UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM N-CSR

CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED
MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES




Investment Company Act file number: (811-00058)
Exact name of registrant as specified in charter: George Putnam Balanced Fund
Address of principal executive offices: 100 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110
Name and address of agent for service: Stephen Tate, Vice President
100 Federal Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
Copy to:         Bryan Chegwidden, Esq.
Ropes & Gray LLP
1211 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (617) 292–1000
Date of fiscal year end: July 31, 2021
Date of reporting period: August 1, 2020 — July 31, 2021



Item 1. Report to Stockholders:

The following is a copy of the report transmitted to stockholders pursuant to Rule 30e-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940:




George Putnam
Balanced
Fund

Annual report
7 | 31 | 21

Message from the Trustees 1
About the fund 2
Interview with your fund’s portfolio managers 5
Your fund’s performance 10
Your fund’s expenses 14
Consider these risks before investing 16
Terms and definitions 17
Other information for shareholders 18
Important notice regarding Putnam’s privacy policy 20
Trustee approval of management contract 21
Audited financial statements 25
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 26
Federal tax information 68
About the Trustees 69
Officers 71

 



Message from the Trustees

September 10, 2021

Dear Fellow Shareholder:

Through the summer months of 2021, financial markets continued to rise. Stocks were powered by new highs in corporate earnings, and bonds appreciated despite an uptick in inflation. Experts at Putnam believe inflation will likely be temporary, caused by an uneven recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic.

Even as the economy returns to a more normal trajectory, the evolving pandemic remains a justifiable concern. During these unsettled times, well-managed companies have tried to be flexible and resilient, adapting to conditions while focusing on their goals.

Putnam’s research teams also remain focused on their objectives. They analyze and debate how businesses are adjusting to these challenges as they work to identify investment opportunities for our portfolios. We believe this active approach is well-suited to this time.

Thank you for investing with Putnam.





George Putnam Balanced Fund was introduced in 1937, at a time when many investors considered the stock market to be risky. Named for the founder of Putnam Investments, the fund offered an innovative concept for the time — a diversified portfolio with bonds to balance the risk of stocks.

A balanced approach, grounded in research

The fund’s classic balanced approach continues to serve investors today, under the leadership of seasoned portfolio managers who use fundamental research to find opportunities and manage risk.


Diversification does not guarantee a profit or ensure against loss. It is possible to lose money in a diversified portfolio.

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Experienced managers pursue a broad range of opportunities

The fund’s typical allocation is 60% stocks and 40% bonds. In managing the stock portion of the portfolio, Kate Lakin pursues a risk-aware style, investing in stocks across all sectors that may have value or growth characteristics. For the fund’s fixed-income investments, Paul Scanlon and Andrew Benson assemble a mix of government and investment-grade bonds. Historically, government bonds have shown relatively low correlation with stocks, which can help to dampen the impact of stock market downturns on fund performance.


Data are historical. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results. More recent returns may be less or more than those shown. Investment return and principal value will fluctuate, and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares. For the most recent month-end performance, visit putnam.com. Performance assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes. Returns for class A shares do not reflect a sales charge of 5.75%. Had a sales charge been reflected, returns would have been lower. Returns for other classes of shares may vary. The period illustrated is longer than the investment horizon of many investors.

The chart is plotted on a logarithmic scale so that comparable percentage changes appear similar.

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Current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted past performance, which cannot guarantee future results. Share price, principal value, and return will fluctuate, and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares. Performance of class A shares assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes. Fund returns in the bar chart do not reflect a sales charge of 5.75%; had they, returns would have been lower. See below and pages 10–13 for additional performance information. For a portion of the periods, the fund had expense limitations, without which returns would have been lower. To obtain the most recent month-end performance, visit putnam.com.

Returns for periods of less than one year are not annualized.

All Bloomberg indices provided by Bloomberg Index Services Limited.

Lipper peer group average provided by Lipper, a Refinitiv company.

* George Putnam Blended Index is an unmanaged index administered by Putnam Management, 60% of which is the S&P 500 Index and 40% of which is the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index.

The fund’s benchmarks (George Putnam Blended Index and S&P 500 Index) were introduced on 12/31/78 and 12/31/69, respectively, and its Lipper group (Balanced Funds) was introduced on 12/31/59; they all post-date the inception of the fund’s class A shares.


This comparison shows your fund’s performance in the context of broad market indexes for the 12 months ended 7/31/21. See above and pages 10–13 for additional fund performance information. Index descriptions can be found on pages 17–18.

All Bloomberg indices provided by Bloomberg Index Services Limited.

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How did stocks perform during the reporting period?

KATE Stocks performed strongly during the period. Record fiscal and monetary stimulus, positive vaccine developments in 2020, and signs of global economic recovery boosted investor optimism. As the world’s economies reopened, stocks in cyclical sectors, such as industrials, materials, and financials, rose sharply from their pandemic-driven lows in early 2020. For the first time in a decade, value stocks began to outperform growth stocks.

At the beginning of the reporting period, in September and October, we saw increased market volatility as investors grappled with an uptick in global Covid-19 cases and uncertainty leading up to the U.S. presidential election. The promise of more government stimulus and the approval of the world’s first Covid-19 vaccine in November renewed investor confidence. A $900 billion U.S. stimulus bill passed in mid-December 2020 also boosted market sentiment.

After a positive start to the new year, vaccine shortages and rising inflation, along with a sell-off of global technology stocks, curbed investor enthusiasm. In March 2021, President Biden’s $1.9 trillion pandemic relief bill and the anticipation of a massive U.S. infrastructure bill fueled growth expectations. Most importantly,

George Putnam Balanced Fund 5 

 




Allocations are shown as a percentage of the fund’s net assets as of 7/31/21. Cash and net other assets, if any, represent the market value weights of cash, derivatives, short-term securities, and other unclassified assets in the portfolio. Summary information may differ from the portfolio schedule included in the financial statements due to the inclusion of derivative securities, any interest accruals, the exclusion of as-of trades, if any, the use of different classifications of securities for presentation purposes, and rounding. Holdings and allocations may vary over time.


This table shows the fund’s top 10 equity holdings by percentage of the fund’s net assets as of 7/31/21. Short-term investments and derivatives, if any, are excluded. Summary information may differ from the portfolio schedule included in the financial statements due to the use of different classifications of securities for presentation purposes. Holdings may vary over time.

6 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



in our view, better-than-expected corporate earnings helped stocks advance on strong fundamentals, which moved well past pre-pandemic levels during the period.

How did bonds perform during the period?

PAUL The Federal Reserve [Fed] was steadfast in its efforts to support the U.S. economy. Borrowing costs remained low, with short-term interest rates held in the range of 0.00% to 0.25%. In December 2020, the central bank pledged to buy at least $120 billion in bonds each month to help improve liquidity until its goals for full employment and target inflation were met. Credit markets performed well overall, with spreads tightening across the quality spectrum. [Bond prices rise as spreads tighten and fall as spreads widen.] Stimulus-fueled growth and inflation expectations drove yields higher on all but the very short-term government debt during the first quarter of calendar 2021. The Fed took a more hawkish stance in June 2021 when it signaled it may raise short-term interest rates sooner than anticipated. The Fed tempered its tone in July 2021, suggesting it needed to see more progress in the U.S. jobs market before tightening monetary policy. Against this backdrop, the yield on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury note rose to 1.24% at period-end from 0.56% at the start of the period. Investment-grade [IG] corporate bonds, as measured by the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, posted a loss of 0.70% for the period.

How did the fund perform for the period?

KATE The fund’s class A shares returned 20.84%, outperforming its primary benchmark, the George Putnam Blended Index, which returned 20.50% for the period.

Could you highlight some stocks that contributed to performance relative to the primary benchmark?

KATE Investment bank and financial services firm The Goldman Sachs Group was a top contributor over the period. As companies rushed to capitalize on improving economic conditions, IPO [initial public offering] and M&A [merger and acquisition] deal flow increased, creating a healthy backlog for Goldman’s investment banking division. The company also benefited from the sale of older equity investments, a surge in trading activity, and increased transactional volume from its retail bank Marcus.


Alternative asset manager KKR & Co., which is not held in the primary benchmark, was another highlight. The company’s February 2021 acquisition of Global Atlantic Financial Group, a retirement and life insurance provider, added $90 billion to KKR’s assets under management. Along with strong asset growth, robust M&A activity and a secular shift toward alternative investments provided tailwinds for the stock. KKR raised $59 billion in capital in the second quarter of 2021 — more than all it raised in calendar 2020.

NXP Semiconductors, a Dutch global semiconductor chip manufacturer, was another top performer. NXP supplies embedded connectivity solutions that help power innovative applications for internet, automotive, industrials, mobile, and communications infrastructure end markets. As global production lines reopened, NXP benefited from accelerated demand and higher chip prices, which boosted its earnings and cash flows.

What about detractors from performance?

KATE Fidelity National Information Services [FIS] was the fund’s top detractor. U.S.-based FIS delivers payment-processing solutions to merchants, banks, and capital markets worldwide. The firm’s brick-and-mortar

George Putnam Balanced Fund 7 

 



business, which closed during pandemic lockdowns, struggled to recover despite improved economic conditions. Increased competition in the financial technology and electronic payment sectors, and FIS’s ability to compete, also began to weigh on investors. However, we think FIS’s challenges are reflected in its stock price, and the company has room for appreciation. We continue to own the stock.

An underweight position in entertainment and media giant The Walt Disney Company also dampened relative results. The company’s pivot into digital streaming [the Disney+ service was launched in November 2019] has helped offset some revenue weakness from legacy Disney parks and experiences. We believe, however, that Disney is at risk of product cannibalization [when a new product takes sales from an existing product], which could cut into future profits. For this reason, we maintain an underweight position in the stock.

Our decision not to own financial services firm JPMorgan Chase, which performed strongly during the period, also detracted from relative results. The reopening of the economy caused a rise in transactional volume that benefited JPMorgan’s consumer and business banking division. As the largest U.S. bank by market value, however, JPMorgan remains overvalued, in our view, and we prefer other banks.

How did the fund’s corporate bond investments perform for the period?

PAUL Allocations to corporate bonds represented roughly 14% of the fund’s total assets for the period. U.S. IG corporate bonds were a positive contributor to performance, as spreads across the sector continued to tighten significantly.

Top performers in our bond portfolio included those issued in the technology and utility distribution sectors. In addition, issuers in the banking and life insurance industries performed


This chart shows how the fund’s top weightings have changed over the past six months. Allocations are shown as a percentage of the fund’s net assets. Current period summary information may differ from the portfolio schedule included in the financial statements due to the inclusion of derivative securities, any interest accruals, the exclusion of as-of trades, if any, the use of different classifications of securities for presentation purposes, and rounding. Holdings and allocations may vary over time.

8 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



well. Positive performance was marginally offset by positioning within pharmaceuticals and media, specifically in the cable industry.

What is your outlook for the IG corporate bond market?

PAUL We have a constructive outlook for IG corporate bonds for the remainder of 2021. Our positive outlook for fundamentals and technicals supports our neutral view on valuation. Our view on positive fundamentals is underpinned by the broad distribution of vaccines and ample U.S. stimulus. IG corporates have benefited from shedding a record number of fallen angels [companies downgraded from IG to sub-IG] in 2020, as well as extensive cost improvements implemented during the pandemic.

We believe that balance sheets are healthy, with leverage at or near its peak, and liquidity metrics are strong following record issuance in calendar 2020. At the same time, we are mindful of potential risks, including delays in vaccine distribution and the spread of new Covid-19 variants, which could create a more volatile operating environment for weaker companies. Increased M&A activity also could increase immediate leverage.

IG market technicals are robust, in our view. On the supply side, new issuance in July 2021 totaled $101.1 billion, up 7% year-over-year. Year-to-date [as of period-end] new issuance reached $1.1 trillion, a decline of 26% year-over-year. On the demand side, retail inflows totaled $21.7 billion in July. International institutional demand persists, given low hedging costs and low interest rates globally. Valuations, while less attractive than they were, should continue to be supported by robust demand from liability-based and foreign institutional investors, in our view.

What is your outlook for stocks and the fund?

KATE Overall, we have a positive outlook for equities for the remainder of 2021. We are encouraged by the record number of companies that have beat analysts’ earnings estimates for the first quarter of 2021. This trend has also continued into the second quarter. While corporate earnings momentum is encouraging, we believe many segments of the economy still have room for growth.

Additional government stimulus and strong consumer spending should propel economic recoveries, in our view. Yet, as inflation concerns rise, we will continue to monitor the impact of a more hawkish Fed policy. New variants and rising cases of Covid-19 worldwide continue to present challenges to the economy, along with the safety and health of our society.

For the fund, our analysts use bottom-up, fundamental research to identify companies with the potential for capital appreciation. Our focus on individual companies and our limited factor exposures provide greater downside protection, in our view, against broader risks of the global economy.

Kate and Paul, thanks for your time and for bringing us up to date.

The views expressed in this report are exclusively those of Putnam Management and are subject to change. They are not meant as investment advice.

Please note that the holdings discussed in this report may not have been held by the fund for the entire period. Portfolio composition is subject to review in accordance with the fund’s investment strategy and may vary in the future. Current and future portfolio holdings are subject to risk.

Of special interest

During the period, income earned by the fund declined due to falling interest rates and lower dividend payments made by companies held in the portfolio. As a result, the fund reduced its quarterly distribution rate for class A shares from $0.071 to $0.047 in August 2020 and from $0.047 to $0.036 in February 2021. Similar decreases were made to other share classes of the fund.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 9 

 



Your fund’s performance

This section shows your fund’s performance, price, and distribution information for periods ended July 31, 2021, the end of its most recent fiscal year. In accordance with regulatory requirements for mutual funds, we also include performance information as of the most recent calendar quarter-end and expense information taken from the fund’s current prospectus. Performance should always be considered in light of a fund’s investment strategy. Data represent past performance. Past performance does not guarantee future results. More recent returns may be less or more than those shown. Investment return and principal value will fluctuate, and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares. Performance information does not reflect any deduction for taxes a shareholder may owe on fund distributions or on the redemption of fund shares. For the most recent month-end performance, please visit the Individual Investors section at putnam.com or call Putnam at 1-800-225-1581. Class R, R5, R6, and Y shares are not available to all investors. See the Terms and definitions section in this report for definitions of the share classes offered by your fund.

Fund performance Total return for periods ended 7/31/21

  Annual               
  average    Annual    Annual    Annual   
  (life of fund)  10 years  average  5 years  average  3 years  average  1 year 
Class A (11/5/37)                 
Before sales charge  8.83%  172.90%  10.56%  78.99%  12.35%  47.38%  13.80%  20.84% 
After sales charge  8.76  157.21  9.91  68.70  11.03  38.90  11.58  13.89 
Class B (4/27/92)                 
Before CDSC  8.73  156.81  9.89  72.41  11.51  44.04  12.93  19.89 
After CDSC  8.73  156.81  9.89  70.41  11.25  41.04  12.15  14.89 
Class C (7/26/99)                 
Before CDSC  8.76  156.99  9.90  72.34  11.50  44.09  12.95  19.90 
After CDSC  8.76  156.99  9.90  72.34  11.50  44.09  12.95  18.90 
Class M (12/1/94)                 
Before sales charge  8.12  159.46  10.00  74.50  11.78  45.15  13.22  20.20 
After sales charge  8.07  150.37  9.61  68.39  10.98  40.07  11.89  15.99 
Class R (1/21/03)                 
Net asset value  8.56  166.03  10.28  76.79  12.07  46.21  13.50  20.50 
Class R5 (12/2/13)                 
Net asset value  8.93  180.03  10.85  81.42  12.65  48.51  14.09  21.11 
Class R6 (12/2/13)                 
Net asset value  8.94  181.98  10.92  82.24  12.75  48.91  14.19  21.22 
Class Y (3/31/94)                 
Net asset value  8.93  179.66  10.83  81.21  12.63  48.51  14.09  21.13 

 

Current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted past performance, which cannot guarantee future results. After-sales-charge returns for class A and M shares reflect the deduction of the maximum 5.75% and 3.50% sales charge, respectively, levied at the time of purchase. Class B share returns after contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) reflect the applicable CDSC, which is 5% in the first year, declining over time to 1% in the sixth year, and is eliminated thereafter. Class C share returns after CDSC reflect a 1% CDSC for the first year that is eliminated thereafter. Class R, R5, R6, and Y shares have no initial sales charge or CDSC. Performance for class B, C, M, R, and Y shares before their inception is derived from the historical performance of class A shares, adjusted for the applicable sales charge (or CDSC) and the higher operating expenses for such shares, except for class Y shares, for which 12b-1 fees are not applicable. Performance for class R5 and R6 shares prior to their inception is derived from the historical performance of class Y shares and has not been adjusted for the lower investor servicing fees applicable to class R5 and R6 shares; had it, returns would have been higher.

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For a portion of the periods, the fund had expense limitations, without which returns would have been lower. Class B and C share performance reflects conversion to class A shares after eight years.

Comparative index returns For periods ended 7/31/21

  Annual               
  average    Annual    Annual    Annual   
  (life of fund)  10 years  average  5 years  average  3 years  average  1 year 
George Putnam                 
Blended Index  *  180.17%  10.85%  76.07%  11.98%  47.44%  13.82%  20.50% 
Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate                 
Bond Index  *  38.97  3.35  16.64  3.13  18.18  5.73  –0.70 
S&P 500 Index  *  316.89  15.35  122.51  17.35  64.96  18.16  36.45 
Lipper Balanced Funds                 
category average  *  122.53  8.21  57.99  9.51  34.92  10.45  20.99 

 

Index and Lipper results should be compared with fund performance before sales charge, before CDSC, or at net asset value.

All Bloomberg indices provided by Bloomberg Index Services Limited.

Lipper peer group average provided by Lipper, a Refinitiv company.

* The fund’s benchmarks (George Putnam Blended Index and S&P 500 Index) were introduced on 12/31/78 and 12/31/69, respectively, the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index was introduced on 12/31/75, and its Lipper group (Balanced Funds) was introduced on 12/31/59; they all post-date the inception of the fund’s class A shares.

George Putnam Blended Index is an unmanaged index administered by Putnam Management, 60% of which is the S&P 500 Index and 40% of which is the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index.

Over the 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year periods ended 7/31/21, there were 525, 505, 477, and 389 funds, respectively, in this Lipper category.


Past performance does not indicate future results. At the end of the same time period, a $10,000 investment in the fund’s class B and C shares would have been valued at $25,681 and $25,699, respectively, and no contingent deferred sales charges would apply. A $10,000 investment in the fund’s class M shares ($9,650 after sales charge) would have been valued at $25,037. A $10,000 investment in the fund’s class R, R5, R6, and Y shares would have been valued at $26,603, $28,003, $28,198, and $27,966, respectively.

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Fund price and distribution information For the 12-month period ended 7/31/21

Distributions  Class A  Class B  Class C  Class M  Class R  Class R5  Class R6  Class Y 
Number  4 4  4  4  4  4  4  4 
Income  $0.154565  $0.000435  $0.005565  $0.044565  $0.102565  $0.148565  $0.229565  $0.211565 
Capital gains                     
Long-term                     
gains  0.883000  0.883000  0.883000  0.883000  0.883000  0.883000  0.883000  0.883000 
Short-term                     
gains  0.364435  0.364435  0.364435  0.364435  0.364435  0.364435  0.364435  0.364435 
Total  $1.402000  $1.247870  $1.253000  $1.292000  $1.350000  $1.396000  $1.477000  $1.459000 
  Before  After  Net  Net  Before  After  Net  Net  Net  Net 
  sales  sales  asset  asset  sales  sales  asset  asset  asset  asset 
Share value  charge  charge  value  value  charge  charge  value  value  value  value 
7/31/20  $21.68  $23.00  $21.41  $21.48  $21.34  $22.11  $21.60  $21.89  $21.79  $21.78 
7/31/21  24.62  26.12  24.27  24.35  24.20  25.08  24.51  24.94  24.75  24.74 
Current rate  Before  After  Net  Net  Before  After  Net  Net  Net  Net 
(end of  sales  sales  asset  asset  sales  sales  asset  asset  asset  asset 
period)  charge  charge  value  value  charge  charge  value  value  value  value 
Current                     
dividend rate1  0.58%  0.55%      0.12%  0.11%  0.33%  0.79%  0.89%  0.82% 
Current                     
30-day                     
SEC yield2  N/A  0.36  –0.35%  –0.35%  N/A  –0.10  0.14  0.63  0.71  0.63 

 

The classification of distributions, if any, is an estimate. Before-sales-charge share value and current dividend rate for class A and M shares, if applicable, do not take into account any sales charge levied at the time of purchase. After-sales-charge share value, current dividend rate, and current 30-day SEC yield, if applicable, are calculated assuming that the maximum sales charge (5.75% for class A shares and 3.50% for class M shares) was levied at the time of purchase. Final distribution information will appear on your year-end tax forms.

1 Most recent distribution, including any return of capital and excluding capital gains, annualized and divided by share price before or after sales charge at period-end.

2 Based only on investment income and calculated using the maximum offering price for each share class, in accordance with SEC guidelines.

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Fund performance as of most recent calendar quarter Total return for periods ended 6/30/21

  Annual               
  average    Annual    Annual    Annual   
  (life of fund)  10 years  average  5 years  average  3 years  average  1 year 
Class A (11/5/37)                 
Before sales charge  8.82%  163.60%  10.18%  80.71%  12.56%  48.20%  14.01%  23.41% 
After sales charge  8.74  148.44  9.53  70.32  11.24  39.68  11.78  16.31 
Class B (4/27/92)                 
Before CDSC  8.71  148.22  9.52  74.08  11.73  44.96  13.17  22.57 
After CDSC  8.71  148.22  9.52  72.08  11.47  41.96  12.39  17.57 
Class C (7/26/99)                 
Before CDSC  8.74  148.30  9.52  74.04  11.72  44.87  13.15  22.52 
After CDSC  8.74  148.30  9.52  74.04  11.72  44.87  13.15  21.52 
Class M (12/1/94)                 
Before sales charge  8.10  150.69  9.63  76.23  12.00  46.02  13.45  22.78 
After sales charge  8.06  141.91  9.24  70.06  11.20  40.91  12.11  18.49 
Class R (1/21/03)                 
Net asset value  8.55  157.03  9.90  78.56  12.29  47.10  13.73  23.12 
Class R5 (12/2/13)                 
Net asset value  8.91  170.67  10.47  83.22  12.87  49.37  14.31  23.74 
Class R6 (12/2/13)                 
Net asset value  8.92  172.52  10.54  84.02  12.97  49.76  14.41  23.85 
Class Y (3/31/94)                 
Net asset value  8.91  170.27  10.45  82.98  12.84  49.35  14.31  23.71 

 

See the discussion following the fund performance table on page 10 for information about the calculation of fund performance.

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Your fund’s expenses

As a mutual fund investor, you pay ongoing expenses, such as management fees, distribution fees (12b-1 fees), and other expenses. Using the following information, you can estimate how these expenses affect your investment and compare them with the expenses of other funds. You may also pay one-time transaction expenses, including sales charges (loads) and redemption fees, which are not shown in this section and would have resulted in higher total expenses. For more information, see your fund’s prospectus or talk to your financial representative.

Expense ratios

  Class A  Class B  Class C  Class M  Class R  Class R5  Class R6  Class Y 
Total annual operating                 
expenses for the fiscal year                 
ended 7/31/20  0.97%  1.72%  1.72%  1.47%  1.22%  0.72%  0.62%  0.72% 
Annualized expense ratio                 
for the six-month period                 
ended 7/31/21*  0.93%  1.68%  1.68%  1.43%  1.18%  0.70%  0.60%  0.68% 

 

Fiscal year expense information in this table is taken from the most recent prospectus, is subject to change, and may differ from that shown for the annualized expense ratio and in the financial highlights of this report.

Expenses are shown as a percentage of average net assets.

* Expense ratios for each class are for the fund’s most recent fiscal half year. As a result of this, ratios may differ from expense ratios based on one-year data in the financial highlights.

Expenses per $1,000

The following table shows the expenses you would have paid on a $1,000 investment in each class of the fund from 2/1/21 to 7/31/21. It also shows how much a $1,000 investment would be worth at the close of the period, assuming actual returns and expenses.

  Class A  Class B  Class C  Class M  Class R  Class R5  Class R6  Class Y 
Expenses paid per $1,000*†  $4.86  $8.77  $8.77  $7.47  $6.17  $3.66  $3.14  $3.56 
Ending value (after expenses)  $1,109.40  $1,105.20  $1,105.30  $1,106.80  $1,108.10  $1,110.70  $1,111.60  $1,110.70 

 

* Expenses for each share class are calculated using the fund’s annualized expense ratio for each class, which represents the ongoing expenses as a percentage of average net assets for the six months ended 7/31/21. The expense ratio may differ for each share class.

Expenses are calculated by multiplying the expense ratio by the average account value for the period; then multiplying the result by the number of days in the period (181); and then dividing that result by the number of days in the year (365).

14 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Estimate the expenses you paid

To estimate the ongoing expenses you paid for the six months ended 7/31/21, use the following calculation method. To find the value of your investment on 2/1/21, call Putnam at 1-800-225-1581.


Compare expenses using the SEC’s method

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has established guidelines to help investors assess fund expenses. Per these guidelines, the following table shows your fund’s expenses based on a $1,000 investment, assuming a hypothetical 5% annualized return. You can use this information to compare the ongoing expenses (but not transaction expenses or total costs) of investing in the fund with those of other funds. All mutual fund shareholder reports will provide this information to help you make this comparison. Please note that you cannot use this information to estimate your actual ending account balance and expenses paid during the period.

  Class A  Class B  Class C  Class M  Class R  Class R5  Class R6  Class Y 
Expenses paid per $1,000*†  $4.66  $8.40  $8.40  $7.15  $5.91  $3.51  $3.01  $3.41 
Ending value (after expenses)  $1,020.18  $1,016.46  $1,016.46  $1,017.70  $1,018.94  $1,021.32  $1,021.82  $1,021.42 

 

* Expenses for each share class are calculated using the fund’s annualized expense ratio for each class, which represents the ongoing expenses as a percentage of average net assets for the six months ended 7/31/21. The expense ratio may differ for each share class.

Expenses are calculated by multiplying the expense ratio by the average account value for the six-month period; then multiplying the result by the number of days in the six-month period (181); and then dividing that result by the number of days in the year (365).

George Putnam Balanced Fund 15 

 



Consider these risks before investing

The value of investments in the fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including general economic, political, or financial market conditions; investor sentiment and market perceptions; government actions; geopolitical events or changes; and factors related to a specific issuer, geography, industry, or sector. These and other factors may lead to increased volatility and reduced liquidity in the fund’s portfolio holdings. Growth stocks may be more susceptible to earnings disappointments, and value stocks may fail to rebound. Bond investments are subject to interest-rate risk (the risk of bond prices falling if interest rates rise) and credit risk (the risk of an issuer defaulting on interest or principal payments). Interest-rate risk is generally greater for longer-term bonds, and credit risk is generally greater for below-investment-grade bonds. Risks associated with derivatives include increased investment exposure (which may be considered leverage) and, in the case of over-the-counter instruments, the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions and the potential failure of the other party to the instrument to meet its obligations.

Our investment techniques, analyses, and judgments may not produce the outcome we intend. The investments we select for the fund may not perform as well as other securities that we do not select for the fund. We, or the fund’s other service providers, may experience disruptions or operating errors that could have a negative effect on the fund.

You can lose money by investing in the fund.

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Terms and definitions

Important terms

Total return shows how the value of the fund’s shares changed over time, assuming you held the shares through the entire period and reinvested all distributions in the fund.

Before sales charge, or net asset value, is the price, or value, of one share of a mutual fund, without a sales charge. Before-sales-charge figures fluctuate with market conditions, and are calculated by dividing the net assets of each class of shares by the number of outstanding shares in the class.

After sales charge is the price of a mutual fund share plus the maximum sales charge levied at the time of purchase. After-sales-charge performance figures shown here assume the 5.75% maximum sales charge for class A shares and 3.50% for class M shares.

Contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is generally a charge applied at the time of the redemption of class B or C shares and assumes redemption at the end of the period. Your fund’s class B CDSC declines over time from a 5% maximum during the first year to 1% during the sixth year. After the sixth year, the CDSC no longer applies. The CDSC for class C shares is 1% for one year after purchase.

Current rate is the annual rate of return earned from dividends or interest of an investment. Current rate is expressed as a percentage of the price of a security, fund share, or principal investment.

Share classes

Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge and no CDSC (except on certain redemptions of shares bought without an initial sales charge).

Class B shares are closed to new investments and are only available by exchange from another Putnam fund or through dividend and/or capital gains reinvestment. They are not subject to an initial sales charge and may be subject to a CDSC.

Class C shares are not subject to an initial sales charge and are subject to a CDSC only if the shares are redeemed during the first year.

Class M shares are closed to new investments except through certain eligible employer sponsored retirement plans and certain eligible plan record-keepers. They have a lower initial sales charge and a higher 12b-1 fee than class A shares and no CDSC.

Class R shares are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC and are only available to employer-sponsored retirement plans.

Class R5 shares are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC and carry no 12b-1 fee. They are only available to employer-sponsored retirement plans.

Class R6 shares are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC and carry no 12b-1 fee. They are generally only available to employer-sponsored retirement plans, corporate and institutional clients, and clients in other approved programs.

Class Y shares are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC and carry no 12b-1 fee. They are generally only available to corporate and institutional clients and clients in other approved programs.

Comparative indexes

Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index is an unmanaged index of U.S. investment-grade fixed-income securities.

ICE BofA (Intercontinental Exchange Bank of America) U.S. 3-Month Treasury Bill Index is an unmanaged index that seeks to measure the performance of U.S. Treasury bills available in the marketplace.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 17 

 



George Putnam Blended Index is an unmanaged index administered by Putnam Management, LLC, 60% of which is the S&P 500 Index and 40% of which is the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index.

S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged index of common stock performance.

Indexes assume reinvestment of all distributions and do not account for fees. Securities and performance of a fund and an index will differ. You cannot invest directly in an index.

BLOOMBERG®  is a trademark and service mark of Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates (collectively “Bloomberg”). Bloomberg or Bloomberg’s licensors own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Indices. Neither Bloomberg nor Bloomberg’s licensors approve or endorse this material, or guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information herein, or make any warranty, express or implied, as to the results to be obtained therefrom and, to the maximum extent allowed by law, neither shall have any liability or responsibility for injury or damages arising in connection therewith.

ICE Data Indices, LLC (“ICE BofA”), used with permission. ICE BofA permits use of the ICE BofA indices and related data on an “as is” basis; makes no warranties regarding same; does not guarantee the suitability, quality, accuracy, timeliness, and/or completeness of the ICE BofA indices or any data included in, related to, or derived therefrom; assumes no liability in connection with the use of the foregoing; and does not sponsor, endorse, or recommend Putnam Investments, or any of its products or services.

Lipper, a Refinitiv company, is a third-party industry-ranking entity that ranks mutual funds. Its rankings do not reflect sales charges. Lipper rankings are based on total return at net asset value relative to other funds that have similar current investment styles or objectives as determined by Lipper. Lipper may change a fund’s category assignment at its discretion. Lipper category averages reflect performance trends for funds within a category.

Other information for shareholders

Proxy voting

Putnam is committed to managing our mutual funds in the best interests of our shareholders. The Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures, as well as information regarding how your fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30, 2021, are available in the Individual Investors section of putnam.com and on the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) website, www.sec.gov. If you have questions about finding forms on the SEC’s website, you may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain the Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures at no charge by calling Putnam’s Shareholder Services at 1-800-225-1581.

Fund portfolio holdings

The fund will file a complete schedule of its portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-PORT within 60 days of the end of such fiscal quarter. Shareholders may obtain the fund’s Form N-PORT on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Prior to its use of Form N-PORT, the fund filed its complete schedule of its portfolio holdings with the SEC on Form N-Q, which is available online at www.sec.gov.

Trustee and employee fund ownership

Putnam employees and members of the Board of Trustees place their faith, confidence, and, most importantly, investment dollars in Putnam mutual funds. As of July 31, 2021, Putnam employees had approximately $569,000,000 and the Trustees had approximately $80,000,000 invested in Putnam mutual funds. These amounts include investments by the Trustees’ and employees’ immediate family members as well as investments through retirement and deferred compensation plans.

18 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Liquidity risk management program

Putnam, as the administrator of the fund’s liquidity risk management program (appointed by the Board of Trustees), presented the most recent annual report on the program to the Trustees in April 2021. The report covered the structure of the program, including the program documents and related policies and procedures adopted to comply with Rule 22e-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and reviewed the operation of the program from January 2020 through December 2020. The report included a description of the annual liquidity assessment of the fund that Putnam performed in November 2020. The report noted that there were no material compliance exceptions identified under Rule 22e-4 during the period. The report included a review of the governance of the program and the methodology for classification of the fund’s investments. The report also included a discussion of liquidity monitoring during the period, including during the market liquidity challenges caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, and the impact those challenges had on the liquidity of the fund’s investments. Putnam concluded that the program has been operating effectively and adequately to ensure compliance with Rule 22e-4.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 19 

 



Important notice regarding Putnam’s privacy policy

In order to conduct business with our shareholders, we must obtain certain personal information such as account holders’ names, addresses, Social Security numbers, and dates of birth. Using this information, we are able to maintain accurate records of accounts and transactions.

It is our policy to protect the confidentiality of our shareholder information, whether or not a shareholder currently owns shares of our funds. In particular, it is our policy not to sell information about you or your accounts to outside marketing firms. We have safeguards in place designed to prevent unauthorized access to our computer systems and procedures to protect personal information from unauthorized use.

Under certain circumstances, we must share account information with outside vendors who provide services to us, such as mailings and proxy solicitations. In these cases, the service providers enter into confidentiality agreements with us, and we provide only the information necessary to process transactions and perform other services related to your account. Finally, it is our policy to share account information with your financial representative, if you’ve listed one on your Putnam account.

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Trustee approval of management contract

General conclusions

The Board of Trustees of The Putnam Funds oversees the management of each fund and, as required by law, determines annually whether to approve the continuance of your fund’s management contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam Management”) and the sub-management contract with respect to your fund between Putnam Management and its affiliate, Putnam Investments Limited (“PIL”). The Board, with the assistance of its Contract Committee, requests and evaluates all information it deems reasonably necessary under the circumstances in connection with its annual contract review. The Contract Committee consists solely of Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as this term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”)) of The Putnam Funds (“Independent Trustees”).

At the outset of the review process, members of the Board’s independent staff and independent legal counsel considered any possible changes to the annual contract review materials furnished to the Contract Committee during the course of the previous year’s review and, as applicable, identified those changes to Putnam Management. Following these discussions and in consultation with the Contract Committee, the Independent Trustees’ independent legal counsel requested that Putnam Management and its affiliates furnish specified information, together with any additional information that Putnam Management considered relevant, to the Contract Committee. Over the course of several months ending in June 2021, the Contract Committee met on a number of occasions with representatives of Putnam Management, and separately in executive session, to consider the information that Putnam Management provided. Throughout this process, the Contract Committee was assisted by the members of the Board’s independent staff and by independent legal counsel for The Putnam Funds and the Independent Trustees.

In May 2021, the Contract Committee met in executive session to discuss and consider its recommendations with respect to the continuance of the contracts. At the Trustees’ June 2021 meeting, the Contract Committee met in executive session with the other Independent Trustees to review a summary of the key financial, performance and other data that the Contract Committee considered in the course of its review. The Contract Committee then presented its written report, which summarized the key factors that the Committee had considered and set forth its recommendations. The Contract Committee recommended, and the Independent Trustees approved, the continuance of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts, effective July 1, 2021. (Because PIL is an affiliate of Putnam Management and Putnam Management remains fully responsible for all services provided by PIL, the Trustees have not attempted to evaluate PIL as a separate entity, and all subsequent references to Putnam Management below should be deemed to include reference to PIL as necessary or appropriate in the context.) The Independent Trustees’ approval was based on the following conclusions:

• That the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented reasonable compensation in light of the nature and quality of the services being provided to the fund, the fees paid by competitive funds, the costs incurred by Putnam Management in providing services to the fund, and the application of certain reductions and waivers noted below; and

• That the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented an appropriate sharing between fund shareholders and Putnam Management of any economies of scale as may exist in the management of the fund at current asset levels.

These conclusions were based on a comprehensive consideration of all information provided to the Trustees and were not the result of any single factor. Some of the factors that figured particularly in the Trustees’ deliberations and how the Trustees considered these factors are described below, although individual Trustees may have evaluated the information presented differently, giving different weights to various factors. It is also important to recognize that the management arrangements for your fund and the other Putnam funds are the result of many years of review and discussion between the Independent Trustees and Putnam Management, that some aspects of the arrangements may receive greater scrutiny in some years than others and that the Trustees’ conclusions may be based, in part, on their consideration of fee arrangements in previous years. For example, with certain exceptions primarily involving newly

George Putnam Balanced Fund 21 

 



launched or repositioned funds, the current fee arrangements under the vast majority of the funds’ management contracts were first implemented at the beginning of 2010 following extensive review by the Contract Committee and discussions with representatives of Putnam Management, as well as approval by shareholders.

Management fee schedules and total expenses

The Trustees reviewed the management fee schedules in effect for all Putnam funds, including fee levels and breakpoints. Under its management contract, your fund has the benefit of breakpoints in its management fee schedule that provide shareholders with reduced fee levels as assets under management in the Putnam family of funds increase. The Trustees also reviewed the total expenses of each Putnam fund, recognizing that in most cases management fees represented the major, but not the sole, determinant of total costs to fund shareholders. (Two funds have implemented so-called “all-in” management fees covering substantially all routine fund operating costs.) In reviewing fees and expenses, the Trustees generally focus their attention on material changes in circumstances — for example, changes in assets under management, changes in a fund’s investment strategy, changes in Putnam Management’s operating costs or profitability, or changes in competitive practices in the mutual fund industry — that suggest that consideration of fee changes might be warranted. The Trustees concluded that the circumstances did not indicate that changes to the management fee schedule for your fund would be appropriate at this time.

As in the past, the Trustees also focused on the competitiveness of each fund’s total expense ratio. The Trustees and Putnam Management and the funds’ investor servicing agent, Putnam Investor Services, Inc. (“PSERV”), have implemented expense limitations that were in effect during your fund’s fiscal year ending in 2020. These expense limitations were: (i) a contractual expense limitation applicable to specified open-end funds, including your fund, of 25 basis points on investor servicing fees and expenses and (ii) a contractual expense limitation applicable to specified open-end funds, including your fund, of 20 basis points on so-called “other expenses” (i.e., all expenses exclusive of management fees, distribution fees, investor servicing fees, investment-related expenses, interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses). These expense limitations attempt to maintain competitive expense levels for the funds. Most funds, including your fund, had sufficiently low expenses that these expense limitations were not operative during their fiscal years ending in 2020. Putnam Management and PSERV have agreed to maintain these expense limitations until at least November 30, 2022. Putnam Management and PSERV’s commitment to these expense limitation arrangements, which were intended to support an effort to have fund expenses meet competitive standards, was an important factor in the Trustees’ decision to approve the continuance of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts.

The Trustees reviewed comparative fee and expense information for a custom group of competitive funds selected by Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”). This comparative information included your fund’s percentile ranking for effective management fees and total expenses (excluding any applicable 12b-1 fees), which provides a general indication of your fund’s relative standing. In the custom peer group, your fund ranked in the first quintile in effective management fees (determined for your fund and the other funds in the custom peer group based on fund asset size and the applicable contractual management fee schedule) and in the second quintile in total expenses (excluding any applicable 12b-1 fees) as of December 31, 2020. The first quintile represents the least expensive funds and the fifth quintile the most expensive funds. The fee and expense data reported by Broadridge as of December 31, 2020 reflected the most recent fiscal year-end data available in Broadridge’s database at that time.

In connection with their review of fund management fees and total expenses, the Trustees also reviewed the costs of the services provided and the profits realized by Putnam Management and its affiliates from their contractual relationships with the funds. This information included trends in revenues, expenses and profitability of Putnam Management and its affiliates relating to the investment management, investor servicing and distribution services provided to the funds. In this regard, the Trustees also reviewed an analysis of the revenues, expenses and profitability of Putnam Management and its affiliates, allocated on a fund-by-fund basis, with respect to the funds’ management, distribution and investor servicing

22 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



contracts. For each fund, the analysis presented information about revenues, expenses and profitability for each of the agreements separately and for the agreements taken together on a combined basis. The Trustees concluded that, at current asset levels, the fee schedules in place for the Putnam funds, including the fee schedule for your fund, represented reasonable compensation for the services being provided and represented an appropriate sharing between fund shareholders and Putnam Management of any economies of scale as may exist in the management of the Putnam funds at that time.

The information examined by the Trustees in connection with their annual contract review for the Putnam funds included information regarding services provided and fees charged by Putnam Management and its affiliates to other clients, including defined benefit pension and profit-sharing plans, sub-advised mutual funds, private funds sponsored by affiliates of Putnam Management, model-only separately managed accounts and Putnam Management’s newly launched exchange-traded funds. This information included, in cases where a product’s investment strategy corresponds with a fund’s strategy, comparisons of those fees with fees charged to the Putnam funds, as well as an assessment of the differences in the services provided to these clients as compared to the services provided to the Putnam funds. The Trustees observed that the differences in fee rates between these clients and the Putnam funds are by no means uniform when examined by individual asset sectors, suggesting that differences in the pricing of investment management services to these types of clients may reflect, among other things, historical competitive forces operating in separate marketplaces. The Trustees considered the fact that in many cases fee rates across different asset classes are higher on average for mutual funds than for other clients, and the Trustees also considered the differences between the services that Putnam Management provides to the Putnam funds and those that it provides to its other clients. The Trustees did not rely on these comparisons to any significant extent in concluding that the management fees paid by your fund are reasonable.

Investment performance

The quality of the investment process provided by Putnam Management represented a major factor in the Trustees’ evaluation of the quality of services provided by Putnam Management under your fund’s management contract. The Trustees were assisted in their review of Putnam Management’s investment process and performance by the work of the investment oversight committees of the Trustees and the full Board of Trustees, which meet on a regular basis with individual portfolio managers and with senior management of Putnam Management’s Investment Division throughout the year. The Trustees concluded that Putnam Management generally provides a high-quality investment process — based on the experience and skills of the individuals assigned to the management of fund portfolios, the resources made available to them and in general Putnam Management’s ability to attract and retain high-quality personnel — but also recognized that this does not guarantee favorable investment results for every fund in every time period.

The Trustees considered that, in the aggregate, The Putnam Funds generally performed well in 2020, which Putnam Management characterized as a challenging year with significant volatility and varied market dynamics. On an asset-weighted basis, the Putnam funds ranked in the second quartile of their peers as determined by Lipper Inc. (“Lipper”) for the year ended December 31, 2020 and, on an asset-weighted-basis, delivered a gross return that was 2.3% ahead of their benchmarks in 2020. In addition to the performance of the individual Putnam funds, the Trustees considered, as they had in prior years, the performance of The Putnam Fund complex versus competitor fund complexes. In this regard, the Trustees observed that The Putnam Funds’ relative performance, as reported in the Barron’s/Lipper Fund Families survey, continued to be exceptionally strong over the long term, with The Putnam Funds ranking as the 3rd best performing mutual fund complex out of 44 complexes for the ten-year period, with 2020 marking the fourth consecutive year that The Putnam Funds have ranked in the top ten fund complexes for the ten-year period. The Trustees noted that The Putnam Funds’ performance was solid over the one- and five-year periods, with The Putnam Funds ranking 22nd out of 53 complexes and 14th out of 50 complexes, respectively. In addition to the Barron’s/Lipper Fund Families Survey, the Trustees also considered the funds’ ratings assigned by Morningstar Inc., noting that 26 of the funds were four- or five-star rated at the end of 2020 (representing an increase of four funds year-over-year) and that this included seven funds that had achieved a five-star rating (representing

George Putnam Balanced Fund 23 

 



an increase of two funds year-over-year). They also noted, however, the disappointing investment performance of some funds for periods ended December 31, 2020 and considered information provided by Putnam Management regarding the factors contributing to the underperformance and actions being taken to improve the performance of these particular funds. The Trustees indicated their intention to continue to monitor closely the performance of those funds and evaluate whether additional actions to address areas of underperformance may be warranted.

For purposes of the Trustees’ evaluation of the Putnam funds’ investment performance, the Trustees generally focus on a competitive industry ranking of each fund’s total net return over a one-year, three-year and five-year period. For a number of Putnam funds with relatively unique investment mandates for which Putnam Management informed the Trustees that meaningful competitive performance rankings are not considered to be available, the Trustees evaluated performance based on their total gross and net returns and comparisons of those returns to the returns of selected investment benchmarks. In the case of your fund, the Trustees considered that its class A share cumulative total return performance at net asset value was in the following quartiles of its Lipper peer group (Lipper Balanced Funds) for the one-year, three-year and five-year periods ended December 31, 2020 (the first quartile representing the best-performing funds and the fourth quartile the worst-performing funds):

One-year period  1st 
Three-year period  1st 
Five-year period  1st 

 

For the three-year and five-year periods ended December 31, 2020, your fund’s performance was in the top decile of its Lipper peer group. Over the one-year, three-year and five-year periods ended December 31, 2020, there were 529, 511 and 478 funds, respectively, in your fund’s Lipper peer group. (When considering performance information, shareholders should be mindful that past performance is not a guarantee of future results.) The Trustees considered Putnam Management’s continued efforts to support fund performance through certain initiatives, including structuring compensation for portfolio managers to enhance accountability for fund performance, emphasizing accountability in the portfolio management process and affirming its commitment to a fundamental-driven approach to investing. The Trustees noted further that Putnam Management had made selective hires and internal promotions in 2020 to strengthen its investment team.

Brokerage and soft-dollar allocations; investor servicing

The Trustees considered various potential benefits that Putnam Management may receive in connection with the services it provides under the management contract with your fund. These include benefits related to brokerage allocation and the use of soft dollars, whereby a portion of the commissions paid by a fund for brokerage may be used to acquire research services that are expected to be useful to Putnam Management in managing the assets of the fund and of other clients. Subject to policies established by the Trustees, soft dollars generated by these means are used predominantly to acquire brokerage and research services (including third-party research and market data) that enhance Putnam Management’s investment capabilities and supplement Putnam Management’s internal research efforts. The Trustees indicated their continued intent to monitor regulatory and industry developments in this area with the assistance of their Brokerage Committee. In addition, with the assistance of their Brokerage Committee, the Trustees indicated their continued intent to monitor the allocation of the Putnam funds’ brokerage in order to ensure that the principle of seeking best price and execution remains paramount in the portfolio trading process.

Putnam Management may also receive benefits from payments that the funds make to Putnam Management’s affiliates for investor or distribution services. In conjunction with the annual review of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts, the Trustees reviewed your fund’s investor servicing agreement with PSERV and its distributor’s contract and distribution plans with Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership (“PRM”), both of which are affiliates of Putnam Management. The Trustees concluded that the fees payable by the funds to PSERV and PRM, as applicable, for such services are fair and reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of such services, the fees paid by competitive funds and the costs incurred by PSERV and PRM, as applicable, in providing such services. Furthermore, the Trustees were of the view that the investor services provided by PSERV were required for the operation of the funds, and that they were of a quality at least equal to those provided by other providers.

24 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Audited financial statements

These sections of the report, as well as the accompanying Notes, preceded by the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, constitute the fund’s audited financial statements.

The fund’s portfolio lists all the fund’s investments and their values as of the last day of the reporting period. Holdings are organized by asset type and industry sector, country, or state to show areas of concentration and diversification.

Statement of assets and liabilities shows how the fund’s net assets and share price are determined. All investment and non-investment assets are added together. Any unpaid expenses and other liabilities are subtracted from this total. The result is divided by the number of shares to determine the net asset value per share, which is calculated separately for each class of shares. (For funds with preferred shares, the amount subtracted from total assets includes the liquidation preference of preferred shares.)

Statement of operations shows the fund’s net investment gain or loss. This is done by first adding up all the fund’s earnings — from dividends and interest income — and subtracting its operating expenses to determine net investment income (or loss). Then, any net gain or loss the fund realized on the sales of its holdings — as well as any unrealized gains or losses over the period — is added to or subtracted from the net investment result to determine the fund’s net gain or loss for the fiscal period.

Statement of changes in net assets shows how the fund’s net assets were affected by the fund’s net investment gain or loss, by distributions to shareholders, and by changes in the number of the fund’s shares. It lists distributions and their sources (net investment income or realized capital gains) over the current reporting period and the most recent fiscal year-end. The distributions listed here may not match the sources listed in the Statement of operations because the distributions are determined on a tax basis and may be paid in a different period from the one in which they were earned.

Financial highlights provide an overview of the fund’s investment results, per-share distributions, expense ratios, net investment income ratios, and portfolio turnover in one summary table, reflecting the five most recent reporting periods. In a semiannual report, the highlights table also includes the current reporting period.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 25 

 



Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Trustees and Shareholders of
George Putnam Balanced Fund:

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including the fund’s portfolio, of George Putnam Balanced Fund (the “Fund”) as of July 31, 2021, the related statement of operations for the year ended July 31, 2021, the statement of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period ended July 31, 2021, including the related notes, and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended July 31, 2021 (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of July 31, 2021, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period ended July 31, 2021 and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended July 31, 2021 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of July 31, 2021 by correspondence with the custodian, transfer agent, and brokers; when replies were not received from brokers, we performed other auditing procedures. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
September 10, 2021

We have served as the auditor of one or more investment companies in the Putnam Investments family of mutual funds since at least 1957. We have not been able to determine the specific year we began serving as auditor.

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The fund’s portfolio 7/31/21
COMMON STOCKS (61.1%)* Shares Value
Automotive (1.4%)
Climate Change Crisis Real Impact I Acquisition Corp. Class A
(acquired 1/22/21, cost $5,038,970) (Private) † ∆∆ F P2
503,897 $5,686,982
General Motors Co. 41,922 2,382,846
Tesla, Inc. 21,715 14,922,548
United Rentals, Inc. 12,616 4,157,603
27,149,979
Basic materials (1.4%)
Alamos Gold, Inc. Class A (Canada) S 174,239 1,414,821
Anglo American PLC (United Kingdom) 36,270 1,608,501
Corteva, Inc. 54,454 2,329,542
Diversey Holdings, Ltd. 54,977 917,016
Dow, Inc. 29,974 1,863,184
DuPont de Nemours, Inc. 20,830 1,563,292
Eastman Chemical Co. 14,214 1,602,202
Fortune Brands Home & Security, Inc. 10,375 1,011,251
Freeport-McMoRan, Inc. (Indonesia) 57,117 2,176,158
Linde PLC 12,748 3,918,608
Newmont Corp. 40,909 2,569,903
Sherwin-Williams Co. (The) 18,986 5,525,496
26,499,974
Capital goods (4.0%)
Avery Dennison Corp. 21,895 4,612,839
Ball Corp. 23,052 1,864,446
Boeing Co. (The) 8,849 2,004,122
CAE, Inc. (Canada) 53,243 1,624,688
Deere & Co. 13,558 4,902,437
Eaton Corp. PLC 62,183 9,828,023
Emerson Electric Co. 58,199 5,871,697
General Dynamics Corp. 15,326 3,004,356
Honeywell International, Inc. 40,817 9,542,606
Ingersoll Rand, Inc. 51,369 2,510,403
Johnson Controls International PLC 119,244 8,516,406
Northrop Grumman Corp. 20,219 7,339,901
Otis Worldwide Corp. 68,359 6,121,548
Raytheon Technologies Corp. 116,608 10,139,066
77,882,538
Commercial and consumer services (3.0%)
Aramark 63,802 2,241,364
Booking Holdings, Inc. 2,809 6,118,732
CoStar Group, Inc. 37,710 3,350,534
Ecolab, Inc. 8,639 1,907,750
Mastercard, Inc. Class A 51,874 20,020,252
PayPal Holdings, Inc. 88,306 24,330,952
57,969,584
Communication services (0.1%)
T-Mobile US, Inc. 10,705 1,541,734
1,541,734


George Putnam Balanced Fund 27



COMMON STOCKS (61.1%)* cont. Shares Value
Computers (2.5%)
Apple, Inc. 331,734 $48,386,721
48,386,721
Conglomerates (0.2%)
General Electric Co. 238,955 3,094,467
3,094,467
Consumer staples (3.7%)
Altria Group, Inc. 73,025 3,508,121
Bunge, Ltd. 9,565 742,531
Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. 3,009 5,607,091
Coca-Cola Co. (The) 146,520 8,356,036
Constellation Brands, Inc. Class A 4,966 1,114,072
Costco Wholesale Corp. 5,209 2,238,411
McCormick & Co., Inc. (non-voting shares) 39,344 3,311,584
Molson Coors Beverage Co. Class B † S 61,475 3,005,513
PepsiCo, Inc. 98,142 15,403,387
Procter & Gamble Co. (The) 132,443 18,837,368
Sea, Ltd. ADR (Thailand) 31,996 8,836,015
70,960,129
Electronics (2.4%)
NVIDIA Corp. 117,688 22,947,983
NXP Semiconductors NV 60,823 12,553,259
ON Semiconductor Corp. 137,912 5,386,843
Vontier Corp. 157,337 5,089,852
45,977,937
Energy (1.6%)
Cairn Energy PLC (United Kingdom) 891,540 1,582,511
Cenovus Energy, Inc. (Canada) 1,094,882 9,135,718
Exxon Mobil Corp. 239,578 13,792,505
Phillips 66 1,518 111,467
Royal Dutch Shell PLC Class A (United Kingdom) 192,999 3,871,655
TotalEnergies SE (France) 64,185 2,794,317
31,288,173
Financials (7.8%)
AIA Group, Ltd. (Hong Kong) 299,400 3,591,412
American International Group, Inc. 205,410 9,726,164
Apollo Global Management, Inc. 134,133 7,895,068
Assured Guaranty, Ltd. 262,063 12,529,232
AXA SA (France) 284,534 7,385,119
Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. Class B 13,108 3,647,825
Boston Properties, Inc. R 25,718 3,018,779
Citigroup, Inc. 365,081 24,686,777
Gaming and Leisure Properties, Inc. R 227,734 10,780,928
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) 51,939 19,470,892
Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (The) 31,672 2,014,973
KKR & Co., Inc. Class A 169,075 10,780,222
Morgan Stanley 80,613 7,737,236
Prudential PLC (United Kingdom) 497,487 9,380,298
Quilter PLC (United Kingdom) 2,491,998 5,556,063
Visa, Inc. Class A 61,305 15,104,939
153,305,927


28 George Putnam Balanced Fund



COMMON STOCKS (61.1%)* cont. Shares Value
Gaming and lottery (0.8%)
Evolution AB (Sweden) 67,663 $11,787,026
Penn National Gaming, Inc. † S 40,711 2,783,818
14,570,844
Health care (8.1%)
Abbott Laboratories 74,138 8,969,215
AbbVie, Inc. 112,419 13,074,330
Amgen, Inc. 12,550 3,031,327
Anthem, Inc. 11,369 4,365,810
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Class A 8,939 6,610,480
Biogen, Inc. 15,967 5,216,898
Boston Scientific Corp. 119,091 5,430,550
Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. 55,132 3,741,809
Cigna Corp. 28,412 6,520,270
Cooper Cos., Inc. (The) 7,786 3,283,901
CVS Health Corp. 38,318 3,155,870
Danaher Corp. 36,354 10,814,951
DexCom, Inc. 7,723 3,981,284
Edwards Lifesciences Corp. 37,506 4,210,799
Eli Lilly and Co. 29,236 7,118,966
Gilead Sciences, Inc. 36,732 2,508,428
Intuitive Surgical, Inc. 4,063 4,028,302
Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 302,041 4,008,084
Johnson & Johnson 53,066 9,137,965
McKesson Corp. 10,205 2,080,085
Medtronic PLC 32,068 4,210,849
Merck & Co., Inc. 62,388 4,795,766
Pfizer, Inc. 119,693 5,124,057
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 9,271 5,327,209
Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. 21,175 11,434,712
UnitedHealth Group, Inc. 32,890 13,557,916
Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. 16,894 2,760,817
158,500,650
Homebuilding (0.2%)
PulteGroup, Inc. 73,080 4,009,900
4,009,900
Lodging/Tourism (0.3%)
Hilton Worldwide Holdings, Inc. 42,768 5,621,854
5,621,854
Media (0.2%)
Walt Disney Co. (The) 23,263 4,094,753
4,094,753
Miscellaneous (0.1%)
Soaring Eagle (acquired 5/11/21, cost $1,206,000) (Private) † ∆∆ F P1 120,600 1,071,290
1,071,290
Retail (6.6%)
Advance Auto Parts, Inc. 8,025 1,701,769
Amazon.com, Inc. 17,650 58,731,964
BJ’s Wholesale Club Holdings, Inc. † S 20,430 1,034,575
Burlington Stores, Inc. 3,802 1,272,910


George Putnam Balanced Fund 29




COMMON STOCKS (61.1%)* cont. Shares Value
Retail cont.
CarMax, Inc. 31,443 $4,211,790
Home Depot, Inc. (The) 69,192 22,708,122
L Brands, Inc. 25,282 2,024,330
lululemon athletica, Inc. (Canada) 3,381 1,352,975
Nike, Inc. Class B 41,361 6,928,381
O’Reilly Automotive, Inc. 4,215 2,545,186
Target Corp. 45,002 11,747,772
TJX Cos., Inc. (The) 51,518 3,544,954
Walmart, Inc. 82,762 11,797,723
129,602,451
Semiconductor (0.5%)
Applied Materials, Inc. 64,099 8,969,373
8,969,373
Software (6.6%)
Activision Blizzard, Inc. 107,701 9,005,958
Adobe, Inc. 30,748 19,113,879
Intuit, Inc. 22,278 11,806,672
Microsoft Corp. 265,212 75,561,551
Oracle Corp. 152,055 13,250,073
128,738,133
Technology services (6.3%)
Alphabet, Inc. Class A 24,060 64,830,392
Facebook, Inc. Class A 104,174 37,117,196
Fidelity National Information Services, Inc. 139,799 20,837,041
122,784,629
Textiles (0.1%)
Levi Strauss & Co. Class A 39,230 1,079,610
1,079,610
Toys (0.1%)
Hasbro, Inc. 18,068 1,796,682
1,796,682
Transportation (1.2%)
CSX Corp. 101,028 3,265,225
Southwest Airlines Co. 52,789 2,666,900
Union Pacific Corp. 75,820 16,586,383
22,518,508
Utilities and power (1.9%)
Ameren Corp. 38,157 3,202,135
CenterPoint Energy, Inc. 77,218 1,965,970
Exelon Corp. 166,681 7,800,671
NextEra Energy, Inc. 106,597 8,303,906
NRG Energy, Inc. 391,238 16,134,655
37,407,337
Total common stocks (cost $842,532,032) $1,184,823,177


30 George Putnam Balanced Fund




U.S. GOVERNMENT AND AGENCY
MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (7.7%)*
Principal
amount
Value
U.S. Government Guaranteed Mortgage Obligations (1.4%)
Government National Mortgage Association Pass-Through Certificates    
5.00%, with due dates from 2/20/49 to 10/20/49 2,397,600 $2,638,569
4.50%, with due dates from 3/20/49 to 10/20/49 514,358 563,867
4.00%, 4/15/43 2,663,707 2,944,645
3.50%, with due dates from 11/15/47 to 4/20/51 13,152,379 14,378,803
3.00%, with due dates from 7/20/46 to 10/20/46 3,600,622 3,820,513
2.00%, 1/20/51 1,977,526 2,027,378
26,373,775
U.S. Government Agency Mortgage Obligations (6.3%)
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation Pass-Through Certificates    
6.00%, 3/1/35 825 964
4.00%, with due dates from 7/1/42 to 7/1/49 3,964,642 4,279,186
3.50%, with due dates from 12/1/42 to 4/1/43 343,074 377,584
3.00%, with due dates from 3/1/43 to 2/1/47 1,492,635 1,581,355
2.50%, with due dates from 7/1/50 to 2/1/51 1,718,342 1,803,260
Federal National Mortgage Association Pass-Through Certificates    
5.50%, with due dates from 7/1/33 to 11/1/38 972,235 1,118,308
5.00%, with due dates from 8/1/33 to 1/1/39 287,131 323,909
4.50%, with due dates from 5/1/48 to 2/1/49 3,290,303 3,602,407
4.00%, with due dates from 9/1/45 to 4/1/49 3,375,662 3,632,711
3.50%, 5/1/56 1,148,887 1,258,347
3.50%, with due dates from 5/1/43 to 12/1/49 8,441,841 8,992,972
3.00%, with due dates from 2/1/43 to 3/1/47 4,571,526 4,904,863
3.00%, 12/1/30 1,551,610 1,634,355
2.50%, with due dates from 7/1/50 to 7/1/51 51,858,207 54,290,899
2.00%, 10/1/50 11,909,058 12,154,110
2.00%, with due dates from 10/1/27 to 8/1/28 3,799,439 3,944,962
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities    
4.50%, TBA, 8/1/51 3,000,000 3,234,258
4.00%, TBA, 9/1/51 1,000,000 1,068,906
4.00%, TBA, 8/1/51 3,000,000 3,204,961
3.50%, TBA, 9/1/51 2,000,000 2,115,158
3.50%, TBA, 8/1/51 2,000,000 2,119,454
3.00%, TBA, 9/1/51 1,000,000 1,046,132
3.00%, TBA, 8/1/51 1,000,000 1,048,203
2.50%, TBA, 9/1/51 1,000,000 1,039,492
2.50%, TBA, 8/1/51 2,000,000 2,083,516
2.00%, TBA, 8/1/51 2,000,000 2,039,723
122,899,995
Total U.S. government and agency mortgage obligations (cost $146,630,108) $149,273,770

U.S. TREASURY OBLIGATIONS (13.0%)* Principal
amount
Value
U.S. Treasury Bonds    
3.125%, 11/15/41 i $500,000 $617,235
3.00%, 2/15/47 11,500,000 14,106,432
2.75%, 8/15/42 # ∆ 25,180,000 29,211,459
1.25%, 5/15/50 10,760,000 9,159,030


George Putnam Balanced Fund 31




U.S. TREASURY OBLIGATIONS (13.0%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
U.S. Treasury Notes    
2.75%, 2/15/24 $23,410,000 $24,881,145
2.375%, 8/15/24 29,030,000 30,801,437
2.25%, 11/15/27 12,740,000 13,796,258
2.125%, 12/31/22 11,770,000 12,099,899
2.00%, 11/30/22 i 159,000 163,506
1.75%, 11/15/29 i 9,000 9,492
1.625%, 2/15/26 9,670,000 10,099,634
1.625%, 10/31/23 18,870,000 19,458,880
1.50%, 2/15/30 12,010,000 12,355,757
1.50%, 3/31/23 22,000,000 22,491,084
1.125%, 2/28/25 29,610,000 30,297,044
0.25%, 6/15/23 23,390,000 23,423,806
Total U.S. treasury obligations (cost $250,738,270) $252,972,098

CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* Principal
amount
Value
Basic materials (0.8%)
Celanese US Holdings, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.50%, 5/8/24 (Germany)   $289,000 $309,045
Celanese US Holdings, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 1.40%, 8/5/26 (Germany)   750,000 751,622
CF Industries, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. notes 4.50%, 12/1/26   1,595,000 1,847,365
Georgia-Pacific, LLC 144A sr. unsec. sub. notes 2.10%, 4/30/27   1,525,000 1,592,397
Glencore Funding, LLC 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 2.50%, 9/1/30   1,998,000 2,015,288
Huntsman International, LLC sr. unsec. notes 4.50%, 5/1/29   1,600,000 1,844,101
International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 4.45%, 9/26/28   625,000 733,943
International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 3.468%, 12/1/50   204,000 222,003
International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. notes 2.30%, 11/1/30   356,000 364,248
International Paper Co. sr. unsec. notes 8.70%, 6/15/38   10,000 17,094
Nutrien, Ltd. sr. unsec. notes 2.95%, 5/13/30 (Canada)   1,305,000 1,403,001
Sherwin-Williams Co. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 3.45%, 6/1/27   801,000 890,172
WestRock MWV, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8.20%, 1/15/30   1,040,000 1,484,843
WestRock MWV, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7.95%, 2/15/31   187,000 270,156
Weyerhaeuser Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7.375%, 3/15/32 R   553,000 805,229
14,550,507
Capital goods (0.6%)
Berry Global, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. notes 1.65%, 1/15/27   1,045,000 1,046,066
Berry Global, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsub. notes 1.57%, 1/15/26   1,225,000 1,232,105
Boeing Co. (The) sr. unsec. bonds 5.93%, 5/1/60   670,000 926,918
Boeing Co. (The) sr. unsec. notes 4.875%, 5/1/25   685,000 768,134
Johnson Controls International PLC sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.50%, 2/15/47   1,145,000 1,463,038


32 George Putnam Balanced Fund



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Capital goods cont.
L3Harris Technologies, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 1.80%, 1/15/31   $480,000 $473,218
L3Harris Technologies, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 3.85%, 12/15/26   940,000 1,060,991
L3Harris Technologies, Inc. sr. unsec. sub. notes 4.40%, 6/15/28   510,000 595,973
Northrop Grumman Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.25%, 1/15/28   1,619,000 1,780,457
Oshkosh Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.10%, 3/1/30   164,000 176,659
Otis Worldwide Corp. sr. unsec. notes 2.565%, 2/15/30   695,000 734,292
Waste Connections, Inc. sr. unsec. sub. bonds 3.50%, 5/1/29   1,010,000 1,127,745
11,385,596
Communication services (1.6%)
American Tower Corp. sr. unsec. bonds 2.70%, 4/15/31 R   1,953,000 2,047,861
American Tower Corp. sr. unsec. notes 2.90%, 1/15/30 R   921,000 979,647
American Tower Corp. sr. unsec. sub. notes 2.75%, 1/15/27 R   686,000 730,268
AT&T, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.30%, 6/1/27   1,227,000 1,284,667
AT&T, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 3.30%, 2/1/52   1,700,000 1,692,865
AT&T, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2.25%, 2/1/32   1,107,000 1,103,683
AT&T, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.75%, 5/15/46   132,000 162,117
AT&T, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. bonds 3.55%, 9/15/55   62,000 64,043
AT&T, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2.55%, 12/1/33   2,013,000 2,030,782
CC Holdings GS V, LLC/Crown Castle GS III Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 3.849%, 4/15/23   240,000 253,655
Charter Communications Operating, LLC/Charter Communications Operating Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. bonds 2.80%, 4/1/31   291,000 301,871
Charter Communications Operating, LLC/Charter Communications Operating Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 3.75%, 2/15/28   274,000 304,771
Charter Communications Operating, LLC/Charter Communications Operating Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. sub. bonds 6.484%, 10/23/45   1,055,000 1,484,128
Charter Communications Operating, LLC/Charter Communications Operating Capital Corp. sr. bonds 3.70%, 4/1/51   65,000 65,739
Charter Communications Operating, LLC/Charter Communications Operating Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. sub. bonds 5.375%, 5/1/47   506,000 625,956
Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 3.999%, 11/1/49   921,000 1,106,074
Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2.35%, 1/15/27   481,000 509,245
Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6.50%, 11/15/35   268,000 394,827
Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.15%, 3/1/26   9,000 9,816
Comcast Corp. sr. unsec. bonds 3.45%, 2/1/50   1,618,000 1,806,042
Cox Communications, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 2.95%, 10/1/50   766,000 728,977
Cox Communications, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. bonds 3.50%, 8/15/27   637,000 706,696
Cox Communications, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. notes 3.35%, 9/15/26   551,000 602,501
Crown Castle International Corp. sr. unsec. bonds 3.80%, 2/15/28 R   458,000 514,713
Crown Castle International Corp. sr. unsec. bonds 3.65%, 9/1/27 R   549,000 612,072
Crown Castle International Corp. sr. unsec. notes 4.75%, 5/15/47 R   185,000 233,406


George Putnam Balanced Fund 33



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Communication services cont.
Crown Castle International Corp. sr. unsec. sub. bonds 3.30%, 7/1/30 R   $205,000 $223,247
Crown Castle International Corp. sr. unsec. sub. bonds 2.25%, 1/15/31   1,275,000 1,278,543
Equinix, Inc. sr. unsec. sub. notes 3.20%, 11/18/29 R   1,483,000 1,614,655
Rogers Communications, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 8.75%, 5/1/32 (Canada)   95,000 147,295
Rogers Communications, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.50%, 3/15/43 (Canada)   215,000 253,459
Sprint Spectrum Co., LLC/Sprint Spectrum Co. II, LLC/Sprint Spectrum Co. III, LLC 144A company guaranty sr. notes 3.36%, 9/20/21   59,688 59,896
T-Mobile USA, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 3.875%, 4/15/30   48,000 54,196
T-Mobile USA, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 3.75%, 4/15/27   1,762,000 1,964,419
T-Mobile USA, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 2.55%, 2/15/31   695,000 711,437
Verizon Communications, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 3.70%, 3/22/61   960,000 1,060,490
Verizon Communications, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 3.15%, 3/22/30   700,000 762,684
Verizon Communications, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 2.55%, 3/21/31   480,000 499,059
Verizon Communications, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.329%, 9/21/28   1,904,000 2,233,164
Videotron, Ltd./Videotron Ltee. 144A sr. unsec. notes 5.125%, 4/15/27 (Canada)   490,000 510,825
31,729,791
Conglomerates (—%)
General Electric Co. jr. unsec. sub. FRN (BBA LIBOR USD 3 Month + 3.33%), 3.449%, perpetual maturity   689,000 673,498
673,498
Consumer cyclicals (1.2%)
Alimentation Couche-Tard, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.55%, 7/26/27 (Canada)   995,000 1,105,694
Alimentation Couche-Tard, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. notes 2.95%, 1/25/30 (Canada)   919,000 972,373
Amazon.com, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 4.05%, 8/22/47   1,105,000 1,365,345
Amazon.com, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 3.15%, 8/22/27   654,000 725,725
Amazon.com, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 1.50%, 6/3/30   600,000 594,156
Autonation, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 4.50%, 10/1/25   255,000 284,371
Autonation, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 2.40%, 8/1/31   454,000 456,540
BMW US Capital, LLC 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.95%, 8/14/28   671,000 773,998
BMW US Capital, LLC 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.40%, 8/13/21   390,000 390,344
Discovery Communications, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.625%, 5/15/30   473,000 521,509
General Motors Co. sr. unsec. bonds 5.95%, 4/1/49   553,000 757,163
General Motors Co. sr. unsec. bonds 5.20%, 4/1/45   225,000 281,356
General Motors Financial Co., Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 4.00%, 10/6/26   287,000 318,416
General Motors Financial Co., Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.30%, 7/13/25   252,000 279,654
General Motors Financial Co., Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.00%, 1/15/25   175,000 191,317


34 George Putnam Balanced Fund



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Consumer cyclicals cont.
Global Payments, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 2.90%, 5/15/30   $889,000 $944,551
IHS Markit, Ltd. 144A company guaranty notes 4.75%, 2/15/25 (United Kingdom)   1,415,000 1,579,494
IHS Markit, Ltd. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 4.00%, 3/1/26 (United Kingdom)   350,000 388,938
Interpublic Group of Cos., Inc. (The) sr. unsec. sub. bonds 4.65%, 10/1/28   1,668,000 1,979,211
Lennar Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.75%, 11/29/27   1,449,000 1,688,390
Moody’s Corp. sr. unsec. bonds 2.55%, 8/18/60   585,000 537,512
Omnicom Group, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.60%, 4/15/26   416,000 462,109
Omnicom Group, Inc. sr. unsec. sub. notes 2.45%, 4/30/30   1,330,000 1,375,115
QVC, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 4.85%, 4/1/24   390,000 422,663
S&P Global, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 2.50%, 12/1/29   1,550,000 1,655,952
S&P Global, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 1.25%, 8/15/30   423,000 406,946
Sirius XM Radio, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. bonds 5.00%, 8/1/27   1,115,000 1,167,963
ViacomCBS, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 4.20%, 6/1/29   360,000 419,535
ViacomCBS, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2.90%, 1/15/27   457,000 491,380
ViacomCBS, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.00%, 1/15/26   198,000 221,065
ViacomCBS, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 4.20%, 5/19/32   8,000 9,359
Walt Disney Co. (The) company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 4.75%, 9/15/44   30,000 40,095
22,808,239
Consumer staples (1.0%)
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 5.55%, 1/23/49   1,172,000 1,646,229
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.95%, 1/15/42   200,000 256,612
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.60%, 4/15/48   1,389,000 1,730,545
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.75%, 1/23/29   827,000 994,764
Ashtead Capital, Inc. 144A notes 4.375%, 8/15/27   1,155,000 1,209,863
Ashtead Capital, Inc. 144A notes 4.00%, 5/1/28   1,190,000 1,252,475
CVS Pass-Through Trust 144A sr. mtge. notes 7.507%, 1/10/32   503,319 640,163
ERAC USA Finance, LLC 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 7.00%, 10/15/37   1,434,000 2,177,770
ERAC USA Finance, LLC 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 5.625%, 3/15/42   566,000 791,689
Keurig Dr Pepper, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 3.20%, 5/1/30   187,000 205,939
Keurig Dr Pepper, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 2.25%, 3/15/31   905,000 926,314
Keurig Dr Pepper, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.597%, 5/25/28   717,000 849,733
Kraft Heinz Foods Co. company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 4.375%, 6/1/46   1,090,000 1,255,952


George Putnam Balanced Fund 35



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Consumer staples cont.
Kraft Heinz Foods Co. company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. notes 4.875%, 10/1/49   $925,000 $1,153,702
Kraft Heinz Foods Co. company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. notes 3.875%, 5/15/27   215,000 238,117
Lamb Weston Holdings, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.875%, 11/1/26   816,000 841,949
Mondelez International Holdings Netherlands BV 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.00%, 10/28/21 (Netherlands)   1,000,000 1,002,690
Netflix, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.375%, 11/15/26   1,660,000 1,883,170
19,057,676
Energy (0.5%)
BG Energy Capital PLC 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.00%, 10/15/21 (United Kingdom)   250,000 251,750
BP Capital Markets America, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.119%, 5/4/26   770,000 839,237
BP Capital Markets America, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.937%, 9/21/28   690,000 793,243
Cheniere Corpus Christi Holdings, LLC company guaranty sr. notes 5.125%, 6/30/27   1,245,000 1,458,348
ConocoPhillips 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.75%, 10/1/27   999,000 1,137,128
Diamondback Energy, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.25%, 12/1/26   780,000 842,237
Equinor ASA company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 5.10%, 8/17/40 (Norway)   550,000 743,626
Sabine Pass Liquefaction, LLC sr. bonds 4.20%, 3/15/28   175,000 198,484
Sabine Pass Liquefaction, LLC sr. notes 5.00%, 3/15/27   878,000 1,023,459
Transcanada Trust company guaranty jr. unsec. sub. FRB 5.30%, 3/15/77 (Canada)   1,285,000 1,379,576
8,667,088
Financials (4.6%)
Air Lease Corp. sr. unsec. notes Ser. MTN, 3.00%, 2/1/30   1,625,000 1,679,383
Air Lease Corp. sr. unsec. sub. bonds 4.625%, 10/1/28   328,000 375,538
Air Lease Corp. sr. unsec. sub. notes 3.25%, 10/1/29   928,000 980,493
American International Group, Inc. jr. unsec. sub. FRB 8.175%, 5/15/58   107,000 158,761
Aon PLC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.25%, 12/12/42   1,265,000 1,505,859
Ares Capital Corp. sr. unsec. sub. notes 3.875%, 1/15/26   1,555,000 1,678,348
Australia & New Zealand Banking Group, Ltd. 144A unsec. sub. FRB 2.57%, 11/25/35 (Australia)   920,000 906,401
Australia & New Zealand Banking Group, Ltd./United Kingdom 144A jr. unsec. sub. FRB 6.75%, perpetual maturity (United Kingdom)   200,000 235,000
Banco Santander SA unsec. sub. notes 5.179%, 11/19/25 (Spain)   1,200,000 1,375,560
Bank of America Corp. jr. unsec. sub. bonds Ser. JJ, 5.125%, perpetual maturity   1,135,000 1,210,239
Bank of America Corp. jr. unsec. sub. FRN Ser. AA, 6.10%, perpetual maturity   314,000 348,933
Bank of America Corp. sr. unsec. FRN Ser. MTN, 2.496%, 2/13/31   715,000 736,776


36 George Putnam Balanced Fund



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Financials cont.
Bank of America Corp. unsec. sub. FRN (BBA LIBOR USD 3 Month + 0.76%), 0.879%, 9/15/26   $275,000 $273,353
Bank of America Corp. unsec. sub. notes 6.11%, 1/29/37   600,000 833,953
Bank of Montreal unsec. sub. FRN 3.803%, 12/15/32 (Canada)   390,000 433,949
Bank of Nova Scotia (The) sr. unsec. notes 2.00%, 11/15/22 (Canada)   3,100,000 3,169,001
Berkshire Hathaway Finance Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 2.85%, 10/15/50   5,000 5,125
Berkshire Hathaway Finance Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 4.30%, 5/15/43   808,000 1,025,796
BNP Paribas SA 144A jr. unsec. sub. FRN 4.625%, perpetual maturity (replace maturity with perpetual maturity) (France)   305,000 317,139
BNP Paribas SA 144A unsec. sub. FRB 2.588%, 8/12/35 (France)   695,000 686,203
BPCE SA 144A unsec. sub. notes 5.15%, 7/21/24 (France)   810,000 901,208
BPCE SA 144A unsec. sub. notes 4.50%, 3/15/25 (France)   1,060,000 1,176,027
Camden Property Trust sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.875%, 6/15/23 R   1,213,000 1,294,192
Cantor Fitzgerald LP 144A unsec. notes 6.50%, 6/17/22   824,000 865,222
Capital One Financial Corp. unsec. sub. FRB 2.359%, 7/29/32   1,447,000 1,460,310
Capital One Financial Corp. unsec. sub. notes 4.20%, 10/29/25   227,000 254,982
CIT Bank NA sr. unsec. FRN Ser. BKNT, 2.969%, 9/27/25   250,000 263,438
CIT Group, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.25%, 3/7/25   1,894,000 2,135,485
Citigroup, Inc. jr. unsec. sub. FRN 3.875%, perpetual maturity (replace maturity with perpetual maturity)   1,580,000 1,625,425
Citigroup, Inc. sr. unsec. FRB 3.668%, 7/24/28   10,000 11,096
Citigroup, Inc. unsec. sub. bonds 4.75%, 5/18/46   1,540,000 1,981,828
Citigroup, Inc. unsec. sub. bonds 4.45%, 9/29/27   2,634,000 3,039,334
CNO Financial Group, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.25%, 5/30/25   241,000 274,234
Commonwealth Bank of Australia 144A unsec. sub. notes 2.688%, 3/11/31 (Australia)   535,000 543,200
Cooperatieve Centrale Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank BA/Netherlands company guaranty unsec. sub. notes 4.625%, 12/1/23 (Netherlands)   250,000 272,816
Cooperative Rabobank UA company guaranty unsec. sub. notes 3.75%, 7/21/26 (Netherlands)   285,000 315,204
Credit Agricole SA 144A unsec. sub. FRN 4.00%, 1/10/33 (France)   340,000 371,450
Credit Suisse AG sr. unsec. notes 1.00%, 5/5/23   3,100,000 3,133,773
Credit Suisse Group AG 144A sr. unsec. bonds 3.869%, 1/12/29 (Switzerland)   443,000 492,032
Credit Suisse Group AG 144A sr. unsec. FRN 2.193%, 6/5/26 (Switzerland)   320,000 328,843
Credit Suisse Group AG 144A unsec. sub. notes 6.50%, 8/8/23 (Switzerland)   729,000 803,480
Deutsche Bank AG unsec. sub. FRB 3.729%, 1/14/32 (Germany)   1,730,000 1,780,670
Digital Realty Trust LP company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 4.45%, 7/15/28 R   1,395,000 1,637,646
Fairfax Financial Holdings, Ltd. sr. unsec. notes 4.85%, 4/17/28 (Canada)   1,225,000 1,428,407
Fairfax US, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 4.875%, 8/13/24   330,000 361,444
Fifth Third Bancorp jr. unsec. sub. FRB 5.10%, perpetual maturity   217,000 224,270


George Putnam Balanced Fund 37



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Financials cont.
Five Corners Funding Trust 144A sr. unsec. bonds 4.419%, 11/15/23   $425,000 $462,037
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) jr. unsec. sub. FRN 3.65%, 7/28/51   1,055,000 1,062,913
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. FRB 4.223%, 5/1/29   804,000 924,746
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.85%, 1/26/27   1,477,000 1,635,332
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.60%, 2/7/30   3,535,000 3,693,255
Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 2.65%, 9/15/40   963,000 946,761
Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 1.85%, 9/15/32   482,000 467,189
Intesa Sanpaolo SpA 144A unsec. sub. bonds 4.198%, 6/1/32 (Italy)   1,710,000 1,739,934
JPMorgan Chase & Co. jr. unsec. bonds 6.10%, perpetual maturity   195,000 212,306
JPMorgan Chase & Co. jr. unsec. sub. FRB Ser. HH, 4.60%, perpetual maturity   1,113,000 1,151,955
JPMorgan Chase & Co. jr. unsec. sub. FRB Ser. W, (BBA LIBOR USD 3 Month + 1.00%), 1.156%, 5/15/47   664,000 569,277
JPMorgan Chase & Co. jr. unsec. sub. FRN 3.65%, perpetual maturity   195,000 196,828
JPMorgan Chase & Co. sr. unsec. unsub. FRB 3.964%, 11/15/48   1,710,000 2,023,387
JPMorgan Chase & Co. unsec. sub. FRB 2.956%, 5/13/31   2,338,000 2,489,956
KKR Group Finance Co. VI, LLC 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 3.75%, 7/1/29   105,000 118,985
Lloyds Banking Group PLC unsec. sub. notes 4.65%, 3/24/26 (United Kingdom)   315,000 359,321
Marsh & McLennan Cos., Inc. sr. unsec. sub. notes 4.375%, 3/15/29   1,422,000 1,685,750
Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co. 144A unsec. sub. bonds 3.729%, 10/15/70   1,457,000 1,607,257
MetLife Capital Trust IV 144A jr. unsec. sub. notes 7.875%, 12/15/37   2,564,000 3,589,600
Morgan Stanley unsec. sub. notes Ser. GMTN, 4.35%, 9/8/26   3,409,000 3,882,405
Prologis LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.25%, 4/15/30 R   467,000 485,510
Prologis LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.125%, 4/15/27 R   194,000 203,236
Prudential Financial, Inc. jr. unsec. sub. FRN 5.20%, 3/15/44   1,485,000 1,597,712
Royal Bank of Canada unsec. sub. notes Ser. GMTN, 4.65%, 1/27/26 (Canada)   322,000 369,856
Societe Generale SA 144A jr. unsec. sub. notes 5.375%, perpetual maturity (France)   1,180,000 1,270,947
Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc. 144A unsec. sub. bonds 4.436%, 4/2/24 (Japan)   412,000 448,542
Teachers Insurance & Annuity Association of America 144A unsec. sub. notes 6.85%, 12/16/39   263,000 408,258
Toronto-Dominion Bank (The) unsec. sub. FRB 3.625%, 9/15/31 (Canada)   759,000 847,131
Truist Financial Corp. jr. unsec. sub. FRB Ser. N, 4.80%, 9/1/24   580,000 616,940
U.S. Bancorp unsec. sub. notes 3.00%, 7/30/29   1,955,000 2,141,858
UBS AG unsec. sub. notes 5.125%, 5/15/24 (Switzerland)   2,640,000 2,913,319
Wells Fargo & Co. jr. unsec. sub. FRB Ser. U, 5.875%, perpetual maturity   580,000 653,950
Wells Fargo & Co. jr. unsec. sub. FRN 3.90%, perpetual maturity   610,000 633,265
Wells Fargo Bank, NA unsec. sub. notes Ser. BKNT, 6.60%, 1/15/38   1,095,000 1,635,192


38 George Putnam Balanced Fund



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Financials cont.
Westpac Banking Corp. unsec. sub. bonds 4.421%, 7/24/39 (Australia)   $670,000 $808,191
Westpac Banking Corp. unsec. sub. bonds 2.963%, 11/16/40 (Australia)   597,000 600,825
89,365,752
Health care (1.4%)
AbbVie, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 3.20%, 11/21/29   2,440,000 2,678,746
Amgen, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 4.663%, 6/15/51   710,000 938,422
Amgen, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.60%, 8/19/26   273,000 291,088
Becton Dickinson and Co. sr. unsec. notes 2.823%, 5/20/30   820,000 872,122
Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. sr. unsec. notes 2.75%, 2/15/23   3,100,000 3,215,923
Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. sr. unsec. sub. notes 3.40%, 7/26/29   2,325,000 2,633,421
Cigna Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.75%, 7/15/23   1,008,000 1,070,464
CVS Health Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.78%, 3/25/38   1,600,000 2,008,552
CVS Health Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.70%, 3/9/23   98,000 102,953
CVS Pass-Through Trust 144A sr. mtge. notes 4.704%, 1/10/36   536,687 615,294
DH Europe Finance II Sarl company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 3.40%, 11/15/49 (Luxembourg)   1,425,000 1,594,606
DH Europe Finance II Sarl company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 2.60%, 11/15/29 (Luxembourg)   600,000 637,113
HCA, Inc. company guaranty sr. bonds 5.25%, 6/15/26   143,000 166,601
HCA, Inc. company guaranty sr. bonds 3.50%, 7/15/51   341,000 352,088
HCA, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 4.125%, 6/15/29   505,000 576,396
HCA, Inc. company guaranty sr. sub. bonds 5.50%, 6/15/47   270,000 359,108
HCA, Inc. company guaranty sr. sub. notes 5.00%, 3/15/24   475,000 525,482
Service Corp. International sr. unsec. notes 4.625%, 12/15/27   185,000 194,713
Service Corp. International sr. unsec. notes 3.375%, 8/15/30   165,000 164,571
Service Corp. International sr. unsec. sub. notes 4.00%, 5/15/31   1,335,000 1,378,187
UnitedHealth Group, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.00%, 5/15/30   1,602,000 1,639,717
Viatris, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 4.00%, 6/22/50   2,820,000 3,052,822
Viatris, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 2.30%, 6/22/27   565,000 581,202
Zoetis, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 3.90%, 8/20/28   1,210,000 1,393,304
Zoetis, Inc. sr. unsec. sub. notes 2.00%, 5/15/30   306,000 310,058
27,352,953
Technology (1.5%)
Alphabet, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 2.25%, 8/15/60   1,200,000 1,087,536
Alphabet, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 1.998%, 8/15/26   748,000 787,542
Apple, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 2.80%, 2/8/61   3,480,000 3,450,072
Apple, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 1.65%, 5/11/30   15,000 15,055
Apple, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.375%, 5/13/45   342,000 437,547
Apple, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.85%, 5/4/43   486,000 585,981
Broadcom, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 4.15%, 11/15/30   2,637,000 2,989,006
Broadcom, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. bonds 3.75%, 2/15/51   676,000 714,053
Cisco Systems, Inc./California sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.625%, 3/4/24   3,100,000 3,355,805


George Putnam Balanced Fund 39



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Technology cont.
Dell International, LLC/EMC Corp. company guaranty sr. bonds 8.35%, 7/15/46   $271,000 $443,613
Fidelity National Information Services, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 2.25%, 3/1/31   1,875,000 1,905,505
Fiserv, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 3.50%, 7/1/29   540,000 603,137
Fiserv, Inc. sr. unsec. sub. bonds 4.20%, 10/1/28   1,295,000 1,501,031
Microchip Technology, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 4.333%, 6/1/23   710,000 754,852
Microsoft Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2.921%, 3/17/52   1,150,000 1,239,185
Oracle Corp. sr. unsec. bonds 3.65%, 3/25/41   1,750,000 1,898,576
Salesforce.com, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 3.05%, 7/15/61   1,463,000 1,522,838
Salesforce.com, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds 2.90%, 7/15/51   1,462,000 1,499,425
Sensata Technologies, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 3.75%, 2/15/31   1,310,000 1,319,825
ServiceNow, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 1.40%, 9/1/30   1,520,000 1,454,204
VMware, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2.20%, 8/15/31   1,766,000 1,763,102
29,327,890
Transportation (—%)
Penske Truck Leasing Co. LP/PTL Finance Corp. 144A sr. unsec. bonds 3.40%, 11/15/26   595,000 652,614
652,614
Utilities and power (0.9%)
AES Corp. (The) 144A sr. unsec. bonds 2.45%, 1/15/31   1,045,000 1,056,604
American Electric Power Co., Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. J, 4.30%, 12/1/28   528,000 614,297
Appalachian Power Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. L, 5.80%, 10/1/35   560,000 741,666
Commonwealth Edison Co. sr. mtge. bonds 5.875%, 2/1/33   610,000 828,407
Consolidated Edison Co. of New York, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.20%, 3/15/42   255,000 303,537
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC sr. mtge. notes 4.25%, 12/15/41   520,000 641,293
Duke Energy Ohio, Inc. sr. bonds 3.65%, 2/1/29   280,000 315,626
El Paso Natural Gas Co., LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8.375%, 6/15/32   490,000 738,941
Enbridge, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.25%, 12/1/26 (Canada)   416,000 471,409
Energy Transfer LP jr. unsec. sub. FRN 6.625%, perpetual maturity   2,076,000 2,039,462
Energy Transfer Operating LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7.60%, 2/1/24   470,000 534,612
Energy Transfer Operating LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6.50%, 2/1/42   137,000 180,093
Enterprise Products Operating, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 2.80%, 1/31/30   1,704,000 1,827,601
Enterprise Products Operating, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.25%, 2/15/48   560,000 653,230
IPALCO Enterprises, Inc. sr. notes 4.25%, 5/1/30   813,000 925,593
IPALCO Enterprises, Inc. sr. sub. notes 3.70%, 9/1/24   340,000 366,836
Kinder Morgan Energy Partners LP company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 5.40%, 9/1/44   199,000 252,517
NRG Energy, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. notes 3.75%, 6/15/24   620,000 662,053
Oncor Electric Delivery Co., LLC sr. notes 5.75%, 3/15/29   445,000 565,056
Pacific Gas and Electric Co. notes 2.10%, 8/1/27   235,000 228,610
PacifiCorp sr. bonds 2.70%, 9/15/30   656,000 700,261


40 George Putnam Balanced Fund




CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (14.1%)* cont. Principal
amount
Value
Utilities and power cont.
Vistra Operations Co., LLC 144A company guaranty sr. notes 4.30%, 7/15/29   $442,000 $483,630
Vistra Operations Co., LLC 144A company guaranty sr. notes 3.55%, 7/15/24   523,000 555,905
WEC Energy Group, Inc. jr. unsec. sub. FRN Ser. A, (BBA LIBOR USD 3 Month + 2.11%), 2.268%, 5/15/67   1,945,000 1,818,575
17,505,814
Total corporate bonds and notes (cost $253,631,659) $273,077,418

MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (0.9%)* Principal
amount
Value
BANK Ser. 19-BN19, Class AS, 3.446%, 8/15/61   $797,000 $882,485
Citigroup Commercial Mortgage Trust      
Ser. 14-GC21, Class C, 4.78%, 5/10/47 W   508,000 529,683
Ser. 14-GC21, Class AS, 4.026%, 5/10/47   617,000 658,958
Ser. 18-B2, Class A4, 4.009%, 3/10/51   1,749,000 2,005,813
COMM Mortgage Trust      
FRB Ser. 12-LC4, Class C, 5.553%, 12/10/44 W   241,000 225,138
FRB Ser. 14-CR18, Class C, 4.756%, 7/15/47 W   2,392,000 2,453,697
Ser. 13-CR13, Class AM, 4.449%, 11/10/46 W   777,000 835,409
Ser. 12-CR1, Class AM, 3.912%, 5/15/45   1,046,000 1,062,895
Eagle Re, Ltd. 144A FRB Ser. 18-1, Class M1, (1 Month US LIBOR + 1.70%), 1.789%, 11/25/28 (Bermuda)   261,538 262,231
Federal National Mortgage Association      
Connecticut Avenue Securities FRB Ser. 16-C01, Class 1M2, (1 Month US LIBOR + 6.75%), 6.839%, 8/25/28   486,073 514,507
Connecticut Avenue Securities FRB Ser. 16-C02, Class 1M2, (1 Month US LIBOR + 6.00%), 6.089%, 9/25/28   50,531 53,069
Connecticut Avenue Securities FRB Ser. 17-C01, Class 1EB1, (1 Month US LIBOR + 1.25%), 1.339%, 7/25/29   260,000 260,975
REMICs Ser. 01-79, Class BI, IO, 0.268%, 3/25/45 W   416,671 2,083
FIRSTPLUS Home Loan Owner Trust Ser. 97-3, Class B1, 7.79%, 11/10/23 (In default)   194,241 19
Home Re, Ltd. 144A FRB Ser. 18-1, Class M1, (1 Month US LIBOR + 1.60%), 1.689%, 10/25/28 (Bermuda)   175,194 175,548
JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust FRB Ser. 12-C6, Class D, 5.141%, 5/15/45 W   772,000 708,277
JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust 144A FRB Ser. 12-C8, Class D, 4.669%, 10/15/45 W   404,000 384,354
Morgan Stanley Bank of America Merrill Lynch Trust Ser. 16-C28, Class A4, 3.544%, 1/15/49   3,360,000 3,678,149
Morgan Stanley Capital I Trust Ser. 18-L1, Class A4, 4.407%, 10/15/51 W   875,000 1,028,413
Morgan Stanley Capital I Trust 144A FRB Ser. 12-C4, Class D, 5.409%, 3/15/45 W   1,794,000 1,629,704
TIAA Real Estate CDO, Ltd. 144A Ser. 03-1A, Class E, 8.00%, 12/28/38 (In default)   2,032,334 20
Total mortgage-backed securities (cost $18,530,068) $17,351,427


George Putnam Balanced Fund 41




MUNICIPAL BONDS AND NOTES (0.1%)* Principal
amount
Value
CA State G.O. Bonds, (Build America Bonds), 7.50%, 4/1/34   $215,000 $344,039
North TX, Tollway Auth. Rev. Bonds, (Build America Bonds), 6.718%, 1/1/49   350,000 596,106
OH State U. Rev. Bonds, (Build America Bonds), 4.91%, 6/1/40   275,000 375,210
Total municipal bonds and notes (cost $841,125) $1,315,355

SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (4.5%)* Shares Value
Putnam Cash Collateral Pool, LLC 0.09% d 5,789,325 $5,789,325
Putnam Short Term Investment Fund Class P 0.09% L 82,200,848 82,200,848
State Street Institutional U.S. Government Money Market Fund, Premier Class 0.03% P 300,000 300,000
Total short-term investments (cost $88,290,173) $88,290,173

TOTAL INVESTMENTS
Total investments (cost $1,601,193,435) $1,967,103,418

Key to holding’s abbreviations
ADR American Depository Receipts: represents ownership of foreign securities on deposit with a custodian bank
BKNT Bank Note
FRB Floating Rate Bonds: the rate shown is the current interest rate at the close of the reporting period. Rates may be subject to a cap or floor. For certain securities, the rate may represent a fixed rate currently in place at the close of the reporting period.
FRN Floating Rate Notes: the rate shown is the current interest rate or yield at the close of the reporting period. Rates may be subject to a cap or floor. For certain securities, the rate may represent a fixed rate currently in place at the close of the reporting period.
GMTN Global Medium Term Notes
G.O. Bonds General Obligation Bonds
IO Interest Only
MTN Medium Term Notes
TBA To Be Announced Commitments
Notes to the fund’s portfolio
Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from August 1, 2020 through July 31, 2021 (the reporting period). Within the following notes to the portfolio, references to “Putnam Management” represent Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and references to “ASC 820” represent Accounting Standards Codification 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.
* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $1,940,601,858.
This security is non-income-producing.
∆∆ This security is restricted with regard to public resale. The total fair value of this security and any other restricted securities (excluding 144A securities), if any, held at the close of the reporting period was $6,758,272, or less than 0.1% of net assets.
# This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the broker to cover margin requirements for futures contracts at the close of the reporting period. Collateral at period end totaled $1,841,312 and is included in Investments in securities on the Statement of assets and liabilities (Notes 1 and 8).
This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the custodian for collateral on certain derivative contracts at the close of the reporting period. Collateral at period end totaled $306,103 and is included in Investments in securities on the Statement of assets and liabilities (Notes 1 and 8).
d Affiliated company. See Notes 1 and 5 to the financial statements regarding securities lending. The rate quoted in the security description is the annualized 7-day yield of the fund at the close of the reporting period.


42 George Putnam Balanced Fund




F This security is valued by Putnam Management at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. Securities are classified as Level 3 for ASC 820 based on the securities’ valuation inputs (Note 1).
i This security was pledged, or purchased with cash that was pledged, to the fund for collateral on certain derivative contracts (Note 1).
L Affiliated company (Note 5). The rate quoted in the security description is the annualized 7-day yield of the fund at the close of the reporting period.
P This security was pledged, or purchased with cash that was pledged, to the fund for collateral on certain derivative contracts. The rate quoted in the security description is the annualized 7-day yield of the fund at the close of the reporting period.
R Real Estate Investment Trust.
S Security on loan, in part or in entirety, at the close of the reporting period (Note 1).
W The rate shown represents the weighted average coupon associated with the underlying mortgage pools. Rates may be subject to a cap or floor.
P1 The investment is an irrevocable commitment made in a private investment transaction to purchase shares of a special purpose acquisition corporation upon consummation of a merger or other identified acquisition transaction in the aggregate amount of $1,206,000, the deferred settlement of which is included as a payable as a purchase of delayed delivery securities.
P2 Represents an investment in the shares of a special purpose acquisition corporation that are subject to certain restrictions on transfer and awaiting finalization of a resale registration statement that the company has filed with the SEC.
At the close of the reporting period, the fund maintained liquid assets totaling $20,323,988 to cover certain derivative contracts, delayed delivery securities and the settlement of certain securities.
Unless otherwise noted, the rates quoted in Short-term investments security descriptions represent the weighted average yield to maturity.
Debt obligations are considered secured unless otherwise indicated.
144A after the name of an issuer represents securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers.
See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding TBA commitments.
The dates shown on debt obligations are the original maturity dates.

FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 7/31/21 (aggregate face value $110,238,043)
Counterparty Currency Contract
type*
Delivery
date
Value Aggregate
face value
Unrealized
appreciation/
(depreciation)
Bank of America N.A.
British Pound Sell 9/15/21 $4,330,865 $4,458,948 $128,083
Swedish Krona Sell 9/15/21 1,484,694 1,547,601 62,907
Barclays Bank PLC
British Pound Sell 9/15/21 12,223,149 12,439,944 216,795
Canadian Dollar Sell 10/20/21 2,768,638 2,757,627 (11,011)
Euro Sell 9/15/21 6,568,103 6,755,205 187,102
Swedish Krona Sell 9/15/21 7,841,238 8,171,172 329,934
Citibank, N.A.
British Pound Buy 9/15/21 4,958,656 5,045,661 (87,005)
Canadian Dollar Sell 10/20/21 6,173,510 6,149,783 (23,727)
Danish Krone Buy 9/15/21 3,211,157 3,229,910 (18,753)
Danish Krone Sell 9/15/21 3,205,763 3,292,287 86,524
Euro Sell 9/15/21 3,311,358 3,406,235 94,877
Goldman Sachs International
British Pound Sell 9/15/21 9,115,335 9,276,716 161,381
Canadian Dollar Sell 10/20/21 3,285,127 3,271,940 (13,187)


George Putnam Balanced Fund 43




FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 7/31/21 (aggregate face value $110,238,043) cont.
Counterparty Currency Contract
type*
Delivery
date
Value Aggregate
face value
Unrealized
appreciation/
(depreciation)
HSBC Bank USA, National Association
British Pound Buy 9/15/21 $2,829,228 $2,879,116 $(49,888)
Euro Sell 9/15/21 2,439,086 2,508,763 69,677
JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A.
British Pound Buy 9/15/21 5,284,089 5,377,534 (93,445)
Canadian Dollar Sell 10/20/21 1,272,549 1,267,443 (5,106)
State Street Bank and Trust Co.
British Pound Buy 9/15/21 854,385 869,519 (15,134)
Canadian Dollar Buy 10/20/21 78,227 77,912 315
Hong Kong Dollar Sell 8/18/21 2,478,510 2,480,056 1,546
UBS AG
British Pound Buy 9/15/21 4,534,661 4,614,859 (80,198)
Canadian Dollar Sell 10/20/21 3,664,560 3,649,869 (14,691)
Euro Buy 9/15/21 863,249 887,760 (24,511)
Swedish Krona Sell 9/15/21 1,484,705 1,547,726 63,021
WestPac Banking Corp.
British Pound Sell 9/15/21 11,307,736 11,507,656 199,920
Canadian Dollar Buy 10/20/21 1,886,181 1,878,741 7,440
Euro Buy 9/15/21 863,368 888,060 (24,692)
Unrealized appreciation 1,609,522
Unrealized (depreciation) (461,348)
Total $1,148,174
* The exchange currency for all contracts listed is the United States Dollar.

FUTURES CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 7/31/21
Number of
contracts
Notional
amount
Value Expiration
date
Unrealized
appreciation/
(depreciation)
S&P 500 Index E-Mini (Long) 144 31,645,872 31,604,400 Sep-21 674,668
Unrealized appreciation 674,668
Unrealized (depreciation)
Total $674,668

TBA SALE COMMITMENTS OUTSTANDING at 7/31/21 (proceeds receivable $10,536,074)
Agency Principal
amount
Settlement
date
Value
Government National Mortgage Association, 4.00%, 8/1/51 5,000,000 8/19/2021 5,285,335
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, 4.00%, 8/1/51 1,000,000 8/12/2021 1,068,320
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, 3.50%, 8/1/51 2,000,000 8/12/2021 2,119,454
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, 3.00%, 8/1/51 1,000,000 8/12/2021 1,048,203
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, 2.50%, 8/1/51 1,000,000 8/12/2021 1,041,758
Total $10,563,070


44 George Putnam Balanced Fund



ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.

Level 2: Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3: Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:

Valuation inputs
Investments in securities: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Common stocks*:
Basic materials $26,499,974 $— $—
Capital goods 77,882,538
Communication services 1,541,734
Conglomerates 3,094,467
Consumer cyclicals 240,208,675 5,686,982
Consumer staples 70,960,129
Energy 31,288,173
Financials 149,714,515 3,591,412
Health care 158,500,650
Miscellaneous 1,071,290
Technology 354,856,793
Transportation 22,518,508
Utilities and power 37,407,337
Total common stocks 1,174,473,493 3,591,412 6,758,272
Corporate bonds and notes 273,077,418
Mortgage-backed securities 17,351,427
Municipal bonds and notes 1,315,355
U.S. government and agency mortgage obligations 149,273,770
U.S. treasury obligations 252,972,098
Short-term investments 300,000 87,990,173
Totals by level $1,174,773,493 $785,571,653 $6,758,272
Valuation inputs
Other financial instruments: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Forward currency contracts $— $1,148,174 $—
Futures contracts 674,668
TBA sale commitments (10,563,070)
Totals by level $674,668 $(9,414,896) $—
* Common stock classifications are presented at the sector level, which may differ from the fund’s portfolio presentation.
At the start and close of the reporting period, Level 3 investments in securities represented less than 1% of the fund’s net assets and were not considered a significant portion of the fund’s portfolio.


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


George Putnam Balanced Fund 45



Statement of assets and liabilities 7/31/21

ASSETS   
Investment in securities, at value, including $5,610,727 of securities on loan (Notes 1 and 8):   
Unaffiliated issuers (identified cost $1,513,203,262)  $1,879,113,245 
Affiliated issuers (identified cost $87,990,173) (Notes 1 and 5)  87,990,173 
Cash  505,001 
Foreign currency (cost $306) (Note 1)  305 
Dividends, interest and other receivables  5,744,722 
Receivable for shares of the fund sold  1,903,311 
Receivable for investments sold  3,326,963 
Receivable for sales of TBA securities (Note 1)  8,428,160 
Unrealized appreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  1,609,522 
Prepaid assets  74,428 
Total assets  1,988,695,830 
 
LIABILITIES   
Payable for investments purchased  7,581,432 
Payable for purchases of delayed delivery securities (Note 1)  1,206,000 
Payable for purchases of TBA securities (Note 1)  16,826,951 
Payable for shares of the fund repurchased  1,957,784 
Payable for compensation of Manager (Note 2)  834,815 
Payable for custodian fees (Note 2)  30,561 
Payable for investor servicing fees (Note 2)  392,108 
Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  539,301 
Payable for administrative services (Note 2)  5,371 
Payable for distribution fees (Note 2)  448,724 
Payable for variation margin on futures contracts (Note 1)  160,607 
Unrealized depreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  461,348 
TBA sale commitments, at value (proceeds receivable $10,536,074) (Note 1)  10,563,070 
Collateral on securities loaned, at value (Note 1)  5,789,325 
Collateral on certain derivative contracts and TBA commitments, at value (Notes 1 and 8)  1,090,233 
Other accrued expenses  206,342 
Total liabilities  48,093,972 
 
Net assets  $1,940,601,858 
 
REPRESENTED BY   
Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4)  $1,459,573,676 
Total distributable earnings (Note 1)  481,028,182 
Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding  $1,940,601,858 

 

(Continued on next page)

46 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Statement of assets and liabilities cont.

COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE   
Net asset value and redemption price per class A share   
($1,383,459,224 divided by 56,189,245 shares)  $24.62 
Offering price per class A share (100/94.25 of $24.62)*  $26.12 
Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($11,732,080 divided by 483,355 shares)**  $24.27 
Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($128,299,967 divided by 5,268,773 shares)**  $24.35 
Net asset value and redemption price per class M share ($59,886,621 divided by 2,474,210 shares)  $24.20 
Offering price per class M share (100/96.50 of $24.20)*  $25.08 
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R share   
($2,000,984 divided by 81,638 shares)  $24.51 
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R5 share   
($21,495 divided by 862 shares)  $24.94 
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R6 share   
($69,238,989 divided by 2,797,780 shares)  $24.75 
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class Y share   
($285,962,498 divided by 11,559,442 shares)  $24.74 

 

*On single retail sales of less than $50,000. On sales of $50,000 or more the offering price is reduced.

**Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 47 

 



Statement of operations Year ended 7/31/21

INVESTMENT INCOME   
Dividends (net of foreign tax of $163,383)  $14,404,159 
Interest (including interest income of $124,116 from investments in affiliated issuers) (Note 5)  13,701,452 
Securities lending (net of expenses) (Notes 1 and 5)  5,406 
Total investment income  28,111,017 
 
EXPENSES   
Compensation of Manager (Note 2)  8,900,545 
Investor servicing fees (Note 2)  2,251,401 
Custodian fees (Note 2)  66,635 
Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  74,604 
Distribution fees (Note 2)  4,788,573 
Administrative services (Note 2)  44,697 
Other  553,730 
Total expenses  16,680,185 
Expense reduction (Note 2)  (2,078) 
Net expenses  16,678,107 
 
Net investment income  11,432,910 
 
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS)   
Net realized gain (loss) on:   
Securities from unaffiliated issuers (Notes 1 and 3)  134,611,440 
Foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  9,624 
Forward currency contracts (Note 1)  (3,466,748) 
Futures contracts (Note 1)  5,666,274 
Written options (Note 1)  23,016 
Total net realized gain  136,843,606 
Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on:   
Securities from unaffiliated issuers and TBA sale commitments  176,274,416 
Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies  242 
Forward currency contracts  2,516,109 
Futures contracts  450,167 
Total change in net unrealized appreciation  179,240,934 
 
Net gain on investments  316,084,540 
 
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations  $327,517,450 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

48 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Statement of changes in net assets

INCREASE IN NET ASSETS  Year ended 7/31/21  Year ended 7/31/20 
Operations     
Net investment income  $11,432,910  $16,667,725 
Net realized gain on investments     
and foreign currency transactions  136,843,606  81,032,605 
Change in net unrealized appreciation of investments     
and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies  179,240,934  62,985,128 
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations  327,517,450  160,685,458 
Distributions to shareholders (Note 1):     
From ordinary income     
Net investment income     
Class A  (8,356,332)  (26,925,311) 
Class B  (652)  (258,497) 
Class C  (13,329)  (1,329,921) 
Class M  (113,303)  (1,127,008) 
Class R  (6,173)  (26,338) 
Class R5  (693)  (3,770) 
Class R6  (550,386)  (992,159) 
Class Y  (2,117,060)  (3,837,069) 
Net realized short-term gain on investments     
Class A  (19,270,614)  (4,870,903) 
Class B  (207,532)  (67,896) 
Class C  (1,610,621)  (328,484) 
Class M  (913,173)  (255,685) 
Class R  (21,746)  (5,610) 
Class R5  (297)  (607) 
Class R6  (819,470)  (153,777) 
Class Y  (3,665,971)  (609,820) 
From net realized long-term gain on investments     
Class A  (46,596,169)  (36,267,984) 
Class B  (504,187)  (505,539) 
Class C  (3,881,982)  (2,446,391) 
Class M  (2,213,148)  (1,903,375) 
Class R  (52,050)  (41,774) 
Class R5  (718)  (4,522) 
Class R6  (1,970,149)  (1,145,382) 
Class Y  (8,853,848)  (4,540,864) 
Increase from capital share transactions (Note 4)  173,062,964  149,833,495 
Total increase in net assets  398,840,811  222,870,267 
 
NET ASSETS     
Beginning of year  1,541,761,047  1,318,890,780 
End of year  $1,940,601,858  $1,541,761,047 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 49 

 



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

  INVESTMENT OPERATIONS LESS DISTRIBUTIONS RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
                        Ratio of net   
  Net asset    Net realized                Ratio  investment   
  value,    and unrealized  Total from  From net  From net    Net asset  Total return  Net assets,  of expenses  income (loss)  Portfolio 
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss)  investment  investment  realized gain  Total  value, end  at net asset  end of period  to average  to average  turnover 
Period ended­  of period­  income (loss)a  on investments­  operations­  income­  on investments­  distributions  of period­  value (%)b  (in thousands)  net assets (%)c  net assets (%)  (%)d 
Class A­                           
July 31, 2021  $21.68­  .16­  4.19­  4.35­  (.16)  (1.25)  (1.41)  $24.62­  20.84­  $1,383,459­  .94­  .68­  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.63­  .25­  2.13­  2.38­  (.52)  (.81)  (1.33)  21.68­  12.04­  1,147,249­  .97­  1.23­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.62­  .28­  1.37­  1.65­  (.28)  (1.36)  (1.64)  20.63­  8.86­  1,041,441­  .98­  1.44­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  19.09­  .23­  1.53­  1.76­  (.23)  —­  (.23)  20.62­  9.28­  1,004,781­  .99­  1.18­  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.38­  .23­  1.69­  1.92­  (.21)  —­  (.21)  19.09­  11.14­  972,570­  1.01­  1.29­  204­ 
Class B                           
July 31, 2021­  $21.41­  (.01)  4.12­  4.11­  —­f  (1.25)  (1.25)  $24.27­  19.89­  $11,732­  1.69­  (.06)  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.38­  .10­  2.11­  2.21­  (.37)  (.81)  (1.18)  21.41­  11.23­  13,533­  1.72­  .49­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.39­  .14­  1.34­  1.48­  (.13)  (1.36)  (1.49)  20.38­  8.02­  14,844­  1.73­  .70­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  18.87­  .08­  1.52­  1.60­  (.08)  —­  (.08)  20.39­  8.49­  17,258­  1.74­  .43­  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.18­  .10­  1.67­  1.77­  (.08)  —­  (.08)  18.87­  10.33­  20,188­  1.76­  .55­  204­ 
Class C                           
July 31, 2021­  $21.48­  (.02)  4.15­  4.13­  (.01)  (1.25)  (1.26)  $24.35­  19.90­  $128,300­  1.69­  (.07)  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.46­  .09­  2.12­  2.21­  (.38)  (.81)  (1.19)  21.48­  11.20­  86,199­  1.72­  .47­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.47­  .13­  1.36­  1.49­  (.14)  (1.36)  (1.50)  20.46­  8.06­  61,417­  1.73­  .68­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  18.95­  .08­  1.52­  1.60­  (.08)  —­  (.08)  20.47­  8.45­  40,002­  1.74­  .43­  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.26­  .10­  1.67­  1.77­  (.08)  —­  (.08)  18.95­  10.29­  45,970­  1.76­  .54­  204­ 
Class M                           
July 31, 2021­  $21.34­  .04­  4.12­  4.16­  (.05)  (1.25)  (1.30)  $24.20­  20.20­  $59,887­  1.44­  .19­  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.32­  .15­  2.09­  2.24­  (.41)  (.81)  (1.22)  21.34­  11.46­  54,871­  1.47­  .75­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.33­  .18­  1.35­  1.53­  (.18)  (1.36)  (1.54)  20.32­  8.34­  65,488­  1.48­  .94­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  18.82­  .13­  1.52­  1.65­  (.14)  —­  (.14)  20.33­  8.77­  70,239­  1.49­  .68­  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.15­  .14­  1.66­  1.80­  (.13)  —­  (.13)  18.82­  10.53­  70,919­  1.51­  .79­  204­ 
Class R                           
July 31, 2021­  $21.60­  .10­  4.16­  4.26­  (.10)  (1.25)  (1.35)  $24.51­  20.50­  $2,001­  1.19­  .43­  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.56­  .20­  2.12­  2.32­  (.47)  (.81)  (1.28)  21.60­  11.76­  1,113­  1.22­  .98­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.56­  .23­  1.36­  1.59­  (.23)  (1.36)  (1.59)  20.56­  8.58­  999­  1.23­  1.19­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  19.03­  .18­  1.53­  1.71­  (.18)  —­  (.18)  20.56­  9.02­  838­  1.24­  .93­  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.33­  .18­  1.70­  1.88­  (.18)  —­  (.18)  19.03­  10.90­  1,090­  1.26­  .99­  204­ 
Class R5                           
July 31, 2021­  $21.89­  .21­  4.24­  4.45­  (.15)  (1.25)  (1.40)  $24.94­  21.11­  $21­  .71­  .92­  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.82­  .29­  2.17­  2.46­  (.58)  (.81)  (1.39)  21.89­  12.33­  223­  .72­  1.41­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.79­  .32­  1.40­  1.72­  (.33)  (1.36)  (1.69)  20.82­  9.17­  16­  .72­  1.56­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  19.24­  .27­e  1.56­  1.83­  (.28)  —­  (.28)  20.79­  9.60­  14­  .73­  1.30­e  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.45­  .30­e  1.69­  1.99­  (.20)  —­  (.20)  19.24­  11.46­  13­  .74­  1.71­e  204­ 

 

See notes to financial highlights at the end of this section.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

50 George Putnam Balanced Fund  George Putnam Balanced Fund 51 

 



Financial highlights cont.

  INVESTMENT OPERATIONS LESS DISTRIBUTIONS RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
                        Ratio of net   
  Net asset    Net realized                Ratio  investment   
  value,    and unrealized  Total from  From net  From net    Net asset  Total return  Net assets,  of expenses  income (loss)  Portfolio 
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss)  investment  investment  realized gain  Total  value, end  at net asset  end of period  to average  to average  turnover 
Period ended­  of period­  income (loss)a  on investments­  operations­  income­  on investments­  distributions  of period­  value (%)b  (in thousands)  net assets (%)c  net assets (%)  (%)d 
Class R6                           
July 31, 2021­  $21.79­  .23­  4.21­  4.44­  (.23)  (1.25)  (1.48)  $24.75­  21.22­  $69,239­  .61­  1.01­  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.73­  .32­  2.15­  2.47­  (.60)  (.81)  (1.41)  21.79­  12.42­  46,529­  .62­  1.56­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.71­  .36­  1.37­  1.73­  (.35)  (1.36)  (1.71)  20.73­  9.27­  29,859­  .62­  1.80­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  19.17­  .31­  1.53­  1.84­  (.30)  —­  (.30)  20.71­  9.69­  19,694­  .63­  1.54­  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.45­  .30­  1.70­  2.00­  (.28)  —­  (.28)  19.17­  11.57­  11,738­  .64­  1.64­  204­ 
Class Y                           
July 31, 2021­  $21.78­  .21­  4.21­  4.42­  (.21)  (1.25)  (1.46)  $24.74­  21.13­  $285,962­  .69­  .93­  93­ 
July 31, 2020  20.72­  .30­  2.15­  2.45­  (.58)  (.81)  (1.39)  21.78­  12.32­  192,044­  .72­  1.45­  97­ 
July 31, 2019  20.70­  .33­  1.38­  1.71­  (.33)  (1.36)  (1.69)  20.72­  9.15­  104,828­  .73­  1.68­  143­ 
July 31, 2018  19.16­  .28­  1.54­  1.82­  (.28)  —­  (.28)  20.70­  9.56­  81,989­  .74­  1.43­  179­ 
July 31, 2017  17.45­  .28­  1.69­  1.97­  (.26)  —­  (.26)  19.16­  11.37­  77,716­  .76­  1.54­  204­ 

 

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset and/or brokerage/service arrangements, if any (Note 2). Also excludes acquired fund fees and expenses, if any.

d Portfolio turnover includes TBA purchase and sales transactions.

e The net investment income ratio and per share amount shown for the period ended may not correspond with the expected class specific differences for the period due to the timing of redemptions out of the class.

f Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

52 George Putnam Balanced Fund  George Putnam Balanced Fund 53 

 



Notes to financial statements 7/31/21

Within the following Notes to financial statements, references to “State Street” represent State Street Bank and Trust Company, references to “the SEC” represent the Securities and Exchange Commission, references to “Putnam Management” represent Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and references to “OTC”, if any, represent over-the-counter. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from August 1, 2020 through July 31, 2021.

George Putnam Balanced Fund (the fund) is a Massachusetts business trust, which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a diversified open-end management investment company. The goal of the fund is to seek to provide a balanced investment composed of a well-diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds which produce both capital growth and current income. The fund invests mainly in a combination of bonds and common stocks (growth or value stocks or both) of large U.S. companies, with a greater focus on common stocks. For example, Putnam Management may purchase stocks of companies with stock prices that reflect a value lower than that which Putnam Management places on the company. Putnam Management may also consider other factors that Putnam Management believes will cause the stock price to rise. The fund buys bonds of governments and private companies that are mostly investment-grade in quality with intermediate- to long-term maturities (three years or longer). Putnam Management may consider, among other factors, a company’s valuation, financial strength, growth potential, competitive position in its industry, projected future earnings, cash flows and dividends when deciding whether to buy or sell equity investments, and, among other factors, credit, interest rate and prepayment risks, as well as general market conditions, when deciding whether to buy or sell fixed-income investments. The fund may also use derivatives, such as futures, options, warrants and swap contracts, for both hedging and non-hedging purposes.

The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M, class R, class R5, class R6 and class Y shares. Purchases of class B shares are closed to new and existing investors except by exchange from class B shares of another Putnam fund or through dividend and/or capital gains reinvestment. Class A and class M shares are sold with a maximum front-end sales charge of 5.75% and 3.50%, respectively. Class A shares generally are not subject to a contingent deferred sales charge, and class M, class R, class R5, class R6 and class Y shares are not subject to a contingent deferred sales charge. Class B shares, which convert to class A shares after approximately eight years, are not subject to a front-end sales charge and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within six years of purchase. Class C shares are subject to a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge and generally convert to class A shares after approximately eight years. Prior to March 1, 2021, class C shares generally converted to class A shares after approximately ten years. Class M shares of the fund are closed to new purchases except (1) through employer-sponsored retirement plans (for these purposes, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs or SARSEPs) to the extent class A shares are not available through the plan (Eligible Plans) that had open positions in the fund’s Class M shares with Putnam Investor Services on November 25, 2019 (the Effective Date), or (2) by clients of administrators or other service providers of Eligible Plans that had open positions on behalf of their clients in the fund’s Class M shares with Putnam Investor Services on the Effective Date, and in either case maintained the open position through the Effective Date. Class R shares, which are not available to all investors, are sold at net asset value. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares may differ based on the distribution fee of each class, which is identified in Note 2. Class R5, class R6 and class Y shares, which are sold at net asset value, are generally subject to the same expenses as class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, but do not bear a distribution fee, and in the case of class R5 and class R6 shares, bear a lower investor servicing fee, which is identified in Note 2. Class R5, class R6 and class Y shares are not available to all investors.

In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.

The fund has entered into contractual arrangements with an investment adviser, administrator, distributor, shareholder servicing agent and custodian, who each provide services to the fund. Unless expressly stated otherwise, shareholders are not parties to, or intended beneficiaries of these contractual arrangements, and these contractual arrangements are not intended to create any shareholder right to enforce them against the service providers or to seek any remedy under them against the service providers, either directly or on behalf of the fund.

Under the fund’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, any claims asserted against or on behalf of the Putnam Funds, including claims against Trustees and Officers, must be brought in state and federal courts located within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

54 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Note 1: Significant accounting policies

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements.

Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. If the fund were liquidated, shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.

Security valuation Portfolio securities and other investments are valued using policies and procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. The Trustees have formed a Pricing Committee to oversee the implementation of these procedures and have delegated responsibility for valuing the fund’s assets in accordance with these procedures to Putnam Management. Putnam Management has established an internal Valuation Committee that is responsible for making fair value determinations, evaluating the effectiveness of the pricing policies of the fund and reporting to the Pricing Committee.

Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last reported sales price on their principal exchange, or official closing price for certain markets, and are classified as Level 1 securities under Accounting Standards Codification 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820). If no sales are reported, as in the case of some securities that are traded OTC, a security is valued at its last reported bid price and is generally categorized as a Level 2 security.

Investments in open-end investment companies (excluding exchange-traded funds), if any, which can be classified as Level 1 or Level 2 securities, are valued based on their net asset value. The net asset value of such investment companies equals the total value of their assets less their liabilities and divided by the number of their outstanding shares.

Market quotations are not considered to be readily available for certain debt obligations (including short-term investments with remaining maturities of 60 days or less) and other investments; such investments are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by an independent pricing service approved by the Trustees or dealers selected by Putnam Management. Such services or dealers determine valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional traders, between securities (which consider such factors as security prices, yields, maturities and ratings). These securities will generally be categorized as Level 2.

Many securities markets and exchanges outside the U.S. close prior to the scheduled close of the New York Stock Exchange and therefore the closing prices for securities in such markets or on such exchanges may not fully reflect events that occur after such close but before the scheduled close of the New York Stock Exchange. Accordingly, on certain days, the fund will fair value certain foreign equity securities taking into account multiple factors including movements in the U.S. securities markets, currency valuations and comparisons to the valuation of American Depository Receipts, exchange-traded funds and futures contracts. The foreign equity securities, which would generally be classified as Level 1 securities, will be transferred to Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy when they are valued at fair value. The number of days on which fair value prices will be used will depend on market activity and it is possible that fair value prices will be used by the fund to a significant extent. At the close of the reporting period, fair value pricing was used for certain foreign securities in the portfolio. Securities quoted in foreign currencies, if any, are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate.

To the extent a pricing service or dealer is unable to value a security or provides a valuation that Putnam Management does not believe accurately reflects the security’s fair value, the security will be valued at fair value by Putnam Management in accordance with policies and procedures approved by the Trustees. Certain investments, including certain restricted and illiquid securities and derivatives, are also valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. These valuations consider such factors as significant market or specific security events such as interest rate or credit quality changes, various relationships with other securities, discount rates, U.S. Treasury, U.S. swap and credit yields, index levels, convexity exposures, recovery rates, sales and other

George Putnam Balanced Fund 55 

 



multiples and resale restrictions. These securities are classified as Level 2 or as Level 3 depending on the priority of the significant inputs.

To assess the continuing appropriateness of fair valuations, the Valuation Committee reviews and affirms the reasonableness of such valuations on a regular basis after considering all relevant information that is reasonably available. Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. Certain securities may be valued on the basis of a price provided by a single source. The fair value of securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a security in a current sale and does not reflect an actual market price, which may be different by a material amount.

Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (the date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis.

Interest income, net of any applicable withholding taxes, if any, and including amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on debt securities, is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividend income, net of any applicable withholding taxes, is recognized on the ex-dividend date except that certain dividends from foreign securities, if any, are recognized as soon as the fund is informed of the ex-dividend date. Non-cash dividends, if any, are recorded at the fair value of the securities received. Dividends representing a return of capital or capital gains, if any, are reflected as a reduction of cost and/or as a realized gain.

Securities purchased or sold on a delayed delivery basis may be settled at a future date beyond customary settlement time; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Losses may arise due to changes in the fair value of the underlying securities or if the counterparty does not perform under the contract.

Stripped securities The fund may invest in stripped securities which represent a participation in securities that may be structured in classes with rights to receive different portions of the interest and principal. Interest-only securities receive all of the interest and principal-only securities receive all of the principal. If the interest-only securities experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, principal-only securities increase in value if prepayments are greater than anticipated and decline if prepayments are slower than anticipated. The fair value of these securities is highly sensitive to changes in interest rates.

Foreign currency translation The accounting records of the fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. The fair value of foreign securities, currency holdings, and other assets and liabilities is recorded in the books and records of the fund after translation to U.S. dollars based on the exchange rates on that day. The cost of each security is determined using historical exchange rates. Income and withholding taxes are translated at prevailing exchange rates when earned or incurred. The fund does not isolate that portion of realized or unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in the foreign exchange rate on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of the securities. Such gains and losses are included with the net realized and unrealized gain or loss on investments. Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions represent net realized exchange gains or losses on disposition of foreign currencies, currency gains and losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on securities transactions and the difference between the amount of investment income and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies arise from changes in the value of assets and liabilities other than investments at the period end, resulting from changes in the exchange rate.

Options contracts The fund uses options contracts to hedge against changes in values of securities it owns, owned or expects to own.

The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of options contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. Realized gains and losses on purchased options are included in realized gains and losses on investment securities. If a written call option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as an addition to sales proceeds. If a written put option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as a reduction to the cost of investments.

Exchange-traded options are valued at the last sale price or, if no sales are reported, the last bid price for purchased options and the last ask price for written options. OTC traded options are valued using prices supplied by dealers.

56 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Options on swaps are similar to options on securities except that the premium paid or received is to buy or grant the right to enter into a previously agreed upon interest rate or credit default contract. Forward premium swap option contracts include premiums that have extended settlement dates. The delayed settlement of the premiums is factored into the daily valuation of the option contracts. In the case of interest rate cap and floor contracts, in return for a premium, ongoing payments between two parties are based on interest rates exceeding a specified rate, in the case of a cap contract, or falling below a specified rate in the case of a floor contract. Written option contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.

Futures contracts The fund uses futures contracts to equitize cash.

The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments, if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. With futures, there is minimal counterparty credit risk to the fund since futures are exchange traded and the exchange’s clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange traded futures, guarantees the futures against default. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. When the contract is closed, the fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed.

Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices established by the exchange on which they trade. The fund and the broker agree to exchange an amount of cash equal to the daily fluctuation in the value of the futures contract. Such receipts or payments are known as “variation margin.” Futures contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.

Forward currency contracts The fund buys and sells forward currency contracts, which are agreements between two parties to buy and sell currencies at a set price on a future date. These contracts are used to hedge foreign exchange risk.

The U.S. dollar value of forward currency contracts is determined using current forward currency exchange rates supplied by a quotation service. The fair value of the contract will fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in fair value is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. The fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed when the contract matures or by delivery of the currency. The fund could be exposed to risk if the value of the currency changes unfavorably, if the counterparties to the contracts are unable to meet the terms of their contracts or if the fund is unable to enter into a closing position. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities.

Forward currency contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.

TBA commitments The fund may enter into TBA (to be announced) commitments to purchase securities for a fixed unit price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. Although the unit price and par amount have been established, the actual securities have not been specified. However, it is anticipated that the amount of the commitments will not significantly differ from the principal amount. The fund holds, and maintains until settlement date, cash or high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price, or the fund may enter into offsetting contracts for the forward sale of other securities it owns. Income on the securities will not be earned until settlement date.

The fund may also enter into TBA sale commitments to hedge its portfolio positions, to sell mortgage-backed securities it owns under delayed delivery arrangements or to take a short position in mortgage-backed securities. Proceeds of TBA sale commitments are not received until the contractual settlement date. During the time a TBA sale commitment is outstanding, either equivalent deliverable securities or an offsetting TBA purchase commitment deliverable on or before the sale commitment date are held as “cover” for the transaction, or other liquid assets in an amount equal to the notional value of the TBA sale commitment are segregated. If the TBA sale commitment is closed through the acquisition of an offsetting TBA purchase commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss. If the fund delivers securities under the commitment, the fund realizes a gain or a loss from the sale of the securities based upon the unit price established at the date the commitment was entered into.

TBA commitments, which are accounted for as purchase and sale transactions, may be considered securities themselves, and involve a risk of loss due to changes in the value of the security prior to the settlement date as well as the risk that the counterparty to the transaction will not perform its obligations. Counterparty risk is mitigated by having a master agreement between the fund and the counterparty.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 57 

 



Unsettled TBA commitments are valued at their fair value according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in fair value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss. Based on market circumstances, Putnam Management will determine whether to take delivery of the underlying securities or to dispose of the TBA commitments prior to settlement.

TBA purchase commitments outstanding at period end, if any, are listed within the fund’s portfolio and TBA sale commitments outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.

Master agreements The fund is a party to ISDA (International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc.) Master Agreements that govern OTC derivative and foreign exchange contracts and Master Securities Forward Transaction Agreements that govern transactions involving mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities that may result in delayed delivery (Master Agreements) with certain counterparties entered into from time to time. The Master Agreements may contain provisions regarding, among other things, the parties’ general obligations, representations, agreements, collateral requirements, events of default and early termination. With respect to certain counterparties, in accordance with the terms of the Master Agreements, collateral pledged to the fund is held in a segregated account by the fund’s custodian and, with respect to those amounts which can be sold or repledged, are presented in the fund’s portfolio.

Collateral pledged by the fund is segregated by the fund’s custodian and identified in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. Government or related agencies or other securities as agreed to by the fund and the applicable counterparty. Collateral requirements are determined based on the fund’s net position with each counterparty.

With respect to ISDA Master Agreements, termination events applicable to the fund may occur upon a decline in the fund’s net assets below a specified threshold over a certain period of time. Termination events applicable to counterparties may occur upon a decline in the counterparty’s long-term or short-term credit ratings below a specified level. In each case, upon occurrence, the other party may elect to terminate early and cause settlement of all derivative and foreign exchange contracts outstanding, including the payment of any losses and costs resulting from such early termination, as reasonably determined by the terminating party. Any decision by one or more of the fund’s counterparties to elect early termination could impact the fund’s future derivative activity.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund had a net liability position of $168,203 on open derivative contracts subject to the Master Agreements. Collateral pledged by the fund at period end for these agreements totaled $306,103 and may include amounts related to unsettled agreements.

Securities lending The fund may lend securities, through its agent, to qualified borrowers in order to earn additional income. The loans are collateralized by cash in an amount at least equal to the fair value of the securities loaned. The fair value of securities loaned is determined daily and any additional required collateral is allocated to the fund on the next business day. The remaining maturities of the securities lending transactions are considered overnight and continuous. The risk of borrower default will be borne by the fund’s agent; the fund will bear the risk of loss with respect to the investment of the cash collateral. Income from securities lending, net of expenses, is included in investment income on the Statement of operations. Cash collateral is invested in Putnam Cash Collateral Pool, LLC, a limited liability company managed by an affiliate of Putnam Management. Investments in Putnam Cash Collateral Pool, LLC are valued at its closing net asset value each business day. There are no management fees charged to Putnam Cash Collateral Pool, LLC. At the close of the reporting period, the fund received cash collateral of $5,789,325 and the value of securities loaned amounted to $5,610,727.

Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the SEC. This program allows the fund to borrow from or lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.

Lines of credit The fund participates, along with other Putnam funds, in a $317.5 million unsecured committed line of credit and a $235.5 million unsecured uncommitted line of credit, both provided by State Street. Borrowings may be made for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests and trade settlements. Interest is charged to the fund based on the fund’s borrowing at a rate equal to 1.25% plus the higher of (1) the Federal Funds rate and (2) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate for the committed

58 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



line of credit and 1.30% plus the higher of (1) the Federal Funds rate and (2) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate for the uncommitted line of credit. A closing fee equal to 0.04% of the committed line of credit and 0.04% of the uncommitted line of credit has been paid by the participating funds. In addition, a commitment fee of 0.21% per annum on any unutilized portion of the committed line of credit is allocated to the participating funds based on their relative net assets and paid quarterly. During the reporting period, the fund had no borrowings against these arrangements.

Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code.

The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior three fiscal years remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

The fund may also be subject to taxes imposed by governments of countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on either income or gains earned or repatriated. The fund accrues and applies such taxes to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized gains as income and/or capital gains are earned. In some cases, the fund may be entitled to reclaim all or a portion of such taxes, and such reclaim amounts, if any, are reflected as an asset on the fund’s books. In many cases, however, the fund may not receive such amounts for an extended period of time, depending on the country of investment.

Distributions to shareholders Distributions to shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. These differences include temporary and/or permanent differences from losses on wash sale transactions, from foreign currency gains and losses, from unrealized gains and losses on passive investment companies, from interest-only securities, from redesignation of taxable distributions, and from partnership income. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. At the close of the reporting period, the fund reclassified $2,719,936 to increase distributions in excess of net investment income, $191 to decrease paid-in capital and $2,720,127 to increase accumulated net realized gain.

Tax cost of investments includes adjustments to net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) which may not necessarily be final tax cost basis adjustments, but closely approximate the tax basis unrealized gains and losses that may be realized and distributed to shareholders. The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:

Unrealized appreciation  $378,679,150 
Unrealized depreciation  (16,197,237) 
Net unrealized appreciation  362,481,913 
Undistributed long-term gains  75,349,669 
Undistributed short-term gains  43,195,448 
Cost for federal income tax purposes  $1,595,881,277 

 

George Putnam Balanced Fund 59 

 



Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions

The fund pays Putnam Management a management fee (based on the fund’s average net assets and computed and paid monthly) at annual rates that may vary based on the average of the aggregate net assets of all open-end mutual funds sponsored by Putnam Management (excluding net assets of funds that are invested in, or that are invested in by, other Putnam funds to the extent necessary to avoid “double counting” of those assets). Such annual rates may vary as follows:

0.680%  of the first $5 billion,  0.480%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.630%  of the next $5 billion,  0.460%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.580%  of the next $10 billion,  0.450%  of the next $100 billion and 
0.530%  of the next $10 billion,  0.445%  of any excess thereafter. 

 

For the reporting period, the management fee represented an effective rate (excluding the impact from any expense waivers in effect) of 0.513% of the fund’s average net assets.

Putnam Management has contractually agreed, through November 30, 2022, to waive fees and/or reimburse the fund’s expenses to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses, acquired fund fees and expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were not reduced as a result of this limit.

Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. PIL did not manage any portion of the assets of the fund during the reporting period. If Putnam Management were to engage the services of PIL, Putnam Management would pay a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.40% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.

The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.

Custodial functions for the fund’s assets are provided by State Street. Custody fees are based on the fund’s asset level, the number of its security holdings and transaction volumes.

Putnam Investor Services, Inc., an affiliate of Putnam Management, provides investor servicing agent functions to the fund. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing for class A, class B, class C, class M, class R, class R5, class R6, and class Y shares that included (1) a per account fee for each direct and underlying non-defined contribution account (retail account) of the fund; (2) a specified rate of the fund’s assets attributable to defined contribution plan accounts; and (3) a specified rate based on the average net assets in retail accounts. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. has agreed that the aggregate investor servicing fees for each fund’s retail and defined contribution accounts for these share classes will not exceed an annual rate of 0.25% of the fund’s average assets attributable to such accounts.

Class R5 shares paid a monthly fee based on the average net assets of class R5 shares at an annual rate of 0.15%. Class R6 shares paid a monthly fee based on the average net assets of class R6 shares at an annual rate of 0.05%. During the reporting period, the expenses for each class of shares related to investor servicing fees were as follows:

Class A  $1,670,156  Class R  2,083 
Class B  16,839  Class R5  109 
Class C  142,965  Class R6  28,589 
Class M  75,625  Class Y  315,035 
    Total  $2,251,401 

 

The fund has entered into expense offset arrangements with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. and State Street whereby Putnam Investor Services, Inc.’s and State Street’s fees are reduced by credits allowed on cash balances. For the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $2,078 under the expense offset arrangements.

60 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Each Independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $1,236, as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees.

The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the Deferral Plan) which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan.

The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the Pension Plan) covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years and were first elected prior to 2004. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee’s average annual attendance and retainer fees for the three years ended December 31, 2005. The retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee’s lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of assets and liabilities. The Trustees have terminated the Pension Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected after 2003.

The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to the following share classes pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC, for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to the following amounts (Maximum %) of the average net assets attributable to each class. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at the following annual rate (Approved %) of the average net assets attributable to each class. During the reporting period, the class-specific expenses related to distribution fees were as follows:

  Maximum %  Approved %  Amount 
Class A  0.35%  0.25%  $3,147,553 
Class B  1.00%  1.00%  126,536 
Class C  1.00%  1.00%  1,079,470 
Class M  1.00%  0.75%  427,094 
Class R  1.00%  0.50%  7,920 
Total      $4,788,573 

 

For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $282,003 and $0 from the sale of class A and class M shares, respectively, and received $885 and $1,209 in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class B and class C shares, respectively.

A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% is assessed on certain redemptions of class A shares. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received $2,452 on class A redemptions.

Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities

During the reporting period, the cost of purchases and the proceeds from sales, excluding short-term investments, were as follows:

  Cost of purchases  Proceeds from sales 
Investments in securities, including TBA commitments (Long-term)  $1,447,603,256  $1,408,030,895 
U.S. government securities (Long-term)  173,150,350  134,466,709 
Total  $1,620,753,606  $1,542,497,604 

 

The fund may purchase or sell investments from or to other Putnam funds in the ordinary course of business, which can reduce the fund’s transaction costs, at prices determined in accordance with SEC requirements and policies approved by the Trustees. During the reporting period, purchases or sales of long-term securities from or to other Putnam funds, if any, did not represent more than 5% of the fund’s total cost of purchases and/or total proceeds from sales.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 61 

 



Note 4: Capital shares

At the close of the reporting period, there were an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions, including, if applicable, direct exchanges pursuant to share conversions, in capital shares were as follows:

  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class A  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  6,062,227  $138,585,225  5,949,720  $122,072,098 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  3,207,940  70,563,323  3,153,067  64,215,869 
  9,270,167  209,148,548  9,102,787  186,287,967 
Shares repurchased  (5,986,865)  (136,606,939)  (6,667,341)  (134,653,072) 
Net increase  3,283,302  $72,541,609  2,435,446  $51,634,895 
 
  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class B  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  57,135  $1,269,694  75,547  $1,516,319 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  31,370  679,274  39,410  793,439 
  88,505  1,948,968  114,957  2,309,758 
Shares repurchased  (237,282)  (5,335,059)  (211,001)  (4,231,306) 
Net decrease  (148,777)  $(3,386,091)  (96,044)  $(1,921,548) 
 
  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class C  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  2,215,371  $49,933,757  2,113,901  $42,949,300 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  251,565  5,464,820  195,953  3,959,050 
  2,466,936  55,398,577  2,309,854  46,908,350 
Shares repurchased  (1,211,368)  (27,264,281)  (1,298,265)  (26,075,668) 
Net increase  1,255,568  $28,134,296  1,011,589  $20,832,682 
 
  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class M  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  272,934  $6,211,182  333,377  $6,752,046 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  150,097  3,239,624  163,750  3,285,468 
  423,031  9,450,806  497,127  10,037,514 
Shares repurchased  (519,919)  (11,698,206)  (1,149,141)  (23,419,166) 
Net decrease  (96,888)  $(2,247,400)  (652,014)  $(13,381,652) 

 

62 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class R  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  46,778  $1,052,559  22,363  $457,310 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  3,653  79,969  3,631  73,684 
  50,431  1,132,528  25,994  530,994 
Shares repurchased  (20,319)  (463,754)  (23,044)  (475,413) 
Net increase  30,112  $668,774  2,950  $55,581 
 
  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class R5  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  365  $8,138  9,715  $202,525 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  76  1,708  433  8,899 
  441  9,846  10,148  211,424 
Shares repurchased  (9,750)  (213,009)  (736)  (15,482) 
Net increase (decrease)  (9,309)  $(203,163)  9,412  $195,942 
 
  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class R6  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  1,166,883  $26,844,836  997,914  $20,524,054 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  150,816  3,340,005  112,053  2,291,317 
  1,317,699  30,184,841  1,109,967  22,815,371 
Shares repurchased  (655,468)  (15,138,673)  (415,009)  (8,444,053) 
Net increase  662,231  $15,046,168  694,958  $14,371,318 
 
  YEAR ENDED 7/31/21  YEAR ENDED 7/31/20 
Class Y  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
Shares sold  5,348,339  $122,882,010  5,262,848  $107,995,062 
Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  659,425  14,590,013  438,058  8,957,741 
  6,007,764  137,472,023  5,700,906  116,952,803 
Shares repurchased  (3,265,279)  (74,963,252)  (1,942,861)  (38,906,526) 
Net increase  2,742,485  $62,508,771  3,758,045  $78,046,277 

 

At the close of the reporting period, Putnam Investments, LLC owned 862 class R5 shares of the fund (100% of class R5 shares outstanding), valued at $21,495.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 63 

 



Note 5: Affiliated transactions

Transactions during the reporting period with any company which is under common ownership or control were as follows:

          Shares 
          outstanding 
          and fair 
  Fair value as  Purchase  Sale  Investment  value as 
Name of affiliate  of 7/31/20  cost  proceeds  income  of 7/31/21 
Short-term investments           
Putnam Cash Collateral           
Pool, LLC*  $7,020,885  $157,947,433  $159,178,993  $12,746  $5,789,325 
Putnam Short Term           
Investment Fund**  82,721,675  340,797,563  341,318,390  124,116  82,200,848 
Total Short-term           
investments  $89,742,560  $498,744,996  $500,497,383  $136,862  $87,990,173 

 

* No management fees are charged to Putnam Cash Collateral Pool, LLC (Note 1). Investment income shown is included in securities lending income on the Statement of operations. There were no realized or unrealized gains or losses during the period.

** Management fees charged to Putnam Short Term Investment Fund have been waived by Putnam Management. There were no realized or unrealized gains or losses during the period.

Note 6: Market, credit and other risks

In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks, including those related to economic instability, unfavorable political developments, and currency fluctuations. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in securitized debt instruments, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed investments. The yields and values of these investments are sensitive to changes in interest rates, the rate of principal payments on the underlying assets and the market’s perception of the issuers. The market for these investments may be volatile and limited, which may make them difficult to buy or sell.

On July 27, 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced a desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021. On March 5, 2021, the FCA and LIBOR’s administrator, ICE Benchmark Administration, announced that most LIBOR settings will no longer be published after the end of 2021 and a majority of U.S. dollar LIBOR settings will no longer be published after June 30, 2023. LIBOR has historically been a common benchmark interest rate index used to make adjustments to variable-rate loans. It is used throughout global banking and financial industries to determine interest rates for a variety of financial instruments and borrowing arrangements. The transition process might lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that currently rely on LIBOR to determine interest rates. It could also lead to a reduction in the value of some LIBOR-based investments and reduce the effectiveness of new hedges placed against existing LIBOR-based investments. While some LIBOR-based instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate-setting methodology, not all may have such provisions and there may be significant uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of any such alternative methodologies. Since the usefulness of LIBOR as a benchmark could deteriorate during the transition period, these effects could occur prior to the date on which the applicable rate ceases to be published.

Beginning in January 2020, global financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, significant volatility resulting from the spread of a virus known as Covid–19. The outbreak of Covid–19 has resulted in travel and border restrictions, quarantines, supply chain disruptions, lower consumer demand, and general market uncertainty. The effects of Covid–19 have adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, the global economy, the economies of certain nations, and individual issuers, all of which may negatively impact the fund’s performance.

64 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Note 7: Summary of derivative activity

The volume of activity for the reporting period for any derivative type that was held during the period is listed below and was based on an average of the holdings at the end of each fiscal quarter:

Purchased equity option contracts (contract amount)  $2,000 
Written equity option contracts (contract amount)  $2,000 
Futures contracts (number of contracts)  70 
Forward currency contracts (contract amount)  $100,000,000 

 

The following is a summary of the fair value of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period:

Fair value of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period   
  ASSET DERIVATIVES LIABILITY DERIVATIVES
Derivatives not         
accounted for as  Statement of    Statement of   
hedging instruments  assets and    assets and   
under ASC 815  liabilities location  Fair value  liabilities location  Fair value 
Foreign         
exchange contracts  Receivables  $1,609,522  Payables  $461,348 
Equity contracts  Receivables  674,668*  Payables   
Total    $2,284,190    $461,348 

 

* Includes cumulative appreciation/depreciation of futures contracts as reported in the fund’s portfolio. Only current day’s variation margin is reported within the Statement of assets and liabilities.

The following is a summary of realized and change in unrealized gains or losses of derivative instruments in the Statement of operations for the reporting period (Note 1):

Amount of realized gain or (loss) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments   
Derivatives not         
accounted for as      Forward   
hedging instruments      currency   
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Total 
Foreign exchange         
contracts  $—  $—  $(3,466,748)  $(3,466,748) 
Equity contracts  (86,569)  5,666,274    5,579,705 
Total  $(86,569)  $5,666,274  $(3,466,748)  $2,112,957 
 
Change in unrealized appreciation or (depreciation) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) 
on investments         
      Forward   
Derivatives not accounted for as hedging    currency   
instruments under ASC 815    Futures  contracts  Total 
Foreign exchange contracts    $—  $2,516,109  $2,516,109 
Equity contracts    450,167    450,167 
Total    $450,167  $2,516,109  $2,966,276 

 

George Putnam Balanced Fund 65 

 



Note 8: Offsetting of financial and derivative assets and liabilities

The following table summarizes any derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, at the end of the reporting period, that are subject to an enforceable master netting agreement or similar agreement. For securities lending transactions or borrowing transactions associated with securities sold short, if any, see Note 1. For financial reporting purposes, the fund does not offset financial assets and financial liabilities that are subject to the master netting agreements in the Statement of assets and liabilities.

  Bank of
 America N.A.
Barclays Bank
PLC
BofA
Securities,
Inc.
Citibank, N.A. Goldman
Sachs
International
HSBC Bank
USA, National
Association
JPMorgan
Chase Bank
N.A.
State Street
Bank and
Trust Co.
UBS AG WestPac
Banking Corp.
Total
Assets:                       
Futures contracts§  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $— 
Forward currency contracts#  190,990  733,831    181,401  161,381  69,677    1,861  63,021  207,360  1,609,522 
Total Assets  $190,990  $733,831  $—  $181,401  $161,381  $69,677  $—  $1,861  $63,021  $207,360  $1,609,522 
Liabilities:                       
Futures contracts§      160,607                160,607 
Forward currency contracts#    11,011    129,485  13,187  49,888  98,551  15,134  119,400  24,692  461,348 
Total Liabilities  $—  $11,011  $160,607  $129,485  $13,187  $49,888  $98,551  $15,134  $119,400  $24,692  $621,955 
Total Financial and Derivative Net Assets  $190,990  $722,820  $(160,607)  $51,916  $148,194  $19,789  $(98,551)  $(13,273)  $(56,379)  $182,668  $987,567 
Total collateral received (pledged)†##  $172,998  $617,235  $—  $51,916  $148,194  $—  $(98,551)  $(13,273)  $(56,379)  $—   
Net amount  $17,992  $105,585  $(160,607)  $—  $—  $19,789  $—  $—  $—  $182,668   
Controlled collateral received (including                       
TBA commitments)**  $172,998  $617,235  $—  $110,000  $190,000  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $1,090,233 
Uncontrolled collateral received  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $— 
Collateral (pledged) (including TBA commitments)**  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $(151,292)  $(19,938)  $(134,873)  $—  $(306,103) 

 

** Included with Investments in securities on the Statement of assets and liabilities.

Additional collateral may be required from certain brokers based on individual agreements.

# Covered by master netting agreement (Note 1).

##Any over-collateralization of total financial and derivative net assets is not shown. Collateral may include amounts related to unsettled agreements.

§ Includes current day’s variation margin only as reported on the Statement of assets and liabilities, which is not collateralized. Cumulative appreciation/(depreciation) for futures contracts and centrally cleared swap contracts is represented in the tables listed after the fund’s portfolio. Collateral pledged for initial margin on futures contracts, which is not included in the table above, amounted to $1,841,312.

Note 9: New accounting pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2020–04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) — Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The amendments in ASU 2020–04 provide optional temporary financial reporting relief from the effect of certain types of contract modifications due to the planned discontinuation of LIBOR and other interbank-offered based reference rates as of the end of 2021. The discontinuation of LIBOR was subsequently extended to June 30, 2023. ASU 2020–04 is effective for certain reference rate-related contract modifications that occur during the period March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. Management is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of applying this provision.

66 George Putnam Balanced Fund  George Putnam Balanced Fund 67 

 



Federal tax information

The Form 1099 that will be mailed to you in January 2022 will show the tax status of all distributions paid to your account in calendar 2021.

Pursuant to §852 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, the fund hereby designates $92,926,165 as a capital gain dividend with respect to the taxable year ended July 31, 2021, or, if subsequently determined to be different, the net capital gain of such year.

The fund designated 17.57% of ordinary income distributions as qualifying for the dividends received deduction for corporations.

For the reporting period, the fund hereby designates 20.23%, or the maximum amount allowable, of its taxable ordinary income distributions as qualified dividends taxed at the individual net capital gain rates.

For the reporting period, pursuant to §871(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, the fund hereby designates $5,855,341 of distributions paid as qualifying to be taxed as interest-related dividends, and $25,614,386 to be taxed as short-term capital gain dividends for nonresident alien shareholders.

68 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 




George Putnam Balanced Fund 69 

 




* Mr. Reynolds is an “interested person” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the fund and Putnam Investments. He is President and Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments, as well as the President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds.

The address of each Trustee is 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110.

As of July 31, 2021, there were 100 Putnam funds. All Trustees serve as Trustees of all Putnam funds.

Each Trustee serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement at age 75, removal, or death.

70 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Officers

In addition to Robert L. Reynolds, the other officers of the fund are shown below:

James F. Clark (Born 1974)  Susan G. Malloy (Born 1957) 
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer  Vice President and Assistant Treasurer 
Since 2016  Since 2007 
Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Risk Officer,  Head of Accounting and Middle Office Services, 
Putnam Investments and Chief Compliance Officer,  Putnam Investments and Putnam Management 
Putnam Management   
  Denere P. Poulack (Born 1968) 
Nancy E. Florek (Born 1957)  Assistant Vice President, Assistant Clerk, 
Vice President, Director of Proxy Voting and Corporate  and Assistant Treasurer 
Governance, Assistant Clerk, and Assistant Treasurer  Since 2004 
Since 2000   
  Janet C. Smith (Born 1965) 
Michael J. Higgins (Born 1976)  Vice President, Principal Financial Officer, Principal 
Vice President, Treasurer, and Clerk  Accounting Officer, and Assistant Treasurer 
Since 2010  Since 2007 
  Head of Fund Administration Services, 
Jonathan S. Horwitz (Born 1955)  Putnam Investments and Putnam Management 
Executive Vice President, Principal Executive Officer,   
and Compliance Liaison  Stephen J. Tate (Born 1974) 
Since 2004  Vice President and Chief Legal Officer 
  Since 2021 
Richard T. Kircher (Born 1962)  General Counsel, Putnam Investments, 
Vice President and BSA Compliance Officer  Putnam Management, and Putnam Retail Management 
Since 2019   
Assistant Director, Operational Compliance, Putnam  Mark C. Trenchard (Born 1962) 
Investments and Putnam Retail Management  Vice President 
  Since 2002 
  Director of Operational Compliance, Putnam 
  Investments and Putnam Retail Management 

 

The principal occupations of the officers for the past five years have been with the employers as shown above, although in some cases they have held different positions with such employers. The address of each officer is 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 71 

 



Putnam family of funds

The following is a list of Putnam’s open-end mutual funds offered to the public. Investors should carefully consider the investment objective, risks, charges, and expenses of a fund before investing. For a prospectus, or a summary prospectus if available, containing this and other information for any Putnam fund or product, contact your financial advisor or call Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing.

Blend  Income 
Emerging Markets Equity Fund  Convertible Securities Fund 
Focused Equity Fund  Diversified Income Trust 
Focused International Equity Fund  Floating Rate Income Fund 
International Capital Opportunities Fund  Global Income Trust 
International Equity Fund  Government Money Market Fund* 
Multi-Cap Core Fund  High Yield Fund 
Research Fund  Income Fund 
  Money Market Fund 
Global Sector  Mortgage Opportunities Fund 
Global Health Care Fund  Mortgage Securities Fund 
Global Technology Fund  Short Duration Bond Fund 
  Ultra Short Duration Income Fund 
Growth   
Growth Opportunities Fund  Tax-free Income 
Small Cap Growth Fund  Intermediate-Term Municipal Income Fund 
Sustainable Future Fund  Short-Term Municipal Income Fund 
Sustainable Leaders Fund  Strategic Intermediate Municipal Fund 
  Tax Exempt Income Fund 
Value  Tax-Free High Yield Fund 
International Value Fund   
Large Cap Value Fund  State tax-free income funds: 
Small Cap Value Fund  California, Massachusetts, Minnesota, 
  New Jersey, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. 

 

72 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Absolute Return  Asset Allocation (cont.) 
Fixed Income Absolute Return Fund  Putnam Retirement Advantage Maturity Fund 
Multi-Asset Absolute Return Fund  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2065 Fund 
  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2060 Fund 
Putnam PanAgora§  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2055 Fund 
Putnam PanAgora Risk Parity Fund  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2050 Fund 
  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2045 Fund 
Asset Allocation  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2040 Fund 
Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2035 Fund 
George Putnam Balanced Fund  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2030 Fund 
  Putnam Retirement Advantage 2025 Fund 
Dynamic Asset Allocation Balanced Fund   
Dynamic Asset Allocation Conservative Fund  RetirementReady® Maturity Fund 
Dynamic Asset Allocation Growth Fund   RetirementReady® 2065 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2060 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2055 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2050 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2045 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2040 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2035 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2030 Fund 
  RetirementReady® 2025 Fund 

 

* You could lose money by investing in the fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time.

You could lose money by investing in the fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The fund may impose a fee upon sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the fund’s liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time.

Not available in all states.

§ Sub-advised by PanAgora Asset Management.

Check your account balances and the most recent month-end performance in the Individual Investors section at putnam.com.

George Putnam Balanced Fund 73 

 



Services for shareholders

Investor services

Systematic investment plan Tell us how much you wish to invest regularly — weekly, semimonthly, or monthly — and the amount you choose will be transferred automatically from your checking or savings account. There’s no additional fee for this service, and you can suspend it at any time. This plan may be a great way to save for college expenses or to plan for your retirement.

Please note that regular investing does not guarantee a profit or protect against loss in a declining market. Before arranging a systematic investment plan, consider your financial ability to continue making purchases in periods when prices are low.

Systematic exchange You can make regular transfers from one Putnam fund to another Putnam fund. There are no additional fees for this service, and you can cancel or change your options at any time.

Dividends PLUS You can choose to have the dividend distributions from one of your Putnam funds automatically reinvested in another Putnam fund at no additional charge.

Free exchange privilege You can exchange money between Putnam funds free of charge, as long as they are the same class of shares. A signature guarantee is required if you are exchanging more than $500,000. The fund reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege.

Reinstatement privilege If you’ve sold Putnam shares or received a check for a dividend or capital gain, you may reinvest the proceeds with Putnam within 90 days of the transaction and they will be reinvested at the fund’s current net asset value — with no sales charge. However, reinstatement of class B shares may have special tax consequences. Ask your financial or tax representative for details.

Check-writing service You have ready access to many Putnam accounts. It’s as simple as writing a check, and there are no special fees or service charges. For more information about the check-writing service, call Putnam or visit our website.

Dollar cost averaging When you’re investing for long-term goals, it’s time, not timing, that counts. Investing on a systematic basis is a better strategy than trying to figure out when the markets will go up or down. This means investing the same amount of money regularly over a long period. This method of investing is called dollar cost averaging. When a fund’s share price declines, your investment dollars buy more shares at lower prices. When it increases, they buy fewer shares. Over time, you will pay a lower average price per share.

For more information

Visit the Individual Investors section at putnam.com A secure section of our website contains complete information on your account, including balances and transactions, updated daily. You may also conduct transactions, such as exchanges, additional investments, and address changes. Log on today to get your password.

Call us toll free at 1-800-225-1581 Ask a helpful Putnam representative or your financial advisor for details about any of these or other services, or see your prospectus.

74 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 



Fund information

Founded over 80 years ago, Putnam Investments was built around the concept that a balance between risk and reward is the hallmark of a well-rounded financial program. We manage funds across income, value, blend, growth, sustainable, asset allocation, absolute return, and global sector categories.

Investment Manager  Trustees  Jonathan S. Horwitz 
Putnam Investment  Kenneth R. Leibler, Chair  Executive Vice President, 
Management, LLC  Liaquat Ahamed  Principal Executive Officer, 
100 Federal Street  Ravi Akhoury  and Compliance Liaison 
Boston, MA 02110  Barbara M. Baumann   
  Katinka Domotorffy  Richard T. Kircher 
Investment Sub-Advisor  Catharine Bond Hill  Vice President and BSA 
Putnam Investments Limited  Paul L. Joskow  Compliance Officer 
16 St James’s Street  George Putnam, III   
London, England SW1A 1ER  Robert L. Reynolds  Susan G. Malloy 
  Manoj P. Singh  Vice President and 
Marketing Services  Mona K. Sutphen  Assistant Treasurer 
Putnam Retail Management     
100 Federal Street  Officers  Denere P. Poulack 
Boston, MA 02110  Robert L. Reynolds  Assistant Vice President, 
  President  Assistant Clerk, and 
Custodian    Assistant Treasurer 
State Street Bank  James F. Clark   
and Trust Company  Vice President, Chief Compliance  Janet C. Smith 
  Officer, and Chief Risk Officer  Vice President, 
Legal Counsel    Principal Financial Officer, 
Ropes & Gray LLP  Nancy E. Florek  Principal Accounting Officer, 
Vice President, Director of  and Assistant Treasurer 
Independent Registered  Proxy Voting and Corporate   
Public Accounting Firm  Governance, Assistant Clerk,  Stephen J. Tate 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP  and Assistant Treasurer  Vice President and 
    Chief Legal Officer 
  Michael J. Higgins   
  Vice President, Treasurer,  Mark C. Trenchard 
  and Clerk  Vice President 

 

George Putnam Balanced Fund 75 

 



This report is for the information of shareholders of George Putnam Balanced Fund. It may also be used as sales literature when preceded or accompanied by the current prospectus, the most recent copy of Putnam’s Quarterly Performance Summary, and Putnam’s Quarterly Ranking Summary. For more recent performance, please visit putnam.com. Investors should carefully consider the investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses of a fund, which are described in its prospectus. For this and other information or to request a prospectus or summary prospectus, call 1-800-225-1581 toll free. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing. The fund’s Statement of Additional Information contains additional information about the fund’s Trustees and is available without charge upon request by calling 1-800-225-1581.

76 George Putnam Balanced Fund 

 






Item 2. Code of Ethics:
(a) The fund's principal executive, financial and accounting officers are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the Fund's investment manager. As such they are subject to a comprehensive Code of Ethics adopted and administered by Putnam Investments which is designed to protect the interests of the firm and its clients. The Fund has adopted a Code of Ethics which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments with respect to all of its officers and Trustees who are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC. For this reason, the Fund has not adopted a separate code of ethics governing its principal executive, financial and accounting officers.

(c) In April 2021, the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments was amended. The key changes to the Code of Ethics are as follows: (i) Employees may invest in the Putnam Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) with preclearing requirements for certain individuals (ii) All employees must hold Putnam ETFs in an approved Putnam broker (iii) All access persons must report Putnam ETF trades or holdings in the quarterly transaction report or annual holdings report.

Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert:
The Funds' Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee is comprised solely of Trustees who are “independent” (as such term has been defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in regulations implementing Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (the “Regulations”)). The Trustees believe that each member of the Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee also possesses a combination of knowledge and experience with respect to financial accounting matters, as well as other attributes, that qualifies him or her for service on the Committee. In addition, the Trustees have determined that each of Dr. Hill, Dr. Joskow, and Mr. Singh qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” (as such term has been defined by the Regulations) based on their review of his or her pertinent experience and education; in the case of Dr. Joskow, including his experience serving on the audit committees of several public companies and institutions and his education and experience as an economist who studies companies and industries, routinely using public company financial statements in his research. The SEC has stated, and the funds' amended and restated agreement and Declaration of Trust provides, that the designation or identification of a person as an audit committee financial expert pursuant to this Item 3 of Form N-CSR does not impose on such person any duties, obligations or liability that are greater than the duties, obligations and liability imposed on such person as a member of the Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee and the Board of Trustees in the absence of such designation or identification.

Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services:
The following table presents fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for services rendered to the fund by the fund's independent auditor:


Fiscal year ended Audit Fees Audit-Related Fees Tax Fees All Other Fees

July 31, 2021 $87,323 $ — $12,815 $ —
July 31, 2020 $113,094 $ — $13,679 $ —

For the fiscal years ended July 31, 2021 and July 31, 2020, the fund's independent auditor billed aggregate non-audit fees in the amounts of $322,115 and $359,521 respectively, to the fund, Putnam Management and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Putnam Management that provides ongoing services to the fund.

Audit Fees represent fees billed for the fund's last two fiscal years relating to the audit and review of the financial statements included in annual reports and registration statements, and other services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.

Audit-Related Fees represent fees billed in the fund's last two fiscal years for services traditionally performed by the fund's auditor, including accounting consultation for proposed transactions or concerning financial accounting and reporting standards and other audit or attest services not required by statute or regulation.

Tax Fees represent fees billed in the fund's last two fiscal years for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice services. Tax planning and tax advice services include assistance with tax audits, employee benefit plans and requests for rulings or technical advice from taxing authorities.

Pre-Approval Policies of the Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee. The Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee of the Putnam funds has determined that, as a matter of policy, all work performed for the funds by the funds' independent auditors will be pre-approved by the Committee itself and thus will generally not be subject to pre-approval procedures.

The Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee also has adopted a policy to pre-approve the engagement by Putnam Management and certain of its affiliates of the funds' independent auditors, even in circumstances where pre-approval is not required by applicable law. Any such requests by Putnam Management or certain of its affiliates are typically submitted in writing to the Committee and explain, among other things, the nature of the proposed engagement, the estimated fees, and why this work should be performed by that particular audit firm as opposed to another one. In reviewing such requests, the Committee considers, among other things, whether the provision of such services by the audit firm are compatible with the independence of the audit firm.

The following table presents fees billed by the fund's independent auditor for services required to be approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2–01 of Regulation S-X.


Fiscal year ended Audit-Related Fees Tax Fees All Other Fees Total Non-Audit Fees

July 31, 2021 $ — $309,300 $ — $ —
July 31, 2020 $ — $345,842 $ — $ —

Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants
Not Applicable

Item 6. Schedule of Investments:
The registrant's schedule of investments in unaffiliated issuers is included in the report to shareholders in Item 1 above.

Item 7. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures For Closed-End Management Investment Companies:
Not applicable

Item 8. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Investment Companies
Not Applicable

Item 9. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management Investment Companies and Affiliated Purchasers:
Not applicable

Item 10. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders:
Not Applicable

Item 11. Controls and Procedures:
(a) The registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded, based on their evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 180 days of the filing date of this report, that the design and operation of such procedures are generally effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the registrant in this report is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms.

(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting: Not applicable

Item 12. Disclosures of Securities Lending Activities for Closed-End Management Investment Companies:
Not applicable

Item 13. Exhibits:
(a)(1) The Code of Ethics of The Putnam Funds, which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments, is filed herewith.

(a)(2) Separate certifications for the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are filed herewith.

(b) The certifications required by Rule 30a-2(b) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are filed herewith.

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

George Putnam Balanced Fund
By (Signature and Title):
/s/ Janet C. Smith
Janet C. Smith
Principal Accounting Officer

Date: September 28, 2021
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

By (Signature and Title):
/s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz
Jonathan S. Horwitz
Principal Executive Officer

Date: September 28, 2021
By (Signature and Title):
/s/ Janet C. Smith
Janet C. Smith
Principal Financial Officer

Date: September 28, 2021

b_001certifications.htm

Certifications

I, Jonathan S. Horwitz, the Principal Executive Officer of the funds listed on Attachment A, certify that:

1. I have reviewed each report on Form N-CSR of the funds listed on Attachment A:

2. Based on my knowledge, each report does not contain any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by each report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in each report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in each report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which each report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 180 days prior to the filing date of each report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal half-year that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed to each registrant's auditors and the audit committee of each registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect each registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in each registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: September 28, 2021

/s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz
_______________________
Jonathan S. Horwitz
Principal Executive Officer













Certifications

I, Janet C. Smith, the Principal Financial Officer of the funds listed on Attachment A, certify that:

1. I have reviewed each report on Form N-CSR of the funds listed on Attachment A:

2. Based on my knowledge, each report does not contain any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by each report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in each report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in each report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which each report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 180 days prior to the filing date of each report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal half-year that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed to each registrant's auditors and the audit committee of each registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect each registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in each registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: September 28, 2021

/s/ Janet C. Smith
_______________________
Janet C. Smith
Principal Financial Officer















Attachment A

Period (s) ended July 31, 2021

               George Putnam Balanced Fund
               Putnam Growth Opportunities Fund
               Putnam Premier Income Trust
               Putnam Research Fund
               Putnam Ultra Short Duration Income Fund
               Putnam Short Term Investment Fund
               Putnam Strategic Intermediate Municipal Fund
               Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund

               Putnam RetirementReady — Funds:
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2065
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2060
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2055
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2050
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2045
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2040
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2035
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2030
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2025
               Putnam RetirementReady Maturity Fund

c_001noscertification.htm

Section 906 Certifications

I, Jonathan S. Horwitz, the Principal Executive Officer of the Funds listed on Attachment A, certify that, to my knowledge:

1. The form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended July 31, 2021 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended July 31, 2021 fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Funds listed on Attachment A.

Date: September 28, 2021

/s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz
______________________
Jonathan S. Horwitz
Principal Executive Officer














Section 906 Certifications

I, Janet C. Smith, the Principal Financial Officer of the Funds listed on Attachment A, certify that, to my knowledge:

1. The form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended July 31, 2021 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended July 31, 2021 fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Funds listed on Attachment A.

Date: September 28, 2021

/s/ Janet C. Smith
______________________
Janet C. Smith
Principal Financial Officer















Attachment A

Period (s) ended July 31, 2021

               George Putnam Balanced Fund
               Putnam Growth Opportunities Fund
               Putnam Premier Income Trust
               Putnam Research Fund
               Putnam Ultra Short Duration Income Fund
               Putnam Short Term Investment Fund
               Putnam Strategic Intermediate Municipal Fund
               Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund

               Putnam RetirementReady — Funds:
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2065
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2060
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2055
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2050
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2045
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2040
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2035
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2030
               Putnam RetirementReady — 2025
               Putnam RetirementReady Maturity Fund

a_picoemod4.htm

 

 

[PUTNAM LOGO OMITTED]

 

working@PUTNAM 

 

 

 

 

Putnam’s Code of Ethics

May 2021

 
 

 

Putnam Investments Code of Ethics

Putnam Investments is required by law to adopt a Code of Ethics (the “Code”). The objective of the Code is that Putnam’s employees comply with all applicable laws and avoid any actual, apparent, or potential conflict of interest that could be perceived to interfere with the fiduciary duty Putnam owes to its clients or with Putnam’s interests. It is the duty of Putnam’s employees ethically to handle all actual, apparent, and potential conflicts of interest that may arise. This Code of Ethics is designed to strengthen the trust and confidence our clients place in us and to demonstrate that our clients’ interests come first.

Adherence to the Code is a fundamental condition of employment at Putnam. Every employee is expected to adhere to the requirements of the Code. Any employee failing to do so may be subject to disciplinary action, including financial penalties and termination of employment, as determined by the Code of Ethics Oversight Committee.

 
 

 

Definitions

Access Person Putnam has identified certain employees as Access Persons due to their position or access to investment information. Access Persons are held to a higher standard under the Code than other employees. Please ask the Code of Ethics Officer if you have any question whether you are an Access Person. The following employees are Access Persons:

·All employees of Putnam’s Investment Management Division
·All employees of the Global Investment Strategies Group/Division
·All employees of the International RFP Group
·Employees of the Operations Division within the following specific groups and departments:
·Fund Administration Group
·Investment Services and Operations Group
·Any employee in the following groups or divisions who reports directly to a member of the Operating Committee:
·Investor Services Group
·Accounting and Middle Offices Services Group
·Marketing and Corporate Communications Division
·Defined Contribution Investment Only Group
·Global Distribution Division (including Putnam Retail Management, Putnam Global Institutional Management, and Japan businesses)
·All members of Putnam’s Operating Committee
·All employees of Putnam Investments Limited (PIL) and all other Putnam employees based in Europe
·All directors and officers of a registered investment advisor affiliate, e.g., Putnam Investment Management, LLC (PIM), or The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC)
·All employees who have access to My Putnam (unless access is limited to the Wall Street Journal, Factiva, or other systems that do not allow access to non-public information about Putnam products, as determined by the Code of Ethics Officer) Employees who have systems access or other access to non-public information about any client’s purchase or sale of securities or to information regarding portfolio holdings or recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales
·Others as determined by the Code of Ethics Officer, including certain employees in rotational programs

Business or financial relationship refers to any type of existing or prospective arrangement between Putnam, on the one hand, and another entity or person, on the other hand, in which Putnam provides or receives financial consideration, goods, services, or advice. It also includes any investment by Putnam for itself or its clients. This means that there is a business or financial relationship between Putnam and each portfolio company.

Closed-end fund means a fund that has a fixed number of shares outstanding and does not redeem its shares. Closed-end funds typically trade like stocks on an exchange.

The Code of Ethics Officer and the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer are responsible for enforcing and interpreting the Code. The following are the current members of the Code of Ethics staff, each of whom can answer employee questions and provide other assistance regarding the Code:

 
 

 

 

Code of Ethics Officer: James Clark (617) 760-8939
Deputy Code of Ethics Officer: Akiko Lindholm (617) 760-2177
Sr. Compliance Specialist: Dana Scribner-Shea (617) 760-7182

 

Code of Ethics Oversight Committee has oversight responsibility for administering the Code of Ethics. Members include the Code of Ethics Officer and other members of Putnam’s senior management appointed by the Chief Executive Officer of Putnam. The Committee reviews and approves Code revisions, violations, and sanctions. In certain instances, requests for exemptions may require the approval of the Committee. The Committee meets on a quarterly basis or as otherwise necessary.

Exchange-traded fund (ETF) means a fund (other than a closed-end fund) that can be traded on an exchange throughout the day like a stock. ETFs often track an index. Examples include (but are not limited to) SPDRs, WEBs, QQQQs, iShares, and HLDRs.

Immediate Family means the Putnam employee’s spouse, domestic partner, fiancé(e), or other family members who are living in the same household or financially dependent on the Putnam employee. Financial dependence, for this purpose, means substantial and regular reliance by the family member on the Putnam employee to meet the family member’s financial obligations, including, for example, the costs of housing or educational expenses. Immediate Family also includes any other family members, including in-laws, for whom the Putnam employee can exercise investment discretion, regardless of whether or not they live in the same household.

Private placement means any offering of a security not offered to the public and not requiring registration with the relevant securities authorities, including but not limited to, equity or debt issued by a privately held company, private funds, hedge funds, or other privately offered securities.

Putnam means any or all of Putnam Investments, LLC and its subsidiaries (other than PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. and any of its subsidiaries), any one of which shall be a Putnam company.

Putnam employee, or employee, means any employee of Putnam and, for purposes of all rules in Sections 1, 2, and 3, also includes the following:

·Members of the Immediate Family of a Putnam employee;
·Any trust in which a Putnam employee or Immediate Family member is a trustee with investment discretion;
·Any account for a partnership in which a Putnam employee or Immediate Family member is a general partner or a partner with investment discretion;
·Any closely held entity (such as a partnership, limited liability company, or corporation) in which a Putnam employee or Immediate Family member holds a controlling interest and with respect to which he or she has investment discretion;
·Any account (including any retirement, pension, deferred compensation, or similar account) in which a Putnam employee or Immediate Family member has a substantial economic interest and over which the Putnam employee or Immediate Family member exercises investment discretion;
 
 
·Any account other than a Putnam client account that receives investment advice of any sort from the employee or Immediate Family member, or as to which the employee or Immediate Family member has investment discretion.

Putnam ETF means any exchange-traded fund managed and/or sponsored by Putnam Investments and its investment adviser subsidiaries other than PanAgora Asset Management, Inc.

 

Security The instruments required to be pre-cleared under Section 1.1 are considered to be securities for purposes of this Code and are also required to be reported by Access Persons under Section 4. In addition, transactions in exchange-traded funds (ETFs), exchange-traded notes (ETNs), exchange-traded commodities (ETCs), options, futures, and other derivative securities are required to be reported by Access Persons under Section 4, even for those instruments that are not required to be pre-cleared pursuant to Section 1.1(c).

Section 1 — Personal Securities Rules for All Employees

Putnam maintains the Code of Ethics PTA system to assist employees in fulfilling their obligations under the Code of Ethics. This system can be accessed by selecting the Code of Ethics PTA link, which appears on Putnam’s intranet page in the Secure Information section under My Essentials. This system allows the automated pre-clearance of publicly traded equities and other securities trading on major U.S. and other exchanges. To pre-clear an options contract for a publicly traded security, pre-clear the underlying security in the Code of Ethics PTA system. To request clearance to trade bonds or other securities, you must contact the Code of Ethics staff. Pre-clearance hours are 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time.

1.1. Pre-clearance Requirements

The pre-clearance requirements under this section apply to employees who are Access Persons.

1.1(a) Employees must pre-clear all trades in the following securities:

·Stocks of companies
·Bonds and other debt instruments, including new offerings (including preferred stock, corporate, municipal, high-yield, and convertible bonds)
·Options, warrants, and all other derivatives of any underlying securities that themselves require pre-clearancee
·Closed-end funds, including Putnam closed-end funds

Employees must also pre-clear the following transactions:

·Private placements and purchases of hedge funds or other private investment funds, which must receive pre-approval from the Code of Ethics Oversight Committee (sales of private placements, hedge funds, or other private investment funds do not need to be pre-cleared; however, they must be reported)
·Donating or gifting of securities
·Shares purchased by subscription or by mail (if purchasing directly from a company’s transfer agent by check, you must pre-clear the day the check is to be mailed)
·Tendering securities from your personal account
·Loans, or guarantees of obligations, being made to non-family members with whom Putnam has a business or financial relationship
 
 

 

·Exercising rights to purchase shares of a company’s stock (other than involuntary exercises)
·Exercising options or warrants to acquire shares of a company’s stock (other than involuntary exercises as set forth under Section 1.1(c)

1.1(b) Provisions Applicable to Pre-clearances

A pre-clearance is only valid for trading on the day it is obtained. However, trades by employees in Putnam’s Asian or European offices, or trades by any employees in securities listed on Asian or European stock exchanges, may be executed within one business day after pre-clearance is obtained. If the Code of Ethics system does not recognize a security, if an employee is unable to use the system, or if he or she has any questions with respect to the system or pre-clearance, the employee must contact the Code of Ethics staff.

1.1(c) Exceptions from Pre-clearance Requirements

Pre-clearance is not required for certain transactions. (Please note that reporting may still be required for Access Persons even when pre-clearance is not required. See Sections 4 and 5 for reporting requirements.) Pre-clearance is not required for:

·Open-end mutual funds
·Currencies and currency forwards, including cryptocurrencies
·Commodities
·Treasury securities and other U.S. and other sovereign government debt (Please note that agency securities, such as securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, require pre-clearance.)
·Certificates of deposit (CDs), commercial paper, repurchase agreements, bankers’ acceptances, and other money market instruments
·Options and futures and all other derivatives based on an index of securities
·Exchange-traded funds (ETFs), exchange-traded notes (ETNs), and exchange-traded commodities (ETCs)
·Putnam ETFs (however, certain investment professionals need to preclear trades in Putnam ETFs—see Section 1.1(d) below)
·Trades in approved discretionary accounts (see Section 4.2 for additional information)
·Transactions that are involuntary (i.e., not initiated by the employee or an Immediate Family member covered under the Code), including dividend reinvestments under an automatic program of a publicly traded issuer and broker actions not initiated by the employee, such as option assignments or sales out of the brokerage account to cover fees or margin calls (provided the employee may not have withdrawn funds from the margin account in the prior 10 days

1.1(d) Putnam ETFs Preclearance Rule for Certain Investment Professionals

Personnel in the Equity Trading and Capital Markets groups, Portfolio Managers of any Putnam ETF, and any other Putnam personnel designated by the Code of Ethics Officer must preclear personal trades in Putnam ETFs by contacting the Code of Ethics Staff. To enable timely processing, requests should be placed with the Code of Ethics Staff by 12:00 p.m. on the day of the trade; requests are good only for the trading day on which they are submitted.

 

 
 

 

1.2. Restricted List

The Restricted List rule under this section applies to employees who are Access Persons.

Employees may not trade in securities that are on Putnam’s Restricted List, except as set forth below under “Large-/Mid-Cap Exemption.” There are a number of reasons why a security may appear on the Restricted List, and securities are placed on the Restricted List under criteria, and in specific circumstances, as determined by the Code of Ethics Officer or the Code of Ethics Oversight Committee. If a security is not on the Restricted List, other classes of securities of the same issuer (e.g., preferred or convertible preferred stock) may be on the Restricted List. It is the employee’s responsibility to identify with particularity the class of securities being pre-cleared. Bonds are generally restricted at the issuer level.

Large-/Mid-Cap Exemption An employee may trade up to $25,000 in principal amount of the shares of a security appearing on the Restricted List if it is an equity security of an issuer with a market capitalization greater than $2 billion. However, these transactions must still be pre-cleared. Market capitalization is defined as outstanding shares multiplied by current price per share.

 

1.3. Prohibited Transactions

The following transactions and activities are prohibited for all employees:

Good-until-canceled orders (GTC). Any order not executed on the day of pre-clearance must be resubmitted for pre-clearance before being executed on a subsequent day.

Short sales of any security that is subject to pre-clearance requirements. However, short sales against the box are permitted. In addition, opening an option position that would result in a short position in the underlying security upon assignment or expiration is also prohibited (i.e., buying a put option or selling a call option without owning a number of shares at least equal to the delivery obligation under the contract, is prohibited). Purchasing a put option or selling a call option would not be considered acceptable if the only position covering such option would be another option position, such as purchasing a call option or selling a put option, to avoid a violation.

Purchasing equity securities in an initial public offering (IPO). Although exceptions from this prohibition will rarely be granted, employees may request an exemption from the Code of Ethics Officer, who may grant exceptions in unusual cases such as when an Immediate Family member’s association or employment with the issuer warrants consideration or when the employee has had a pre-existing status for at least two years as a policyholder or depositor in connection with a bank or insurance company conversion from mutual or cooperative form to stock form.

Trading with material non-public information (see Section 7)

Personal trading with Putnam client portfolios. Putnam employees may not buy or sell securities when the employee knows a Putnam client account is on the other side of the trade.

Participating in an investment club

Spread betting. PIL employees may not enter into any spread betting contracts on financial instruments.

Opening a discretionary account (see Section 4.2) and trading securities requiring pre-clearance, without obtaining proper advance approval for that account as required

Investing in a public digital coin/token offering

 
 

1.4. Policy Regarding Frequency of Personal Trading

Putnam employees are not limited to a pre-determined number of trades in securities during a specified time frame. However, excessive trading by an employee can divert the employee’s attention from his or her responsibilities as an employee and increases the possibility of engaging in transactions that are in actual or apparent conflict with Putnam’s client accounts. In addition, excessive short-term trading by an employee in shares of a Putnam-managed fund can also create actual or apparent conflicts with other shareholders of such fund and may have other detrimental effects as described in the prospectus or other disclosure document for such fund. Putnam reserves the right to monitor the number of trades (including for these purposes trades in securities that are required to be pre-cleared under Section 1.1(a), shares of Putnam-managed funds, and other securities that are required to be reported under Section 5.1 or 5.2, such as ETFs, ETNs, ETCs, options, futures, and other derivative securities) executed by an employee and members of his or her Immediate Family and may review any such activity that appears to be excessive with the employee’s manager(s) and/or the Code of Ethics Oversight Committee, as deemed appropriate by the Code of Ethics Officer. The Code of Ethics Oversight Committee shall have the authority to address any circumstances of excessive trading in securities or excessive short-term trading in shares of a Putnam-managed fund in accordance with Section 8 of this Code.

Section 2 — Putnam Mutual Funds, Closed-End Funds and Exchange-Traded Funds

2.1. Holding Putnam Mutual Fund Shares at Putnam

Putnam employees must hold shares of Putnam open-end U.S. mutual funds through accounts maintained at Putnam, with Putnam Retail Management (PRM) listed as the dealer of record. All transactions must be executed through Putnam and not through an outside broker or other intermediary.

These requirements also apply to:

·Self-directed IRA accounts holding Putnam fund shares;
·Variable annuities and variable insurance contracts, such as Putnam/Hartford Capital Manager and Allstate Advisor, which invest in Putnam Variable Trusts (must list PRM as dealer but may be held at the insurer)

In limited circumstances, retirement, pension, deferred compensation, health savings, and similar accounts (and variable insurance arrangements) that cannot be legally transferred to Putnam may be allowed to hold Putnam funds upon approval of the Code of Ethics Officer. For example, a spouse of a Putnam employee may have a 401(k)/Profit Sharing Plan with his or her employer that invests in Putnam funds. The employee must notify the Code of Ethics Officer in writing, provide the reason why the account cannot be transferred to Putnam, and arrange for all account statements and confirmations to be sent to the Code of Ethics staff, if approved.

2.2. Putnam Mutual Funds — Linked Accounts

All employees are required to ensure that their Immediate Family members’ accounts holding Putnam mutual funds are linked to comply with the requirements stated above and to permit monitoring for excessive short-term trading in accordance with Section 1.4. To ensure these accounts are linked, log on to Putnam’s intranet home page at http://intranet/home/index.shtml, and select My Essentials/Linked mutual fund accounts.

2.3. Putnam Closed-End Funds

 
 

 

2.3(a) Pre-clearance and Reporting

Putnam closed-end fund shares are subject to the same pre-clearance and reporting requirements as other stocks. A list of the Putnam closed-end funds can be obtained from the Code of Ethics staff.

2.3(b) Special Rules Applicable to Portfolio Managers to Putnam Closed-End Funds, Group Heads in the Investment Division, Operating Committee members, and officers of the Putnam Funds

Portfolio Managers to Putnam closed-end funds, Group Heads in Putnam’s Investment Division, Putnam Operating Committee members, and officers of the Putnam Funds will not receive clearance to engage in any combination of purchase and sale, or sale and purchase, of the shares of a given closed-end fund within six months of each other. Therefore, purchases should be made only if you intend to hold the shares more than six months, and sales should not be made if you plan to purchase more shares of that fund within six months.

2.4. Putnam Exchange-Traded Funds

Putnam employees may invest in Putnam ETFs, subject to the preclearance requirement set forth in Section 1.1(d) for certain investment professionals. However, Putnam employees must hold shares of Putnam ETFs in accounts maintained by an approved broker-dealer—see Section 4.4 below.

Section 3 — Additional Rules for Access Persons and Certain Investment Professionals

3.1. 60-Day Short-Term Rule — All Access Persons

Access Persons may not sell a security at a price higher than any price paid for that security within the past 60 calendar days, or buy a security at a price below which he or she sold the same security within the past 60 days. This rule applies to transactions across all accounts of the employee. All trades for the previous 60 days in all accounts will be compared to the trade date for the transaction in question to determine whether a violation has occurred. Thus, if within a 60-day period, an employee buys a security for $10, buys it again for $15, and then sells shares of this security for $12, this will be considered a violation even though some shares of the security in question were bought for a higher price. To further illustrate the rule, if an employee buys a security for $15 on one day, buys it again for $10 a year later, and then less than 60 days after the second purchase sells shares of this security for $12, this will be considered a violation even though some shares of the security in question were bought for a higher price more than 60 days earlier. Access Persons may also not open an option transaction for a contract that expires in 60 days or less. The holding period for securities acquired upon exercise of a purchased call option shall be calculated using the date of acquisition of the option (rather than the date of exercise of the option) as the starting point for the 60-day holding period. Further, this rule also applies to common stock and option exercise transactions. For example, an employee may purchase calls/call spreads, and he or she may buy/sell a common stock of the same security (because transactions in options and common stock shares are treated differently); however, if the employee plans to exercise the option, he or she needs to ensure that it is not in the opposite direction of the common stock transaction (at a profit) that he or she traded within the past 60 days. Although portfolio managers and analysts may sell securities at a profit within 60 days of purchase in order to comply with the requirements of the 7-Day Pre-Trade and 7-Day Post-Trade Rules (see Sections 3.2 and 3.3), any profit must be disgorged and paid to charity.

This 60-Day Short Term Rule will not apply to trades in ETFs, including Putnam ETFs.

3.2. 7-Day Pre-Trade Rule (Portfolio Managers and Analysts)

 
 

 

3.2(a) Portfolio Managers

(i) Before a portfolio manager places an order to buy a security for any Putnam client portfolio that he manages, he must sell that security or related derivative security if he has purchased it in his personal account within the preceding seven calendar days; or (ii) upon entering an order to sell a security for any Putnam client portfolio that he manages, he must disgorge to charity any losses avoided if he sold the security in his personal account within the preceding seven calendar days. Disgorgements will be measured by the difference between the selling price for the personal account and the selling price for the client account, multiplied by the number of shares sold for the personal account. For certain designated sleeved funds or portfolios, if a portfolio manager (but not the Chief Investment Officer of Equities and Director of Equity Research , who are not eligible for this exception) does not actually manage the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, but rather is a named portfolio manager for the overall fund(s), and if the portfolio manager does not have any actual knowledge of day-to-day trade activities and upcoming changes in ratings of securities in the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, the Code of Ethics Officer, the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer or their designee may override this rule.

3.2(b) Analysts

(i) Before an analyst makes an initial purchase or outperform recommendation (including an initial recommendation change) for a security (including designation of a security for inclusion in the portfolio of Putnam Research Fund), he must sell that security or related derivative security if he has purchased it in his personal account within the preceding seven calendar days; or (ii) upon making an initial sell or an underperform recommendation (including an initial recommendation change) for a security (including designation of a security for sale from the portfolio of Putnam Research Fund), he must disgorge to charity any losses avoided if he sold the security in his personal account within the preceding seven calendar days. Disgorgements will be measured by the difference between the selling price for the personal account and the price at the time that the recommendation is made, multiplied by the number of shares sold for the personal account.

For certain designated sleeved funds or portfolios, if an analyst (but not the Chief Investment Officer of Equities and Director of Equity Research , who are not eligible for this exception) does not actually manage the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, but rather is a named portfolio manager for the overall fund(s), and if the analyst does not have any actual knowledge of day-to-day trade activities and upcoming changes in ratings of securities in the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, the Code of Ethics Officer, the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer, or their designee may override this rule.

3.3. 7-Day Post-Trade Rule (Portfolio Managers and Analysts)

3.3(a) Portfolio Managers

No portfolio manager shall: (i) sell any security or related derivative security for her personal account until seven calendar days have elapsed after the date of the most recent purchase of that security or related derivative security by any Putnam client portfolio she manages or co-manages; or (ii) purchase any security or related derivative security for her personal account until seven calendar days have elapsed after the date of the most recent sale of that security or related derivative security from any Putnam client portfolio that she manages or co-manages. For certain designated sleeved funds or portfolios, if a portfolio manager (but not the Chief Investment Officer of Equities and Director of Equity Research , who are not eligible for this exception) does not actually manage the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, but rather is a named portfolio manager for the overall fund(s), and if the portfolio manager does not have any actual knowledge of day-to-day trade activities and upcoming changes in ratings of securities in the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, the Code of Ethics Officer, the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer or their designee may override this rule.

 
 

3.3(b) Analysts

No analyst shall: (i) sell any security or related derivative security for his personal account until seven calendar days have elapsed after the date of his initial buy or outperform recommendation (including an initial recommendation change) for that security or related derivative security (including designation of a security for inclusion in the portfolio of Putnam Research Fund); or (ii) purchase any security or related derivative security for his personal account until seven calendar days have elapsed after the date of his initial sell or underperform recommendation (including an initial recommendation change) for that security or related derivative security (including the removal of a security from the portfolio of Putnam Research Fund). For certain designated sleeved funds or portfolios, if an analyst (but not the Chief Investment Officer of Equities and Director of Equity Research , who are not eligible for this exception) does not actually manage the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, but rather is a named portfolio manager for the overall fund(s), and if the analyst does not have any actual knowledge of day-to-day trade activities and upcoming changes in ratings of securities in the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, the Code of Ethics Officer, the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer or their designee may override this rule.

3.4. Contra-Trading Rule (Portfolio Managers)

No portfolio manager shall, without prior clearance and written approval (which may be satisfied by email) from the Chief Investment Officer and Code of Ethics Officer, sell in his personal account any securities or related derivative securities that are held in any Putnam client portfolio that he manages or co-manages. Contact the Code of Ethics Officer for a copy of the Contra-Trading Rule Clearance Form. For certain designated sleeved funds or portfolios, the Code of Ethics Officer, the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer or their designee may permit a sale in the portfolio manager’s personal account without obtaining written approval from the Chief Investment Officer and Code of Ethics Officer, if the portfolio manager (but not the Chief Investment Officer of Equities and Director of Equity Research , who are not eligible for this exception) does not actually manage the sleeves of the funds or portfolios, but rather is a named portfolio manager for the overall fund(s), and if the portfolio manager does not have any actual knowledge of day-to-day trade activities and upcoming changes in ratings of securities in the sleeves of the funds or portfolios.

3.5. No Personal Benefit (Portfolio Managers and Analysts)

No portfolio manager shall cause, and no analyst shall recommend, an action that would cause a Putnam client to take action for the portfolio manager’s or analyst’s own personal benefit. A portfolio manager who trades in, or an analyst who recommends, particular securities for a Putnam client account in order to support the price of securities in his personal account, or who “front runs” a Putnam client order, is in violation of this Rule.

Section 4 — Reporting Requirements

4.1. Brokerage/Securities Accounts — Initial and Annual Requirements

All employees (on their own behalf and on behalf of their Immediate Family members (see Definitions)) are required to report the existence of any accounts that have the capability of purchasing any securities. This Rule includes all brokerage accounts, accounts held directly at an issuer’s transfer agent, and securities held in physical certificate form by an employee or any Immediate Family member of the employee, or any other accounts in which reportable securities can be traded and/or held. The only investment accounts excluded from this rule are accounts that are only permitted to hold open-end mutual funds (other than Putnam open-end funds) and no other investments, and TreasuryDirect accounts, which can only purchase Treasury securities.

 
 

 

To satisfy this requirement, a new employee must complete the Code of Ethics and Broker Account Certification, and Access Persons must also complete Initial Holdings Certification in the Code of Ethics PTA system, and supply the Code of Ethics Department with a copy of the most recent statement for each account, within the required time frame below:

·Access Persons — within 10 days of hire
·Non-access Persons — within 30 days of hire

In addition, a new employee must obtain written approval from the Code of Ethics staff to maintain his/her reportable accounts within 30 days of hire.

All current U.S. employees must contact the Code of Ethics staff and obtain written approval from the Code of Ethics staff prior to opening any new accounts outside of Putnam (including accounts being opened for Immediate Family members), and disclose them. This Rule includes all brokerage accounts (including a self-directed brokerage account in the Putnam 401(k) plan), accounts held directly at an issuer’s transfer agent, and securities held in physical certificate form by an employee or any Immediate Family member of the employee, or any other accounts in which reportable securities can be traded and/or held.

Non-U.S. current employees opening a new account (including accounts being opened for Immediate Family members) must disclose them to the Code of Ethics Department prior to opening, or immediately after opening, the account in advance of the first personal securities transaction in the account.

All employees will be required to certify annually that all accounts requiring disclosure are accurately listed in the Code of Ethics PTA system.

4.2. Separate Provisions for Brokerage/Securities Accounts That Are Professionally Managed (Discretionary) Accounts — Initial and Annual Requirements

If you wish to establish a professionally managed or discretionary account (including professionally managed or discretionary accounts being opened for Immediate Family members), where you completely turn over decision-making authority to a professional money manager who is not subject to this Code and you have no direct or indirect influence or control over the discretionary account, you must disclose the existence of the account and receive approval from the Code of Ethics staff in advance of the first personal securities transaction (new employees have 30 days to obtain the appropriate approval). You do not need to pre-clear or report securities transactions in these accounts. Please note that a discretionary account may not purchase an IPO or hold Putnam open-end mutual funds. The broker or advisor maintaining discretion over the account must be an independent third party, not affiliated with or related to a family member of the Putnam employee in any way.

 

In order for the account to be considered discretionary, the employee must:

Complete an initial certification in which both the employee and the broker/advisor certify that the Putnam employee or Immediate Family member does not participate in investment decisions on the account;

Complete an annual certification in which the employee certifies that the Putnam employee or Immediate Family member does not participate in investment decisions on the account, and does not have direct or indirect influence or control over the account;

Respond, and arrange for the employee’s broker/advisor to respond, to such inquiries as deemed advisable by the Code of Ethics staff in their assessment of whether the account is discretionary; and

 
 

Ensure that copies of broker statements are delivered to Putnam investments.

4.3. Account Confirmations and Statements

All employees are required to ensure that copies of all confirmations and statements are delivered to Putnam for all accounts described in Section 4.1, and to ensure that copies of all statements (but not confirmations) are delivered to Putnam for all discretionary accounts described in Section 4.2. When the employee discloses the account as required, the Code of Ethics staff will issue a 407 letter, or other communication to the entity where the employee’s account is held, requesting that confirmations and statements be sent to Putnam on the employee’s behalf. However, it is ultimately the employee’s responsibility to ensure that his or her broker has complied with this request. Employees in non-U.S. offices may be subject to different requirements with respect to the frequency of providing account confirmations and statements. Any such different requirements will be communicated to the employees by the Code of Ethics staff.

If it is discovered that these reports are not being delivered to Putnam, the Code of Ethics staff will bring this issue to the employee’s attention and request he or she assist in rectifying the issue. If it is determined that a broker has failed to comply with requests to deliver these reports, Putnam reserves the right to require the employee to close the account within 30 days by transferring the account to another dealer willing to comply with this requirement (any trades as a result of a transfer must be pre-cleared). In cases where Putnam has an electronic reporting relationship established with a firm, Putnam may rely on this electronic reporting for monitoring and record keeping in lieu of receiving trade confirmations and statements via mail.

4.4. Approved Brokers — U.S. Employees Only

U.S. employees of Putnam are required to hold each of their personal accounts (including any retirement, pension, deferred compensation, or similar accounts) at a Putnam-approved broker that provides Putnam with an electronic broker feed. The list of approved brokers is posted to the Putnam Compliance intranet homepage and the Code of Ethics PTA system. In limited circumstances, employees may be allowed to hold personal accounts at a non-Putnam-approved broker (examples include retirement accounts at current employers of Immediate Family members and accounts that cannot legally be transferred to Putnam-approved brokers). In such a case, the employee must notify the Code of Ethics Officer in writing and provide the reason why the account cannot be transferred to a Putnam-approved broker or why the employee otherwise requests an exception be granted by the Code of Ethics Officer or Deputy Code of Ethics Officer. In the event an exception is granted, the employee must arrange for trade confirmations and account statements (quarterly) to be sent to the Code of Ethics staff.

Section 5 — Additional Reporting, Certification, and Training Requirements

5.1. Initial/Annual Holdings Report — Access Persons Only

Access Persons must disclose and certify their securities holdings, including all holdings for Immediate Family member accounts, within 10 days of hire (or within 10 days of becoming an Access Person) and then on an annual basis thereafter (within 45 days after the end of the year). The report of securities holdings must include all securities that require pre-clearance under Section 1.1, as well as holdings in non-U.S. sovereign government debt, ETFs, ETNs, ETCs, options, futures, and other derivative securities, and holdings of Putnam open-end U.S. mutual funds not held through a Putnam account and U.S. registered mutual funds to which Putnam acts as advisor or sub-advisor (see Section 4). Each of the initial and annual holdings reports must contain the following information:

Initial holdings report:

·The title, number of shares, and principal amount of each security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership when the person became an Access Person,
 
 
·The name of any broker, dealer, or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any securities could be held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person as of the date the person became an Access Person; and
·The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

Annual holdings report:

·The title, number of shares, and principal amount of each security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership,
·The name of any broker, dealer, or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any securities could be held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person; and
·The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

5.2. Quarterly Transaction Report — Access Persons Only

Access Persons must disclose and certify all of their personal securities transactions, including transactions for Immediate Family member accounts, within 20 calendar days following the end of each quarter. If the 20th of a month after the end of a quarter falls on a holiday or weekend, the Code of Ethics Officer may extend the deadline. In addition to the securities requiring pre-clearance under Section 1.1, Access Persons are also required to disclose and certify all personal transac- tions in non-U.S. sovereign government debt, as well as ETFs, ETNs, ETCs, options, futures, and other derivative securities, and not just those requiring pre-clearance. The quarterly transaction report must contain the following information:

·The date of the transaction, the title, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares, and
the principal amount of each transaction involved,
·The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale, or any other type of acquisition or disposition),
·The price of the security at which the transaction was effected,
·The name of the broker, dealer, or bank with or through which the transaction was effected, and
·The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person

5.3. Annual Certification — All Employees

Each calendar year, all employees will be required to certify that they have reviewed and understand the rules and requirements of the Code and that the list of brokerage accounts (for the employee and all Immediate Family members) disclosed in the Code of Ethics PTA system is accurate. An email notification will be sent informing employees of their requirement and the due date.

5.4. Training Requirements — All Employees

As deemed necessary by the Code of Ethics staff, employees will be required to complete training on Putnam’s Code of Ethics. Email notifications will be sent notifying employees of the requirements and the due date.

5.5. Maintenance and Distribution of the Code of Ethics

When revisions are made to the Code of Ethics, all employees will receive a revised version of the Code. The Code will be available to all employees on Putnam’s intranet site. Hard copies may be requested by contacting the Code of Ethics staff.

 
 

5.6. Procedures and Timeliness

Most certifications and reports required by the Code are completed in the Code of Ethics PTA system. There are strict deadlines for these filings. Planned absences, vacations, and business trips are not valid excuses for failing to meet a deadline. Employees will receive instructions regarding these submissions and the due dates. Please contact the Code of Ethics staff for assistance.

Section 6 — General Ethics Rules for All Employees

Putnam employees are expected to act ethically at all times in connection with their employment. In addition to complying with the specific provisions of this section, employees should contact the Code of Ethics staff or the Ombudsman if they are not sure how to proceed in any circumstances involving ethical issues or questions.

6.1. Conflicts of Interest

Your obligation to act ethically at all times includes the ethical handling of actual, apparent, and potential conflicts of interest between personal and business affairs. Please note that when this Section 6.1 refers to a “conflict of interest,” it is referring to actual, apparent, and potential conflicts of interest. Conflicts of interest may arise in various circumstances, some of which are covered in the specific situations set forth in the other portions of this Section 6. However, it is not possible to set forth each specific situation under which a conflict of interest may arise.

A conflict of interest arises when a person’s personal affairs interfere with the interests of Putnam or Putnam’s clients. A conflict of interest can also arise when an employee or a member of his or her Immediate Family takes an action or has an interest that may make it difficult to perform his or her work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest may arise when an employee or a member of his or her Immediate Family receives or grants improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position or in the event that an employee or a member of his or her Immediate Family enters into transactions or agreements with any entity or person with whom Putnam has a business or financial relationship. Putnam employees must recognize (including through their personal trading and conduct) that the firm’s clients always come first, that the employees and the firm must avoid any actual or potential abuse of our positions of trust and responsibility, and that the employees and the firm must never take inappropriate advantage of our positions.

Given that actual, apparent, and potential conflicts of interest may often not be clear-cut, if you have any question or doubt whatsoever, you should consult the Code of Ethics Officer or Deputy Code of Ethics Officer prior to engaging in the activity in question. Any employee who becomes aware of a conflict, potential conflict, or the appearance of a conflict is strongly encouraged to bring it to the attention of the Code of Ethics Officer or Deputy Code of Ethics Officer.

6.2. Outside Business Activities

No Putnam employee shall serve as employee, officer, director, trustee, or general partner of a corporation or entity other than Putnam, without prior written approval of the Code of Ethics Officer, who may also confirm that the employee’s manager has approved such outside position. Requests for a role at a publicly traded company are especially disfavored and are closely reviewed. Permission will be granted only in extenuating circumstances.

All employees must provide a written request seeking approval from the Code of Ethics Officer by entering the details of the proposed position in the Code of Ethics PTA system. Employees may not engage in any outside employment activity until they receive an email approving their request. Employees hired at Putnam with an outside position must disclose the position upon hire in the system and may be required to resign such position if the position presents conflicts of interest or other issues.

 
 

 

FINRA-licensed employees under PRM also have an obligation to disclose outside positions to, and receive approval from, the PRM Compliance Department. Employees must also keep this information accurate by updating their profile in the Code of Ethics system and updating the PRM Compliance Department if they change or terminate a position previously approved.

6.3. Charitable or Non-profit Roles/Role as Trustee or Fiduciary Outside Putnam Investments

6.3(a) An employee may serve as a volunteer, officer, director, or trustee of a charitable or not-for-profit institution, provided that the employee abides by the Code of Ethics with respect to any investment activity for which she has any discretion or input as a volunteer, officer, director, or trustee. The pre-clearance and reporting requirements of the Code of Ethics do not apply to the trading activities of such charitable or not-for-profit institutions for which an employee serves as a volunteer, officer, director, or trustee unless the employee has discretion for the account. You must contact the Code of Ethics staff if you are asked to serve in a role in which you may have discretion, investment, or financial authority for a charitable or not-for- profit institution to discuss whether such position is permissible and whether you must perform any additional actions prior to serving in such role.

6.3(b) Except as stated below, no Putnam employee shall serve as a trustee, an executor, a custodian, or any other fiduciary, or as an investment advisor or a counselor for any account outside Putnam. Putnam employees may serve as a fiduciary with respect to a religious or charitable trust or foundation, provided that the employee abides by the Code of Ethics with respect to any investment activity for which she has any discretion or input. The pre-clearance and reporting requirements of the Code of Ethics apply to the trading activities of such a religious or charitable trust or foundation if the employee has discretion for the account.

6.3(c) Family Trust or Estate Exception

Putnam employees may serve as a fiduciary with respect to a family trust or estate, as long as the employee abides by all of the Rules of the Code of Ethics with respect to any investment activity over which he has any discretion.

6.4. Service As a Public Official

An employee seeking to serve in an official capacity (elected or unelected, with or without compensation) for any government, government agency, or instrumentality must contact the Code of Ethics Officer prior to serving in such capacity. The Code of Ethics Officer shall review such prospective service to determine whether the service could create any potential conflicts of interest for Putnam (e.g., service of a government body that can select investment managers for a public pension plan) and to determine any appropriate steps to address conflicts.

6.5. Family Members’ Conflict Policy

No employee or member of an employee’s Immediate Family shall have any direct or indirect personal financial interests in companies that do business with Putnam, unless such interest is disclosed and approved by the Code of Ethics Officer.

6.5(a) Corporate Purchase of Goods and Services

Putnam will not acquire goods and services from any firm in which a member of an employee’s Immediate Family serves as a sales representative or in a senior management capacity, or has an ownership interest (excluding normal investment holdings in public companies), unless permission is obtained from the Chief Financial Officer and the Code of Ethics Officer. Any employee who is aware of a proposal to purchase goods and services from a firm with which a member of the employee’s Immediate Family has one of these associations must notify the Chief Financial Officer and the Code of Ethics Officer.

 
 

6.5(b) Portfolio Trading

Putnam will not allocate any client trades to any firm that employs a member of an employee’s Immediate Family as a sales representative to Putnam (in a primary, secondary, or backup role). Any Putnam employee who is aware that an Immediate Family member serves as a broker-dealer’s sales representative to Putnam should inform the Code of Ethics Officer.

6.5(c) Definition of Immediate Family (specific to this rule)

“Immediate Family” of an employee means (1) spouse, fiancé(e), or domestic partner of the employee, (2) any child, sibling, or parent of an employee and any person married to a child, sibling, or parent of an employee, and (3) any other person who lives in the same household as the employee

6.6. CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct

All members of the Investment Division and any other CFA institute Members or Candidates must follow and abide by the spirit of the Code of Ethics and the Standards of Professional Conduct of the CFA Institute as in effect from time to time (see the Appendix for a copy of the version in force as of the date of the Putnam Investments Code). The text of the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct can be found on the Putnam Compliance Department intranet home page, which is accessible from the Putnam intranet home page. The terms of Putnam’s Code of Ethics shall govern in any case where there is a conflict between the terms of this Code and the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct. Please contact the Code of Ethics Officer with any questions.

6.7. Business Ethics, Ombuds, and Hotlines

6.7(a) If a Putnam employee suspects that fraudulent, illegal, or other irregular activity (including violations of the Code of Ethics) might be occurring at Putnam, the activity should be reported immediately to Putnam’s Controller, Chief Compliance Officer, or Code of Ethics Officer through the Ombuds or hotlines described below or through Putnam’s Human Resources department

6.7(b) Putnam has established the office of the corporate ombuds as a resource to help employees address legal or ethical issues in the workplace and to allow employees to voice concerns or seek clarity on issues. The Ombuds provides a confidential, independent, and impartial source to employees to discuss potential violations of law or of company standards without fear of retribution, and serves as a neutral party with no vested interest in a particular outcome.

6.7(c)An employee who does not feel comfortable reporting activity in the manner described in 6.6(a) may instead contact any of the following on an anonymous basis:

·The Putnam Ethics hotline at 1-888-475-4210,
·The Putnam Funds Trustees’ hotline at 1-866-858-4155, or
·Putnam’s Ombuds at 1-866-ombuds7 (866-662-8377).

 

6.7(d) Employees will not be retaliated against for reporting information in good faith and in accordance with this Code. Putnam will not terminate employment, demote, transfer to an undesirable assignment, or otherwise discriminate against or harass an employee for calling attention to suspected unethical or illegal acts. It is a violation of this Code to intimidate or impose any other form of retaliation on an employee who reports any actual or suspected illegal or unethical conduct. Putnam takes claims of retaliation very seriously and will promptly investigate allegations of retaliation, subjecting anyone found responsible for retaliating against an employee who reported unethical or

 
 

illegal conduct to disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment. However, an employee who knowingly makes a false report may be subject to discipline.

Section 7 — Material, Non-Public Information and Insider Trading

7.1. Material, Non-Public Information and Insider Trading

Antifraud provisions of the U.S. securities laws as well as the laws of other countries generally prohibit persons who possess material, non-public information from trading on or communicating that information to others. Putnam’s policies, including the Insider Trading Policy that is disclosed along with other compliance policies on the Chief Compliance Officer’s Intranet page, call for strict compliance with such laws. Unlawful trading while in possession of material, non-public information is a very serious matter and can be a crime punishable by imprisonment. There is also significant monetary liability for an inside trader, which can include liability to private plaintiffs and/or the Securities and Exchange Commission, which can seek a court order requiring a violator to pay back profits, as well as penalties substantially greater than those profits. In certain cases, controlling persons of inside traders, including supervisors of inside traders or Putnam itself, can be liable for penalties.

Employees found to have conducted this activity will be immediately referred to the Code of Ethics Oversight Committee or Putnam’s Chief Executive Officer to determine the appropriate sanction, up to and including termination.

While employees in the Investment Division are most likely to come into contact with material, non-public information, the rules (and sanctions) in this area apply to all Putnam employees (see Section 7.2 for information on what to do if you believe you may have material, non-public information).

7.2. Reporting and Restrictions

Any employee who believes he or she is (or may be) in possession of material, non-public information must immediately contact Putnam’s Chief Compliance Officer or an attorney in Putnam’s Legal Department, and provide details on the information received and the source. The employee must also take precautions to maintain the confidentiality of the infor- mation in question, and not share this information with anyone outside of Putnam’s Legal and Compliance Division. This provision does not, however, prevent any employee who suspects possible violations of law or regulation from providing such information to Putnam’s Controller, Chief Compliance Officer, or Code of Ethics Officer through the Ombudsman or hotlines or through Putnam’s Human Resources department as described in Section 6.6 or to any governmental agency or entity, or self-regulatory authority, including but not limited to the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or from making other disclosures that are protected under the whistleblower provisions of state or federal law or regulation.

After reviewing the facts and circumstances, Putnam’s Chief Compliance Officer or Putnam’s Legal Department will make a determination as to whether possession of the information warrants restricting trading activity in the issuer’s securities for client accounts as well as personal securities transactions for employees or whether other steps are appropriate, such as the establishment of an information barrier or other trading restrictions.

7.3. Special Provisions Applicable to Putnam Affiliates

Any employee wishing to place a trade in the securities of Great-West Lifeco Inc., Power Financial Corporation, Power Corporation of Canada, or IGM Financial Inc. must contact the Code of Ethics Officer or the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer to request manual approval of the pre-clearance request. An employee requesting such approval must certify that he or she is not in possession of any material, non-public information regarding the company in which he or she is seeking to place a trade. The decision whether or not to grant the pre-clearance request is in the sole discretion of the

 
 

Code of Ethics Officer and the Deputy Code of Ethics Officer. The Code of Ethics Officer and Deputy Code of Ethics Officer will reject any such request for pre-clearance made by (i) directors of a Putnam-branded subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC; and (ii) persons who hold the office of chief executive officer, chief operating officer, chief financial officer, president, vice-president, secretary, assistant secretary, treasurer, or assistant treasurer of Putnam or its Putnam-branded subsidiaries, and any other person who performs functions similar to those normally performed by a person holding such office (as determined by the Legal and Compliance Department) during the period beginning five weeks before and ending two full trading days after the issue of a press release announcing quarterly or annual financial results of Great-West Lifeco Inc.

7.4. Putnam Equity Plan, TH Lee Funds, and Putnam Hedge Funds

Great-West Lifeco Inc. stock shares owned by Putnam Investments, LLC Equity Incentive Plan (or any successor plan) shareholders are administered by the Putnam HR department; therefore, holdings of such shares do not need to be reported under this Code. In addition, the exercise of rights under the Putnam Investment, LLC Equity Incentive Plan to acquire Great-West Lifeco Inc. stock and the sale of such stock during specified window periods does not need to be pre-cleared under this Code, and such transaction does not need to be reported on the quarterly transaction report for Access Persons. However, if an employee holds Great-West Lifeco Inc. stock shares outside of the Putnam Investments, LLC Equity Incentive Plan (for example, in a brokerage account), such brokerage account and the holding must be reported under this Code.

Investments in Putnam hedge funds and in certain TH Lee private funds by employees are administered by the Putnam HR department. Therefore, employees do not need to pre-clear or report such funds under this Code.

7.5. PIL Employees

For PIL employees, certain topics are covered by the Market Abuse rules of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority. PIL employees receive information on this topic in their annual instructor-led code of ethics and compliance training.

Section 8 — Sanctions

The Code of Ethics Oversight Committee reviews violations of the Code by employees and approves sanctions that it believes fit the circumstances. These sanctions include written warnings, trading bans, suspension or termination of employment and disgorgement of profits (or payment of losses avoided) from impermissible trading. Sanctions will apply even if the exception results from inadvertence rather than intentional behaviors, although the Committee’s belief that an employee has violated the Code of Ethics intentionally may result in more severe sanctions. Sanctions for subsequent violations (based on a rolling three-year measurement period) may be more severe than for an employee’s initial violation. Sanctions are communicated to the employee and the employee’s manager. All violations concerning the use of material, non-public information, failure to report inside information, or insider trading will be presented to the Code of Ethics Oversight Committee to determine the appropriate sanction, up to and including termination. Severe criminal penalties may also be imposed.

 
 

Section 9 — Procedures for Determinations and Exemptions

No perceived ambiguity in the Code of Ethics shall excuse any violation. Any employee who has a question concerning the applicability of the Code or believes the Code to be ambiguous in a particular situation should request a determination from the Code of Ethics Officer in advance of the conduct. Employees may also request an exemption from the Code of Ethics if they do so in advance of the conduct or transaction sought to be exempted.

Any employee seeking a determination or exemption shall provide the Code of Ethics Officer with such information as the Code of Ethics Officer deems necessary to render the determination or make a decision on the exemption.

 

 

 
 

Appendix

[GRAPHIC OMITTED: CFA INSTITUTE LOGO]

CODE OF ETHICS AND STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

PREAMBLE

The CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct are fundamental to the values of CFA Institute and essential to achieving its mission to lead the investment profession globally by promoting the highest standards of ethics, education, and professional excellence for the ultimate benefit of society. High ethical standards are critical to maintaining the public’s trust in financial markets and in the investment profession. Since their creation in the 1960s, the Code and Standards have promoted the integrity of CFA Institute members and served as a model for measuring the ethics of investment professionals globally, regardless of job function, cultural differences, or local laws and regulations. All CFA Institute members (including holders of the Chartered Financial Analyst® [CFA®] designation) and CFA candidates must abide by the Code and Standards and are encouraged to notify their employer of this responsibility. Violations may result in disciplinary sanctions by CFA Institute. Sanctions can include revocation of membership, revocation of candidacy in the CFA Program, and revocation of the right to use the CFA designation.

THE CODE OF ETHICS

Members of CFA Institute (including CFA charterholders) and candidates for the CFA designation (“Members and Candidates”) must:

• Act with integrity, competence, diligence, respect and in an ethical manner with the public, clients, prospective clients, employers, employees, colleagues in the investment profession, and other participants in the global capital markets.

• Place the integrity of the investment profession and the interests of clients above their own personal interests.

• Use reasonable care and exercise independent professional judgment when conducting investment analysis, making investment recommendations, taking investment actions, and engaging in other professional activities.

• Practice and encourage others to practice in a professional and ethical manner that will reflect credit on themselves and the profession.

• Promote the integrity and viability of the global capital markets for the ultimate benefit of society.

• Maintain and improve their professional competence and strive to maintain and improve the competence of other investment professionals.

STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

I. PROFESSIONALISM

A. Knowledge of the Law. Members and Candidates must under-stand and comply with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations (including the CFA Institute Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct) of any government, regulatory organization, licensing agency, or professional association governing their professional activities. In the event of conflict, Members and Candidates must comply with the more strict law, rule, or regulation. Members and Candidates must not knowingly participate or assist in and must dissociate from any violation of such laws, rules, or regulations.

B. Independence and Objectivity. Members and Candidates must use reasonable care and judgment to achieve and maintain independence and objectivity in their professional activities. Members and Candidates must not offer, solicit, or accept any gift, benefit, compensation, or consideration that reasonably could be expected to compromise their own or another’s independence and objectivity.

C. Misrepresentation. Members and Candidates must not knowingly make any misrepresentations relating to investment analysis, recommendations, actions, or other professional activities.

D. Misconduct. Members and Candidates must not engage in any professional conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, or deceit or commit any act that reflects adversely on their professional reputation, integrity, or competence.

II. INTEGRITY OF CAPITAL MARKETS

A. Material Nonpublic Information. Members and Candidates who possess material nonpublic information that could affect the value of an investment must not act or cause others to act on the information.

B. Market Manipulation. Members and Candidates must not engage in practices that distort prices or artificially inflate trading volume with the intent to mislead market participants.

 
 

III. DUTIES TO CLIENTS

A. Loyalty, Prudence, and Care. Members and Candidates have a duty of loyalty to their clients and must act with reasonable care and exercise prudent judgment. Members and Candidates must act for the benefit of their clients and place their clients’ interests before their employer’s or their own interests.

B. Fair Dealing. Members and Candidates must deal fairly and objectively with all clients when providing investment analysis, making investment recommendations, taking investment action, or engaging in other professional activities.

C. Suitability.

1. When Members and Candidates are in an advisory relationship with a client, they must:

a. Make a reasonable inquiry into a client’s or prospective client’s investment experience, risk and return objectives, and financial constraints prior to making any investment recommendation or taking investment action and must reassess and update this information regularly.

b. Determine that an investment is suitable to the client’s financial situation and consistent with the client’s written objectives, mandates, and constraints before making an investment recommendation or taking investment action.

c. Judge the suitability of investments in the context of the client’s total portfolio.

2. When Members and Candidates are responsible for managing a portfolio to a specific mandate, strategy, or style, they must make only investment recommendations or take only investment actions that are consistent with the stated objectives and constraints of the portfolio.

D. Performance Presentation. When communicating investment performance information, Members and Candidates must make reasonable efforts to ensure that it is fair, accurate, and complete.

E. Preservation of Confidentiality. Members and Candidates must keep information about current, former, and prospective clients confidential unless:

1. The information concerns illegal activities on the part of the client or prospective client,

2. Disclosure is required by law, or

3. The client or prospective client permits disclosure of the information.

IV. DUTIES TO EMPLOYERS

A. Loyalty. In matters related to their employment, Members and Candidates must act for the benefit of their employer and not deprive their employer of the advantage of their skills and abilities, divulge confidential information, or otherwise cause harm to their employer.

B. Additional Compensation Arrangements. Members and Candidates must not accept gifts, benefits, compensation, or consideration that competes with or might reasonably be expected to create a conflict of interest with their employer’s interest unless they obtain written consent from all parties involved.

C. Responsibilities of Supervisors. Members and Candidates must make reasonable efforts to ensure that anyone subject to their supervision or authority complies with applicable laws, rules, regulations, and the Code and Standards.

V. INVESTMENT ANALYSIS, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND ACTIONS

A. Diligence and Reasonable Basis. Members and Candidates must:

1. Exercise diligence, independence, and thoroughness in analyzing investments, making investment recommendations, and taking investment actions.

2. Have a reasonable and adequate basis, supported by appropriate research and investigation, for any investment analysis, recommendation, or action.

B. Communication with Clients and Prospective Clients. Members and Candidates must:

1. Disclose to clients and prospective clients the basic format and general principles of the investment processes they use to analyze investments, select securities, and construct port-folios and must promptly disclose any changes that might materially affect those processes.

2. Disclose to clients and prospective clients significant limitations and risks associated with the investment process.

3. Use reasonable judgment in identifying which factors are important to their investment analyses, recommendations, or actions and include those factors in communications with clients and prospective clients.

4. Distinguish between fact and opinion in the presentation of investment analysis and recommendations.

C. Record Retention. Members and Candidates must develop and maintain appropriate records to support their investment analyses, recommendations, actions, and other investment-related communications with clients and prospective clients.

 
 

VI. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

A. Disclosure of Conflicts. Members and Candidates must make full and fair disclosure of all matters that could reasonably be expected to impair their independence and objectivity or interfere with respective duties to their clients, prospective clients, and employer. Members and Candidates must ensure that such disclosures are prominent, are delivered in plain language, and communicate the relevant information effectively.

B. Priority of Transactions. Investment transactions for clients and employers must have priority over investment transactions in which a Member or Candidate is the beneficial owner.

C. Referral Fees. Members and Candidates must disclose to their employer, clients, and prospective clients, as appropriate, any compensation, consideration, or benefit received from or paid to others for the recommendation of products or services.

VII. RESPONSIBILITIES AS A CFA INSTITUTE MEMBER OR CFA CANDIDATE

A. Conduct as Participants in CFA Institute Programs. Members and Candidates must not engage in any conduct that compromises the reputation or integrity of CFA Institute or the CFA designation or the integrity, validity, or security of the CFA Institute programs.

B. Reference to CFA Institute, the CFA Designation, and the CFA Program. When referring to CFA Institute, CFA Institute membership, the CFA designation, or candidacy in the CFA Program, Members and Candidates must not misrepresent or exaggerate the meaning or implications of membership in CFA Institute, holding the CFA designation, or candidacy in the CFA program.

[GRAPHIC OMITTED: CFA INSTITUTE LOGO]

www.cfainstitute.org

Putnam Investments | 100 Federal Street | Boston, MA02110 | putnam.com  HR104 318763 10/19 

 


THE PUTNAM FUNDS

Code of Ethics

Each of The Putnam Funds (the “Funds”) has determined to adopt this Code of Ethics with respect to certain activities by officers and Trustees of the Funds which might be deemed to create possible conflicts of interest and to establish reporting requirements and enforcement procedures with respect to such activities.

I.Rules Applicable to Officers and Trustees Affiliated with Putnam Investments Trust or Its Subsidiaries
A.Incorporation of Adviser’s Code of Ethics. The provisions of the Code of Ethics for employees of Putnam Investments Trust and its subsidiaries (the “Putnam Investments Code of Ethics”), which is attached as Appendix A hereto, are hereby incorporated herein as the Funds’ Code of Ethics applicable to officers and Trustees of the Funds who are employees of the Funds or officers, directors or employees of Putnam Investments Trust or its subsidiaries. A violation of the Putnam Investments’ Code of Ethics shall constitute a violation of the Funds’ Code.
B.Reports. Officers and Trustees of each of the Funds who are made subject to the Putnam Investments’ Code of Ethics pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall file the reports required by the Putnam Investments’ Code of Ethics with the Code of Ethics Officer designated therein. A report filed with the Code of Ethics Officer shall be deemed to be filed with each of the Funds of which the reporting individual is an officer or Trustee.
C.Review and Reporting.
(1)The Code of Ethics Officer shall cause the reported personal securities transactions to be compared with completed and contemplated portfolio transactions of each of the Funds to determine whether a violation of this Code may have occurred. Before making any determination that a violation has been committed by any person, the Code of Ethics Officer shall give such person an opportunity to supply additional explanatory material.
(2)If the Code of Ethics Officer determines that a violation of any provision of this Code has or may have occurred, he shall submit his written determination, together with any additional explanatory material, to the Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee of the Funds at its next meeting when Code of Ethics matters are discussed.
D.Sanctions. In addition to reporting violations of this Code to the Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee of the Funds as provided in Section I-C(2), the Code of Ethics Officer shall also report to such Committee any sanctions imposed with respect to such violations.
 
 
II.Rules Applicable to Unaffiliated Trustees
A.Definitions.
(1)“Beneficial ownership” shall be interpreted in the same manner as it would be in determining whether a person is subject to the provisions of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules and regulations thereunder.
(2)“Control” means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, unless such power is solely the result of an official position with such company.
(3)“Covered Person” means an affiliated person of the Fund, who is not made subject to the Putnam Investments Code of Ethics pursuant to Part I hereof.
(4)“Interested Trustee” means a Trustee of a Fund who is an “interested person” of the Fund within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).
(5)“Purchase or sale of a security” includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a security.
(6)“Security” shall have the same meaning as that set forth in Section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act (in effect, all securities) except that it shall not include securities issued by the Government of the United States or an agency thereof, bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high-quality short-term debt investments, including repurchase agreements, and shares of registered open-end investment companies, but shall include any security convertible into or exchangeable for a security.
(7)“Security Held or to be Acquired by a Fund” means: (i) any security, as defined herein, which, within the most recent 15 days: (A) is or has been held by the Fund, or (B) is being or has been considered by the Fund or Putnam Investments for purchase by the Fund, and (ii) any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, a security described in (i) above.
(8)“Unaffiliated Trustee” means a Trustee who is not made subject to the Putnam Investments Code of Ethics pursuant to Part I hereof.
B.Prohibited Actions. No Covered Person, in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, by such Covered Person of a security held or to be acquired by the Fund, shall:
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(1)Employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud the Fund;
(2)Make any untrue statement of a material fact to the Fund or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to the Fund, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;
(3)Engage in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on the Fund; or
(4)Engage in any manipulative practice with respect to the Fund.
C.Reporting.
(1)Every Unaffiliated Trustee of a Fund shall file with the Funds’ Compliance Liaison a report containing the information described in Section II-C(2) of this Code with respect to purchases or sales of any security in which such Unaffiliated Trustee has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership, if such Trustee, at the time of that transaction, knew or, in the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her official duties as a Trustee of the Fund, should have known that, during the 15-day period immediately preceding or after the date of the transaction by the Trustee:
(a)such security was or is to be purchased or sold by the Fund or
(b)such security was or is being considered for purchase or sale by the Fund;

provided, however, that an Unaffiliated Trustee shall not be required to make a report with respect to transactions effected for any account over which such person does not have any direct or indirect influence or control.

(2)Every report shall be made not later than 10 days after the end of the calendar quarter in which the transaction to which the report relates was effected, and shall contain the following information:
(a)The date of the transaction, the title, the number of shares, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable) and the principal amount of each security involved;
(b)The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);
(c)The price at which the transaction was effected;
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(d)The name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected; and
(e)The date that the report is submitted by each Unaffiliated Trustee.
(3)Any such report may contain a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making such report that he has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the security to which the report relates.
(4)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, an Unaffiliated Trustee who is an “interested person” of the Funds shall file the reports required by Rule 17j-1(d)(1) under the Investment Company Act with the Code of Ethics Officer of Putnam Investments. Such reports shall be reviewed by such Officer as provided in Section I-C(1) and any related violations shall be reported by him to the Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee as provided in Section I-C(2).
D.Review and Reporting.
(1)The Compliance Liaison of the Funds, in consultation with the Code of Ethics Officer of Putnam Investments, shall cause the reported personal securities transactions that he receives pursuant to Section II-C(1) to be compared with completed and contemplated portfolio transactions of the Funds to determine whether any prohibited action listed in Section II-B may have occurred.
(2)Before making any determination that a violation of this Code has occurred, the Compliance Liaison shall give the person involved an opportunity to supply additional information regarding the transaction in question.
E.Sanctions. If the Compliance Liaison determines that a violation of this Code has occurred, he shall so advise the Funds’ Audit, Compliance and Risk Committee, and provide the Committee with a report of the matter, including any additional information supplied by such person. The Committee may impose such sanctions as it deems appropriate.
III.Miscellaneous
A.Amendments to the Putnam Investments’ Code of Ethics. Any amendment to the Putnam Investments’ Code of Ethics shall be deemed an amendment to Section 1-A of this Code effective 30 days after written notice of such amendment shall have been received by the Chair of the Funds, unless the Trustees of the Funds expressly determine that such amendment shall become effective at an earlier or later date or shall not be adopted.
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B.Records. The Funds shall maintain records in the manner and to the extent set forth below, which records may be maintained on microfilm under the conditions described in Rule 31a-2(f)(1) under the Investment Company Act and shall be available for examination by representatives of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(1)A copy of this Code and any other code which is, or at any time within the past five years has been, in effect shall be preserved in an easily accessible place;
(2)A record of any violation of this Code and of any action taken as a result of such violation shall be preserved in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years following the end of the fiscal year in which the violation occurs;
(3)A copy of each report made by an officer or Trustee pursuant to this Code shall be preserved for a period of not less than five years from the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two years in an easily accessible place;
(4)A list of all persons who are, or within the past five years have been, required to make reports pursuant to this Code shall be maintained in an easily accessible place; and
(5)To the extent any record required to be kept by this section is also required to be kept by Putnam Investments pursuant to the Putnam Investments’ Code of Ethics, Putnam Investments shall maintain such record on behalf of the Funds as well.
C.Confidentiality. All reports of securities transactions and any other information filed with any Fund pursuant to this Code shall be treated as confidential, but are subject to review as provided herein and by personnel of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
D.Interpretation of Provisions. The Trustees may from time to time adopt such interpretations of this Code as they deem appropriate.
E.Delegation by Chair. The Chair of the Funds may from time to time delegate any or all of his or her responsibilities under this Code, either generally or as to specific instances, to such officer or Trustee of the Funds as he or she may designate.

 

As revised June 25, 2021.

 

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