31, 2022 was held to meet regulatory requirements and was not available for use by the parent.

In addition to the cash balances described, we have various other potential sources of cash available to the parent company from subsidiaries, as described in the following section.

Liquidity available from subsidiaries

Liquidity is principally available to RJF from RJ&A and Raymond James Bank.

Certain of our broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the requirements of the Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. As a member firm of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), RJ&A is subject to FINRA’s capital requirements, which are substantially the same as Rule 15c3-1. Rule 15c3-1 provides for an “alternative net capital requirement,” which RJ&A has elected. Regulations require that minimum net capital, as defined, be equal to the greater of $1.5 million or 2% of aggregate debit items arising from client balances. In addition, covenants in RJ&A’s committed financing facilities require its net capital to be a minimum of 10% of aggregate debit items. At December 31, 2022, RJ&A significantly exceeded the minimum regulatory requirements, the covenants in its financing arrangements pertaining to net capital, as well as its internally-targeted net capital tolerances. FINRA may impose certain restrictions, such as restricting withdrawals of equity capital, if a member firm were to fall below a certain threshold or fail to meet minimum net capital requirements which may result in RJ&A limiting dividends it would otherwise remit to RJF. We evaluate regulatory requirements, loan covenants and certain internal tolerances when determining the amount of liquidity available to RJF from RJ&A.

Raymond James Bank may pay dividends to RJF without prior approval of its regulator as long as the dividends do not exceed the sum of its current calendar year and the previous two calendar years’ retained net income, and it maintains its targeted regulatory capital ratios.  Dividends may be limited to the extent that capital is needed to support balance sheet growth.

Although we have liquidity available to us from our other subsidiaries, the available amounts may not be as significant as those previously described and, in certain instances, may be subject to regulatory requirements.

Borrowings and financing arrangements

Committed financing arrangements

Our ability to borrow is dependent upon compliance with the conditions in our various loan agreements and, in the case of secured borrowings, collateral eligibility requirements. Our committed financing arrangements primarily consist of a tri-party repurchase agreement (i.e., securities sold under agreements to repurchase) and, in the case of our $500 million revolving credit facility agreement (the “Credit Facility”), an unsecured line of credit. The required market value of the collateral associated with the tri-party repurchase agreement ranges from 105% to 125% of the amount financed.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table presents our most significant committed financing arrangements with third-party lenders, which we generally utilize to finance a portion of our fixed income trading instruments held by RJ&A, and the outstanding balances related thereto.

						December 31, 2022
$ in millions						RJ&A												RJF						Total						Total number of arrangements
Financing arrangement:
Committed secured						$	100											$	—					$	100					1
Committed unsecured						200												300						500						1
Total committed financing arrangements						$	300											$	300					$	600					2
Outstanding borrowing amount:
Committed secured						$	—											$	—					$	—
Committed unsecured						—												—						—
Total outstanding borrowing amount						$	—											$	—					$	—

Our committed unsecured financing arrangement in the preceding table represents our Credit Facility, which provides for maximum borrowings of up to $500 million, with a sublimit of $300 million for RJF. RJ&A may borrow up to $500 million under the Credit Facility, depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings by RJF. For additional details on our committed unsecured financing arrangement, see our discussion of the Credit Facility in Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Uncommitted financing arrangements

Our uncommitted financing arrangements are in the form of secured lines of credit, secured bilateral or tri-party repurchase agreements, or unsecured lines of credit. Our arrangements with third-party lenders are generally utilized to finance a portion of our fixed income securities held by RJ&A or for cash management purposes. Our uncommitted secured financing arrangements generally require us to post collateral in excess of the amount borrowed and are generally collateralized by RJ&A-owned securities or by securities that we have received as collateral under reverse repurchase agreements (i.e., securities purchased under agreements to resell). As of December 31, 2022, we had outstanding borrowings under one uncommitted secured borrowing arrangement out of a total of 12 uncommitted financing arrangements (eight uncommitted secured and four uncommitted unsecured). However, lenders are under no contractual obligation to lend to us under uncommitted credit facilities.

The following table presents our borrowings on uncommitted financing arrangements, which were in the form of repurchase agreements in RJ&A and were included in “Collateralized financings” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

$ in millions																								December 31, 2022
Outstanding borrowing amount:
Uncommitted secured																								$	150
Uncommitted unsecured																								—
Total outstanding borrowing amount																								$	150

The average daily balance outstanding during the five most recent quarters, the maximum month-end balance outstanding during the quarter and the period-end balances for repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements are detailed in the following table.

						Repurchase transactions																		Reverse repurchase transactions
For the quarter ended: ($ in millions)						Average daily balance outstanding						Maximum month-end balance outstanding during the quarter						End of period balance outstanding						Average daily balance outstanding						Maximum month-end balance outstanding during the quarter						End of period balance outstanding
December 31, 2022						$	245					$	257					$	150					$	288					$	306					$	156
September 30, 2022						$	196					$	294					$	294					$	249					$	367					$	367
June 30, 2022						$	203					$	276					$	100					$	238					$	300					$	168
March 31, 2022						$	271					$	334					$	140					$	211					$	304					$	221
December 31, 2021						$	247					$	258					$	203					$	306					$	305					$	204

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Other borrowings and collateralized financings

We had $1.05 billion in FHLB borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2022, comprised of floating-rate and fixed-rate advances. See Note 13 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding the maturities and interest rates on our FHLB borrowings. The interest rates on our floating-rate advances are generally based on a secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”). We use interest rate swaps to manage the risk of increases in interest rates associated with our floating-rate FHLB advances by converting the balances subject to variable interest rates to a fixed interest rate. At December 31, 2022, we had pledged $8.36 billion of bank loans, net with the FHLB as security for the repayment of these borrowings and had an additional $5.17 billion in immediate credit available based on collateral pledged. As of December 31, 2022, with the pledge of additional collateral, we had additional credit availability from certain FHLB member banks. See Notes 6 and 13 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding bank loans, net pledged with the FHLB and these borrowings.

A portion of our fixed income transactions are cleared and executed through a third-party clearing organization, which provides financing for the purchase of trading instruments to support such transactions. The amount of financing is based on the amount of trading inventory financed, as well as any deposits held at the clearing organization. Amounts outstanding under this financing arrangement are collateralized by a portion of our trading inventory and accrue interest based on market rates. While we had borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2022, the clearing organization is under no contractual obligation to lend to us under this arrangement.

We are eligible to participate in the Federal Reserve’s discount window program; however, we do not view borrowings from the Federal Reserve as a primary source of funding.  The credit available in this program is subject to periodic review, may be terminated or reduced at the discretion of the Federal Reserve, and is secured by certain pledged C&I loans. See Note 6 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding bank loans, net pledged with the FRB.

As part of the acquisition of TriState Capital, we assumed, as of the closing date, TriState Capital’s subordinated notes due 2030, with an aggregate principal amount of $98 million. See Note 13 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q and Note 16 of our 2022 Form 10-K for additional information regarding these borrowings.

We may act as an intermediary between broker-dealers and other financial institutions whereby we borrow securities from one broker-dealer and then lend them to another.  Where permitted, we have also loaned, to broker-dealers and other financial institutions, securities owned by clients or the firm.  We account for each of these types of transactions as collateralized agreements and financings, with the outstanding balance of $44 million as of December 31, 2022 related to the securities loaned included in “Collateralized financings” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition of this Form 10-Q. See Note 6 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q and Note 2 of our 2022 Form 10-K for more information on our collateralized agreements and financings.

Senior notes payable

At December 31, 2022, we had aggregate outstanding senior notes payable of $2.04 billion which, exclusive of any unaccreted premiums or discounts and debt issuance costs, was comprised of $500 million par 4.65% senior notes due 2030, $800 million par 4.95% senior notes due 2046, and $750 million par 3.75% senior notes due 2051. See Note 17 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K for additional information on senior notes payable.

Credit ratings

Our issuer, senior long-term debt, and preferred stock credit ratings as of the most current report are detailed in the following table.

Credit Rating

Rating Agency

Fitch Ratings, Inc.

Moody’s

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services

Issuer and senior long term debt

A-

A3

BBB+

Preferred stock

BB+

Baa3 (hyb)

Not rated

Outlook

Stable

Stable

Positive

Our current credit ratings depend upon a number of factors, including industry dynamics, operating and economic environment, operating results, operating margins, earnings trends and volatility, balance sheet composition, liquidity and liquidity

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

management, capital structure, overall risk management, business diversification and market share, and competitive position in the markets in which we operate. Deterioration in any of these factors could impact our credit ratings.  Any rating downgrades could increase our costs in the event we were to obtain additional financing.

Should our credit rating be downgraded prior to a public debt offering, it is probable that we would have to offer a higher rate of interest to bond holders.  A downgrade to below investment grade may make a public debt offering difficult to execute on terms we would consider to be favorable.  A downgrade below investment grade could result in the termination of certain derivative contracts and the counterparties to the derivative instruments could request immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing overnight collateralization on our derivative instruments in liability positions. A credit downgrade could damage our reputation and result in certain counterparties limiting their business with us, result in negative comments by analysts, potentially negatively impact investors’ and/or clients’ perception of us and cause a decline in our stock price. None of our borrowing arrangements contains a condition or event of default related to our credit ratings. However, a credit downgrade would result in the firm incurring a higher facility fee on the Credit Facility, in addition to triggering a higher interest rate applicable to any borrowings outstanding on that line as of and subsequent to such downgrade. Conversely, an improvement in RJF’s current credit rating could have a favorable impact on the facility fee, as well as the interest rate applicable to any borrowings on such line.

Other sources and uses of liquidity

We have company-owned life insurance policies which are utilized to fund certain non-qualified deferred compensation plans and other employee benefit plans. Certain of our non-qualified deferred compensation plans and other employee benefit plans are employee-directed while others are company-directed. Of the company-owned life insurance policies which fund these plans, certain policies could be used as a source of liquidity for the firm. Those policies against which we could readily borrow had a cash surrender value of $811 million as of December 31, 2022, comprised of $513 million related to employee-directed plans and $298 million related to company-directed plans, and we were able to borrow up to 90%, or $730 million, of the December 31, 2022 total without restriction.  To effect any such borrowing, the underlying investments would be converted to money market investments, therefore requiring us to take market risk related to the employee-directed plans. There were no borrowings outstanding against any of these policies as of December 31, 2022.

On May 12, 2021, we filed a “universal” shelf registration statement with the SEC pursuant to which we can issue debt, equity and other capital instruments if and when necessary or perceived by us to be opportune. Subject to certain conditions, this registration statement will be effective through May 12, 2024.

As part of our ongoing operations, we also enter into contractual arrangements that may require future cash payments, including certificates of deposit, lease obligations and other contractual arrangements, such as for software and various services. See Notes 11 and 12 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for information regarding our lease obligations and certificates of deposit, respectively. We have entered into investment commitments, lending commitments and other commitments to extend credit for which we are unable to reasonably predict the timing of future payments. See Note 15 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for further information.

REGULATORY

Refer to the discussion of the regulatory environment in which we operate and the impact on our operations of certain rules and regulations in “Item 1 - Business - Regulation” of our 2022 Form 10-K.

RJF and many of its subsidiaries are each subject to various regulatory capital requirements. As of December 31, 2022, all of our active regulated domestic and international subsidiaries had net capital in excess of minimum requirements. In addition, RJF, Raymond James Bank, and TriState Capital Bank were categorized as “well-capitalized” as of December 31, 2022. The maintenance of certain risk-based and other regulatory capital levels could influence various capital allocation decisions impacting one or more of our businesses.  However, due to the current capital position of RJF and its regulated subsidiaries, we do not anticipate these capital requirements will have a negative impact on our future business activities. See Note 20 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for further information on regulatory capital requirements.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP, which require us to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Management has established detailed policies and control procedures intended to ensure the appropriateness of such estimates and assumptions and their consistent application from period to period. For a description of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Due to their nature, estimates involve judgment based upon available information. Actual results or amounts could differ from estimates and the difference could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. Therefore, understanding these critical accounting estimates is important in understanding our reported results of operations and financial position. We believe that of our accounting estimates and assumptions, those described in the following sections involve a high degree of judgment and complexity.

Loss provisions

Loss provisions for legal and regulatory matters

The recorded amount of liabilities related to legal and regulatory matters is subject to significant management judgment. For a description of the significant estimates and judgments associated with establishing such accruals, see the “Contingent liabilities” section of Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K. In addition, refer to Note 15 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for information regarding legal and regulatory matters contingencies as of December 31, 2022.

Allowance for credit losses

We evaluate certain of our financial assets, including bank loans, to estimate an allowance for credit losses based on expected credit losses over a financial asset’s lifetime. The remaining life of our financial assets is determined by considering contractual terms and expected prepayments, among other factors. We use multiple methodologies in estimating an allowance for credit losses and our approaches differ by type of financial asset and the risk characteristics within each financial asset type. Our estimates are based on ongoing evaluations of our financial assets, the related credit risk characteristics, and the overall economic and environmental conditions affecting the financial assets. Our process for determining the allowance for credit losses includes a complex analysis of several quantitative and qualitative factors requiring significant management judgment due to matters that are inherently uncertain. This uncertainty can produce volatility in our allowance for credit losses. In addition, the allowance for credit losses could be insufficient to cover actual losses. In such an event, any losses in excess of our allowance would result in a decrease in our net income, as well as a decrease in the level of regulatory capital.

We generally estimate the allowance for credit losses on bank loans using credit risk models which incorporate relevant available information from internal and external sources relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts. After testing the reasonableness of a variety of economic forecast scenarios, each model is run using a single forecast scenario selected for each model. Our forecasts incorporate assumptions related to macroeconomic indicators including, but not limited to, U.S. gross domestic product, equity market indices, unemployment rates, and commercial real estate and residential home price indices.

To demonstrate the sensitivity of credit loss estimates on our bank loan portfolio to macroeconomic forecasts, we compared our modeled estimates under the base case economic scenario used to estimate the allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2022, to what our estimate would have been under a downside case scenario and an upside scenario, without considering any offsetting effects in the qualitative component of our allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, use of the downside case scenario would have resulted in an increase of approximately $170 million in the quantitative portion of our allowance for credit losses on bank loans, while the use of the upside case would have resulted in a reduction of approximately $35 million in the quantitative portion of our allowance for credit losses on bank loans at December 31, 2022. These hypothetical outcomes reflect the relative sensitivity of the modeled portion of our allowance estimate to macroeconomic forecasted scenarios but do not consider any potential impact qualitative adjustments could have on the allowance for credit losses in such environments. Qualitative adjustments could either increase or decrease modeled loss estimates calculated using an alternative economic scenario assumption. Further, such sensitivity calculations do not necessarily reflect the nature and extent of future changes in the related allowance for a number of reasons including: (1) management’s predictions of future economic trends and relationships among the scenarios may differ from actual events; and (2) management’s application of subjective measures to modeled results through the qualitative portion of the allowance for credit losses when appropriate. The

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

downside case scenario utilized in this hypothetical sensitivity analysis assumes a moderate recession. To the extent macroeconomic conditions worsen beyond those assumed in this downside case scenario, we could incur provisions for credit losses significantly in excess of those estimated in this analysis.

See Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K for information regarding our methodologies and assumptions used in estimating the allowance for credit losses. See Note 7 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for information regarding our allowance for credit losses related to bank loans as of December 31, 2022.

RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

In March 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued new guidance related to troubled debt restructurings and disclosures regarding write-offs of financing receivables (ASU 2022-02), amending guidance related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments (ASU 2016-13). The amendment eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings for creditors, but requires enhanced disclosures for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and requires disclosure of current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables. This new guidance is effective for our fiscal year beginning on October 1, 2023 and will be applied on a prospective basis. Although permitted, we do not plan to early adopt. We do not expect the adoption of this new guidance to have a material impact on our financial position and results of operations.

RISK MANAGEMENT

Risks are an inherent part of our business and activities. Management of risk is critical to our fiscal soundness and profitability. Our risk management processes are multi-faceted and require communication, judgment, and knowledge of financial products and markets. We have a formal Enterprise Risk Management (“ERM”) program to assess and review aggregate risks across the firm. Our management takes an active role in the ERM process, which requires specific administrative and business functions to participate in the identification, assessment, monitoring, and control of various risks.

The principal risks related to our business activities are market, credit, liquidity, operational, model, and compliance.

Governance

Our Board of Directors, including its Audit and Risk Committee, oversees the firm’s management and mitigation of risk, reinforcing a culture that encourages ethical conduct and risk management throughout the firm.  Senior management communicates and reinforces this culture through three lines of risk management and a number of senior-level management committees.  Our first line of risk management, which includes all of our businesses, owns its risks and is responsible for identifying, mitigating, and escalating risks arising from its day-to-day activities.  The second line of risk management, which includes Compliance and Risk Management, advises our client-facing businesses and other first-line functions in identifying, assessing, and mitigating risk. The second line of risk management tests and monitors the effectiveness of controls, as deemed necessary, and escalates risks when appropriate to senior management and the Board of Directors.  The third line of risk management, Internal Audit, independently reviews activities conducted by the previous lines of risk management to assess their management and mitigation of risk, providing additional assurance to the Board of Directors and senior management, with a view toward enhancing our oversight, management, and mitigation of risk. Our legal department provides legal advice and guidance to each of these three lines of risk management.

Market risk

Market risk is our risk of loss resulting from the impact of changes in market prices on our trading inventory, derivatives, and investment positions. We have exposure to market risk primarily through our broker-dealer trading operations and our banking operations. Through our broker-dealer subsidiaries, we trade debt obligations and equity securities and maintain trading inventories to ensure availability of securities to facilitate client transactions. Inventory levels may fluctuate daily as a result of client demand. We also hold investments within our available-for-sale securities portfolio, and from time-to-time may hold SBA loan securitizations not yet transferred. Our primary market risks relate to interest rates, equity prices, and foreign exchange rates. Interest rate risk results from changes in levels of interest rates, the volatility of interest rates, mortgage prepayment speeds, and credit spreads. Equity risk results from changes in prices of equity securities. Foreign exchange risk results from changes in spot prices, forward prices, and volatility of foreign exchange rates. See Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K and Notes 3, 4, and 5 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for fair value and other information regarding our trading inventories, available-for-sale securities, and derivative instruments.

We regularly enter into underwriting commitments and, as a result, we may be subject to market risk on any unsold shares issued in the offerings to which we are committed. Risk exposure is controlled by limiting our participation, the transaction size, or through the syndication process.

The Market Risk Management department is responsible for measuring, monitoring, and reporting market risks associated with the firm’s trading and derivative portfolios. While Market Risk Management maintains ongoing communication with the revenue-generating business units, it is independent of such units.

Interest rate risk

Trading activities

We are exposed to interest rate risk as a result of our trading inventory (primarily comprised of fixed income instruments) in our Capital Markets segment. Changes in value of our trading inventory may result from fluctuations in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, macroeconomic factors, investor expectations or risk appetites, liquidity, as well as dynamic relationships among these factors. We actively manage interest rate risk arising from our fixed income trading inventory through the use of hedging strategies utilizing U.S. Treasuries, futures contracts, liquid spread products, and derivatives.

Our primary method for controlling risks within trading inventories is through the use of dollar-based and exposure-based limits. A hierarchy of limits exists at multiple levels, including firm, business unit, desk (e.g., for equities, corporate bonds, municipal bonds), product sub-type (e.g., below-investment-grade positions) and, at times, at the individual position. For derivative positions, which are primarily comprised of interest rate swaps, we have established limits based on a number of factors, including interest rate, foreign exchange spot and forward rates, spread, ratio, basis, and volatility risk. Trading positions and derivatives are monitored against these limits through daily reports that are distributed to senior management. During volatile markets, we may temporarily reduce limits and/or choose to pare our trading inventories to reduce risk.

We monitor Value-at-Risk (“VaR”) for all of our trading portfolios on a daily basis for risk management purposes and as a result of applying the Fed’s Market Risk Rule (“MRR”) for the purpose of calculating our capital ratios. The MRR, also known as the “Risk-Based Capital Guidelines: Market Risk” rule released by the Fed, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the FDIC, requires us to calculate VaR for all of our trading portfolios, including fixed income, equity, derivatives, and foreign exchange instruments. VaR is an appropriate statistical technique for estimating potential losses in trading portfolios due to typical adverse market movements over a specified time horizon with a suitable confidence level. However, there are inherent limitations of utilizing VaR including: historical movements in markets may not accurately predict future market movements; VaR does not take into account the liquidity of individual positions; VaR does not estimate losses over longer time horizons; and extended periods of one-directional markets potentially distort risks within the portfolio. In addition, should markets become more volatile, actual trading losses may exceed VaR results presented on a single day and might accumulate over a longer time horizon. As a result, management complements VaR with sensitivity analysis and stress testing and employs additional controls such as a daily review of trading results, review of aged inventory, independent review of pricing, monitoring of concentrations, and review of issuer ratings.

To calculate VaR, we use models which incorporate historical simulation. This approach assumes that historical changes in market conditions, such as in interest rates and equity prices, are representative of future changes. Simulation is based on daily market data for the previous twelve months. VaR is reported at a 99% confidence level for a one-day time horizon. Assuming that future market conditions change as they have in the past twelve months, we would expect to incur losses greater than those predicted by our one-day VaR estimates about once every 100 trading days, or about three times per year on average. For regulatory capital calculation purposes, we also report VaR and Stressed VaR numbers for a ten-day time horizon. The VaR model is independently reviewed by our Model Risk Management function. See “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Model risk” of our 2022 Form 10-K for further information.

The modeling of the risk characteristics of trading positions involves a number of assumptions and approximations that management believes to be reasonable. However, there is no uniform industry methodology for estimating VaR, and different assumptions or approximations could produce materially different VaR estimates. As a result, VaR results are more reliable when used as indicators of risk levels and trends within a firm than as a basis for inferring differences in risk-taking across firms.

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The following table sets forth the high, low, period-end and average daily one-day VaR for all of our trading portfolios, including fixed income and equity instruments, and for our derivatives for the periods and dates indicated.

						Three months ended December 31, 2022												Period-end VaR																		Three months ended December 31,
$ in millions						High						Low						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022						$ in millions						2022						2021
Daily VaR						$	3					$	2					$	3					$	3					Average daily VaR						$	2					$	1

Average daily VaR was higher during the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared with the three months ended December 31, 2021 due to the impact increased market volatility in December 2022, as well as the addition of the SumRidge Partners trading inventory.

The Fed’s MRR requires us to perform daily back-testing procedures for our VaR model, whereby we compare each day’s projected VaR to its regulatory-defined daily trading losses, which exclude fees, commissions, reserves, net interest income, and intraday trading. Regulatory-defined daily trading losses are used to evaluate the performance of our VaR model and are not comparable to our actual daily net revenues. Based on these daily “ex ante” versus “ex post” comparisons, we determine whether the number of times that regulatory-defined daily trading losses exceed VaR is consistent with our expectations at a 99% confidence level. During the three months ended December 31, 2022, our regulatory-defined daily losses in our trading portfolios did not exceed our predicted VaR.

Separately, RJF provides additional market risk disclosures to comply with the MRR, including 10-day VaR and 10-day Stressed VaR, which are available on our website at https://www.raymondjames.com/investor-relations/financial-information/filings-and-reports within “Other Reports and Information.”

Banking operations

Our Bank segment maintains an interest-earning asset portfolio that is comprised of cash, SBL, C&I loans, commercial and residential real estate loans, REIT loans, and tax-exempt loans, as well as securities held in the available-for-sale securities portfolio.  These interest-earning assets are primarily funded by client deposits.  Based on the current asset portfolio, our banking operations are subject to interest rate risk.  We analyze interest rate risk based on forecasted net interest income, which is the net amount of interest received and interest paid, and the net portfolio valuation, both across a range of interest rate scenarios.

One of the objectives of the Asset and Liability Committee is to manage the sensitivity of net interest income to changes in market interest rates. This committee uses several measures to monitor and limit interest rate risk in our banking operations, including scenario analysis and economic value of equity. We utilize a hedging strategy using interest rate swaps in our banking operations as a result of our asset and liability management process. For further information regarding this hedging strategy, see Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K and Notes 12 and 13 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q.

To ensure that we remain within the tolerances established for net interest income, a sensitivity analysis of net interest income to interest rate conditions is estimated under a variety of scenarios. We use simulation models and estimation techniques to assess the sensitivity of net interest income to movements in interest rates. The model estimates the sensitivity by calculating interest income and interest expense in a dynamic balance sheet environment using current repricing, prepayment, and reinvestment of cash flow assumptions over a 12-month time horizon. Assumptions used in the model include interest rate movement, the slope of the yield curve, and balance sheet composition and growth. The model also considers interest rate-related risks such as pricing spreads, pricing of client cash accounts, and prepayments. Various interest rate scenarios are modeled in order to determine the effect those scenarios may have on net interest income.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table is an analysis of our banking operations’ estimated net interest income over a 12-month period based on instantaneous shifts in interest rates (expressed in basis points) using our previously described asset/liability model, which assumes a dynamic balance sheet and that interest rates do not decline below zero. While not presented, additional rate scenarios are performed, including interest rate ramps and yield curve shifts that may more realistically mimic the speed of potential interest rate movements. We also perform simulations on time horizons of up to five years to assess longer-term impacts to various interest rate scenarios. On a quarterly basis, we test expected model results to actual performance. Additionally, any changes made to key assumptions in the model are documented and approved by the Asset and Liability Committee.

Instantaneous changes in rate (1)						Net interest income ($ in millions)						Projected change in net interest income
+200						$2,533						16%
+100						$2,353						8%
0						$2,176						—%
-100						$1,981						(9)%
-200						$1,823						(16)%

(1) Our 0-basis point scenario was based on interest rates as of December 31, 2022 and did not include the impact of the Fed’s February 1, 2023 increase in its benchmark short-term rate.

Refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Net interest analysis” of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of the impact changes in short-term interest rates could have on the consolidated firm’s operations.

The following table shows the maturities of our bank loan portfolio at December 31, 2022, including contractual principal repayments.  Maturities are generally determined based upon contractual terms; however, rollovers or extensions that are included for the purposes of measuring the allowance for credit losses are reflected in maturities in the following table. This table does not include any estimates of prepayments, which could shorten the average loan lives and cause the actual timing of the loan repayments to differ significantly from those shown in the table.

						Due in
$ in millions						One year or less						> One year – five years						> Five years - fifteen years						> Fifteen years						Total
SBL						$	14,405					$	354					$	125					$	1					$	14,885
C&I loans						941						7,320						3,106						38						11,405
CRE loans						933						4,112						1,861						23						6,929
REIT loans						129						1,413						138						—						1,680
Residential mortgage loans						17						31						214						7,556						7,818
Tax-exempt loans						167						260						1,240						—						1,667
Total loans held for investment						16,592						13,490						6,684						7,618						44,384
Held for sale loans						1						—						33						56						90
Total loans held for sale and investment						$	16,593					$	13,490					$	6,717					$	7,674					$	44,474

The following table shows the distribution of the recorded investment of those bank loans that mature in more than one year between fixed and adjustable interest rate loans at December 31, 2022.

						Interest rate type
$ in millions						Fixed						Adjustable						Total
SBL						$	5					$	475					$	480
C&I loans						779						9,685						10,464
CRE loans						341						5,655						5,996
REIT loans						—						1,551						1,551
Residential mortgage loans						232						7,569						7,801
Tax-exempt loans						1,500						—						1,500
Total loans held for investment						2,857						24,935						27,792
Held for sale loans						2						87						89
Total loans held for sale and investment						$	2,859					$	25,022					$	27,881

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Contractual loan terms for SBL, C&I loans, CRE loans, REIT loans, and residential mortgage loans may include an interest rate floor, cap and/or fixed interest rates for a certain period of time, which would impact the timing of the interest rate reset for the respective loan. See the discussion within the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Credit risk - Risk monitoring process” section of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding our interest-only residential mortgage loan portfolio.

In our available-for-sale securities portfolio, we hold primarily fixed-rate agency-backed MBS, agency-backed CMOs, and U.S. Treasuries, which are carried at fair value on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, with changes in the fair value of the portfolio recorded through OCI on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. At December 31, 2022, our available-for-sale securities portfolio had a fair value of $9.79 billion with a weighted-average yield of 1.94%. The effective duration of our available-for-sale securities portfolio as of December 31, 2022 was approximately 3.74, where duration is defined as the approximate percentage change in price for a 100-basis point change in rates. See Note 4 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for additional information on our available-for-sale securities portfolio.

Equity price risk

We are exposed to equity price risk as a result of our capital markets activities. Our broker-dealer activities are generally client-driven, and we carry equity securities as part of our trading inventory to facilitate such activities, although the amounts are not as significant as our fixed income trading inventory.  We attempt to reduce the risk of loss inherent in our inventory of equity securities by monitoring those security positions each day and establishing position limits. Equity securities held in our trading inventory are generally included in VaR.

In addition, we have a private equity portfolio, included in “Other investments” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, which is primarily comprised of investments in third-party funds. See Note 3 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for additional information on this portfolio.

Foreign exchange risk

We are subject to foreign exchange risk due to our investments in foreign subsidiaries as well as transactions and resulting balances denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar. For example, our bank loan portfolio includes loans which are denominated in Canadian dollars, totaling $1.52 billion and $1.51 billion at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively, when converted to the U.S. dollar. A majority of such loans are held in a Canadian subsidiary of Raymond James Bank, which is discussed in the following sections.

Investments in foreign subsidiaries

Raymond James Bank has an investment in a Canadian subsidiary, resulting in foreign exchange risk. To mitigate its foreign exchange risk, Raymond James Bank utilizes short-term, forward foreign exchange contracts. These derivatives are primarily accounted for as net investment hedges in the condensed consolidated financial statements. See Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K and Note 5 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for further information regarding these derivatives.

At December 31, 2022, we had foreign exchange risk in our investment in RJ Ltd. of CAD $395 million and in our investment in Charles Stanley of £274 million, which were not hedged. All of our other investments in subsidiaries located in Europe are not hedged and we do not believe we had material foreign exchange risk either individually, or in the aggregate, pertaining to these subsidiaries as of December 31, 2022. Foreign exchange gains/losses related to our foreign investments are primarily reflected in OCI on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. See Note 16 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for further information regarding our components of OCI.

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Transactions and resulting balances denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar

We are subject to foreign exchange risk due to our holdings of cash and certain other assets and liabilities resulting from transactions denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar. Any currency-related gains/losses arising from these foreign currency denominated balances are reflected in “Other” revenues in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The foreign exchange risk associated with a portion of such transactions and balances denominated in foreign currency are mitigated utilizing short-term, forward foreign exchange contracts. Such derivatives are not designated hedges and therefore, the related gains/losses are included in “Other” revenues in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. See Note 5 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for information regarding our derivatives.

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of loss due to adverse changes in a borrower’s, issuer’s or counterparty’s ability to meet its financial obligations under contractual or agreed-upon terms. The nature and amount of credit risk depends on the type of transaction, the structure and duration of that transaction, and the parties involved. Credit risk is an integral component of the profit assessment of lending and other financing activities. See further discussion of our credit risk, including how we manage such risk, in “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Credit risk” of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Brokerage activities

We are engaged in various trading and brokerage activities in which our counterparties primarily include broker-dealers, banks, exchanges, clearing organizations, and other financial institutions. We are exposed to risk that these counterparties may not fulfill their obligations. In addition, certain commitments, including underwritings, may create exposure to individual issuers and businesses. The risk of default depends on the creditworthiness of the counterparty and/or the issuer of the instrument. In addition, we may be subject to concentration risk if we hold large positions in or have large commitments to a single counterparty, borrower, or group of similar counterparties or borrowers (e.g., in the same industry). We seek to mitigate these risks by imposing and monitoring individual and aggregate position limits within each business segment for each counterparty, conducting regular credit reviews of financial counterparties, reviewing security, derivative and loan concentrations, holding and calculating the fair value of collateral on certain transactions and conducting business through clearing organizations, which may guarantee performance. See Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K and Notes 5 and 6 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for further information about our credit risk mitigation related to derivatives and collateralized agreements.

Our client activities involve the execution, settlement, and financing of various transactions on behalf of our clients. Client activities are transacted on either a cash or margin basis. Credit exposure results from client margin loans, which are monitored daily and are collateralized by the securities in the clients’ accounts. We monitor exposure to industry sectors and individual securities and perform analysis on a daily basis in connection with our margin lending activities. We adjust our margin requirements if we believe our risk exposure is not appropriate based on market conditions. In addition, when clients execute a purchase, we are at some risk that the client will default on their financial obligation associated with the trade. If this occurs, we may have to liquidate the position at a loss. See Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K for further information about our determination of the allowance for credit losses associated with certain of our brokerage lending activities.

We offer loans to financial advisors for recruiting and retention purposes. We have credit risk and may incur a loss primarily in the event that such borrower is no longer affiliated with us. See Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K and Note 8 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for further information about our loans to financial advisors.

Banking activities

Our Bank segment has a substantial loan portfolio.  Our strategy for credit risk management related to bank loans includes well-defined credit policies, uniform underwriting criteria, and ongoing risk monitoring and review processes for all credit exposures. The strategy also includes diversification across loan types, geographic location, industry and client level, regular credit examinations and management reviews of all corporate and tax-exempt loans as well as individual delinquent residential loans. The credit risk management process also includes annual independent reviews of the credit risk monitoring process that performs assessments of compliance with credit policies, risk ratings, and other critical credit information. We seek to identify potential problem loans early, record any necessary risk rating changes and charge-offs promptly, and maintain appropriate

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reserve levels for expected losses. We utilize a thorough credit risk rating system to measure the credit quality of individual corporate and tax-exempt loans and related unfunded lending commitments. For our residential mortgage loans and substantially all of our SBL, we utilize the credit risk rating system used by bank regulators in measuring the credit quality of each homogeneous class of loans. In evaluating credit risk, we consider trends in loan performance, historical experience through various economic cycles, industry or client concentrations, the loan portfolio composition and macroeconomic factors (both current and forecasted). These factors have a potentially negative impact on loan performance and net charge-offs.

While our bank loan portfolio is diversified, a significant downturn in the overall economy, deterioration in real estate values or a significant issue within any sector or sectors where we have a concentration will generally result in large provisions for credit losses and/or charge-offs. We determine the allowance required for specific loan pools based on relative risk characteristics of the loan portfolio. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our methods for determining the allowance for each class of loans and make enhancements we consider appropriate. Our allowance for credit losses methodology is described in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K. As our bank loan portfolio is segregated into six portfolio segments, likewise, the allowance for credit losses is segregated by these same segments.  See “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Credit risk” of our 2022 Form 10-K for further information about the risk characteristics relevant to each portfolio segment.

The level of charge-off activity is a factor that is considered in evaluating the potential severity of future credit losses. The following table presents net loan (charge-offs)/recoveries and the annualized percentage of net loan (charge-offs)/recoveries to the average outstanding loan balances by loan portfolio segment.

						Three months ended December 31,
						2022												2021
$ in millions						Net loan (charge-off)/recovery amount						Annualized % of avg. outstanding loans						Net loan (charge-off)/recovery amount						Annualized % of avg. outstanding loans
C&I loans						$	(4)					0.14		%				$	(2)					0.09		%
CRE loans						2						0.12		%				—						—		%
Residential mortgage loans						—						—		%				1						0.07		%
Total loans held for sale and investment						$	(2)					0.02		%				$	(1)					0.02		%

The level of nonperforming assets is another indicator of potential future credit losses. Nonperforming assets are comprised of both nonperforming loans and other real estate owned. Nonperforming loans include those loans which have been placed on nonaccrual status and certain accruing loans which are 90 days or more past due and in the process of collection. The following table presents the balance of nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets, and related key credit ratios.

$ in millions						December 31, 2022						September 30, 2022
Nonperforming loans (1)						$	61					$	74
Nonperforming assets						$	61					$	74
Nonperforming loans as a % of total loans held for sale and investment						0.14		%				0.17		%
Allowance for credit losses as a % of nonperforming loans						669		%				535		%
Nonperforming assets as a % of Bank segment total assets						0.11		%				0.13		%

(1)     Nonperforming loans at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022 included $39 million and $63 million of loans, respectively, which were current pursuant to their contractual terms.

The nonperforming loan balances in the preceding table excluded $7 million as of both December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, of residential troubled debt restructurings which were returned to accrual status in accordance with our policy.

Although our nonperforming assets as a percentage of our Bank segment’s assets remained low as of December 31, 2022, any prolonged period of market deterioration could result in an increase in our nonperforming assets, an increase in our allowance for credit losses and/or an increase in net charge-offs in future periods, although the extent would depend on future developments that are highly uncertain.

See further explanation of our bank loan portfolio segments, allowance for credit losses, and the credit loss provision in Note 7 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Results of Operations - Bank” of this Form 10-Q and Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Loan underwriting policies

Our underwriting policies for the major types of bank loans are described in “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Credit risk” of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Risk monitoring process

Another component of credit risk strategy for our bank loan portfolio is the ongoing risk monitoring and review processes, including our internal loan review process, as well as our rigorous processes to manage and limit credit losses arising from loan delinquencies. There are various other factors included in these processes, depending on the loan portfolio. There were no significant changes to those processes during the three months ended December 31, 2022.

SBL and residential mortgage loan portfolios

Substantially all collateral securing our SBL portfolio is monitored on a daily basis. Collateral adjustments, as triggered by our monitoring procedures, are made by the borrower as necessary to ensure our loans are adequately secured, resulting in minimizing our credit risk. Collateral calls have been minimal relative to our SBL portfolio with no losses incurred to date.

We track and review many factors to monitor credit risk in our residential mortgage loan portfolio. The factors include, but are not limited to: loan performance trends, loan product parameters and qualification requirements, borrower credit scores, level of documentation, loan purpose, geographic concentrations, average loan size, risk rating, and LTV ratios. See Note 7 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for additional information about our residential mortgage loan portfolio.

The following table presents a summary of delinquent residential mortgage loans, the vast majority of which are first mortgage loans, which are comprised of loans which are two or more payments past due as well as loans in the process of foreclosure.

						Amount of delinquent residential mortgage loans																		Delinquent residential mortgage loans as a percentage of outstanding residential mortgage loan balances
$ in millions						30-89 days						90 days or more						Total						30-89 days						90 days or more						Total
December 31, 2022						$	5					$	6					$	11					0.06		%				0.08		%				0.14		%
September 30, 2022						$	6					$	6					$	12					0.08		%				0.08		%				0.16		%

Our December 31, 2022 percentage compares favorably to the national average for over 30 day delinquencies of 1.98%, as most recently reported by the Fed.

Credit risk is also managed by diversifying the residential mortgage portfolio. Most of the loans in our residential loan portfolio are to PCG clients across the U.S. The following table details the geographic concentrations (top five states) of our one-to-four family residential mortgage loans.

						December 31, 2022
						Loans outstanding as a % of total residential mortgage loans held for sale and investment						Loans outstanding as a % of total loans held for sale and investment
CA						26%						5%
FL						17%						3%
TX						8%						1%
NY						8%						1%
CO						4%						1%

The occurrence of a natural disaster or severe weather event in any of these states, for example wildfires in California and hurricanes in Florida, could result in additional credit loss provisions and/or charge-offs on our loans in such states and therefore negatively impact our net income and regulatory capital in any given period.

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Loans where borrowers may be subject to payment increases include adjustable rate mortgage loans with terms that initially require payment of interest only.  Payments may increase significantly when the interest-only period ends and the loan principal begins to amortize.  At December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, these loans totaled $2.63 billion and $2.55 billion, respectively, or approximately 34% and 35% of the residential mortgage portfolio, respectively.  The weighted-average number of years before the remainder of the loans, which were still in their interest-only period at December 31, 2022, begins amortizing is six years.

Corporate and tax-exempt loans

Credit risk in our corporate and tax-exempt loan portfolios is monitored on an individual loan basis. The majority of our tax-exempt loan portfolio is comprised of loans to investment-grade borrowers. Credit risk is managed by diversifying the corporate bank loan portfolio. Our corporate bank loan portfolio does not contain a significant concentration in any single industry. The following table details the industry concentrations (top five categories) of our corporate bank loans.

						December 31, 2022
						Loans outstanding as a % of total corporate bank loans held for sale and investment						Loans outstanding as a % of total loans held for sale and investment
Multi-family						11%						5%
Industrial warehouse						8%						4%
Loan fund						7%						3%
Office real estate						6%						3%
Consumer products and services						5%						2%

Certain sectors continue to be impacted by supply chain disruptions and changes in consumer behavior. In addition, macroeconomic uncertainty has further exacerbated supply chain stresses and inflation concerns. Further, the Fed’s measures to control inflation, including through increases in short-term interest rates, have had an impact on consumer behavior and are likely to continue to do so in the near-term. These and related factors could negatively impact our borrowers, particularly those in consumer-facing or supply-dependent industries. In addition, we continue to monitor our exposure to office real estate where trends have changed following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Liquidity risk

See the section “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and capital resources” of this Form 10-Q for information regarding our liquidity and how we manage liquidity risk.

Operational risk

Operational risk generally refers to the risk of loss resulting from our operations, including, but not limited to, business disruptions, improper or unauthorized execution and processing of transactions, deficiencies in our technology or financial operating systems and inadequacies or breaches in our control processes, including cybersecurity incidents. See “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Operational risk” of our 2022 Form 10-K for a discussion of our operational risk and certain of our risk mitigation processes.

Periods of severe market volatility can result in a significantly higher level of transactions on specific days, which may present operational challenges from time to time that may result in losses. These losses can result from, but are not limited to, trade errors, failed transaction settlements, late collateral calls to borrowers and counterparties, or interruptions to our system processing. We did not incur any significant losses related to such operational challenges during the three months ended December 31, 2022.

As more fully described in the discussion of our business technology risks included in various risk factors presented in “Item 1A - Risk Factors” of our 2022 Form 10-K, despite our implementation of protective measures and endeavoring to modify them as circumstances warrant, our computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to human error, natural disasters, power loss, cyber-attacks and other information security breaches, and other events that could have an impact on the security and stability of our operations.

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Model risk

Model risk refers to the possibility of unintended business outcomes arising from the design, implementation or use of models. See “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Model risk” of our 2022 Form 10-K for information regarding how we utilize models throughout the firm and how we manage model risk.

Compliance risk

Compliance risk is the risk of legal or regulatory sanctions, financial loss, or reputational damage that the firm may suffer from a failure to comply with applicable laws, external standards, or internal requirements. See “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management - Compliance risk” of our 2022 Form 10-K for information on our compliance risks, including how we manage such risks.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

See “Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Risk management” of this Form 10-Q for our quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls are procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, such as this report, are recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(b) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes during the three months ended December 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

We did not have any sales of unregistered securities for the three months ended December 31, 2022.

We purchase our own stock from time to time in conjunction with a number of activities, each of which is described in the following paragraphs. The following table presents information on our purchases of our own stock, on a monthly basis, for the three months ended December 31, 2022.

			Total number of shares purchased						Average price per share						Number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs						Approximate dollar value (in millions) at each month-end of securities that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
October 1, 2022 – October 31, 2022			358,103						$	105.94					354,313						$800
November 1, 2022 – November 30, 2022			78,798						$	120.60					—						$800
December 1, 2022 – December 31, 2022			937,747						$	106.64					937,737						$1,400
First quarter			1,374,648						$	107.26					1,292,050

In December 2022, the Board of Directors authorized repurchase of our common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $1.5 billion, which replaced the previous authorization.

In the preceding table, the total number of shares purchased includes shares purchased pursuant to the Restricted Stock Trust Fund, which was established to acquire our common stock in the open market and used to settle RSUs granted as a retention vehicle for certain employees of our wholly-owned Canadian subsidiaries. For more information on this trust fund, see Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our 2022 Form 10-K and Note 9 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q. These activities do not utilize the repurchase authorization presented in the preceding table.

The total number of shares purchased also includes shares repurchased as a result of employees surrendering shares as payment for option exercises or withholding taxes. These activities do not utilize the repurchase authorization presented in the preceding table.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number			Description
3.1.1			Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Raymond James Financial, Inc. as filed with the Secretary of State of Florida on February 28, 2022, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2022.
3.1.2			Articles of Amendment to Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Raymond James Financial, Inc. relating to the Raymond James Financial, Inc. 6.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series A Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, $0.10 par value per share, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 31, 2022.
3.1.3			Articles of Amendment to Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Raymond James Financial, Inc. relating to the Raymond James Financial, Inc. 6.375% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series B Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, $0.10 par value per share, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 31, 2022.
3.2			Amended and Restated By-Laws of Raymond James Financial, Inc., reflecting amendments adopted by the Board of Directors on August 24, 2022, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 30, 2022.
10.1			Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Notice and Agreement for Special Retention Award (performance-based vesting with rTSR) for Mr. Paul C. Reilly under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 19, 2022.
10.2			Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Notice and Agreement for Special Retention Award (time-based vesting) for Mr. Paul C. Reilly under the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 19, 2022.
31.1			Certification of Paul C. Reilly pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2			Certification of Paul M. Shoukry pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32			Certification of Paul C. Reilly and Paul M. Shoukry pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS			XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104			Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

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RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

									RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL, INC.
									(Registrant)
Date:			February 3, 2023						/s/ Paul C. Reilly
									Paul C. Reilly
									Chair and Chief Executive Officer
Date:			February 3, 2023						/s/ Paul M. Shoukry
									Paul M. Shoukry
									Chief Financial Officer

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ATTACHMENTS / EXHIBITS

EX-31.1 CEO CERTIFICATION

EX-31.2 CFO CERTIFICATION

EX-32 SARBANES-OXLEY CERTIFICATION

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