Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements

Financial assets and liabilities are initially recorded at fair value. The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, are carried at cost which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments and are Level 1 assets or liabilities of the fair value hierarchy.

The accounting guidance for fair value provides a framework for measuring fair value, clarifies the definition of fair value and expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. The accounting guidance establishes a three-tiered hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1 ‑ Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 ‑ Inputs are other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (i.e., interest rates, yield curves, etc.), and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).

Level 3 ‑ Inputs are unobservable and reflect the Company’s assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company develops these inputs based on the best information available.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s derivative liability embedded in its Antara Financing Agreement related to the mandatory prepayment feature is measured at fair value using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model and is classified as a Level 3 liability of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of significant unobservable inputs. The liability is presented as an embedded derivative liability on the consolidated balance sheets and is subject to remeasurement to fair value at the end of each reporting period, with the change in fair value recognized as a component of other income (expense) in its consolidated statements of operations. The assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model include: (1) management's estimates of the probability and timing of future cash flows and related events; (2) the Company's risk-adjusted discount rate that includes a company-specific risk premium; and (3) the Company's cost of debt.

The Company's liability-classified warrants issued with an exercise price of $0.01 per share are measured at fair value using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and are classified as a Level 3 liability of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of significant unobservable inputs. The warrant liabilities are presented as current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and are subject to remeasurement to fair value at the end of each reporting period, with the change in fair value recognized as a component of other income (expense) in its consolidated statements of operations. The inputs and assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model include: (1) the Company's stock price; (2) the exercise price of the warrant; (3) the expected term of the warrant; (4) the Company's expected stock price volatility; (5) the Company's expected dividends; and (6) the risk-free interest rate.

The Company's liability-classified warrants issued with an exercise price of greater than $0.01

per share are measured at fair value using the Monte Carlo simulation model and are classified as a Level 3 liability of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of significant unobservable inputs. The warrant liabilities are presented as current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and are subject to remeasurement to fair value at the end of each reporting period, with the change in fair value recognized as a component of other income (expense) or as compensation expense in its consolidated statements of operations. The inputs and assumptions used in the Monte Carlo model include: (1) the Company's stock price; (2) the Company's expected stock price volatility; and (3) the risk-free interest rate.

There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 during the periods presented.

The Company’s obligations under its debt agreements are carried at amortized cost. The fair value of the Company’s obligations under its convertible notes and the Term Loans under the Antara Financing Agreement are considered Level 3 liabilities of the fair value hierarchy because fair value was estimated using significant unobservable inputs. The fair value of the Company’s other debt arrangements are considered Level 2 liabilities of the fair value hierarchy because fair value is estimated using inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the liability such as interest rates and yield curves. The estimated fair value of the Company’s Term Loans under the Antara Financing Agreement was $9.9 million as of March 31, 2022, and its carrying value was $18.4 million as of March 31, 2022. The estimated fair value of the Company’s Term Loans under the Antara Financing Agreement was $9.7 million as of December 31, 2021, and its carrying value was $17.7 million as of December 31, 2021. The carrying value of the Company’s remaining debt obligations approximates fair value, and was $46.6 million and $49.0 million as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.