Filed Pursuant to Rule 433
Registration Statement No. 333-259205




The information in this preliminary terms supplement is not complete and may be changed.
 

Preliminary Terms Supplement
Subject to Completion:
Dated December 5, 2022
Pricing Supplement Dated December __, 2022 to the Prospectus dated
September 14, 2021, the Prospectus Supplement dated September 14,
2021, and the Product Prospectus Supplement dated March 3, 2022

$
Buffered Enhanced Return Notes
Linked to the Financial Select Sector SPDR® Fund,
Due December 27, 2024
Royal Bank of Canada




Royal Bank of Canada is offering Buffered Enhanced Return Notes (the “Notes”) linked to the performance of the Financial Select Sector SPDR® Fund (the “Reference Asset”).
Reference Asset

Initial Price*

Buffer Price
Financial Select Sector SPDR® Fund (“XLF”)



90% of its Initial Price
* The Initial Price will be the closing share price of the Reference Asset on the Trade Date.

If the Final Price of the Reference Asset is greater than the Initial Price, the Notes will pay at maturity a return equal to 200% of the Percentage Change, subject to a Maximum Redemption Amount of 130% of the principal amount of the Notes.

If the Final Price is less than or equal to the Initial Price, but greater than or equal to the Buffer Price, the Notes will pay the principal amount at maturity.

If the Final Price is less than the Buffer Price, investors will lose 1% of the principal amount for each 1% that the Final Price has decreased by more than 10% from the Initial Price.

Any payments on the Notes are subject to our credit risk.

The Notes do not pay interest.

The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange.
Issue Date: December 27, 2022
Maturity Date: December 27, 2024
CUSIP: 78016HFJ4
Investing in the Notes involves a number of risks. See “Selected Risk Considerations” beginning on page P-7 of this terms supplement, “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” beginning on page PS-6 of the product prospectus supplement dated March 3, 2022, and “Risk Factors” on page S-2 of the prospectus supplement dated September 14, 2021.
The Notes will not constitute deposits insured by the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation, the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other Canadian or U.S. government agency or instrumentality.
The Notes are not subject to conversion into our common shares under subsection 39.2(2.3) of the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation Act.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the Notes or determined that this terms supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Per Note
 
 Total
Price to public (1)
100.00%
 
$
Underwriting discounts and commissions (1)
2.00%
 
$
Proceeds to Royal Bank of Canada
98.00%
 
$
(1) If the Notes priced on the date of this terms supplement, RBC Capital Markets, LLC ("RBCCM"), acting as our agent, would receive a commission of approximately $20.00 per $1,000 in principal amount of the Notes and would use a portion of that commission to allow selling concessions to other dealers of up to approximately $20.00 per $1,000 in principal amount of the Notes. The other dealers may forgo, in their sole discretion, some or all of their selling concessions. In addition, we or one of our affiliates will pay a selected dealer a structuring fee of $4.50 per $1,000 in principal amount of the Notes. See "Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)" below.
The initial estimated value of the Notes as of the Trade Date is expected to be between $916.76 and $966.76 per $1,000 in principal amount, and will be less than the price to public. The final pricing supplement relating to the Notes will set forth our estimate of the initial value of the Notes as of the Trade Date. The actual value of the Notes at any time will reflect many factors, cannot be predicted with accuracy, and may be less than this amount. We describe our determination of the initial estimated value in more detail below.
RBC Capital Markets, LLC



 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

SUMMARY
The information in this “Summary” section is qualified by the more detailed information set forth in this terms supplement, the product prospectus supplement, the prospectus supplement, and the prospectus.

Issuer:
Royal Bank of Canada (“Royal Bank”)

Underwriter:
RBC Capital Markets, LLC (“RBCCM”)

Reference Asset:
Financial Select Sector SPDR® Fund (XLF)

Minimum Investment:
$1,000 and minimum denominations of $1,000 in excess thereof

Trade Date (Pricing
Date):
December 21, 2022

Issue Date:
December 27, 2022

Valuation Date:
December 23, 2024

Maturity Date:
December 27, 2024, subject to extension for market and other disruptions, as described in the product prospectus supplement dated March 3, 2022.

Payment at Maturity
(if held to maturity):
If the Final Price is greater than the Initial Price (that is, the Percentage Change is positive), then the investor will receive an amount per $1,000 principal amount per Note equal to the lesser of:
1.            Principal Amount + [Principal Amount x (Percentage Change x Leverage Factor)] and
2.            the Maximum Redemption Amount
If the Final Price is less than or equal to the Initial Price, but is greater than or equal to the Buffer Price (that is, the Percentage Change is between 0% and -10.00%), then the investor will receive the principal amount only.
If the Final Price is less than the Buffer Price (that is, the Percentage Change is between -10.01% and -100%), then the investor will receive a cash payment equal to:
Principal Amount + [Principal Amount x (Percentage Change + Buffer Percentage)]
In this case, you will lose some or a significant portion of the principal amount.

Percentage Change:
The Percentage Change, expressed as a percentage, is calculated using the following formula:




Initial Price:
The closing share price of the Reference Asset on the Trade Date.

Final Price:
The closing share price of the Reference Asset on the Valuation Date.

Leverage Factor:
200% (subject to the Maximum Redemption Amount)

Maximum
Redemption Amount:
130% multiplied by the principal amount ($1,300 per $1,000 in principal amount)

Buffer Percentage:
10%

Buffer Price:
90% of the Initial Price

Principal at Risk:
The Notes are NOT principal protected. You may lose a substantial portion of your principal amount at maturity if the Final Price is less than the Buffer Price.

P-2
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes


Calculation Agent:
RBCCM

U.S. Tax Treatment:
By purchasing a Note, each holder agrees (in the absence of a change in law, an administrative determination or a judicial ruling to the contrary) to treat the Notes as a pre-paid cash-settled derivative contract for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in the Notes are uncertain and the Internal Revenue Service could assert that the Notes should be taxed in a manner that is different from that described in the preceding sentence. Please see the section below, “Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences,” and the discussion (including the opinion of Ashurst LLP, our special U.S. tax counsel) in the product prospectus supplement dated March 3, 2022 under “Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences,” which apply to the Notes.

Secondary Market:
RBCCM (or one of its affiliates), though not obligated to do so, may maintain a secondary market in the Notes after the issue date. The amount that you may receive upon sale of your Notes prior to maturity may be less than the principal amount of your Notes.

Listing:
The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange.

Clearance and
Settlement:
DTC global (including through its indirect participants Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg as described under “Ownership and Book-Entry Issuance” in the prospectus dated September 14, 2021).

Terms Incorporated
in the Master Note:
All of the terms appearing on the cover page and above the item captioned “Secondary Market” on pages P-2 and P-3 of this terms supplement, and the applicable terms appearing under the captions “General Terms of the Notes” and “Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” in the product prospectus supplement dated March 3, 2022, as modified by this terms supplement.

The Trade Date, issue date and other dates set forth above are subject to change, and will be set forth in the final pricing supplement relating to the Notes.

P-3
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

ADDITIONAL TERMS OF YOUR NOTES
You should read this terms supplement together with the prospectus dated September 14, 2021, as supplemented by the prospectus supplement dated September 14, 2021 and the product prospectus supplement dated March 3, 2022, relating to our Senior Global Medium-Term Notes, Series I, of which these Notes are a part. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this terms supplement will have the meanings given to them in the product prospectus supplement. In the event of any conflict, this terms supplement will control. The Notes vary from the terms described in the product prospectus supplement in several important ways. You should read this terms supplement carefully.
This terms supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the Notes and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, brochures or other educational materials of ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in “Risk Factors” in the prospectus supplement dated September 14, 2021 and “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” in the product prospectus supplement dated March 3, 2022, as the Notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisors before you invest in the Notes. You may access these documents on the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if that address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
Prospectus dated September 14, 2021:
https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1000275/000121465921009470/rbc911212424b3.htm
Prospectus Supplement dated September 14, 2021:
https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1000275/000121465921009472/rbcsupp911210424b3.htm
Product Prospectus Supplement ERN-ETF-1 dated March 3, 2022:
https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1000275/000114036122007839/brhc10034774_424b5.htm

Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1000275. As used in this terms supplement, “we,” “us,” or “our” refers to Royal Bank of Canada.
Royal Bank of Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for the offering to which this terms supplement relates.  Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to this offering that we have filed with the SEC for more complete information about us and this offering.  You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC website at www.sec.gov.  Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in this offering will arrange to send you the product prospectus supplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.

P-4
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

HYPOTHETICAL RETURNS
The examples set out below are included for illustration purposes only. The hypothetical Percentage Changes of the Reference Asset used to illustrate the calculation of the Payment at Maturity (rounded to two decimal places) are not estimates or forecasts of the Initial Price, the Final Price or the share price of the Reference Asset on any trading day prior to the Maturity Date. All examples are based on the Buffer Percentage of 10%, resulting in a Buffer Price of 90% of the Initial Price, the Leverage Factor of 200%, the Maximum Redemption Amount of 130% of the principal amount, and assume that a holder purchased Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $1,000 and that no market disruption event occurs on the Valuation Date.
Example 1 —
Calculation of the Payment at Maturity where the Percentage Change is positive.

Percentage Change:
2%

Payment at Maturity:
$1,000 + [$1,000 x (2% x 200%)] = $1,000 + $40 = $1,040

On a $1,000 investment, a 2% Percentage Change results in a Payment at Maturity of $1,040, a 4% return on the Notes.

Example 2 —
Calculation of the Payment at Maturity where the Percentage Change is positive (and the Payment at Maturity is subject to the Maximum Redemption Amount).

Percentage Change:
35%

Payment at Maturity:
$1,000 + ($1,000 x 35% x 200%) = $1,000 + $700 = $1,700
However, the Maximum Redemption Amount is $1,300. Accordingly, you will receive a payment at maturity equal to $1,300 per $1,000 in principal amount of the Notes.

On a $1,000 investment, a 35% Percentage Change results in a Payment at Maturity of $1,300, a 30% return on the Notes.

Example 3 —
Calculation of the Payment at Maturity where the Percentage Change is negative (but not by more than the Buffer Percentage).

Percentage Change:
-8%

Payment at Maturity:
At maturity, if the Percentage Change is negative BUT not by more than the Buffer Percentage, then the Payment at Maturity will equal the principal amount.

On a $1,000 investment, a -8% Percentage Change results in a Payment at Maturity of $1,000, a 0% return on the Notes.

Example 4 —
Calculation of the Payment at Maturity where the Percentage Change is negative (by more than the Buffer Percentage).

Percentage Change:
-35%

Payment at Maturity:
$1,000 + [$1,000 x (-35% + 10%)] = $1,000 - $250 = $750

On a $1,000 investment, a -35% Percentage Change results in a Payment at Maturity of $750, a -25% return on the Notes.

P-5
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

The table set forth below is included for illustration purposes only. The table illustrates the hypothetical payments at maturity for a hypothetical range of performance for the Reference Asset, based on the Leverage Factor of 200%, the Buffer Percentage of 10% and the Maximum Redemption Amount of 130% of the principal amount.
Hypothetical Percentage Changes are shown in the first column on the left. The second column shows the corresponding Redemption Amount for these Percentage Changes, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount of the Notes. The third column shows the Redemption Amount to be paid on the Notes per $1,000 in principal amount.

Hypothetical Percentage
Change
Redemption Amount as
Percentage of Principal Amount
Redemption Amount
per $1,000 in Principal
Amount
40.00%
130.00%
$1,300.00
30.00%
 130.00%
$1,300.00
20.00%
130.00%
$1,300.00
15.00%
130.00%
$1,300.00
10.00%
120.00%
$1,200.00
5.00%
 110.00%
 $1,100.00
2.00%
104.00%
 $1,040.00
0.00%
100.00%
$1,000.00
-5.00%
100.00%
$1,000.00
-10.00%
100.00%
$1,000.00
-20.00%
90.00%
$900.00
-30.00%
80.00%
$800.00
-40.00%
70.00%
$700.00
-50.00%
60.00%
$600.00
-60.00%
50.00%
$500.00
-70.00%
40.00%
$400.00
-80.00%
 30.00%
 $300.00
-90.00%
20.00%
$200.00
-100.00%
10.00%
$100.00

P-6
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

SELECTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS
An investment in the Notes involves significant risks.  Investing in the Notes is not equivalent to investing directly in the Reference Asset. These risks are explained in more detail in the section “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes” in the product prospectus supplement. In addition to the risks described in the prospectus supplement and the product prospectus supplement, you should consider the following:
Risks Relating to the Terms of the Notes

You May Receive Less Than the Principal Amount at Maturity — Investors in the Notes could lose a substantial portion of their principal amount if there is a decline in the share price of the Reference Asset. You will lose 1% of the principal amount of the Notes for each 1% that the Final Price is less than the Initial Price by more than 10%.

The Notes Do Not Pay Interest and Your Return May Be Lower than the Return on a Conventional Debt Security of Comparable Maturity — There will be no periodic interest payments on the Notes as there would be on a conventional fixed-rate or floating-rate debt security having the same maturity. The return that you will receive on the Notes, which could be negative, may be less than the return you could earn on other investments. Even if your return is positive, your return may be less than the return you would earn if you purchased one of our conventional senior interest bearing debt securities.

Your Potential Payment at Maturity Is Limited — The Notes will provide less opportunity to participate in the appreciation of the Reference Asset than an investment in a security linked to the Reference Asset providing full participation in the appreciation, because the payment at maturity will not exceed the Maximum Redemption Amount. Accordingly, your return on the Notes may be less than your return would be if you made an investment in a security directly linked to the positive performance of the Reference Asset.

Payments on the Notes Are Subject to Our Credit Risk, and Changes in Our Credit Ratings Are Expected to Affect the Market Value of the Notes — The Notes are our senior unsecured debt securities. As a result, your receipt of the amount due on the maturity date is dependent upon our ability to repay our obligations at that time. This will be the case even if the share price of the Reference Asset increases after the Trade Date. No assurance can be given as to what our financial condition will be at the maturity of the Notes.

You Will Not Have Any Rights to the Securities Included in the Reference Asset — As a holder of the Notes, you will not have voting rights or rights to receive cash dividends or other distributions or other rights that holders of securities included in the Reference Asset would have. The Final Price will not reflect any dividends paid on the securities included in the Reference Asset, and accordingly, any positive return on the Notes may be less than the potential positive return on those securities.

Payments on the Notes Are Subject to Postponement Due to Market Disruption Events and Adjustments — The payment at maturity and the Valuation Date are subject to adjustment as described in the product prospectus supplement. For a description of what constitutes a market disruption event as well as the consequences of that market disruption event, see "General Terms of the Notes-Market Disruption Events" in the product prospectus supplement.
Risks Relating to the Secondary Market for the Notes

There May Not Be an Active Trading Market for the Notes—Sales in the Secondary Market May Result in Significant Losses — There may be little or no secondary market for the Notes. The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBCCM and our other affiliates may make a market for the Notes; however, they are not required to do so. RBCCM or any of our other affiliates may stop any market-making activities at any time. Even if a secondary market for the Notes develops, it may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to you. We expect that transaction costs in any secondary market would be high. As a result, the difference between bid and asked prices for your Notes in any secondary market could be substantial.

P-7
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

Risks Relating to the Initial Estimated Value of the Notes

The Initial Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Less than the Price to the Public — The initial estimated value of the Notes that will be set forth on the cover page of the final pricing supplement for the Notes will not represent a minimum price at which we, RBCCM or any of our affiliates would be willing to purchase the Notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at any time. If you attempt to sell the Notes prior to maturity, their market value may be lower than the price you paid for them and the initial estimated value. This is due to, among other things, changes in the share price of the Reference Asset, the borrowing rate we pay to issue securities of this kind, and the inclusion in the price to the public of the underwriting discount, the structuring fee and the estimated costs relating to our hedging of the Notes. These factors, together with various credit, market and economic factors over the term of the Notes, are expected to reduce the price at which you may be able to sell the Notes in any secondary market and will affect the value of the Notes in complex and unpredictable ways. Assuming no change in market conditions or any other relevant factors, the price, if any, at which you may be able to sell your Notes prior to maturity may be less than your original purchase price, as any such sale price would not be expected to include the underwriting discount, the structuring fee or the hedging costs relating to the Notes. In addition to bid-ask spreads, the value of the Notes determined for any secondary market price is expected to be based on the secondary rate rather than the internal funding rate used to price the Notes and determine the initial estimated value. As a result, the secondary price will be less than if the internal funding rate was used. The Notes are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your Notes to maturity.

The Initial Estimated Value of the Notes that We Will Provide in the Final Pricing Supplement Will Be an Estimate Only, Calculated as of the Time the Terms of the Notes Are Set — The initial estimated value of the Notes will be based on the value of our obligation to make the payments on the Notes, together with the mid-market value of the derivative embedded in the terms of the Notes. See “Structuring the Notes” below. Our estimate will be based on a variety of assumptions, including our credit spreads, expectations as to dividends, interest rates and volatility, and the expected term of the Notes. These assumptions are based on certain forecasts about future events, which may prove to be incorrect. Other entities may value the Notes or similar securities at a price that is significantly different than we do.
The value of the Notes at any time after the Trade Date will vary based on many factors, including changes in market conditions, and cannot be predicted with accuracy. As a result, the actual value you would receive if you sold the Notes in any secondary market, if any, should be expected to differ materially from the initial estimated value of your Notes.
Risks Relating to the Reference Asset

The Securities Composing the Underlying Index Are Concentrated in One Sector — All of the securities included in the underlying index are issued by companies in the financial sector. As a result, the securities that will determine the performance of the Reference Asset and the value of the Notes are concentrated in one sector. Although an investment in the Notes will not give holders any ownership or other direct interests in the securities composing the underlying index, the return on an investment in the Notes will be subject to certain risks associated with a direct equity investment in companies in the financial sector. Accordingly, by investing in the Notes, you will not benefit from the diversification which could result from an investment linked to companies that operate in multiple sectors.

Adjustments to the Reference Asset Could Adversely Affect the Notes — The Advisor of the Reference Asset is responsible for calculating and maintaining the Reference Asset. The Advisor can add, delete or substitute the stocks comprising the Reference Asset. The Advisor may make other methodological changes that could change the share price of the Reference Asset at any time. If one or more of these events occurs, the calculation of the amount payable at maturity may be adjusted to reflect such event or events. Consequently, any of these actions could adversely affect the amount payable at maturity and/or the market value of the Notes.

P-8
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes


Changes that Affect the Underlying Index Will Affect the Market Value of the Notes and the Amount You Will Receive at Maturity — The policies of the sponsor of the Underlying Index (the “Index Sponsor”), concerning the calculation of the Underlying Index, additions, deletions or substitutions of the components of the Underlying Index and the manner in which changes affecting those components, such as stock dividends, reorganizations or mergers, may be reflected in the Underlying Index and, therefore, could affect the share price of the Reference Asset, the amount payable on the Notes at maturity, and the market value of the Notes prior to maturity. The amount payable on the Notes and their market value could also be affected if the Index Sponsor changes these policies, for example, by changing the manner in which it calculates the Underlying Index, or if the sponsor discontinues or suspends the calculation or publication of the Underlying Index.

We Have No Affiliation with the Index Sponsor and Will Not Be Responsible for Any Actions Taken by the Index Sponsor  The Index Sponsor is not our affiliate and will not be involved in the offering of the Notes in any way. Consequently, we have no control over the actions of the Index Sponsor, including any actions of the type that would require the calculation agent to adjust the payment to you at maturity. The Index Sponsor has no obligation of any sort with respect to the Notes. Thus, the Index Sponsor has no obligation to take your interests into consideration for any reason, including in taking any actions that might affect the value of the Notes. None of our proceeds from the issuance of the Notes will be delivered to the Index Sponsor.

We and Our Affiliates Do Not Have Any Affiliation with the Advisor and Are Not Responsible for its Public Disclosure of Information — We and our affiliates are not affiliated with Advisor in any way and have no ability to control or predict its actions, including any errors in or discontinuance of disclosure regarding its methods or policies relating to the Reference Asset. The Advisor is not involved in the offering of the Notes in any way and has no obligation to consider your interests as an owner of the Notes in taking any actions relating to the Reference Asset that might affect the value of the Notes. Neither we nor any of our affiliates has independently verified the adequacy or accuracy of the information about the Advisor or the Reference Asset contained in any public disclosure of information. You, as an investor in the Notes, should make your own investigation into the Reference Asset.

The Correlation Between the Performance of the Reference Asset and the Performance of the Underlying Index May Be Imperfect  The performance of the Reference Asset is linked principally to the performance of the Underlying Index. However, because of the potential discrepancies identified in more detail in the product prospectus supplement, the return on the Reference Asset may correlate imperfectly with the return on the Underlying Index.
Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest and Our Trading Activities

Our Business Activities May Create Conflicts of Interest — We and our affiliates expect to engage in trading activities related to the Reference Asset or the securities held by the Reference Asset that are not for the account of holders of the Notes or on their behalf. These trading activities may present a conflict between the holders’ interests in the Notes and the interests we and our affiliates will have in their proprietary accounts, in facilitating transactions, including options and other derivatives transactions, for their customers and in accounts under their management. These trading activities, if they influence the prices of the Reference Asset, could be adverse to the interests of the holders of the Notes. We and one or more of our affiliates may, at present or in the future, engage in business with the issuers of the securities held by the Reference Asset, including making loans to or providing advisory services. These services could include investment banking and merger and acquisition advisory services. These activities may present a conflict between our or one or more of our affiliates’ obligations and your interests as a holder of the Notes. Moreover, we, and our affiliates may have published, and in the future expect to publish, research reports with respect to the Reference Asset. This research is modified from time to time without notice and may express opinions or provide recommendations that are inconsistent with purchasing or holding the Notes. Any of these activities by us or one or more of our affiliates may affect the price of the Reference Asset, and, therefore, the market value of the Notes.

P-9
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

INFORMATION REGARDING THE REFERENCE ASSET
Information filed with the SEC relating to the XLF under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, can be obtained through the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, information regarding the Reference Asset may be obtained from other sources including, but not limited to, press releases, newspaper articles and other publicly disseminated documents. We have not participated in the preparation of, or verified, such publicly available information. None of the forgoing documents or filings are incorporated by reference in, and should not be considered part of, this document.
The following information regarding the Reference Asset is derived from publicly available information.
We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of reports filed by the Reference Asset with the SEC, information published by it on its website or in any other format, information about it obtained from any other source or the information provided below.
We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the information obtained from Bloomberg Financial Markets. The historical performance of the Reference Asset should not be taken as an indication of its future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the market price of the Reference Asset at any time during the term of the Notes. We cannot give you assurance that the performance of the Reference Asset will not result in the loss of all or part of your investment.
The Financial Select Sector SPDR® Fund (“XLF”)
The XLF seeks to provide investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Financial Select Sector Index. The Financial Select Sector Index measures the performance of the financial sector of the U.S. equity market, including diversified financial services; insurance; banks; capital markets; mortgage real estate investment trusts (“REITs”); consumer finance; and thrifts and mortgage finance industries. The XLF trades on the NYSE Arca under the ticker symbol “XLF.”
Eligibility Criteria for Index Components
The stocks included in each Select Sector Index are selected from the universe of companies represented by the S&P 500® Index. Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) acts as index calculation agent in connection with the calculation and dissemination of each Select Sector Index. Each stock in the S&P 500® Index is allocated to only one Select Sector Index, and the Select Sector Indices together comprise all of the companies in the S&P 500® Index.
Index Maintenance
Each Select Sector Index was developed and is maintained in accordance with the following criteria:

Each of the component stocks in a Select Sector Index (the “Component Stocks”) is a constituent company of the S&P 500® Index.

The eleven Select Sector Indices together will include all of the companies represented in the S&P 500® Index and each of the stocks in the S&P 500® Index will be allocated to at least one of the Select Sector Indices.

Each constituent stock of the S&P 500® Index is assigned to a Select Sector Index based on the Global Industry Classification Sector (“GICS”) structure. Each Select Sector Index is made up of all the stocks in the applicable GICS sector.

Each Select Sector Index is calculated by the Index Sponsor using a capped market capitalization methodology where single index constituents or defined groups of index constituents are confined to a maximum weight and the excess weight is distributed proportionally among the remaining index constituents. Each Select Sector Index is rebalanced from time to time to re-establish the proper weighting.
 
For reweighting purposes, each Select Sector Index is rebalanced quarterly after the close of business on the third Friday of March, June September and December using the following procedures: (1) The rebalancing reference date is the second Friday of March, June, September and December; (2) With prices reflected on the rebalancing reference date, and membership, shares outstanding and investable weight factors as of the rebalancing effective date, each company is weighted by float-adjusted market capitalization methodology. Modifications are made as defined below.

P-10
RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes


i.
If any Component Stock has a weight greater than 24%, that Component Stock has its float-adjusted market capitalization weight capped at 23%. The 23% weight cap creates a 2% buffer to ensure that no Component Stock exceeds 25% as of the quarter-end diversification requirement date.

ii.
All excess weight is equally redistributed to all uncapped Component Stocks within the relevant Select Sector Index.

iii.
After this redistribution, if the float-adjusted market capitalization weight of any other Component Stock(s) then breaches 23%, the process is repeated iteratively until no Component Stocks breaches the 23% weight cap.

iv.
The sum of the Component Stocks with weights greater than 4.8% cannot exceed 50% of the total index weight. These caps are set to allow for a buffer below the 5% limit.

v.
If the rule in step (iv) is breached, all the Component Stocks are ranked in descending order of their float-adjusted market capitalization weights and the first Component Stock that causes the 50% limit to be breached has its weight reduced to 4.5%.

vi.
This excess weight is equally redistributed to all Component Stocks with weights below 4.5%. This process is repeated iteratively until step (iv) is satisfied.

vii.
Index share amounts are assigned to each Component Stock to arrive at the weights calculated above. Since index shares are assigned based on prices one week prior to rebalancing, the actual weight of each Component Stock at the rebalancing differs somewhat from these weights due to market movements.
  viii.
If, on the second to last business day of March, June, September, or December a company has a weight greater than 24% or the sum of the companies with weights greater than 4.8% exceeds 50%, a secondary rebalancing will be triggered with the rebalancing effective date being after the close of the last business day of the month. This secondary rebalancing will use the closing prices as of the second to last business day of March, June, September, or December and membership, shares outstanding, and IWFs as of the rebalancing date.
Calculation of the Underlying Index
Each Select Sector Index is calculated using the same methodology utilized by S&P in calculating the S&P 500® Index, using a base−weighted aggregate methodology. The daily calculation of each Select Sector Index is computed by dividing the total market value of the companies in the Select Sector Index by a number called the index divisor.
A SPDR® Component Stock which has been assigned to one Select Sector Index may be determined to have undergone a transformation in the composition of its business, and that it should be removed from that Select Sector Index and assigned to a different Select Sector Index. In the event that a SPDR® Component Stock’s Select Sector Index assignment should be changed, S&P will disseminate notice of the change following its standard procedure for announcing index changes, and will implement the change in the affected Select Sector Indexes after the initial dissemination of information on the sector change.
SPDR® Component Stocks removed from and added to the S&P 500® Index will be deleted from and added to the appropriate Select Sector Index on the same schedule used by S&P for additions and deletions from the S&P 500® Index insofar as practicable.
Additional information regarding the calculation and composition of the underlying index, including the index methodology, may be found on S&P’s website. Information included in that website is not included or incorporated by reference into this document.

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Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

Historical Information
The graph below sets forth the information relating to the historical performance of the Reference Asset from January 1, 2012 to December 2, 2022. We obtained the information in the graph from Bloomberg Financial Markets.
We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the information obtained from Bloomberg Financial Markets. The historical performance of the Reference Asset should not be taken as an indication of its future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the Final Price of the Reference Asset. We cannot give you assurance that the performance of the Reference Asset will result in any positive return on your initial investment.
Financial Select Sector SPDR® Fund (“XLF”)
PAST PERFORMANCE IS NOT INDICATIVE OF FUTURE RESULTS.

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RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCUSSION OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX
CONSEQUENCES
The following disclosure supplements, and to the extent inconsistent supersedes, the discussion in the product prospectus supplement dated March 3, 2022 under “Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences.”

Under Section 871(m) of the Code, a “dividend equivalent” payment is treated as a dividend from sources within the United States. Such payments generally would be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax if paid to a non-U.S. holder.  Under U.S. Treasury Department regulations, payments (including deemed payments) with respect to equity-linked instruments (“ELIs”) that are “specified ELIs” may be treated as dividend equivalents if such specified ELIs reference, directly or indirectly, an interest in an “underlying security,” which is generally any interest in an entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes if a payment with respect to such interest could give rise to a U.S. source dividend. However, the IRS has issued guidance that states that the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS intend to amend the effective dates of the U.S. Treasury Department regulations to provide that withholding on dividend equivalent payments will not apply to specified ELIs that are not delta-one instruments and that are issued before January 1, 2025. Based on our determination that the Notes are not delta-one instruments, non-U.S. holders should not be subject to withholding on dividend equivalent payments, if any, under the Notes. However, it is possible that the Notes could be treated as deemed reissued for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon the occurrence of certain events affecting the Reference Asset or the Notes (for example, upon the Reference Asset rebalancing), and following such occurrence the Notes could be treated as subject to withholding on dividend equivalent payments. Non-U.S. holders that enter, or have entered, into other transactions in respect of the Reference Asset or the Notes should consult their tax advisors as to the application of the dividend equivalent withholding tax in the context of the Notes and their other transactions. If any payments are treated as dividend equivalents subject to withholding, we (or the applicable withholding agent) would be entitled to withhold taxes without being required to pay any additional amounts with respect to amounts so withheld.

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RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

SUPPLEMENTAL PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION (CONFLICTS OF INTEREST)
We expect that delivery of the Notes will be made against payment for the Notes on or about December 27, 2022, which is the third (3rd) business day following the Trade Date (this settlement cycle being referred to as “T+3”). See “Plan of Distribution” in the prospectus dated September 14, 2021. For additional information as to the relationship between us and RBCCM, please see the section “Plan of Distribution — Conflicts of Interest” in the prospectus dated September 14, 2021.
We expect to deliver the Notes on a date that is greater than two business days following the Trade Date. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Exchange Act, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade the Notes more than two business days prior to the original issue date will be required to specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.
In addition to the underwriting discount set forth on the cover page, we or one of our affiliates may also pay a structuring fee to a selected dealer that is not affiliated with us of $4.50 per $1,000 in principal amount of the Notes. In addition, we or one of our affiliates will also pay an expected fee to a broker-dealer that is unaffiliated with us for certain electronic platform services with respect to this offering.
The value of the Notes shown on your account statement may be based on RBCCM’s estimate of the value of the Notes if RBCCM or another of our affiliates were to make a market in the Notes (which it is not obligated to do). That estimate will be based upon the price that RBCCM may pay for the Notes in light of then prevailing market conditions, our creditworthiness and transaction costs. For a period of approximately 3 months after the issue date of the Notes, the value of the Notes that may be shown on your account statement may be higher than RBCCM’s estimated value of the Notes at that time. This is because the estimated value of the Notes will not include the underwriting discount, the structuring fee or our hedging costs and profits; however, the value of the Notes shown on your account statement during that period may initially be a higher amount, reflecting the addition of RBCCM's underwriting discount, the structuring fee and our estimated costs and profits from hedging the Notes. This excess is expected to decrease over time until the end of this period. After this period, if RBCCM repurchases your Notes, it expects to do so at prices that reflect their estimated value.
We may use this terms supplement in the initial sale of the Notes. In addition, RBCCM or another of our affiliates may use this terms supplement in a market-making transaction in the Notes after their initial sale. Unless we or our agent informs the purchaser otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this terms supplement is being used in a market-making transaction.

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RBC Capital Markets, LLC


 


Buffered Enhanced Return Notes

STRUCTURING THE NOTES
The Notes are our debt securities, the return on which is linked to the performance of the Reference Asset.  As is the case for all of our debt securities, including our structured notes, the economic terms of the Notes reflect our actual or perceived creditworthiness at the time of pricing.  In addition, because structured notes result in increased operational, funding and liability management costs to us, we typically borrow the funds under these Notes at a rate that is more favorable to us than the rate that we might pay for a conventional fixed or floating rate debt security of comparable maturity.  Using this relatively lower implied borrowing rate rather than the secondary market rate, is a factor that is likely to reduce the initial estimated value of the Notes at the time their terms are set. Unlike the estimated value that will be included in the final pricing supplement, any value of the Notes determined for purposes of a secondary market transaction may be based on a different funding rate, which may result in a lower value for the Notes than if our initial internal funding rate were used.
In order to satisfy our payment obligations under the Notes, we may choose to enter into certain hedging arrangements (which may include call options, put options or other derivatives) on the issue date with RBCCM or one of our other subsidiaries.  The terms of these hedging arrangements take into account a number of factors, including our creditworthiness, interest rate movements, the volatility of the Reference Asset, and the tenor of the Notes.  The economic terms of the Notes and their initial estimated value depend in part on the terms of these hedging arrangements.
The lower implied borrowing rate is a factor that reduces the economic terms of the Notes to you. The initial offering price of the Notes also reflects the underwriting discount, the structuring fee and our estimated hedging costs. These factors result in the initial estimated value for the Notes on the Trade Date being less than their public offering price. See “Selected Risk Considerations—The Initial Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Less than the Price to the Public” above.


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RBC Capital Markets, LLC