v3.22.4
N-2 - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Feb. 01, 2023
Nov. 30, 2022
Nov. 30, 2022
Aug. 31, 2022
May 31, 2022
Feb. 28, 2022
Nov. 30, 2021
Aug. 31, 2021
May 30, 2021
Feb. 28, 2021
Nov. 30, 2022
Nov. 30, 2021
Nov. 30, 2020
Nov. 30, 2019
Nov. 30, 2018
Nov. 30, 2017
Nov. 30, 2016
Nov. 30, 2015
Nov. 30, 2014
Nov. 30, 2013
Cover [Abstract]                                        
Entity Central Index Key 0001245648                                      
Amendment Flag false                                      
Document Type N-CSR                                      
Entity Registrant Name Flaherty & Crumrine Total Return Fund Incorporated                                      
Fee Table [Abstract]                                        
Shareholder Transaction Expenses [Table Text Block]

 

Shareholder Transaction Expenses (Percentage of Offering Price)

Sales load paid by you (as a percentage of offering price)

1.00

%(1)

Offering Expenses borne by Common Shareholders

0.18

%

Dividend reinvestment and cash purchase plan fees

None(2)

                                     
Sales Load [Percent] [1] 1.00%                                      
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees [2] $ 0                                      
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract]                                        
Other Transaction Expenses [Percent] 0.18%                                      
Annual Expenses [Table Text Block]

 

Annual Expenses (Percentage of Net Assets Attributable to Common Shares (Includes Leverage)(3))

Investment management fee(4)

0.87

%

Interest payments on borrowed funds(5)

1.30

%

Other expenses(6)

0.43

%

Total annual Fund operating expenses

2.60

%

  

(1)As of November 30, 2022, the Fund had an effective registration statement (“Shelf Registration Statement”) under which it may offer and sell additional Common Shares of the Fund. The maximum sales load for offerings made at-the-market under the Shelf Registration Statement is presently expected to be 1.00% of the offering price.
(2)There is no charge to participants for reinvesting dividends or capital gains distributions. The Fund’s dividend disbursing agent’s (the “Plan Agent”) service fee for handling the reinvestment of such dividends and capital gains distributions will be paid by the Fund. Shareholders will bear a proportionate share of brokerage commissions on all open market purchases. See “Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Plan.”
(3)For purposes of the Fee Table, the Fund’s net assets have been calculated as managed assets less the principal amount of Borrowings under the Financing Agreement. As of November 30, 2022, the Fund did not have any Preferred Shares outstanding nor is it party to any Reverse Repurchase Agreements.
(4)The Adviser receives a monthly management fee for its advisory services equal to an effective annual rate of 0.55% of the Fund’s average weekly total managed assets assuming the amount of leverage of 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets is used.
(5)Interest expense assumes that leverage represents 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets and is charged at an interest rate pursuant to the Financing Agreement. As of November 30, 2021, the annualized interest rate on the drawn balance was 4.739%.
(6)“Other expenses” are based upon amounts incurred for the fiscal year ending November 30, 2022.
                                     
Management Fees [Percent] [3],[4] 0.87%                                      
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] [4],[5] 1.30%                                      
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract]                                        
Other Annual Expenses [Percent] [4],[6] 0.43%                                      
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] [4] 2.60%                                      
Expense Example [Table Text Block]

Example (At-the-Market Transaction)

The following example illustrates the hypothetical expenses (including the sales load of $10.00 and estimated offering expenses of $1.78 on an at-the-market offering) that you would pay on a $1,000 investment in Common Shares, assuming (1) total net annual expenses of 2.60% of net assets attributable to Common Shares and (2) a 5% annual return:

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

$38

$93

$150

$305

                                     
Expense Example, Year 01 $ 38                                      
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 93                                      
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 150                                      
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 $ 305                                      
Purpose of Fee Table , Note [Text Block]

The purpose of the following tables and example below is to help you understand the fees and expenses that you, as a holder of Common Shares, would bear directly or indirectly, from shares you own and shares sold under the Fund’s Shelf Registration Statement. The table reflects the use of leverage in the form of Borrowings in an amount equal to 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets (after the leverage is incurred) and shows Fund expenses as a percentage of net assets attributable to Common Shares. The Fund’s actual expenses may vary from the estimated expenses shown in the table. The extent of the Fund’s assets attributable to leverage following an offering, and the Fund’s associated expenses, are likely to vary (perhaps significantly) from these assumptions.

                                     
Basis of Transaction Fees, Note [Text Block] as a percentage of offering price                                      
Other Expenses, Note [Text Block] “Other expenses” are based upon amounts incurred for the fiscal year ending November 30, 2022.                                      
Management Fee not based on Net Assets, Note [Text Block] The Adviser receives a monthly management fee for its advisory services equal to an effective annual rate of 0.55% of the Fund’s average weekly total managed assets assuming the amount of leverage of 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets is used.                                      
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                        
Senior Securities [Table Text Block]

 

Senior Securities

The following table sets forth information regarding the Fund’s outstanding senior securities as of the end of each of the Fund’s last ten fiscal years, as applicable.

Fiscal Year Ended November 30:

 

Total Debt
Outstanding ($000)
(1)

 

Asset Coverage per
$1,000 of Debt
(2)

2022

118,500

2,519

2021

118,500

2,946

2020

107,900

3,041

2019

107,900

3,008

2018

107,900

2,763

2017

107,900

3,002

2016

104,800

2,879

2015

104,800

2,924

2014

102,900

3,030

2013

102,900

2,882

  

(1)See “Notes to Financial Statements – 7. Committed Financing Agreement.”
(2)Asset Coverage is calculated by subtracting the Fund’s total liabilities (excluding the loan) from the Fund’s total assets and dividing that amount by the loan outstanding in 000’s.
                                     
Senior Securities, Note [Text Block]

The following table sets forth information regarding the Fund’s outstanding senior securities as of the end of each of the Fund’s last ten fiscal years, as applicable.

                                     
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Investment Objectives and Practices [Text Block]

Investment Objective and Policies

The Fund’s primary investment objective is to provide its common shareholders with high current income. The Fund’s secondary investment objective is capital appreciation. The Fund’s investment objectives may not be changed except through an amendment to the Fund’s Articles of Incorporation. Any such amendment would require the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the votes of the Fund’s Common Shares and preferred stock (“Preferred Shares”) entitled to be cast by shareholders, voting together as a single class, and of at least 80% of the votes of the Fund’s Preferred Shares entitled to be cast by shareholders, voting as a separate class.

In seeking its investment objectives, the Fund normally will invest at least 80% of its total assets in a diversified portfolio of preferred securities and other income-producing securities, consisting of various debt securities. The portions of the Fund’s assets invested in various types of preferred, debt or common stock may vary from time to time depending on market conditions, although the Fund will normally invest at least 50% of its total assets in preferred securities.

The Fund will invest, under normal market conditions, at least 25% of its total assets in the financials sector, which for this purpose is comprised of the bank, thrifts & mortgage finance, diversified financial services, finance, consumer finance, capital markets, asset management & custody, investment banking & brokerage, insurance, insurance brokerage and real estate investment trust (“REIT”) industries. From time to time, the Fund may have 25% or more of its total assets invested in any one of these industries. For example, the Fund could have more than 25% of its total assets in insurance companies, while at other times it could have that portion invested in banks. At all times, though, the Fund would have at least 25% of its total assets invested in the financials sector. In addition, the Fund also may focus its investments in other sectors or industries, such as (but not limited to) energy, industrials, utilities, communications and pipelines. The Adviser retains broad discretion to allocate the Fund’s investments as it deems appropriate considering current market and credit conditions.

The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in securities of U.S. companies, and may also invest up to 30% of its total assets in U.S. dollar-denominated securities issued by companies organized or having their principal place of business outside the United States.

At the time of purchase, at least 90% of the Fund’s total assets will be either (a) rated investment grade by any one of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”) or (b) issued by companies with issuer or senior unsecured debt ratings that are investment grade by any one of Moody’s, S&P or Fitch. In addition, for purposes of this 90% policy, the Fund may include unrated securities that the Adviser deems to be comparable in quality to rated issues in which the Fund is authorized to invest. Some of the Fund’s total assets may be invested in securities rated (or issued by companies rated) below investment grade at the time of purchase. Securities that are rated below investment grade are commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk bonds.” Securities of below investment grade quality are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to capacity to pay dividends and interest and repayment of principal. Due to the risks involved in investing in securities of below investment grade quality, an investment in the Fund should be considered speculative.

The maturities of securities in which the Fund will invest generally will be longer-term (perpetual, in the case of many preferred securities and CoCos, and ten years or more for other preferred and debt securities); however, as a result of changing market conditions and interest rates, the Fund may also invest in shorter-term securities. The Fund can

buy securities of any maturity or duration. Duration is the sensitivity, expressed in years, of the price of a fixed-income security to changes in the general level of interest rates (or yields). Securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate (or yield) changes than securities with shorter durations. For example, a three-year duration means a bond is expected to decrease in value by 3% if interest rates rise by 1% and increase in value by 3% if interest rates fall by 1%.

The portion of the Fund’s total assets not invested in preferred and other income-producing securities may be invested in, among other securities, common stocks, money market instruments, money market mutual funds, asset- backed securities, and securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities (“Government Securities”) and such obligations which are subject to repurchase agreements and commercial paper. Depending on market conditions, these investments may at times have a higher or lower yield than preferred securities and other income-producing securities in which the Fund invests.

Unless designated as a “fundamental” policy or restriction and except as described above, the investment limitations and policies of the Fund may be changed by the Board of Directors without shareholder approval.

Primary Investment Strategies and Techniques

Preferred Securities. Preferred securities share many investment characteristics with both bonds and common stock; therefore, the risks and potential rewards of investing in the Fund may at times be similar to the risks of investing in equity-income funds or both equity funds and bond funds. Similar to bonds, preferred securities, which generally pay fixed- or adjustable-rate dividends or interest to investors, have preference over common stock in the payment of dividends or interest and the liquidation of a company’s assets, which means that a company typically must pay dividends or interest on its preferred securities before paying any dividends on its common stock. On the other hand, like common stock, preferred securities are junior to all forms of the company’s debt, including both senior and subordinated debt, and the company can skip or defer dividend or interest payments for extended periods of time without triggering an event of default. Further, different types of preferred securities can be junior or senior to other types of preferred securities in both priority of payment of dividends or interest and/or the liquidation of a company’s assets.

Preferred securities can be structured differently for retail and institutional investors, and the Fund may purchase either structure. The retail segment is typified by $25 par securities that are listed on a stock exchange and which trade and are quoted with accreted dividend or interest income included in the price. The institutional segment is typified by $1,000 par value securities that are not exchange-listed, trade over-the-counter (“OTC”) and are quoted on a “clean” price, i.e., without accrued dividend or interest income included in the price.

While preferred securities can be issued with a final maturity date, others (including most traditional preferred stock) are perpetual in nature. In certain instances, a final maturity date may be extended and/or the final payment of principal may be deferred at the issuer’s option for a specified time without any adverse consequence to the issuer. No redemption can typically take place unless all cumulative payment obligations to preferred security investors have been met, although issuers may be able to engage in open-market repurchases without regard to any cumulative dividends or interest payable, and many preferred securities are non-cumulative, whereby the issuer does not have an obligation to make up any arrearages to holders of such securities.

Debt Securities. The Fund may invest in a variety of debt securities, including corporate senior or subordinated debt securities and U.S. government securities. Corporate debt securities are fixed-income securities issued by businesses to finance their operations. The issuer pays the investor a fixed or variable rate of interest and normally must repay the

amount borrowed on or before maturity. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities, with the primary difference being their maturities and secured or unsecured status.

Contingent Capital Securities. Contingent capital securities or “CoCos” have features similar to preferred and other income producing securities but also include “loss absorption” or mandatory conversion provisions that make the securities more like equity. An automatic write-down or conversion event is typically triggered by a reduction in the capital level of the issuer, but may also be triggered by regulatory actions (e.g., a change in capital requirements) or by other factors.

Illiquid Securities. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets in instruments that lack a secondary trading market or are otherwise considered illiquid. Generally, illiquid securities are securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities.

Fundamental Investment Restrictions. The Fund has adopted certain fundamental investment restrictions that may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities, voting together as a single class, and of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares voting as a separate class. A “majority of the outstanding voting securities” for this purpose means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the Common Shares and, if issued, preferred stock (“Preferred Shares”) present at a meeting of the shareholders, voting together as single class, if the holders of more than 50% of such shares are present or represented by proxy at the meeting, or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding Common Shares and outstanding Preferred Shares, voting together as a single class. A majority of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares for this purpose is more than half of the outstanding Preferred Shares. For purposes of the restrictions listed below, all percentage limitations apply immediately after acquisition, and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations does not require elimination or reduction of any security from the Fund’s portfolio. Under its fundamental restrictions:

1. The Fund may not purchase securities (other than Government Securities) of any issuer if as a result of the purchase more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in the securities of that issuer, except that up to 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to this 5% limitation.

2. The Fund may not purchase more than 10% of the voting securities of any one issuer, except that (i) this limitation is not applicable to the Fund’s investments in Government Securities and (ii) up to 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to this 10% limitation.    

3. The Fund may not issue senior securities (including borrowing money for other than temporary or emergency purposes) except in conformity with the limits set forth in the 1940 Act.

4. The Fund may not sell securities short or purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions, but the Fund may make margin deposits in connection with transactions in options on securities, futures and options on futures, and may make short sales of securities “against the box.”

5. The Fund may not underwrite any issue of securities, except to the extent that the sale of portfolio securities may be deemed to be an underwriting.

6. The Fund may not purchase, hold or deal in real estate or oil and gas interests, except that the Fund may invest in securities of companies that deal in real estate or are engaged in the real estate business, including real estate investment trusts, and securities secured by real estate or interests in real estate and the Fund may hold and sell real estate or mortgages on real estate acquired through default, liquidation, or other distributions of an interest in real estate as a result of the Fund’s ownership of such securities.

7. The Fund may purchase and sell commodities or commodity contracts, including futures contracts, to the extent permitted by law.

8. The Fund may not lend any funds or other assets, except through purchasing debt securities, lending portfolio securities and entering into repurchase agreements consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives.

9. The Fund may not invest more than 25% of its total assets in securities of issuers in a single industry, except that this limitation will not be applicable to the purchase of Government Securities, provided that the Fund will invest at least 25% of its total assets in the financials sector, which for this purpose is comprised of the bank, thrifts & mortgage finance, diversified financial services, finance, consumer finance, capital markets, asset management & custody, investment banking & brokerage, insurance, insurance brokerage and real estate investment trust (REIT) industries.

10. The Fund may not make any investments for the purpose of exercising control or management of any company.

Except for the investment restrictions set forth above, the Fund’s investment objectives and the Fund’s policy of concentrating in the financials sector, the other policies and percentage limitations referred to in the Prospectus or in this SAI are not fundamental policies of the Fund and, unless provided to the contrary in the Fund’s Articles of Incorporation (together with any amendments or supplements thereto, including any articles supplementary, the “Articles of Incorporation”), may be changed by the Fund’s Board of Directors without shareholder approval. In addition, (1) the Fund’s investment objectives, (2) the Fund’s status as a diversified investment company (the requirements for which are embodied in investment restrictions nos. 1 and 2 above) and (3) the Fund’s policy of not making any investments for the purpose of exercising control or management of any company (see investment restriction no. 10 above) may not be changed except through an amendment to the Fund’s Articles of Incorporation. Any such amendment would require the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the votes of the Common Shares and Preferred Shares entitled to be cast by shareholders, voting together as a single class, and of at least 80% of the votes of the Preferred Shares entitled to be cast by shareholders, voting as a separate class. The Fund’s policy of investing at least 80% of its total assets in preferred securities and other income-producing securities is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Directors without shareholder approval, to become effective on at least 60 days’ written notice to shareholders prior to any such change.

With respect to investment restriction number 9, the Fund, for example, could have more than 25% of its total assets in insurance companies, while at other times it could have that portion invested in banks. At all times, though, the Fund would have at least 25% of its total assets invested in the financials sector. In addition, the Fund also may focus its investments in other sectors or industries, such as (but not limited to) energy, industrials, utilities, and pipelines. The Adviser retains broad discretion to allocate the Fund’s investments as it deems appropriate in light of current market and credit conditions.

                                     
Risk Factors [Table Text Block]

Principal Risks of the Fund

The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment company designed primarily as a long-term investment and not as a trading vehicle. The Fund is not intended to be a complete investment program and, due to the uncertainty inherent in all investments, there can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. Different risks may be more significant at different times depending on market conditions.

Market Events Risk. Market disruption can be caused by economic, financial or political events and factors, including but not limited to, international wars or conflicts (including Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine), geopolitical developments (including trading and tariff arrangements, sanctions and cybersecurity attacks), instability in regions such as Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East, terrorism, natural disasters and public health epidemics (including the outbreak of COVID-19 globally).

The extent and duration of such events and resulting market disruptions cannot be predicted, but could be substantial and could magnify the impact of other risks to the Fund. These and other similar events could adversely affect the U.S. and foreign financial markets and lead to increased market volatility, reduced liquidity in the securities markets, significant negative impacts on issuers and the markets for certain securities and commodities and/or government intervention. They may also cause short- or long-term economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries directly affected, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively impacted.

Preferred, Contingent Capital and Other Subordinated Securities Risk. Preferred, contingent capital and other subordinated securities rank lower than bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure and therefore are subject to greater credit risk than those debt instruments. Distributions on some types of these securities may also be skipped or deferred by issuers without causing a default. Finally, some of these securities typically have special redemption rights that allow the issuer to redeem the security at par earlier than scheduled. If this occurs, the Fund may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding securities.

Contingent Capital Securities Risk. Contingent capital securities or “CoCos” have features and risks similar to preferred and other income producing securities but also include “loss absorption” or mandatory conversion provisions and restrictions on dividend or interest payments that make the securities more like equity. This is particularly true in the financial sector, the largest preferred issuer segment.

In one version of a CoCo, the security has loss absorption characteristics whereby the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value (even to zero) under certain circumstances. This may occur, for instance, in the event that business losses have eroded capital to a substantial extent. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In addition, an automatic write-down could result in a reduced income rate if the dividend or interest payment is based on the security’s par value. Such securities may, but are not required to, provide for circumstances under which the liquidation value may be adjusted back up to par, such as an improvement in capitalization and/or earnings.

Another version of a CoCo provides for mandatory conversion of the security into common shares of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion might relate, for instance, to maintenance of a capital minimum, whereby falling below the minimum would trigger automatic conversion. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero, and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening the Fund’s standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments also provide for an automatic write-down if the price of the common stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date.

An automatic write-down or conversion event is typically triggered by a reduction in the capital level of the issuer, but may also be triggered by regulatory actions (e.g., a change in capital requirements) or by other factors. In addition, interest or dividend payments may be reduced or eliminated if certain earnings or capital levels are breached.

 

Trust Preferred Securities Risk. Some preferred securities are issued by trusts or other special purpose entities established by operating companies and are not a direct obligation of an operating company. In some cases, when investing in hybrid-preferred securities issued by trusts or other special purpose entities, the Fund may not have recourse against the operating company in the event that the trust or other special purpose entity cannot pay the obligation and therefore, the Fund may lose some or all of the value of its investments in the hybrid-preferred security.

Concentration Risk. The Fund invests at least 25% of its total assets in the financials sector. This policy makes the Fund more susceptible to adverse economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the financials sector.

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector is especially subject to the adverse effects of economic recession, currency exchange rates, government regulation, decreases in the availability of capital, volatile interest rates, portfolio concentrations in geographic markets and in commercial and residential real estate loans, and competition from new entrants in their fields of business.

U.S. and foreign laws and regulations require banks and bank holding companies to maintain minimum levels of capital and liquidity and to establish loan loss reserves. A bank’s failure to maintain specified capital ratios may trigger dividend restrictions, suspensions on payments on subordinated debt, preferred securities and contingent capital securities, and limitations on growth. Bank regulators have broad authority in these instances and can ultimately impose sanctions, such as imposing resolution authority, conservatorship or receivership, on such non-complying banks even when these banks continue to be solvent, thereby possibly resulting in the elimination of stockholders’ equity. Unless a bank holding company has subsidiaries other than banks that generate substantial revenues, the holding company’s cash flow and ability to declare dividends may be impaired severely by restrictions on the ability of its bank subsidiaries to declare dividends or ultimately to redeem its securities (as they mature).

Similarly, U.S. and foreign laws and regulations require insurance companies to maintain minimum levels of capital and liquidity. An insurance company’s failure to maintain these capital ratios may also trigger dividend restrictions, suspensions on payments of subordinated debt, and limitations on growth. Insurance regulators (at the state-level in the United States) have broad authority in these instances and can ultimately impose sanctions, including conservatorship or receivership, on such non-complying insurance companies even when these companies continue to be solvent, thereby possibly resulting in the elimination of shareholders’ equity. In addition, insurance regulators have extensive authority in some categories of insurance of approving premium levels and setting required levels of underwriting.

Companies engaged in stock brokerage, commodity brokerage, investment banking, investment management or related investment advisory services are closely tied economically to the securities and commodities markets and can suffer during a decline in either market. These companies also are subject to the regulatory environment and changes in regulations, pricing pressure, the availability of funds to borrow and interest rates.

Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer of a security will be unable or unwilling to make dividend, interest and principal payments when due and the related risk that the value of a security may decline because of concerns about the issuer’s ability to make such payments. Credit risk may be heightened for the Fund because the Fund may invest in “high yield” or “high risk” securities; such securities, while generally offering higher yields than investment grade securities with similar maturities, involve greater risks, including the possibility of default or bankruptcy, and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay dividends and interest and repay principal.

 

High Yield Securities Risk. Although high yield securities generally pay higher rates of interest than investment grade securities, high yield securities are high-risk investments that may cause income and principal losses for the Fund. High yield securities may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of high yield securities may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade securities. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of high yield bond holders, for example, leaving few or no assets available to repay high yield bond holders. Prices of high yield securities are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of high yield securities than on other higher rated fixed-income securities. Issuers of high yield securities may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing. High yield securities frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from the Fund before it matures. If the issuer redeems high yield securities, the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields and may lose income. High yield securities may be less liquid than higher rated fixed-income securities, even under normal economic conditions. There may be significant differences in the prices quoted for high yield securities by dealers in the market. Because they are less liquid, judgment may play a greater role in valuing certain of the Fund’s securities than is the case with securities trading in a more liquid market. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer. The credit rating of a high yield security does not necessarily address its market value risk. Ratings and market value may change from time to time, positively or negatively, to reflect new developments regarding the issuer.

Credit Agency Risk. Credit ratings are determined by credit rating agencies and are the opinions of such entities. A rating assigned by a rating agency is not an absolute standard of credit quality and does not evaluate a security’s market risk or liquidity. Any shortcomings or inefficiencies in credit rating agencies’ processes for determining credit ratings may adversely affect the credit ratings of securities held by the Fund and, as a result, may adversely affect those securities’ perceived or actual credit risk.

Interest Rate and Duration Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that securities will decline in value because of changes in market interest rates. For fixed rate securities, when market interest rates rise, the market value of such securities generally will fall. Investments in fixed rate securities with long-term maturities may experience significant price declines if long-term interest rates increase. During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected redemptions or prepayments. This may lock in a below- market yield, increase the security’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates (“duration”) and further reduce the value of the security. Fixed rate securities with longer durations tend to be more volatile than securities with shorter durations. The duration of a security will be expected to change over time with changes in market factors and time to maturity.

The market value of floating-rate and fixed-to-floating rate securities may fall in a declining interest rate environment and may also fall in a rising interest rate environment if there is a lag between the rise in interest rates and the interest rate reset. A secondary risk associated with declining interest rates is the risk that income earned by the Fund on floating-rate and fixed-to-floating rate securities may decline due to lower coupon payments on floating-rate securities.

Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest, up to 20% of its total assets, in illiquid securities. From time to time, certain securities held by the Fund may have limited marketability and may be difficult to sell at favorable times or prices. It is possible that certain securities held by the Fund will not be able to be sold in sufficient amounts or in a sufficiently timely manner to raise the cash necessary to meet the Fund’s obligations, including potential repayment of leverage borrowings, if any.

 

Foreign Investment Risk. Because the Fund may invest its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by political and economic developments abroad. Foreign markets may be smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in the United States, and as a result, Fund share values may be more volatile. Trading in foreign markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. Foreign legal systems generally have fewer regulatory requirements than the U.S. legal system, particularly those of emerging markets. In general, less information is publicly available with respect to non-U.S. companies than U.S. companies. Non-U.S. companies generally are not subject to the same accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards as are U.S. companies.

Reinvestment Risk. Reinvestment risk is the risk that income from the Fund’s portfolio will decline if the Fund invests proceeds from matured, traded or redeemed securities at market interest rates that are below the Fund portfolio’s current earnings rate. For example, during periods of declining interest rates, the issuer of a security may exercise its option to redeem a security, causing the Fund to reinvest the proceeds into lower-yielding securities, which may result in a decline in the Fund’s income and distributions to Common Shareholders.

Selection Risk. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will under-perform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies.

Management Risk. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the Adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies that achieve the Fund’s investment objective. Decisions made by the Adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities.

Leverage Risk. Leverage is a speculative technique and there are special risks and costs associated with leveraging. There is no assurance that leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for holders of Common Shares, including: the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value, market price and dividend rate of the Common Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage; the risk that fluctuations in the interest or dividend rates that the Fund must pay on any leverage will reduce the return on the holders of the Common Shares; the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the net asset value of the Common Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged, which may result in a greater decline in the market price of the Common Shares; when the Fund uses financial leverage, the management fees payable to the Adviser will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage; and leverage may increase operating costs, which may reduce total return.

Risk of Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value. Shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at a discount from their net asset value. This characteristic is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that net asset value could decrease as a result of investment activities. We cannot predict whether the Common Shares will trade at, above or below net asset value.

Valuation Risk. Unlike publicly traded common stock that trades on national exchanges, there is no central place or exchange for trading some of the preferred and other income securities owned by the Fund. Preferred, contingent capital and debt securities generally trade on an OTC market which may be anywhere in the world where the buyer and seller can settle on a price. Due to the lack of centralized information and trading, the valuation of these securities may carry more risk than that of common stock. Uncertainties in the conditions of the financial market, unreliable reference data, lack of transparency and inconsistency of valuation models and processes may lead to inaccurate asset pricing.

 

Reference Rate Risk. The Fund may be exposed to financial instruments that are tied to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) to determine payment obligations, financing terms, hedging strategies or investment value. The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority announced a phase out of LIBOR such that after June 30, 2023, the overnight, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month and 12-month U.S. dollar LIBOR settings will cease to be published or will no longer be representative. All other LIBOR settings and certain other interbank offered rates, such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (“EONIA”), ceased to be published after December 31, 2021. On December 16, 2022, the Federal Reserve Board adopted regulations implementing the Adjustable Interest Rate Act by identifying benchmark rates based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) that will replace LIBOR in different categories of financial contracts after June 30, 2023. These regulations apply only to LIBOR contracts governed by U.S. law, among other limitations.

Neither the effect of the LIBOR transition process nor its ultimate success can yet be known. Not all existing LIBOR-based instruments may have alternative rate-setting provisions and there remains uncertainty regarding the willingness and ability of issuers to add alternative rate-setting provisions in certain existing instruments. Parties to contracts, securities or other instruments using LIBOR may disagree on transition rates or the application of applicable transition regulation, potentially resulting in uncertainty of performance and the possibility of litigation. The Fund may have investments linked to other interbank offered rates that may also cease to be published in the future.

Cybersecurity Risk. Cybersecurity incidents, both intentional and unintentional, may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets, Fund or customer data (including private shareholder information), or proprietary information, cause the Fund, the Adviser, and/or their service providers (including, but not limited to, fund accountants, custodians, sub-custodians, transfer agents and financial intermediaries) to suffer data breaches, data corruption or loss of operational functionality or prevent fund investors from purchasing, redeeming or exchanging shares or receiving distributions. The Fund and the Adviser have limited ability to prevent or mitigate cybersecurity incidents affecting third party service providers, and such third-party service providers may have limited indemnification obligations to the Fund or the Adviser. Cybersecurity incidents may result in financial losses to the Fund and its shareholders, and substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any future cybersecurity incidents. Issuers of securities in which the Fund invests are also subject to cybersecurity risks, and the value of these securities could decline if the issuers experience cybersecurity incidents.

Given the risks described above, an investment in the Fund’s Common Shares may not be appropriate for all investors. You should carefully consider your ability to assume these risks before making an investment in the Fund.

                                     
Effects of Leverage [Text Block]

Effects of Leverage

As of November 30, 2022, the committed amount, and amount borrowed, under the Financing Agreement was $118.5 million. The lender currently charges an annualized rate of one-month LIBOR (reset monthly) plus 0.80% on the drawn (borrowed) balance. The rate on the loan will change to SOFR plus 0.90%, reset daily, on the Transition Date as described in Note 7 – Committed Financing Agreement. The lender charges an annualized rate of 0.65% on the undrawn (committed) balance. As of November 30, 2022, the annualized interest rate on the drawn balance was 4.739%.

Assuming the Fund uses leverage representing 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets and is charged interest or involves payment at a rate set by an interest rate transaction at an annual average rate of approximately 4.739%, the income generated by the Fund’s portfolio (net of estimated expenses) must exceed 1.88% to cover such interest payments or payment rates and other expenses specifically related to leverage. Of course, these numbers are merely estimates based on current market conditions, used for illustration. Actual dividend rates, interest, or payment rates may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate estimated above.

The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on Common Share total return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns expected to be experienced by the Fund. The table assumes leverage in an aggregate amount equal to 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets. See “Principal Risks of the Fund – Leverage Risk.”

If the Fund uses leverage, the amount of fees paid to the Adviser for its services will be higher than if the Fund does not use leverage because the fees paid are calculated on managed assets, which include assets purchased with leverage. Therefore, the Adviser has a financial incentive to use leverage, which creates a conflict of interest between the Adviser and Common Shareholders, as only the Common Shareholders would bear the fees and expenses incurred through the Fund’s use of leverage. The Fund’s willingness to use leverage, and the extent to which leverage is used at any time, will depend on many factors, including among other things, the Adviser’s assessment of the yield curve, interest rate trends, market conditions and other factors. See “Summary of Fund Expenses.”

 

Assumed Portfolio Total Return (net of expenses)

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

Common Share Total Return

-19.70%

-11.41%

-3.12%

5.17%

13.46%

Common Share total return is comprised of two elements – the Common Share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying interest expenses on the Fund’s Borrowings as described above and dividend payments on any Preferred Shares issued by the Fund) and gain and losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns. As required by the rules of the SEC, the table assumes the Fund is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0%, the Fund must assume that the income it receives on its investment is entirely offset by losses in the value of those securities (including the proceeds from a Reverse Repurchase Agreement).

                                     
Annual Interest Rate [Percent] 4.739%                                      
Annual Interest Rate, Current [Percent] 4.739%                                      
Annual Coverage Return Rate [Percent] 1.88%                                      
Effects of Leverage [Table Text Block]

 

Assumed Portfolio Total Return (net of expenses)

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

Common Share Total Return

-19.70%

-11.41%

-3.12%

5.17%

13.46%

                                     
Return at Minus Ten [Percent] (19.70%)                                      
Return at Minus Five [Percent] (11.41%)                                      
Return at Zero [Percent] (3.12%)                                      
Return at Plus Five [Percent] 5.17%                                      
Return at Plus Ten [Percent] 13.46%                                      
Effects of Leverage, Purpose [Text Block]

The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on Common Share total return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of investments held in the Fund’s portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns expected to be experienced by the Fund. The table assumes leverage in an aggregate amount equal to 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets. See “Principal Risks of the Fund – Leverage Risk.”

If the Fund uses leverage, the amount of fees paid to the Adviser for its services will be higher than if the Fund does not use leverage because the fees paid are calculated on managed assets, which include assets purchased with leverage. Therefore, the Adviser has a financial incentive to use leverage, which creates a conflict of interest between the Adviser and Common Shareholders, as only the Common Shareholders would bear the fees and expenses incurred through the Fund’s use of leverage. The Fund’s willingness to use leverage, and the extent to which leverage is used at any time, will depend on many factors, including among other things, the Adviser’s assessment of the yield curve, interest rate trends, market conditions and other factors. See “Summary of Fund Expenses.”

 

                                     
Share Price [Table Text Block]

Price Range of Common Shares

The following table sets forth, for the quarters indicated, the highest and lowest daily closing prices on the NYSE per Common Share, and the NAV per Common Share and the premium to or discount from NAV, on the date of each of the high and low market prices. The table also sets forth the number of Common Shares traded on the NYSE during the respective quarters.

Quarter Ended

 

NYSE
Market Price
Per Common
Share

 

NAV per Common
Share on Date of
Market Price

 

Premium/
(Discount)
On Date of
Market Price

 

Trading
Volume

High

Low

High

Low

High

Low

November 30, 2022

$17.22

$14.84

 

$18.09

$16.23

 

(4.39%)

(10.14%)

1,846,428

August 31, 2022

$19.75

$17.37

 

$19.02

$17.77

 

4.66%

(3.87%)

1,134,864

May 31, 2022

$20.21

$18.09

 

$20.84

$18.21

 

5.28%

(5.13%)

2,096,833

February 28, 2022

$22.98

$19.70

 

$22.48

$20.63

 

2.96%

(5.06%)

1,562,836

November 30, 2021

$24.45

$22.60

 

$23.15

$22.18

 

7.61%

1.30%

991,903

August 31, 2021

$24.45

$23.65

 

$23.09

$22.60

 

7.14%

3.43%

1,100,513

May 31, 2021

$25.29

$22.97

 

$22.54

$21.93

 

12.90%

4.64%

1,150,539

February 28, 2021

$24.44

$22.25

 

$22.44

$21.77

 

10.49%

0.99%

1,600,598

As of November 30, 2022, the NAV per Common Share of the Fund was $17.22 and the market price per Common Share was $16.19, representing a discount to NAV of 5.96%.

As of November 30, 2022, the Fund has outstanding 10,456,821 Common Shares.

Shares of closed-end investment companies frequently trade at a discount to their net asset value. Because of this possibility and the recognition that any such discount may not be in the best interest of shareholders, the Fund’s Board of Directors might consider from time to time engaging in open market repurchases, tender offers for shares at net asset value or other programs intended to reduce the discount. We cannot guarantee or assure, however, that the Fund’s Board of Directors will decide to engage in any of these actions. Nor is there any guarantee or assurance that such actions, if undertaken, would result in shares trading at a price equal or close to net asset value per share. The Board of Directors may also consider converting the Fund to an open-end fund, which would require a vote of the shareholders of the Fund.

                                     
Market Events Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Market Events Risk. Market disruption can be caused by economic, financial or political events and factors, including but not limited to, international wars or conflicts (including Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine), geopolitical developments (including trading and tariff arrangements, sanctions and cybersecurity attacks), instability in regions such as Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East, terrorism, natural disasters and public health epidemics (including the outbreak of COVID-19 globally).

The extent and duration of such events and resulting market disruptions cannot be predicted, but could be substantial and could magnify the impact of other risks to the Fund. These and other similar events could adversely affect the U.S. and foreign financial markets and lead to increased market volatility, reduced liquidity in the securities markets, significant negative impacts on issuers and the markets for certain securities and commodities and/or government intervention. They may also cause short- or long-term economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries directly affected, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively impacted.

                                     
Preferred Contingent Capital and Other Subordinated Securities Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Preferred, Contingent Capital and Other Subordinated Securities Risk. Preferred, contingent capital and other subordinated securities rank lower than bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure and therefore are subject to greater credit risk than those debt instruments. Distributions on some types of these securities may also be skipped or deferred by issuers without causing a default. Finally, some of these securities typically have special redemption rights that allow the issuer to redeem the security at par earlier than scheduled. If this occurs, the Fund may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding securities.

                                     
Contingent Capital Securities Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Contingent Capital Securities Risk. Contingent capital securities or “CoCos” have features and risks similar to preferred and other income producing securities but also include “loss absorption” or mandatory conversion provisions and restrictions on dividend or interest payments that make the securities more like equity. This is particularly true in the financial sector, the largest preferred issuer segment.

In one version of a CoCo, the security has loss absorption characteristics whereby the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value (even to zero) under certain circumstances. This may occur, for instance, in the event that business losses have eroded capital to a substantial extent. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In addition, an automatic write-down could result in a reduced income rate if the dividend or interest payment is based on the security’s par value. Such securities may, but are not required to, provide for circumstances under which the liquidation value may be adjusted back up to par, such as an improvement in capitalization and/or earnings.

Another version of a CoCo provides for mandatory conversion of the security into common shares of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion might relate, for instance, to maintenance of a capital minimum, whereby falling below the minimum would trigger automatic conversion. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero, and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening the Fund’s standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments also provide for an automatic write-down if the price of the common stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date.

An automatic write-down or conversion event is typically triggered by a reduction in the capital level of the issuer, but may also be triggered by regulatory actions (e.g., a change in capital requirements) or by other factors. In addition, interest or dividend payments may be reduced or eliminated if certain earnings or capital levels are breached.

                                     
Trust Preferred Securities Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Trust Preferred Securities Risk. Some preferred securities are issued by trusts or other special purpose entities established by operating companies and are not a direct obligation of an operating company. In some cases, when investing in hybrid-preferred securities issued by trusts or other special purpose entities, the Fund may not have recourse against the operating company in the event that the trust or other special purpose entity cannot pay the obligation and therefore, the Fund may lose some or all of the value of its investments in the hybrid-preferred security.

                                     
Concentration Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Concentration Risk. The Fund invests at least 25% of its total assets in the financials sector. This policy makes the Fund more susceptible to adverse economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the financials sector.

                                     
Financials Sector Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector is especially subject to the adverse effects of economic recession, currency exchange rates, government regulation, decreases in the availability of capital, volatile interest rates, portfolio concentrations in geographic markets and in commercial and residential real estate loans, and competition from new entrants in their fields of business.

U.S. and foreign laws and regulations require banks and bank holding companies to maintain minimum levels of capital and liquidity and to establish loan loss reserves. A bank’s failure to maintain specified capital ratios may trigger dividend restrictions, suspensions on payments on subordinated debt, preferred securities and contingent capital securities, and limitations on growth. Bank regulators have broad authority in these instances and can ultimately impose sanctions, such as imposing resolution authority, conservatorship or receivership, on such non-complying banks even when these banks continue to be solvent, thereby possibly resulting in the elimination of stockholders’ equity. Unless a bank holding company has subsidiaries other than banks that generate substantial revenues, the holding company’s cash flow and ability to declare dividends may be impaired severely by restrictions on the ability of its bank subsidiaries to declare dividends or ultimately to redeem its securities (as they mature).

Similarly, U.S. and foreign laws and regulations require insurance companies to maintain minimum levels of capital and liquidity. An insurance company’s failure to maintain these capital ratios may also trigger dividend restrictions, suspensions on payments of subordinated debt, and limitations on growth. Insurance regulators (at the state-level in the United States) have broad authority in these instances and can ultimately impose sanctions, including conservatorship or receivership, on such non-complying insurance companies even when these companies continue to be solvent, thereby possibly resulting in the elimination of shareholders’ equity. In addition, insurance regulators have extensive authority in some categories of insurance of approving premium levels and setting required levels of underwriting.

Companies engaged in stock brokerage, commodity brokerage, investment banking, investment management or related investment advisory services are closely tied economically to the securities and commodities markets and can suffer during a decline in either market. These companies also are subject to the regulatory environment and changes in regulations, pricing pressure, the availability of funds to borrow and interest rates.

                                     
Credit Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer of a security will be unable or unwilling to make dividend, interest and principal payments when due and the related risk that the value of a security may decline because of concerns about the issuer’s ability to make such payments. Credit risk may be heightened for the Fund because the Fund may invest in “high yield” or “high risk” securities; such securities, while generally offering higher yields than investment grade securities with similar maturities, involve greater risks, including the possibility of default or bankruptcy, and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay dividends and interest and repay principal.

                                     
High Yield Securities Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

High Yield Securities Risk. Although high yield securities generally pay higher rates of interest than investment grade securities, high yield securities are high-risk investments that may cause income and principal losses for the Fund. High yield securities may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of high yield securities may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade securities. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of high yield bond holders, for example, leaving few or no assets available to repay high yield bond holders. Prices of high yield securities are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of high yield securities than on other higher rated fixed-income securities. Issuers of high yield securities may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing. High yield securities frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from the Fund before it matures. If the issuer redeems high yield securities, the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields and may lose income. High yield securities may be less liquid than higher rated fixed-income securities, even under normal economic conditions. There may be significant differences in the prices quoted for high yield securities by dealers in the market. Because they are less liquid, judgment may play a greater role in valuing certain of the Fund’s securities than is the case with securities trading in a more liquid market. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer. The credit rating of a high yield security does not necessarily address its market value risk. Ratings and market value may change from time to time, positively or negatively, to reflect new developments regarding the issuer.

                                     
Credit Agency Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Credit Agency Risk. Credit ratings are determined by credit rating agencies and are the opinions of such entities. A rating assigned by a rating agency is not an absolute standard of credit quality and does not evaluate a security’s market risk or liquidity. Any shortcomings or inefficiencies in credit rating agencies’ processes for determining credit ratings may adversely affect the credit ratings of securities held by the Fund and, as a result, may adversely affect those securities’ perceived or actual credit risk.

                                     
Interest Rate and Duration Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Interest Rate and Duration Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that securities will decline in value because of changes in market interest rates. For fixed rate securities, when market interest rates rise, the market value of such securities generally will fall. Investments in fixed rate securities with long-term maturities may experience significant price declines if long-term interest rates increase. During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of certain types of securities may be extended because of slower than expected redemptions or prepayments. This may lock in a below- market yield, increase the security’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates (“duration”) and further reduce the value of the security. Fixed rate securities with longer durations tend to be more volatile than securities with shorter durations. The duration of a security will be expected to change over time with changes in market factors and time to maturity.

The market value of floating-rate and fixed-to-floating rate securities may fall in a declining interest rate environment and may also fall in a rising interest rate environment if there is a lag between the rise in interest rates and the interest rate reset. A secondary risk associated with declining interest rates is the risk that income earned by the Fund on floating-rate and fixed-to-floating rate securities may decline due to lower coupon payments on floating-rate securities.

                                     
Liquidity Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest, up to 20% of its total assets, in illiquid securities. From time to time, certain securities held by the Fund may have limited marketability and may be difficult to sell at favorable times or prices. It is possible that certain securities held by the Fund will not be able to be sold in sufficient amounts or in a sufficiently timely manner to raise the cash necessary to meet the Fund’s obligations, including potential repayment of leverage borrowings, if any.

                                     
Foreign Investment Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Foreign Investment Risk. Because the Fund may invest its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by political and economic developments abroad. Foreign markets may be smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in the United States, and as a result, Fund share values may be more volatile. Trading in foreign markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. Foreign legal systems generally have fewer regulatory requirements than the U.S. legal system, particularly those of emerging markets. In general, less information is publicly available with respect to non-U.S. companies than U.S. companies. Non-U.S. companies generally are not subject to the same accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards as are U.S. companies.

                                     
Reinvestment Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Reinvestment Risk. Reinvestment risk is the risk that income from the Fund’s portfolio will decline if the Fund invests proceeds from matured, traded or redeemed securities at market interest rates that are below the Fund portfolio’s current earnings rate. For example, during periods of declining interest rates, the issuer of a security may exercise its option to redeem a security, causing the Fund to reinvest the proceeds into lower-yielding securities, which may result in a decline in the Fund’s income and distributions to Common Shareholders.

                                     
Selection Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Selection Risk. Selection risk is the risk that the securities selected by Fund management will under-perform the markets, the relevant indices or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies.

                                     
Management Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Management Risk. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the Adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies that achieve the Fund’s investment objective. Decisions made by the Adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities.

                                     
Leverage Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Leverage Risk. Leverage is a speculative technique and there are special risks and costs associated with leveraging. There is no assurance that leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for holders of Common Shares, including: the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value, market price and dividend rate of the Common Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage; the risk that fluctuations in the interest or dividend rates that the Fund must pay on any leverage will reduce the return on the holders of the Common Shares; the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the net asset value of the Common Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged, which may result in a greater decline in the market price of the Common Shares; when the Fund uses financial leverage, the management fees payable to the Adviser will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage; and leverage may increase operating costs, which may reduce total return.

                                     
Risk of Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Risk of Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value. Shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at a discount from their net asset value. This characteristic is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that net asset value could decrease as a result of investment activities. We cannot predict whether the Common Shares will trade at, above or below net asset value.

                                     
Valuation Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Valuation Risk. Unlike publicly traded common stock that trades on national exchanges, there is no central place or exchange for trading some of the preferred and other income securities owned by the Fund. Preferred, contingent capital and debt securities generally trade on an OTC market which may be anywhere in the world where the buyer and seller can settle on a price. Due to the lack of centralized information and trading, the valuation of these securities may carry more risk than that of common stock. Uncertainties in the conditions of the financial market, unreliable reference data, lack of transparency and inconsistency of valuation models and processes may lead to inaccurate asset pricing.

                                     
Reference Rate Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Reference Rate Risk. The Fund may be exposed to financial instruments that are tied to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) to determine payment obligations, financing terms, hedging strategies or investment value. The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority announced a phase out of LIBOR such that after June 30, 2023, the overnight, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month and 12-month U.S. dollar LIBOR settings will cease to be published or will no longer be representative. All other LIBOR settings and certain other interbank offered rates, such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (“EONIA”), ceased to be published after December 31, 2021. On December 16, 2022, the Federal Reserve Board adopted regulations implementing the Adjustable Interest Rate Act by identifying benchmark rates based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) that will replace LIBOR in different categories of financial contracts after June 30, 2023. These regulations apply only to LIBOR contracts governed by U.S. law, among other limitations.

Neither the effect of the LIBOR transition process nor its ultimate success can yet be known. Not all existing LIBOR-based instruments may have alternative rate-setting provisions and there remains uncertainty regarding the willingness and ability of issuers to add alternative rate-setting provisions in certain existing instruments. Parties to contracts, securities or other instruments using LIBOR may disagree on transition rates or the application of applicable transition regulation, potentially resulting in uncertainty of performance and the possibility of litigation. The Fund may have investments linked to other interbank offered rates that may also cease to be published in the future.

                                     
Cybersecurity Risk [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Risk [Text Block]

Cybersecurity Risk. Cybersecurity incidents, both intentional and unintentional, may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets, Fund or customer data (including private shareholder information), or proprietary information, cause the Fund, the Adviser, and/or their service providers (including, but not limited to, fund accountants, custodians, sub-custodians, transfer agents and financial intermediaries) to suffer data breaches, data corruption or loss of operational functionality or prevent fund investors from purchasing, redeeming or exchanging shares or receiving distributions. The Fund and the Adviser have limited ability to prevent or mitigate cybersecurity incidents affecting third party service providers, and such third-party service providers may have limited indemnification obligations to the Fund or the Adviser. Cybersecurity incidents may result in financial losses to the Fund and its shareholders, and substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any future cybersecurity incidents. Issuers of securities in which the Fund invests are also subject to cybersecurity risks, and the value of these securities could decline if the issuers experience cybersecurity incidents.

                                     
Common Stock [Member]                                        
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                        
Lowest Price or Bid     $ 14.84 $ 17.37 $ 18.09 $ 19.70 $ 22.60 $ 23.65 $ 22.97 $ 22.25                    
Highest Price or Bid     17.22 19.75 20.21 22.98 24.45 24.45 25.29 24.44                    
Lowest Price or Bid, NAV     16.23 17.77 18.21 20.63 22.18 22.60 21.93 21.77                    
Highest Price or Bid, NAV     $ 18.09 $ 19.02 $ 20.84 $ 22.48 $ 23.15 $ 23.09 $ 22.54 $ 22.44                    
Highest Price or Bid, Premium (Discount) to NAV [Percent]     (4.39%) 4.66% 5.28% 2.96% 7.61% 7.14% 12.90% 10.49%                    
Lowest Price or Bid, Premium (Discount) to NAV [Percent]     (10.14%) (3.87%) (5.13%) (5.06%) 1.30% 3.43% 4.64% 0.99%                    
Latest Share Price   $ 16.19                                    
Latest Premium (Discount) to NAV [Percent]   (5.96%)                                    
Latest NAV   $ 17.22                                    
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract]                                        
Capital Stock [Table Text Block]

5.Common Stock

At November 30, 2022, 240,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value Common Stock were authorized.

The Fund has an effective “shelf” registration statement that allows it to issue shares of Common Stock periodically pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Shelf Registration Statement”). The Shelf Registration Statement permits the Fund to offer and sell Common Stock having an aggregate offering value of up to $75,000,000. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund generally may not sell Common Stock at a price below the current net asset value of

such Common Stock, net of any distributing commission or discount. Accordingly, the Fund may be unable to issue Common Stock from time to time, particularly when the shares of Common Stock are trading at a discount to their net asset value. The Fund is not required to issue Common Stock pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement and may choose not to do so.

The Fund has entered into an at-the-market sales agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Virtu Americas LLC (“Virtu”) under which Virtu acts as the Fund’s agent or principal for the offer and sale of the Common Stock. Virtu is entitled to compensation at a commission rate of up to 1.0% of the gross sales price per share sold under the Sales Agreement.

The aggregate dollar amount of Common Stock available under the Shelf Registration Statement as of November 30, 2022 was $66,763,617.

Common Stock transactions were as follow:

Year Ended
11/30/2022

Year Ended
11/30/2021

 

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Shares

 

Amount

Shares issued under the Dividend Reinvestment
and Cash Purchase Plan

29,655

$599,688

56,532

$1,282,768

Shares Sold through and net proceeds from Shelf Offering

28,948

$556,404

318,750

$7,645,872

Costs incurred by the Fund in connection with the Shelf Registration Statement are recorded as a prepaid expense and included in “Prepaid Expenses” on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. These costs are amortized pro rata as Common Stock is sold and are recognized and presented net as a component of “Increase from shares issued under the at-the-market program” on the Statements of Changes in Net Assets Available to Common Stock. Any deferred offering costs remaining three years after effective date of the Shelf Registration will be expensed. Costs incurred by the Fund to keep the Shelf Registration current are expensed as incurred and recognized as a component of “Expenses: Other” on the Statement of Operations. 

                                     
Outstanding Security, Authorized [Shares]   240,000,000                                    
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares]   10,456,821                                    
Preferred Stock [Member]                                        
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract]                                        
Capital Stock [Table Text Block]

6.Preferred Stock

The Fund’s Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value preferred stock. The Fund does not currently have any issued and outstanding shares of preferred stock.

                                     
Outstanding Security, Authorized [Shares]   10,000,000                                    
Debt [Member]                                        
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                        
Senior Securities Amount [7]                     $ 118,500,000 $ 118,500,000 $ 107,900,000 $ 107,900,000 $ 107,900,000 $ 107,900,000 $ 104,800,000 $ 104,800,000 $ 102,900,000 $ 102,900,000
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit [8]                     $ 2,519 $ 2,946 $ 3,041 $ 3,008 $ 2,763 $ 3,002 $ 2,879 $ 2,924 $ 3,030 $ 2,882
[1] As of November 30, 2022, the Fund had an effective registration statement (“Shelf Registration Statement”) under which it may offer and sell additional Common Shares of the Fund. The maximum sales load for offerings made at-the-market under the Shelf Registration Statement is presently expected to be 1.00% of the offering price.
[2] There is no charge to participants for reinvesting dividends or capital gains distributions. The Fund’s dividend disbursing agent’s (the “Plan Agent”) service fee for handling the reinvestment of such dividends and capital gains distributions will be paid by the Fund. Shareholders will bear a proportionate share of brokerage commissions on all open market purchases. See “Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Plan.”
[3] The Adviser receives a monthly management fee for its advisory services equal to an effective annual rate of 0.55% of the Fund’s average weekly total managed assets assuming the amount of leverage of 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets is used.
[4] For purposes of the Fee Table, the Fund’s net assets have been calculated as managed assets less the principal amount of Borrowings under the Financing Agreement. As of November 30, 2022, the Fund did not have any Preferred Shares outstanding nor is it party to any Reverse Repurchase Agreements.
[5] Interest expense assumes that leverage represents 39.69% of the Fund’s managed assets and is charged at an interest rate pursuant to the Financing Agreement. As of November 30, 2021, the annualized interest rate on the drawn balance was 4.739%.
[6] “Other expenses” are based upon amounts incurred for the fiscal year ending November 30, 2022.
[7] See “Notes to Financial Statements – 7. Committed Financing Agreement.”
[8] Asset Coverage is calculated by subtracting the Fund’s total liabilities (excluding the loan) from the Fund’s total assets and dividing that amount by the loan outstanding in 000’s.