FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Ciena Reports Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2022 and Year-End Financial Results

HANOVER, Md. - December 8, 2022 - Ciena® Corporation (NYSE: CIEN), a networking systems, services and software company, today announced unaudited financial results for its fiscal fourth quarter ended October 29, 2022.

•Q4 Revenue: $971.0 million

•Q4 Net Income per Share: $0.39 GAAP; $0.61 adjusted (non-GAAP)

•Share Repurchases: Repurchased approximately 154,200 shares of common stock for an aggregate price of $8.0 million during the quarter.

"Our strong fiscal fourth quarter financial results were better than expected as we benefited from some favorable supply chain developments in the second half of the quarter," said Gary Smith, president and CEO of Ciena. "Looking ahead, we expect to deliver outsized revenue growth in fiscal 2023 given our significant backlog and continued signs of gradual supply improvement. And, we remain confident that the durability of secular demand drivers and our strategic investments to expand our addressable market position us to deliver strong revenue growth over the next several years."

For fiscal fourth quarter 2022, Ciena reported revenue of $971.0 million as compared to $1.04 billion for the fiscal fourth quarter 2021. For fiscal year 2022, Ciena reported revenue of $3.63 billion, as compared to $3.62 billion for fiscal year 2021.

Ciena's GAAP net income for the fiscal fourth quarter 2022 was $57.6 million, or $0.39 per diluted common share, which compares to a GAAP net income of $103.5 million, or $0.66 per diluted common share, for the fiscal fourth quarter 2021. For fiscal year 2022, Ciena's GAAP net income was $152.9 million, or $1.00 per diluted common share, as compared to GAAP net income of $500.2 million, or $3.19 per diluted common share, for fiscal year 2021.

Ciena's adjusted (non-GAAP) net income for the fiscal fourth quarter 2022 was $90.9 million, or $0.61 per diluted common share, which compares to an adjusted (non-GAAP) net income of $132.7 million, or $0.85 per diluted common share, for the fiscal fourth quarter 2021. For fiscal year 2022, Ciena's adjusted (non-GAAP) net income was $288.9 million, or $1.90 per diluted common share, as compared to adjusted (non-GAAP) net income of $456.5 million, or $2.91 per diluted common share, for fiscal year 2021.

Performance Summary for Fiscal Fourth Quarter and the Year Ended October 29, 2022
The tables below (in millions, except percentage data) provide comparisons of certain quarterly results to the prior year. Appendices A and B set forth reconciliations between the GAAP and adjusted (non-GAAP) measures contained in this release.
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GAAP Results (unaudited)
Quarter EndedPeriodYear EndedPeriod
October 29,October 30,ChangeOctober 29,October 30,Change
20222021Y-T-Y*20222021Y-T-Y*
Revenue$971.0 $1,041.5 (6.8)%$3,632.7 $3,620.7 0.3 %
Gross margin44.7 %45.8 %(1.1)%43.0 %47.6 %(4.6)%
Operating expense$356.3 $339.7 4.9 %$1,337.5 $1,226.6 9.0 %
Operating margin8.0 %13.2 %(5.2)%6.1 %13.7 %(7.6)%
Non-GAAP Results (unaudited)
Quarter EndedPeriodYear EndedPeriod
October 29,October 30,ChangeOctober 29,October 30,Change
20222021Y-T-Y*20222021Y-T-Y*
Revenue$971.0 $1,041.5 (6.8)%$3,632.7 $3,620.7 0.3 %
Adj. gross margin45.2 %46.3 %(1.1)%43.6 %47.9 %(4.3)%
Adj. operating expense$312.8 $307.1 1.9 %$1,177.0 $1,129.3 4.2 %
Adj. operating margin13.0 %16.8 %(3.8)%11.2 %16.8 %(5.6)%
Adj. EBITDA$153.5 $199.2 (22.9)%$502.4 $702.8 (28.5)%
* Denotes % change, or in the case of margin, absolute change
Revenue by Segment (unaudited)
Quarter Ended
October 29, 2022October 30, 2021
Revenue%**Revenue%**
Networking Platforms
Converged Packet Optical$649.9 66.9 $754.6 72.5 
Routing and Switching102.8 10.6 74.2 7.1 
Total Networking Platforms752.7 77.5 828.8 79.6 
Platform Software and Services71.6 7.4 66.1 6.3 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services21.2 2.2 19.8 1.9 
Global Services
Maintenance Support and Training73.1 7.5 71.3 6.9 
Installation and Deployment36.9 3.8 47.2 4.5 
Consulting and Network Design15.5 1.6 8.3 0.8 
Total Global Services125.5 12.9 126.8 12.2 
Total$971.0 100.0 $1,041.5 100.0 
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Revenue by Segment (unaudited)
Year Ended
October 29, 2022October 30, 2021
Revenue%**Revenue%**
Networking Platforms
Converged Packet Optical$2,380.0 65.5 $2,553.5 70.5 
Routing and Switching398.4 11.0 271.8 7.5 
Total Networking Platforms2,778.4 76.5 2,825.3 78.0 
Platform Software and Services277.2 7.6 229.6 6.4 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services76.6 2.1 77.2 2.1 
Global Services
Maintenance Support and Training292.4 8.1 283.4 7.8 
Installation and Deployment157.4 4.3 171.5 4.7 
Consulting and Network Design50.7 1.4 33.7 1.0 
Total Global Services500.5 13.8 488.6 13.5 
Total$3,632.7 100.0 $3,620.7 100.0 

** Denotes % of total revenue
Additional Performance Metrics for Fiscal Fourth Quarter and Year Ended October 29, 2022
Revenue by Geographic Region (unaudited)
Quarter Ended
October 29, 2022October 30, 2021
Revenue% **Revenue% **
Americas$723.5 74.5 $748.7 71.9 
Europe, Middle East and Africa135.1 13.9 170.8 16.4 
Asia Pacific112.4 11.6 122.0 11.7 
Total$971.0 100.0 $1,041.5 100.0 

Revenue by Geographic Region (unaudited)
Year Ended
October 29, 2022October 30, 2021
Revenue% **Revenue% **
Americas$2,636.9 72.6 $2,525.6 69.8 
Europe, Middle East and Africa555.2 15.3 670.5 18.5 
Asia Pacific440.6 12.1 424.6 11.7 
Total$3,632.7 100.0 $3,620.7 100.0 
** Denotes % of total revenue
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•Two customers each represented 10%-plus of revenue for the fiscal fourth quarter and fiscal year 2022, combining for a total of 25.6% of revenue for the fiscal fourth quarter and 23.0% of revenue for the fiscal year 2022
•Cash and investments at the end of fiscal year 2022 totaled $1.2 billion
•Cash flow used in operations totaled $14.5 million and $167.8 million for the fiscal fourth quarter and the fiscal year 2022, respectively
•Average days' sales outstanding (DSOs) were 100 and 107 for the fiscal fourth quarter and the fiscal year 2022, respectively
•Accounts receivable, net balance was $920.8 million
•Unbilled contract asset, net balance was $156.0 million
•Inventories totaled $946.7 million, including:
◦Raw materials: $664.9 million
◦Work in process: $18.2 million
◦Finished goods: $258.6 million
◦Deferred cost of sales: $41.1 million
◦Reserve for excess and obsolescence: $(36.1) million
•Product inventory turns were 1.9 and 1.8 for the fiscal fourth quarter and the fiscal year 2022, respectively
•Headcount totaled 8,079 at the end of fiscal year 2022

Supplemental Materials and Live Web Broadcast of Unaudited Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2022 Results
Today, Thursday, December 08, 2022, in conjunction with this announcement, Ciena has posted to the Quarterly Results page of the Investor Relations section of its website certain related supporting materials for its unaudited fiscal fourth quarter and fiscal year 2022 results.

Ciena's management will also host a discussion today with investors and financial analysts that will include the Company's outlook. The live audio web broadcast beginning at 8:30 a.m. Eastern will be accessible via www.ciena.com. An archived replay of the live broadcast will be available shortly following its conclusion on the Investor Relations page of Ciena's website.

Notes to Investors

Forward-Looking Statements. You are encouraged to review the Investors section of our website, where we routinely post press releases, Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") filings, recent news, financial results, supplemental financial information, and other announcements. From time to time we exclusively post material information to this website along with other disclosure channels that we use. This press release contains certain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. These statements are based on current expectations, forecasts, assumptions and other information available to the Company as of the date hereof. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding Ciena's expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future and can be identified by forward-looking words such as "anticipate," "believe," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "should," "will," and "would" or similar words. Forward-looking statements in this release include: "Our strong fiscal fourth quarter financial results were better than expected as we benefited from some favorable supply chain developments in the second half of the quarter," said Gary Smith, president and CEO of Ciena. "Looking ahead, we expect to deliver outsized revenue growth in fiscal 2023 given our significant backlog and continued signs of gradual supply improvement. And, we remain confident that the durability of secular demand drivers and our strategic investments to expand our addressable market position us to deliver strong revenue growth over the next several years."

Ciena's actual results, performance or events may differ materially from these forward-looking statements made or implied due to a number of risks and uncertainties relating to Ciena's business, including: the effect of broader
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economic and market conditions on our customers and their business; our ability to execute our business and growth strategies; the impact of supply chain constraints or disruptions; the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of countermeasures taken to mitigate its spread on macroeconomic conditions, economic activity, demand for our technology solutions, short- and long-term changes in customer or end user needs, continuity of supply chain, our business operations, liquidity and financial results; changes in network spending or network strategy by our customers; seasonality and the timing and size of customer orders, including our ability to recognize revenue relating to such sales; the level of competitive pressure we encounter; the product, customer and geographic mix of sales within the period; changes in foreign currency exchange rates; factors beyond our control such as natural disasters, climate change, acts of war or terrorism, geopolitical events, including but not limited to the ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia, and public health emergencies; changes in tax or trade regulations, including the imposition of tariffs, duties or efforts to withdraw from or materially modify international trade agreements; and the other risk factors disclosed in Ciena’s periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) including its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on September 7, 2022 and its Annual report on Form 10-K to be filed with the SEC. Ciena assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking information included in this press release.

Non-GAAP Presentation of Quarterly and Annual Results. This release includes non-GAAP measures of Ciena's gross profit, operating expense, income from operations, earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA), Adjusted EBITDA, and measures of net income and net income per share. In evaluating the operating performance of Ciena's business, management excludes certain charges and credits that are required by GAAP. These items share one or more of the following characteristics: they are unusual and Ciena does not expect them to recur in the ordinary course of its business; they do not involve the expenditure of cash; they are unrelated to the ongoing operation of the business in the ordinary course; or their magnitude and timing is largely outside of Ciena's control. Management believes that the non-GAAP measures below provide management and investors useful information and meaningful insight to the operating performance of the business. The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to Ciena's GAAP results and these measures are not intended to be a substitute for the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. Ciena's non-GAAP measures and the related adjustments may differ from non-GAAP measures used by other companies and should only be used to evaluate Ciena's results of operations in conjunction with our corresponding GAAP results. To the extent not previously disclosed in a prior Ciena financial results press release, Appendices A and B to this press release set forth a complete GAAP to non-GAAP reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures contained in this release.

About Ciena. Ciena (NYSE: CIEN) is a networking systems, services and software company. We provide solutions that help our customers create the Adaptive Network™ in response to the constantly changing demands of their users. By delivering best-in-class networking technology through high-touch consultative relationships, we build the world’s most agile networks with automation, openness and scale. For updates on Ciena, follow us on Twitter @Ciena, LinkedIn, the Ciena Insights blog, or visit www.ciena.com.
 

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CIENA CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
Quarter EndedYear Ended
 October 29,October 30,October 29,October 30,
 2022202120222021
Revenue:  
Products$779,609 $860,925 $2,888,848 $2,932,602 
Services191,401 180,561 743,813 688,082 
Total revenue971,010 1,041,486 3,632,661 3,620,684 
Cost of goods sold:  
Products440,253 470,334 1,699,631 1,545,269 
Services97,160 94,033 372,686 353,436 
Total cost of goods sold537,413 564,367 2,072,317 1,898,705 
Gross profit433,597 477,119 1,560,344 1,721,979 
Operating expenses:  
Research and development166,898 147,454 624,656 536,666 
Selling and marketing121,865 129,625 466,565 452,214 
General and administrative48,191 49,383 179,382 181,874 
Significant asset impairments and restructuring costs13,621 5,700 33,824 29,565 
Amortization of intangible assets5,754 5,836 32,511 23,732 
Acquisition and integration costs — 1,712 598 2,572 
Total operating expenses356,329 339,710 1,337,536 1,226,623 
Income from operations77,268 137,409 222,808 495,356 
Interest and other income (loss), net1,887 (168)6,747 (1,768)
Interest expense(13,775)(7,916)(47,050)(30,837)
Income before income taxes65,380 129,325 182,505 462,751 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes7,735 25,826 29,603 (37,445)
Net income$57,645 $103,499 $152,902 $500,196 
Net Income per Common Share
Basic net income per common share$0.39 $0.67 $1.01 $3.22 
Diluted net income per potential common share $0.39 $0.66 $1.00 $3.19 
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding148,548 155,232 151,208 155,279 
Weighted average dilutive potential common shares outstanding 1
149,111 156,689 152,193 156,743 

1 Weighted average dilutive potential common shares outstanding used in calculating GAAP diluted net income per potential common share includes the following number of shares underlying certain stock option and stock unit awards: (i) 0.6 million and 1.0 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2022, respectively; and (ii) 1.5 million shares for each of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2021.

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CIENA CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)
October 29,
2022		October 30,
2021
ASSETS 
Current assets: 
Cash and cash equivalents$994,352 $1,422,546 
Short-term investments153,989 181,483 
Accounts receivable, net920,772 884,958 
Inventories946,730 374,265 
Prepaid expenses and other370,053 325,654 
Total current assets3,385,896 3,188,906 
Long-term investments35,385 70,038 
Equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, net267,779 284,968 
Operating lease right-of-use assets45,108 44,285 
Goodwill328,322 311,645 
Other intangible assets, net69,517 65,314 
Deferred tax asset, net824,008 800,180 
Other long-term assets113,617 99,891 
Total assets$5,069,632 $4,865,227 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
Current liabilities: 
Accounts payable$516,047 $356,176 
Accrued liabilities and other short-term obligations360,782 409,285 
Deferred revenue137,899 118,007 
Operating lease liabilities18,925 18,632 
Current portion of long-term debt6,930 6,930 
Total current liabilities1,040,583 909,030 
Long-term deferred revenue62,336 57,457 
Other long-term obligations150,335 166,803 
Long-term operating lease liabilities42,392 41,564 
Long-term debt, net1,061,125 670,355 
Total liabilities$2,356,771 $1,845,209 
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock – par value $0.01; 20,000,000 shares authorized; zero shares issued and outstanding
— — 
Common stock – par value $0.01; 290,000,000 shares authorized; 148,412,943 and 154,858,981 shares issued and outstanding
1,484 1,549 
Additional paid-in capital6,390,252 6,803,162 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(46,645)439 
Accumulated deficit(3,632,230)(3,785,132)
Total stockholders’ equity2,712,861 3,020,018 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$5,069,632 $4,865,227 
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CIENA CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands) (unaudited)
Year Ended
 October 29,October 30,
 20222021
Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities: 
Net income$152,902 $500,196 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: 
Depreciation of equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, and amortization of leasehold improvements95,922 96,233 
Share-based compensation expense105,131 84,336 
Amortization of intangible assets44,281 36,033 
Deferred taxes(27,502)(156,469)
Provision for inventory excess and obsolescence16,184 17,850 
Provision for warranty17,440 17,093 
Other— 14,525 
Changes in assets and liabilities: 
Accounts receivable(47,069)(174,377)
Inventories(589,113)(47,567)
Prepaid expenses and other(58,996)(19,691)
Operating lease right-of-use assets16,453 16,632 
Accounts payable, accruals and other obligations100,327 162,134 
Deferred revenue26,380 16,822 
Short and long-term operating lease liabilities(20,096)(22,104)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(167,756)541,646 
Cash flows used in investing activities: 
Payments for equipment, furniture, fixtures and intellectual property(90,818)(79,550)
Purchase of available for sale securities(643,971)(172,778)
Proceeds from maturities of available for sale securities698,642 152,253 
Settlement of foreign currency forward contracts, net4,942 4,680 
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired(62,043)— 
Purchase of cost method equity investments(8,000)— 
Proceeds from sale of cost method equity investments— 4,678 
Net cash used in investing activities(101,248)(90,717)
Cash flows used in financing activities: 
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes400,000 — 
Payment of long term debt(5,197)(6,929)
Payment of debt issuance costs(5,484)— 
Payment of finance lease obligations(3,468)(3,004)
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of stock unit awards(48,454)(44,071)
Repurchases of common stock - repurchase program(500,800)(91,288)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock30,348 28,457 
Net cash used in financing activities(133,055)(116,835)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(26,167)(198)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(428,226)333,896 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period1,422,604 1,088,708 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$994,378 $1,422,604 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information 
Cash paid during the period for interest$42,812 $29,864 
Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net$34,967 $73,127 
Operating lease payments$21,661 $24,058 
Non-cash investing and financing activities
Purchase of equipment in accounts payable$12,373 $10,138 
Repurchase of common stock in accrued liabilities from repurchase program$— $800 
Operating right-of-use assets subject to lease liability $23,242 $4,356 
Unrealized gain on equity investment$4,120 $— 
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APPENDIX A - Reconciliation of Adjusted (Non- GAAP) Measurements
(in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
Quarter EndedYear Ended
October 29,October 30,October 29,October 30,
2022202120222021
Gross Profit Reconciliation (GAAP/non-GAAP)
GAAP gross profit$433,597 $477,119 $1,560,344 $1,721,979 
Share-based compensation-products907 920 3,867 3,408 
Share-based compensation-services2,066 1,240 7,533 5,181 
Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy-products— — — (4,283)
Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy-services— — — (2,667)
Amortization of intangible assets2,005 2,856 11,770 12,301 
Total adjustments related to gross profit4,978 5,016 23,170 13,940 
Adjusted (non-GAAP) gross profit$438,575 $482,135 $1,583,514 $1,735,919 
Adjusted (non-GAAP) gross profit percentage45.2 %46.3 %43.6 %47.9 %
Operating Expense Reconciliation (GAAP/non-GAAP)
GAAP operating expense$356,329 $339,710 $1,337,536 $1,226,623 
Share-based compensation-research and development8,507 5,684 31,879 21,863 
Share-based compensation-sales and marketing8,084 6,192 31,280 25,152 
Share-based compensation-general and administrative7,610 7,466 30,435 28,804 
Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy-research and development— — — (29,519)
Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy-sales and marketing— — — (2,604)
Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy-general and administrative— — — (2,207)
Significant asset impairments and restructuring costs13,621 5,700 33,824 29,565 
Amortization of intangible assets5,754 5,836 32,511 23,732 
Acquisition and integration costs— 1,712 598 2,572 
Total adjustments related to operating expense43,576 32,590 160,527 97,358 
Adjusted (non-GAAP) operating expense$312,753 $307,120 $1,177,009 $1,129,265 
Income from Operations Reconciliation (GAAP/non-GAAP)
GAAP income from operations$77,268 $137,409 $222,808 $495,356 
Total adjustments related to gross profit4,978 5,016 23,170 13,940 
Total adjustments related to operating expense43,576 32,590 160,527 97,358 
Total adjustments related to income from operations48,554 37,606 183,697 111,298 
Adjusted (non-GAAP) income from operations$125,822 $175,015 $406,505 $606,654 
Adjusted (non-GAAP) operating margin percentage13.0 %16.8 %11.2 %16.8 %
Net Income Reconciliation (GAAP/non-GAAP)
GAAP net income$57,645 $103,499 $152,902 $500,196 
Exclude GAAP provision (benefit) for income taxes7,735 25,826 29,603 (37,445)
Income before income taxes65,380 129,325 182,505 462,751 
Total adjustments related to income from operations48,554 37,606 183,697 111,298 
Unrealized (gain) loss on cost method equity investment— — (4,120)165 
Adjusted income before income taxes113,934 166,931 362,082 574,214 
Non-GAAP tax provision on adjusted income before income taxes23,015 34,221 73,141 117,714 
Adjusted (non-GAAP) net income$90,919 $132,710 $288,941 $456,500 
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APPENDIX A - Reconciliation of Adjusted (Non- GAAP) Measurements
(in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
Quarter EndedYear Ended
October 29,October 30,October 29,October 30,
2022202120222021
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding148,548155,232151,208155,279
Weighted average dilutive potential common shares outstanding 1
149,111156,689152,193156,743
Net Income per Common Share
GAAP diluted net income per potential common share$0.39 $0.66 $1.00 $3.19 
Adjusted (non-GAAP) diluted net income per potential common share$0.61 $0.85 $1.90 $2.91 

1 Weighted average dilutive potential common shares outstanding used in calculating Adjusted (non-GAAP) diluted net income per potential common share includes the following number of shares underlying certain stock option and stock unit awards: (i) 0.6 million and 1.0 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2022, respectively; and (ii) 1.5 million each for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2021.
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APPENDIX B - Calculation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)
(in thousands) (unaudited)
Quarter EndedYear Ended
October 29,October 30,October 29,October 30,
2022202120222021
Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA)
Net income (GAAP)$57,645 $103,499 $152,902 $500,196 
Add: Interest expense13,775 7,916 47,050 30,837 
Less: Interest and other income (loss), net1,887 (168)6,747 (1,768)
Add: Provision (benefit) for income taxes7,735 25,826 29,603 (37,445)
Add: Depreciation of equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, and amortization of leasehold improvements27,642 24,315 95,922 96,233 
Add: Amortization of intangible assets7,759 8,692 44,281 36,033 
EBITDA$112,669 $170,416 $363,011 $627,622 
Less: Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy— — — 41,280 
Add: Share-based compensation cost 27,174 21,366 104,994 84,336 
Add: Significant asset impairments and restructuring costs13,621 5,700 33,824 29,565 
Add: Acquisition and integration costs— 1,712 598 2,572 
Adjusted EBITDA$153,464 $199,194 $502,427 $702,815 
* * *
The adjusted (non-GAAP) measures above and their reconciliation to Ciena's GAAP results for the periods presented reflect adjustments relating to the following items:
•Share-based compensation - a non-cash expense incurred in accordance with share-based compensation accounting guidance.
•Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy - a program introduced by the Government of Canada to offset a portion of employee wages for a limited period in response to COVID-19 outbreak.
•Significant asset impairments and restructuring costs - costs incurred as a result of restructuring activities taken to align resources with perceived market opportunities, the redesign of business processes and, in fiscal 2022, a $3.8 million impairment charge due to Ciena's decision to suspend its business operations in Russia in response to the conflict in Ukraine.
•Amortization of intangible assets - a non-cash expense arising from the acquisition of intangible assets, principally developed technologies and customer-related intangibles, that Ciena is required to amortize over its expected useful life.
•Acquisition and integration costs  - includes financial, legal and accounting advisor expenses related to our acquisition activity in fiscal 2022. Acquisition and integration costs for fiscal 2021 include costs of acquisition compensation associated with a three-year earn-out arrangement related to the DonRiver acquisition in fiscal 2018.
•Unrealized (gain)loss on cost method equity investment - reflects a change in the carrying value of a certain cost method equity investment.
•Non-GAAP tax provision - consists of current and deferred income tax expense commensurate with the level of adjusted income before income taxes and utilizes a current, blended U.S. and foreign statutory annual tax rate of 20.2% for fiscal quarter 2022 and 20.5% for fiscal quarter 2021. This rate may be subject to change in the future, including as a result of changes in tax policy or tax strategy.
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