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SoFi Smart Energy ETF |
Before you invest, you may want to review the SoFi Smart Energy ETF (the “Fund”) statutory prospectus and statement of additional information, which contain more information about the Fund and its risks. The current statutory prospectus and statement of additional information dated August 9, 2022 are incorporated by reference into this Summary Prospectus. You can find the Fund’s statutory prospectus, statement of additional information, reports to shareholders, and other information about the Fund online at www.sofi.com/invest/etfs/enrg/. You can also get this information at no cost by calling at (877) 358-0096 or by sending an e-mail request to ETFsupport@sofi.com.
Investment Objective
The SoFi Smart Energy ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to track the performance, before fees and expenses, of the iClima Distributed Renewable Energy Index (the “Index”).
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund (“Shares”). You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table and Example below.
| Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
| Management Fees(1) | 0.59% |
| Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees | 0.00% |
| Other Expenses(1) | 0.00% |
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.59% |
| (1) | Effective August 9, 2022, the Fund’s management fee was reduced from 0.65% to 0.59%. |
Expense Example
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of Shares. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
| 1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years |
| $60 | $189 | $329 | $738 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in total annual fund operating expenses or in the expense example above, affect the Fund’s performance. For the fiscal period July 20, 2021 (commencement of operations) to April 30, 2022, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 41% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund uses a “passive management” (or indexing) approach to track the performance, before fees and expenses, of the Index. The Index follows a rules-based methodology (described generally below) that tracks the performance of the equity securities of publicly-traded large-, mid-, and small-capitalization U.S. and non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets that are selected based on a list of products and services that enable the practice of distributed energy generation, discussed in more detail below. The Index is owned by iClima Earth Ltd. (the “Index Provider”) and calculated and administered by Solactive AG.
iClima Distributed Renewable Energy Index
The Index’s initial investible universe consists of all of the securities comprising the Solactive GBS Global Markets All Cap USD Index TR (the “GBS Universe”). The GBS Universe tracks the performance of the large-, mid-, and small-capitalization segment in developed and emerging markets.
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The Index is a rules-based index that seeks to identify a global portfolio of companies within the GBS Universe that provide products and services that enable the practice of distributed energy generation (“DER”) which is decentralizing electrical supply services in favor of small, consumer specific sources of power at or near where it will be used (e.g., solar PV rooftop, microturbines, wind turbines, solar cells, etc.) (“Distributed Smart Energy Companies”), in the following segments:
| 1. | Distributed Power Sources: Companies that produce, sell, or service rooftop or ground mounted installations of solar photovoltaic cells, combined heat and power (e.g., the concurrent production of electricity or mechanical power and useful thermal energy (heating and/or cooling) from a single source of energy located at or near the point of consumption), micro combined heat and power, microturbines, and small wind systems. |
| 2. | Distributed Energy Storage: Companies that produce, sell, or service battery and thermal storage (including stationary batteries) and fuel cells. Examples of companies with energy storage technologies that allow electricity to be stored for later use include companies producing lithium-ion, sodium sulfur and lead acid battery companies, as well as fuel cells. |
| 3. | Vehicle-to-Grid and Electric Vehicle Charging: Companies that produce, sell, or service electric vehicles with vehicle-to-grid solutions, charging networks and net meters. |
| 4. | Virtual Power Plants: Companies that aggregate diverse DER resources (e.g., wind farms or solar parks), hardware or software, and key components (e.g., inverters, which are an example of hardware that converge hardware and software in virtual power plants). |
| 5. | Microgrid & Smart Grids: Companies that provide multiple dispersed generation sources with ability to isolate such micro grids from larger networks and offer solutions for voltage and frequency issues. |
| 6. | Smart Houses and Building Energy Management: Companies that produce, sell, or service smart appliances, heating and cooling optimization devices, smart thermostats, sensors, and data collection. |
| 7. | Software & Systems for Distributed Energy Resources: Companies that provide blockchain as a service (e.g., a general ledger that would allow peer-to-peer trading of excess electricity produced at the local level by residential, commercial and industrial owners of renewable distributed assets, such as installations with solar roof tops), demand response, remote monitoring software (e.g., assets with sensors collecting operational data combined with technological advancements to provide insight and real-time data), advanced analytics, advanced distribution management systems (e.g., software (and at times combined with hardware) that allows users to manage their DER assets to maximize reliability, power quality, renewable energy use, data security, and resilience to natural disasters and other threats), asset performance management systems (e.g., software that has the ability to analyze data, diagnose causes of malfunctioning and maximize the operational capacity of a product), and distributed energy resource management systems. |
“Distributed energy” refers to electricity generated in a decentralized way, at the point of consumption. Within all distributed energy solutions, the Index Provider is focusing on those from renewable sources (which is a sub-set of all possible distributed energy solutions).
Distributed Smart Energy Companies are then screened to determine the percentage of revenue each company receives from DER compared to its total revenue (“DER Revenue”). Companies included in the Index may have varying percentages of DER Revenue as many Distributed Smart Energy Companies are in transition and could generate more DER Revenue over time. To determine the DER Revenue the Index Provider will analyze the audited financial reports and sustainability reports, if available, that a company may prepare in accordance with its jurisdictional requirements as well as all publicly available investor relations information. Jurisdictions may not require a company to provide audited financial reports and/or sustainability reports. Sustainability reports are typically voluntary and are not prepared by all issuers in which the Fund invests. Each company that has DER Revenue of 20% (or higher), has a DER Revenue that has increased by at least 10% over the previous year, or that discloses in publicly available communications a DER solution as a key revenue source is included in the Index.
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Index Components that generate revenue from certain activities are negatively screened and excluded from the list of companies eligible for inclusion in the Index. Examples of such activities include:
| ● | Oil exploration and production; |
| ● | Companies in the microgrid and smart grids or software and systems segments with revenues from non-conventional weapons producers (e.g., nuclear weapons or systems, chemical or biological weapons, landmine, cluster bombs, or depleted uranium weapons). Concessions may be made to companies in the microgrid and smart grids or software and systems segment with revenues of less than 10% to conventional armament producers; |
| ● | Energy producers that receive over 20% of their revenue from nuclear energy; |
| ● | Power generators that are predominantly renewable energy that receive 50% or more of their revenues from natural gas or more than 1% of their revenues from coal-fired power plants; and |
| ● | Automotive makers that receive over 40% of their revenue from sales of automobiles with internal combustion engines. |
Companies are then subject to a final screening for inclusion in the Index based on several additional indicators that provide additional evidence of relevant sustainability and environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) aspects of their operations, namely climate and other environmental-related aspects, as well as social and employee aspects, including respect for human rights, anti-bribery and anti-corruption. These additional indicators are used to identify companies with practices that are in line with higher sustainability objectives and companies that are lagging in specific parameters. Additional exclusionary indicators are then applied, and companies determined to engage in activities involving forced and compulsory labor and/or child labor (as defined by the United Nations Global Compact, a corporate sustainability initiative) are excluded from the list of companies eligible for inclusion in the Index.
To be eligible for the selection to the Index, an Index component must have a minimum total market capitalization of USD $200 million and must be revenue generating.
The Index is reconstituted 20 business days prior to the first Wednesday in February and August (the “Selection Day”). At the time of each reconstitution, the Index components are equally weighted. The Index uses an equal weight methodology and on July 27, 2022 was constituted by 54 companies.
The Fund’s Investment Strategy
The Fund will invest all, or substantially all, of its assets in the component securities that make up the Index. Under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets, plus borrowings for investment purposes, will be invested in Distributed Smart Energy Companies, as defined above.
The Fund will generally use a “replication” strategy to achieve its investment objective, meaning it generally will invest in all of the component securities of the Index. However, the Fund may use a “representative sampling” strategy, meaning it may invest in a sample of the securities in the Index whose risk, return and other characteristics closely resemble the risk, return and other characteristics of the Index as a whole, when the Fund’s adviser believes it is in the best interests of the Fund (e.g., when replicating the Index involves practical difficulties or substantial costs, an Index component becomes temporarily illiquid, unavailable, or less liquid, or as a result of legal restrictions or limitations that apply to the Fund but not to the Index).
The Fund also may invest in securities or other investments not included in the Index, but which Toroso Investments, LLC (“Toroso” or the “Adviser”), the Fund’s investment adviser, believes will help the Fund track the Index. For example, the Fund may invest in securities that are not components of the Index to reflect various corporate actions and other changes to the Index (such as reconstitutions, additions, and deletions).
To the extent the Index concentrates (i.e., holds more than 25% of its total assets) in the securities of a particular industry or group of related industries, the Fund will concentrate its investments to approximately the same extent as the Index.
The Fund is deemed to be non-diversified under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), which means that it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it was a diversified fund.
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Principal Investment Risks
The principal risks of investing in the Fund are summarized below. As with any investment, there is a risk that you could lose all or a portion of your investment in the Fund. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value per share (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return, and/or ability to meet its objective. For more information about the risks of investing in the Fund, see the section in the Fund’s Prospectus titled “Additional Information About the Fund—Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund.”
The principal risks are presented in alphabetical order to facilitate finding particular risks and comparing them with those of other funds. Each risk summarized below is considered a “principal risk” of investing in the Fund, regardless of the order in which it appears.
Associated Risk of Investing in Distributed Smart Energy Companies. Distributed Smart Energy Companies typically face intense competition, potentially short product lifecycles and potentially rapid product obsolescence (e.g., when a better, higher utility solution becomes available) due to anticipated and frequent technological improvements. These companies may be significantly affected by fluctuations in energy prices and in the supply and demand of renewable energy, tax incentives, subsidies and other governmental regulations and policies. These companies are also heavily dependent on intellectual property rights and may be adversely affected by loss or impairment of those rights. Distributed Smart Energy Companies may be adversely affected by commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, imposition of import controls, availability of certain inputs and materials required for production, depletion of resources (such as lithium, copper and cobalt), technological developments and labor relations. A decline in the price of conventional energy such as oil and natural gas could have a materially adverse impact on Distributed Smart Energy Companies. Renewable energy resources may be highly dependent upon on government policies that support renewable generation and enhance the economic viability of owning renewable electric generation assets. Investors should additionally take notice of the distinction between implemented government policy based on legislation and less guaranteed commitments which may be aspirational, subject to political risk, and difficult to enforce. Additionally, adverse environmental conditions may cause fluctuations in renewable electric generation and adversely affect the cash flows associated with Distributed Smart Energy Companies.
Concentration Risk. The Fund’s investments will be concentrated in an industry or group of industries to the extent the Index is so concentrated. In such event, the value of Shares may rise and fall more than the value of shares that invest in securities of companies in a broader range of industries.
Depositary Receipt Risk. Depositary receipts involve risks similar to those associated with investments in foreign securities and certain additional risks. Depositary receipts listed on U.S. or foreign exchanges are issued by banks or trust companies, and entitle the holder to all dividends and capital gains that are paid out on the underlying foreign shares (“Underlying Shares”). When the Fund invests in depositary receipts as a substitute for an investment directly in the Underlying Shares, the Fund is exposed to the risk that the depositary receipts may not provide a return that corresponds precisely with that of the Underlying Shares.
Emerging and Developing Markets Risk. Investments in securities traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, currency, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell, or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Shares and cause the Fund to decline in value. Because of these risk factors, the Fund’s investments in developing market countries are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than investments in developed markets. The Index Provider may have less reliable or outdated information from emerging or developing market companies due to issues associated with the regulatory, accounting, auditing, and financial reporting and recordkeeping standards when assessing if a company should be included in the Index.
ETF Risk.
| ◦ | Authorized Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that are authorized to purchase and redeem Shares directly from the Fund (known as “Authorized Participants” or “APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services; or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions. |
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| ◦ | Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid-ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments. |
| ◦ | Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of ETFs holding only domestic securities. |
| ◦ | Trading. Although Shares are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than Shares. Also, in stressed market conditions, the market for Shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings. These adverse effect on liquidity for Shares, in turn, could lead to wider bid/ask spreads and differences between the market price of Shares and the underlying value of those Shares. |
Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, or sectors in which the Fund invests. Common stocks, such as those held by the Fund, are generally exposed to greater risk than other types of securities, such as preferred stock and debt obligations, because common stockholders generally have inferior rights to receive payment from issuers.
Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in securities or other instruments of non-U.S. issuers involve certain risks not involved in domestic investments and may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than investments in securities of U.S. companies. Financial markets in foreign countries often are not as developed, efficient, or liquid as financial markets in the United States, and therefore, the prices of non-U.S. securities and instruments can be more volatile. In addition, the Fund will be subject to risks associated with adverse political and economic developments in foreign countries, which may include the imposition of economic sanctions. Generally, there is less readily available and reliable information about non-U.S. issuers due to less rigorous disclosure or accounting standards and regulatory practices.
General Market Risk. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one country or region will adversely impact markets or issuers in other countries or regions. Securities in the Fund’s portfolio may underperform in comparison to securities in the general financial markets, a particular financial market, or other asset classes, due to a number of factors, including inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters or events, pandemic diseases, terrorism, regulatory events, and government controls.
Index Provider Risk. There is no assurance that the Index Provider, or any agents that act on its behalf, will compile the Index accurately, or that the Index will be determined, maintained, constructed, reconstituted, rebalanced, composed, calculated or disseminated accurately. The Adviser relies upon the Index Provider and its agents to compile, determine, maintain, construct, reconstitute, rebalance, compose, calculate (or arrange for an agent to calculate), and disseminate the Index accurately. Any losses or costs associated with errors made by the Index Provider or its agents generally will be borne by the Fund and its shareholders.
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Market Capitalization Risk.
| ◦ | Large-Capitalization Investing. The securities of large-capitalization companies may be relatively mature compared to smaller companies and therefore subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion. Large-capitalization companies may also be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges, such as changes in technology and consumer tastes. |
| ◦ | Mid-Capitalization Investing. The securities of mid-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse issuer, market, political, or economic developments than securities of large-capitalization companies. The securities of mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than large-capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. |
| ◦ | Small-Capitalization Investing. The securities of small-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse issuer, market, political, or economic developments than securities of large- or mid-capitalization companies. The securities of small-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than large- or mid-capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. There is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller-capitalization companies than for larger, more established companies. |
Models and Data Risk. The composition of the Index is heavily dependent on proprietary quantitative models as well as information and data supplied by third parties (“Models and Data”). When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities from the Index universe that would have been excluded or included had the Models and Data been correct and complete. If the composition of the Index reflects such errors, the Fund’s portfolio can be expected to also reflect the errors.
Newer Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with a limited operating history and a small asset base. As a result, prospective investors have a limited track record or history on which to base their investment decisions. Additionally, due to the Fund’s small asset base, certain of the Fund’s expenses and its portfolio transaction costs may be higher than those of a fund with a larger asset base. To the extent that the Fund does not grow to or maintain a viable size, it may be liquidated, and the expenses, timing and tax consequences of such liquidation may not be favorable to some shareholders.
Non-Diversification Risk. Because the Fund is “non-diversified,” it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it was a diversified fund. As a result, a decline in the value of an investment in a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers could cause the Fund’s overall value to decline to a greater degree than if the Fund held a more diversified portfolio.
Passive Investment Risk. The Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, its Index regardless of their investment merit. The Fund does not attempt to outperform its Index or take defensive positions in declining markets. As a result, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the market segments relating to its Index.
Recent Market Events Risk. U.S. and international markets have experienced significant periods of volatility in recent years and months due to a number of economic, political and global macro factors, including the impact of COVID-19, which has resulted in a public health crisis, disruptions to business operations and supply chains, stress on the global healthcare system, growth concerns in the U.S. and overseas, staffing shortages and the inability to meet consumer demand, and widespread concern and uncertainty. The global recovery from COVID-19 is proceeding at slower than expected rates due to the emergence of variant strains and may last for an extended period of time. Continuing uncertainties regarding interest rates, rising inflation, political events, rising government debt in the U.S. and trade tensions also contribute to market volatility. As a result of continuing political tensions and armed conflicts, including the war between Ukraine and Russia, the U.S. and the European Union imposed sanctions on certain Russian individuals and companies, including certain financial institutions, and have limited certain exports and imports to and from Russia. The war has contributed to recent market volatility and may continue to do so.
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Sector Risk. At times the Fund may increase the relative emphasis of its investments in a particular sector or group of industries. The prices of securities of issuers in a particular sector may be more susceptible to fluctuations due to changes in economic or business conditions, government regulations, availability of basic resources or supplies, or other events that affect that industry or sector more than securities of issuers in other industries and sectors. To the extent that the Fund increases the relative emphasis of its investments in a particular industry or sector, the value of Shares may fluctuate in response to events affecting that industry or sector.
| ◦ | Industrials Sector Risk. The Fund may invest in companies in the industrials sector, and therefore the performance of the Fund could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The industrials sector may be affected by changes in the supply of and demand for products and services, product obsolescence, claims for environmental damage or product liability and general economic conditions, among other factors. |
| ◦ | Energy Sector Risk. Companies operating in the energy sector or issuers in energy-related industries are subject to specific risks, including, among others, fluctuations in commodity prices; reduced consumer demand for commodities such as oil, natural gas, or petroleum products; reduced availability of natural gas or other commodities for transporting, processing, storing, or delivering; slowdowns in new construction; worldwide economic growth; extreme weather or other natural disasters; imposition of taxes, tariffs, sanctions or embargoes; domestic or international conflicts and threats of attack by terrorists, or cyber attacks on energy assets. Additionally, energy sector companies are subject to substantial government regulation and changes in the regulatory environment for energy companies may adversely impact their profitability. Over time, depletion of natural gas reserves and other energy reserves may also affect the profitability of energy companies. Any factors adversely affecting companies in the energy sector could have a significant adverse impact on Distributed Smart Energy Companies and the Fund’s performance. |
Third Party Data Risk. The composition of the Index, and consequently the Fund’s portfolio, is heavily dependent on information and data calculated and published by an independent third party calculation agent (“Third Party Data”). When Third Party Data proves to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities from the Index that would have been excluded or included had the Third Party Data been correct and complete. If the composition of the Index reflects such errors, the Fund’s portfolio can also be expected to reflect the errors.
Tracking Error Risk. As with all index funds, the performance of the Fund and its Index may differ from each other for a variety of reasons. For example, the Fund incurs operating expenses and portfolio transaction costs not incurred by the Index. In addition, the Fund may not be fully invested in the securities of the Index at all times or may hold securities not included in the Index. The use of sampling techniques may affect the Fund’s ability to achieve close correlation with its Index. The Fund may use a representative sampling strategy to achieve its investment objective, if the Adviser believes it is in the best interests of the Fund, which generally can be expected to produce a greater non-correlation risk.
Underlying Index Risk. The Index may not reflect all companies meeting the Index’s eligibility criteria if certain characteristics of a company are not known at the time the Index is composed or reconstituted. Further, neither the Adviser nor the Index Provider is able to guarantee the continuous availability or timeliness of the production of the Index. The calculation and dissemination of the Index values may be delayed if the information technology or other facilities of the Index Provider, calculation agent, data providers and/or relevant stock exchange malfunction for any reason. A significant delay may cause trading in shares of the Fund to be suspended. Errors in Index data, computation and/or the construction in accordance with its methodology may occur from time to time and may not be identified and corrected by the Index Provider, calculation agent or other applicable party for a period of time or at all, which may have an adverse impact on the Fund and its shareholders.
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Performance
Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund has not completed a full calendar year of operations as of the date of this Prospectus. When such information is included, this section will provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance history from year to year and showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns compare with those of the Index and a broad measure of market performance. Although past performance of the Fund is no guarantee of how it will perform in the future, historical performance may give you some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.sofi.com/invest/etfs/enrg.
Management
Investment Adviser
Toroso Investments, LLC serves as investment adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
The following individuals are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.
Michael Venuto, Chief Investment Officer for Toroso, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception in July 2021.
Charles A. Ragauss, CFA, Portfolio Manager for Toroso, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception in July 2021.
Purchase and Sale of Shares
The Fund issues and redeems Shares at NAV only in large blocks known as “Creation Units,” which only APs (typically, broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) and/or a designated amount of U.S. cash.
Shares are listed on a national securities exchange, such as the Exchange, and individual Shares may only be bought and sold in the secondary market through brokers at market prices, rather than NAV. Because Shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
An investor may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Shares (the “bid” price) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Shares (the “ask” price) when buying or selling Shares in the secondary market. This difference in bid and ask prices is often referred to as the “bid-ask spread.”
Information regarding the Fund’s NAV, market price, how often Shares traded on the Exchange at a premium or discount, and bid-ask spreads can be found on the Fund’s website at www.sofi.com/invest/etfs/enrg.
Tax Information
Fund distributions are generally taxable to shareholders as ordinary income, qualified dividend income, or capital gains (or a combination), unless your investment is in an individual retirement account (“IRA”) or other tax-advantaged account. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those accounts.
Financial Intermediary Compensation
If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (an “Intermediary”), the Adviser or its affiliates may pay Intermediaries for certain activities related to the Fund, including participation in activities that are designed to make Intermediaries more knowledgeable about exchange-traded products, including the Fund, or for other activities, such as marketing, educational training, or other initiatives related to the sale or promotion of Shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Any such arrangements do not result in increased Fund expenses. Ask your salesperson or visit the Intermediary’s website for more information.
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