Fair Value Measurements

4. Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies the fair value method under ASC Topic 820,

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures

. The ASC Topic 820 hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of inputs, or assumptions, used in the determination of fair value and requires assets and liabilities carried at fair value to be classified and disclosed in one of the following categories based on the lowest level input used that is significant to a particular fair value measurement:

Level 1—Fair value is determined by using unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

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Level 2—Fair value is determined by using inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices that are directly or indirectly observable. Inputs can include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets. Related inputs can also include those used in valuation or other pricing models, such as interest rates and yield curves that can be corroborated by observable market data.

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Level 3—Fair value is determined by inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. Use of these inputs involves significant and subjective judgments to be made by a reporting entity—e.g., determining an appropriate adjustment to a discount factor for illiquidity associated with a given security.

The Company has no assets or liabilities that were measured using prices with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 assets and liabilities) as of September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021. The carrying value of cash held in money market funds of approximately $47.1 million as of September 30, 2022 and $56.5 million as of December 31, 2021 is included in cash and cash equivalents on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and approximates market value based on quoted market prices or Level 1 inputs. The carrying value of cash held in commercial paper of approximately $36.0 million and $0 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, is included in cash and cash equivalents.

The fair value measurements of the Company’s cash equivalents and

available-for-sale

investment securities are identified in the following tables (in thousands):


			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	September 30, 2022		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Money Market Funds	$	47,122	$	47,122	$	—	$	—
U.S. Government Agency Securities		181,209		—		181,209		—
FDIC Certificates of Deposit		3,104		—		3,104		—
Certificates of Deposit		7,500		—		7,500		—
Commercial Paper		124,671		—		124,671		—
Corporate Notes/Bonds		212,871		—		212,871		—

	$	576,477	$	47,122	$	529,355	$	—


			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	December 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Money Market Funds	$	56,539	$	56,539	$	—	$	—
U.S. Government Agency Securities		71,652		—		71,652		—
Certificates of Deposit		26,233		—		26,233		—
Commercial Paper		55,919		—		55,919		—
Corporate Notes/Bonds		166,164		—		166,164		—

	$	376,507	$	56,539	$	319,968	$	—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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