As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2021

Registration No. 333-[_]

 

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

 

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

 

 

FORM SF-3

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

 

MORGAN STANLEY CAPITAL I INC. 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

13-3291626

(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

 

Commission File Number of depositor: 333-[__]

Central Index Key Number of depositor: 0001547361

 

MORGAN STANLEY CAPITAL I INC.

(Exact name of depositor as specified in its charter)

 

Central Index Key Number of sponsor: 0001541557

 

MORGAN STANLEY MORTGAGE CAPITAL HOLDINGS LLC

(Exact name of sponsor as specified in its charter)

 

1585 Broadway

New York, New York 10036

(212) 761-4000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

Jane Lam, President

Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc.

1585 Broadway

New York, New York 10036

(212) 761-4000 

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

With copies to:

Amy Kim, Esq. Kevin C. Blauch, Esq.
Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc. Sidley Austin LLP
1221 Avenue of the Americas 787 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10020 New York, New York 10019

 

 

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time on or after the effective date of this registration statement.

 

 

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form SF-3 are to be offered pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, please check the following box. ☒

If this Form SF-3 is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form SF-3 is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

 

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

Title of Each Class of
Securities

to be Registered

Amount to be
Registered
Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
Per Unit
Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price
Amount of
Registration
Fee(1)
Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates (2) (2) (2) (2)
           
(1)Calculated in accordance with Rule 457(s) of the Securities Act of 1933.

 

(2)An unspecified amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered at unspecified prices. The registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees for such additional securities in accordance with Rules 456(c) and 457(s) under the Securities Act.

 

The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

This preliminary prospectus, dated [_______], 20[__], may be amended or completed prior to time of sale.

 

[CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

Title of Each Class of
Securities to be Registered

Amount to be
Registered

Maximum
Offering Price
Per Unit

Maximum Aggregate Offering Price

Amount of
Registration Fee(1)

  $[________] [___]% $[________] $[________]
  $[________] [___]% $[________] $[________]
  $[________] [___]% $[________] $[________]

 

 

(1)Calculated in accordance with Rule 457(s) under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

[NOTE: ONLY CLASSES THAT ARE NOT UTILIZING REGISTRATION FEES PAID IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRIOR REGISTRATION STATEMENT (AND THEREFORE REQUIRE A CURRENT PAYMENT OF A REGISTRATION FEE) WILL BE LISTED ON THE ABOVE TABLE]

 

PROSPECTUS

$[DEAL SIZE] (Approximate)

 

[NAME OF ISSUING ENTITY AND CIK NUMBER]
Issuing Entity

 

Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc.
(Central Index Key Number 0001547361)
Depositor

 

Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC
(Central Index Key Number 0001541557)

 

[NAMES OF OTHER SPONSORS/LOAN SELLERS AND CIK NUMBERS]
Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series [SERIES DESIGNATION]

 

Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc. is offering certain classes of the Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, [SERIES DESIGNATION] consisting of the certificate classes identified in the table below. The certificates being offered by this prospectus and the [IDENTIFY NON-OFFERED CLASSES] certificates represent the ownership interests in the issuing entity, which will be a New York common law trust named [NAME OF ISSUING ENTITY]. The assets of the issuing entity will primarily consist of a pool of fixed rate commercial mortgage loans and [one] separate trust subordinate companion loan interest in a commercial mortgage loan, which are generally the [sole] source of payments on the certificates. Credit enhancement will be provided [solely] by certain classes of subordinate certificates that will be subordinate to certain classes of senior certificates as described under “Description of the Certificates—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses”. [IDENTIFY OTHER CREDIT ENHANCEMENT, IF APPLICABLE] [INCLUDE INFORMATION REQUIRED BY ITEM 1102(h) OF REGULATION AB] Each class of certificates will be entitled to receive monthly distributions of interest and/or principal on the [__] business day following the [__] day of each month (or if the [__] is not a business day, the next business day), commencing in [IDENTIFY FIRST DISTRIBUTION MONTH/YEAR]. The rated final distribution date for the certificates is [IDENTIFY RATED FINAL DISTRIBUTION DATE].

 


Class

Initial Class
Certificate
Balance or
Notional Amount(1)

Initial
Approx.
Pass-Through
Rate

Pass-Through
Rate
Description

Assumed
Final
Distribution
Date(3)

[Offering Price] 

           
           
           
           
           
           

 

(Footnotes on table on pages 3 and 4)

 

You should carefully consider the summary of risk factors and the risk factors beginning on page [__] and [__], respectively, of this prospectus.

 

Neither the certificates nor the mortgage loans are insured or guaranteed by any governmental agency, instrumentality or private issuer or any other person or entity.

 

The certificates will represent interests in the issuing entity only. They will not represent interests in or obligations of the sponsors, depositor, any of their affiliates or any other entity.

 

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission and state regulators have not approved or disapproved of the offered certificates or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc. will not list the offered certificates on any securities exchange or on any automated quotation system of any securities association.

 

The underwriters, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, [NAMES OF OTHER UNDERWRITERS], will purchase the offered certificates from Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc. and will offer them to the public at negotiated prices, plus, in certain cases, accrued interest, determined at the time of sale. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, and [NAME OF CO-LEAD MANAGING UNDERWRITER] are acting as co-lead managers and joint bookrunners in the following manner: Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC is acting as sole bookrunning manager with respect to approximately [__]% of each class of offered certificates and [______] is acting as sole bookrunning manager with respect to approximately [__]% of each class of offered certificates. [______] is acting as a co-manager and as sole bookrunning manager with respect to approximately [__]% of each class of offered certificates.

 

The underwriters expect to deliver the offered certificates to purchasers in book-entry form only through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company in the United States and Clearstream Banking, Luxembourg and Euroclear Bank,

 

 

as operator of the Euroclear System, in Europe, against payment in New York, New York on or about [EXPECTED CLOSING DATE].

 

We expect to receive from this offering approximately [___]% of the initial aggregate principal balance of the offered certificates[, plus accrued interest from [START DATE FOR FIRST INTEREST ACCRUAL PERIOD]], before deducting expenses payable by us.

 

Morgan Stanley [____]
Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner

[________]
Co-Manager

 

[DATE OF PROSPECTUS]

 

 

[Inside Front Cover]

[Map Page]

 

 

Summary of Certificates

 

[SPECIFIC CLASSES AND RELATED FOOTNOTES WILL BE SET FORTH IN THE PROSPECTUS]

 

Class

Initial Class Certificate Balance or Notional Amount(1)

Approx. Initial Credit Support(2)

Pass-Through Rate Description

Assumed
Final
Distribution
Date(3)

Initial Approx. Pass-Through Rate

Weighted Average
Life (Yrs.)(4)

Expected Principal Window (Months)(4)

Offered Certificates              

[LIST SPECIFIC OFFERED CLASSES ADD APPROPRIATE FOOTNOTES DESCRIBED BELOW]

 

             

Non-Offered Certificates

 

[LIST SPECIFIC NON-OFFERED CLASSES ADD APPROPRIATE FOOTNOTES DESCRIBED BELOW]

 

[Non-Offered Eligible Vertical Interest

 

VRR Interest][INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST THAT IS A “SINGLE VERTICAL SECURITY”]

             

 

 

(1)Approximate, subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus [5]%[ or, in the case of the Class [_], Class [_] and Class [_] certificates, such greater percentages as are contemplate by footnote (17) below].

 

(2)The approximate initial credit support percentages set forth for the certificates are approximate and, for the [IDENTIFY APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, are represented in the aggregate. [The [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will only provide subordination with respect to losses and shortfalls on the [NAME OF LOAN] mortgage loan.] The approximate initial credit support percentages for each class of certificates presented in the table do not include the related subordinate interest of the trust subordinate companion loan. [The VRR Interest provides credit support only to the limited extent that it is allocated a portion of any losses incurred on the underlying mortgage loans, which such losses are allocated between it, on the one hand, and the non-vertically retained certificates, on the other hand, pro rata, in accordance with their respective percentage allocation entitlements. See “Credit Risk Retention”.]

 

(3)The assumed final distribution dates set forth in this prospectus have been determined on the basis of the assumptions described in “Description of the Certificates—Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date”.

 

(4)The weighted average life and period during which distributions of principal would be received as set forth in the foregoing table with respect to each class of certificates having a principal balance are based on the assumptions set forth under “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Weighted Average Life” and on the assumptions that there are no prepayments, modifications or losses in respect of the mortgage loans and that there are no extensions or forbearances of maturity dates [or anticipated repayment dates] of the mortgage loans.

 

(5)[The exact initial certificate balances of the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates are unknown and will be determined based on the final pricing of those classes of certificates. However, the initial certificate balances, weighted average lives and principal windows of the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates are expected to be within the applicable ranges reflected in the following chart. The aggregate initial certificate balance of the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates is expected to be approximately $[_], subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%.]

 

Class of
Certificates
Expected Range of Initial
Certificate Balance
Expected Range of
Assumed Final
Distribution Dates
Expected
Range of
Weighted
Average Life (Years)
Expected Range of Principal Window
(Months)
Class [_]        
Class [_]        

 

(6)The notional amount of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates will be equal to the aggregate of the certificate balances of the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates [and the Class [__] trust component]. The notional amount of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates will be equal to the certificate balance of the Class [__] certificates [and the Class [__] and Class [__] trust components]. The [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates will not be entitled to distributions of principal.

 

(7)

The pass-through rate for the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates for any distribution date will equal [the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a

4

 

 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months), over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates of the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates and the Class [__] trust component for that distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective certificate balances immediately prior to that distribution date. The pass-through rate for the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates for any distribution date will equal the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months for the related distribution date), over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates of the Class [__] certificates and the Class [__] and Class [__] trust components for that distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective certificate balances immediately prior to that distribution date. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Pass-Through Rates”.

 

(8)[Note: the deal-specific class designations for the exchangeable and exchange certificates, included for illustrative purposes only, are Class [A], Class [B], Class [C] and Class [EC]. the identity and number of exchangeable classes may vary.] The Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates may be exchanged for the Class [EC] certificates, and Class [EC] certificates may be exchanged for the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates.

 

(9)On the closing date, the issuing entity will issue the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components, which will have outstanding certificate balances on the closing date of $[_____], $[_____] and $[_____], respectively. The Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates will, at all times, represent undivided beneficial ownership interests in a grantor trust that will hold such trust components. Each class of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates will, at all times, represent a beneficial interest in a percentage of the outstanding certificate balance of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components. Following any exchange of Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates for Class [EC] certificates or any exchange of Class [EC] certificates for Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates, the percentage interest of the outstanding certificate balances of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components that is represented by the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates will be increased or decreased accordingly. The initial balance of each class of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates shown in the table above represents the maximum principal balance of such class without giving effect to any issuance of Class [EC] certificates. The initial certificate balance of the Class [EC] certificates shown in the table above is equal to the aggregate of the maximum initial certificate balance of Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates, representing the maximum certificate balance of the Class [EC] certificates that could be issued in an exchange. The principal balance of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates to be issued on the closing date will be reduced, in required proportions, by an amount equal to the principal balance of the Class [EC] certificates issued on the closing date.

 

(10)The initial subordination levels for the Class [A], Class [B] and Class [C] certificates and Class [EC] certificates are equal to the subordination level of the underlying Class [A], Class [B] and Class [C] trust component, which will have an initial outstanding balance on the closing date of $[_____]. Although the Class [EC] certificates are listed below the Class [__] and the Class [__] certificates in the chart, the Class [EC] certificates’ payment entitlements and subordination priority will be a result of the payment entitlements and subordination priority at each level of the related component classes of Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates. For purposes of determining the approximate initial credit support for Class [EC] certificates, the calculation is based on the aggregate initial class certificate balance of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates as if they were a single class.

 

(11)[The Class [EC] certificates will not have a pass-through rate, but will be entitled to receive the sum of the interest distributable on the percentage interests of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components represented by the Class [EC] certificates. The pass-through rates on the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components will at all times be the same as the pass-through rates of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates.]

 

(12)[The pass-through rate of the Class [__] certificates on each distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the lesser of (i) the pass-through rate for such class specified in the table above and (ii) the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case, adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) as of their respective due dates in the month preceding the month in which the related distribution date occurs. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Pass-Through Rates”.]

 

(13)[The pass-through rate of the Class [__] certificates on each distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case, adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) as of their respective due dates in the month preceding the month in which the related distribution date occurs. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Pass-Through Rates”.]

 

(14)[The pass-through rate for the Class [__] certificates on each distribution date be a per annum rate equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) as of their respective due dates in the month preceding the month in which the related distribution date occurs minus [__]%. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Pass-Through Rates”.]

 

[#][Insert description of pass-through rates for other offered certificates.]

 

(15)The [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will only receive distributions from, and will only incur losses with respect to, the trust subordinate companion loan related to the [______] mortgage loan.

 

(16)For any distribution date, the pass-through rate on the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will be a fixed pass-through rate.

 

(17)[INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH AN ELIGIBLE HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST] [The initial certificate balance of each class of the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates and the initial notional amount of the Class [_] certificates are subject to change based on final pricing of all certificates and the final determination of the fair market value of the Class [_] certificates. The initial certificate balance of the Class [_] certificates, and accordingly, the initial notional amount of the Class [_] certificates, is expected to fall within a range of $[_] to $[_]. The initial certificate balance of the Class [_] certificates is expected to fall within a range of $[_] to $[_]. For more information regarding the methodology and key inputs and assumptions used to determine the sizing of the Class [_], see “Credit Risk Retention”.]

 

(18)The Class R and Class [ARD] certificates are not represented in the above table.

5

 

The [NON-OFFERED CLASSES] certificates are not offered by this prospectus. Any information in this prospectus concerning certificates other than the offered certificates is presented solely to enhance your understanding of the offered certificates.

6

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Summary of Certificates 4
Important Notice Regarding The Offered Certificates 14
Important Notice About Information Presented in This Prospectus 15
Summary of Terms 22
Summary of Risk Factors 53
Risk Factors 55
Special Risks 55
Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans 55
Mortgage Loans Are Non-Recourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed 55
Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally 55
Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases 57
[Retail Properties Have Special Risks 60
[Office Properties Have Special Risks 62
[Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks 63
[Hotel Properties Have Special Risks 65
[Risks Relating to Affiliation with a Franchise or Hotel Management Company 67
[Marina Properties Have Special Risks 67
[Self-Storage Properties Have Special Risks 68
[Industrial Properties Have Special Risks 69
[Manufactured Housing Community Properties Have Special Risks 70
[Mixed Use Properties Have Special Risks 71
[Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements 71
[Split Interest Structures 72
Operation of a Mortgaged Property Depends on the Property Manager’s Performance 73
Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses 73
[Risks Related to Loans Secured by Mortgaged Properties Located in Puerto Rico 74

 

Environmental Laws Entail Risks that May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates 75
[Enforcement of Environmental Laws in Canada 75
Certain Types of Operations Involved in the Use and Storage of Hazardous Materials May Lead to an Increased Risk of Issuing Entity Liability 76
Adverse Environmental Conditions at or Near Mortgaged Properties May Result in Losses 76
Risks Related to Redevelopment, Expansion and Renovation at Mortgaged Properties 77
Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses 78
Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions 80
Risks Relating to Inspections of Properties 81
Risks Relating to Costs of Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations 81
Insurance May Not Be Available or Adequate 81
Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties 82
Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance 83
Limited Information Causes Uncertainty 84
Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Failed Assumptions 84
The Mortgage Loans Have Not Been Reviewed or Re-Underwritten by Us 85
Static Pool Data Would Not Be Indicative of the Performance of this Pool 85
Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property 86
[Seasoned Mortgage Loans Present Additional Risk of Repayment 87
The Performance of a Mortgage Loan and Its Related Mortgaged  


7

 

Property Depends in Part on Who Controls the Borrower and Mortgaged Property

87
The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks 88
A Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans 89
Reserves to Fund Certain Necessary Expenditures Under the Mortgage Loans May Be Insufficient for the Purpose for Which They Were Established 90
Borrowers That Are Not Special Purpose Entities May Be More Likely to File Bankruptcy Petitions and This May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates 90
Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions 91
Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk 92
Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery 93
Risks Relating to Enforceability of Cross-Collateralization 93
Inadequacy of Title Insurers May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates 94
Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions 94
Risks Associated with One Action Rules 94
State Law Limitations on Assignments of Leases and Rents May Entail Risks 95
Various Other Laws Could Affect the Exercise of Lender’s Rights 95
[Risks of Anticipated Repayment Date Loans 95
Borrower May Be Unable To Repay Remaining Principal Balance on Maturity Date or Anticipated Repayment Date; Longer Amortization Schedules and Interest-Only Provisions Increase Risk 96
[Risks Related to Ground Leases and Other Leasehold Interests] 97
[Leased Fee Properties Have Special Risks] 98
Increases in Real Estate Taxes May Reduce Available Funds 99
Risks Relating to Tax Credits 99
State and Local Mortgage Recording Taxes May Apply Upon a Foreclosure or Deed in Lieu of Foreclosure and Reduce Net Proceeds 100
[Risks Relating to Shari’ah Compliant Loans] 100
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest 100
Interests and Incentives of the Originators, the Sponsors and Their Affiliates May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests 100
Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests 103
[The Servicing of Certain Mortgage Loans Will Shift to Other Servicers 104
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer 104
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Operating Advisor 106
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Asset Representations Reviewer 106
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Loan Holders 107
Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans 108
Conflicts of Interest May Occur as a Result of the Rights of the Applicable Directing Certificateholder To Terminate the Special Servicer of the Applicable Whole Loan 109
Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment 109
Other Risks Relating to the Certificates 109
The Certificates Are Limited Obligations 109
The Certificates May Have Limited Liquidity and the Market Value of the Certificates May Decline 110
Changes to Accounting Standards Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Offered Certificates 110
Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such  


8

 

Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded

111
Your Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors 112
Release of Collateral May Reduce the Yield on Your Certificates 116
There Are Risks Relating to the Exchangeable Certificates 116
Subordination of the Subordinated Certificates and Class [EC] Certificates Will Affect the Timing of Distributions and the Application of Losses on the Subordinated Certificates and Class [EC] Certificates 117
Reimbursement of Operating Advisor Expenses Could Reduce Payments on the Offered Certificates 117
[Pro Rata Allocation of Principal Between and Among the Subordinate Companion Loan and the Related Mortgage Loan Prior to a Material Mortgage Loan Event Default. 118
[Payments Allocated to the VRR Interest or the Non-Vertically Retained Certificates Will Not Be Available to the Non-Vertically Retained Certificates or the VRR Interest, Respectively 118
Your Lack of Control Over the Issuing Entity and the Mortgage Loans Can Impact Your Investment 118
Risks Relating to Modifications of the Mortgage Loans 123
Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan 124
Risks Relating to Interest on Advances and Special Servicing Compensation 124
Bankruptcy of a Servicer May Adversely Affect Collections on the Mortgage Loans and the Ability to Replace the Servicer 124
The Sponsors, the Depositor and the Issuing Entity Are Subject to Bankruptcy or Insolvency Laws That May Affect the Issuing  

 

Entity’s Ownership of the Mortgage Loans

125
The Requirement of the Special Servicer to Obtain FIRREA-Compliant Appraisals May Result in an Increased Cost to the Issuing Entity 126
Certain Federal Income Tax Considerations Regarding Original Issue Discount 126
Tax Matters and Changes in Tax Law May Adversely Impact the Mortgage Loans or Your Investment 126
Changes to REMIC Restrictions on Loan Modifications and REMIC Rules on Partial Releases May Impact an Investment in the Certificates 127
General Risk Factors 128
Combination or “Layering” of Multiple Risks May Significantly Increase Risk of Loss 128
The Certificates May Not Be a Suitable Investment for You 128
The Volatile Economy, Credit Crisis and Downturn in the Real Estate Market Adversely Affected the Value of CMBS and Similar Factors May in the Future Adversely Affect the Value of CMBS 129
Other Events May Affect the Value and Liquidity of Your Investment 129
Legal and Regulatory Provisions Affecting Investors Could Adversely Affect the Liquidity of the Offered Certificates 129
Description of the Mortgage Pool 134
General 134
Certain Calculations and Definitions 135
Definitions 136
Mortgage Pool Characteristics 147
Overview 147
Property Types 148
Significant Mortgage Loans and Significant Obligors 152
Mortgage Loan Concentrations 152
Cross-Collateralized Mortgage Loans; Multi-Property Mortgage Loans and Related Borrower Mortgage Loans 153
Geographic Concentrations 154
Mortgaged Properties With Limited Prior Operating History 155
Tenancies-in-Common 155


9

 

[Condominium Interests and Other Split Interests 155
Fee & Leasehold Estates; Ground Leases 155
Environmental Considerations 156
Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion 157
[Assessment of Property Value and Condition 158
Litigation and Other Considerations 158
Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings 158
Tenant Issues 158
Tenant Concentrations 158
Lease Expirations and Terminations 159
Purchase Options and Rights of First Refusal 161
[Credit Lease Loans] 161
Affiliated Leases 163
Insurance Considerations 163
Use Restrictions 164
Appraised Value 165
Non-Recourse Carveout Limitations 165
Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations 165
Delinquency Information 166
Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans 166
Amortization of Principal 166
Due Dates; Mortgage Rates; Calculations of Interest 166
ARD Loan 167
Single Purpose Entity Covenants 167
Prepayment Protections and Certain Involuntary Prepayments 168
“Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Provisions 169
Defeasance; Collateral Substitution 170
[Partial Releases] 171
Escrows 171
Mortgaged Property Accounts 171
[Delaware Statutory Trusts] 172
[Shari’ah Compliant Loan] 172
Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines 172
Additional Indebtedness 173
General 173
Whole Loans 173
Mezzanine Indebtedness 174
Preferred Equity 176
Other Secured Indebtedness 176
Other Unsecured Indebtedness 176
The Whole Loans 177
General 177
The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan 177
The Serviced AB Whole Loan 180

 

The Non-Serviced Whole Loan 186
Additional Information 188
Transaction Parties 189
The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators 189
[NAMES OF OTHER SPONSORS] 200
The Depositor 200
The Issuing Entity 201
The Trustee 202
The Certificate Administrator 203
The Master Servicer 203
The Non-Serviced Master Servicer 205
The Special Servicer 205
The Non-Serviced Special Servicer 206
[OTHER SERVICERS] 206
The Operating Advisor 206
The Asset Representations Reviewer 207
Credit Risk Retention 208
General 208
Determination of Amount of Required Credit Risk Retention 212
General 212
Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates: 213
Interest-Only Certificates: 216
Yield Priced Principal Balance Certificates: 218
Hedging, Transfer and Financing Restrictions 219
Operating Advisor 219
Representations and Warranties 220
[Qualifying CRE Loans 220
[VRR Interest 221
[EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement] 223
Description of the Certificates 226
General 226
Exchanges of Exchangeable Certificates 230
Exchanges 230
Procedures 231
Distributions 232
Method, Timing and Amount 232
Available Funds 232
Priority of Distributions 234
Pass-Through Rates 236
Interest Distribution Amount 237
Principal Distribution Amount 238
Certain Calculations with Respect to Individual Mortgage Loans 239
Excess Interest 240
Application Priority of Mortgage Loan Collections or Whole Loan Collections 240
Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums 243


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Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date 243
Prepayment Interest Shortfalls 244
Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses 245
Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information 247
Certificate Administrator Reports 247
Information Available Electronically 253
Voting Rights 257
Delivery, Form, Transfer and Denomination 258
Book-Entry Registration 258
Definitive Certificates 261
Certificateholder Communication 261
Access to Certificateholders’ Names and Addresses 261
Requests to Communicate 261
List of Certificateholders 262
Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements 262
General 262
Dispute Resolution Provision 270
Asset Review Obligations 270
Pooling and Servicing Agreement 270
General 270
Assignment of the Mortgage Loans 271
Servicing Standard 271
Subservicing 273
Advances 273
P&I Advances 273
Servicing Advances 274
Nonrecoverable Advances 275
Recovery of Advances 276
Accounts 277
Withdrawals from the Collection Account 280
Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses 282
General 282
Master Servicing Compensation 286
Special Servicing Compensation 288
Disclosable Special Servicer Fees 291
Certificate Administrator and Trustee Compensation 292
Operating Advisor Compensation 292
Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation 293
CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee 293
Appraisal Reduction Amounts 293
Maintenance of Insurance 299
Modifications, Waivers and Amendments 302
Enforcement of “Due-on-Sale” and “Due-on-Encumbrance” Provisions 303

 

Inspections; Collection of Operating Information 304
Collection of Operating Information 305
Special Servicing Transfer Event 305
Asset Status Report 307
Realization Upon Mortgage Loans 311
Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties 313
The Directing Certificateholder 315
General 315
Major Decisions 317
Asset Status Report 319
Replacement of Special Servicer 319
Control Termination Event and Consultation Termination Event[ and Operating Advisor Consultation Event] 319
Servicing Override 322
Rights of Holders of Companion Loans and Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder 323
Limitation on Liability of Directing Certificateholder 323
[The Risk Retention Consultation Party 324
The Operating Advisor 325
General 325
[Duties of Operating Advisor While No Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing 325
Duties of Operating Advisor While a Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing 326
Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer 328
[Duties of Operating Advisor at All Times 328
Additional Duties of Operating Advisor While an Operating Advisor Consultation Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing 330
Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer 331
Eligibility of Operating Advisor 331
Other Obligations of Operating Advisor 331
Delegation of Operating Advisor’s Duties 332
Termination of the Operating Advisor With Cause 333
Rights Upon Operating Advisor Termination Event 333
Waiver of Operating Advisor Termination Event 334
Termination of the Operating Advisor Without Cause 334
Resignation of the Operating Advisor 335


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Operating Advisor Compensation 335
The Asset Representations Reviewer 335
Asset Review 335
Eligibility of Asset Representations Reviewer 339
Other Obligations of Asset Representations Reviewer 340
Delegation of Asset Representations Reviewer’s Duties 340
Assignment of Asset Representations Reviewer’s Rights and Obligations 341
Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Events 341
Rights Upon Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event 342
Termination of the Asset Representations Reviewer Without Cause 342
Resignation of Asset Representations Reviewer 342
Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation 343
[Limitation on Liability of Risk Retention Consultation Party 343
Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause 343
Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause 347
Servicer Termination Events 347
Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event 349
Waiver of Servicer Termination Event 350
Resignation of the Master Servicer and Special Servicer 350
Limitation on Liability; Indemnification 351
Enforcement of Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA 353
Dispute Resolution Provisions 354
Certificateholder’s Rights When a Repurchase Request is Initially Delivered by a Certificateholder 354
Repurchase Request Delivered by a Party to the PSA 354
Resolution of a Repurchase Request 354
Mediation and Arbitration Provisions 357
Litigation Control 358
Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan 358
Rating Agency Confirmations 360
Evidence as to Compliance 362
Limitation on Rights of Certificateholders to Institute a Proceeding 363
Termination; Retirement of Certificates 364
Amendment 365

 

Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator 367
Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; and Consent to Jurisdiction 368
Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans 368
General 368
Types of Mortgage Instruments 368
Leases and Rents 369
Personalty 369
Foreclosure 369
General 369
Foreclosure Procedures Vary from State to State 369
Judicial Foreclosure 370
Equitable and Other Limitations on Enforceability of Certain Provisions 370
Nonjudicial Foreclosure/Power of Sale 370
Public Sale 371
Rights of Redemption 372
Anti-Deficiency Legislation 372
Leasehold Considerations 372
Cooperative Shares 373
Bankruptcy Laws 373
Environmental Considerations 379
General 379
Superlien Laws 379
CERCLA 379
Certain Other Federal and State Laws 380
Additional Considerations 381
Due-on-Sale and Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions 381
Subordinate Financing 381
Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments 381
Applicability of Usury Laws 382
Americans with Disabilities Act 382
Servicemembers Civil Relief Act 382
Anti-Money Laundering, Economic Sanctions and Bribery 383
Potential Forfeiture of Assets 383
Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties 383
Pending Legal Proceedings Involving Transaction Parties 384
Use of Proceeds 385
Yield and Maturity Considerations 385
Yield Considerations 385
General 385


12

 

Rate and Timing of Principal Payments 385
Losses and Shortfalls 386
Certain Relevant Factors Affecting Loan Payments and Defaults 387
Delay in Payment of Distributions 388
Yield on the Certificates with Notional Amounts 388
Weighted Average Life 389
Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity Tables 391
Material Federal Income Tax Considerations 393
General 393
Qualification as a REMIC 394
Status of Certificates 396
Taxation of Regular Interests 396
General 396
Original Issue Discount 397
[Deferred Interest 399
Acquisition Premium 399
Market Discount 399
Premium 400
Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method 400
Treatment of Losses 401
Spread Maintenance Payments 401
Sale or Exchange of Regular Interests 402
Taxation of the [ARD Class] Certificates 402
Taxation of Class [EC] and Exchangeable Certificates 402
3.8% Medicare Tax on “Net Investment Income” 404
Backup Withholding 404
Taxation of the Class R Certificates 404
Taxation of REMIC Income 405
Basis and Losses 405
Treatment of Certain Items of REMIC Income and Expense 406
Original Issue Discount 406
[Deferred Interest 406
Market Discount 406
Premium 406
Prohibited Transactions 407
Disallowed Deductions 407

 

Limitations on Deduction of Certain Expenses 407
Limitations on Offset or Exemption of REMIC Income 407
Tax Related Restrictions on Transfer of the Class R Certificates 408
Sale or Exchange of the Class R Certificates 411
Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC 412
Prohibited Transactions 412
Contributions to a REMIC After the Startup Day 412
Net Income from Foreclosure Property 413
Taxation of Certain Foreign Investors 413
Regular Interests 413
Class R Certificates 414
FATCA 414
Administrative Matters 414
Tax Matters Partner 414
REMIC Partnership Election 414
Tax Reporting Requirements for Residual Holders 415
Other Reporting Requirements 415
Foreign Financial Assets 416
Certain State and Local Tax Considerations 416
Method of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest) 417
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference 419
Where You Can Find More Information 420
Financial Information 420
Certain ERISA Considerations 420
General 420
Plan Asset Regulations 421
Administrative Exemptions 421
Insurance Company General Accounts 423
Unrelated Business Taxable Income; Residual Certificates 423
Legal Investment 424
Legal Matters 425
Ratings 425
Index of Defined Terms 427

 

ANNEX A-1 CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES
ANNEX A-2 MORTGAGE POOL INFORMATION (TABLES)
ANNEX A-3 SIGNIFICANT LOAN SUMMARIES
ANNEX B FORM OF REPORT TO CERTIFICATEHOLDERS
ANNEX C FORM OF OPERATING ADVISOR ANNUAL REPORT
ANNEX D-1 MORTGAGE LOAN REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
ANNEX D-2 EXCEPTIONS TO MORTGAGE LOAN REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
ANNEX E CLASS [A-SB] PLANNED PRINCIPAL BALANCE SCHEDULE

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Important Notice Regarding The Offered Certificates

 

WE HAVE FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION A REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, WITH RESPECT TO THE CERTIFICATES OFFERED IN THIS PROSPECTUS; HOWEVER, THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONTAIN ALL OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN OUR REGISTRATION STATEMENT. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION REGARDING THE DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN THIS PROSPECTUS, YOU SHOULD REFER TO OUR REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND THE EXHIBITS TO IT. OUR REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND THE EXHIBITS TO IT CAN BE OBTAINED ELECTRONICALLY THROUGH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION’S INTERNET WEBSITE (HTTP://WWW.SEC.GOV).

 

THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION WHERE SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES REFERRED TO IN THIS PROSPECTUS ARE OFFERED ON A “WHEN, AS AND IF ISSUED” BASIS. THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS PRELIMINARY AND MAY BE SUPPLEMENTED OR AMENDED PRIOR TO THE TIME OF SALE.

 

THE UNDERWRITERS DESCRIBED IN THESE MATERIALS MAY FROM TIME TO TIME PERFORM INVESTMENT BANKING SERVICES FOR, OR SOLICIT INVESTMENT BANKING BUSINESS FROM, ANY COMPANY NAMED IN THESE MATERIALS. THE UNDERWRITERS AND/OR THEIR RESPECTIVE EMPLOYEES MAY FROM TIME TO TIME HAVE A LONG OR SHORT POSITION IN ANY CONTRACT OR CERTIFICATE DISCUSSED IN THESE MATERIALS.

 

THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPERSEDES ANY PREVIOUS INFORMATION REGARDING THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES DELIVERED TO ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR AND MAY BE SUPERSEDED BY INFORMATION DELIVERED TO SUCH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR PRIOR TO THE TIME OF SALE.

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES DO NOT REPRESENT AN INTEREST IN OR OBLIGATION OF THE DEPOSITOR, THE SPONSORS, THE MORTGAGE LOAN SELLERS, THE MASTER SERVICER, THE SPECIAL SERVICER, THE TRUSTEE, THE OPERATING ADVISOR, THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER, THE CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR, THE DIRECTING CERTIFICATEHOLDER, [THE RISK RETENTION CONSULTATION PARTY,] THE UNDERWRITERS OR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE AFFILIATES. NEITHER THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES NOR THE MORTGAGE LOANS ARE INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY ANY GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY OR INSTRUMENTALITY OR PRIVATE INSURER.

 

THERE IS CURRENTLY NO SECONDARY MARKET FOR THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES. WE CANNOT ASSURE YOU THAT A SECONDARY MARKET WILL DEVELOP OR, IF A SECONDARY MARKET DOES DEVELOP, THAT IT WILL PROVIDE HOLDERS OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES WITH LIQUIDITY OF INVESTMENT OR THAT IT WILL CONTINUE FOR THE TERM OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES. THE UNDERWRITERS CURRENTLY INTEND TO MAKE A MARKET IN THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES BUT ARE UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO DO SO. ACCORDINGLY, PURCHASERS MUST BE PREPARED TO BEAR THE RISKS OF THEIR INVESTMENTS FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD. SEE “RISK FACTORS—Other Risks Relating to the CertificatesThe Certificates May Have Limited Liquidity and the Market Value of the Certificates May Decline” IN THIS PROSPECTUS.

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Important Notice About Information Presented in This Prospectus

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different from that contained in this prospectus. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus.

 

This prospectus begins with several introductory sections describing the certificates and the issuing entity in abbreviated form:

 

Summary of Certificates, which sets forth important statistical information relating to the certificates;

 

Summary of Terms, which gives a brief introduction of the key features of the certificates and a description of the mortgage loans; and

 

Summary of Risk Factors and Risk Factors, which describe risks that apply to the certificates.

 

This prospectus includes cross references to sections in this prospectus where you can find further related discussions. The table of contents in this prospectus identifies the pages where these sections are located.

 

Certain capitalized terms are defined and used in this prospectus to assist you in understanding the terms of the offered certificates and this offering. The capitalized terms used in this prospectus are defined on the pages indicated under the caption “Index of Defined Terms” in this prospectus.

 

All annexes and schedules attached to this prospectus are a part of this prospectus.

 

In this prospectus:

 

the terms “depositor”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc.

 

references to “lender” or “mortgage lender” with respect to a mortgage loan generally should be construed to mean, from and after the date of initial issuance of the offered certificates, the trustee on behalf of the issuing entity as the holder of record title to the mortgage loans or the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, with respect to the obligations and rights of the lender as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

Until ninety days after the date of this prospectus, all dealers that buy, sell or trade the offered certificates, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

 

This prospectus is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy these securities in any state or other jurisdiction where such offer, solicitation or sale is not permitted.

 

 

 

The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity will not be relying upon Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a basis for not registering under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act (both as defined in this prospectus).

 

 

15

 

[NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF CANADA

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY BE SOLD IN CANADA ONLY TO PURCHASERS PURCHASING, OR DEEMED TO BE PURCHASING, AS PRINCIPAL THAT ARE ACCREDITED INVESTORS, AS DEFINED IN NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 45-106 PROSPECTUS EXEMPTIONS OR SUBSECTION 73.3(1) OF THE SECURITIES ACT (ONTARIO), AND ARE PERMITTED CLIENTS, AS DEFINED IN NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 31-103 REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS, EXEMPTIONS AND ONGOING REGISTRANT OBLIGATIONS. ANY RESALE OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES MUST BE MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE PROSPECTUS REQUIREMENTS OF APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS.

 

SECURITIES LEGISLATION IN CERTAIN PROVINCES OR TERRITORIES OF CANADA MAY PROVIDE A PURCHASER WITH REMEDIES FOR RESCISSION OR DAMAGES IF THIS PROSPECTUS (INCLUDING ANY AMENDMENT THERETO) CONTAINS A MISREPRESENTATION, PROVIDED THAT THE REMEDIES FOR RESCISSION OR DAMAGES ARE EXERCISED BY THE PURCHASER WITHIN THE TIME LIMIT PRESCRIBED BY THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF THE PURCHASER’S PROVINCE OR TERRITORY. THE PURCHASER SHOULD REFER TO ANY APPLICABLE PROVISIONS OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF THE PURCHASER’S PROVINCE OR TERRITORY FOR PARTICULARS OF THESE RIGHTS OR CONSULT WITH A LEGAL ADVISOR.

 

PURSUANT TO SECTION 3A.3 OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 33-105 UNDERWRITING CONFLICTS (“NI 33-105”), THE UNDERWRITERS ARE NOT REQUIRED TO COMPLY WITH THE DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS OF NI 33-105 REGARDING UNDERWRITER CONFLICTS OF INTEREST IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING.

 

NOTICE TO INVESTORS IN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA

 

The OFFERED Certificates are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to any EEA Retail Investor in the European Economic Area (the “EEA”). For these purposes, an “EEA Retail Investor” means a person who is one (or more) of the following:

 

(i)       a retail client as defined in point (11) of Article 4(1) of Directive 2014/65/EU (as amended, “MiFID II”); or

 

(ii)       a customer within the meaning of Directive (EU) 2016/97, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II; or

 

(iii)       not a qualified investor as defined in Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (as amended, the “EU Prospectus Regulation”).

 

Consequently, no key information document required by Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 (as amended, the “EU PRIIPs Regulation”) for offering or selling the Certificates or otherwise making them available to EEA Retail Investors in the EEA has been prepared and therefore offering or selling the Certificates or otherwise making them available to any EEA Retail Investor in the EEA may be unlawful under the EEA PRIIPs Regulation.

 

MIFID II PRODUCT GOVERNANCE

 

ANY DISTRIBUTOR SUBJECT TO MIFID II THAT IS OFFERING, SELLING OR RECOMMENDING THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES IS RESPONSIBLE FOR UNDERTAKING ITS OWN TARGET MARKET ASSESSMENT IN RESPECT OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES AND DETERMINING ITS OWN DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE MIFID II PRODUCT GOVERNANCE RULES UNDER COMMISSION DELEGATED DIRECTIVE (EU) 2017/593 (AS AMENDED, THE

16

 

DELEGATED DIRECTIVE”). NEITHER THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE DEPOSITOR NOR ANY UNDERWRITER MAKES ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES AS TO A DISTRIBUTOR’S COMPLIANCE WITH THE DELEGATED DIRECTIVE.

 

NOTICE TO INVESTORS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

 

PROHIBITION ON SALES TO UK RETAIL INVESTORS

 

The Certificates are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to any UK Retail Investor in the United Kingdom (the “UK”). For these purposes, a “UK Retail Investor” means a person who is one (or more) of the following:

 

(i)       a retail client as defined in point (8) of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/565 as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (as amended, the “EUWA”); or

 

(ii)      a customer within the meaning of the provisions of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended, the “FSMA”) and any rules or regulations made under the FSMA to implement Directive (EU) 2016/97, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client, as defined in point (8) of Article 2(1) of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA; or

 

(iii)     not a qualified investor as defined in Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA.

 

Consequently, no key information document required by Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 as it forms part of (as amended, the “UK PRIIPs Regulation”) for offering or selling the Certificates or otherwise making them available to retail investors i has been prepared and therefore offering or selling the Certificates or otherwise making them available to any retail investor in the EEA or in the UK may be unlawful under the UK PRIIPs Regulation.

 

UK PRODUCT GOVERNANCE

 

Solely for the purposes of each manufacturer’s product approval process, the target market assessment in respect of the Certificates has led to the conclusion that: (i) the target market for the Certificates is only eligible counterparties, as defined in the FCA Handbook Conduct of Business Sourcebook, and professional clients, as defined in Regulation (EU) No 6000/2014 as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA; and (ii) all channels for distribution of the Certificates to eligible counterparties and professional clients are appropriate. Any person subsequently offering, selling or recommending the Certificates (a “distributor”) should take into consideration the manufacturers; target market assessment; however, a distributor subject to the FCA Handbook Product Intervention and Product Governance Sourcebook is responsible for undertaking its own target market assessment in respect of the Notes (by either adopting or refining the manufacturers’ target market assessment) and determining appropriate distribution channels.

 

FINANCIAL PROMOTION REGIME AND PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES REGIME

 

THE ISSUING ENTITY MAY CONSTITUTE A “COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEME” AS DEFINED BY SECTION 235 OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000 (AS

17

 

AMENDED, “FSMA”) THAT IS NOT A “RECOGNISED COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEME” FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE FSMA AND THAT HAS NOT BEEN AUTHORIZED, REGULATED OR OTHERWISE RECOGNIZED OR APPROVED. AS AN UNREGULATED SCHEME, THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES CANNOT BE MARKETED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC, EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FSMA.

 

THE COMMUNICATION OF THIS PROSPECTUS (A) IF MADE BY A PERSON WHO IS NOT AN AUTHORIZED PERSON UNDER THE FSMA, IS BEING MADE ONLY TO, OR DIRECTED ONLY AT, PERSONS WHO (I) ARE OUTSIDE THE UNITED KINGDOM, OR (II) HAVE PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE IN MATTERS RELATING TO INVESTMENTS AND QUALIFY AS INVESTMENT PROFESSIONALS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 19(5) OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000 (FINANCIAL PROMOTION) ORDER 2005 (AS AMENDED, THE “FINANCIAL PROMOTION ORDER”), OR (III) ARE PERSONS FALLING WITHIN ARTICLE 49(2)(A) THROUGH (D) (“HIGH NET WORTH COMPANIES”, “UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS”, ETC.) OF THE FINANCIAL PROMOTION ORDER, OR (IV) ARE PERSONS TO WHICH THIS PROSPECTUS MAY OTHERWISE LAWFULLY BE COMMUNICATED OR DIRECTED (ALL SUCH PERSONS TOGETHER BEING REFERRED TO AS “FPO PERSONS”); AND (B) IF MADE BY A PERSON WHO IS AN AUTHORIZED PERSON UNDER THE FSMA, IS BEING MADE ONLY TO, AND DIRECTED ONLY AT, PERSONS WHO (I) ARE OUTSIDE THE UNITED KINGDOM, OR (II) HAVE PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE OF PARTICIPATING IN UNREGULATED SCHEMES (AS DEFINED FOR PURPOSES OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000 (PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES) (EXEMPTIONS) ORDER 2001 (AS AMENDED, THE “PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES EXEMPTIONS ORDER”)) AND QUALIFY AS INVESTMENT PROFESSIONALS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 14(5) OF THE PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES EXEMPTIONS ORDER, OR (III) ARE PERSONS FALLING WITHIN ARTICLE 22(2)(A) THROUGH (D) (“HIGH NET WORTH COMPANIES, UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS, ETC.”) OF THE PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES EXEMPTIONS ORDER, OR (IV) ARE PERSONS TO WHOM THE ISSUING ENTITY MAY LAWFULLY BE PROMOTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH CHAPTER 4.12 OF THE UNITED KINGDOM FINANCIAL CONDUCT AUTHORITY’S CONDUCT OF BUSINESS SOURCEBOOK (ALL SUCH PERSONS TOGETHER WITH FPO PERSONS, “RELEVANT PERSONS”).

 

THIS PROSPECTUS MUST NOT BE ACTED ON OR RELIED ON BY PERSONS WHO ARE NOT RELEVANT PERSONS. ANY INVESTMENT OR INVESTMENT ACTIVITY TO WHICH THIS PROSPECTUS RELATES, INCLUDING THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES, IS AVAILABLE ONLY TO RELEVANT PERSONS AND WILL BE ENGAGED IN ONLY WITH RELEVANT PERSONS.

 

POTENTIAL INVESTORS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ARE ADVISED THAT ALL, OR MOST, OF THE PROTECTIONS AFFORDED BY THE UNITED KINGDOM REGULATORY SYSTEM WILL NOT APPLY TO AN INVESTMENT IN THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES AND THAT COMPENSATION WILL NOT BE AVAILABLE UNDER THE UNITED KINGDOM FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPENSATION SCHEME.

 

PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES WILL NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (EXCLUDING HONG KONG, MACAU AND TAIWAN, THE “PRC”) AS PART OF THE INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES BUT MAY BE AVAILABLE FOR PURCHASE BY INVESTORS RESIDENT IN THE PRC FROM OUTSIDE THE PRC.

 

THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY ANY SECURITIES IN THE PRC TO ANY PERSON TO WHOM IT IS UNLAWFUL TO MAKE THE OFFER OR SOLICITATION IN THE PRC.

 

THE DEPOSITOR DOES NOT REPRESENT THAT THIS PROSPECTUS MAY BE LAWFULLY DISTRIBUTED, OR THAT ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY BE LAWFULLY OFFERED, IN COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE REGISTRATION OR OTHER REQUIREMENTS IN THE PRC,

18

 

OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION AVAILABLE THEREUNDER, OR ASSUME ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR FACILITATING ANY SUCH DISTRIBUTION OR OFFERING. IN PARTICULAR, NO ACTION HAS BEEN TAKEN BY THE DEPOSITOR WHICH WOULD PERMIT AN OFFERING OF ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES OR THE DISTRIBUTION OF THIS PROSPECTUS IN THE PRC. ACCORDINGLY, THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES ARE NOT BEING OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE PRC BY MEANS OF THIS PROSPECTUS OR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT. NEITHER THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY ADVERTISEMENT OR OTHER OFFERING MATERIAL MAY BE DISTRIBUTED OR PUBLISHED IN THE PRC, EXCEPT UNDER CIRCUMSTANCES THAT WILL RESULT IN COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS.

 

HONG KONG

 

THIS PROSPECTUS HAS NOT BEEN DELIVERED FOR REGISTRATION TO THE REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES IN HONG KONG AND THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS HAVE NOT BEEN REVIEWED OR APPROVED BY ANY REGULATORY AUTHORITY IN HONG KONG. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE NOR INTEND TO BE AN OFFER OR INVITATION TO THE PUBLIC IN HONG KONG TO ACQUIRE THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES.

 

EACH UNDERWRITER HAS REPRESENTED, WARRANTED AND AGREED THAT: (1) IT HAS NOT OFFERED OR SOLD AND WILL NOT OFFER OR SELL IN HONG KONG, BY MEANS OF ANY DOCUMENT, ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES (EXCEPT FOR CERTIFICATES WHICH ARE A “STRUCTURED PRODUCT” AS DEFINED IN THE SECURITIES AND FUTURES ORDINANCE (CAP. 571) (THE “SFO”) OF HONG KONG) OTHER THAN (A) TO “PROFESSIONAL INVESTORS” AS DEFINED IN THE SFO AND ANY RULES OR REGULATIONS MADE UNDER THE SFO; OR (B) IN OTHER CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH DO NOT RESULT IN THE DOCUMENT BEING A “PROSPECTUS” AS DEFINED IN THE COMPANIES (WINDING UP AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS) ORDINANCE (CAP. 32) (THE “C(WUMP)O”) OF HONG KONG OR WHICH DO NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO THE PUBLIC WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE C(WUMP)O; AND (2) IT HAS NOT ISSUED OR HAD IN ITS POSSESSION FOR THE PURPOSES OF ISSUE, AND WILL NOT ISSUE OR HAVE IN ITS POSSESSION FOR THE PURPOSES OF ISSUE, WHETHER IN HONG KONG OR ELSEWHERE, ANY ADVERTISEMENT, INVITATION OR DOCUMENT RELATING TO THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES, WHICH IS DIRECTED AT, OR THE CONTENTS OF WHICH ARE LIKELY TO BE ACCESSED OR READ BY, THE PUBLIC OF HONG KONG (EXCEPT IF PERMITTED TO DO SO UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF HONG KONG) OTHER THAN WITH RESPECT TO OFFERED CERTIFICATES WHICH ARE OR ARE INTENDED TO BE DISPOSED OF ONLY TO PERSONS OUTSIDE HONG KONG OR ONLY TO “PROFESSIONAL INVESTORS” AS DEFINED IN THE SFO AND ANY RULES MADE UNDER THE SFO.

 

W A R N I N G

 

THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS HAVE NOT BEEN REVIEWED OR APPROVED BY ANY REGULATORY AUTHORITY IN HONG KONG. YOU ARE ADVISED TO EXERCISE CAUTION IN RELATION TO THE OFFER. IF YOU ARE IN ANY DOUBT ABOUT ANY OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS, YOU SHOULD OBTAIN INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONAL ADVICE.

 

SINGAPORE

 

NEITHER THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT OR MATERIAL IN CONNECTION WITH ANY OFFER OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES HAS BEEN REGISTERED AS A PROSPECTUS WITH THE MONETARY AUTHORITY OF SINGAPORE (“MAS”) UNDER THE SECURITIES AND FUTURES ACT (CAP. 289) OF SINGAPORE (THE “SFA”). ACCORDINGLY, MAS ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT A PROSPECTUS AS DEFINED IN THE SFA AND STATUTORY LIABILITY UNDER THE SFA IN RELATION TO THE CONTENTS OF PROSPECTUSES WOULD NOT APPLY. ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY WHETHER THE INVESTMENT IS SUITABLE FOR IT. THIS PROSPECTUS AND ANY OTHER DOCUMENT OR MATERIAL IN

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CONNECTION WITH THE OFFER OR SALE, OR INVITATION FOR SUBSCRIPTION OR PURCHASE, OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY NOT BE CIRCULATED OR DISTRIBUTED, NOR MAY THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES BE OFFERED OR SOLD, OR BE MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN INVITATION FOR SUBSCRIPTION OR PURCHASE, WHETHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO PERSONS IN SINGAPORE OTHER THAN (I) TO AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 4A(1)(c) OF THE SFA) PURSUANT TO SECTION 274 OF THE SFA (EACH AN “INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR”), (II) TO A RELEVANT PERSON (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 275(2) OF THE SFA) PURSUANT TO SECTION 275(1), OR ANY PERSON PURSUANT TO SECTION 275(1A) OF THE SFA, AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275 OF THE SFA, PROVIDED ALWAYS THAT NONE OF SUCH PERSON SHALL BE AN INDIVIDUAL OTHER THAN AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 4A(1)(a) OF THE SFA) (EACH, A “RELEVANT INVESTOR”).

 

NO CERTIFICATES ACQUIRED BY (I) AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR; OR (II) A RELEVANT INVESTOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275 OF THE SFA MAY BE OFFERED OR SOLD, MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN INVITATION FOR SUBSCRIPTION OR PURCHASE, OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, WHETHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO PERSONS IN SINGAPORE, OTHER THAN TO (I) AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR; OR (II) A RELEVANT INVESTOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275 OF THE SFA.

 

WHERE THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES ARE SUBSCRIBED OR PURCHASED UNDER SECTION 275 OF THE SFA BY A RELEVANT PERSON WHICH IS: (A) A CORPORATION (WHICH IS NOT AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 4A OF THE SFA)) THE SOLE BUSINESS OF WHICH IS TO HOLD INVESTMENTS AND THE ENTIRE SHARE CAPITAL OF WHICH IS OWNED BY ONE OR MORE INDIVIDUALS, EACH OF WHOM IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR; OR (B) A TRUST (WHERE THE TRUSTEE IS NOT AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR) WHOSE SOLE PURPOSE IS TO HOLD INVESTMENTS AND EACH BENEFICIARY IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR, SECURITIES (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 239(1) OF THE SFA) OF THAT CORPORATION OR THE BENEFICIARIES’ RIGHTS AND INTEREST (HOWSOEVER DESCRIBED) IN THAT TRUST SHALL NOT BE TRANSFERABLE FOR 6 MONTHS AFTER THAT CORPORATION OR THAT TRUST HAS ACQUIRED THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES UNDER SECTION 275 OF THE SFA EXCEPT: (1) TO AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR UNDER SECTION 274 OF THE SFA OR TO A RELEVANT PERSON (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 275(2) OF THE SFA), OR TO ANY PERSON PURSUANT TO AN OFFER THAT IS MADE ON TERMS THAT SUCH SHARES, DEBENTURES AND UNITS OF SHARES AND DEBENTURES OF THAT CORPORATION OR SUCH RIGHTS OR INTEREST IN THAT TRUST ARE ACQUIRED AT A CONSIDERATION OF NOT LESS THAN 200,000 SINGAPORE DOLLARS (OR ITS EQUIVALENT IN A FOREIGN CURRENCY) FOR EACH TRANSACTION, WHETHER SUCH AMOUNT IS TO BE PAID FOR IN CASH OR BY EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES OR OTHER ASSETS, AND FURTHER FOR CORPORATIONS, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275(1A) OF THE SFA; (2) WHERE NO CONSIDERATION IS GIVEN FOR THE TRANSFER; (3) WHERE THE TRANSFER IS BY OPERATION OF LAW; OR (4) AS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 276(7) OF THE SFA.

 

THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA

 

THESE CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE FINANCIAL SERVICES COMMISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA FOR A PUBLIC OFFERING IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA. THE UNDERWRITERS HAVE THEREFORE REPRESENTED AND AGREED THAT THE CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR DELIVERED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OR OFFERED, SOLD OR DELIVERED TO ANY PERSON FOR RE-OFFERING OR RESALE, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA OR TO ANY RESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PERMITTED UNDER APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA, INCLUDING THE FINANCIAL INVESTMENT SERVICES AND CAPITAL MARKETS ACT AND THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS LAW AND THE DECREES AND REGULATIONS THEREUNDER.

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JAPAN

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND EXCHANGE LAW OF JAPAN, AS AMENDED (THE “FIEL”), AND DISCLOSURE UNDER THE FIEL HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE MADE WITH RESPECT TO THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES. ACCORDINGLY, EACH UNDERWRITER HAS REPRESENTED AND AGREED THAT IT HAS NOT, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OFFERED OR SOLD AND WILL NOT, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OFFER OR SELL ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES IN JAPAN OR TO, OR FOR THE BENEFIT OF, ANY RESIDENT OF JAPAN (WHICH TERM AS USED IN THIS PROSPECTUS MEANS ANY PERSON RESIDENT IN JAPAN, INCLUDING ANY CORPORATION OR OTHER ENTITY ORGANIZED UNDER THE LAWS OF JAPAN) OR TO OTHERS FOR REOFFERING OR RE-SALE, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, IN JAPAN OR TO, OR FOR THE BENEFIT OF, ANY RESIDENT OF JAPAN EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF, AND OTHERWISE IN COMPLIANCE WITH, THE FIEL AND OTHER RELEVANT LAWS, REGULATIONS AND MINISTERIAL GUIDELINES OF JAPAN. AS PART OF THIS OFFERING OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES, THE UNDERWRITERS MAY OFFER THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES IN JAPAN TO UP TO 49 OFFEREES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ABOVE PROVISIONS.

 

JAPANESE RETENTION REQUIREMENT

 

The JAPANESE Financial Services Agency (“JFSA”) published a risk retention rule as part of the regulatory capital regulation of certain categories of Japanese investors seeking to invest in securitization transactions (the “JRR RULE”). The JRR Rule mandates an “indirect” compliance requirement, meaning that certain categories of Japanese investors will be required to apply higher risk weighting to securitization exposures they hold unless the relevant originator commits to hold a retention interest in the securities issued in the securitization transaction equal to at least 5% of the exposure of the total underlying assets in the securitization transaction (the “JAPANESE RETENTION REQUIREMENT”), or such investors determine that the underlying assets were not “inappropriately originated.” In the absence of such a determination by such investors that such underlying assets were not “inappropriately originated,” the Japanese Retention Requirement would apply to an investment by such investors in such securities.

 

No party to the transaction described in this Prospectus has committed to hold a risk retention interest in compliance with the Japanese Retention Requirement, and we make no representation as to whether the transaction described in this prospectus would otherwise comply with the JRR Rule.][LEGENDS TO BE UPDATED BASED ON CURRENT JURISDICTIONAL REQUIREMENTS]

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Summary of Terms

 

This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus. It does not contain all of the information you need to consider in making your investment decision. To understand all of the terms of the offering of the offered certificates, read this entire document carefully.

 

Title of Certificates [TRUST NAME] Commercial Mortgage Pass Through Certificates, Series [___]-[___].

 

Relevant Parties

 

DepositorMorgan Stanley Capital I Inc., a Delaware corporation. The principal executive offices of Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc. are located at 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036, and its telephone number is (212) 761-4000. See “Transaction Parties—The Depositor”.

 

Issuing Entity [TRUST NAME][INSERT SERIES DESIGNATION], a New York common law trust, to be established on the closing date under the pooling and servicing agreement. For more detailed information, see “Transaction Parties—The Issuing Entity”.

 

SponsorsThe sponsors of this transaction are:

 

●     Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC, a New York limited liability company

 

●     [NAMES OF OTHER SPONSORS]

 

[The sponsors are sometimes also referred to in this prospectus as the “mortgage loan sellers”.]

 

The sponsors originated or acquired the mortgage loans and will transfer to the depositor the mortgage loans as set forth in the following chart:

 

Sellers of the Mortgage Loans

 

  Seller  Number of
Mortgage
Loans
  Aggregate
Principal
Balance of
Mortgage Loans
  Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance
  [Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC]     $  %
  [LOAN SELLER]         
  [LOAN SELLER]         
  Total     $    100.0%

 

[INSERT APPROPRIATE FOOTNOTES]

 

See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators”.

 

[In addition, [NAME OF LOAN SELLER] will also transfer to the depositor a subordinate companion loan relating to [NAME OF

 

 

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WHOLE LOAN] mortgage loan, as described below under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans”.]

 

[OriginatorADD DISCLOSURE REGARDING AN ORIGINATOR THAT IS NOT A SPONSOR]

 

Master Servicer [NAME OF MASTER SERVICER] will be the master servicer and will be responsible for the master servicing and administration of the mortgage loans and the related companion loans pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement (other than the mortgage loan and companion loan identified in the table below that is part of a whole loan and serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement indicated in the table titled “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” under “The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans” below). The offices of the master servicer are located at [INSERT ADDRESS]. See “Transaction Parties—The Master Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

[OTHER SERVICERS] [TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE, DISCLOSURE WILL BE ADDED REGARDING OTHER APPLICABLE SERVICERS]

 

The master servicer of the non-serviced mortgage loan is set forth in the table below under the heading “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” under “The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans”. See “Transaction Parties—The Non-Serviced Master Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Special Servicer [NAME OF SPECIAL SERVICER] will act as special servicer with respect to the mortgage loans and the related companion loans other than with respect to any excluded special servicer loan and the non-serviced mortgage loan set forth in the table titled “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans” below. The special servicer will be primarily responsible for (i) making decisions and performing certain servicing functions with respect to such mortgage loans and related companion loans as to which a special servicing transfer event (such as a default or an imminent default) has occurred and (ii) in certain circumstances, reviewing, evaluating, processing and providing or withholding consent as to certain major decisions and other transactions relating to such mortgage loans and related companion loans for which a special servicing transfer event has not occurred, in each case pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction. The primary servicing office of the special servicer is located at [INSERT ADDRESS] See “Transaction Parties—The Special Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

The special servicer was appointed to be the special servicer by [NAME OF “B-PIECE” BUYER], which is expected to purchase the Class [__] and [__] certificates (and may purchase certain other classes of certificates) and, on the closing date, is expected to be the initial directing certificateholder. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

 

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The special servicer of the non-serviced mortgage loan is set forth in the table below titled “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans”. See “Transaction Parties—The Non-Serviced Special Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

[Primary Servicer IDENTIFY (1) EACH AFFILIATED PRIMARY SERVICER AND (2) EACH UNAFFILIATED PRIMARY SERVICER THAT SERVICES 10% OR MORE OF THE POOL ASSETS, IN EACH CASE, AS CONTEMPLATED BY ITEM 1108(a)(2) of REGULATION AB. ADD DISCLOSURE REGARDING PRIMARY SERVICER AS REQUIRED BY ITEM 1108(a)(3) OF REGULATION AB, IF APPLICABLE.]

 

Trustee[NAME OF TRUSTEE] will act as trustee. The corporate trust office of the trustee is located at [INSERT ADDRESS]. Following the transfer of the mortgage loans and [one] trust subordinate companion loan to the issuing entity, the trustee, on behalf of the issuing entity, will become the mortgagee of record for each mortgage loan (other than the non-serviced mortgage loan) and the related companion loans (including the trust subordinate companion loan to be held by the issuing entity). See “Transaction Parties—The Trustee” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

[With respect to each servicing shift mortgage loan, instruments of assignment may be in blank and need not be recorded until the earliest of (i) the securitization of the related control note (in which case the trustee under the pooling and servicing agreement for that securitization will become the mortgagee of record), (ii) the date such mortgage loan becomes a specially serviced loan, and (iii) the expiration of 180 days following the closing date.]

 

With respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan, the entity set forth in the table titled “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” under “The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans” below, in its capacity as trustee under the pooling and servicing agreement for the indicated transaction, is the mortgagee of record for that non-serviced mortgage loan and any related companion loan. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Certificate Administrator [NAME OF CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR] will initially act as certificate administrator. The certificate administrator will also be required to act as custodian, certificate registrar and authenticating agent. The office of the certificate administrator is located at [INSERT ADDRESS]. See “Transaction Parties—The Certificate Administrator” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

[The custodian with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan will be the entity set forth in the table below titled “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” under “The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans”, the custodian under the pooling and servicing agreement for the 

 

 

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indicated transaction.] See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Operating Advisor [NAME OF OPERATING ADVISOR] will be the operating advisor. The operating advisor will have certain review and reporting responsibilities with respect to the performance of the special servicer, and in certain circumstances may recommend to the certificateholders that the special servicer be replaced. The operating advisor will generally have no obligations or consultation rights under the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan or any related REO property. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor.

 

Asset Representations Reviewer [NAME OF ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER] will be the asset representations reviewer. The asset representations reviewer will be required to review certain delinquent mortgage loans after a specified delinquency threshold has been exceeded and the required percentage of certificateholders vote to direct a review of such delinquent mortgage loans.

 

See “Transaction Parties—The Asset Representations Reviewer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Asset Representations Reviewer”.

 

Directing Certificateholder Subject to the rights of the holders of the subordinate companion loans and any controlling serviced pari passu companion loans (or directing certificateholder for the [LOAN–SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, in the case of the trust subordinate companion loan) described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”, the directing certificateholder will have certain consent and consultation rights in certain circumstances with respect to the mortgage loans (other than the non-serviced mortgage loan or excluded DCH loan), as further described in this prospectus. The directing certificateholder will generally be the controlling class certificateholder (or its representative) selected by more than a specified percentage of the controlling class certificateholders (by certificate balance, as certified by the certificate registrar from time to time as provided for in the pooling and servicing agreement). See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder. However, in certain circumstances there may be no directing certificateholder even if there is a controlling class, and in other circumstances there will be no controlling class.

 

An “excluded DCH loan” is a mortgage loan or whole loan with respect to which the directing certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the controlling class certificates (by certificate balance) is one of the following (each, a “borrower party”): a borrower, a mortgagor, a manager of a mortgaged property, the holder of a mezzanine loan that has been accelerated or as to which foreclosure or enforcement proceedings have been commenced against the equity collateral pledged to secure such mezzanine loan, or certain affiliates of the foregoing.

 

 

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The controlling class will be the most subordinate class of the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates then-outstanding that has an aggregate certificate balance, as notionally reduced by any cumulative appraisal reduction amounts allocable to such class, at least equal to 25% of the initial certificate balance of that class[; provided, however, that during such time as the Class [__] certificates would be the controlling class, the holders of such certificates will have the right to irrevocably waive their right to appoint a directing certificateholder or to exercise any of the rights of the controlling class certificateholder. No class of certificates, other than as described above, will be eligible to act as the controlling class or appoint a directing certificateholder.

 

It is anticipated that an affiliate of [NAME OF “B-PIECE” BUYER] will purchase the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates (and may purchase certain other classes of certificates) and, on the closing date, is expected to be the initial directing certificateholder.

 

With respect to any subordinate companion loan described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”, during such time as the holders of the subordinate companion loan (or the directing certificateholder for the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, which class represents the beneficial interest in the trust subordinate companion loan) are no longer permitted to exercise control or consultation rights under the related intercreditor agreement, the directing certificateholder will have generally similar (although not necessarily identical) consent and consultation rights with respect to the related AB mortgage loan as it does for the other mortgage loans in the pool. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

The entity identified in the table titled “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” under “—Whole Loans” below is the initial directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for the indicated transaction and will have certain consent and consultation rights with respect to the non-serviced whole loan, which are substantially similar, but not identical, to those of the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization, subject to similar appraisal mechanics. [In addition, each servicing shift mortgage loan will be serviced pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction until the securitization of the related control note (which is not included in this transaction); however, the holder of the related control note will have consent and consultation rights substantially similar, but not identical, to those of the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization.] See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

 

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Holders of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC 

   CLASS] Certificates [_ ]([_]) mortgage loan identified as “[_____]” on Annex A-1, representing approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, has a trust subordinate companion loan (a subordinate interest in the related whole loan), and such trust subordinate companion loan will also be held by the issuing entity. The [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will be backed solely by such trust subordinate companion loan, and any expenses or losses incurred in respect to the other mortgage loans will not be borne by the holders of such [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates. The loan-specific directing certificateholder appointed by the holders of more than 50% of the certificate balance of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will be entitled to exercise certain of the rights of the holder of the trust subordinate companion loan under the related intercreditor agreement on behalf of the holders of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, as the beneficial owner of such certificates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”. [IF NO TRUST SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN IS HELD BY THE ISSUING ENTITY, NO LOAN SPECIFIC CERTIFICATES WILL BE ISSUED.]

 

Subordinate Companion Loan

   Holders With respect to any serviced subordinate companion loan, the holder of the related B note will have certain rights with respect to the related mortgage loan, including (i) the right to cure certain defaults with respect to such mortgage loan, (ii) the right to purchase (without payment of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) such mortgage loan under certain limited default circumstances, (iii) prior to a control appraisal event under the related intercreditor agreement, the right to approve certain modifications and consent to certain material servicing decisions actions with respect to such mortgage loan, and (iv) prior to a control appraisal event under the related intercreditor agreement, the right to replace the special servicer with respect to the related whole loan.

 

[As of the closing date, [_] is the holder of the [_] controlling subordinate companion loan.]

 

UnderwritersMorgan Stanley & Co. LLC, [ADDITIONAL UNDERWRITERS] are the underwriters. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC is an affiliate of Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC, a sponsor and mortgage loan seller, Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., an originator, and Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc., the depositor. [ADDITIONAL UNDERWRITER AFFILIATION INFORMATION] The underwriters are required to purchase the certificates offered in this prospectus from the depositor (in the amounts to be set forth under the heading “Method of Distribution (Underwriter)” in this prospectus, subject to certain conditions.

 

[Risk Retention Consultation Party With respect to certain material servicing actions related to serviced mortgage loans that are not excluded RRCP loans, upon request of the risk retention consultation party, the party processing such servicing action will be required to consult on a

 

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non-binding basis with the risk retention consultation party, as further described in this prospectus. The risk retention consultation party will be the party selected by the holder or holders of more than 50% of the VRR Interest (by principal balance). [_] is expected to be appointed as the initial risk retention consultation party.

 

An “excluded RRCP loan” is a mortgage loan or whole loan with respect to which the risk retention consultation party or the holder of the majority of the VRR Interest is a borrower party or a borrower party affiliate thereof.][INCLUDE for transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST]

 

Certain Affiliations The originators, the sponsors, the underwriters, and the parties to the pooling and servicing agreement have various roles in this transaction as well as certain relationships with parties to this transaction and certain of their affiliates. These roles and other potential relationships may give rise to conflicts of interest as further described in this prospectus under “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest” and “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

Significant Obligors The borrowers related to the mortgage loans identified on Annex A-1 as [_____], [_____] and [_____], [are affiliated and] represent [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Significant Mortgage Loans and Significant Obligors”. [Include for any borrower OR GROUP OF AFFILIATED BORROWERS representing 10% oR more of pool, if any.]

 

The mortgaged properties related to the mortgage loans identified on Annex A-1 as [_____], [_____] and [_____], [are related and] represent [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Significant Mortgage Loans and Significant Obligors”. [Include for any mortgaged property OR GROUP OF RELATED MORTGAGED PROPERTIES representing 10% oR more of pool, if any.]

 

Certain of the lessees occupying all or a portion of the mortgaged properties related to the mortgage loans identified on Annex A-1 as [______], [_____] and [_____], [are affiliated and] represent [__]% of the [cash flow of the] initial mortgage pool. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Significant Mortgage Loans and Significant Obligors”. [Include for any lessEE OR GROUP OF AFFILIATED LESSEES accounting for 10% or more of cash flow, if any.]

 

[INCLUDE INFORMATION REQUIRED BY ITEM 1112(a) and (b) FOR EACH SIGNIFICANT OBLIGOR]

 

 

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Relevant Dates And Periods

 

Cut-off Date [______].

 

Closing Date On or about [_______].

 

Distribution Date The [__] business day following each determination date. The first distribution date will be in [______].

 

Determination Date The [__] day of each month or, if the [__] day is not a business day, then the business day immediately following such [__] day.

 

Record Date With respect to any distribution date, [the last business day of the month preceding the month in which that distribution date occurs][INSERT OTHER RECORD DATE].

 

Interest Accrual Period Interest will accrue on the offered certificates during the [calendar month prior to the related distribution date][INSERT OTHER ACCRUAL PERIOD]. [Interest will be calculated on the offered certificates assuming each month has 30 days and each year has 360 days.]

 

Collection Period For any mortgage loan or the trust subordinate companion loan to be held by the issuing entity and any distribution date, the period commencing on [the day immediately following the due date for such mortgage loan in the month preceding the month in which that distribution date occurs and ending on and including the due date for such mortgage loan in the month in which that distribution date occurs][INSERT OTHER SERIES SPECIFIC COLLECTION PERIOD]. However, in the event that the last day of a collection period (or applicable grace period) is not a business day, any periodic payments received with respect to the mortgage loans relating to that collection period on the business day immediately following that last day will be deemed to have been received during that collection period and not during any other collection period.

 

Assumed Final Distribution 

   Date; Rated Final 

   Distribution Date The assumed final distribution dates set forth below for each class have been determined on the basis of the assumptions described in “Description of the Certificates—Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date”:

  

  [CLASS DESIGNATIONS] [DATES]
     

 

The rated final distribution date will be the distribution date in [__________].

 

 

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Transaction Overview

 

On the closing date, each sponsor will sell its respective mortgage loans and the trust subordinate companion loan to the depositor, which will in turn deposit the mortgage loans and the trust subordinate companion loan into the issuing entity, a common law trust created on the closing date. The issuing entity will be formed by a pooling and servicing agreement to be entered into among the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer.

 

The transfers of the mortgage loans from the sponsors to the depositor and from the depositor to the issuing entity in exchange for the offered certificates are illustrated below(1):

 

 

 

 

[(1)Although the trust subordinate companion loan is an asset of the issuing entity, amounts distributable to the trust subordinate companion loan pursuant to its related intercreditor agreement will be payable only to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates and therefore support only the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates.]

 

 

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Offered Certificates

 

GeneralWe are offering the following classes of commercial mortgage pass-through certificates as part of Series [____]:

 

●     [CLASS DESIGNATIONS]

 

The certificates of this Series will consist of the above classes and the following classes that are not being offered by this prospectus: [SERIES DESIGNATIONS OF NON-OFFERED CLASSES]. The certificates, other than the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, are referred to in this prospectus as the pooled certificates.

 

Certificate Balances and 

   Notional Amounts Your certificates will have the approximate aggregate initial certificate balance or notional amount set forth below, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%:

  

  [CLASS DESIGNATIONS] [INITIAL CLASS BALANCES]

 

 

(1)The initial certificate balance of each class of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates shown in the table above represents the maximum certificate balance of such class without giving effect to any issuance of the Class [EC] certificates. The initial certificate balance of the Class [EC] certificates shown in the table above is equal to the aggregate of the maximum initial certificate balance of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates, which is the maximum certificate balance of the Class [EC] certificates that could be issued in an exchange. The actual certificate balance of any class of Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates or Class [EC] certificates issued on the closing date may be less than the maximum certificate balance of that class and may be zero. The certificate balance of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates to be issued on the closing date will be reduced, in required proportions, by an amount equal to the certificate balance of the Class [EC] certificates issued on the closing date, if any.
   

(2)[The exact initial certificate balances of the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates are unknown and will be determined based on the final pricing of those classes of certificates. However, the initial certificate balances and percentages of initial pool balance of the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates are expected to be within the applicable ranges reflected in the chart above. The aggregate initial certificate balance of the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates is expected to be approximately $[_], subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%]

 

(3)Notional amount.

 

Pass-Through Rates

 

A. Offered Certificates Your certificates will accrue interest at an annual rate called a pass-through rate. The initial approximate pass-through rate is set forth below for each class:

 

  [CLASS DESIGNATION] [PASS-THROUGH RATE]

 

 

(1)The pass-through rate for the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates for any distribution date will equal [the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a

 

 

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  360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months), over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates of the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates and the Class [__] trust component for that distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective certificate balances immediately prior to that distribution date. The pass-through rate for the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates for any distribution date will equal the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) for the related distribution date, over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates of the Class [__] certificates and the Class [__] and Class [__] trust components for that distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective certificate balances immediately prior to that distribution date.

 

(2)[The pass-through rate of the Class [__] certificates will be a per annum rate equal to the lesser of (i) the pass-through rate for such class specified in the table above and (ii) the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case, adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) as of their respective due dates in the month preceding the month in which the related distribution date occurs.]

 

(3)[The Class [EC] certificates will not have a pass-through rate, but will be entitled to receive the sum of the interest distributable on the percentage interests of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components represented by the Class [EC] certificates. The pass-through rates on the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components will at all times be the same as the pass-through rates of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates, respectively.]

 

(4)[The pass-through rate of the Class [__] certificates will be a per annum rate equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case, adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) as of their respective due dates in the month preceding the month in which the related distribution date occurs.]

 

(5)[The pass-through rate applicable to the Class [__] certificates on each distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage rates on the mortgage loans (in each case adjusted, if necessary, to accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) for such distribution date as of their respective due dates in the month preceding the month in which the related distribution date occurs minus [__]%.].

 

(6)[Insert description of pass-through rates for other offered certificates.]

 

B. Class [EC] and 

   Exchangeable Certificates If you own Class [EC] certificates, you will be able to exchange them for a proportionate interest in the Class [A], Class [B] or Class [C] certificates (sometimes referred to in this prospectus as “exchangeable certificates”), and if you own exchangeable certificates you will be able to exchange them for a proportionate interest in the Class [EC] certificates. You can exchange your Class [EC] certificates or exchangeable certificates by notifying the certificate administrator. If Class [EC] certificates or exchangeable certificates are outstanding and held by certificateholders, those certificates will receive principal and interest that would otherwise have been payable on the same proportion of certificates exchanged for them if those certificates were outstanding and held by certificateholders. Any such allocation of principal and interest between Class [EC] certificates on the one hand and exchangeable certificates on the other hand will have no effect on the principal or interest entitlements of any other class of certificates. Exchanges will be subject to various conditions that we describe in this prospectus. See “Description of the Certificates—Exchanges of Exchangeable Certificates” for a description of the exchange procedures relating to the Class [EC] certificates and the exchangeable certificates. See also “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—There Are Risks Relating to the Exchangeable Certificates”.

 

C. Interest Rate Calculation 

   ConventionInterest on the offered certificates at their applicable pass-through rates will be calculated based on a [360-day year

 

 

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  consisting of twelve 30-day months, or a “30/360 basis”][IDENTIFY OTHER CALCULATION CONVENTION].

 

For purposes of calculating the pass-through rates on the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates and any other class of certificates or trust component that has a pass-through rate limited by, equal to or based on the weighted average net mortgage interest rate (which calculation does not include any companion loan interest rate), the mortgage loan interest rates will not reflect any default interest rate, any loan term modifications agreed to by the applicable special servicer or any modifications resulting from a borrower’s bankruptcy or insolvency.

 

[For purposes of calculating the pass-through rates on the offered certificates (other than the Class [EC] certificates), the interest rate for each mortgage loan that accrues interest based on the actual number of days in each month and assuming a 360-day year, or an “actual/360 basis”, will be recalculated, if necessary, so that the amount of interest that would accrue at that recalculated rate in the applicable month, calculated on a 30/360 basis, will equal the amount of interest that is required to be paid on that mortgage loan in that month, subject to certain adjustments as described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Pass-Through Rates” and “—Interest Distribution Amount”.]

 

D. Servicing and   
   Administration Fees The master servicer and special servicer are entitled to a master servicing fee and a special servicing fee, respectively, from the interest payments on each mortgage loan (other than the non-serviced mortgage loan with respect to the special servicing fee only), the serviced companion loans and any related REO loans and, with respect to the special servicing fees, if the related loan interest payments (or other collections in respect of the related mortgage loan or mortgaged property) are insufficient, then from general collections on all mortgage loans. The servicing fee for each distribution date, including the master servicing fee [and the portion of the servicing fee payable to any primary servicer or subservicer], is calculated on the [outstanding][stated] principal amount of each mortgage loan (including the non-serviced mortgage loan) and the related serviced companion loans at the servicing fee rate equal to a per annum rate [ranging from [______]% to [_____]%].

 

The special servicing fee for each distribution date is calculated based on the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan (other than the non-serviced mortgage loan) and the related serviced companion loans as to which a special servicing transfer event has occurred (including any REO loans), on a loan-by-loan basis at the special servicing fee rate equal to [___]% [add caps or minimums]. The special servicer will not be entitled to a special servicing fee with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan.

 

Any primary servicing fees or sub-servicing fees with respect to each mortgage loan (other than the non-serviced mortgage loan)

 

 

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and the related serviced companion loans will be paid by the related master servicer or special servicer, respectively, out of the fees described above.

 

The master servicer and special servicer are also entitled to additional fees and amounts, including income on the amounts held in certain accounts and certain permitted investments, liquidation fees and workout fees. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”.

 

The certificate administrator fee for each distribution date is calculated on the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan (including any REO loan and non-serviced mortgage loan) and the trust subordinate companion loan at a per annum rate equal to [____]%. [The trustee fee is payable by the certificate administrator from the certificate administrator fee and is equal to [___].]

 

The operating advisor will be entitled to a fee on each distribution date calculated on the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan and REO loan (including the non-serviced mortgage loan) and the trust subordinate companion loan at a per annum rate equal to [____]%. The operating advisor will also be entitled under certain circumstances to a consulting fee.

 

The asset representations reviewer will be entitled to a fee in the amount of $[_________] per loan upon the completion of the review it conducts with respect to certain delinquent mortgage loans. [DISCLOSE ANY RETAINER FEE OR SIMILAR FEE PAID TO THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER, IF APPLICABLE.]

 

Each party to the pooling and servicing agreement will also be entitled to be reimbursed by the issuing entity for costs, expenses and liabilities borne by them in certain circumstances. Fees and expenses payable by the issuing entity to any party to the pooling and servicing agreement are generally payable prior to any distributions to certificateholders.

 

Additionally, with respect to each distribution date, an amount equal to the product of [__]% per annum multiplied by the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan[, the trust subordinate companion loan] and any REO loan will be payable to CRE Finance Council© as a license fee for use of their names and trademarks, including an investor reporting package. This fee will be payable prior to any distributions to certificateholders.

 

Payment of the fees and reimbursement of the costs and expenses described above will generally have priority over the distribution of amounts payable to the certificateholders. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses” and “—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”.

 

With respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan set forth in the table below, the master servicer under the related pooling and

 

 

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servicing agreement governing the servicing of that loan will be entitled to a primary servicing fee at a rate equal to a per annum rate set forth in the table below, and the special servicer under the related pooling and servicing agreement will be entitled to a special servicing fee at a rate equal to the per annum rate set forth below. In addition, each party to the related pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan will be entitled to receive other fees and reimbursements with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan in amounts, from sources, and at frequencies, that are similar, but not necessarily identical, to those described above and, in certain cases (for example, with respect to unreimbursed special servicing fees and servicing advances with respect to the non-serviced whole loan), such amounts will be reimbursable from general collections on the mortgage loans to the extent not recoverable from the non-serviced whole loan and to the extent allocable to the non-serviced mortgage loan pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans

 

 

Non-Serviced Loan

Primary Servicing Fee
Rate

Special Servicing Fee Rate

       

 

Distributions

 

[A. Allocation between VRR
   Interest and 

   Non-Vertically Retained Certificates The aggregate amount available for distributions to holders of the certificates (including the VRR Interest) on each distribution date (net of specified expenses of the issuing entity, including fees payable to, and costs and expenses reimbursable to, the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer) will be allocated between amounts available for distribution to the holders of the VRR Interest, on the one hand, and for distribution to all other certificates (other than the Class R certificates), on the other hand. The certificates other than the Class R certificates and the VRR Interest are referred to in this prospectus as the “non-vertically retained certificates“. The portion of such amount allocable to (a) the VRR Interest will at all times be the product of such amount multiplied by [_]% and (b) the non-vertically retained certificates will at all times be the product of such amount multiplied by [_]%, in each case such percentages being referred to in this prospectus as their respective “percentage allocation entitlements”.] [INCLUDE for transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST THAT IS A “SINGLE VERTICAL SECURITY”]

 

 

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A. Amount and Order of   
   Distributions On each distribution date, funds available for distribution from the mortgage loans, net of (i) specified expenses of the issuing entity, including fees payable to, and costs and expenses reimbursable to, the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor, and the asset representations reviewer, (ii) any yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums and (iii) any excess interest distributable to the Class [ARD] certificates, will be distributed in the following amounts and order of priority:

 

First, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to, and pro rata in accordance with the interest entitlements for those classes;

 

Second, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, in reduction of the then-outstanding certificate balances of those classes, in the following priority (prior to the Cross-Over Date):

 

[INSERT PRINCIPAL PAYMENT PRIORITIES FOR THE SENIOR CLASSES]

 

However, if the certificate balances of each class of certificates, other than the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, having an initial principal balance have been reduced to zero, funds available for distributions of principal will be distributed to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, pro rata, based on their respective certificate balances;

 

Third, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, up to an amount equal to, and pro rata based upon, the aggregate unreimbursed losses on the mortgage loans previously allocated to each such class, plus interest on that amount at the pass-through rate for such class;

 

Fourth, to the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components and, thus, concurrently, to the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates as follows: (a) to interest on the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components (and, therefore, to the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] and Class [EC] certificates pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components) in the amount of its interest entitlement; (b) to the extent of funds allocable to principal and available for distribution that remain after distributions in respect of principal to each class with a higher priority (as set forth in prior enumerated clauses set forth above), to principal on the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components (and, therefore, to the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] and Class [EC] certificates pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components) until its certificate balance has been reduced to zero; and (c) to reimburse the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components (and, therefore, to the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] and Class [EC] certificates pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components) for any previously

 

 

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unreimbursed losses on the mortgage loans that were previously allocated to that trust component (and, therefore, those certificates), together with interest;

 

Fifth, [ADD SIMILAR CLAUSES TO CLAUSE FOURTH FOR OTHER EXCHANGEABLE CLASSES]

 

Sixth, to the Class [__] as follows: (a) to interest on the Class [__] certificates in the amount of its interest entitlement; (b) to the extent of funds allocable to principal remaining after distributions in respect of principal to each class with a higher priority (as set forth in prior enumerated clauses set forth above), to principal on the Class [__] certificates until its certificate balance has been reduced to zero; and (c) to reimburse the Class [__] certificates for any previously unreimbursed losses on the mortgage loans that were previously allocated to that class of certificates, together with interest on that amount at the pass-through rate for such class;

 

Seventh, [ADD SIMILAR CLAUSES TO CLAUSE SIXTH FOR OTHER SUBORDINATE CLASSES THAT ARE NOT EXCHANGEABLE CLASSES]; and

 

Eighth, to the Class R certificates, any remaining amounts.

 

For more detailed information regarding distributions on the certificates, see “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”.

 

B. Interest and Principal   
   Entitlements A description of the interest entitlement of each class of certificates [(other than the Class [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS], Class R and Class [ARD] certificates)] [and the VRR Interest] can be found in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Interest Distribution Amount” [and “Credit Risk Retention—VRR Interest—Priority of Distributions”]. As described in that section, there are circumstances in which your interest entitlement for a distribution date could be less than one full month’s interest at the pass-through rate on your certificate’s balance or notional amount (or, in the case of the Class [EC] certificates, the related pass-through rates on the applicable percentage interest of the related certificate balances of the Class [A],Class [B] and Class [C] trust components).

 

A description of the amount of principal required to be distributed to each class of certificates entitled to principal on a particular distribution date (other than the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates) can be found in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Principal Distribution Amount”.

 

C. Yield Maintenance Charges, 

   Prepayment Premiums Yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums with respect to the mortgage loans will be allocated to the certificates as described in “Description of the Certificates—Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums”.

 

 

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For an explanation of the calculation of yield maintenance charges, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans”.

 

Yield maintenance charges received in respect of the trust subordinate companion loan will be distributed to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement, and will not be allocated to the other classes of certificates.

 

D. Subordination, Allocation of 

   Losses and Certain Expenses The chart below describes the manner in which the payment rights of certain classes of certificates will be senior or subordinate, as the case may be, to the payment rights of other classes of certificates. The chart shows the [allocation between the VRR Interest and the non-vertically retained certificates and the corresponding] entitlement to receive principal and/or interest of certain classes of certificates (other than excess interest collected on each mortgage loan that has an anticipated repayment date) on any distribution date in descending order. It also shows the manner in which mortgage loan losses are allocated [between the VRR Interest and] certain classes of the certificates [and the manner in which the certificate allocations are further allocated] in ascending order (beginning with the non-offered pooled certificates, other than the Class R and Class [ARD] certificates) to reduce the balance of each such class to zero; provided that mortgage loan losses with respect to an AB whole loan will be allocated first to the related subordinate companion loan (and correspondingly, to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates in the case of the trust subordinate companion loan), until the certificate balance of such class is reduced to zero, then, to the pooled certificates entitled to distributions of principal in ascending order (beginning with the non-offered pooled certificates, other than the Class R and Class [ARD] certificates) as set forth in the chart below]; provided, further, that no principal payments or mortgage loan losses will be allocated to the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES], Class R or Class [ARD] certificates, although principal payments and mortgage loan losses may reduce the notional amounts of the [INTEREST-ONLY] certificates and, therefore, the amount of interest they accrue.

  

[BELOW CHART TO BE UPDATED FOR ALLOCATION TO VRR INTEREST FOR transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST THAT IS A “SINGLE VERTICAL SECURITY”]

 

[SENIOR CLASSES](1)
   
[SENIOR SUPPORT CLASS](2)
   
Class [__](2)
   

 

 

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Class [__](2)
   
Non-offered certificates(3)(4)

 

 
(1)The [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates are interest-only certificates and the [NON-OFFERED SENIOR CLASSES] certificates are not offered by this prospectus.

 

(2)Reflects a trust component. Distributions and mortgage loan losses allocated to a trust component will be concurrently allocated to the applicable portion of the related class or classes of exchangeable certificates and the Class [EC] certificates that form part of the related certificate balance of such trust component as described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”.

 

(3)Other than the [IDENTIFY SENIOR NON-OFFERED CLASSES HAVING SENIOR PAYMENT PRIORITIES IDENTIFIED ABOVE] certificates.

 

(4)The [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will be allocated losses and shortfalls on the [______] whole loan first, and then losses and shortfalls will be allocated to the related mortgage loan.

 

Credit enhancement will be provided [solely] by the subordination of certain classes of certificates, as described above. [IDENTIFY OTHER CREDIT ENHANCEMENT, IF APPLICABLE]

 

Mortgage loan losses and principal payments, if any, on mortgage loans that are allocated to a class of certificates having an initial certificate balance (other than the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS certificates) and mortgage loan losses and principal payments, if any, on the trust subordinate companion loan allocated to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will reduce the certificate balance of that class of certificates.

 

[DESCRIBE RELATIONSHIP OF NOTIONAL AMOUNT OF INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES TO THEIR RELATED PRINCIPAL-WEIGHTED CLASSES ON WHICH THE NOTIONAL AMOUNTS ARE BASED]

 

To the extent funds are available on a subsequent distribution date for distribution on your offered certificates, you will be reimbursed for any losses allocated to your offered certificates (or the applicable percentage interest of the relevant underlying trust component(s)) with interest at the pass-through rate on those offered certificates (or underlying trust component(s)) in accordance with the distribution priorities.

 

See “Description of the Certificates—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses” [and “Credit Risk Retention—VRR Interest”] for more detailed information regarding the subordination provisions applicable to the certificates and the allocation of losses to the certificates.

 

E. Shortfalls in Available Funds The following types of shortfalls in available funds will reduce distributions to the classes of certificates or trust components with the lowest payment priorities:

 

shortfalls resulting from the payment of special servicing fees and other additional compensation that the special servicer is entitled to receive;

 

 

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shortfalls resulting from interest on advances made by the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee (to the extent not covered by late payment charges or default interest paid by the related borrower);

 

shortfalls resulting from the application of appraisal reductions to reduce interest advances;

 

shortfalls resulting from extraordinary expenses of the issuing entity including indemnification payments payable to the parties to the pooling and servicing agreement;

 

shortfalls resulting from a modification of a mortgage loan’s interest rate or principal balance; and

 

shortfalls resulting from other unanticipated or default-related expenses of the issuing entity.

 

In addition, prepayment interest shortfalls on the mortgage loans that are not covered by certain compensating interest payments made by the master servicer are required to be allocated among the classes of certificates (other than the Class [A], Class [B], Class [C], Class [EC], [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS], Class [ARD] certificates) or trust components entitled to interest (and, therefore, the Class [A], Class [B], Class [C] and Class [EC] certificates), on a pro rata basis, to reduce the amount of interest payable on each such class of certificates to the extent described in this prospectus. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”.

 

Shortfalls in available funds resulting from any of the foregoing with respect to an AB whole loan will result first in a reduction in amounts distributable in accordance with the related intercreditor agreement in respect of the related subordinate companion loan, which will in turn reduce distributions in respect of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates in the case of the trust subordinate companion loan, and then, result in a reduction in amounts distributable in accordance with the related intercreditor agreement in respect of the related mortgage loan, which will in turn reduce distributions in respect of the pooled certificates as described above. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan[—Application of Payments]” and “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Yield Considerations—Losses and Shortfalls”.

 

F. Excess Interest On each distribution date, any excess interest in respect of the increase in the interest rate on any mortgage loan with an anticipated repayment date after the related anticipated repayment date to the extent actually collected and applied as interest during a collection period will be distributed to the holders of the Class [ARD] certificates [and the VRR Interest] on the related distribution date as set forth in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Excess Interest”. This excess interest will not be available to make distributions to any other class of certificates or to provide credit support for other classes of certificates or offset any interest shortfalls or to pay any other

 

 

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amounts to any other party under the pooling and servicing agreement.

 

Advances

 

A. P&I Advances The master servicer is required to advance a delinquent periodic payment on each mortgage loan or any REO loan (other than any portion of an REO loan related to a companion loan), unless in each case, the master servicer or the special servicer determines that the advance would be non-recoverable. Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be required to advance balloon payments due at maturity or anticipated repayment date in excess of the regular periodic payment, interest in excess of a mortgage loan’s regular interest rate, default interest, late payment charges, prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges.

 

The amount of the interest portion of any advance will be subject to reduction to the extent that an appraisal reduction of the related mortgage loan has occurred (and with respect to any mortgage loan that is part of a whole loan, to the extent such appraisal reduction amount is allocated to the related mortgage loan). There may be other circumstances in which the master servicer will not be required to advance a full month of principal and/or interest. If the master servicer fails to make a required advance, the trustee will be required to make the advance, unless the trustee determines that the advance would be non-recoverable. If an interest advance is made by the master servicer, the master servicer will not advance the portion of interest that constitutes its servicing fee, but will advance the portion of interest that constitutes the fees payable to the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer and the CREFC® license fee.

 

None of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee will make, or be permitted to make, any principal or interest advance with respect to any companion loan that is not held by the issuing entity [or with respect to the trust subordinate companion loan].

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

B. Property Protection Advances The master servicer may be required to make advances with respect to mortgage loans and related companion loans that it is required to service to pay delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums and similar expenses necessary to:

 

protect and maintain (and in the case of REO properties, lease and manage) the related mortgaged property;

 

maintain the lien on the related mortgaged property; and/or

 

enforce the related mortgage loan documents.

 

The special servicer will have no obligation to make any property protection advances (although it may elect to make them in an

 

 

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emergency circumstance). [If the special servicer makes a property protection advance, the master servicer will be required to reimburse the special servicer for that advance and the master servicer will be deemed to have made that advance as of the date made by the special servicer.]

 

If the master servicer fails to make a required advance of this type, the trustee will be required to make this advance. None of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee is required to advance amounts determined by such party to be non-recoverable.

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

With respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan, the master servicer (and the trustee, as applicable) under the related pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of that non-serviced whole loan will be required to make similar advances with respect to delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums as described above.

 

None of the master servicer, special servicer or trustee will make or be permitted to make any advance in connection with the exercise of any cure rights or purchase rights granted to the holder of any subordinate companion loan under the related intercreditor agreement, or in the case of the trust subordinate companion loan, by the related loan-specific directing certificateholder appointed by the holders of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates.

 

C. Interest on Advances The master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee, as applicable, will be entitled to interest on the above described advances at [the “Prime Rate” as published in The Wall Street Journal,] as described in this prospectus. Interest accrued on outstanding advances may result in reductions in amounts otherwise payable on the certificates. Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be entitled to interest on advances made with respect to principal and interest due on a mortgage loan until the related due date has passed and any grace period for late payments applicable to the mortgage loan has expired. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

With respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan, the applicable makers of advances under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan will similarly be entitled to interest on advances, and any accrued and unpaid interest on property protection advances made in respect of such non-serviced mortgage loan may be reimbursed from general collections on the other mortgage loans included in the issuing entity to the extent not recoverable from such non-serviced mortgage loan and to the extent allocable to the related non-serviced mortgage loan in accordance with the related intercreditor agreement.

 

 

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The Mortgage Pool

 

The Mortgage Pool The issuing entity’s primary assets will be [__] fixed rate commercial mortgage loans and the trust subordinate companion loan, each evidenced by one or more promissory notes secured by first mortgages, deeds of trust, deeds to secure debt or similar security instruments on the fee and/or leasehold estate of the related borrower in [___] commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community properties. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness”. [EACH POOL FOR A PARTICULAR SECURITIZATION WILL CONSIST OF ONE OR MORE FIXED RATE LOANS AND MAY ALSO CONSIST OF ONE OR MORE TRUST SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOANS]

 

The aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date will be approximately $[_______]. The principal balance of the trust subordinate companion loan as of the cut-off date will be $[________].

 

Whole Loans

 

Unless otherwise expressly stated in this prospectus, the term “mortgage loan” refers to each of the [NUMBER OF LOANS] commercial mortgage loans to be held by the issuing entity. Of the mortgage loans, each of the loans in the table below is part of a larger whole loan, each of which is comprised of the related mortgage loan and one or more loans that are pari passu in right of payment to the related mortgage loan (each referred to in this prospectus as a “pari passu companion loan”) and/or are subordinate in right of payment to the related mortgage loan (each referred to in this prospectus as a “subordinate companion loan”, and together with the pari passu companion loans, the “companion loans”). The companion loans, together with their related mortgage loans, are each referred to in this prospectus as a “whole loan”. With respect to one of the whole loans set forth below, [NAME OF LOAN SELLER] will transfer a subordinate companion loan (referred to in this prospectus as the “trust subordinate companion loan”) relating to [NAME OF WHOLE LOAN] mortgage loan to the depositor.

 

Whole Loan Summary

 

Mortgage Loan Name 

Mortgage
Loan Cut-off
Date
Balance 

% of Initial Pool
Balance 

Pari Passu
Companion
Loan Cut-off
Date Balance 

Subordinate
Companion
Loan Cut-off
Date Balance 

Mortgage
Loan LTV
Ratio(2) 

Whole Loan
LTV Ratio(3) 

Mortgage Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR(2) 

Whole Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR(3) 

[___] $[___] [___]%       [___]%   [___]x
[___](1) $[___] [___]%       [___]%   [___]x
[___] $[___] [___]%       [___]%   [___]x

 

 

(1)[INDICATE THE TRUST SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN THAT IS INCLUDED IN THE ISSUING ENTITY.]

 

(2)Calculated including the related pari passu companion loans but excluding the related subordinate companion loan.

 

(3)Calculated including the related pari passu companion loans and the related subordinate companion loan.

 

The [LIST SERVICED WHOLE LOANS] loans will be serviced by the master servicer and the special servicer pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction and are each referred to in this prospectus as a “serviced whole loan”,

 

 

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and the related companion loans are referred to in this prospectus as “serviced companion loans”.

 

The holder of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] will have certain approval rights with respect to the related AB mortgage loan under certain circumstances. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

[The [LIST SERVICING SHIFT WHOLE LOAN] whole loan (also referred to herein as a “servicing shift whole loan,” with the mortgage loan related to such whole loan being referred to herein as a “servicing shift mortgage loan”) will initially be serviced by the master servicer and the special servicer pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction and, for so long as it is so serviced, will constitute a “serviced whole loan” (and each related pari passu companion loan will constitute a “serviced pari passu companion loan”). However, with respect to such whole loan, after the securitization of the related controlling pari passu companion loan, such whole loan will be serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement entered into in connection with such securitization and will thereafter constitute a “non-serviced whole loan” (and each related pari passu companion loan will constitute a “non-serviced pari passu companion loan”).]

 

The loan identified in the table below will not be serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement and instead will be serviced under a separate pooling and servicing agreement identified below relating to the related companion loan and is referred to in this prospectus as a “non-serviced whole loan”. The related mortgage loan is referred to as a “non-serviced mortgage loan” and the related companion loan is referred to in this prospectus as a “non-serviced companion loan”. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Non-Serviced Whole Loan

 

Loan Name

Lead Servicing
Agreement as of
the Closing Date

% of
Initial Pool
Balance

Master
Servicer

Special
Servicer

Custodian

Controlling
Noteholder

Directing
Certificateholder

               

 

For further information regarding the whole loans, see “Description of the Mortgage PoolThe Whole Loans”, and for information regarding the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan, see “Pooling and Servicing AgreementServicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Mortgage Loan Characteristics

 

[The following tables set forth certain anticipated characteristics of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (unless otherwise indicated). Except as specifically provided in this prospectus, various information presented in this prospectus (including loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios, debt yields and cut-off date balances per net rentable square foot, pad,

 

 

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room or unit, as applicable) with respect to any mortgage loan with a pari passu companion loan or subordinate companion loan is calculated including the principal balance and debt service payment of the related pari passu companion loan(s), but is calculated excluding the principal balance and debt service payment of the related subordinate companion loan (or any other subordinate debt encumbering the related mortgaged property or any related mezzanine debt or preferred equity). However, unless specifically indicated, for the purpose of numerical and statistical information with respect to the composition of the mortgage pool contained in this prospectus (including any tables, charts and information set forth on Annex A-1, A-2 and A-3), no subordinate companion loan is reflected in this prospectus.

 

The sum of the numerical data in any column may not equal the indicated total due to rounding. Unless otherwise indicated, all figures and percentages presented in this “Summary of Terms” are calculated as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Information” and, unless otherwise indicated, such figures and percentages are approximate and in each case, represent the indicated figure or percentage of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date. The principal balance of each mortgage loan as of the cut-off date assumes the timely receipt of principal scheduled to be paid on or before the cut-off date and no defaults, delinquencies or prepayments on, or modifications of, any mortgage loan on or prior to the cut-off date. Whenever percentages and other information in this prospectus are presented on the mortgaged property level rather than the mortgage loan level, the information for mortgage loans secured by more than one mortgaged property (or comprised of more than one cross-collateralized mortgage loan) is based on allocated loan amounts as stated in Annex A-1.

 

 

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The mortgage loans will have the following approximate characteristics as of the cut-off date:

 

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan Characteristics*

 

   

All Mortgage Loans

  Initial Pool Balance $[___]
  Number of mortgage loans [___]
  Number of Mortgaged Properties [___]
  Number of crossed loan pools [___]
  Crossed loan pools as a percentage [___]%
  Range of Cut-off Date Balances $[___] to $[___]
  Average Cut-off Date Balance $[___]
  Range of Mortgage Rates [___]% to [___]%
  Weighted average Mortgage Rate [___]%
  Range of original terms to maturity [_] months to [_] months
  Weighted average original term to maturity [___] months
  Range of remaining terms to maturity [_] months to [_] months
  Weighted average remaining term to maturity [___] months
  Range of original amortization term [_] months to [_] months
  Weighted average original amortization term [___] months
  Range of remaining amortization terms [_] months to [_] months
  Weighted average remaining amortization term [___] months
  Range of LTV Ratios [___]% to [___]%
  Weighted average LTV Ratio [___]%
  Range of LTV Ratios as of the maturity date [___]% to [___]%
  Weighted average LTV Ratio as of the maturity date [___]%
  Range of UW NCF DSCR [___]x to [___]x
  Weighted average UW NCF DSCR [___]x
  Range of UW NOI Debt Yield  
  Weighted average UW NOI Debt Yield  
  Percentage of Initial Pool Balance consisting of:  
  Interest Only-Balloon [___]%
  Balloon [___]%
  Interest Only [___]%
  ARD-Interest Only [___]%
  ARD-Interest Only-Balloon [___]%
  ARD-Balloon [___]%

 

 

*[THESE ARE REPRESENTATIVE CHARACTERISTICS THAT WILL VARY FROM DEAL TO DEAL]

 

(1)Subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus 5%.

 

[#][Insert appropriate footnotes to identify material clarifications and explanations for the specific assets in the mortgage pool.]

 

[#]In the case of the [__] mortgage loans, collectively representing approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, each of which has one or more pari passu companion loans [or a subordinate companion loan that are not included in the issuing entity, the debt service coverage ratios, loan-to-value ratios and debt yield have been calculated including the related pari passu companion loans but excluding the related subordinate companion loan.

 

[#]Debt service coverage ratios are calculated using the average of the principal and interest payments for the first twelve payment periods of the mortgage loan following the cut-off date (but without regard to any leap year adjustments), provided that (i) in the case of a mortgage loan that provides for interest-only payments through maturity or its anticipated repayment date, as applicable, such items are calculated based on the interest payments scheduled to be due on the first due date following the cut-off date and the 11 due dates thereafter for such mortgage loan and (ii) in the case of a mortgage loan that provides for an initial interest-only period that ends prior to maturity or its anticipated repayment date, as applicable, and provides for scheduled amortization payments thereafter, such items are calculated based on the monthly payment of principal and interest payable immediately following the expiration of the interest-only period.

 

 

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[All] of the mortgage loans accrue interest on an actual/360 basis. [DESCRIBE ALTERNATIVE BASIS]

 

For further information regarding the Mortgage Loans, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool”.

 

Modified and Refinanced Loans As of the cut-off date, [none] of the mortgage loans were modified due to a delinquency.

 

Several of the mortgage loans were refinancings of loans in default at the time of refinancing and/or otherwise involved discounted pay-offs in connection with the origination of the mortgage loan as described below:

 

[INSERT RELEVANT INFORMATION]

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool”.

 

[Loans Underwritten Based on 

   Projections of Future Income [With respect to [__] of the mortgaged properties, representing approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (by allocated loan amount), such mortgaged properties (i) were constructed or the subject of a major renovation that was completed within 12 calendar months prior to the cut-off date and, therefore, the related mortgaged property has no or limited prior operating history, (ii) have a borrower or an affiliate under the related mortgage loan that acquired the related mortgaged property within 12 calendar months prior to the cut-off date and such borrower or affiliate was unable to provide the related mortgage loan seller with historical financial information for such acquired mortgaged property or (iii) are single tenant properties subject to triple-net leases with the related tenant where the related borrower did not provide the related mortgage loan seller with historical financial information for the related mortgaged property.

  

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool”.

 

[Certain Variances from

   Underwriting Standards Each sponsor maintains its own set of underwriting guidelines, which typically relate to credit and collateral analysis, loan approval, debt service coverage ratio and loan-to-value ratio analysis, assessment of property condition, escrow requirements and requirements regarding title insurance policy and property insurance. [Certain of the mortgage loans may vary from the underwriting guidelines described under “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators” with respect to the related third party materials requirements. See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators—Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC—The Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions to Underwriting Standards.” [Describe the nature of any material exceptions granted by the originator to its underwriting guidelines, including the number and percentage of loans with such exceptions.]]

 

 

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Additional Aspects of Certificates

 

DenominationsThe offered certificates with certificate balances that are initially offered and sold to purchasers will be issued in minimum denominations of $[____] and integral multiples of $1 in excess of $[____]. The certificates with notional amounts will be issued, maintained and transferred only in minimum denominations of authorized initial notional amounts of not less than $[_____] and in integral multiples of $1 in excess of $[_____].

 

Registration, Clearance and

   Settlement Each class of offered certificates will initially be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company, or DTC.

  

You may hold offered certificates through: (1) DTC in the United States; or (2) Clearstream Banking, S.A. or Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System. Transfers within DTC, Clearstream Banking, S.A. or Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System, will be made in accordance with the usual rules and operating procedures of those systems.

 

We may elect to terminate the book-entry system through DTC (with the consent of the DTC participants), Clearstream Banking, S.A. or Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System, with respect to all or any portion of any class of the offered certificates.

 

See “Description of the Certificates—Delivery, Form, Transfer and Denomination—Book-Entry Registration”.

 

Credit Risk Retention For a discussion on the manner in which [NAME OF SPONSORS REQUIRED TO SATISFY RISK RETENTION] have satisfied and intend to continue to satisfy their credit risk retention requirements, see “—Credit Risk Retention”.

 

Information Available to

   Certificateholders On each distribution date, the certificate administrator will prepare and make available to each certificateholder of record, initially expected to be Cede & Co., a statement as to the distributions being made on that date. Additionally, under certain circumstances, certificateholders of record may be entitled to certain other information regarding the issuing entity. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”.

 

Deal Information/Analytics Certain information concerning the mortgage loans and the certificates may be available to subscribers through the following services:

 

[Identify third party analysis providers to be used.]

 

The certificate administrator’s website initially located at www.[_____].com

 

The master servicer’s website initially located at www.[_____].com

 

 

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Optional Termination On any distribution date on which the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans is less than [___]%, certain entities specified in this prospectus will have the option to purchase all of the remaining mortgage loans (and all property acquired through exercise of remedies in respect of any mortgage loan) at the price specified in this prospectus.

 

The issuing entity may also be terminated in connection with a voluntary exchange of all the then-outstanding certificates (other than the Class [ARD], Class [__] and Class [R] certificates) for the mortgage loans held by the issuing entity, provided that (i) the Classes [_________], Class [EC] and Class [____] certificates are no longer outstanding, (ii) there is only one holder (or multiple holders acting unanimously) of the outstanding certificates (other than the Class [ARD], Class [__] and Class [R] certificates) and (iii) the master servicer consents to the exchange.

 

[Insert any series specific events that may trigger a liquidation or amortization of the asset pool, or otherwise alter the transaction structure or flow of funds in accordance with Item 1103(a)(3)(vii) of Regulation AB.]

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”.

 

Required Repurchases or
   Substitutions of Mortgage

   Loans; Loss of Value Payment Under certain circumstances, the related mortgage loan seller may be obligated to (i) repurchase (without payment of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) or substitute for an affected mortgage loan from the issuing entity or (ii) make a cash payment that would be deemed sufficient to compensate the issuing entity in the event of a document defect or a breach of a representation and warranty made by the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the mortgage loan in the mortgage loan purchase agreement that materially and adversely affects the value of the mortgage loan, the value of the related mortgaged property or the interests of any certificateholders in the mortgage loan or mortgaged property or causes the mortgage loan to be other than a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3) (but without regard to the rule of Treas. Reg. Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective loan to be treated as a “qualified mortgage”). See “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

  

Sale of Defaulted Loans Pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement, the special servicer is required to solicit offers for defaulted serviced mortgage loans (or a defaulted serviced whole loan) and/or related REO properties and accept the first (and, if multiple offers are received, the highest) cash offer from any person that constitutes a fair price for the defaulted serviced mortgage loan (or defaulted whole loan) or related REO property, determined as described in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans” and “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties”, unless the special servicer determines, in accordance with the servicing standard, that rejection of such

 

 

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  offer would be in the best interests of the certificateholders and the related pari passu companion loan holders (as a collective whole as if such certificateholders and such companion loan holders constituted a single lender and, with respect to a whole loan with a subordinate companion loan, taking into account the subordinate nature of such subordinate companion loan).

 

[If a non-serviced mortgage loan with a related pari passu companion loan becomes a defaulted mortgage loan and the special servicer under the related pooling and servicing agreement for the related pari passu companion loan determines to sell such pari passu companion loan, then that special servicer will be required to sell the non-serviced mortgage loan together with the related pari passu companion loan in a manner similar to that described above.] [See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”.]

 

[Any mortgage loan with associated mezzanine financing may be subject to a default-related purchase option on the part of the mezzanine lender.]

 

Tax Status Elections will be made to treat designated portions of the issuing entity (exclusive of (a) interest that is deferred after the anticipated repayment date of each mortgage loan with an anticipated repayment date and the excess interest distribution account and (b) the Class [A], Class [B] and Class [C] trust components and the related distribution account, beneficial ownership of which is represented by the exchangeable certificates and the Class [EC] certificates) as three separate REMICs – the [_______] trust subordinate companion loan REMIC, the lower-tier REMIC and the upper-tier REMIC – for federal income tax purposes.

 

In addition, the portions of the issuing entity consisting of (i) the excess interest accrued on the mortgage loan with an anticipated repayment date, beneficial ownership of which is represented by the [ARD Class] certificates and (ii) the Class [A], Class [B] and Class [C] trust components and the related distribution account, beneficial ownership of which is represented by the exchangeable certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, will be treated as a grantor trust for federal income tax purposes.

 

Pertinent federal income tax consequences of an investment in the offered certificates include:

 

Each class of offered certificates (other than the exchangeable certificates, the Class [EC] certificates, the [ARD Class] certificates and the Class R certificates) and the trust components will constitute REMIC “regular interests”.

 

The offered certificates (other than the exchangeable certificates, the Class [EC] certificates, the [ARD Class] certificates and the Class R certificates) and the trust components will be treated as newly originated debt instruments for federal income tax purposes.

 

 

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You will be required to report income on your offered certificates using the accrual method of accounting.

 

It is anticipated that the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates will be issued with original issue discount and that the Class [___] certificates will be issued at a premium for federal income tax purposes.

 

See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations”.

 

Certain ERISA Considerations Subject to important considerations described under “Certain ERISA Considerations”, the offered certificates are eligible for purchase by persons investing assets of employee benefit plans or individual retirement accounts.

 

Legal Investment [SPECIFY CLASSES] [None of the] certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities” for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended.

 

If your investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements, or review by regulatory authorities, then you may be subject to restrictions on investment in the certificates. You should consult your own legal advisors for assistance in determining the suitability of and consequences to you of the purchase, ownership, and sale of the certificates.

 

The issuing entity will not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity will not be relying upon Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a basis for not registering under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act (both as defined in this prospectus).

 

See “Legal Investment”.

 

RatingsThe offered certificates will not be issued unless each of the offered classes receives a credit rating from one or more of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor to rate the offered certificates. [The decision not to engage one or more other rating agencies in the rating of certain classes of certificates to be issued in connection with this transaction, may negatively impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of those classes of certificates. Neither the depositor nor any other person or entity will have any duty to notify you if any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization issues, or delivers notice of its intention to

 

 

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 issue, unsolicited ratings on one or more classes of certificates after the date of this prospectus.]

 

See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded” and “Ratings”.

 

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Summary of Risk Factors

 

Investing in the certificates involves risks. Any of the risks set forth in this prospectus under the heading “Risk Factors” may have a material adverse effect on the cash flow on one or more mortgaged properties, the related borrowers’ ability to meet their respective payment obligations under the mortgage loans, and/or on your certificates. As a result, the market price of the certificates could decline significantly and you could lose a part or all of your investment. You should carefully consider all the information set forth in this prospectus and, in particular, evaluate the risks set forth in this prospectus under the heading “Risk Factors” before deciding to invest in the certificates. The following is a summary of some of the principal risks associated with an investment in the certificates:

 

Special Risks

 

[COVID-19: Economic conditions and restrictions on enforcing landlord rights due to the COVID-19 pandemic and related governmental countermeasures may adversely affect the borrowers and/or the tenants and, therefore, the certificates. In addition, the underwriting of certain mortgage loans and the appraisals and property condition reports for certain mortgaged properties were conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and therefore may not reflect current conditions with respect to the mortgaged properties or the borrowers.]

 

Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans

 

 

Non-Recourse Loans: The mortgage loans are non-recourse loans, and in the event of a default on a mortgage loan, recourse generally may only be had against the specific mortgaged property(ies) and other assets that have been pledged to secure the mortgage loan. Consequently, payment on the certificates is dependent primarily on the sufficiency of the net operating income or market value of the mortgaged properties, each of which may be volatile.

 

 

 

 

Borrowers: Frequent and early occurrence of borrower delinquencies and defaults may adversely affect your investment. Bankruptcy proceedings involving borrowers, borrower organizational structures and additional debt incurred by a borrower or its sponsors may increase risk of loss. In addition, borrowers may be unable to refinance or repay their mortgage loans at the maturity date or anticipated repayment date.

 

 

Property Performance: Certificateholders are exposed to risks associated with the performance of the mortgaged properties, including location, competition, condition (including environmental conditions), maintenance, ownership, management, and litigation. Property values may decrease even when current operating income does not. The property type (e.g., [IDENTIFY PROPERTY TYPES INCLUDED IN MORTGAGE POOL]) may present additional risks.

 

 

Loan Concentration: Certain of the mortgage loans represent significant concentrations of the mortgage pool as of the cut-off date. A default on one or more of such mortgage loans may have a disproportionate impact on the performance of the certificates.

 

 

Property Type Concentration: Certain property types represent significant concentrations of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage pool as of the cut-off date, based on allocated loan amounts. Adverse developments with respect to those property types or related industries may have a disproportionate impact on the performance of the certificates.

 

 

Other Concentrations: Losses on loans to related borrowers or cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted loan groups, geographical concentration of the mortgaged properties, and concentration of tenants among the mortgaged properties, may disproportionately affect distributions on the offered certificates.

 

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Tenant Performance: The repayment of a commercial or multifamily mortgage loan is typically dependent upon the ability of the related mortgaged property to produce cash flow through the collection of rents. Therefore, the performance of the mortgage loans will be highly dependent on the performance of tenants and tenant leases.

 

 

 

 

Significant Tenants: Properties that are leased to a single tenant or a tenant that comprises a significant portion of the rental income are disproportionately susceptible to interruptions of cash flow in the event of a lease expiration or termination or a downturn in the tenant’s business.

 

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow: Underwritten net cash flow for the mortgaged properties could be based on incorrect or flawed assumptions.

 

 

Appraisals: Appraisals may not reflect the current or future market value of the mortgaged properties.

 

 

Inspections: Property inspections may not identify all conditions requiring repair or replacement.

 

 

Insurance: The absence or inadequacy of terrorism, fire, flood, earthquake and other insurance may adversely affect payment on the certificates.

 

 

Zoning: Changes in zoning laws may affect the ability to repair or restore a mortgaged property. Properties or structures considered to be “legal non-conforming” may not be able to be restored or rebuilt “as-is” following a casualty or loss.

 

Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest

 

 

Transaction Parties: Conflicts of interest may arise from the transaction parties’ relationships with each other or their economic interests in the transaction. 

 

 

 

 

Directing Holder and Companion Holders: Certain certificateholders and companion loan holders have control and/or consent rights regarding the servicing of the mortgage loans and related whole loans. Such rights include rights to remove and replace the special servicer without cause and/or to direct or recommend the special servicer or non-serviced special servicer to take actions that conflict with the interests of holders of certain classes of certificates. The right to remove and replace the special servicer may give the directing holder the ability to influence the special servicer’s servicing actions in a manner that may be more favorable to the directing holder relative to other certificateholders.

 

Other Risks Relating to the Certificates

 

 

Limited Obligations: The certificates will only represent ownership interests in the issuing entity, and will not be guaranteed by the sponsors, the depositor or any other person. The issuing entity’s assets may be insufficient to repay the offered certificates in full.

 

 

 

 

Uncertain Yields to Maturity: The offered certificates have uncertain yields to maturity. Prepayments on the underlying mortgage loans will affect the average lives of the certificates; and the rate and timing of prepayments may be highly unpredictable. Optional early termination of the issuing entity may also adversely impact your yield or may result in a loss.

 

 

Rating Agency Feedback: Future events could adversely impact the credit ratings and value of your certificates.

 

 

Limited Credit Support: Credit support provided by subordination of certain certificates is limited and may not be sufficient to prevent loss on the offered certificates.

 

 

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Risk Factors

 

You should carefully consider the following risks before making an investment decision. In particular, distributions on your certificates will depend on payments received on, and other recoveries with respect to the mortgage loans. Therefore, you should carefully consider the risk factors relating to the mortgage loans and the mortgaged properties.

 

If any of the following events or circumstances identified as risks actually occur or materialize, your investment could be materially and adversely affected. We note that additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us may also impair your investment.

 

This prospectus also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks described below and elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

[RISK FACTORS THAT ARE IDENTIFIED IN BRACKETS WILL BE REMOVED FROM TRANSACTIONS THAT DO NOT HAVE MORTGAGE LOANS, MORTGAGED PROPERTIES OR BORROWER/SPONSOR ENTITIES WITH THE DESCRIBED RISK FACTOR]

 

Special Risks

 

[TO BE UPDATED TO THE EXTENT NECESSARY TO PROVIDE A CURRENT DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC RISKS RELATED TO THE OFFER AND SALE OF THE SECURITIES]

 

Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans

 

Mortgage Loans Are Non-Recourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed

 

The mortgage loans are not insured or guaranteed by any person or entity, governmental or otherwise.

 

Investors should treat each mortgage loan as a non-recourse loan. If a default occurs, recourse generally may be had only against the specific mortgaged properties and other assets that have been pledged to secure the mortgage loan. Consequently, payment prior to maturity is dependent primarily on the sufficiency of the net operating income of the mortgaged property. Payment at maturity or anticipated repayment date is primarily dependent upon the market value of the mortgaged property or the borrower’s ability to refinance the mortgaged property.

 

Although the mortgage loans generally are non-recourse in nature, certain mortgage loans contain non-recourse carveouts for liabilities such as a result of fraud by the borrower, certain voluntary insolvency proceedings or other matters. Certain mortgage loans set forth under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Non-Recourse Carveout Limitations” either do not contain non-recourse carveouts or contain material limitations to non-recourse carveouts. Often these obligations are guaranteed by an affiliate of the related borrower, although liability under any such guaranty may be capped or otherwise limited in amount or scope. Furthermore, the guarantor’s net worth and liquidity may be less (and in some cases, materially less) than amounts due under the related mortgage loan or the guarantor’s sole asset may be its interest in the related borrower. Certain mortgage loans may have the benefit of a general payment guaranty of a portion of the indebtedness under the mortgage loan. In all cases, however, the mortgage loans should be considered to be non-recourse obligations because neither the depositor nor the sponsors make any representation or warranty as to the obligation or ability of any borrower or guarantor to pay any deficiencies between any foreclosure proceeds and the mortgage loan indebtedness.

 

Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally

 

The mortgage loans will be secured by various income producing commercial and multifamily properties. The repayment of a commercial or multifamily loan is typically dependent upon the ability of

 

 

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the related mortgaged property to produce cash flow through the collection of rents. Even the liquidation value of a commercial property is determined, in substantial part, by the capitalization of the property’s ability to produce cash flow. However, net operating income can be volatile and may be insufficient to cover debt service on the loan at any given time.

 

The net operating incomes and property values of the mortgaged properties may be adversely affected by a large number of factors. Some of these factors relate to the properties themselves, such as:

 

 

the age, design and construction quality of the properties;

 

 

 

 

perceptions regarding the safety, convenience and attractiveness of the properties;

 

 

the characteristics and desirability of the area where the property is located;

 

 

the strength and nature of the local economy, including labor costs and quality, tax environment and quality of life for employees;

 

 

the proximity and attractiveness of competing properties;

 

 

the adequacy of the property’s management and maintenance;

 

 

increases in interest rates, real estate taxes and operating expenses at the property and in relation to competing properties;

 

 

an increase in the capital expenditures needed to maintain the properties or make improvements;

 

 

a decline in the businesses operated by tenants or in their financial condition;

 

 

an increase in vacancy rates; and

 

 

a decline in rental rates as leases are renewed or entered into with new tenants.

 

Other factors are more general in nature, such as:

 

 

national or regional economic conditions, including plant closings, military base closings, industry slowdowns, oil and/or gas drilling facility slowdowns or closings and unemployment rates;

 

 

 

 

local real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of competing properties, retail space, office space, multifamily housing or hotel capacity;

 

 

demographic factors;

 

 

consumer confidence;

 

 

consumer tastes and preferences;

 

 

retroactive changes in building codes;

 

 

changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments;

 

 

location of certain mortgaged properties in less densely populated or less affluent areas; and

 

 

the public perception of safety for customers and clients.

 

The volatility of net operating income will be influenced by many of the foregoing factors, as well as by:

 

 

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the length of tenant leases (including that in certain cases, all or substantially all of the tenants, or one or more sole, anchor or other major tenants, at a particular mortgaged property may have leases that expire or permit the tenant(s) to terminate its lease during the term of the loan);

 

 

 

 

the quality and creditworthiness of tenants;

 

 

tenant defaults;

 

 

in the case of rental properties, the rate at which new rentals occur; and

 

 

the property’s “operating leverage”, which is generally the percentage of total property expenses in relation to revenue, the ratio of fixed operating expenses to those that vary with revenues, and the level of capital expenditures required to maintain the property and to retain or replace tenants.

 

A decline in the real estate market or in the financial condition of a major tenant will tend to have a more immediate effect on the net operating income of properties with relatively higher operating leverage or short term revenue sources, such as short term or month to month leases, and may lead to higher rates of delinquency or defaults.

 

Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases

 

General Any tenant may, from time to time, experience a downturn in its business, which may weaken its financial condition and result in a reduction or failure to make rental payments when due. If tenants’ sales were to decline, percentage rents may decline and, further, tenants may be unable to pay their base rent or other occupancy costs. If a tenant defaults in its obligations to a property owner, that property owner may experience delays in enforcing its rights as lessor and may incur substantial costs and experience significant delays associated with protecting its investment, including costs incurred in renovating and reletting the property.

 

Additionally, the income from, and market value of, the mortgaged properties leased to various tenants would be adversely affected if:

 

 

space in the mortgaged properties could not be leased or re-leased or substantial re-leasing costs were required and/or the cost of performing landlord obligations under existing leases materially increased;

 

 

 

 

leasing or re-leasing is restricted by exclusive rights of tenants to lease the mortgaged properties or other covenants not to lease space for certain uses or activities, or covenants limiting the types of tenants to which space may be leased;

 

 

a significant tenant were to become a debtor in a bankruptcy case;

 

 

rental payments could not be collected for any other reason; or

 

 

a borrower fails to perform its obligations under a lease resulting in the related tenant having a right to terminate such lease.

 

Certain tenants currently may be in a rent abatement period. We cannot assure you that such tenants will be in a position to pay full rent when the abatement period expires. We cannot assure you that the net operating income contributed by the mortgaged properties will remain at its current or past levels.

 

A Tenant Concentration May Result in Increased Losses Mortgaged properties that are owner-occupied or leased to a single tenant, or a tenant that makes up a significant portion of the rental income, also are more susceptible to interruptions of cash flow if that tenant’s business operations are negatively impacted or if such tenant fails to renew its lease. This is so because:

 

 

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the financial effect of the absence of rental income may be severe;

 

 

more time may be required to re-lease the space; and

 

 

substantial capital costs may be incurred to make the space appropriate for replacement tenants.

 

In the event of a default by that tenant, if the related lease expires prior to the mortgage loan maturity date and the related tenant fails to renew its lease or if such tenant exercises an early termination option, there would likely be an interruption of rental payments under the lease and, accordingly, insufficient funds available to the borrower to pay the debt service on the mortgage loan. In certain cases where the tenant owns the improvements on the mortgaged property, the related borrower may be required to purchase such improvements in connection with the exercise of its remedies.

 

With respect to certain of these mortgaged properties that are leased to a single tenant, the related leases may expire prior to, or soon after, the maturity dates of the mortgage loans or the related tenant may have the right to terminate the lease prior to the maturity date of the mortgage loan. If the current tenant does not renew its lease on comparable economic terms to the expired lease, if a single tenant terminates its lease or if a suitable replacement tenant does not enter into a new lease on similar economic terms, there could be a negative impact on the payments on the related mortgage loan.

 

A deterioration in the financial condition of a tenant, the failure of a tenant to renew its lease or the exercise by a tenant of an early termination right can be particularly significant if a mortgaged property is owner-occupied, leased to a single tenant, or if any tenant makes up a significant portion of the rental income at the mortgaged property.

 

Concentrations of particular tenants among the mortgaged properties or within a particular business or industry at one or multiple mortgaged properties increase the possibility that financial problems with such tenants or such business or industry sectors could affect the mortgage loans. In addition, the mortgage loans may be adversely affected if a tenant at the mortgaged property is highly specialized, or dependent on a single industry or only a few customers for its revenue. See “—Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease” below, and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Tenant Concentrations” for information on tenant concentrations in the mortgage pool.

 

Mortgaged Properties Leased to Multiple Tenants Also Have Risks If a mortgaged property has multiple tenants, re-leasing expenditures may be more frequent than in the case of mortgaged properties with fewer tenants, thereby reducing the cash flow available for payments on the related mortgage loan. Multi-tenant mortgaged properties also may experience higher continuing vacancy rates and greater volatility in rental income and expenses. See Annex A-1 for tenant lease expiration dates for the five largest tenants at each mortgaged property.

 

Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks If a mortgaged property is leased in whole or substantial part to the borrower under the mortgage loan or to an affiliate of the borrower, there may be conflicts. For instance, it is more likely a landlord will waive lease conditions for an affiliated tenant than it would for an unaffiliated tenant. We cannot assure you that the conflicts arising where a borrower is affiliated with a tenant at a mortgaged property will not adversely impact the value of the related mortgage loan.

 

In certain cases, an affiliated lessee may be a tenant under a master lease with the related borrower, under which the tenant is obligated to make rent payments but does not occupy any space at the mortgaged property. Master leases in these circumstances may be used to bring occupancy to a “stabilized” level with the intent of finding additional tenants to occupy some of all of the master leased space, but may not provide additional economic support for the mortgage loan. If a mortgaged property is leased in whole or substantial part to the borrower or to an affiliate of the borrower, a deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower or its affiliates could significantly affect the borrower’s ability to perform under the mortgage loan as it would directly interrupt the cash flow from the mortgaged property if the borrower’s or its affiliate’s financial condition worsens. We cannot assure you that any space leased by a borrower or an affiliate of the borrower will eventually be occupied by third party tenants.

 

 

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See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Affiliated Leases” for information on properties leased in whole or in part to borrowers and their affiliates.

 

Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease The bankruptcy or insolvency of a major tenant or a number of smaller tenants, such as in retail properties, may have an adverse impact on the mortgaged properties affected and the income produced by such mortgaged properties. Under the federal bankruptcy code, a tenant has the option of assuming or rejecting or, subject to certain conditions, assuming and assigning to a third party, any unexpired lease. If the tenant rejects the lease, the landlord’s claim for breach of the lease would (absent collateral securing the claim) be treated as a general unsecured claim against the tenant and a lessor’s damages for lease rejection are generally subject to certain limitations. We cannot assure you that tenants of the mortgaged properties will continue making payments under their leases or that tenants will not file for bankruptcy protection in the future or, if any tenants do file, that they will continue to make rental payments in a timely manner. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” for information regarding bankruptcy issues with respect to certain mortgage loans.

 

Leases That Are Not Subordinated to the Lien of the Mortgage or Do Not Contain Attornment Provisions May Have an Adverse Impact at Foreclosure In certain jurisdictions, if tenant leases are subordinated to the liens created by the mortgage but do not contain attornment provisions that require the tenant to subordinate the lease if the mortgagee agrees to enter into a non-disturbance agreement, the tenants may terminate their leases upon the transfer of the property to a foreclosing lender or purchaser at foreclosure. Accordingly, if a mortgaged property is located in such a jurisdiction and is leased to one or more desirable tenants under leases that are subordinate to the mortgage and do not contain attornment provisions, such mortgaged property could experience a further decline in value if such tenants’ leases were terminated. This is particularly likely if those tenants were paying above-market rents or could not be replaced. If a lease is not subordinate to a mortgage, the issuing entity will not possess the right to dispossess the tenant upon foreclosure of the mortgaged property (unless otherwise agreed to with the tenant). Also, if the lease contains provisions inconsistent with the mortgage (e.g., provisions relating to application of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards) or which could affect the enforcement of the lender’s rights (e.g., a right of first refusal to purchase the property), the provisions of the lease will take precedence over the provisions of the mortgage. Not all leases were reviewed to ascertain the existence of attornment or subordination provisions.

 

With respect to certain of the mortgage loans, the related borrower may have given to certain tenants or others an option to purchase, a right of first refusal and/or a right of first offer to purchase all or a portion of the mortgaged property in the event a sale is contemplated, and such right is not subordinate to the related mortgage. This may impede the mortgagee’s ability to sell the related mortgaged property at foreclosure, or, upon foreclosure, this may affect the value and/or marketability of the related mortgaged property. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Purchase Options and Rights of First Refusal” for information regarding material purchase options and/or rights of first refusal, if any, with respect to mortgaged properties securing certain mortgage loans.

 

Early Lease Termination Options May Reduce Cash Flow Leases often give tenants the right to terminate the related lease, abate or reduce the related rent, and/or exercise certain remedies against the related borrower for various reasons or upon various conditions, including:

 

 

if the borrower for the applicable mortgaged property allows uses at the mortgaged property in violation of use restrictions in current tenant leases,

 

 

 

 

if the borrower or any of its affiliates owns other properties within a certain radius of the mortgaged property and allows uses at those properties in violation of use restrictions,

 

 

if the related borrower fails to provide a designated number of parking spaces,

 

 

if there is construction at the related mortgaged property or an adjacent property (whether or not such adjacent property is owned or controlled by the borrower or any of its affiliates) that may

 

 

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interfere with visibility of, access to or a tenant’s use of the mortgaged property or otherwise violate the terms of a tenant’s lease,

 

 

upon casualty or condemnation with respect to all or a portion of the mortgaged property that renders such mortgaged property unsuitable for a tenant’s use or if the borrower fails to rebuild such mortgaged property within a certain time,

 

 

 

 

if a tenant’s use is not permitted by zoning or applicable law,

 

 

if the tenant is unable to exercise an expansion right,

 

 

if the landlord defaults on its obligations under the lease,

 

 

if a landlord leases space at the mortgaged property or within a certain radius of the mortgaged property to a competitor,

 

 

if the tenant fails to meet certain sales targets or other business objectives for a specified period of time,

 

 

if significant tenants at the subject property go dark or terminate their leases, or if a specified percentage of the mortgaged property is unoccupied,

 

 

if the landlord violates the tenant’s exclusive use rights for a specified period of time,

 

 

if the related borrower violates covenants under the related lease or if third parties take certain actions that adversely affect such tenants’ business or operations,

 

 

in the case of government sponsored tenants, any time or for lack of appropriations, or

 

 

if the related borrower violates covenants under the related lease or if third parties take certain actions that adversely affect such tenants’ business or operations.

 

In certain cases, compliance or satisfaction of landlord covenants may be the responsibility of a third party affiliated with the borrower or, in the event that partial releases of the applicable mortgaged property are permitted, an unaffiliated or affiliated third party.

 

Any exercise of a termination right by a tenant at a mortgaged property could result in vacant space at the related mortgaged property, renegotiation of the lease with the related tenant or re-letting of the space. Any such vacated space may not be re-let. Furthermore, such foregoing termination and/or abatement rights may arise in the future or materially adversely affect the related borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under the related loan documents. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Lease Expirations and Terminations” for information on material tenant lease expirations and early termination options.

 

Mortgaged Properties Leased to Not-for-Profit Tenants Also Have Risk Certain mortgaged properties may have tenants that are charitable institutions that generally rely on contributions from individuals and government grants or other subsidies to pay rent on office space and other operating expenses. We cannot assure you that the rate, frequency and level of individual contributions or governmental grants and subsidies will continue with respect to any such institution. A reduction in contributions or grants may impact the ability of the related institution to pay rent, and we cannot assure you that the related borrower will be in a position to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan documents if such tenant fails to pay its rent.

 

[Retail Properties Have Special Risks

 

The value of retail properties is significantly affected by the quality of the tenants as well as fundamental aspects of real estate, such as location and market demographics, as further described in

 

 

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—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above. The correlation between success of tenant business and a retail property’s value may be more direct with respect to retail properties than other types of commercial property because a component of the total rent paid by certain retail tenants is often tied to a percentage of gross sales.

 

Whether a retail property is “anchored”, “shadow anchored” or “unanchored” is also an important consideration. Retail properties that have anchor tenant-owned stores often have reciprocal easement and/or operating agreements (each, an “REA”) between the retail property owner and such anchor tenants containing certain operating and maintenance covenants. Although an anchor tenant is often required to pay a contribution toward common area maintenance and real estate taxes on the improvements and related real property, an anchor tenant that owns its own parcel does not pay rent. However, the presence or absence of an “anchor tenant” or a “shadow anchor tenant” in or near a retail property also can be important because anchors play a key role in generating customer traffic and making a retail property desirable for other tenants. Many of the retail properties that will secure one or more mortgage loans will also have shadow anchor tenants. An “anchor tenant” is located on the related mortgaged property, usually proportionately larger in size than most or all other tenants in the mortgaged property and is vital in attracting customers to a retail property. A “shadow anchor tenant” is usually proportionally larger in size than most tenants in the mortgaged property, is important in attracting customers to a retail property and is located sufficiently close and convenient to the mortgaged property so as to influence and attract potential customers, but is not located on the mortgaged property.

 

The economic performance of an anchored or shadow anchored retail property will consequently be adversely affected by:

 

 

an anchor tenant’s or shadow anchor tenant’s failure to renew its lease or the termination of an anchor tenant’s or shadow anchor tenant’s lease;

 

 

 

 

if the anchor tenant or shadow anchor tenant decides to vacate;

 

 

the bankruptcy or economic decline of an anchor tenant, shadow anchor or self-owned anchor; or

 

 

the cessation of the business of an anchor tenant, a shadow anchor tenant or of a self-owned anchor or a change in use or in the nature of its retail operations (notwithstanding its continued payment of rent).

 

If anchor stores in a mortgaged property were to close, the related borrower may be unable to replace those anchors in a timely manner or without suffering adverse economic consequences. In addition, it is common for anchor tenants and non-anchor tenants at anchored or shadowed anchored retail centers to have co-tenancy clauses and/or operating covenants in their leases or operating agreements that permit those tenants or anchor stores to cease operating, reduce rent or terminate their leases if the anchor or shadow anchor tenant goes dark. Even if non-anchor tenants do not have termination or rent abatement rights, because the anchor or shadow anchor tenant plays a key role in generating customer traffic and making a center desirable for other tenants, the loss of an anchor tenant may have a material adverse impact on the non-anchor tenant’s ability to operate, which may in turn adversely impact the borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under the related loan documents. In addition, in the event that a “shadow anchor” fails to renew its lease, terminates its lease or otherwise ceases to conduct business within a close proximity to the mortgaged property, customer traffic at the mortgaged property may be substantially reduced. If an anchor tenant goes dark, generally the borrower’s only remedy is to terminate that lease after the anchor tenant has been dark for a specified amount of time.

 

We cannot assure you that if anchor tenants or shadow anchor tenants at a particular mortgaged property were to close or otherwise become vacant or remain vacant, such anchor tenants or shadow anchor tenants, as applicable, would be replaced in a timely manner or, if part of the collateral for the related mortgage loan, without incurring material additional costs to the related borrower and resulting in adverse economic effects.

 

 

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Certain of the tenants or anchor tenants of the retail properties may have operating covenants in their leases or operating agreements which permit those tenants or anchor tenants to cease operating, reduce rent or terminate their leases if the subject store is not meeting the minimum sales requirement under its lease.

 

In addition, the limited adaptability of certain shopping malls that have proven unprofitable may result in high (and possibly extremely high) loss severities on mortgage loans secured by those shopping malls. For example, it is possible that a significant amount of advances made by the applicable servicer(s) of a mortgage loan secured by a shopping mall property, combined with low liquidation proceeds in respect of that property, may result in a loss severity exceeding 100% of the outstanding principal balance of that mortgage loan.

 

Certain anchor tenant and tenant estoppels will have been obtained in connection with the origination of the mortgage loans that may identify disputes between the related borrower and the applicable anchor tenant or tenant, or alleged defaults or potential defaults by the applicable property owner under the lease or REA. Such disputes, defaults or potential defaults, could lead to a termination or attempted termination of the applicable lease or REA by the anchor tenant or tenant or to litigation against the related borrower. We cannot assure you that these anchor tenant and tenant disputes will not have a material adverse effect on the ability of the related borrowers to repay their portion of the mortgage loan. In addition, we cannot assure you that the anchor tenant or tenant estoppels obtained identify all potential disputes that may arise with anchor tenants or tenants who did not provide estoppels prior to origination. We cannot assure you that the failure to have obtained related estoppel information will not have a material adverse effect on the related mortgage loans.

 

Rental payments from tenants of retail properties typically comprise the largest portion of the net operating income of those mortgaged properties. We cannot assure you that the rate of occupancy at the stores will remain at the levels described in this prospectus or that the net operating income contributed by the mortgaged properties will remain at the level specified in this prospectus or past levels.

 

Retail properties also face competition from sources outside a given real estate market. For example, all of the following compete with more traditional retail properties for consumer dollars: factory outlet centers, discount shopping centers and clubs, catalogue retailers, home shopping networks, internet websites, and telemarketing. Continued growth of these alternative retail outlets (which often have lower operating costs) could adversely affect the rents collectible at the retail properties included in the pool of mortgage loans, as well as the income from, and market value of, the mortgaged properties and the related borrower’s ability to refinance such property. Moreover, additional competing retail properties may be built in the areas where the retail properties are located.

 

Certain retail properties have specialty use tenants. See “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses” below.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Retail Properties”.]

 

[Office Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of office properties, including:

 

 

the physical attributes of the building in relation to competing buildings (e.g., age, condition, design, appearance, access to transportation and ability to offer certain amenities, such as sophisticated building systems and/or business wiring requirements);

 

 

 

 

the adaptability of the building to changes in the technological needs of the tenants;

 

 

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an adverse change in population, patterns of telecommuting or sharing of office space, and employment growth (which creates demand for office space); and

 

 

 

 

in the case of medical office properties, the performance of a medical office property may depend on (a) the proximity of such property to a hospital or other healthcare establishment, (b) reimbursements for patient fees from private or government sponsored insurers, (c) its ability to attract doctors and nurses to be on staff, and (d) its ability to afford and acquire the latest medical equipment. Issues related to reimbursement (ranging from nonpayment to delays in payment) from such insurers could adversely impact cash flow at such mortgaged property.

 

Moreover, the cost of refitting office space for a new tenant is often higher than the cost of refitting other types of properties for new tenants.

 

If one or more major tenants at a particular office property were to close or remain vacant, we cannot assure you that such tenants would be replaced in a timely manner or without incurring material additional costs to the related borrower and resulting in an adverse effect on the financial performance of the property.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Office Properties”.]

 

[Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of multifamily properties, including:

 

 

the quality of property management;

 

 

 

 

the ability of management to provide adequate maintenance and insurance;

 

 

the types of services or amenities that the property provides;

 

 

the property’s reputation;

 

 

the level of mortgage interest rates, which may encourage tenants to purchase rather than lease housing;

 

 

the generally short terms of residential leases and the need for continued reletting;

 

 

rent concessions and month-to-month leases, which may impact cash flow at the property;

 

 

the tenant mix, such as the tenant population being predominantly students or being heavily dependent on workers from a particular business or industry or personnel from or workers related to a local military base or oil and/or gas drilling industries;

 

 

in the case of student housing facilities or properties leased primarily to students, which may be more susceptible to damage or wear and tear than other types of multifamily housing, the reliance on the financial well-being of the college or university to which it relates, competition from on campus housing units, which may adversely affect occupancy, the physical layout of the housing, which may not be readily convertible to traditional multifamily use, and that student tenants have a higher turnover rate than other types of multifamily tenants, which in certain cases is compounded by the fact that student leases are available for periods of less than 12 months;

 

 

certain multifamily properties may be considered to be “flexible apartment properties”. Such properties have a significant percentage of units leased to tenants under short-term leases (less

 

 

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than one year in term), which creates a higher turnover rate than for other types of multifamily properties;

 

 

restrictions on the age of tenants who may reside at the property;

 

 

 

 

dependence upon governmental programs that provide rent subsidies to tenants pursuant to tenant voucher programs, which vouchers may be used at other properties and influence tenant mobility;

 

 

adverse local, regional or national economic conditions, which may limit the amount of rent that may be charged and may result in a reduction of timely rent payments or a reduction in occupancy levels;

 

 

state and local regulations, which may affect the building owner’s ability to increase rent to market rent for an equivalent apartment; and

 

 

the existence of government assistance/rent subsidy programs, and whether or not they continue and provide the same level of assistance or subsidies.

 

Certain states regulate the relationship of an owner and its tenants. Commonly, these laws require a written lease, good cause for eviction, disclosure of fees, and notification to residents of changed land use, while prohibiting unreasonable rules, retaliatory evictions, and restrictions on a resident’s choice of unit vendors. Apartment building owners have been the subject of suits under state “Unfair and Deceptive Practices Acts” and other general consumer protection statutes for coercive, abusive or unconscionable leasing and sales practices. A few states offer more significant protection. For example, there are provisions that limit the bases on which a landlord may terminate a tenancy or increase its rent or prohibit a landlord from terminating a tenancy solely by reason of the sale of the owner’s building.

 

In addition to state regulation of the landlord tenant relationship, numerous counties and municipalities impose rent control on apartment buildings. These ordinances may limit rent increases to fixed percentages, to percentages of increases in the consumer price index, to increases set or approved by a governmental agency, or to increases determined through mediation or binding arbitration. Any limitations on a borrower’s ability to raise property rents may impair such borrower’s ability to repay its multifamily loan from its net operating income or the proceeds of a sale or refinancing of the related multifamily property.

 

Certain of the mortgage loans may be secured in the future by mortgaged properties that are subject to certain affordable housing covenants and other covenants and restrictions with respect to various tax credit, city, state and federal housing subsidies, rent stabilization or similar programs, in respect of various units within the mortgaged properties. The limitations and restrictions imposed by these programs could result in losses on the mortgage loans. In addition, in the event that the program is cancelled, it could result in less income for the project. These programs may include, among others:

 

 

rent limitations that would adversely affect the ability of borrowers to increase rents to maintain the condition of their mortgaged properties and satisfy operating expense; and

 

 

 

 

tenant income restrictions that may reduce the number of eligible tenants in those mortgaged properties and result in a reduction in occupancy rates.

 

The difference in rents between subsidized or supported properties and other multifamily rental properties in the same area may not be a sufficient economic incentive for some eligible tenants to reside at a subsidized or supported property that may have fewer amenities or be less attractive as a residence. As a result, occupancy levels at a subsidized or supported property may decline, which may adversely affect the value and successful operation of such property.

 

Certain of the multifamily properties may be residential cooperative buildings and the land under the building are owned or leased by a non-profit residential cooperative corporation. The cooperative owns all

 

 

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the units in the building and all common areas. Its tenants own stock, shares or membership certificates in the corporation. This ownership entitles the tenant-stockholders to proprietary leases or occupancy agreements which confer exclusive rights to occupy specific units. Generally, the tenant-stockholders make monthly maintenance payments which represent their share of the cooperative corporation’s mortgage loan payments, real property taxes, reserve contributions and capital expenditures, maintenance and other expenses, less any income the corporation may receive. These payments are in addition to any payments of principal and interest the tenant-stockholder may be required to make on any loans secured by its shares in the cooperative.

 

A number of factors may adversely affect the value and successful operation of a residential cooperative property. Some of these factors include:

 

 

the primary dependence of a borrower upon maintenance payments and any rental income from units or commercial areas to meet debt service obligations;

 

 

 

 

the initial concentration of shares relating to occupied rental units of the sponsor, owner or investor after conversion from rental housing, which may result in an inability to meet debt service obligations on the residential cooperative corporation’s mortgage loan if the sponsor, owner or investor is unable to make the required maintenance payments;

 

 

the failure of a borrower to qualify for favorable tax treatment as a “cooperative housing corporation” each year, which may reduce the cash flow available to make payments on the related mortgage loan; and

 

 

that, upon foreclosure, in the event a cooperative property becomes a rental property, certain units could be subject to rent control, stabilization and tenants’ rights laws, at below market rents, which may affect rental income levels and the marketability and sale proceeds of the rental property as a whole.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Multifamily Properties”.]

 

[Hotel Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” above, various other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of hotel properties, including:

 

 

adverse economic and social conditions, either local, regional or national (which may limit the amount that can be charged for a room and reduce occupancy levels);

 

 

 

 

continuing expenditures for modernizing, refurbishing and maintaining existing facilities prior to the expiration of their anticipated useful lives;

 

 

ability to convert to alternative uses which may not be readily made;

 

 

a deterioration in the financial strength or managerial capabilities of the owner or operator of a hotel property;

 

 

changes in travel patterns caused by general adverse economic conditions, fear of terrorist attacks, adverse weather conditions and changes in access, energy prices, strikes, travel costs, relocation of highways, the construction of additional highways, concerns about travel safety or other factors; and

 

 

relative illiquidity of hospitality investments which limits the ability of the borrowers and property managers to respond to changes in economic or other conditions.

 

 

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Because rooms are generally rented for short periods of time, the financial performance of hotel properties tends to be affected by adverse economic conditions and competition more quickly than other commercial properties. Additionally, as a result of high operating costs, relatively small decreases in revenue can cause significant stress on a property’s cash flow.

 

Moreover, the hospitality and lodging industry is generally seasonal in nature and different seasons affect different hotel properties differently depending on type and location. This seasonality can be expected to cause periodic fluctuations in a hotel property’s room and restaurant revenues, occupancy levels, room rates and operating expenses. We cannot assure you that cash flow will be sufficient to offset any shortfalls that occur at the mortgaged property during slower periods or that the related mortgage loans provide for seasonality reserves, or if seasonality reserves are provided for, that such reserves will be funded or will be sufficient or available to fund such shortfalls.

 

In addition, some of the hotel properties are limited-service, select service or extended stay hotels. Hotel properties that are limited-service, select service or extended stay hotels may subject a lender to more risk than full-service hotel properties as they generally require less capital for construction than full-service hotel properties. In addition, as limited-service, select service or extended stay hotels generally offer fewer amenities than full-service hotel properties, they are less distinguishable from each other. As a result, it is easier for limited-service, select service or extended stay hotels to experience increased or unforeseen competition.

 

In addition to hotel operations, some hotel properties also operate entertainment complexes that include restaurants, lounges, nightclubs and/or banquet and meeting spaces and may derive a significant portion of the related property’s revenue from such operations. Consumer demand for entertainment resorts is particularly sensitive to downturns in the economy and the corresponding impact on discretionary spending on leisure activities. Changes in discretionary consumer spending or consumer preferences could be driven by factors such as perceived or actual general economic conditions, high energy, fuel and food costs, the increased cost of travel, the weakened job market, perceived or actual disposable consumer income and wealth, fears of recession and changes in consumer confidence in the economy, or fears of war and future acts of terrorism. These factors could reduce consumer demand for the leisure activities that the property offers, thus imposing practical limits on pricing and harming operations. Restaurants and nightclubs are particularly vulnerable to changes in consumer preferences. In addition, a nightclub’s, restaurant’s or bar’s revenue is extremely dependent on its popularity and perception. These characteristics are subject to change rapidly and we cannot assure you that any of a hotel property’s nightclubs, restaurants or bars will maintain their current level of popularity or perception in the market. Any such change could have a material adverse effect on the net cash flow of the property.

 

Some of the hotel properties have liquor licenses associated with the mortgaged property. The liquor licenses for these mortgaged properties are generally held by affiliates of the related borrowers, unaffiliated managers or operating lessees. The laws and regulations relating to liquor licenses generally prohibit the transfer of such licenses to any person, or condition such transfer on the prior approval of the governmental authority that issued the license. In the event of a foreclosure of a hotel property that holds a liquor license, the special servicer on behalf of the issuing entity or a purchaser in a foreclosure sale would likely have to apply for a new license, which might not be granted or might be granted only after a delay that could be significant. We cannot assure you that a new license could be obtained promptly or at all. The lack of a liquor license in a hotel property could have an adverse impact on the revenue from the related mortgaged property or on the hotel property’s occupancy rate.

 

In addition, there may be risks associated with hotel properties that have not entered into or become a party to any franchise agreement, license agreement or other “flag”. Hotel properties often enter into these types of agreements in order to align the hotel property with a certain public perception or to benefit from a centralized reservation system. We cannot assure you that hotel properties that lack such benefits will be able to operate successfully on an independent basis.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Hotel Properties”.]

 

 

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[Risks Relating to Affiliation with a Franchise or Hotel Management Company

 

The performance of a hotel property affiliated with a franchise or hotel management company depends in part on:

 

 

the continued existence and financial strength of the franchisor or hotel management company;

 

 

 

 

the public perception of the franchise or hotel chain service mark; and

 

 

the duration of the franchise licensing or management agreements.

 

The continuation of a franchise agreement or management agreement is subject to specified operating standards and other terms and conditions set forth in such agreements. The failure of a borrower to maintain such standards or adhere to other applicable terms and conditions, such as property improvement plans, could result in the loss or cancellation of their rights under the franchise or hotel management company agreement or management agreement. We cannot assure you that a replacement franchise could be obtained in the event of termination. In addition, replacement franchises and/or hotel property managers may require significantly higher fees as well as the investment of capital to bring the hotel property into compliance with the requirements of the replacement franchisor and/or hotel property managers. Any provision in a franchise agreement or management agreement providing for termination because of a bankruptcy of a franchisor or manager generally will not be enforceable.

 

The transferability of franchise agreements, license agreements and the property management agreements is restricted. In the event of a foreclosure, the lender may not have the right to use the franchise license without the franchisor’s consent or the manager might be able to terminate the management agreement. Conversely, in the case of certain mortgage loans, the lender may be unable to remove a franchisor/licensor or a hotel management company that it desires to replace following a foreclosure and, further, may be limited as regards the pool of potential transferees for a foreclosure or real estate owned property.

 

In some cases where a hotel property is subject to a license or franchise agreement, the licensor or franchisor has required or may in the future require the completion of various repairs and/or renovations pursuant to a property improvement plan issued by the franchisor. Failure to complete those repairs and/or renovations in accordance with the plan could result in the hotel property losing its license or franchise. Annex A-1 and the related footnotes set forth the amount of reserves, if any, established under the related mortgage loans in connection with any of those repairs and/or renovations. We cannot assure you that any amounts reserved will be sufficient to complete the repairs and/or renovations required with respect to any affected hotel property. In addition, in some cases, those reserves will be maintained by the franchisor or property manager. Furthermore, the lender may not require a reserve for repairs and/or renovations in all instances.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Hotel Properties”.]

 

[Marina Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” above, various other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of marina properties, including:

 

 

local, national and regional economic conditions;

 

 

 

 

decreased demand for luxury goods, such as boats;

 

 

changes in travel patterns, which may be caused by changes in gasoline prices and other costs of travel and demographics;

 

 

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the existence or construction of competing properties;

 

 

 

 

geographic location and dependence on tourism;

 

 

natural disasters (particularly floods and hurricanes);

 

 

the seasonal nature of the marina industry; and

 

 

government regulations, including those that govern the use of and construction on rivers, lakes and other waterways.

 

Such adverse effects could take the form of a reduction in the amounts that can be charged for boat storage and/or decreased occupancy levels at the property. Marinas and related businesses tend to respond to adverse economic conditions more quickly than do other types of commercial properties. Furthermore, a significant number of the tenants at the marina may have month-to-month leases, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the property’s performance to adverse economic conditions. The marina industry is generally seasonal in nature and, as a result, periodic fluctuations are common with respect to boat sales and other revenues, occupancy levels and operating expenses. Additionally, a marina may not be readily converted to alternative uses, and any such conversion may require substantial capital expenditures.]

 

[Self-Storage Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of self-storage properties, including:

 

 

decreased demand;

 

 

 

 

lack of proximity to apartment complexes or commercial users;

 

 

apartment tenants moving to single family homes;

 

 

decline in services rendered, including security;

 

 

dependence on business activity ancillary to renting units;

 

 

security concerns;

 

 

age of improvements; or

 

 

competition or other factors.

 

Self-storage properties are considered vulnerable to competition, because both acquisition costs and break-even occupancy are relatively low. The conversion of self-storage facilities to alternative uses would generally require substantial capital expenditures. Thus, if the operation of any of the self-storage properties becomes unprofitable, the liquidation value of that self-storage mortgaged property may be substantially less, relative to the amount owing on the mortgage loan, than if the self-storage mortgaged property were readily adaptable to other uses.

 

Tenants at self-storage properties tend to require and receive privacy, anonymity and efficient access, each of which may heighten environmental and other risks related to such property as the borrower may be unaware of the contents in any self-storage unit. No environmental assessment of a self-storage mortgaged property included an inspection of the contents of the self-storage units at that mortgaged property, and there is no assurance that all of the units included in the self-storage mortgaged properties are free from hazardous substances or other pollutants or contaminants or will remain so in the future.

 

 

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Certain mortgage loans secured by self-storage properties may be affiliated with a franchise company through a franchise agreement. The performance of a self-storage property affiliated with a franchise company may be affected by the continued existence and financial strength of the franchisor, the public perception of a service mark, and the duration of the franchise agreement. The transferability of franchise license agreements is restricted. In the event of a foreclosure, the lender or its agent would not have the right to use the franchise license without the franchisor’s consent. In addition, certain self-storage properties may derive a material portion of revenue from business activities ancillary to self-storage such as truck rentals, parking fees and similar activities which require special use permits or other discretionary zoning approvals.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Self-Storage Properties”.]

 

[Industrial Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of industrial properties, including:

 

 

reduced demand for industrial space because of a decline in a particular industry segment;

 

 

 

 

the property becoming functionally obsolete;

 

 

building design and adaptability;

 

 

unavailability of labor sources;

 

 

changes in access, energy prices, strikes, relocation of highways, the construction of additional highways or other factors;

 

 

changes in proximity of supply sources;

 

 

the expenses of converting a previously adapted space to general use; and

 

 

the location of the property.

 

Industrial properties may be adversely affected by reduced demand for industrial space occasioned by a decline in a particular industry segment in which the related tenant(s) conduct their businesses (for example, a decline in consumer demand for products sold by a tenant using the property as a distribution center). In addition, a particular industrial or warehouse property that suited the needs of its original tenant may be difficult to relet to another tenant or may become functionally obsolete relative to newer properties. Furthermore, lease terms with respect to industrial properties are generally for shorter periods of time and may result in a substantial percentage of leases expiring in the same year at any particular industrial property. In addition, mortgaged properties used for many industrial purposes are more prone to environmental concerns than other property types.

 

Aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of an industrial property. Site characteristics that are generally desirable to a warehouse/industrial property include high clear ceiling heights, wide column spacing, a large number of bays (loading docks) and large bay depths, divisibility, a layout that can accommodate large truck minimum turning radii and overall functionality and accessibility.

 

In addition, because of unique construction requirements of many industrial properties, any vacant industrial property space may not be easily converted to other uses. Thus, if the operation of any of the industrial properties becomes unprofitable due to competition, age of the improvements or other factors such that the borrower becomes unable to meet its obligations on the related mortgage loan, the liquidation value of that industrial property may be substantially less, relative to the amount owing on the

 

 

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related mortgage loan, than would be the case if the industrial property were readily adaptable to other uses.

 

Location is also important because an industrial property requires the availability of labor sources, proximity to supply sources and customers and accessibility to rail lines, major roadways and other distribution channels.

 

Further, certain of the industrial properties may have tenants that are subject to risks unique to their business, such as cold storage facilities. Cold storage facilities may have unique risks such as short lease terms due to seasonal use, making income potentially more volatile than for properties with longer term leases, and customized refrigeration design, rendering such facilities less readily convertible to alternative uses. Because of seasonal use, leases at such facilities are customarily for shorter terms, making income potentially more volatile than for properties with longer term leases. In addition, such facilities require customized refrigeration design, rendering them less readily convertible to alternative uses.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Industrial Properties”.]

 

[Manufactured Housing Community Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of manufactured housing community properties, including:

 

 

the number of competing residential developments in the local market, such as: other manufactured housing community properties apartment buildings and site built single family homes;

 

 

 

 

the physical attributes of the community, including its age and appearance;

 

 

the location of the manufactured housing property;

 

 

the presence and/or continued presence of sufficient manufactured homes at the manufactured housing property (manufactured homes are not generally part of the collateral for a mortgaged loan secured by a manufactured housing property; rather, the pads upon which manufactured homes are located are leased to the owners of such manufactured homes; manufactured homes may be moved from a manufactured housing property);

 

 

the type of services or amenities it provides;

 

 

any age restrictions;

 

 

the property’s reputation; and

 

 

state and local regulations, including rent control and rent stabilization.

 

The manufactured housing community properties have few improvements (which are highly specialized) and are “single purpose” properties that could not be readily converted to general residential, retail or office use. Thus, if the operation of any of the manufactured housing community properties becomes unprofitable due to competition, age of the improvements or other factors such that the borrower becomes unable to meet its obligations on the related mortgage loan, the liquidation value of that manufactured housing property may be substantially less, relative to the amount owing on the related mortgage loan, than would be the case if the manufactured housing community property were readily adaptable to other uses.

 

 

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Some manufactured housing community properties are either recreational vehicle resorts or have a significant portion of the properties that are intended for short-term recreational vehicle hook-ups, and tenancy of these communities may vary significantly by season. This seasonality may cause periodic fluctuations in revenues, tenancy levels, rental rates and operating expenses for these properties.

 

Certain of the manufactured housing community mortgaged properties may not be connected in their entirety to public water and/or sewer systems. In such cases, the borrower could incur a substantial expense if it were required to connect the property to such systems in the future. In addition, the use of well water enhances the likelihood that the property could be adversely affected by a recognized environmental condition that impacts soil and groundwater.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Manufactured Housing Community Properties”.]

 

[Mixed Use Properties Have Special Risks

 

Certain properties are mixed use properties. Such mortgaged property is subject to the risks relating to the property types described in “—Office Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Retail Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Hotel Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Manufactured Housing Community Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Industrial Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Self-Storage Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements”, “—Leased Fee Properties Have Special Risks”. See Annex A-1 for the 5 largest tenants (by net rentable area leased) at the mixed use property.  A mixed use property may be subject to additional risks, including the property manager’s inexperience in managing the different property types that comprise such mixed use property.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Mixed Use Properties”.]

 

[Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements

 

The management and operation of a condominium is generally controlled by a condominium board representing the owners of the individual condominium units, subject to the terms of the related condominium rules or by-laws. Generally, the consent of a majority of the board members is required for any actions of the condominium board and a unit owner’s ability to control decisions of the board are generally related to the number of units owned by such owner as a percentage of the total number of units in the condominium. In certain cases, the related borrower does not have a majority of votes on the condominium board, which result in the related borrower not having control of the related condominium or owners association.

 

The board of managers or directors of the related condominium generally has discretion to make decisions affecting the condominium, and we cannot assure you that the related borrower under a mortgage loan secured by one or more interests in that condominium will have any control over decisions made by the related board of managers or directors. Even if a borrower or its designated board members, either through control of the appointment and voting of sufficient members of the related condominium board or by virtue of other provisions in the related condominium documents, has consent rights over actions by the related condominium associations or owners, we cannot assure you that the related condominium board will not take actions that would materially adversely affect the related borrower’s unit. Thus, decisions made by that board of managers or directors, including regarding assessments to be paid by the unit owners, insurance to be maintained on the condominium and many other decisions affecting the maintenance of that condominium, may have a significant adverse impact on the related mortgage loans in the issuing entity that are secured by mortgaged properties consisting of such condominium interests. We cannot assure you that the related board of managers or directors will always act in the best interests of the related borrower under the related mortgage loans.

 

The condominium board is generally responsible for administration of the affairs of the condominium, including providing for maintenance and repair of common areas, adopting rules and regulations

 

 

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regarding common areas, and obtaining insurance and repairing and restoring the common areas of the property after a casualty. Notwithstanding the insurance and casualty provisions of the related mortgage loan documents, the condominium board may have the right to control the use of casualty proceeds.

 

In addition, the condominium board generally has the right to assess individual unit owners for their share of expenses related to the operation and maintenance of the common elements. In the event that an owner of another unit fails to pay its allocated assessments, the related borrower may be required to pay such assessments in order to properly maintain and operate the common elements of the property. Although the condominium board generally may obtain a lien against any unit owner for common expenses that are not paid, such lien generally is extinguished if a lender takes possession pursuant to a foreclosure. Each unit owner is responsible for maintenance of its respective unit and retains essential operational control over its unit.

 

In addition, due to the nature of condominiums, a default on the part of the borrower with respect to such mortgaged properties will not allow the special servicer the same flexibility in realizing on the collateral as-is generally available with respect to commercial properties that are not condominium units. The rights of other unit or property owners, the documents governing the management of the condominium units and the state and local laws applicable to condominium units must be considered. In addition, in the event of a casualty with respect to a condominium, due to the possible existence of multiple loss payees on any insurance policy covering such property, there could be a delay in the allocation of related insurance proceeds, if any. Consequently, servicing and realizing upon the collateral described above could subject the certificateholders to a greater delay, expense and risk than with respect to a mortgage loan secured by a commercial property that is not a condominium unit.

 

Certain condominium declarations and/or local laws provide for the withdrawal of a property from a condominium structure under certain circumstances. For example, the New York Condominium Act provides for a withdrawal of the property from a condominium structure by vote of 80% of unit owners. If the condominium is terminated, the building will be subject to an action for partition by any unit owner or lienor as if owned in common. This could cause an early and unanticipated prepayment of the mortgage loan. We cannot assure you that the proceeds from partition would be sufficient to satisfy borrower’s obligations under the mortgage loan. See also “—Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions” for certain risks relating to use restrictions imposed pursuant to condominium declarations or other condominium especially in a situation where the mortgaged property does not represent the entire condominium building.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Condominium and Other Split Interests”.]

 

[Split Interest Structures

 

Vertical subdivisions are property ownership structures in which owners have a fee simple interest in certain ground-level and above-ground parcels. A vertical subdivision is generally governed by a declaration or similar agreement defining the respective owners’ fee estates and relationship; one or more owners typically rely on one or more other owners’ parcels for structural support. Each owner is responsible for maintenance of its respective parcel and retains essential operational control over its parcel. We cannot assure you that owners of parcels supporting collateral interests in vertical subdivision parcels will perform any maintenance and repair obligations that may be required under the declaration with respect to the supporting parcel, or that proceeds following a casualty would be used to reconstruct a supporting parcel. Owners of interests in a vertical subdivision may be required under the related declaration to pay certain assessments relating to any split interests in the related property, and a lien may be attached for failure to pay such assessments.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Condominium and Other Split Interests”.]

 

 

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Operation of a Mortgaged Property Depends on the Property Manager’s Performance

 

The successful operation of a real estate project depends upon the property manager’s performance and viability. The property manager is responsible for:

 

 

responding to changes in the local market;

 

 

 

 

planning and implementing the rental structure;

 

 

operating the property and providing building services;

 

 

managing operating expenses; and

 

 

assuring that maintenance and capital improvements are carried out in a timely fashion.

 

Properties deriving revenues primarily from short term sources, such as hotel guests or short term or month to month leases, are generally more management intensive than properties leased to creditworthy tenants under long term leases.

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties will be managed by affiliates of the related borrower. If a mortgage loan is in default or undergoing special servicing, such relationship could disrupt the management of the related mortgaged property, which may adversely affect cash flow. However, the related mortgage loans will generally permit, in the case of mortgaged properties managed by borrower affiliates, the lender to remove the related property manager upon the occurrence of an event of default under the related mortgage loan beyond applicable cure periods (or, in some cases, in the event of a foreclosure following such default), and in some cases a decline in cash flow below a specified level or the failure to satisfy some other specified performance trigger.

 

Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses

 

The effect of mortgage pool loan losses will be more severe if the losses relate to mortgage loans that account for a disproportionately large percentage of the pool’s aggregate principal balance. As mortgage loans pay down or properties are released, the remaining mortgage loans may face a higher risk with respect to the diversity of property types and property characteristics and with respect to the number of borrowers.

 

See the table entitled “Remaining Term to Maturity/ARD in Months” in Annex A-2 for a stratification of the remaining terms to maturity of the mortgage loans. Because principal on the certificates and/or trust components is payable in sequential order of payment priority, and a class or trust component receives principal only after the preceding class(es) or trust component(s) have been paid in full, classes or trust components that have a lower sequential priority are more likely to face these types of risk of concentration than classes or trust components with a higher sequential priority.

 

Several of the mortgage loans have cut-off date balances that are substantially higher than the average cut-off date balance. In general, concentrations in mortgage loans with larger-than-average balances can result in losses that are more severe, relative to the size of the mortgage loan pool, than would be the case if the aggregate balance of the mortgage loan pool were more evenly distributed.

 

A concentration of mortgage loans secured by the same mortgaged property types can increase the risk that a decline in a particular industry or business would have a disproportionately large impact on the pool of mortgage loans. Mortgaged property types representing more than 5.0% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (based on allocated loan amount) are [LIST APPLICABLE PROPERTY TYPES]. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types” for information on the types of mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans in the mortgage pool.

 

 

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Repayments by borrowers and the market value of the related mortgaged properties could be affected by economic conditions generally or specific to particular geographic areas or regions of the United States, and concentrations of mortgaged properties in particular geographic areas may increase the risk that conditions in the real estate market where the mortgaged property is located, or other adverse economic or other developments or natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, floods, forest fires, tornadoes or hurricanes or changes in governmental rules or fiscal policies) affecting a particular region of the country, could increase the frequency and severity of losses on mortgage loans secured by those mortgaged properties.

 

Mortgaged properties securing more than 5.0% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (based on allocated loan amount) are located in [LIST STATES OR OTHER JURISDICTIONS]. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Geographic Concentrations”.

 

Some of the mortgaged properties are located in areas that, based on low population density, poor economic demographics (such as higher than average unemployment rates, lower than average annual household income and/or overall loss of jobs) and/or negative trends in such regards, would be considered secondary or tertiary markets.

 

A concentration of mortgage loans with the same borrower or related borrowers also can pose increased risks:

 

 

if a borrower that owns or controls several mortgaged properties (whether or not all of them secure mortgage loans in the mortgage pool) experiences financial difficulty at one mortgaged property, it could defer maintenance at another mortgaged property in order to satisfy current expenses with respect to the first mortgaged property;

 

 

 

 

a borrower could also attempt to avert foreclosure by filing a bankruptcy petition that might have the effect of interrupting debt service payments on the mortgage loans in the mortgage pool secured by that borrower’s mortgaged properties (subject to the master servicer’s and the trustee’s obligation to make advances for monthly payments) for an indefinite period; and

 

 

mortgaged properties owned by the same borrower or related borrowers are likely to have common management, common general partners and/or common managing members increasing the risk that financial or other difficulties experienced by such related parties could have a greater impact on the pool of mortgage loans. See “—A Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans” below.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics” for information on the composition of the mortgage pool by property type and geographic distribution and loan concentration.

 

[Risks Related to Loans Secured by Mortgaged Properties Located in Puerto Rico

 

Currently, Puerto Rico does not impose income or withholding tax on interest received on loans by foreign (non-Puerto Rico) entities not engaged in trade or business in Puerto Rico, as long as the foreign (non-Puerto Rico) entity receiving the interest payment and the debtor making the interest payment are not related, or the interest payment is not from sources within Puerto Rico (i.e., when the entity making the interest payment is not a resident of Puerto Rico). Puerto Rico law would not impose income or withholding tax on interest received on a mortgage loan secured by a mortgaged property located in Puerto Rico while it is held by the issuing entity; however, no assurance can be given that the law will not change in the future. If an income or withholding tax were imposed on a mortgage loan secured by a mortgaged property located in Puerto Rico, the lender may not be able to collect from the related borrower any shortfall in the monthly payment resulting from such tax, because the loan does not directly address changes in law that result in an income or withholding tax. Such tax would therefore result in a shortfall to affected certificateholders.

 

 

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Furthermore, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the United States. The provisions of the United States Constitution and laws of the United States apply to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico as determined by the United States Congress and the continuation or modification of current federal law and policy applicable to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico remains within the discretion of the United States Congress. If the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico were granted complete independence, there can be no assurance of what impact this would have on the issuing entity’s interest in a mortgaged property located in Puerto Rico.

 

Commercial mortgage loans in Puerto Rico are generally evidenced by a promissory note in favor of the mortgagee and a “mortgage note” payable to the bearer thereof, which is then pledged to the mortgagee as security for the promissory note. The bearer mortgage note in turn is secured by a deed of mortgage on certain real property of the borrower. Notwithstanding the existence of both the promissory note and the bearer mortgage note, the borrower has only a single indebtedness to the mortgagee, and in the event of default the mortgagee may bring a single unitary action to proceed directly against the mortgaged property without any requirement to take any separate action under the promissory note or bearer mortgage note. Foreclosure of a mortgage in Puerto Rico is generally accomplished by judicial action. The action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all parties having an interest in the real property. Delays in completion of the foreclosure may occasionally result from difficulties in locating necessary parties. When the mortgagee’s right to foreclose is contested, the legal proceedings necessary to resolve the issue can be time consuming and costly. The costs of foreclosure would reduce the proceeds from a foreclosure sale available to satisfy the mortgage loan. In any case, there can be no assurance that the net proceeds realized from a foreclosure on the mortgage, after payment of all foreclosure expenses, would be sufficient to pay the principal, interest and other expenses, if any, which are due under the mortgage loan and thus the amount of accrued and unpaid interest and unpaid principal on the certificates.]

 

Environmental Laws Entail Risks that May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates

 

Under various United States federal, state, local and municipal environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or adjacent to the property. Those laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of the hazardous or toxic substances. For example, certain laws impose liability for release of asbestos-containing materials into the air or require the removal or containment of asbestos-containing materials. In some states, contamination of a property may give rise to a lien on the property to assure payment of the costs of cleanup. In some states, this lien has priority over the lien of a pre-existing mortgage. Additionally, third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for cleanup costs, property damage or personal injury associated with releases of, or other exposure to hazardous substances related to the properties.

 

The owner’s liability for any required remediation generally is not limited by law and could, accordingly, exceed the value of the property and/or the aggregate assets of the owner. The presence of, or strong potential for contamination by, hazardous substances consequently can have a materially adverse effect on the owner’s ability to refinance the property or to sell the property to a third party, the value of the property and a borrower’s ability to repay its mortgage loan.

 

[Enforcement of Environmental Laws in Canada

 

Mortgaged properties located in Canada are subject to Canadian federal, provincial and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment and to the supervision of, and enforcement actions by, Canadian governmental authorities at each of such levels of government. Although Canadian law related to environmental concerns may, in some cases, be similar to that of the United States, any mortgaged property located in Canada will be subject to a separate environmental regime and we cannot assure you that the consequences of environmental hazards or contamination with respect to such mortgaged property would be the same as if it were located in the United States.

 

 

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Furthermore, we cannot assure you that Canadian environmental rules and requirements will not evolve in a manner that would have an adverse impact on any mortgaged property located in Canada.]

 

Certain Types of Operations Involved in the Use and Storage of Hazardous Materials May Lead to an Increased Risk of Issuing Entity Liability

 

Portions of some of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans may include tenants that operate as, were previously operated as, or are located near other properties currently or previously operated as, on-site dry-cleaners or gasoline stations. Both types of operations involve the use and storage of hazardous materials, leading to an increased risk of liability to the tenant, the landowner and, under certain circumstances, a lender (such as the issuing entity) under environmental laws. These operations incur ongoing costs to comply with environmental permit or license requirements and other environmental laws governing, among other things, containment systems and underground storage tank systems. Any liability to borrowers under environmental laws, especially in connection with releases into the environment of gasoline, dry-cleaning solvents or other hazardous substances from underground storage tank systems or otherwise, could also adversely impact the related borrower’s ability to repay the related mortgage loan.

 

Adverse Environmental Conditions at or Near Mortgaged Properties May Result in Losses

 

The issuing entity could become liable for a material adverse environmental condition at an underlying mortgaged property. Any such potential liability could reduce or delay payments on the offered certificates.

 

Each of the mortgaged properties was either (i) subject to environmental site assessments prior to the time of origination of the related mortgage loan (or, in certain limited cases, after origination) including Phase I environmental site assessments or updates of previously performed Phase I environmental site assessments, or (ii) subject to a secured creditor environmental insurance policy or other environmental insurance policy. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Environmental Considerations”.

 

We cannot assure you that the environmental assessments revealed all existing or potential environmental risks or that all adverse environmental conditions have been or will be completely abated or remediated or that any reserves, insurance or operations and maintenance plans will be sufficient to remediate the environmental conditions. Moreover, we cannot assure you that:

 

 

future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose any material environmental liability; or

 

 

 

 

the current environmental condition of the mortgaged properties will not be adversely affected by tenants or by the condition of land or operations in the vicinity of the mortgaged properties (such as underground storage tanks).

 

We cannot assure you that with respect to any mortgaged property that any remediation plan or any projected remedial costs or time is accurate or sufficient to complete the remediation objectives, or that no additional contamination requiring environmental investigation or remediation will not be discovered on any mortgaged property. Likewise, all environmental policies naming the lender as named insured cover certain risks or events specifically identified in the policy, but the coverage is limited by its terms, conditions, limitations and exclusions, and does not purport to cover all environmental conditions whatsoever affecting the applicable mortgaged property, and we cannot assure you that any environmental conditions currently known, suspected, or unknown and discovered in the future will be covered by the terms of the policy.

 

Before the trustee, the special servicer or the master servicer, as applicable, acquires title to a mortgaged property on behalf of the issuing entity or assumes operation of the property, it will be required to obtain an environmental assessment of such mortgaged property, or rely on a recent environmental assessment. This requirement is intended to mitigate the risk that the issuing entity will become liable under any environmental law. There is accordingly some risk that the mortgaged property will decline in value while this assessment is being obtained or remedial action is being taken. Moreover, we cannot

 

 

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assure you that this requirement will effectively insulate the issuing entity from potential liability under environmental laws. Any such potential liability could reduce or delay distributions to certificateholders.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Environmental Considerations” for additional information on environmental conditions at mortgaged properties securing certain mortgage loans in the issuing entity. See also representation number [__] in Annex D-1 and the identified exceptions to that representation in Annex D-2.

 

See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and OriginatorsMorgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLCThe Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards—Third Party Reports—Environmental Report”, “—[__________]”, “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans”.

 

See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Environmental Considerations”.

 

Risks Related to Redevelopment, Expansion and Renovation at Mortgaged Properties

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties are properties which are currently undergoing or, in the future, are expected to undergo redevelopment, expansion or renovation. To the extent applicable, we cannot assure you that any escrow or reserve collected, if any, will be sufficient to complete the current renovation or be otherwise sufficient to satisfy any tenant improvement expenses at a mortgaged property. Failure to complete those planned improvements may have a material adverse effect on the cash flow at the mortgaged property and the related borrower’s ability to meet its payment obligations under the mortgage loan documents.

 

[Certain of the hotel properties securing the mortgage loans are currently undergoing or are scheduled to undergo renovations or property improvement plans (“PIPs”). In some circumstances, these renovations or PIPs may necessitate taking a portion of the available guest rooms temporarily offline, temporarily decreasing the number of available rooms and the revenue generating capacity of the related hotel property. In other cases, these renovations may involve renovations of common spaces or external features of the related hotel property, which may cause disruptions or otherwise decrease the attractiveness of the related hotel property to potential guests. These PIPs may be required under the related franchise or management agreement and a failure to timely complete them may result in a termination or expiration of a franchise or management agreement and may be an event of default under the related mortgage loan.]

 

[Certain of the retail properties securing the mortgage loans are currently undergoing or are scheduled to undergo renovations or property expansions. Such renovations or expansions may be required under tenant leases and a failure to timely complete such renovations or expansions may result in a termination of such lease and may have a material adverse effect on the cash flow at the mortgaged property and the related borrower’s ability to meet its payment obligations under the mortgage loan documents.]

 

We cannot assure you that current or planned redevelopment, expansion or renovation will be completed at all, that such redevelopment, expansion or renovation will be completed in the time frame contemplated, or that, when and if such redevelopment, expansion or renovation is completed, such redevelopment, expansion or renovation will improve the operations at, or increase the value of, the related mortgaged property. Failure of any of the foregoing to occur could have a material negative impact on the related mortgaged property, which could affect the ability of the related borrower to repay the related mortgage loan.

 

In the event the related borrower fails to pay the costs for work completed or material delivered in connection with such ongoing redevelopment, expansion or renovation, the portion of the mortgaged property on which there are renovations may be subject to mechanic’s or materialmen’s liens that may be senior to the lien of the related mortgage loan.

 

 

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The existence of construction or renovation at a mortgaged property may take rental units or rooms or leasable space “off-line” or otherwise make space unavailable for rental, impair access or traffic at or near the mortgaged property, or, in general, make that mortgaged property less attractive to tenants or their customers, and accordingly could have a negative effect on net operating income. In addition, any such construction or renovation at a mortgaged property may temporarily interfere with the use and operation of any portion of such mortgaged property. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion” for information regarding mortgaged properties which are currently undergoing or, in the future, are expected to undergo redevelopment, expansion or renovation. See also Annex A-2 for additional information on redevelopment, renovation and expansion at the mortgaged properties securing the [10] largest mortgage loans.

 

Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses

 

Certain mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans may have specialty use tenants and may not be readily convertible (or convertible at all) to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable for any reason.

 

For example, retail, mixed-use or office properties may have theater tenants. Properties with theater tenants are exposed to certain unique risks. Aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of a theater. In addition, decreasing attendance at a theater could adversely affect revenue of the theater, which may, in turn, cause the tenant to experience financial difficulties, resulting in downgrades in their credit ratings and, in certain cases, bankruptcy filings. In addition, because of unique construction requirements of theaters, any vacant theater space would not easily be converted to other uses.

 

Retail, mixed-use or office properties may also have health clubs as tenants. Several factors may adversely affect the value and successful operation of a health club, including:

 

 

the physical attributes of the health club (e.g., its age, appearance and layout);

 

 

 

 

the reputation, safety, convenience and attractiveness of the property to users;

 

 

management’s ability to control membership growth and attrition;

 

 

competition in the tenant’s marketplace from other health clubs and alternatives to health clubs; and

 

 

adverse changes in economic and social conditions and demographic changes (e.g., population decreases or changes in average age or income), which may result in decreased demand.

 

In addition, there may be significant costs associated with changing consumer preferences (e.g., multipurpose clubs from single-purpose clubs or varieties of equipment, classes, services and amenities). In addition, health clubs may not be readily convertible to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable for any reason. The liquidation value of any such health club consequently may be less than would be the case if the property were readily adaptable to changing consumer preferences for other uses.

 

Certain retail, mixed use or office properties may be partially comprised of a parking garage. Parking garages and parking lots present risks not associated with other properties. The primary source of income for parking lots and garages is the rental fees charged for parking spaces.

 

Factors affecting the success of a parking lot or garage include:

 

 

the number of rentable parking spaces and rates charged;

 

 

 

 

the location of the lot or garage and, in particular, its proximity to places where large numbers of people work, shop or live;

 

 

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the amount of alternative parking spaces in the area;

 

 

 

 

the availability of mass transit; and

 

 

the perceptions of the safety, convenience and services of the lot or garage.

 

Aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of a parking garage facility. Site characteristics that are valuable to a parking garage facility include location, clear ceiling heights, column spacing, zoning restrictions, number of spaces and overall functionality and accessibility.

 

In addition, because of the unique construction requirements of many parking garages and because a parking lot is often vacant paved land without any structure, a vacant parking garage facility or parking lot may not be easily converted to other uses.

 

Mortgaged properties may have other specialty use tenants, such as medical and dental offices, gas stations, data centers, urgent care facilities, daycare centers and/or restaurants, as part of the mortgaged property.

 

In the case of specialty use tenants such as restaurants and theaters, aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of such properties and other retailers at the mortgaged property. Decreasing patronage at such properties could adversely affect revenue of the property, which may, in turn, cause the tenants to experience financial difficulties, resulting in downgrades in their credit, lease defaults, ratings and, in certain cases, bankruptcy filings. See “—Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease” below. Additionally, receipts at such properties are also affected not only by objective factors but by subjective factors. For instance, restaurant receipts are affected by such varied influences as the current personal income levels in the community, an individual consumer’s preference for type of food, style of dining and restaurant atmosphere, the perceived popularity of the restaurant, food safety concerns related to personal health with the handling of food items at the restaurant or by food suppliers and the actions and/or behaviors of staff and management and level of service to the customers. In addition, because of unique construction requirements of such properties, any vacant space would not easily be converted to other uses.

 

Mortgaged properties with specialty use tenants may not be readily convertible (or convertible at all) to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable, or the leased spaces were to become vacant, for any reason due to their unique construction requirements. In addition, converting commercial properties to alternate uses generally requires substantial capital expenditures and could result in a significant adverse effect on, or interruption of, the revenues generated by such properties.

 

In addition, a mortgaged property may not be readily convertible due to restrictive covenants related to such mortgaged property, including in the case of mortgaged properties that are subject to a condominium regime or subject to a ground lease, the use and other restrictions imposed by the condominium declaration and other related documents, especially in a situation where a mortgaged property does not represent the entire condominium regime. See “—Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements” above.

 

Some of the mortgaged properties may be part of tax-reduction programs that apply only if the mortgaged properties are used for certain purposes. Such properties may be restricted from being converted to alternative uses because of such restrictions.

 

Some of the mortgaged properties have government tenants or other tenants which may have space that was “built to suit” that particular tenant’s uses and needs. For example, a government tenant may require enhanced security features that required additional construction or renovation costs and for which the related tenant may pay above market rent. However, such enhanced features may not be necessary for a new tenant (and such new tenant may not be willing to pay the higher rent associated with such features). While a government office building or government leased space may be usable as a regular office building or tenant space, the rents that may be collected in the event the government tenant does not renew its lease may be significantly lower than the rent currently collected.

 

 

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Additionally, zoning, historical preservation or other restrictions also may prevent alternative uses. See “—Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions” below.

 

Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties may not comply with current zoning laws, including density, use, parking, height, landscaping, open space and set back requirements, due to changes in zoning requirements after such mortgaged properties were constructed. These properties, as well as those for which variances or special permits were issued or for which non-conformity with current zoning laws is otherwise permitted, are considered to be a “legal non-conforming use” and/or the improvements are considered to be “legal non-conforming structures”. This means that the borrower is not required to alter its structure to comply with the existing or new law; however, the borrower may not be able to rebuild the premises “as-is” in the event of a substantial casualty loss. This may adversely affect the cash flow of the property following the loss. If a substantial casualty were to occur, we cannot assure you that insurance proceeds would be available to pay the mortgage loan in full. In addition, if a non-conforming use were to be discontinued and/or the property were repaired or restored in conformity with the current law, the value of the property or the revenue-producing potential of the property may not be equal to that before the casualty.

 

In addition, certain of the mortgaged properties that do not conform to current zoning laws may not be “legal non-conforming uses” or “legal non-conforming structures”. The failure of a mortgaged property to comply with zoning laws or to be a “legal non-conforming use” or “legal non-conforming structure” may adversely affect market value of the mortgaged property or the borrower’s ability to continue to use it in the manner it is currently being used or may necessitate material additional expenditures to remedy non-conformities. In some cases, the related borrower has obtained law and ordinance insurance to cover additional costs that result from rebuilding the mortgaged property in accordance with current zoning requirements. However, if as a result of the applicable zoning laws the rebuilt improvements are smaller or less attractive to tenants than the original improvements, the resulting loss in income will generally not be covered by law and ordinance insurance. Zoning protection insurance will generally reimburse the lender for the difference between (i) the mortgage loan balance on the date of damage loss to the mortgaged property from an insured peril and (ii) the total insurance proceeds at the time of the damage to the mortgaged property if such mortgaged property cannot be rebuilt to its former use due to new zoning ordinances.

 

In addition, certain of the mortgaged properties may be subject to certain use restrictions and/or operational requirements imposed pursuant to development agreements, ground leases, restrictive covenants, reciprocal easement agreements or operating agreements or historical landmark designations or, in the case of those mortgaged properties that are condominiums, condominium declarations or other condominium use restrictions or regulations, especially in a situation where the mortgaged property does not represent the entire condominium building. Such use restrictions could include, for example, limitations on the character of the improvements or the properties, limitations affecting noise and parking requirements, among other things, and limitations on the borrowers’ right to operate certain types of facilities within a prescribed radius. These limitations impose upon the borrower stricter requirements with respect to repairs and alterations, including following a casualty loss. These limitations could adversely affect the ability of the related borrower to lease the mortgaged property on favorable terms, thus adversely affecting the borrower’s ability to fulfill its obligations under the related mortgage loan. In addition, any alteration, reconstruction, demolition, or new construction affecting a mortgaged property designated a historical landmark may require prior approval. Any such approval process, even if successful, could delay any redevelopment or alteration of a related property. The liquidation value of such property, to the extent subject to limitations of the kind described above or other limitations on convertibility of use, may be substantially less than would be the case if such property was readily adaptable to other uses or redevelopment. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Use Restrictions” for examples of mortgaged properties that are subject to restrictions relating to the use of the mortgaged properties.

 

 

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Risks Relating to Inspections of Properties

 

Licensed engineers or consultants inspected the mortgaged properties at or about the time of the origination of the mortgage loans to assess items such as structural integrity of the buildings and other improvements on the mortgaged property, including exterior walls, roofing, interior construction, mechanical and electrical systems and general condition of the site, buildings and other improvements. However, we cannot assure you that all conditions requiring repair or replacement were identified. No additional property inspections were conducted in connection with the closing of the offered certificates.

 

Risks Relating to Costs of Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations

 

A borrower may be required to incur costs to comply with various existing and future federal, state or local laws and regulations applicable to the related mortgaged property, for example, zoning laws and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended, which requires all public accommodations to meet certain federal requirements related to access and use by persons with disabilities. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Americans with Disabilities Act”. The expenditure of these costs or the imposition of injunctive relief, penalties or fines in connection with the borrower’s noncompliance could negatively impact the borrower’s cash flow and, consequently, its ability to pay its mortgage loan.

 

Insurance May Not Be Available or Adequate

 

Although the mortgaged properties are required to be insured, or self-insured by a sole tenant of a related building or group of buildings, against certain risks, there is a possibility of casualty loss with respect to the mortgaged properties for which insurance proceeds may not be adequate or which may result from risks not covered by insurance.

 

In addition, certain types of mortgaged properties, such as manufactured housing and recreational vehicle communities, have few or no insurable buildings or improvements and thus do not have casualty insurance or low limits of casualty insurance in comparison with the related mortgage loan balances.

 

In addition, hazard insurance policies will typically contain co-insurance clauses that in effect require an insured at all times to carry insurance of a specified percentage, generally 80% to 90%, of the full replacement value of the improvements on the related mortgaged property in order to recover the full amount of any partial loss. As a result, even if insurance coverage is maintained, if the insured’s coverage falls below this specified percentage, those clauses generally provide that the insurer’s liability in the event of partial loss does not exceed the lesser of (1) the replacement cost of the improvements less physical depreciation and (2) that proportion of the loss as the amount of insurance carried bears to the specified percentage of the full replacement cost of those improvements.

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties may be located in areas that are considered a high earthquake risk (seismic zones 3 or 4). See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Geographic Concentrations”.

 

Furthermore, with respect to certain mortgage loans, the insurable value of the related mortgaged property as of the origination date of the related mortgage loan was lower than the principal balance of the related mortgage loan. In the event of a casualty when a borrower is not required to rebuild or cannot rebuild, we cannot assure you that the insurance required with respect to the related mortgaged property will be sufficient to pay the related mortgage loan in full and there is no “gap” insurance required under such mortgage loan to cover any difference. In those circumstances, a casualty that occurs near the maturity date may result in an extension of the maturity date of the mortgage loan if the master servicer, in accordance with the servicing standard, determines that such extension was in the best interest of certificateholders.

 

The mortgage loans do not all require flood insurance on the related mortgaged properties unless they are in a flood zone and flood insurance is available and, in certain instances, even where the related mortgaged property was in a flood zone and flood insurance was available, flood insurance was not required.

 

 

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[The National Flood Insurance Program is scheduled to expire on [September 30, 2021]. We cannot assure you if or when the National Flood Insurance Program will be reauthorized by Congress. If the National Flood Insurance Program is not reauthorized, it could have an adverse effect on the value of properties in flood zones or their ability to repair or rebuild after flood damage.]

 

We cannot assure you that the borrowers will in the future be able to comply with requirements to maintain adequate insurance with respect to the mortgaged properties, and any uninsured loss could have a material adverse impact on the amount available to make payments on the related mortgage loan, and consequently, the offered certificates. As with all real estate, if reconstruction (for example, following fire or other casualty) or any major repair or improvement is required to the damaged property, changes in laws and governmental regulations may be applicable and may materially affect the cost to, or ability of, the borrowers to effect such reconstruction, major repair or improvement. As a result, the amount realized with respect to the mortgaged properties, and the amount available to make payments on the related mortgage loan, and consequently, the offered certificates, could be reduced. In addition, we cannot assure you that the amount of insurance required or provided would be sufficient to cover damages caused by any casualty, or that such insurance will be available in the future at commercially reasonable rates. See representation number [__] in “Annex D-1—Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties” and the exceptions to that representation in “Annex D-2—Exceptions to Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties”.

 

Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties

 

The occurrence or the possibility of terrorist attacks could (1) lead to damage to one or more of the mortgaged properties if any terrorist attacks occur or (2) result in higher costs for security and insurance premiums or diminish the availability of insurance coverage for losses related to terrorist attacks, particularly for large properties, which could adversely affect the cash flow at those mortgaged properties.

 

After the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City and the Washington, D.C. area, all forms of insurance were impacted, particularly from a cost and availability perspective, including comprehensive general liability and business interruption or rent loss insurance policies required by typical mortgage loans. To give time for private markets to develop a pricing mechanism for terrorism risk and to build capacity to absorb future losses that may occur due to terrorism, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 was enacted on November 26, 2002, establishing the Terrorism Insurance Program. The Terrorism Insurance Program was reauthorized on December 20, 2019 through December 31, 2027 pursuant to the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2019 (“TRIPRA”).

 

The Terrorism Insurance Program requires insurance carriers to provide terrorism coverage in their basic “all-risk” policies. Any commercial property and casualty terrorism insurance exclusion that was in force on November 26, 2002 is automatically void to the extent that it excluded losses that would otherwise be insured losses. Any state approval of those types of exclusions in force on November 26, 2002 is also void.

 

Under the Terrorism Insurance Program, the federal government shares in the risk of losses occurring within the United States resulting from acts committed in an effort to influence or coerce United States civilians or the United States government. The federal share of compensation for insured losses of an insurer equals 80% of the portion of such insured losses that exceed a deductible equal to 20% of the value of the insurer’s direct earned premiums over the calendar year immediately preceding that program year. Federal compensation in any program year is capped at $100 billion (with insurers being liable for any amount that exceeds such cap), and no compensation is payable with respect to a terrorist act unless the aggregate industry losses relating to such act exceed $200 million. The Terrorism Insurance Program does not cover nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attacks. Unless a borrower obtains separate coverage for events that do not meet the thresholds or other requirements above, such events will not be covered.

 

If the Terrorism Insurance Program is not reenacted after its expiration in 2027, premiums for terrorism insurance coverage will likely increase and the terms of such insurance policies may be

 

 

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materially amended to increase stated exclusions or to otherwise effectively decrease the scope of coverage available (perhaps to the point where it is effectively not available). In addition, to the extent that any insurance policies contain “sunset clauses” (i.e., clauses that void terrorism coverage if the federal insurance backstop program is not renewed), then such policies may cease to provide terrorism insurance upon the expiration of the Terrorism Insurance Program. We cannot assure you that the Terrorism Insurance Program or any successor program will create any long term changes in the availability and cost of such insurance. Moreover, future legislation, including regulations expected to be adopted by the Treasury Department pursuant to TRIPRA, may have a material effect on the availability of federal assistance in the terrorism insurance market. To the extent that uninsured or underinsured casualty losses occur with respect to the related mortgaged properties, losses on the mortgage loans may result. In addition, the failure to maintain such terrorism insurance may constitute a default under the related mortgage loan.

 

Some of the mortgage loans do not require the related borrower to maintain terrorism insurance. In addition, most of the mortgage loans contain limitations on the related borrower’s obligation to obtain terrorism insurance, such as (i) waiving the requirement that such borrower maintain terrorism insurance if such insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates, (ii) providing that the related borrower is not required to spend in excess of a specified dollar amount (or in some cases, a specified multiple of what is spent on other insurance) in order to obtain such terrorism insurance, (iii) requiring coverage only for as long as the TRIPRA is in effect, or (iv) requiring coverage only for losses arising from domestic acts of terrorism or from terrorist acts certified by the federal government as “acts of terrorism” under the TRIPRA. See “Annex A-3—Significant Loan Summaries” for a summary of the terrorism insurance requirements under each of the [ten] largest mortgage loans.

 

We cannot assure you that all of the mortgaged properties will be insured against the risks of terrorism and similar acts. As a result of any of the foregoing, the amount available to make distributions on your certificates could be reduced.

 

Other mortgaged properties securing mortgage loans may also be insured under a blanket policy or self-insured or insured by a sole tenant. See “—Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance” below.

 

We cannot assure you that all of the mortgaged properties will be insured against the risks of terrorism and similar acts. As a result of any of the foregoing, the amount available to make distributions on your certificates could be reduced.

 

Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties are covered by blanket insurance policies, which also cover other properties of the related borrower or its affiliates (including certain properties in close proximity to the mortgaged properties). In the event that such policies are drawn on to cover losses on such other properties, the amount of insurance coverage available under such policies would thereby be reduced and could be insufficient to cover each mortgaged property’s insurable risks. In addition, with respect to some of the mortgaged properties, a sole or significant tenant is allowed to provide self-insurance against risks.

 

Additionally, if the mortgage loans that allow coverage under blanket insurance policies are part of a group of mortgage loans with related borrowers, then all of the related mortgaged properties may be covered under the same blanket policy, which may also cover other properties owned by affiliates of such borrowers.

 

Certain mortgaged properties may also be insured or self-insured by a sole or significant tenant, as further described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Insurance Considerations”.

 

 

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Limited Information Causes Uncertainty

 

Historical Information. Some of the mortgage loans that we intend to include in the issuing entity are secured in whole or in part by mortgaged properties for which limited or no historical operating information is available. As a result, you may find it difficult to analyze the historical performance of those mortgaged properties.

 

A mortgaged property may lack prior operating history or historical financial information because it is newly constructed or renovated, it is a recent acquisition by the related borrower or it is a single-tenant property that is subject to a triple net lease. In addition, a tenant’s lease may contain confidentiality provisions that restrict the sponsors’ access to or disclosure of such tenant’s financial information. The underwritten net cash flows and underwritten net operating income for such mortgaged properties are derived principally from current rent rolls or tenant leases and historical expenses, adjusted to account for inflation, significant occupancy increases and a market rate management fee. In some cases, underwritten net cash flows and underwritten net operating income for mortgaged properties are based all or in part on leases (or letters of intent) that are not yet in place (and may still be under negotiation) or on tenants that may have signed a lease (or letter of intent), or lease amendment expanding the leased space, but are not yet in occupancy and/or paying rent), which present certain risks described in “—Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Failed Assumptions” below.

 

See Annex A-1 for certain historical financial information relating to the mortgaged properties, including net operating income for the most recent reporting period and prior three calendar years, to the extent available.

 

Ongoing Information. The primary source of ongoing information regarding the offered certificates, including information regarding the status of the related mortgage loans and any credit support for the offered certificates, will be the periodic reports delivered to you. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”. We cannot assure you that any additional ongoing information regarding the offered certificates will be available through any other source. The limited nature of the available information in respect of the offered certificates may adversely affect their liquidity, even if a secondary market for the offered certificates does develop.

 

We are not aware of any source through which pricing information regarding the offered certificates will be generally available on an ongoing basis or on any particular date.

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Failed Assumptions

 

As described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Information”, underwritten net cash flow generally includes cash flow (including any cash flow from master leases) adjusted based on a number of assumptions used by the sponsors. We make no representation that the underwritten net cash flow set forth in this prospectus as of the cut-off date or any other date represents actual future net cash flows. For example, with respect to certain mortgage loans included in the issuing entity, the occupancy of the related mortgaged property reflects tenants that (i) may not have yet actually executed leases (or letters of intent), (ii) have signed leases but have not yet taken occupancy and/or are not paying full contractual rent, (iii) are seeking or may in the future seek to sublet all or a portion of their respective spaces, (iv) are “dark” tenants but paying rent, or (v) are affiliates of the related borrower and are leasing space pursuant to a master lease or a space lease. Similarly, with respect to certain mortgage loans included in the issuing entity, the underwritten net cash flow may be based on certain tenants that have not yet executed leases or that have signed leases but are not yet in place and/or are not yet paying rent, or have a signed lease or lease amendment expanding the leased space, but are not yet in occupancy in all or a portion of their space and/or paying rent, or may assume that future contractual rent steps (during some or all of the remaining term of a lease) have occurred. In many cases, co-tenancy provisions were assumed to be satisfied and vacant space was assumed to be occupied and space that was due to expire was assumed to have been re-let, in each case at market rates that may have exceeded current rent. You should review these and other similar assumptions and make your own determination of the appropriate assumptions to be used in determining underwritten net cash flow.

 

 

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In addition, underwritten or adjusted cash flows, by their nature, are speculative and are based upon certain assumptions and projections. The failure of these assumptions or projections in whole or in part could cause the underwritten net operating income (calculated as described in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Information”) to vary substantially from the actual net operating income of a mortgaged property.

 

In the event of the inaccuracy of any assumptions or projections used in connection with the calculation of underwritten net cash flow, the actual net cash flow could be significantly different (and, in some cases, may be materially less) than the underwritten net cash flow presented in this prospectus, and this would change other numerical information presented in this prospectus based on or derived from the underwritten net cash flow, such as the debt service coverage ratios or debt yield presented in this prospectus. We cannot assure you that any such assumptions or projections made with respect to any mortgaged property will, in fact, be consistent with that mortgaged property’s actual performance.

 

The Mortgage Loans Have Not Been Reviewed or Re-Underwritten by Us

 

Although the sponsors have conducted a review of the mortgage loans to be sold to us for this securitization transaction, we, as the depositor, for this securitization transaction, have neither originated the mortgage loans nor conducted a review or re-underwriting of the mortgage loans. Instead, we have relied on the representations and warranties made by the applicable sponsors and the remedies for breach of a representation and warranty as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreementsand the sponsor’s description of the applicable originators’ underwriting criteria described under “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and OriginatorsMorgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLCThe Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards.” A description of the review conducted by each sponsor for this securitization transaction is set forth under Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and OriginatorsMorgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC—Review of MSMCH Mortgage Loans.”

 

The representations and warranties made by the sponsors may not cover all of the matters that one would review in underwriting a mortgage loan and you should not view them as a substitute for re-underwriting the mortgage loans. Furthermore, these representations and warranties in some respects represent an allocation of risk rather than a confirmed description of the mortgage loans. If we had re-underwritten the mortgage loans, it is possible that the re-underwriting process may have revealed problems with a mortgage loan not covered by a representation or warranty or may have revealed inaccuracies in the representations and warranties. See “—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan” below, and “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

As a result of the foregoing, you are advised and encouraged to make your own investment decision based on a careful review of the information set forth in this prospectus and your own view of the mortgage pool.

 

Static Pool Data Would Not Be Indicative of the Performance of this Pool

 

As a result of the distinct nature of each pool of commercial mortgage loans, and the separate mortgage loans within the pool, this prospectus does not include disclosure concerning the delinquency and loss experience of static pools of periodic originations by any sponsor of assets of the type to be securitized (known as “static pool data”). In particular, static pool data showing a low level of delinquencies and defaults would not be indicative of the performance of this pool or any other pools of mortgage loans originated by the same sponsor or sponsors.

 

While there may be certain common factors affecting the performance and value of income-producing real properties in general, those factors do not apply equally to all income-producing real properties and, in many cases, there are unique factors that will affect the performance and/or value of a particular income-producing real property. Moreover, the effect of a given factor on a particular real property will depend on a number of variables, including but not limited to property type, geographic location,

 

 

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competition, sponsorship and other characteristics of the property and the related commercial mortgage loan. Each income-producing real property represents a separate and distinct business venture and, as a result, each of the mortgage loans requires a unique underwriting analysis. Furthermore, economic and other conditions affecting real properties, whether worldwide, national, regional or local, vary over time. The performance of a pool of mortgage loans originated and outstanding under a given set of economic conditions may vary significantly from the performance of an otherwise comparable mortgage pool originated and outstanding under a different set of economic conditions.

 

Therefore, you should evaluate this offering on the basis of the information set forth in this prospectus with respect to the mortgage loans, and not on the basis of the performance of other pools of securitized commercial mortgage loans.

 

Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property

 

Appraisals were obtained with respect to each of the mortgaged properties at or about the time of origination of the applicable mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable) or at or around the time of the acquisition of the mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable) by the related sponsor. See Annex A-1 for the dates of the latest appraisals for the mortgaged properties. We have not obtained new appraisals of the mortgaged properties or assigned new valuations to the mortgage loans in connection with the offering of the offered certificates. The market values of the mortgaged properties could have declined since the origination of the related mortgage loans.

 

In general, appraisals represent the analysis and opinion of qualified appraisers and are not guarantees of present or future value. One appraiser may reach a different conclusion than that of a different appraiser with respect to the same property. The appraisals seek to establish the amount a typically motivated buyer would pay a typically motivated seller and, in certain cases, may have taken into consideration the purchase price paid by the borrower. The amount could be significantly higher than the amount obtained from the sale of a mortgaged property in a distress or liquidation sale.

 

Information regarding the appraised values of the mortgaged properties (including loan-to-value ratios) presented in this prospectus is not intended to be a representation as to the past, present or future market values of the mortgaged properties. For example, in some cases, a borrower or its affiliate may have acquired the related mortgaged property for a price or otherwise for consideration in an amount that is less than the related appraised value specified on Annex A-1, including at a foreclosure sale or through acceptance of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. Historical operating results of the mortgaged properties used in these appraisals, as adjusted by various assumptions, estimates and subjective judgments on the part of the appraiser, may not be comparable to future operating results. In addition, certain appraisals may be based on extraordinary assumptions, including without limitation, that certain tenants are in-place and paying rent when such tenants have not yet taken occupancy or that certain renovations or property improvement plans have been completed. Additionally, certain appraisals with respect to mortgage loans secured by multiple mortgaged properties may have been conducted on a portfolio basis rather than on an individual property basis, and the sum of the values of the individual properties may be different from (and in some cases may be less than) the appraised value of the aggregate of such properties on a portfolio basis. In addition, other factors may impair the mortgaged properties’ value without affecting their current net operating income, including:

 

 

changes in governmental regulations, zoning or tax laws;

 

 

 

 

potential environmental or other legal liabilities;

 

 

the availability of refinancing; and

 

 

changes in interest rate levels.

 

In certain cases, appraisals may reflect [both “as-stabilized”, “as complete” or “as-portfolio” and “as-is”] values. However, the appraised value reflected in this prospectus with respect to each mortgaged property, except as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and

 

 

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Definitions”, reflects only the “as-is” value (or, in certain cases, may reflect the “as-stabilized” value as a result of the satisfaction of the related conditions or assumptions unless otherwise specified), which may contain certain assumptions, such as future construction completion, projected re-tenanting or increased tenant occupancies. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Appraised Value”.

 

Additionally, with respect to the appraisals setting forth assumptions, particularly those setting forth extraordinary assumptions, as to the “as-is” and “as-stabilized”, “as complete” or “as-portfolio” values, we cannot assure you that those assumptions are or will be accurate or that the “as-stabilized”, “as complete” or “as-portfolio” value will be the value of the related mortgaged property at the indicated stabilization date or completion date, as applicable, or at maturity or anticipated repayment date. Any engineering report, site inspection or appraisal represents only the analysis of the individual consultant, engineer or inspector preparing such report at the time of such report, and may not reveal all necessary or desirable repairs, maintenance and capital improvement items. See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and OriginatorsMorgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC— The Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards” for additional information regarding the appraisals. We cannot assure you that the information set forth in this prospectus regarding the appraised values or loan-to-value ratios accurately reflects past, present or future market values of the mortgaged properties or the amount that would be realized upon a sale of the related mortgaged property. 

 

[Seasoned Mortgage Loans Present Additional Risk of Repayment

 

Certain of the mortgage loans are seasoned mortgage loans and were originated [__] and [__] months, respectively, prior to the cut-off date. There are a number of risks associated with seasoned mortgage loans that are not present, or are present to a lesser degree, with more recently originated mortgage loans. For example:

 

 

property values and surrounding areas have likely changed since origination; origination standards at the time the mortgage loans were originated may have been different than current origination standards;

 

 

 

 

the business circumstances and financial condition of the related borrowers and tenants may have changed since the mortgage loans were originated;

 

 

the environmental circumstances at the mortgaged properties may have changed since the mortgage loans were originated;

 

 

the physical condition of the mortgaged properties or improvements may have changed since origination; and

 

 

the circumstances of the mortgaged properties, the borrower and the tenants may have changed in other respects since.

 

In addition, any seasoned mortgage loan may not satisfy all of the related sponsor’s underwriting standards. See “Transaction PartiesThe Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators”.]

 

The Performance of a Mortgage Loan and Its Related Mortgaged Property Depends in Part on Who Controls the Borrower and Mortgaged Property

 

The operation and performance of a mortgage loan will depend in part on the identity of the persons or entities who control the borrower and the mortgaged property. The performance of a mortgage loan may be adversely affected if control of a borrower changes, which may occur, for example, by means of transfers of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower, or if the mortgage loan is assigned to and assumed by another person or entity along with a transfer of the property to that person or entity.

 

Many of the mortgage loans generally place certain restrictions on the transfer and/or pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower, such as specific percentage or control limitations, although some have current or permit future mezzanine or subordinate debt. We

 

 

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cannot assure you the ownership of any of the borrowers would not change during the term of the related mortgage loan and result in a material adverse effect on your certificates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness” and “—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—“Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Provisions”.

 

The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks

 

The borrowers are legal entities rather than individuals. Mortgage loans made to legal entities may entail greater risks of loss than those associated with mortgage loans made to individuals. For example, a legal entity, as opposed to an individual, may be more inclined to seek legal protection from its creditors under the bankruptcy laws. Unlike individuals involved in bankruptcies, most entities generally, but not in all cases, do not have personal assets and creditworthiness at stake.

 

The terms of certain of the mortgage loans require that the borrowers be single-purpose entities and, in most cases, such borrowers’ organizational documents or the terms of the mortgage loans limit their activities to the ownership of only the related mortgaged property or mortgaged properties and limit the borrowers’ ability to incur additional indebtedness. Such provisions are designed to mitigate the possibility that the borrower’s financial condition would be adversely impacted by factors unrelated to the related mortgaged property and mortgage loan. Such borrower may also have previously owned property other than the related mortgaged property or may be a so-called “recycled” single-purpose entity that previously had other business activities and liabilities. However, we cannot assure you that such borrowers have in the past complied, and will comply, with such requirements, and in some cases unsecured debt exists and/or is allowed in the future. Furthermore, in many cases such borrowers are not required to observe all covenants and conditions which typically are required in order for such borrowers to be viewed under standard rating agency criteria as “single purpose entities”.

 

Although a borrower may currently be a single purpose entity, in certain cases the borrowers were not originally formed as single purpose entities, but at origination of the related mortgage loan their organizational documents were amended. That borrower may have previously owned property other than the related mortgaged property and may not have observed all covenants that typically are required to consider a borrower a “single purpose entity” and thus may have liabilities arising from events prior to becoming a single purpose entity.

 

The organizational documents of a borrower or the direct or indirect managing partner or member of a borrower may also contain requirements that there be one or two independent directors, managers or trustees (depending on the entity form of such borrower) whose vote is required before the borrower files a voluntary bankruptcy or insolvency petition or otherwise institutes insolvency proceedings. Generally, but not always, the independent directors, managers or trustees may only be replaced with certain other independent successors. Although the requirement of having independent directors, managers or trustees is designed to mitigate the risk of a voluntary bankruptcy filing by a solvent borrower, a borrower could file for bankruptcy without obtaining the consent of its independent director(s) (and we cannot assure you that such bankruptcy would be dismissed as an unauthorized filing), and in any case the independent directors, managers or trustees may determine that a bankruptcy filing is an appropriate course of action to be taken by such borrower. Although the independent directors, managers or trustees generally owe no fiduciary duties to entities other than the borrower itself, such determination might take into account the interests and financial condition of such borrower’s parent entities and such parent entities’ other subsidiaries in addition to those of the borrower. Consequently, the financial distress of an affiliate of a borrower might increase the likelihood of a bankruptcy filing by a borrower.

 

The bankruptcy of a borrower, or a general partner or managing member of a borrower, may impair the ability of the lender to enforce its rights and remedies under the related mortgage. Certain of the mortgage loans have been made to single purpose limited partnerships that have a general partner or general partners that are not themselves single purpose entities. Such loans are subject to additional bankruptcy risk. The organizational documents of the general partner in such cases do not limit it to acting as the general partner of the partnership. Accordingly there is a greater risk that the general partner may become insolvent for reasons unrelated to the mortgaged property. The bankruptcy of a

 

 

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general partner may dissolve the partnership under applicable state law. In addition, even if the partnership itself is not insolvent, actions by the partnership and/or a bankrupt general partner that are outside the ordinary course of their business, such as refinancing the related mortgage loan, may require prior approval of the bankruptcy court in the general partner’s bankruptcy case. The proceedings required to resolve these issues may be costly and time-consuming.

 

Any borrower, even an entity structured as a single purpose entity, as an owner of real estate, will be subject to certain potential liabilities and risks as an owner of real estate. We cannot assure you that any borrower will not file for bankruptcy protection or that creditors of a borrower or a corporate or individual general partner or managing member of a borrower will not initiate a bankruptcy or similar proceeding against such borrower or corporate or individual general partner or managing member.

 

Certain borrowers’ organizational documents or the terms of certain mortgage loans permit an affiliated property manager to maintain a custodial account on behalf of such borrower and certain affiliates of such borrower into which funds available to such borrower under the terms of the related mortgage loans and funds of such affiliates are held, but which funds are and will continue to be separately accounted for as to each item of income and expense for each related mortgaged property and each related borrower. A custodial account structure for affiliated entities, while common among certain REITs, institutions or independent owners of multiple properties, presents a risk for consolidation of the assets of such affiliates as commingling of funds is a factor a court may consider in considering a request by other creditors for substantive consolidation. Substantive consolidation is an equitable remedy that could result in an otherwise solvent company becoming subject to the bankruptcy proceedings of an insolvent affiliate, making its assets available to repay the debts of affiliated companies. A court has the discretion to order substantive consolidation in whole or in part and may include non-debtor affiliates of the bankrupt entity in the proceedings. In particular, consolidation may be ordered when corporate funds are commingled and used for a principal’s personal purposes, inadequate records of transfers are made and corporate entities are deemed an alter ego of a principal. Strict adherence to maintaining separate books and records, avoiding commingling of assets and otherwise maintaining corporate policies designed to preserve the separateness of corporate assets and liabilities make it less likely that a court would order substantive consolidation, but we cannot assure you that the related borrowers, property managers or affiliates will comply with these requirements as set forth in the related mortgage loans.

 

Furthermore, with respect to any affiliated borrowers, creditors of a common parent in bankruptcy may seek to consolidate the assets of such borrowers with those of the parent. Consolidation of the assets of such borrowers would likely have an adverse effect on the funds available to make distributions on your certificates, and may lead to a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the ratings of your certificates.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Single Purpose Entity Covenants” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

In addition, borrowers may own a mortgaged property as a Delaware statutory trust or as tenants-in-common. Delaware statutory trusts may be restricted in their ability to actively operate a property, and in the case of a mortgaged property that is owned by a Delaware statutory trust or by tenants-in-common, there is a risk that obtaining the consent of the holders of the beneficial interests in the Delaware statutory trust or the consent of the tenants-in-common will be time consuming and cause delays with respect to the taking of certain actions by or on behalf of the borrower, including with respect to the related mortgaged property. See “—Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery” below. See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Delaware Statutory Trusts”.

 

A Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans

 

Numerous statutory provisions, including the Bankruptcy Code and state laws affording relief to debtors, may interfere with and delay the ability of a secured mortgage lender to obtain payment of a loan, to realize upon collateral and/or to enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, under the Bankruptcy Code, virtually all actions (including foreclosure actions and deficiency judgment proceedings)

 

 

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are automatically stayed upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition, and, often, no interest or principal payments are made during the course of the bankruptcy proceeding. Also, under federal bankruptcy law, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or on behalf of a junior lien holder may stay the senior lender from taking action to foreclose out such junior lien. Certain of the mortgage loans have sponsors that have previously filed bankruptcy and we cannot assure you that such sponsors will not be more likely than other sponsors to utilize their rights in bankruptcy in the event of any threatened action by the mortgagee to enforce its rights under the related mortgage loan documents. As a result, the issuing entity’s recovery with respect to borrowers in bankruptcy proceedings may be significantly delayed, and the aggregate amount ultimately collected may be substantially less than the amount owed. See “—Other Financings or Ability To Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk” below, “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

Additionally, the courts of any state may refuse the foreclosure of a mortgage or deed of trust when an acceleration of the indebtedness would be inequitable or unjust or the circumstances would render the action unconscionable. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure”.

 

See also “—Performance of the Mortgage Loan Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease” above.

 

Reserves to Fund Certain Necessary Expenditures Under the Mortgage Loans May Be Insufficient for the Purpose for Which They Were Established

 

The borrowers under some of the mortgage loans made upfront deposits, and/or agreed to make ongoing deposits, to reserves for the payment of various anticipated or potential expenditures, such as (but not limited to) the costs of tenant improvements and leasing commissions, recommended immediate repairs and seasonality reserves. We cannot assure you that any such reserve will be sufficient, that borrowers will reserve the required amount of funds or that cash flow from the properties will be sufficient to fully fund such reserves. See Annex A-1 for additional information with respect to the reserves established for the mortgage loans.

 

Borrowers That Are Not Special Purpose Entities May Be More Likely to File Bankruptcy Petitions and This May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates

 

While many of the borrowers have agreed to certain special purpose covenants to limit the bankruptcy risk arising from activities unrelated to the operation of the property, some borrowers may not be special purpose entities. The loan documents and organizational documents of these borrowers that are not special purpose entities generally do not limit the purpose of the borrowers to owning the mortgaged properties and do not contain the representations, warranties and covenants customarily employed to ensure that a borrower is a special purpose entity (such as limitations on indebtedness, affiliate transactions and the conduct of other businesses, restrictions on the borrower’s ability to dissolve, liquidate, consolidate, merge or sell all of its assets and restrictions upon amending its organizational documents). Consequently, these borrowers may have other monetary obligations, and certain of the loan documents provide that a default under any such other obligations constitutes a default under the related mortgage loan.

 

In addition, certain of the borrowers and their owners may not have an independent director whose consent would be required to file a bankruptcy petition on behalf of the borrower. One of the purposes of an independent director is to avoid a bankruptcy petition filing that is intended solely to benefit a borrower’s affiliate and is not justified by the borrower’s own economic circumstances. Therefore, borrowers without an independent director may be more likely to file or be subject to voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy petitions which may adversely affect payments on your certificates. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks”.

 

 

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Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions

 

There may be (and there may exist from time to time) pending or threatened legal proceedings against, or disputes with, the borrowers, the borrower sponsors and the managers of the mortgaged properties and their respective affiliates arising out of their ordinary business. We have not undertaken a search for all legal proceedings that relate to the borrowers, borrower sponsors or managers for the mortgaged properties and their respective affiliates. Potential investors are advised and encouraged to perform their own searches related to such matters to the extent relevant to their investment decision. Any such litigation or dispute may materially impair distributions to certificateholders if borrowers must use property income to pay judgments, legal fees or litigation costs. We cannot assure you that any litigation or dispute or any settlement of any litigation or dispute will not have a material adverse effect on your investment.

 

Additionally, a borrower or a principal of a borrower or affiliate may have been a party to a bankruptcy, foreclosure, litigation or other proceeding, particularly against a lender, or has been convicted of a crime in the past. In addition, certain of the borrower sponsors, property managers, affiliates of any of the foregoing and/or entities controlled thereby have been a party to bankruptcy proceedings, mortgage loan defaults and restructures, discounted payoffs, foreclosure proceedings or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure transactions, or other material proceedings (including criminal proceedings) in the past, whether or not related to the mortgaged property securing a mortgage loan in this securitization transaction. In some cases, mortgaged properties securing certain of the mortgage loans previously secured other loans that had been in default, restructured or the subject of a discounted payoff, foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure.

 

Certain of the borrower sponsors may have a history of litigation or other proceedings against their lender, in some cases involving various parties to a securitization transaction. We cannot assure you that the borrower sponsors that have engaged in litigation or other proceedings in the past will not commence action against the issuing entity in the future upon any attempt by the special servicer to enforce the mortgage loan documents. Any such actions by the borrower or borrower sponsor may result in significant expense and potential loss to the issuing entity and a shortfall in funds available to make payments on the offered certificates. In addition, certain principals or borrower sponsors may have in the past been convicted of, or pled guilty to, a felony. We cannot assure you that the borrower or principal will not be more likely than other borrowers or principals to avail itself or cause a borrower to avail itself of its legal rights, under the federal bankruptcy code or otherwise, in the event of an action or threatened action by the lender or its servicer to enforce the related mortgage loan documents, or otherwise conduct its operations in a manner that is in the best interests of the lender and/or the mortgaged property. We cannot assure you that any such proceedings or actions will not have a material adverse effect upon distributions on your certificates. Further, borrowers, principals of borrowers, property managers and affiliates of such parties may, in the future, be involved in bankruptcy proceedings, foreclosure proceedings or other material proceedings (including criminal proceedings), whether or not related to the mortgage loans. We cannot assure you that any such proceedings will not negatively impact a borrower’s or borrower sponsor’s ability to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan and, as a result could have a material adverse effect upon your certificates.

 

Often it is difficult to confirm the identity of owners of all of the equity in a borrower, which means that past issues may not be discovered as to such owners. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Litigation and Other Considerations” and “—Loan Purpose, Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” for additional information on certain mortgage loans in the issuing entity. See also representation numbers [__] and [__] in Annex D-1 and the identified exceptions to those representations in Annex D-2. However, we cannot assure you that there are no undisclosed bankruptcy proceedings, foreclosure proceedings, deed-in-lieu-of-foreclosure transaction and/or mortgage loan workout matters that involved one or more mortgage loans or mortgaged properties, and/or a guarantor, borrower sponsor or other party to a mortgage loan.

 

In addition, in the event the owner of a borrower experiences financial problems, we cannot assure you that such owner would not attempt to take actions with respect to the mortgaged property that may adversely affect the borrower’s ability to fulfill its obligations under the related mortgage loan. See

 

 

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Description of the Mortgage Pool—Litigation and Other Considerations” for information regarding litigation matters with respect to certain mortgage loans.

 

Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk

 

When a borrower (or its constituent members) also has one or more other outstanding loans (even if they are pari passu, subordinated, mezzanine, preferred equity or unsecured loans or another type of equity pledge), the issuing entity is subjected to additional risk such as:

 

 

the borrower (or its constituent members) may have difficulty servicing and repaying multiple financings;

 

 

 

 

the existence of other financings will generally also make it more difficult for the borrower to obtain refinancing of the related mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable) or sell the related mortgaged property and may thereby jeopardize repayment of the mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable);

 

 

the need to service additional financings may reduce the cash flow available to the borrower to operate and maintain the mortgaged property and the value of the mortgaged property may decline as a result;

 

 

if a borrower (or its constituent members) defaults on its mortgage loan and/or any other financing, actions taken by other lenders such as a suit for collection, foreclosure or an involuntary petition for bankruptcy against the borrower could impair the security available to the issuing entity, including the mortgaged property, or stay the issuing entity’s ability to foreclose during the course of the bankruptcy case;

 

 

the bankruptcy of another lender also may operate to stay foreclosure by the issuing entity; and

 

 

the issuing entity may also be subject to the costs and administrative burdens of involvement in foreclosure or bankruptcy proceedings or related litigation.

 

Although the companion loans related to the whole loans (other than the trust subordinate companion loan, if any) are not assets of the issuing entity, each related borrower is still obligated to make interest and principal payments on such companion loans. As a result, the issuing entity is subject to additional risks, including:

 

●     the risk that the necessary maintenance of the related mortgaged property could be deferred to allow the borrower to pay the required debt service on these other obligations and that the value of the mortgaged property may fall as a result; and

 

●     the risk that it may be more difficult for the borrower to refinance these loans or to sell the related mortgaged property for purposes of making any balloon payment on the entire balance of such loans and the related additional debt at maturity or anticipated repayment date.

 

With respect to mezzanine financing (if any), while a mezzanine lender has no security interest in the related mortgaged properties, a default under a mezzanine loan could cause a change in control of the related borrower. With respect to mortgage loans that permit mezzanine financing, the relative rights of the mortgagee and the related mezzanine lender will generally be set forth in an intercreditor agreement, which agreements typically provide that the rights of the mezzanine lender (including the right to payment) against the borrower and mortgaged property are subordinate to the rights of the mortgage lender and that the mezzanine lender may not take any enforcement action against the mortgage borrower and mortgaged property.

 

In addition, the mortgage loan documents related to certain mortgage loans may have or permit future “preferred equity” structures, where one or more special limited partners or members receive a preferred return in exchange for an infusion of capital or other type of equity pledge that may require payments of a

 

 

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specified return or of excess cash flow. Such arrangements can present risks that resemble mezzanine debt, including dilution of the borrower’s equity in the mortgaged property, stress on the cash flow in the form of a preferred return or excess cash payments, and/or potential changes in the management of the related mortgaged property in the event the preferred return is not satisfied.

 

Additionally, the terms of certain mortgage loans permit or require the borrowers to post letters of credit and/or surety bonds for the benefit of the related mortgage loan, which may constitute a contingent reimbursement obligation of the related borrower or an affiliate. The issuing bank or surety will not typically agree to subordination and standstill protection benefiting the mortgagee.

 

In addition, borrowers under most of the mortgage loans are generally permitted to incur trade payables and equipment financing, which may not be limited or may be significant, in order to operate the related mortgaged properties. Also, with respect to certain mortgage loans the related borrower either has incurred or is permitted to incur unsecured debt from an affiliate of either the borrower or the sponsor of the borrower. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness—Other Unsecured Indebtedness”.

 

For additional information, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery

 

Certain of the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity have borrowers that own the related mortgaged properties as tenants-in-common. In general, with respect to a tenant-in-common ownership structure, each tenant-in-common owns an undivided share in the property and if such tenant-in-common desires to sell its interest in the property (and is unable to find a buyer or otherwise needs to force a partition) the tenant-in-common has the ability to request that a court order a sale of the property and distribute the proceeds to each tenant in common proportionally. As a result, if a tenant-in-common that has not waived its right of partition or similar right exercises a right of partition, the related mortgage loan may be subject to prepayment. The bankruptcy, dissolution or action for partition by one or more of the tenants-in-common could result in an early repayment of the related mortgage loan, significant delay in recovery against the tenant-in-common borrowers, particularly if the tenant-in-common borrowers file for bankruptcy separately or in series (because each time a tenant-in-common borrower files for bankruptcy, the bankruptcy court stay will be reinstated), a material impairment in property management and a substantial decrease in the amount recoverable upon the related mortgage loan. Not all tenants-in-common under the mortgage loans will be single purpose entities. [Each tenant-in-common borrower has waived its right to partition, reducing the risk of partition.] However, we cannot assure you that, if challenged, this waiver would be enforceable. In addition, in some cases, the related mortgage loan documents may provide for full recourse (or in an amount equal to its pro rata share of the debt) to the related tenant-in-common borrower or the guarantor if a tenant-in-common files for partition.

 

Risks Relating to Enforceability of Cross-Collateralization

 

Cross-collateralization arrangements may be terminated in certain circumstances under the terms of the related mortgage loan documents. Cross-collateralization arrangements whereby multiple borrowers grant their respective mortgaged properties as security for one or more mortgage loans could be challenged as fraudulent conveyances by the creditors or the bankruptcy estate of any of the related borrowers.

 

Among other things, a legal challenge to the granting of the liens may focus on the benefits realized by that borrower from the respective mortgage loan proceeds, as well as the overall cross-collateralization. If a court were to conclude that the granting of the liens was an avoidable fraudulent conveyance, that court could subordinate all or part of the mortgage loan to other debt of that borrower, recover prior payments made on that mortgage loan, or take other actions such as invalidating the mortgage loan or the mortgages securing the cross-collateralization. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

 

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In addition, when multiple real properties secure a mortgage loan, the amount of the mortgage encumbering any particular one of those properties may be less than the full amount of the related aggregate mortgage loan indebtedness, to minimize recording tax. This mortgage amount is generally established at 100% to 150% of the appraised value or allocated loan amount for the mortgaged property and will limit the extent to which proceeds from the property will be available to offset declines in value of the other properties securing the same mortgage loan.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics” for a description of any mortgage loans that are cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with each other or that are secured by multiple properties owned by multiple borrowers.

 

Inadequacy of Title Insurers May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates

 

Title insurance for a mortgaged property generally insures a lender against risks relating to a lender not having a first lien with respect to a mortgaged property as of the date such policy is issued, and in some cases can insure a lender against specific other risks. The protection afforded by title insurance depends on the ability of the title insurer to pay claims made upon it. We cannot assure you that:

 

 

a title insurer will have the ability to pay title insurance claims made upon it;

 

 

 

 

a title insurer will maintain its present financial strength; or

 

 

a title insurer will not contest claims made upon it.

 

In addition, title insurance policies do not cover all risks relating to a lender not having a first lien with respect to a mortgaged property, and in certain cases, the lender may be subject to a more senior lien despite the existence of a title insurance policy. In those circumstances, the existence of a senior lien may limit the issuing entity’s recovery on that property, which may adversely affect payments on your certificates.

 

Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions

 

Provisions requiring yield maintenance charges, prepayment premiums or lockout periods may not be enforceable in some states and under federal bankruptcy law. Provisions requiring prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges also may be interpreted as constituting the collection of interest for usury purposes. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the obligation to pay a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium will be enforceable. Also, we cannot assure you that foreclosure proceeds will be sufficient to pay an enforceable yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium.

 

Additionally, although the collateral substitution provisions related to defeasance do not have the same effect on the certificateholders as prepayment, we cannot assure you that a court would not interpret those provisions as the equivalent of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium. In certain jurisdictions those collateral substitution provisions might therefore be deemed unenforceable or usurious under applicable law or public policy.

 

Risks Associated with One Action Rules

 

Several states (such as California) have laws that prohibit more than one “judicial action” to enforce a mortgage obligation, and some courts have construed the term “judicial action” broadly. Accordingly, the special servicer will be required to obtain advice of counsel prior to enforcing any of the issuing entity’s rights under any of the mortgage loans that include mortgaged properties where a “one action” rule could be applicable. In the case of a multi property mortgage loan which is secured by mortgaged properties located in multiple states, the special servicer may be required to foreclose first on properties located in states where “one action” rules apply (and where non judicial foreclosure is permitted) before foreclosing on properties located in states where judicial foreclosure is the only permitted method of foreclosure. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure”.

 

 

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State Law Limitations on Assignments of Leases and Rents May Entail Risks

 

Generally mortgage loans included in an issuing entity secured by mortgaged properties that are subject to leases typically will be secured by an assignment of leases and rents pursuant to which the related borrower [(or with respect to any indemnity deed of trust structure, the related property owner)] assigns to the lender its right, title and interest as landlord under the leases of the related mortgaged properties, and the income derived from those leases, as further security for the related mortgage loan, while retaining a license to collect rents for so long as there is no default. If the borrower defaults, the license terminates and the lender is entitled to collect rents. Some state laws may require that the lender take possession of the related property and obtain a judicial appointment of a receiver before becoming entitled to collect the rents. In addition, if bankruptcy or similar proceedings are commenced by or in respect of the borrower, the lender’s ability to collect the rents may be adversely affected. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Leases and Rents” and “—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

Various Other Laws Could Affect the Exercise of Lender’s Rights

 

The laws of the jurisdictions in which the mortgaged properties are located (which laws may vary substantially) govern many of the legal aspects of the mortgage loans. These laws may affect the ability to foreclose on, and, in turn the ability to realize value from, the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. For example, state law determines:

 

 

what proceedings are required for foreclosure;

 

 

 

 

whether the borrower and any foreclosed junior lienors may redeem the property and the conditions under which these rights of redemption may be exercised;

 

 

whether and to what extent recourse to the borrower is permitted; and

 

 

what rights junior mortgagees have and whether the amount of fees and interest that lenders may charge is limited.

 

In addition, the laws of some jurisdictions may render certain provisions of the mortgage loans unenforceable or subject to limitations which may affect lender’s rights under the mortgage loans. Delays in liquidations of defaulted mortgage loans and shortfalls in amounts realized upon liquidation as a result of the application of these laws may create delays and shortfalls in payments to certificateholders. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans”.

 

[Risks of Anticipated Repayment Date Loans

 

Certain of the mortgage loans provide that, if after a certain date (referred to as the anticipated repayment date) the related borrower has not prepaid the mortgage loan in full, any principal outstanding after that anticipated repayment date will accrue interest at an increased interest rate rather than the stated mortgage loan rate. Generally, from and after the anticipated repayment date, cash flow in excess of that required for debt service, the funding of reserves and certain approved operating expenses with respect to the related mortgaged property will be applied toward the payment of principal (without payment of a yield maintenance charge) of the related mortgage loan until its principal balance has been reduced to zero. Although these provisions may create an incentive for the borrower to repay the mortgage loan in full on its anticipated repayment date, a substantial payment would be required and the borrower has no obligation to do so. While interest at the initial mortgage rate continues to accrue and be payable on a current basis on this mortgage loan after its anticipated repayment date, the payment of excess interest will be deferred and will be required to be paid only after the outstanding principal balance of the related mortgage loan has been paid in full, at which time the excess interest that has been deferred, to the extent actually collected, will be paid to the holders of the Class [__] certificates[, which are not offered by this prospectus]. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—ARD Loan”.]

 

 

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Borrower May Be Unable To Repay Remaining Principal Balance on Maturity Date or Anticipated Repayment Date; Longer Amortization Schedules and Interest-Only Provisions Increase Risk

 

Mortgage loans with substantial remaining principal balances at their stated maturity date or anticipated repayment date, as applicable, involve greater risk than fully-amortizing mortgage loans. This is because the borrower may be unable to repay the mortgage loan at that time. In addition, fully amortizing mortgage loans which may pay interest on an “actual/360” basis but have fixed monthly payments may, in effect, have a small balloon payment due at maturity or anticipated repayment date.

 

All of the mortgage loans have amortization schedules that are significantly longer than their respective terms to maturity or anticipated repayment date, as applicable, and many of the mortgage loans require only payments of interest for part or all of their respective terms. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Due Dates; Mortgage Rates; Calculations of Interest”. A longer amortization schedule or an interest-only provision in a mortgage loan will result in a higher amount of principal outstanding under the mortgage loan at any particular time, including at the maturity date of the mortgage loan, than would have otherwise been the case had a shorter amortization schedule been used or had the mortgage loan had a shorter interest-only period or not included an interest-only provision at all. That higher principal amount outstanding could both (i) make it more difficult for the related borrower to make the required balloon payment at maturity or anticipated repayment date and (ii) lead to increased losses for the issuing entity either during the loan term or at maturity or anticipated repayment date if the mortgage loan becomes a defaulted mortgage loan.

 

A borrower’s ability to repay a mortgage loan on its stated maturity date or anticipated repayment date, as applicable, typically will depend upon its ability either to refinance the mortgage loan or to sell the mortgaged property at a price sufficient to permit repayment. A borrower’s ability to achieve either of these goals will be affected by a number of factors, including:

 

 

the availability of, and competition for, credit for commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community real estate projects, which fluctuate over time;

 

 

 

 

the prevailing interest rates;

 

 

the net operating income generated by the mortgaged property;

 

 

the fair market value of the related mortgaged property;

 

 

the borrower’s equity in the related mortgaged property;

 

 

significant tenant rollover at the related mortgaged properties (see “—Retail Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Office Properties Have Special Risks” above);

 

 

the borrower’s financial condition;

 

 

the operating history and occupancy level of the mortgaged property;

 

 

reductions in applicable government assistance/rent subsidy programs;

 

 

the tax laws; and

 

 

prevailing general and regional economic conditions.

 

With respect to any mortgage loan that is part of a whole loan, the risks relating to balloon payment obligations are enhanced by the existence and amount of the related companion loans.

 

None of the sponsors, any party to the pooling and servicing agreement or any other person will be under any obligation to refinance any mortgage loan. However, in order to maximize recoveries on

 

 

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defaulted mortgage loans, the pooling and servicing agreement permits the special servicer (and the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan may permit the related special servicer) to extend and modify mortgage loans in a manner consistent with the servicing standard, subject to the limitations described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans” and “—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments”.

 

Neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will have the ability to extend or modify the non-serviced mortgage loan because such mortgage loan is being serviced by a master servicer or special servicer pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the applicable non-serviced whole loan. See “Pooling and Servicing AgreementServicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

We cannot assure you, that any extension or modification will increase the present value of recoveries in a given case. Whether or not losses are ultimately sustained, any delay in collection of a balloon payment that would otherwise be distributable on your certificates, whether such delay is due to borrower default or to modification of the related mortgage loan, will likely extend the weighted average life of your certificates.

 

In any event, we cannot assure you that each borrower under a balloon loan will have the ability to repay the principal balance of such mortgage loan on the related maturity date or anticipated repayment date, as applicable.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics”.

 

[Risks Related to Ground Leases and Other Leasehold Interests]

 

With respect to certain mortgaged properties, the encumbered interest will be characterized as a “fee interest” if (i) the borrower has a fee interest in all or substantially all of the mortgaged property (provided that if the borrower has a leasehold interest in any portion of the mortgaged property, such portion is not material to the use or operation of the mortgaged property), or (ii) the mortgage loan is secured by the borrower’s leasehold interest in the mortgaged property as well as the borrower’s (or other fee owner’s) overlapping fee interest in the related mortgaged property.

 

Leasehold mortgage loans are subject to certain risks not associated with mortgage loans secured by a lien on the fee estate of the borrower. The most significant of these risks is that if the related borrower’s leasehold were to be terminated upon a lease default, the lender would lose its security in the leasehold interest. Generally, each related ground lease or a lessor estoppel requires the lessor to give the lender notice of the borrower’s defaults under the ground lease and an opportunity to cure them, permits the leasehold interest to be assigned to the lender or the purchaser at a foreclosure sale, in some cases only upon the consent of the lessor, and contains certain other protective provisions typically included in a “mortgageable” ground lease, although not all these protective provisions are included in each case.

 

Upon the bankruptcy of a lessor or a lessee under a ground lease, the debtor has the right to assume or reject the lease. If a debtor lessor rejects the lease, the lessee has the right pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code to treat such lease as terminated by rejection or remain in possession of its leased premises for the rent otherwise payable under the lease for the remaining term of the ground lease (including renewals) and to offset against such rent any damages incurred due to the landlord’s failure to perform its obligations under the lease. If a debtor lessee/borrower rejects any or all of the lease, the leasehold lender could succeed to the lessee/borrower’s position under the lease only if the lease specifically grants the lender such right. If both the lessor and the lessee/borrower are involved in bankruptcy proceedings, the issuing entity may be unable to enforce the bankrupt lessee/borrower’s pre-petition agreement to refuse to treat a ground lease rejected by a bankrupt lessor as terminated. In such circumstances, a ground lease could be terminated notwithstanding lender protection provisions contained in the ground lease or in the mortgage.

 

 

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Some of the ground leases securing the mortgage loans may provide that the ground rent payable under the related ground lease increases during the term of the mortgage loan. These increases may adversely affect the cash flow and net income of the related borrower.

 

A leasehold lender could lose its security unless (i) the leasehold lender holds a fee mortgage, (ii) the ground lease requires the lessor to enter into a new lease with the leasehold lender upon termination or rejection of the ground lease, or (iii) the bankruptcy court, as a court of equity, allows the leasehold lender to assume the ground lessee’s obligations under the ground lease and succeed to the ground lessee’s position. Although not directly covered by the 1994 Amendments to the Bankruptcy Code, such a result would be consistent with the purpose of the 1994 Amendments to the Bankruptcy Code granting the holders of leasehold mortgages permitted under the terms of the lease the right to succeed to the position of a leasehold mortgagor. Although consistent with the Bankruptcy Code, such position may not be adopted by the applicable bankruptcy court.

 

Further, in a decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (Precision Indus. v. Qualitech Steel SBQ, LLC, 327 F.3d 537 (7th Cir. 2003)) the court ruled with respect to an unrecorded lease of real property that where a statutory sale of the fee interest in leased property occurs under the Bankruptcy Code upon the bankruptcy of a landlord, such sale terminates a lessee’s possessory interest in the property, and the purchaser assumes title free and clear of any interest, including any leasehold estates. Pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code, a lessee may request the bankruptcy court to prohibit or condition the statutory sale of the property so as to provide adequate protection of the leasehold interest; however, the court ruled that this provision does not ensure continued possession of the property, but rather entitles the lessee to compensation for the value of its leasehold interest, typically from the sale proceeds. While there are certain circumstances under which a “free and clear” sale under the Bankruptcy Code would not be authorized (including that the lessee could not be compelled in a legal or equitable proceeding to accept a monetary satisfaction of his possessory interest, and that none of the other conditions of the Bankruptcy Code otherwise permits the sale), we cannot assure you that those circumstances would be present in any proposed sale of a leased premises. As a result, we cannot assure you that, in the event of a statutory sale of leased property pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code, the lessee will be able to maintain possession of the property under the ground lease. In addition, we cannot assure you that the lessee and/or the lender will be able to recoup the full value of the leasehold interest in bankruptcy court. Most of the ground leases contain standard protections typically obtained by securitization lenders. Certain of the ground leases with respect to a mortgage loan included in the issuing entity may not. See representation number [__] in “Annex D-1—Mortgage Loan Representation and Warranties” and the representation exceptions identified in “Annex D-2—Exceptions to Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties”.

 

Except as noted in this prospectus, each of the ground leases has a term that extends at least 20 years beyond the maturity date of the mortgage loan (taking into account all freely exercisable extension options) and contains customary mortgagee protection provisions, including notice and cure rights and the right to enter into a new lease with the applicable ground lessor in the event a ground lease is rejected or terminated.

 

With respect to certain of the mortgage loans, the related borrower may have given to certain lessors under the related ground lease a right of first refusal in the event a sale is contemplated or an option to purchase all or a portion of the mortgaged property and these provisions, if not waived, may impede the mortgagee’s ability to sell the related mortgaged property at foreclosure or adversely affect the foreclosure process.

 

See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

[Leased Fee Properties Have Special Risks]

 

[Land subject to a ground lease presents special risks. In such cases, where the borrower owns the fee interest but not the related improvements, such borrower will only receive the rental income from the ground lease and not from the operation of any related improvements. Any default by the ground lessee would adversely affect the borrower’s ability to make payments on the related mortgage loan. While

 

 

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ground leases may contain certain restrictions on the use and operation of the related mortgaged property, the ground lessee generally enjoys the rights and privileges of a fee owner, including the right to construct, alter and remove improvements and fixtures from the land and to assign and sublet the ground leasehold interest. However, the borrower has the same risk of interruptions in cash flow if such ground lessee defaults under its lease as it would on another single tenant commercial property, without the control over the premises that it would ordinarily have as landlord. In addition, in the event of a condemnation, the borrower would only be entitled to an allocable share of the condemnation proceeds. Furthermore, the insurance requirements are often governed by the terms of the ground lease and, in some cases, certain tenants or subtenants may be allowed to self-insure. The ground lessee is commonly permitted to mortgage its ground leasehold interest, and the leasehold lender will often have notice and cure rights with respect to material defaults under the ground lease. In addition, leased fee interests are less frequently purchased and sold than other interests in commercial real property. It may be difficult for the issuing entity, if it became a foreclosing lender, to sell the fee interests if the tenant and its improvements remain on the land. In addition, if the improvements are nearing the end of their useful life, there could be a risk that the tenant defaults in lieu of performing any obligations it may otherwise have to raze the structure and return the land in raw form to the developer. Furthermore, leased fee interests are generally subject to the same risks associated with the property type of the ground lessee’s use of the premises because that use is a source of revenue for the payment of ground rent.]

 

Increases in Real Estate Taxes May Reduce Available Funds

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans have or may in the future have the benefit of reduced real estate taxes in connection with a local government “payment in lieu of taxes” program or other tax abatement arrangements. Upon expiration of such program or if such programs were otherwise terminated, the related borrower would be required to pay higher, and in some cases substantially higher, real estate taxes. Prior to expiration of such program, the tax benefit to the mortgaged property may decrease throughout the term of the expiration date until the expiration of such program. An increase in real estate taxes may impact the ability of the borrower to pay debt service on the mortgage loan.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations” for descriptions of real estate tax matters relating to certain mortgaged properties.

 

Risks Relating to Tax Credits

 

With respect to certain mortgage loans secured by multifamily properties, the related property owners may be entitled to receive low-income housing tax credits pursuant to Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code, which provides a tax credit from the state tax credit allocating agency to owners of multifamily rental properties meeting the definition of low-income housing. The total amount of tax credits to which a property owner is entitled is generally based upon the percentage of total units made available to qualified tenants. The owners of the mortgaged properties subject to the tax credit provisions may use the tax credits to offset income tax that they may otherwise owe, and the tax credits may be shared among the equity owners of the project. In general, the tax credits on the applicable mortgage loans will be allocated to equity investors in the borrower.

 

The tax credit provisions limit the gross rent for each low-income unit. Under the tax credit provisions, a property owner must comply with the tenant income restrictions and rental restrictions over a minimum 15-year compliance period, although the property owner may take the tax credits on an accelerated basis over a 10-year period. In the event a multifamily rental property does not maintain compliance with the tax credit restrictions on tenant income or rental rates or otherwise satisfy the tax credit provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, the property owner may suffer a reduction in the amount of available tax credits and/or face the recapture of all or part of the tax credits related to the period of noncompliance and face the partial recapture of previously taken tax credits. The loss of tax credits, and the possibility of recapture of tax credits already taken, may provide significant incentive for the property owner to keep the related multifamily rental property in compliance with these tax credit restrictions, which may limit the income derived from the related property.

 

 

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If the issuing entity were to foreclose on such a property it would be unable to take advantage of the tax credits, but could sell the property with the right to the remaining credits to a tax paying investor. Any subsequent property owner would continue to be subject to rent limitations unless an election was made to terminate the tax credits, in which case the property could be operated as a market rate property after the expiration of three years. The limitations on rent and on the ability of potential buyers to take advantage of the tax credits may limit the issuing entity’s recovery on that property.

 

State and Local Mortgage Recording Taxes May Apply Upon a Foreclosure or Deed in Lieu of Foreclosure and Reduce Net Proceeds

 

Many jurisdictions impose recording taxes on mortgages which, if not paid at the time of the recording of the mortgage, may impair the ability of the lender to foreclose the mortgage. Such taxes, interest, and penalties could be significant in amount and would, if imposed, reduce the net proceeds realized by the issuing entity in liquidating the real property securing the related mortgage loan.

 

[Risks Relating to Shari’ah Compliant Loans]

 

[Certain of the mortgage loans may be structured to comply with Islamic law (Shari’ah). The related borrower holds the fee interest in the mortgaged property and is owned by a U.S. division of the borrower sponsor. The related borrower has master leased the related mortgaged property to a master lessee, which is indirectly owned in part by certain investors of the Islamic faith. The rent payable pursuant to the applicable master lease is intended to cover the debt service payments required under the related mortgage loan, as well as reserve payments and any other sums due under the mortgage loan. By its terms, the master lease is expressly subordinate to the related mortgage loan.

 

There is a risk that in a bankruptcy case of a master lessee, the master lease could be recharacterized as a financing lease in connection with an acquisition of the mortgaged property by the master lessee. If such recharacterization occurred, the master lessee could be deemed to own the fee interest in the related mortgaged property and the master lease would be viewed as a loan. In Shari’ah compliant mortgage loans, the master lessee typically does not grant a leasehold mortgage to the lender. Therefore, there is a risk that if the master lease were recharacterized as a financing lease, the lender could lose its mortgage on the property. To mitigate the effect of such recharacterization, (i) each master lessee has been formed and is obligated to continue as a single purpose entity, (ii) a bankruptcy by a master lessee is a “bad act” that would trigger guarantor liability under the recourse carveout guaranty for the related mortgage loan, (iii) the master lease is expressly subordinate to the related mortgage loan, and (iv) title insurance was obtained insuring that the related borrower is the fee owner of the related mortgaged property.]

 

Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest

 

Interests and Incentives of the Originators, the Sponsors and Their Affiliates May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests

 

The originators, the sponsors and their affiliates (including certain of the underwriters) expect to derive ancillary benefits from this offering and their respective incentives may not be aligned with those of purchasers of the offered certificates. The sponsors originated or purchased the mortgage loans in order to securitize the mortgage loans by means of a transaction such as the offering of the offered certificates. The sponsors will sell the mortgage loans to the depositor (an affiliate of Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC, one of the sponsors, Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., one of the originators, and of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, one of the underwriters) on the closing date in exchange for cash, derived from the sale of the offered certificates to investors and/or in exchange for offered certificates. A completed offering would reduce the originators’ exposure to the mortgage loans. The originators made the mortgage loans with a view toward securitizing them and distributing the exposure by means of a transaction such as this offering of offered certificates. In addition, certain mortgaged properties may have tenants that are affiliated with the related originator. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant

 

 

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Issues—Affiliated Leases”. This offering of offered certificates will effectively transfer the originators’ exposure to the mortgage loans to purchasers of the offered certificates.

 

The originators, the sponsors and their affiliates expect to receive various benefits, including compensation, commissions, payments, rebates, remuneration and business opportunities, in connection with or as a result of this offering of offered certificates and their interests in the mortgage loans. The sponsors and their affiliates will effectively receive compensation, and may record a profit, in an amount based on, among other things, the amount of proceeds (net of transaction expenses) received from the sale of the offered certificates to investors relative to their investment in the mortgage loans. The benefits to the originators, the sponsors and their affiliates arising from the decision to securitize the mortgage loans may be greater than they would have been had other assets been selected.

 

Furthermore, the sponsors and/or their affiliates may benefit from a completed offering of the offered certificates because the offering would establish a market precedent and a valuation data point for securities similar to the offered certificates, thus enhancing the ability of the sponsors and their affiliates to conduct similar offerings in the future and permitting them to adjust the fair value of the mortgage loans or other similar assets or securities held on their balance sheet, including increasing the carrying value or avoiding decreasing the carrying value of some or all of such similar positions.

 

In some cases, the originators or their affiliates are the holders of the mezzanine loans and/or companion loans related to their mortgage loans. The originators and/or their respective affiliates may retain existing mezzanine loans and/or companion loans or originate future permitted mezzanine indebtedness with respect to the mortgage loans. These transactions may cause the originators and their affiliates or their clients or counterparties who purchase the mezzanine loans and/or companion loans, as applicable, to have economic interests and incentives that do not align with, and that may be directly contrary to, those of an investor in the offered certificates. In addition, these transactions or actions taken to maintain, adjust or unwind any positions in the future, may, individually or in the aggregate, have a material effect on the market for the offered certificates (if any), including adversely affecting the value of the offered certificates, particularly in illiquid markets. The originators, the sponsors and their affiliates will have no obligation to take, refrain from taking or cease taking any action with respect to such companion loans or any existing or future mezzanine loans, based on the potential effect on an investor in the offered certificates, and may receive substantial returns from these transactions. In addition, the originators, the sponsors or any of their respective affiliates may benefit from certain relationships, including financial dealings, with any borrower, any non-recourse carveout guarantor or any of their respective affiliates, aside from the origination of mortgage loans or contribution of mortgage loans into this securitization. Conflicts may also arise because the sponsors and their respective affiliates intend to continue to actively acquire, develop, operate, finance and dispose of real estate-related assets in the ordinary course of their businesses. During the course of their business activities, the sponsors and their respective affiliates may acquire, sell or lease properties, or finance loans secured by properties, which may include the properties securing the mortgage loans or properties that are in the same markets as the mortgaged properties. Such other properties, similar to other third-party owned real estate, may compete with the mortgaged properties for existing and potential tenants. The sponsors may also, from time to time, be among the tenants at the mortgaged properties, and they should be expected to make occupancy-related decisions based on their self-interest and not that of the issuing entity. We cannot assure you that the activities of these parties with respect to such other properties will not adversely impact the performance of the mortgaged properties.

 

In addition, certain of the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity may have been refinancings of debt previously held by a sponsor, an originator or one of their respective affiliates, or a sponsor, an originator or one of their respective affiliates may have or have had equity investments in the borrowers or mortgaged properties under certain of the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity. Each of the sponsors, the originators and their respective affiliates have made and/or may make loans to, or equity investments in, affiliates of the borrowers under the related mortgage loans. In the circumstances described above, the interests of the sponsors, the originators and their respective affiliates may differ from, and compete with, the interests of the issuing entity.

 

 

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[In addition, [_], [_] and [_], each an originator, will each hold a portion of the VRR Interest as described in “Credit Risk Retention”, and [_] is expected to be appointed as the initial risk retention consultation party by the holder of the majority of the VRR Interest. The risk retention consultation party may, on a strictly non-binding basis, consult with a special servicer and recommend that a special servicer take actions that conflict with the interests of holders of certain classes of the certificates. However, no special servicer is required to follow any such recommendations or take directions from the risk retention consultation party and is not permitted to take actions that are prohibited by law or that violate the servicing standard or the terms of the mortgage loan documents. The risk retention consultation party and the holder of the majority of the VRR Interest by whom it is appointed may have interests that are in conflict with those of certain other certificateholders, in particular if the risk retention consultation party or such certificateholder holds companion loan securities, or has financial interests in or other financial dealings (as a lender or otherwise) with a borrower or an affiliate of a borrower under any of the mortgage loans. In order to minimize the effect of certain of these conflicts of interest, for so long as any borrower party is the risk retention consultation party or the holder of the majority of the VRR Interest by whom the risk retention consultation party was appointed (any such loan referred to in this context as an “excluded RRCP loan” as to such party), then the risk retention consultation party will not have consultation rights solely with respect to any such excluded RRCP loan.

 

In addition, for so long as any of [_], [_] or [_] (in each case as holders of the VRR Interest) is a borrower party with respect to any mortgage loan or whole loan, such party will be required to certify that it will not directly or indirectly provide any information related to any such mortgage loan or whole loan to the related borrower party, any of [_]’s, [_]’s or [_]’s employees, personnel or affiliates, in each case, involved in the management of any investment in the related borrower party or the related mortgaged property or, to its actual knowledge, any non-affiliate that holds a direct or indirect ownership interest in the related borrower party, and will maintain sufficient internal controls and appropriate policies and procedures in place in order to comply with those obligations. Notwithstanding those restrictions, there can be no assurance that the related borrower party will not obtain sensitive information related to the strategy of any contemplated workout or liquidation related to any such mortgage loan or whole loan. Notwithstanding such restriction, there can be no assurance that any of [_], [_] or [_] (in each case as holders of the VRR Interest) or the risk retention consultation party will not obtain sensitive information related to the strategy of any contemplated workout or liquidation related to any such mortgage loan or whole loan or otherwise seek to exert its influence over the applicable special servicer in the event such mortgage loan or whole loan becomes subject to a workout or liquidation. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information” in this prospectus.] [INCLUDE for transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST]

 

Further, various originators, sponsors and their respective affiliates are acting in multiple capacities in or with respect to this transaction, which may include, without limitation, acting as one or more transaction parties or a subcontractor or vendor of such party, participating in or contracting for interim servicing and/or custodial services with certain transaction parties, providing warehouse financing to, or receiving warehouse financing from, certain other originators or sponsors prior to transfer of the related mortgage loans to the issuing entity, and/or conducting due diligence on behalf of an investor with respect to the mortgage loans prior to their transfer to the issuing entity.

 

For a description of certain of the foregoing relationships and arrangements that exist among the parties to this securitization, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships And Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties” and “Transaction Parties”.

 

These roles and other potential relationships may give rise to conflicts of interest as described in “—Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests”, “—Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans” and “—Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment” below. Each of the foregoing relationships and related interests should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any offered certificates.

 

 

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Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests

 

The activities and interests of the underwriters and their respective affiliates (collectively, the “Underwriter Entities”) will not align with, and may in fact be directly contrary to, those of the certificateholders. The Underwriter Entities are each part of separate global investment banking, securities and investment management firms that provide a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net-worth individuals. As such, they actively make markets in and trade financial instruments for their own account and for the accounts of customers. These financial instruments include debt and equity securities, currencies, commodities, bank loans, indices, baskets and other products. The Underwriter Entities’ activities include, among other things, executing large block trades and taking long and short positions directly and indirectly, through derivative instruments or otherwise. The securities and instruments in which the Underwriter Entities take positions, or expect to take positions, include loans similar to the mortgage loans, securities and instruments similar to the offered certificates and other securities and instruments. Market making is an activity where a financial institution buys and sells on behalf of customers, or for its own account, to satisfy the expected demand of customers. By its nature, market making involves facilitating transactions among market participants that have differing views of securities and instruments. Any short positions taken by the Underwriter Entities and/or their clients through marketing or otherwise will increase in value if the related securities or other instruments decrease in value, while positions taken by the Underwriter Entities and/or their clients in credit derivative or other derivative transactions with other parties, pursuant to which the Underwriter Entities and/or their clients sell or buy credit protection with respect to one or more classes of the offered certificates, may increase in value if the offered certificates default, are expected to default, or decrease in value.

 

The Underwriter Entities and their clients acting through them may execute such transactions, modify or terminate such derivative positions and otherwise act with respect to such transactions, and may exercise or enforce, or refrain from exercising or enforcing, any or all of their rights and powers in connection therewith, without regard to whether any such action might have an adverse effect on the offered certificates or the certificateholders. Additionally, none of the Underwriter Entities will have any obligation to disclose any of these securities or derivatives transactions to you in your capacity as a certificateholder. As a result, you should expect that the Underwriter Entities will take positions that are inconsistent with, or adverse to, the investment objectives of investors in the offered certificates.

 

As a result of the Underwriter Entities’ various financial market activities, including acting as a research provider, investment advisor, market maker or principal investor, you should expect that personnel in various businesses throughout the Underwriter Entities will have and express research or investment views and make recommendations that are inconsistent with, or adverse to, the objectives of investors in the offered certificates.

 

If an Underwriter Entity becomes a holder of any of the certificates, through market-making activity or otherwise, any actions that it takes in its capacity as a certificateholder, including voting, providing consents or otherwise will not necessarily be aligned with the interests of other holders of the same class or other classes of the certificates. To the extent an Underwriter Entity makes a market in the certificates (which it is under no obligation to do), it would expect to receive income from the spreads between its bid and offer prices for the certificates. The price at which an Underwriter Entity may be willing to purchase certificates, if it makes a market, will depend on market conditions and other relevant factors and may be significantly lower than the issue price for the certificates and significantly lower than the price at which it may be willing to sell certificates.

 

In addition, none of the Underwriter Entities will have any obligation to monitor the performance of the certificates or the actions of the parties to the pooling and servicing agreement and will have no authority to advise any party to the pooling and servicing agreement or to direct their actions.

 

Furthermore, each Underwriter Entity expects that a completed offering will enhance its ability to assist clients and counterparties in the transaction or in related transactions (including assisting clients in additional purchases and sales of the certificates and hedging transactions). The Underwriter Entities expect to derive fees and other revenues from these transactions. In addition, participating in a successful

 

 

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offering and providing related services to clients may enhance the Underwriter Entities’ relationships with various parties, facilitate additional business development, and enable them to obtain additional business and generate additional revenue.

 

The Underwriter Entities are playing several roles in this transaction.  Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, one of the underwriters, is an affiliate of the depositor, Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC, a sponsor, and Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., an originator. See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators”. Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.

 

[The Servicing of Certain Mortgage Loans Will Shift to Other Servicers

 

The servicing of the [SERVICING SHIFT WHOLE LOAN] whole loan is expected to be governed by the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization only temporarily, until such time as the related controlling pari passu companion loan is securitized in a separate securitization. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans—Servicing of the Servicing Shift Mortgage Loans.” Upon securitization of the controlling pari passu note in respect of such whole loan, the servicing and administration of such whole loan will shift to the master servicer and special servicer under the applicable other securitization and will be governed exclusively by the pooling and servicing agreement entered into in connection with that securitization and the related intercreditor agreement. Neither the closing date of any such future securitization nor the identity of any such other master servicer or special servicer has been determined (or such information may have been preliminarily determined but remains subject to change). In addition, the provisions of the pooling and servicing agreement that will govern any such future securitization have not yet been determined (or may have been preliminarily determined but remains subject to change), although they will be required to satisfy certain requirements set forth in the related intercreditor agreement. Prospective investors should be aware that they will not have any control over the identity of the master servicer or special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement that will govern any such future securitization, nor will they have any assurance as to the particular terms of any such other pooling and servicing agreement except to the extent of compliance with the requirements set forth in the related intercreditor agreement. Moreover, with respect to such whole loan, the directing certificateholder for this securitization will not have any consent or consultation rights with respect to the servicing of such whole loan other than those limited consent and consultation rights as are provided in the related intercreditor agreement, and the holder of the related controlling pari passu companion loan (or the controlling party in the related securitization of such related controlling pari passu companion loan or such other party specified in the related intercreditor agreement) will have rights similar to, or more expansive than, those granted to the directing certificateholder in this transaction with respect to the other loans in this mortgage pool that are serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization transaction. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans and “—The Non-Serviced Whole Loans.”]

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer

 

The pooling and servicing agreement provides that the mortgage loans serviced thereunder are required to be administered in accordance with the servicing standard without regard to ownership of any certificate by the master servicer, the special servicer or any of their respective affiliates. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing Standard”. The pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan provides that such non-serviced whole loan is required to be administered in accordance with a servicing standard that is generally similar to the servicing standard set forth in the pooling and servicing agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the master servicer, a sub-servicer, the special servicer or any of their respective affiliates and, as it relates to servicing and administration of the non-serviced mortgage loan, each applicable master servicer, sub-servicer, special servicer or any of their respective affiliates under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan, may have interests when dealing with the mortgage loans that are in conflict with those of holders of the certificates,

 

 

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especially if the master servicer, a sub-servicer, the special servicer or any of their respective affiliates holds certificates or securities relating to any of the applicable companion loans, or has financial interests in or financial dealings with a borrower or a borrower sponsor. Each of these relationships may create a conflict of interest. For instance, if the special servicer or its affiliate holds a subordinate class of certificates, the special servicer might seek to reduce the potential for losses allocable to those certificates from the mortgage loans by deferring acceleration in hope of maximizing future proceeds. However, that action could result in less proceeds to the issuing entity than would be realized if earlier action had been taken. In addition, no servicer is required to act in a manner more favorable to the offered certificates or any particular class of certificates than to the [SERIES DESIGNATION OF THIS TRANSACTION] non-offered certificates, any serviced companion loan holder or the holder of any serviced companion loan securities.

 

Each of the master servicer and the special servicer services and is expected to continue to service, in the ordinary course of its business, existing and new mortgage loans for third parties, including portfolios of mortgage loans similar to the mortgage loans. The real properties securing these other mortgage loans may be in the same markets as, and compete with, certain of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. Consequently, personnel of the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, may perform services, on behalf of the issuing entity, with respect to the mortgage loans at the same time as they are performing services, on behalf of other persons, with respect to other mortgage loans secured by properties that compete with the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. In addition, the mortgage loan sellers will determine who will service mortgage loans that the mortgage loan sellers originate in the future, and that determination may be influenced by the mortgage loan seller’s opinion of servicing decisions made by the master servicer or special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement, including among their things, the manner in which the master servicer or special servicer enforces breaches of representations and warranties against the related mortgage loan seller. This may pose inherent conflicts for the master servicer or the special servicer.

 

In order to minimize the effect of certain of these conflicts of interest as they relate to the special servicer, for so long as the special servicer is a borrower party with respect to a mortgage loan (such mortgage loan referred to herein as an “excluded special servicer loan”), the special servicer will be required to resign as special servicer with respect to that mortgage loan (and will be replaced according to the procedures described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of the Special Servicer Without Cause”). The replacement special servicer (referred to herein as an “excluded special servicer”) will be required to perform all of the obligations of the special servicer with respect to such excluded special servicer loan and will be entitled to all special servicing compensation with respect to such excluded special servicer loan earned during such time as the related mortgage loan is an excluded special servicer loan. While the special servicer will have the same access to information related to the excluded special servicer loan as it does with respect to the other mortgage loans, the special servicer will covenant in the pooling and servicing agreement that it will not directly or indirectly provide any information related to any excluded special servicer loan to the related borrower party, any of the special servicer’s employees or personnel or any of its affiliates involved in the management of any investment in the related borrower party or the related mortgaged property or, to its actual knowledge, any non-affiliate that holds a direct or indirect ownership interest in the related borrower party, and will maintain sufficient internal controls and appropriate policies and procedures in place in order to comply with those obligations. Notwithstanding those restrictions, there can be no assurance that the related borrower party will not obtain sensitive information related to the strategy of any contemplated workout or liquidation related to an excluded special servicer loan.

 

The special servicer may enter into one or more arrangements with the directing certificateholder, a controlling class certificateholder, a serviced companion loan holder or other certificateholders (or an affiliate or a third party representative of one or more of the preceding parties) to provide for a discount and/or revenue sharing with respect to certain of the special servicer compensation in consideration of, among other things, the special servicer’s appointment (or continuance) as special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement and/or the related intercreditor agreement and limitations on the right of such person to replace the special servicer. See “—Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment” below.

 

 

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Although the master servicer and the special servicer will be required to service and administer the mortgage loan pool in accordance with the servicing standard and, accordingly, without regard to their rights to receive compensation under the pooling and servicing agreement and without regard to any potential obligation to repurchase or substitute a mortgage loan if the master servicer or special servicer is a mortgage loan seller, the possibility of receiving additional servicing compensation in the nature of assumption and modification fees, the continuation of receiving fees to service or specially service a mortgage loan, or the desire to avoid a repurchase demand resulting from a breach of a representation and warranty or material document default may under certain circumstances provide the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, with an economic disincentive to comply with this standard.

 

Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Operating Advisor

 

[__________] has been appointed as the initial operating advisor with respect to all of the mortgage loans other than the non-serviced mortgage loan. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor”. In the normal course of conducting its business, the initial operating advisor and its affiliates have rendered services to, performed surveillance of, and negotiated with, numerous parties engaged in activities related to structured finance and commercial mortgage securitization. These parties may have included the depositor, the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers, the originators, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer[, the risk retention consultation party] or the directing certificateholder or affiliates of any of those parties. These relationships may continue in the future. Each of these relationships, to the extent they exist, may involve a conflict of interest with respect to the initial operating advisor’s duties as operating advisor. We cannot assure you that the existence of these relationships and other relationships in the future will not impact the manner in which the initial operating advisor performs its duties under the pooling and servicing agreement.

 

[Although the initial operating advisor does not service mortgage loans or provide asset management services for owners of commercial mortgage loans, a successor operating advisor or its affiliates may have duties with respect to existing and new commercial and multifamily mortgage loans for itself, its affiliates or third parties, including portfolios of mortgage loans similar to the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity.] These other mortgage loans and the related mortgaged properties may be in the same markets as, or have owners, obligors or property managers in common with, one or more of the mortgage loans in the issuing entity and the related mortgaged properties. As a result of the investments and activities described above, the interests of any such successor operating advisor and its affiliates and their clients may differ from, and conflict with, the interests of the issuing entity. Consequently, personnel of any successor operating advisor may perform services, on behalf of the issuing entity, with respect to the mortgage loans at the same time as they are performing services, on behalf of other persons, with respect to other mortgage loans secured by properties that compete with the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. Although the operating advisor is required to consider the servicing standard in connection with its activities under the pooling and servicing agreement, the operating advisor will not itself be bound by the servicing standard.

 

In addition, the operating advisor and its affiliates may have interests that are in conflict with those of certificateholders if the operating advisor or any of its affiliates has financial interests in or financial dealings with a borrower, a parent of a borrower or any of their affiliates. Each of these relationships may also create a conflict of interest.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Asset Representations Reviewer

 

[_______] has been appointed as the initial asset representations reviewer with respect to all of the mortgage loans other than the non-serviced mortgage loan. See “Transaction Parties—The Asset Representations Reviewer”. In the normal course of conducting its business, the initial asset representations reviewer and its affiliates have rendered services to, performed surveillance of, and negotiated with, numerous parties engaged in activities related to structured finance and commercial

 

 

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mortgage securitization. These parties may have included the depositor, the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers, the originators, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer[, the risk retention consultation party] or the directing certificateholder or affiliates of any of those parties. These relationships may continue in the future. Each of these relationships, to the extent they exist, may involve a conflict of interest with respect to the initial asset representations reviewer’s duties as asset representations reviewer. We cannot assure you that the existence of these relationships and other relationships in the future will not impact the manner in which the initial asset representations reviewer performs its duties under the pooling and servicing agreement.

 

In addition, the asset representations reviewer and its affiliates may have interests that are in conflict with those of certificateholders if the asset representations reviewer or any of its affiliates has financial interests in or financial dealings with a borrower, a parent of a borrower or any of their affiliates. Each of these relationships may also create a conflict of interest.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Loan Holders

 

Absent a control termination event, the directing certificateholder will be entitled to direct the servicing actions of the special servicer in respect of serviced mortgage loans (other than any excluded DCH loan[, any servicing shift mortgage loan] [or any serviced A/B whole loan as to which the related B note holder has control rights]) and, subject to certain limitations, will be entitled to replace the special servicer with or without cause. In addition, if a control termination event has occurred and is continuing, but absent a consultation termination event, the directing certificateholder will retain certain consultation rights with respect to the special servicer’s servicing actions related to such mortgage loans. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder.”

 

The directing certificateholder and its affiliates may have interests that are in conflict with those of certain certificateholders, and the special servicer may, at the direction of, or in consultation with, the directing certificateholder, take actions with respect to a mortgage loan that could adversely affect the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates. However, the special servicer is not permitted to take actions that are prohibited by law or violate the servicing standard or the terms of the mortgage loan documents. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder.” Each certificateholder, by its acceptance of its certificates, will be deemed to acknowledge and agree that the directing certificateholder will be controlled by the controlling class, will have no duty to any certificateholders and may have certain conflicts of interest, as set forth under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder—Limitation on Liability of Directing Certificateholder.” 

 

Such conflicts of interest may be particularly significant if the directing certificateholder or any affiliate thereof holds certificates or has financial interests in or other financial dealings (as lender or otherwise) with a borrower or an affiliate of a borrower. In order to minimize the effect of certain of these conflicts of interest, for so long as the directing certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the controlling class is a borrower party (the related mortgage loan being referred to herein as an “excluded DCH loan”), the directing certificateholder will not have consent or consultation rights solely with respect to such excluded DCH loan (however, the directing certificateholder will be provided certain notices and certain information relating to such excluded DCH loan as described in the pooling and servicing agreement). In addition, for so long as the directing certificateholder or a controlling class certificateholder is a borrower party, it will not be given access to certain “excluded information” solely relating to the related excluded DCH loan and/or the related mortgaged properties. Notwithstanding those restrictions, there can be no assurance that a borrower party will not obtain sensitive information related to the strategy of any contemplated workout or liquidation related to an excluded DCH loan or that a borrower-related certificateholder will not otherwise seek to exert its influence over the special servicer in the event an excluded DCH loan becomes subject to a workout or liquidation.

 

With respect to each of the non-serviced mortgage loans[, the servicing shift mortgage loans] [and, if and for so long as the related B note holder has control rights, the serviced A/B whole loans], the holder of the related controlling companion loan or its designee will have rights to direct the servicing of the

 

 

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related whole loan similar to the rights of the directing certificateholder with respect to the other mortgage loans in this transaction. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans.” [In addition, with respect to any serviced A/B whole loan, the related B note holder will also have certain cure and purchase rights in respect of the related mortgage loan.] Any such controlling companion loan holder may have interests in conflict with those of the certificateholders, and to the extent the controlling companion loan has been securitized, the controlling class certificateholders (or a directing certificateholder on their behalf) under such securitization may have similar conflicting interests. As a result, it is possible that such entities may direct the applicable special servicer to take actions that conflict with the interests of holders of certain classes of the certificates. Each certificateholder, by its acceptance of its certificates, will be deemed to make acknowledgements and agreements with respect to conflicts of interest of the controlling companion loan holder similar to those made with respect to the directing certificateholder (see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder—Limitation on Liability of Directing Certificateholder”). No holder of a controlling companion loan with respect to a whole loan has any obligation to consider the interests of, or impact of the exercise of such rights upon, the trust or the certificateholders.

 

With respect to each of the non-serviced whole loans[, the servicing shift whole loans] [and the serviced A/B whole loans], the holder of the related controlling note (and, to the extent such related controlling note has been securitized (and to the extent known), the initial directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) as of the closing date for the related securitization transaction) is set forth in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—General.”

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans

 

The anticipated initial investor in the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates, which is referred to in this prospectus as the “B-piece buyer” (see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder—General”), was given the opportunity by the sponsors to perform due diligence on the mortgage loans originally identified by the sponsors for inclusion in the issuing entity, and to request the [removal, re-sizing or change in the expected repayment dates] or other features of some or all of the mortgage loans. [The mortgage pool as originally proposed by the sponsors was adjusted based on certain of these requests.] In addition, the B-piece buyer [received or may receive price adjustments or cost mitigation arrangements in connection with accepting certain mortgage loans in the mortgage pool].

 

We cannot assure you that you or another investor would have made the same requests to modify the original pool as the B-piece buyer or that the final pool as influenced by the B-piece buyer’s feedback will not adversely affect the performance of your certificates and benefit the performance of the B-piece buyer’s certificates. Because of the differing subordination levels, the B-piece buyer has interests that may, in some circumstances, differ from those of purchasers of other classes of certificates, and may desire a portfolio composition that benefits the B-piece buyer but that does not benefit other investors. In addition, the B-piece buyer may enter into hedging or other transactions [(to the extent permitted under the credit risk retention rules)] or otherwise have business objectives that also could cause its interests with respect to the mortgage pool to diverge from those of other purchasers of the certificates. The B-piece buyer performed due diligence solely for its own benefit and has no liability to any person or entity for conducting its due diligence. The B-piece buyer is not required to take into account the interests of any other investor in the certificates in exercising remedies or voting or other rights in its capacity as owner of its certificates or in making requests or recommendations to the sponsors as to the selection of the mortgage loans and the establishment of other transaction terms. Investors are not entitled to rely on in any way the B-piece buyer’s acceptance of a mortgage loan. The B-piece buyer’s acceptance of a mortgage loan does not constitute, and may not be construed as, an endorsement of such mortgage loan, the underwriting for such mortgage loan or the originator of such mortgage loan.

 

The B-piece buyer will have no liability to any certificateholder for any actions taken by it as described in the preceding two paragraphs.

 

 

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The B-piece buyer, or an affiliate, will constitute the initial directing certificateholder. The directing certificateholder will have certain rights to direct and consult with the special servicer. In addition, the directing certificateholder will generally have certain consultation rights with regard to the non-serviced mortgage loan under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of such non-serviced whole loan and the related intercreditor agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan—Consultation and Control”.

 

Because the incentives and actions of the B-piece buyers may, in some circumstances, differ from or be adverse to those of purchasers of the offered certificates, you are advised and encouraged to make your own investment decision based on a careful review of the information set forth in this prospectus and your own view of the mortgage pool.

 

Conflicts of Interest May Occur as a Result of the Rights of the Applicable Directing Certificateholder To Terminate the Special Servicer of the Applicable Whole Loan

 

With respect to each whole loan, the directing certificateholder exercising control rights over that whole loan will be entitled, under certain circumstances, to remove the special servicer under the applicable pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of such whole loan and, in such circumstances, appoint a successor special servicer for such whole loan (or have certain consent rights with respect to such removal or replacement). The party with this appointment power may have special relationships or interests that conflict with those of the holders of one or more classes of certificates. In addition, that party does not have any duties to the holders of any class of certificates, may act solely in its own interests, and will have no liability to any certificateholders for having done so. No certificateholder may take any action against the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization or under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan, or against any other parties for having acted solely in their respective interests. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans” for a description of these rights to terminate the special servicer.

 

Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment

 

The managers of the mortgaged properties and the borrowers may experience conflicts in the management and/or ownership of the mortgaged properties because:

 

 

a substantial number of the mortgaged properties are managed by property managers affiliated with the respective borrowers;

 

 

 

 

these property managers also may manage and/or franchise additional properties, including properties that may compete with the mortgaged properties; and

 

 

affiliates of the managers and/or the borrowers, or the managers and/or the borrowers themselves, also may own other properties, including competing properties.

 

None of the borrowers, property managers or any of their affiliates or any employees of the foregoing has any duty to favor the leasing of space in the mortgaged properties over the leasing of space in other properties, one or more of which may be adjacent to or near the mortgaged properties.

 

Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.

 

Other Risks Relating to the Certificates

 

The Certificates Are Limited Obligations

 

The certificates, when issued, will only represent ownership interests in the issuing entity. The certificates will not represent an interest in or obligation of, and will not be guaranteed by, the sponsors,

 

 

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the depositor or any other person. The primary assets of the issuing entity will be the mortgage loans, and distributions on any class of certificates will depend solely on the amount and timing of payments and other collections in respect of the mortgage loans[, and the subsequent allocation of such amounts between the VRR Interest, on one hand, and the non-vertically retained certificates, on the other hand, as described in “Credit Risk Retention—VRR Interest]. We cannot assure you that the cash flow from the mortgaged properties and the proceeds of any sale or refinancing of the mortgaged properties will be sufficient to pay the principal of, and interest on, the mortgage loans or to distribute in full the amounts of interest and principal to which the certificateholders will be entitled. See “Description of the Certificates—General”.

 

The Certificates May Have Limited Liquidity and the Market Value of the Certificates May Decline

 

Your certificates will not be listed on any national securities exchange or traded on any automated quotation systems of any registered securities association, and there is currently no secondary market for your certificates. The underwriters have no obligation to make a market in the offered certificates. We cannot assure you that an active secondary market for the certificates will develop. Additionally, one or more investors may purchase substantial portions of one or more classes of certificates. Accordingly, you may not have an active or liquid secondary market for your certificates.

 

The market value of the certificates will also be influenced by the supply of and demand for CMBS generally. A number of factors will affect investors’ demand for CMBS, including:

 

 

the availability of alternative investments that offer higher yields or are perceived as being a better credit risk than CMBS, or as having a less volatile market value or being more liquid than CMBS;

 

 

legal and other restrictions that prohibit a particular entity from investing in CMBS or limit the amount or types of CMBS that it may acquire or require it to maintain increased capital or reserves as a result of its investment in CMBS;

 

 

increased regulatory compliance burdens imposed on CMBS or securitizations generally, or on classes of securitizers, that may make securitization a less attractive financing option for commercial mortgage loans; and

 

 

investors’ perceptions of commercial real estate lending or CMBS, which may be adversely affected by, among other things, a decline in real estate values or an increase in defaults and foreclosures on commercial mortgage loans.

 

We cannot assure you that your certificates will not decline in value.

 

Changes to Accounting Standards Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Offered Certificates

 

We make no representation or warranty regarding any accounting implications related to the offered certificates. The Financial Accounting Standards Board has adopted changes to the accounting standards for structured products that are effective as of the start of the first fiscal year that began after December 15, 2009 for each investor in the offered certificates. These changes, or any other future changes, may impact the accounting for entities such as the issuing entity and could require the issuing entity to be consolidated in an investor’s financial statements. Each investor in the offered certificates should consult its accounting advisor to determine the impact these accounting changes might have as a result of an investment in the offered certificates.

 

 

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Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded

 

Ratings assigned to the offered certificates by the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor:

 

 

are based on, among other things, the economic characteristics of the mortgaged properties and other relevant structural features of the transaction;

 

 

 

 

do not represent any assessment of the yield to maturity that a certificateholder may experience;

 

 

reflect only the views of the applicable rating agencies as of the date such ratings were issued;

 

 

may be reviewed, revised, suspended, downgraded, qualified or withdrawn entirely by the respective rating agency as a result of changes in or unavailability of information;

 

 

may have been determined based on criteria that included an analysis of historical mortgage loan data that may not reflect future experience;

 

 

may reflect assumptions by such rating agencies regarding performance of the mortgage loans that are not accurate, as evidenced by the significant amount of downgrades, qualifications and withdrawals of ratings assigned to previously issued CMBS by the hired rating agencies and other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations during the recent credit crisis; and

 

 

do not consider to what extent the offered certificates will be subject to prepayment or that the outstanding principal amount of any class of offered certificates will be prepaid.

 

In addition, the rating of any class of offered certificates below an investment grade rating by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization, whether upon initial issuance of such class of certificates or as a result of a ratings downgrade, could adversely affect the ability of an employee benefit plan or other investor to purchase or retain those offered certificates. See “Certain ERISA Considerations” and “Legal Investment”.

 

Nationally recognized statistical rating organizations that were not engaged by the depositor to rate the offered certificates may nevertheless issue unsolicited credit ratings on one or more classes of offered certificates, relying on information they receive pursuant to Rule 17g-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise. If any such unsolicited ratings are issued, we cannot assure you that they will not be different from any ratings assigned by a rating agency engaged by the depositor. The issuance of unsolicited ratings by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization on a class of the offered certificates that are lower than ratings assigned by a rating agency engaged by the depositor may adversely impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of that class.

 

As part of the process of obtaining ratings for the offered certificates, the depositor had initial discussions with and submitted certain materials to [___] nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. Based on preliminary feedback from those nationally recognized statistical rating organizations at that time, the depositor selected [___] of those nationally recognized statistical rating organizations to rate certain classes of the certificates and not the other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, due in part to their initial subordination levels for the various classes of the certificates. If the depositor had selected the other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations to rate the certificates, we cannot assure you that the ratings of such other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations would have assigned to the certificates would not have been lower than the ratings assigned by the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor. [Further, in the case of [one] nationally recognized statistical rating organization engaged by the depositor, the depositor only requested ratings for certain classes of rated certificates, due in part to the initial subordination levels provided by such nationally recognized statistical rating organization for the classes

 

 

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of certificates. If the depositor had selected such nationally recognized statistical rating organization to rate those other classes of rated certificates not rated by it, its ratings of those other certificates may have been different, and potentially lower, than those ratings ultimately assigned to those certificates by the other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged to rate such certificates. In addition, the decision not to engage one or more other rating agencies in the rating of certain classes of certificates to be issued in connection with this transaction may negatively impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of those classes of certificates. Although unsolicited ratings may be issued by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization, a nationally recognized statistical rating organization might be more likely to issue an unsolicited rating if it was not selected after having provided preliminary feedback to the depositor. Neither the depositor nor any other person or entity will have any duty to notify you if any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization issues, or delivers notice of its intention to issue, consolidated ratings on one or more classes of certificates after the date of this prospectus.

 

Furthermore, the Securities and Exchange Commission may determine that any or all of the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates no longer qualifies as a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or is no longer qualified to rate the certificates or may no longer rate similar securities for a limited period as a result of an enforcement action, and that determination may also have an adverse effect on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the offered certificates. To the extent that the provisions of any mortgage loan or the pooling and servicing agreement condition any action, event or circumstance on the delivery of a rating agency confirmation, the pooling and servicing agreement will require delivery or deemed delivery of a rating agency confirmation only from the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates [or, in the case of serviced whole loan, any related companion loan securities].

 

We are not obligated to maintain any particular rating with respect to the certificates, and the ratings initially assigned to the certificates by any or all of the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates could change adversely as a result of changes affecting, among other things, the mortgage loans, the mortgaged properties, the parties to the pooling and servicing agreement, or as a result of changes to ratings criteria employed by any or all of the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates. Although these changes would not necessarily be or result from an event of default on any mortgage loan, any adverse change to the ratings of the offered certificates would likely have an adverse effect on the market value, liquidity and/or regulatory characteristics of those certificates.

 

Further, certain actions provided for in loan agreements may require a rating agency confirmation be obtained from the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates [and, in the case of a serviced whole loan, any companion loan securities] as a precondition to taking such action. In certain circumstances, this condition may be deemed to have been met or waived without such a rating agency confirmation being obtained. In the event such an action is taken without a rating agency confirmation being obtained, we cannot assure you that the applicable rating agency will not downgrade, qualify or withdraw its ratings as a result of the taking of such action. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—‘Due-On-Sale’ and ‘Due-On-Encumbrance’ Provisions”, “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Rating Agency Confirmations” and “Ratings” for additional considerations regarding the ratings, including a description of the process of obtaining confirmations of ratings for the offered certificates.

 

Your Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors

 

General. The yield to maturity on each class of offered certificates will depend in part on the following:

 

 

the purchase price for the certificates;

 

 

 

 

the rate and timing of principal payments on the mortgage loans (both voluntary and involuntary), and the allocation of principal prepayments to the respective classes of offered certificates with certificate balances; and

 

 

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the allocation of shortfalls and losses on the mortgage loans to the respective classes of offered certificates.

 

For this purpose, principal payments include voluntary and involuntary prepayments, such as prepayments resulting from the application of loan reserves, property releases, casualty or condemnation, defaults and liquidations as well as principal payments resulting from repurchases due to material breaches of representations and warranties or material document defects or purchases by a companion loan holder or mezzanine lender (if any) pursuant to a purchase option or sales of defaulted mortgage loans.

 

Any changes in the weighted average lives of your certificates may adversely affect your yield. In general, if you buy a certificate at a premium, and principal distributions occur faster than expected, your actual yield to maturity will be lower than expected. If principal distributions are very high, holders of certificates purchased at a premium might not fully recover their initial investment. Conversely, if you buy a certificate at a discount and principal distributions occur more slowly than expected, your actual yield to maturity will be lower than expected.

 

Prepayments resulting in a shortening of weighted average lives of your certificates may be made at a time of low interest rates when you may be unable to reinvest the resulting payment of principal on your certificates at a rate comparable to the effective yield anticipated by you in making your investment in the certificates, while delays and extensions resulting in a lengthening of those weighted average lives may occur at a time of high interest rates when you may have been able to reinvest principal payments that would otherwise have been received by you at higher rates.

 

In addition, the extent to which prepayments on the mortgage loans in the issuing entity ultimately affect the weighted average life of the certificates will depend on the terms of the certificates, more particularly:

 

 

a class of certificates that entitles the holders of those certificates to a disproportionately larger share of the prepayments on the mortgage loans increases the “call risk” or the likelihood of early retirement of that class if the rate of prepayment is relatively fast; and

 

 

 

 

a class of certificates that entitles the holders of the certificates to a disproportionately smaller share of the prepayments on the mortgage loans increases the likelihood of “extension risk” or an extended average life of that class if the rate of prepayment is relatively slow.

 

The Timing of Prepayments and Repurchases May Change Your Anticipated Yield.

 

The rate at which voluntary prepayments occur on the mortgage loans will be affected by a variety of factors, including:

 

 

the terms of the mortgage loans, including, the length of any prepayment lockout period and the applicable yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums and the extent to which the related mortgage loan terms may be practically enforced;

 

 

 

 

the level of prevailing interest rates;

 

 

the availability of credit for commercial real estate;

 

 

the master servicer’s or special servicer’s ability to enforce yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums;

 

 

the failure to meet certain requirements for the release of escrows;

 

 

the occurrence of casualties or natural disasters; and

 

 

economic, demographic, tax, legal or other factors.

 

 

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Although a yield maintenance charge or other prepayment premium provision of a mortgage loan is intended to create an economic disincentive for a borrower to prepay voluntarily a mortgage loan, we cannot assure you that mortgage loans that have such provisions will not prepay.

 

The extent to which the master servicer or the special servicer, if any, forecloses upon, takes title to and disposes of any mortgaged property related to a mortgage loan or sells defaulted mortgage loans will affect the weighted average lives of your certificates. If the master servicer or the special servicer, if any, forecloses upon a significant number of the related mortgage loans, and depending upon the amount and timing of recoveries from the related mortgaged properties or sells defaulted mortgage loans, your certificates may have a shorter weighted average life.

 

Delays in liquidations of defaulted mortgage loans and modifications extending the maturity of mortgage loans will tend to delay the payment of principal on the mortgage loans. The ability of the related borrower to make any required balloon payment typically will depend upon its ability either to refinance the mortgage loan or to sell the related mortgaged property. A significant number of the mortgage loans require balloon payments at maturity or anticipated repayment date and there is a risk that a number of those mortgage loans may default at maturity or anticipated repayment date, or that the master servicer or the special servicer, if any, may extend the maturity of a number of those mortgage loans in connection with workouts. We cannot assure you as to the borrowers’ abilities to make mortgage loan payments on a full and timely basis, including any balloon payments at maturity or anticipated repayment date. Bankruptcy of the borrower or adverse conditions in the market where the mortgaged property is located may, among other things, delay the recovery of proceeds in the case of defaults. Losses on the mortgage loans due to uninsured risks or insufficient hazard insurance proceeds may create shortfalls in distributions to certificateholders. Any required indemnification of a party to the pooling and servicing agreement in connection with legal actions relating to the issuing entity, the related agreements or the certificates may also result in shortfalls.

 

See “—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions” above and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Prepayment Protections and Certain Involuntary Prepayments”.

 

In addition, if a sponsor repurchases a mortgage loan from the issuing entity due to a material breach of one or more of its representations or warranties or a material document defect, the repurchase price paid will be passed through to the holders of the certificates with the same effect as if the mortgage loan had been prepaid in part or in full, and no yield maintenance charge or other prepayment premium would be payable. Additionally, any mezzanine lender (if any), the holder of a subordinate companion loan [or, in the case of a trust subordinate companion loan, the directing certificateholder for the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates] may have the option to purchase the related mortgage loan after certain defaults, and the purchase price may not include any yield maintenance charges or prepayment premiums. As a result of such a repurchase or purchase, investors in the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates and any other certificates purchased at a premium might not fully recoup their initial investment. A repurchase, a prepayment or the exercise of a purchase option may adversely affect the yield to maturity on your certificates. In this respect, see “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”.

 

The certificates with notional amounts will not be entitled to distributions of principal but instead will accrue interest on their respective notional amounts. Because the notional amount of the certificates indicated in the table below is based upon the outstanding certificate balances of the related class of certificates and the trust components, the yield to maturity on the indicated certificates will be extremely sensitive to the rate and timing of prepayments of principal, liquidations and principal losses on the mortgage loans to the extent allocated to the related certificates and the trust components.

 

 

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Interest-Only
Class of
Certificates

 

Underlying Class or
Trust Components

 

 

 

 

 

 

A rapid rate of principal prepayments, liquidations and/or principal losses on the mortgage loans could result in the failure to recoup the initial investment in the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] and/or  [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates. Investors in the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates should fully consider the associated risks, including the risk that an extremely rapid rate of amortization, prepayment or other liquidation of the Mortgage Loans could result in the failure of such investors to recoup fully their initial investments. The yield to maturity of the certificates with notional amounts may be adversely affected by the prepayment of mortgage loans with higher net mortgage loan rates. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Yield on the Certificates with Notional Amounts”.

 

[Your Yield May Be Adversely Affected By Prepayments Resulting From Earnout Reserves. With respect to certain mortgage loans, earnout escrows may have been established at origination, which funds may be released to the related borrower upon satisfaction of certain conditions. If such conditions with respect to any such mortgage loan are not satisfied, the amounts reserved in such escrows [may be][are required to be] applied to the payment of the mortgage loan, which would have the same effect on the offered certificates as a prepayment of the mortgage loan, except that such application of funds would not be accompanied by any prepayment premium or yield maintenance charge. See Annex A-1. The pooling and servicing agreement will provide that unless required by the mortgage loan documents, the master servicer will not apply such amounts as a prepayment if no event of default has occurred.]

 

Losses and Shortfalls May Change Your Anticipated Yield. If losses on the mortgage loans exceed the aggregate certificate balance of the classes of certificates subordinated to a particular class, that class will suffer a loss equal to the full amount of the excess (up to the outstanding certificate balance of that class). Even if losses on the mortgage loans are not borne by your certificates, those losses may affect the weighted average life and yield to maturity of your certificates.

 

For example, certain shortfalls in interest as a result of involuntary prepayments may reduce the funds available to make payments on your certificates. In addition, if the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee reimburses itself (or a master servicer, special servicer, trustee or other party to a pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan) out of general collections on the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity for any advance that it (or any such other party) has determined is not recoverable out of collections on the related mortgage loan, then to the extent that this reimbursement is made from collections of principal on the mortgage loans in the issuing entity, that reimbursement will reduce the amount of principal available to be distributed on the certificates and will result in a reduction of the certificate balance (or notional amount) of a class of certificates. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”. Likewise, if the master servicer or the trustee reimburses itself out of principal collections on the mortgage loans for any workout-delayed reimbursement amounts, that reimbursement will reduce the amount of principal available to be distributed on the certificates on that distribution date. This reimbursement would have the effect of reducing current payments of principal on the offered certificates (other than the certificates and the Class R certificates with notional amounts) and extending the weighted average lives of the offered certificates with certificate balances. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”.

 

In addition, to the extent losses are realized on the mortgage loans, first the Class [__] certificates, then the Class [__] certificates, then the Class [__] certificates, then the Class [__] certificates, then the Class [__] certificates, then the Class [A] trust component (and correspondingly, the Class [A] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [A] trust component), then the Class [B] trust component (and correspondingly, the Class [B] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests Class [B] trust component), then the Class [C] trust component (and correspondingly, the Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [C] trust component) and, then pro rata, the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates, based on their respective

 

 

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certificate balances, will bear such losses up to an amount equal to the respective outstanding certificate balance of that class. A reduction in the certificate balance of the Class [__] or Class [__] certificates or the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components will result in a corresponding reduction in the notional amount of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates. A reduction in the certificate balance of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components will result in a corresponding reduction in the notional amount of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates. We make no representation as to the anticipated rate or timing of prepayments (voluntary or involuntary) or rate, timing or amount of liquidations or losses on the mortgage loans or as to the anticipated yield to maturity of any such offered certificate. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations”.

 

The exchangeable certificates will be subject to a realized loss or shortfall on the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components to the extent of their percentage interest in such trust component. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”.

 

Risk of Early Termination. The issuing entity is subject to optional termination under certain circumstances. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”. In the event of this termination, you might receive some principal payments earlier than otherwise expected, which could adversely affect your anticipated yield to maturity.

 

Release of Collateral May Reduce the Yield on Your Certificates

 

Notwithstanding the prepayment provisions described in this prospectus, certain of the mortgage loans permit the release of a mortgaged property (or a portion of the mortgaged property) subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions described in Annex A-1. In order to obtain such release (other than with respect to the release of certain non-material portions of the mortgaged properties which may not require payment of a release price), the related borrower may be required (among other things) to pay a release price, which in some cases does not include a prepayment premium or yield maintenance charge on all or a portion of such payment. Any such prepayment may adversely affect the yield to maturity of your certificates. See “—Your Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors” in this prospectus.

 

In addition, certain mortgage loans provide for the release, without prepayment or defeasance, of outparcels or other portions of the related mortgaged property that were given no value or minimal value in the underwriting process, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Certain of the mortgage loans also permit the related borrower to add or substitute collateral under certain circumstances.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Partial Releases”. and Annex A-1 for further details regarding the various release provisions.

 

There Are Risks Relating to the Exchangeable Certificates

 

The characteristics of the Class [EC] certificates will reflect, in the aggregate, the characteristics of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates. As a result, the Class [EC] certificates will be subject to the same risks as the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates described in this prospectus. Investors are also encouraged to consider a number of factors that will limit a certificateholder’s ability to exchange exchangeable certificates:

 

 

At the time of a proposed exchange, a certificateholder must own exchangeable certificates in the requisite exchangeable proportion to make the desired exchange (as described under “Description of the Certificates—Exchanges of Exchangeable Certificates”).

 

 

 

 

A certificateholder that does not own exchangeable certificates in the requisite exchangeable proportion may be unable to obtain the necessary exchangeable certificates or may be able only to exchange the portion (if any) of its exchangeable certificates that represents an exchangeable proportion. Another certificateholder may refuse to sell its certificates at a reasonable (or any) price or may be unable to sell them, or certificates may have been purchased or placed into other

 

 

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financial structures and thus may be unavailable. Such circumstances may prevent you from obtaining exchangeable certificates in the proportions necessary to effect an exchange.

 

 

Exchanges will no longer be permitted following the date when the then-current principal balance of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components (and, correspondingly, to the extent evidencing an interest in the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components, the Class [EC] certificates and the applicable component of the Class [A], Class [B] or Class [C] certificates) is reduced to zero as a result of the payment in full of all interest and principal on that trust component.

 

 

 

 

Certificates may only be held in authorized denominations.

 

Subordination of the Subordinated Certificates and Class [EC] Certificates Will Affect the Timing of Distributions and the Application of Losses on the Subordinated Certificates and Class [EC] Certificates

 

As described in this prospectus, the rights of the holders of [IDENTIFY SUBORDINATED CLASSES] certificates, and the Class [EC] certificates in respect of its various trust components, to receive payments of principal and interest otherwise payable on their certificates will be subordinated to such rights of the holders of the more senior certificates having an earlier alphabetical or alphanumeric class designation or trust components.

 

[If you acquire Class [A], Class [B], Class [C] or Class [EC] certificates, then your rights to receive distributions of amounts collected or advanced on or in respect of the mortgage loans will be subordinated to those of the holders of the [SENIOR CLASSES] certificates. [Describe subordination of Exchangeable Certificates]

 

As a result, investors in those classes of certificates that are subordinated in whole or part to other classes of certificates will generally bear the effects of losses on the mortgage loans and unreimbursed expenses of the issuing entity before the holders of those other classes of certificates. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions” and “—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses”.

 

Reimbursement of Operating Advisor Expenses Could Reduce Payments on the Offered Certificates

 

As described elsewhere in this prospectus, in general, unless your certificates are [LIST MOST SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, your right to receive distributions of amounts collected or advanced on or in respect of the mortgage loans will generally be subordinated to those of the holders of the certificates with a more senior payment priority (as described under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” in this prospectus) than your class and to those of the holders of Class [EC] certificates to the extent the components thereof have a more senior payment priority (as described under “ Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” in this prospectus) than your class. However, the Control Eligible Certificates will not provide subordination to the more senior classes of certificates in the event of losses incurred by the issuing entity due to reimbursement of operating advisor expenses (other than the operating advisor fee). Therefore, amounts that might otherwise be distributable in respect of the [LIST NON-CONTROL ELIGIBLE CLASSES] certificates may be used to reimburse operating advisor expenses in full without any corresponding reduction to amounts payable to the Control Eligible Certificates. See “—Subordination of the Subordinated Certificates and Class [EC] Certificates Will Affect the Timing of Distributions and the Application of Losses on the Subordinated Certificates and Class [EC] Certificates,” “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” and “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses” in this prospectus.

 

 

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[Pro Rata Allocation of Principal Between and Among the Subordinate Companion Loan and the Related Mortgage Loan Prior to a Material Mortgage Loan Event Default.

 

With respect to a mortgage loan that is part of a whole loan with a subordinate companion loan, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a material mortgage loan event of default, any collections of scheduled principal payments and other unscheduled principal payments with respect to the related whole loan [(including any prepayment in connection with a release of a mortgaged property)] received from the related borrower will generally be allocated to such mortgage loan and the subordinate companion loan on a pro rata basis. Such pro rata distributions of principal will have the effect of reducing the total dollar amount of subordination provided to the offered certificates by the subordinate companion loan (including the loan specific certificates related to the trust subordinate companion loan).]

 

[Payments Allocated to the VRR Interest or the Non-Vertically Retained Certificates Will Not Be Available to the Non-Vertically Retained Certificates or the VRR Interest, Respectively

 

As described in this prospectus, payments of principal and interest in respect of the mortgage loans will be distributed to the holders of the non-vertically retained certificates and the VRR Interest, pro rata, based upon their respective percentage allocation entitlement. Amounts received and allocated to the non-vertically retained certificates will not be available to satisfy any amounts due and payable to the VRR Interest. Likewise, amounts received and allocated to the VRR Interest will not be available to satisfy any amounts due and payable to the non-vertically retained certificates. As a result of this allocation of payments, any losses incurred by the issuing entity will also be effectively allocated between the non-vertically retained certificates and the VRR Interest, pro rata, based upon their respective percentage allocation entitlement. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions” and “Credit Risk Retention”.] [INCLUDE for transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST THAT IS A “SINGLE VERTICAL SECURITY”]

 

Your Lack of Control Over the Issuing Entity and the Mortgage Loans Can Impact Your Investment

 

You Have Limited Voting Rights. Except as described in this prospectus, you and other certificateholders generally do not have a right to vote and do not have the right to make decisions with respect to the administration of the issuing entity and the mortgage loans. With respect to mortgage loans (other than mortgage loan that will be serviced under a separate pooling and servicing agreement), those decisions are generally made, subject to the express terms of the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction, by the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable, subject to any rights of the directing certificateholder [or the risk retention consultation party] under the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction and the rights of the holders of the related companion loans and mezzanine debt under the related intercreditor agreement. With respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan, you will generally not have any right to vote or make decisions with respect the non-serviced mortgage loan, and those decisions will generally be made by the master servicer or the special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced mortgage loan and the related companion loan, subject to the rights of the directing certificateholder appointed under such pooling and servicing agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”. In particular, with respect to the risks relating to a modification of a mortgage loan, see “—Risks Relating to Modifications of the Mortgage Loans” below.

 

In certain limited circumstances where certificateholders have the right to vote on matters affecting the issuing entity, in some cases, these votes are by certificateholders taken as a whole and in others the vote is by class. In all cases voting is based on the outstanding certificate balance, which is reduced by realized losses. In certain cases with respect to the termination of the special servicer and the operating advisor, certain voting rights will also be reduced by appraisal reductions, as described below. These limitations on voting could adversely affect your ability to protect your interests with respect to matters voted on by certificateholders. See “Description of the Certificates—Voting Rights”. You will have no rights to vote on any servicing matters related to the mortgage loan that will be serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan.

 

 

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The Rights of the Directing Certificateholder[, the Risk Retention Consultation Party] and the Operating Advisor Could Adversely Affect Your Investment. The directing certificateholder will have certain consent and consultation rights with respect to certain matters relating to the mortgage loans (other than any excluded DCH loan and except that, with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loans[, the servicing shift mortgage loans][, any serviced A/B whole loan as to which the related B note holder has control rights] and any controlling serviced pari passu companion loans, it will only have limited consultation rights) and the right to replace the special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement with or without cause, except that if a control termination event occurs and is continuing, the directing certificateholder will lose the related consent rights and the right to replace the special servicer, and if a consultation termination event occurs, then the directing certificateholder will lose the related consultation rights. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

[In addition, the risk retention consultation party will have certain consultation rights with respect to certain matters relating to the specially serviced loans (other than any applicable excluded loans). See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder—Major Decisions”.] [INCLUDE for transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST]

 

These actions and decisions with respect to which the directing certificateholder has consent or consultation rights [and the risk retention consultation party has consultation rights] include, among others, certain modifications to the mortgage loans and whole loans serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement, including modifications of monetary terms, foreclosure or comparable conversion of the related mortgaged properties, and certain sales of mortgage loans or REO properties for less than the outstanding principal amount plus accrued interest, fees and expenses. As a result of the exercise of these rights by the directing certificateholder [and the risk retention consultation party], the special servicer may take actions with respect to a mortgage loan that could adversely affect the interests of investors in one or more classes of offered certificates. 

 

[With respect to serviced A/B whole loans as to which the related B note holder has control rights and servicing shift mortgage loans, the directing certificateholder does not have consent rights, and the holder of the related controlling companion loan will have consent and consultation rights similar in nature to those otherwise exercisable by the directing certificateholder, and the special servicer may take actions that could have a similar adverse effect. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders.”]

 

Similarly, with respect to a non-serviced mortgage loan, the master servicer or the special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of such non-serviced mortgage loan may, at the direction or upon the advice of the holder of the controlling note (or, if such note has been securitized, the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) of the related securitization trust holding the related controlling note), take actions with respect to such non-serviced mortgage loan and related companion loan(s) that could adversely affect such non-serviced mortgage loan, and therefore, the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates. The issuing entity (as the holder of a non-controlling note) will have limited (or no) consultation rights with respect to major decisions relating to the related non-serviced whole loan and in connection with a sale of a defaulted loan, and such rights will be exercised by the directing certificateholder for this transaction so long as no control termination event has occurred and is continuing and by the special servicer if a control termination event has occurred and is continuing. Additionally, with respect to each non-serviced whole loan, in circumstances similar to those described above, the holder of the controlling note (or, if such note has been securitized, the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) of the related securitization trust holding the related controlling note) will have the right to replace the special servicer of such securitization with or without cause, and without the consent of the issuing entity. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders,”Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

 

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Although the special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement and the special servicer for the non-serviced mortgage loan are not permitted to take actions which are prohibited by law or violate the servicing standard under the applicable pooling and servicing agreement or the terms of the related loan documents, it is possible that the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) under such pooling and servicing agreement may direct or advise, as applicable, the related special servicer to take actions with respect to such mortgage loan that conflict with the interests of the holders of certain classes of the certificates.

 

You will be acknowledging and agreeing, by your purchase of offered certificates, that the directing certificateholder and the directing certificateholder [and the risk retention consultation party] under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced mortgage loan:

 

 

(i)

may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more classes of certificates;

 

 

 

 

(ii)

may act solely in the interests of the holders of the controlling class [or the VRR Interest, as applicable] (or, in the case of the non-serviced mortgage loan, the controlling class of the securitization trust formed under pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced mortgage loan)

 

 

(iii)

does not have any duties to the holders of any class of certificates other than the controlling class [or the VRR Interest, as applicable] (or, in the case of the non-serviced mortgage loan, the controlling class of the securitization trust formed under pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced mortgage loan);

 

 

(iv)

may take actions that favor the interests of the holders of the controlling class [or the VRR Interest, as applicable] (or, in the case of the non-serviced mortgage loan, the controlling class of the securitization trust formed under pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced mortgage loan) over the interests of the holders of one or more other classes of certificates; and

 

 

(v)

will have no liability whatsoever (other than to a controlling class certificateholder) for having so acted as set forth in clauses (i) – (iv) above, and that no certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the directing certificateholder or the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced mortgage loan or any of their respective affiliates, directors, officers, employees, shareholders, members, partners, agents or principals for having so acted.

 

In addition, if a [control termination event] [operating advisor consultation event] has occurred and is continuing, the operating advisor will have certain consultation rights with respect to certain matters relating to the mortgage loans (other than the non-serviced mortgage loan). Further, [if a control termination event has occurred and is continuing,] the operating advisor will have the right to recommend a replacement of a special servicer, as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”. The operating advisor is generally required to act on behalf of the issuing entity and in the best interest of, and for the benefit of, the certificateholders and, with respect to any serviced whole loan for the benefit of the holders of the related companion loan (as a collective whole as if the certificateholders and companion loan holders constituted a single lender). We cannot assure you that any actions taken by the special servicer as a result of a recommendation or consultation by the operating advisor will not adversely affect the interests of investors in one or more classes of certificates. With respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan, the operating advisor appointed under the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the non-serviced mortgage loan will have similar rights and duties under such pooling and servicing agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

You Have Limited Rights to Replace the Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee, the Certificate Administrator, the Operating Advisor or the Asset Representations ReviewerIn general, the

 

 

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directing certificateholder will have the right to terminate and replace the special servicer with or without cause so long as no control termination event has occurred and is continuing and other than in respect of any non-serviced loan, any excluded DCH loan[, any servicing shift whole loan] [or any serviced A/B whole loan as to which the related B note holder has control rights] as described in this prospectus. After the occurrence and during continuance of a control termination event under the pooling and servicing agreement, the special servicer may also be removed in certain circumstances (x) if a request is made by certificateholders evidencing not less than 25% of the voting rights (taking into account the application of appraisal reductions to notionally reduce the respective certificate balances and considering each class of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates together with the Class [EC] certificates’ applicable percentage interest of the related Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components as a single “class” for such purpose of the certificates) and (y) upon receipt of approval by certificateholders holding at least 75% of the voting rights that constitute a minimum quorum of the certificateholders (which is the holders of certificates evidencing at least 75% of the voting rights (taking into account the application of realized losses and the application of appraisal reductions to notionally reduce the respective certificate balances and considering each class of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates together with the Class [EC] certificates’ applicable percentage interest of the related Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] trust components as a single “class” for such purpose). See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause”. In addition, under certain circumstances, the operating advisor may recommend the replacement of the special servicer in the manner described in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote”.

 

The certificateholders will generally have no right to replace and terminate the master servicer, the trustee and the certificate administrator without cause. The vote of the requisite percentage of certificateholders may terminate the special servicer (so long as a control termination event has occurred and is continuing or the vote is based on recommendation of the operating advisor), the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer without cause. The vote of the requisite percentage of the certificateholders will be required to replace the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer, even for cause, and certain termination events may be waived by the vote of the requisite percentage of the certificateholders. With respect to each of the non-serviced whole loans, any servicing shift whole loan and any serviced A/B whole loan as to which the related B note holder has control rights, in circumstances similar to those described above, the holder of the controlling note (or, if such note has been securitized, the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) of the related securitization trust holding the related controlling note) will have the right to replace the special servicer responsible for servicing such whole loan with or without cause, and without the consent of the issuing entity. The certificateholders will have no right to replace the master servicer or the special servicer of the pooling and servicing agreement relating to the non-serviced mortgage loan. We cannot assure that your lack of control over the replacement of these parties will not have an adverse impact on your investment.

 

The Rights of Companion Loan Holders and Mezzanine Debt May Adversely Affect Your Investment. The holders of a pari passu companion loan relating to the serviced mortgage loan will have certain consultation rights (on a non-binding basis) with respect to major decisions relating to the related whole loan under the related intercreditor agreement. Such companion loan holder and its representative may have interests in conflict with those of the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates, and may advise the special servicer to take actions that conflict with the interests of the holders of certain classes of the certificates. Although any such consultation is non-binding and the special servicer is not obligated to consult with the companion loan holder if required under the servicing standard, we cannot assure you that the exercise of the rights of such companion loan holder will not delay any action to be taken by the special servicer and will not adversely affect your investment.

 

[The holder of the related controlling pari passu companion loan for any servicing shift whole loan will have certain consent and consultation rights with respect to certain matters relating to the related mortgage loan and the right to replace the special servicer with or without cause, solely with respect to the subject whole loan. These actions and decisions include, among others, the right, in certain circumstances, to modify or waive any of the terms of the related mortgage loan documents, call or waive

 

 

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any event of default under the related mortgage loan documents and consent to any action or failure to act by any party to the related mortgage loan documents. The exercise of these rights may cause the special servicer to take actions with respect to the related whole loan that could adversely affect the interests of investors in one or more classes of offered certificates.]

 

With respect to the mortgage loan that is subject to a subordinate companion loan, [the holders of the subordinate companion loan (or in the case of the trust subordinate companion loan, [the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, as the holder of a beneficial interest in the trust subordinate companion loan)] will have the right under certain limited circumstances [(and acting through the directing certificateholder in the case of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates)] to (i) cure certain defaults with respect to the related mortgage loan and to purchase (without payment of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) the related mortgage loan and (ii) prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB control appraisal period with respect to the subordinate companion loan, approve certain modifications and consent to certain actions to be taken with respect to the related whole loan. The rights of the holder of a subordinate companion loan could adversely affect your ability to protect your interests with respect to matters relating to the related mortgage loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

With respect to mortgage loans that have mezzanine debt, the related mezzanine lender will have the right under certain limited circumstances to (i) cure certain defaults with respect to, and under certain default scenarios, purchase (without payment of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) the related mortgage loan and (ii) so long as no event of default with respect to the related mortgage loan continues after the mezzanine lender’s cure right has expired, approve certain modifications and consent to certain actions to be taken with respect to the related mortgage loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics” and “—Additional Indebtedness”.

 

The purchase option that the holder of a subordinate companion loan or mezzanine debt holds pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement generally permits such holder to purchase its related defaulted mortgage loan for a purchase price generally equal to the outstanding principal balance of the related defaulted mortgage loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest) on, and unpaid servicing expenses, protective advances and interest on advances related to, such defaulted mortgage loan. However, in the event such holder is not obligated to pay some or all of those fees and additional expenses, including any liquidation fee payable to the special servicer under the terms of the pooling and servicing agreement, then the exercise of such holder’s rights under the intercreditor agreement to purchase the related mortgage loan from the issuing entity may result in a loss to the issuing entity in the amount of those fees and additional expenses. In addition, such holder’s right to cure defaults under the related defaulted mortgage loan could delay the issuing entity’s ability to realize on or otherwise take action with respect to such defaulted mortgage loan.

 

In addition, with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loan, you will not have any right to vote with respect to any matters relating to the servicing and administration of the non-serviced mortgage loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Servicing Mortgage Loan”.

 

You will be acknowledging and agreeing, by your purchase of offered certificates, that the companion loan holders:

 

 

may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more classes of certificates;

 

 

 

 

may act solely in its own interests, without regard to your interests;

 

 

do not have any duties to any other person, including the holders of any class of certificates;

 

 

may take actions that favor its interests over the interests of the holders of one or more classes of certificates; and

 

 

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will have no liability whatsoever for having so acted and that no certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the companion loan holder or its representative or any director, officer, employee, agent or principal of the companion loan holder or its representative for having so acted.

 

Risks Relating to Modifications of the Mortgage Loans

 

As delinquencies or defaults occur, the special servicer [and any sub-servicer] will be required to utilize an increasing amount of resources to work with borrowers to maximize collections on the mortgage loans serviced by it. This may include modifying the terms of such mortgage loans that are in default or whose default is reasonably foreseeable. At each step in the process of trying to bring a defaulted mortgage loan current or in maximizing proceeds to the issuing entity, the special servicer [and any sub-servicer] will be required to invest time and resources not otherwise required when collecting payments on performing mortgage loans. Modifications of mortgage loans implemented by the special servicer [or any sub-servicer] in order to maximize ultimate proceeds of such mortgage loans to issuing entity may have the effect of, among other things, reducing or otherwise changing the mortgage rate, forgiving or forbearing payments of principal, interest or other amounts owed under the mortgage loan, extending the final maturity date of the mortgage loan, capitalizing or deferring delinquent interest and other amounts owed under the mortgage loan, forbearing payment of a portion of the principal balance of the mortgage loan or any combination of these or other modifications.

 

Any modified mortgage loan may remain in the issuing entity, and the modification may result in a reduction in (or may eliminate) the funds received with respect of such mortgage loan. In particular, any modification to reduce or forgive the amount of interest payable on the mortgage loan will reduce the amount cash flow available to make distributions of interest on the certificates, which will likely impact the most subordinated classes of certificates that suffer the shortfall. To the extent the modification defers principal payments on the mortgage loan (including as a result of an extension of its stated maturity date), certificates entitled to principal distributions will likely be repaid more slowly than anticipated, and if principal payments on the mortgage loan are forgiven, the reduction will cause a write-down of the certificate balances of the certificates in reverse order of seniority. See “Description of the Certificates—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses”.

 

The ability to modify mortgage loans by the special servicer may be limited by several factors. First, if the special servicer has to consider a large number of modifications, operational constraints may affect the ability of the servicer to adequately address all of the needs of the borrowers. Furthermore, the terms of the related servicing agreement may prohibit the special servicer from taking certain actions in connection with a loan modification, such as an extension of the loan term beyond a specified date such as a specified number of years prior to the rated final distribution date. You should consider the importance of the role of the special servicer in maximizing collections for the transaction and the impediments the special servicer may encounter when servicing delinquent or defaulted mortgage loans. In some cases, failure by a special servicer to timely modify the terms of a defaulted mortgage loan may reduce amounts available for distribution on the certificates in respect of such mortgage loan, and consequently may reduce amounts available for distribution to the related certificates. In addition, even if a loan modification is successfully completed, we cannot assure you that that the related borrower will continue to perform under the terms of the modified mortgage loan.

 

Modifications that are designed to maximize collections in the aggregate may adversely affect a particular class of certificates. The pooling and servicing agreement obligates the special servicer not to consider the interests of individual classes of certificates. You should note that in connection with considering a modification or other type of loss mitigation, the special servicer may incur or bear related out-of-pocket expenses, such as appraisal fees, which would be reimbursed to the special servicer from the transaction as servicing advances and paid from amounts received on the modified loan or from other mortgage loans in the mortgage pool but in each case, prior to distributions being made on the certificates.

 

 

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Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan

 

Each sponsor is the sole warranting party in respect of the mortgage loans sold by such sponsor to us. Neither we nor any of our affiliates (except [___________] in its capacity as a sponsor) is obligated to repurchase or substitute any mortgage loan or make any payment to compensate the issuing entity in connection with a breach of any representation or warranty of a sponsor or any document defect, if the sponsor defaults on its obligation to do so. We cannot assure you that the sponsors will effect such repurchases or substitutions or make such payment to compensate the issuing entity. Although a loss of value payment may only be made to the extent that the special servicer deems such amount to be sufficient to compensate the issuing entity for such material defect or material breach, we cannot assure you that such loss of value payment will fully compensate the issuing entity for such material defect or material breach in all respects. In addition, the sponsors may have various legal defenses available to them in connection with a repurchase or substitution obligation or an obligation to pay the loss of value payment. [In particular, in the case of the non-serviced loan that is serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement entered into in connection with the securitization of the related pari passu companion loan, the asset representations reviewer under that pooling and servicing agreement may review the diligence file relating to such pari passu companion loan concurrently with the review of the asset representations reviewer of the related mortgage loan for this transaction, and their findings may be inconsistent, and such inconsistency may allow the related mortgage loan seller to challenge the findings of the asset representations reviewer of the affected mortgage loan.] Any mortgage loan that is not repurchased or substituted and that is not a “qualified mortgage” for a REMIC may cause designated portions of the issuing entity to fail to qualify as one or more REMICs or cause the issuing entity to incur a tax. See “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

Risks Relating to Interest on Advances and Special Servicing Compensation

 

To the extent described in this prospectus, the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will each be entitled to receive interest on unreimbursed advances made by it at the “Prime Rate” as published in The Wall Street Journal. This interest will generally accrue from the date on which the related advance is made or the related expense is incurred to the date of reimbursement. In addition, under certain circumstances, including delinquencies in the payment of principal and/or interest, a mortgage loan will be specially serviced and the special servicer will be entitled to compensation for special servicing activities. The right to receive interest on advances or special servicing compensation is senior to the rights of certificateholders to receive distributions on the offered certificates. The payment of interest on advances and the payment of compensation to the special servicer may lead to shortfalls in amounts otherwise distributable on your certificates.

 

Bankruptcy of a Servicer May Adversely Affect Collections on the Mortgage Loans and the Ability to Replace the Servicer

 

The master servicer or the special servicer may be eligible to become a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code or enter into receivership under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (“FDIA”). If a master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, were to become a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code or enter into receivership under the FDIA, although the pooling and servicing agreement provides that such an event would entitle the issuing entity to terminate the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, the provision would most likely not be enforceable. However, a rejection of the pooling and servicing agreement by a master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in a bankruptcy proceeding or repudiation of the pooling and servicing agreement in a receivership under the FDIA would be treated as a breach of the pooling and servicing agreement and give the issuing entity a claim for damages and the ability to appoint a successor master servicer or special servicer, as applicable. An assumption under the Bankruptcy Code would require the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, to cure its pre-bankruptcy defaults, if any, and demonstrate that it is able to perform following assumption. The bankruptcy court may permit the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, to assume the servicing agreement and assign it to a third party. An insolvency by an entity governed by state

 

 

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insolvency law would vary depending on the laws of the particular state. We cannot assure you that a bankruptcy or receivership of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, would not adversely impact the servicing of the mortgage loans or the issuing entity would be entitled to terminate the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in a timely manner or at all.

 

If any master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, becomes the subject of bankruptcy or similar proceedings, the issuing entity claim to collections in that master servicer or special servicer’s, as applicable, possession at the time of the bankruptcy filing or other similar filing may not be perfected. In this event, funds available to pay principal and interest on your certificates may be delayed or reduced.

 

The Sponsors, the Depositor and the Issuing Entity Are Subject to Bankruptcy or Insolvency Laws That May Affect the Issuing Entity’s Ownership of the Mortgage Loans

 

In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a sponsor or the depositor, it is possible the issuing entity’s right to payment from or ownership of the mortgage loans could be challenged, and if such challenge were successful, delays, reductions in payments and/or losses on the certificates could occur.

 

The transfer of the mortgage loans by the sponsors in connection with this offering is not expected to qualify for the securitization safe harbor adopted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) for securitizations sponsored by insured depository institutions. However, the safe harbor is non-exclusive.

 

In the case of each sponsor, an opinion of counsel will be rendered on the closing date, based on certain facts and assumptions and subject to certain qualifications, to the effect that the transfer of the applicable mortgage loans by such sponsor to the depositor would generally be respected in the event of a bankruptcy or insolvency of such sponsor. A legal opinion is not a guaranty as to what any particular court would actually decide, but rather an opinion as to the decision a court would reach if the issues are competently presented and the court followed existing precedent as to legal and equitable principles applicable in bankruptcy cases. In any event, we cannot assure you that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a bankruptcy trustee or another interested party, as applicable, would not attempt to assert that such transfer was not a sale. Even if a challenge were not successful, it is possible that payments on the certificates would be delayed while a court resolves the claim.

 

In addition, since the issuing entity is a common law trust, it may not be eligible for relief under the federal bankruptcy laws, unless it can be characterized as a “business trust” for purposes of the federal bankruptcy laws. Bankruptcy courts look at various considerations in making this determination, so it is not possible to predict with any certainty whether or not the issuing entity would be characterized as a “business trust”. Regardless of whether a bankruptcy court ultimately determines that the issuing entity is a “business trust”, it is possible that payments on the offered certificates would be delayed while the court resolved the issue.

 

Title II of the Dodd-Frank Act provides for an orderly liquidation authority (“OLA”) under which the FDIC can be appointed as receiver of certain systemically important non-bank financial companies and their direct or indirect subsidiaries in certain cases. We make no representation as to whether this would apply to any of the sponsors. In January 2011, the acting general counsel of the FDIC issued a letter (the “Acting General Counsel’s Letter”) in which he expressed his view that, under then-existing regulations, the FDIC, as receiver under the OLA, would not, in the exercise of its OLA repudiation powers, recover as property of a financial company assets transferred by the financial company, provided that the transfer satisfies the conditions for the exclusion of assets from the financial company’s estate under the Bankruptcy Code. The letter further noted that, while the FDIC staff may be considering recommending further regulations under OLA, the acting general counsel would recommend that such regulations incorporate a 90-day transition period for any provisions affecting the FDIC’s statutory power to disaffirm or repudiate contracts. If, however, the FDIC were to adopt a different approach than that described in the Acting General Counsel’s Letter, delays or reductions in payments on the offered certificates would occur.

 

 

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The Requirement of the Special Servicer to Obtain FIRREA-Compliant Appraisals May Result in an Increased Cost to the Issuing Entity

 

Each appraisal obtained pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement is required to contain a statement, or is accompanied by a letter from the appraiser, to the effect that the appraisal was performed in accordance with the requirements of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 (“FIRREA”), as in effect on the date such appraisal was obtained. Any such appraisal is likely to be more expensive than an appraisal that is not FIRREA compliant. Such increased cost could result in losses to the issuing entity. Additionally, FIRREA compliant appraisals are required to assume a value determined by a typically motivated buyer and seller, and could result in a higher appraised value than one not prepared assuming a forced liquidation or other distress situation. In addition, because a FIRREA compliant appraisal may result in a higher valuation than a non-FIRREA compliant appraisal, there may be a delay in calculating and applying appraisal reductions, which could result in the holders of a given class of certificates continuing to hold the full non-notionally reduced amount of such certificates for a longer period of time than would be the case if a non-FIRREA compliant appraisal were obtained.

 

Certain Federal Income Tax Considerations Regarding Original Issue Discount

 

Certain classes of certificates may be issued with “original issue discount” for federal income tax purposes. Original issue discount is taxable when it accrues rather than when it is received, resulting in the recognition of original issue discount as taxable income before any cash attributable to that taxable income is received. Investors must have sufficient sources of cash other than a certificate to pay any federal, state or local income taxes that may be imposed on original issue discount. See “Material Federal Income Tax Consequences—Taxation of Regular Interests—Original Issue Discount” in this prospectus.

 

Tax Matters and Changes in Tax Law May Adversely Impact the Mortgage Loans or Your Investment

 

Tax Considerations Relating to Foreclosure. If the issuing entity acquires a mortgaged property subsequent to a default on the related mortgage loan (other than the non-serviced mortgage loan) or whole loan pursuant to a foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, the special servicer would be required to retain an independent contractor to operate and manage such mortgaged property. Among other items, the independent contractor generally will not be able to perform construction work other than repair, maintenance or certain types of tenant build-outs, unless the construction was more than 10% completed when the mortgage loan defaulted or when the default of the mortgage loan becomes imminent. Any (i) net income from such operation (other than qualifying “rents from real property”) (ii) rental income based on the net profits of a tenant or sub-tenant or allocable to a service that is non-customary in the area and for the type of property involved and (iii) rental income attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property, if the rent attributable to the personal property exceeds 15% of the total rent for the taxable year, will subject the related Lower-Tier REMIC to federal tax (and possibly state or local tax) on such income at the corporate tax rate. No determination has been made whether any portion of the income from the mortgaged properties constitutes “rent from real property”. Any such imposition of tax will reduce the net proceeds available for distribution to certificateholders. The special servicer may permit the related Lower-Tier REMIC to earn “net income from foreclosure property” that is subject to tax if it determines that the net after-tax benefit to holders of certificates is greater than under another method of operating or leasing the mortgaged property. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”. In addition, if the issuing entity were to acquire one or more mortgaged properties pursuant to a foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, upon acquisition of those mortgaged properties, the issuing entity may in certain jurisdictions, particularly in New York, be required to pay state or local transfer or excise taxes upon liquidation of such properties. Such state or local taxes may reduce net proceeds available for distribution to the certificateholders.

 

REMIC Status. If an entity intended to qualify as a REMIC fails to satisfy one or more of the REMIC provisions of the Code during any taxable year, the Code provides that such entity will not be treated as a REMIC for such year and any year thereafter. In such event, the issuing entity, including the Upper-Tier REMIC and the Lower-Tier REMICs, would likely be treated as one or more separate

 

 

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associations taxable as corporations under Treasury regulations, and the offered certificates may be treated as stock interests in those associations and not as debt instruments.

 

Changes to REMIC Restrictions on Loan Modifications and REMIC Rules on Partial Releases May Impact an Investment in the Certificates

 

Ordinarily, a REMIC that modifies a mortgage loan jeopardizes its tax status as a REMIC and risks having a 100% penalty tax being imposed on any income from the mortgage loan. A REMIC may avoid such adverse REMIC consequences, however, if the mortgage loan is in default, default of such mortgage loan is “reasonably foreseeable” or other special circumstances apply.

 

Revenue Procedure 2009-45, issued by the Internal Revenue Service, eases the tax requirements for a servicer to modify a commercial or multifamily mortgage loan held in a REMIC by interpreting the circumstances under which default is “reasonably foreseeable” to include those where the servicer reasonably believes there is a “significant risk of default” with respect to the mortgage loan upon maturity of the loan or at an earlier date and that by making such modification the risk of default is substantially reduced. Accordingly, if the master servicer or the special servicer determined that an underlying mortgage loan was at significant risk of default and permitted one or more modifications otherwise consistent with the terms of the pooling and servicing agreement, any such modification may impact the timing and ultimate recovery on the mortgage loan, and likewise on one or more classes of certificates.

 

[[TO BE UPDATED TO THE EXTENT NECESSARY TO PROVIDE A CURRENT DESCRIPTION OF ANY RELATED REVENUE PROCEDURE OR SIMILAR RULE OR REGULATION] The IRS has also issued Revenue Procedure 2020-26 (extended by Revenue Procedure 2021-12) easing the tax requirements for a servicer to modify certain mortgage loans held in a REMIC by permitting certain forbearances (and related modifications) for up to 6 months that are agreed to by a borrower between March 27, 2020 and September 30, 2021, and that are made under certain forbearance programs for borrowers experiencing a financial hardship due, directly or indirectly, to the COVID-19 emergency. Under the revenue procedure, these forbearances (a) are not treated as resulting in a newly issued mortgage loan for purposes of Treasury Regulations section 1.860G-2(b)(1), (b) are not prohibited transactions under Code Section 860F(a)(2), and (c) do not result in a deemed reissuance of related REMIC regular interests. Accordingly, the master servicer or the special servicer may grant certain forbearances (and engage in related modifications), whether or not covered under Revenue Procedure 2020-26 and Revenue Procedure 2021-12, with respect to a mortgage loan in connection with the COVID-19 emergency, which may impact the timing of payments and ultimate recovery on the mortgage loan, and likewise on one or more classes of certificates.]

 

In addition, the IRS has issued final regulations under the REMIC provisions of the Internal Revenue Code that allow a servicer to modify terms of REMIC-held mortgage loans without risking adverse REMIC consequences provided that both (1) the modification relates to changes in collateral, credit enhancement and recourse features, and (2) after the modification the mortgage loan remains “principally secured by real property” (that is, as long as the loan continues to satisfy the “REMIC LTV Test”). In general, a mortgage loan meets the REMIC LTV Test if the loan-to-value ratio is no greater than 125%. One of the modifications covered by the final regulations is a release of a lien on one or more of the mortgaged properties securing a REMIC-held mortgage loan. Following such a release, however, it may be difficult to demonstrate that a mortgage loan still meets the REMIC LTV Test. To provide relief for taxpayers, the IRS has issued Revenue Procedure 2010-30, which describes circumstances in which the IRS will not challenge whether a mortgage loan satisfies the REMIC LTV Test following a lien release. The lien releases covered by Revenue Procedure 2010-30 are “grandfathered transactions” and transactions in which the release is part of a “qualified pay-down transaction.” If the value of the real property securing a mortgage loan were to decline, the need to comply with the rules of Revenue Procedure 2010-30 could restrict the special servicer’s actions in negotiating the terms of a workout or in allowing minor lien releases for cases in which a mortgage loan could fail the REMIC LTV Test following the release. This could impact the timing and ultimate recovery on a mortgage loan, and likewise on one or more classes of certificates. Further, if a mortgaged property becomes the subject of a partial condemnation and, after giving effect to the partial taking the mortgaged property has a loan-to-value ratio in excess of 125%, the

 

 

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related mortgage loan may be subject to being paid down by a “qualified amount” (within the meaning of Revenue Procedure 2010-30) notwithstanding the existence of a prepayment lockout period.

 

You should consider the possible impact on your investment of any existing REMIC restrictions as well as any potential changes to the REMIC rules.

 

State and Local Taxes Could Adversely Impact Your Investment

 

In addition to the federal income tax consequences described under the heading “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations”, potential purchasers should consider the state and local income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the certificates. State income tax laws may differ substantially from the corresponding federal income tax laws, and this prospectus does not purport to describe any aspects of the income tax laws of the states or localities in which the Mortgaged Properties are located or of any other applicable state or locality or other jurisdiction.

 

It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may (i) attempt to tax nonresident holders of certificates solely by reason of the location in that jurisdiction of the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, a borrower or a mortgaged property or on some other basis, (ii) require nonresident holders of certificates to file returns in such jurisdiction or (iii) attempt to impose penalties for failure to file such returns; and it is possible that any such jurisdiction will ultimately succeed in collecting such taxes or penalties from nonresident holders of certificates.

 

We cannot assure you that holders of certificates will not be subject to tax in any particular state or local taxing jurisdiction.

 

If any tax or penalty is successfully asserted by any state or local taxing jurisdiction, neither we nor any other person will be obligated to indemnify or otherwise to reimburse the holders of Certificates for such tax or penalty.

 

You should consult your own tax advisors with respect to the various state and local tax consequences of an investment in the certificates.

 

General Risk Factors

 

Combination or “Layering” of Multiple Risks May Significantly Increase Risk of Loss

 

Although the various risks discussed in this prospectus are generally described separately, you should consider the potential effects of the interplay of multiple risk factors. Where more than one significant risk factor is present, the risk of loss to an investor in the certificates may be significantly increased.

 

The Certificates May Not Be a Suitable Investment for You

 

The certificates will not be suitable investments for all investors. In particular, you should not purchase any class of certificates unless you understand and are able to bear the risk that the yield to maturity and the aggregate amount and timing of distributions on the certificates will be subject to material variability from period to period and give rise to the potential for significant loss over the life of the certificates. The interaction of the foregoing factors and their effects are impossible to predict and are likely to change from time to time. As a result, an investment in the certificates involves substantial risks and uncertainties and should be considered only by sophisticated institutional investors with substantial investment experience with similar types of securities and who have conducted appropriate due diligence on the mortgage loans, the mortgaged properties and the certificates.

 

 

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The Volatile Economy, Credit Crisis and Downturn in the Real Estate Market Adversely Affected the Value of CMBS and Similar Factors May in the Future Adversely Affect the Value of CMBS

 

The real estate and securitization markets, including the market for commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), as well as global financial markets and the economy generally, have recently and in the past experienced significant dislocations, illiquidity and volatility, and thus affected the values of CMBS. Declines in real estate values, coupled with diminished availability of leverage and/or refinancings for commercial real estate resulted in increased delinquencies and defaults on commercial mortgage loans. In addition, the downturn in the general economy affected the financial strength of many commercial real estate tenants and resulted in increased rent delinquencies and decreased occupancy.

 

Any future economic downturn may lead to decreased occupancies, decreased rents or other declines in income from, or the value of, commercial real estate, which would likely have an adverse effect on the value and/or liquidity of CMBS that are backed by loans secured by such commercial real estate. We cannot assure you that the CMBS market will not be adversely affected by these factors. Even if the CMBS market is not affected by these factors, the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans and, therefore, the mortgage loans and the related certificates, may nevertheless decline in value. Any economic downturn may adversely affect the financial resources under commercial mortgage loans and may result in an inability of CMBS borrowers to make interest and principal payments on, or refinance, their outstanding debt when due or to sell their mortgaged properties for an amount sufficient to pay off the outstanding debt when due. As a result, distributions of principal and interest on your certificates, and the value of your certificates, could be adversely affected.

 

In addition to credit factors directly affecting CMBS, the markets for other asset-backed securities and structured products may also affect CMBS. Therefore, even if CMBS are performing as anticipated, the value of CMBS in the secondary market may nevertheless decline as a result of a deterioration in general market conditions for other asset backed securities or structured products. Trading activity associated with CMBS indices may also drive spreads on those indices wider than spreads on CMBS, thereby resulting in a decrease in value of CMBS.

 

Other Events May Affect the Value and Liquidity of Your Investment

 

Moreover, other types of events, domestic or international, may affect general economic conditions and financial markets:

 

 

Wars, revolts, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, energy supply or price disruptions, political crises, pandemics, natural disasters, civil unrest, riots and/or protests and man-made disasters may have an adverse effect on the mortgaged properties and/or your certificates; and

 

 

 

 

Trading activity associated with indices of CMBS may drive spreads on those indices wider than spreads on CMBS, thereby resulting in a decrease in value of such CMBS, including your certificates, and spreads on those indices may be affected by a variety of factors, and may or may not be affected for reasons involving the commercial and multifamily real estate markets and may be affected for reasons that are unknown and cannot be discerned.

 

You should consider that the foregoing factors may adversely affect the performance of the mortgage loans and accordingly the performance of the offered certificates.

 

Legal and Regulatory Provisions Affecting Investors Could Adversely Affect the Liquidity of the Offered Certificates

 

We make no representation as to the proper characterization of the offered certificates for legal investment, financial institution regulatory, financial reporting or other purposes, as to the ability of particular investors to purchase the offered certificates under applicable legal investment or other restrictions or as to the consequences of an investment in the offered certificates for such purposes or under such restrictions. Changes in federal banking and securities laws and other laws and regulations

 

 

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may have an adverse effect on issuers, investors, or other participants in the asset-backed securities markets including the CMBS market. While the general effects of such changes are uncertain, regulatory or legislative provisions applicable to certain investors may have the effect of limiting or restricting their ability to hold or acquire CMBS, which in turn may adversely affect the ability of investors in the offered certificates who are not subject to those provisions to resell their certificates in the secondary market. For example:

 

 

Investors should be aware, and in some cases are required to be aware, of the investor diligence requirements that apply in the EU (the “EU Due Diligence Requirements”) under Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 (as amended, the “EU Securitization Regulation”), and in the UK (the “UK Due Diligence Requirements”) under Regulation (EU) 2017/2402, as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA, and as amended by the Securitization (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (the “UK Securitization Regulation”), in addition to any other regulatory requirements that are (or may become) applicable to them and/or with respect to their investment in the certificates.

 

 

 

 

The EU Due Diligence Requirements apply to “institutional investors” (as defined in the EU Securitization Regulation), being (subject to certain conditions and exceptions) (a) institutions for occupational retirement provision; (b) credit institutions (as defined in Regulation (EU) No 575/2013, as amended (the “CRR”)); (c) alternative investment fund managers who manage and/or market alternative investment funds in the EU; (d) investment firms (as defined in the CRR); (e) insurance and reinsurance undertakings; and (f) management companies of UCITS funds (or internally managed UCITS); and the EU Due Diligence Requirements apply also to certain consolidated affiliates of such credit institutions and investment firms. Each such institutional investor and each relevant affiliate is referred to herein as an “EU Institutional Investor”.

 

 

The UK Due Diligence Requirements apply to “institutional investors” (as defined in the UK Securitization Regulation) being (subject to certain conditions and exceptions): (a) insurance undertakings and reinsurance undertakings as defined in the FSMA; (b) occupational pension schemes as defined in the Pension Schemes Act 1993 that have their main administration in the UK, and certain fund managers of such schemes; (c) alternative investment fund managers as defined in the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Regulations 2013 which market or manage alternative investment funds in the UK; (d) UCITS as defined in the FSMA, which are authorized open ended investment companies as defined in the FSMA, and management companies as defined in the FSMA; and (e) CRR firms as defined in Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA; and the UK Due Diligence Requirements apply also to certain consolidated affiliates of such CRR firms. Each such institutional investor and each relevant affiliate is referred to herein as a “UK Institutional Investor”.

 

 

EU Institutional Investors and UK Institutional Investors are referred to together as “Institutional Investors”. EU Securitization Regulation and UK Securitization Regulation are each a “Securitization Regulation” and EU Due Diligence Requirements and UK Due Diligence Requirements are each “Due Diligence Requirements”, and a reference to the “applicable Securitization Regulation” or “applicable Due Diligence Requirements” means, in relation to an Institutional Investor, as the case may be, the Securitization Regulation or the Due Diligence Requirements to which such Institutional Investor is subject. In addition, for the purpose of the following paragraph, a reference to a “third country” means (i) in respect of an EU Institutional Investor and the EU Securitization Regulation, a country other than an EU member state, or (ii) in respect of a UK Institutional Investor and the UK Securitization Regulation, a country other than the UK.

 

 

The applicable Due Diligence Requirements restrict an Institutional Investor from investing in a securitization unless:

 

 

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(a)

in each case, it has verified that the originator, sponsor or original lender will retain, on an ongoing basis, a material net economic interest of not less than five percent. in the securitization, determined in accordance with Article 6 of the applicable Securitization Regulation, and the risk retention is disclosed to the Institutional Investor (the “Risk Retention Requirements”);

 

 

 

 

(b)

in the case of an EU Institutional Investor, it has verified that the originator, sponsor or SSPE has, where applicable, made available the information required by Article 7 of the EU Securitization Regulation (the “EU Transparency Requirements”) in accordance with the frequency and modalities provided for thereunder;

 

 

(c)

in the case of a UK Institutional Investor, it has verified that the originator, sponsor or securitization special purpose entity:

 

 

(i)

if established in the UK has, where applicable, made available the information required by Article 7 of the UK Securitization Regulation (the “UK Transparency Requirements”) in accordance with the frequency and modalities provided for thereunder; and

 

 

(ii)

if established in a third country has, where applicable, made available information which is substantially the same as that which it would have made available under the UK Transparency Requirements if it had been established in the UK, and has done so with such frequency and modalities as are substantially the same as those with which it would have made information available if it had been established in the UK; and

 

 

(d)

in each case, it has verified that, where the originator or original lender either (i) is not a credit institution or an investment firm (each as defined in the applicable Securitization Regulation) or (ii) is established in a third country, the originator or original lender grants all the credits giving rise to the underlying exposures on the basis of sound and well-defined criteria and clearly established processes for approving, amending, renewing and financing those credits and has effective systems in place to apply those criteria and processes in order to ensure that credit-granting is based on a thorough assessment of the obligor’s creditworthiness.

 

 

The applicable Due Diligence Requirements further require that an Institutional Investor carry out a due diligence assessment which enables it to assess the risks involved prior to investing, including but not limited to the risk characteristics of the individual investment position and the underlying assets and all the structural features of the securitization that can materially impact the performance of the investment. In addition, pursuant to the applicable Securitization Regulation, while holding an exposure to a securitization, an Institutional Investor is subject to various monitoring obligations in relation to such exposure, including but not limited to: (i) establishing appropriate written procedures to monitor compliance with the due diligence requirements and the performance of the investment and of the underlying assets; (ii) performing stress tests on the cash flows and collateral values supporting the underlying assets; (iii) ensuring internal reporting to its management body; and (iv) being able to demonstrate to its competent authorities, upon request, that it has a comprehensive and thorough understanding of the investment and underlying assets and that it has implemented written policies and procedures for the risk management and as otherwise required by the applicable Securitization Regulation.

 

 

Failure on the part of an Institutional Investor to comply with the applicable Due Diligence Requirements may result in various penalties including, in the case of those investors subject to regulatory capital requirements, the imposition of a punitive capital charge in respect of the investment in the securitization acquired by the relevant investor. Aspects of the requirements and what is or will be required to demonstrate compliance to national regulators remain unclear.

 

 

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Prospective investors should make themselves aware of the applicable Due Diligence Requirements described above (and any corresponding implementing rules of their regulator), where applicable to them, in addition to any other applicable regulatory requirements with respect to their investment in the certificates.

 

 

 

 

[None of the originators, the sponsors, the depositor or the issuing entity intends to retain a material net economic interest in the securitization constituted by the issuance of the certificates in a manner that would satisfy the Risk Retention Requirements or to take any other action that may be required by Institutional Investors for the purposes of their compliance with either of the applicable Due Diligence Requirements, and no such person assumes (i) any obligation to so retain or take any such other action or (ii) any liability whatsoever in connection with any certificateholder’s non-compliance with the applicable Due Diligence Requirements. Consequently, the certificates are not a suitable investment for Institutional Investors. As a result, the price and liquidity of the certificates in the secondary market may be adversely affected. This could adversely affect your ability to transfer your certificates or the price you may receive upon your sale of your certificates. Each investor should evaluate the impact any such non-compliance may have on it.]

 

 

Changes in federal banking and securities laws, including those resulting from the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) enacted in the United States, may have an adverse effect on issuers, investors or other participants in the asset-backed securities markets. In particular, capital regulations issued by the U.S. banking regulators in 2013 implement the increased capital requirements established under the Basel Accord and are being phased in over time. These capital regulations eliminate reliance on credit ratings and otherwise alter, and in most cases increase, the capital requirements imposed on depository institutions and their holding companies, including with respect to ownership of asset-backed securities such as CMBS. Further changes in capital requirements have been announced by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and it is uncertain when such changes will be implemented in the United States. When fully implemented in the United States, these changes may have an adverse effect with respect to investments in asset-backed securities, including CMBS. As a result of these regulations, investments in CMBS such as the certificates by financial institutions subject to bank capital regulations may result in greater capital charges to these financial institutions and these new regulations may otherwise adversely affect the treatment of CMBS for their regulatory capital purposes.

 

 

Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act (such statutory provision together with the implementing regulations, the “Volcker Rule”) generally prohibits “banking entities” (which is broadly defined to include U.S. banks and bank holding companies and many non-U.S. banking entities, together with their respective subsidiaries and other affiliates) from (i) engaging in proprietary trading, (ii) acquiring or retaining an ownership interest in or sponsoring a “covered fund” and (iii) entering into certain relationships with such funds. Under the Volcker Rule, unless otherwise jointly determined otherwise by specified federal regulators, a “covered fund” does not include an issuer that may rely on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act other than the exclusions contained in Section 3(c)(1) and Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.

 

 

The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption under the Investment Company Act contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity will not be relying upon Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a basis for not registering under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule. The general effects of the Volcker Rule remain uncertain. Any prospective investor in the certificates, including a U.S. or foreign bank or a subsidiary or other bank affiliate, should consult its own legal advisors regarding such matters and other effects of the Volcker Rule.

 

 

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The Financial Accounting Standards Board has adopted changes to the accounting standards for structured products. These changes, or any future changes, may affect the accounting for entities such as the issuing entity, could under certain circumstances require an investor or its owner generally to consolidate the assets of the issuing entity in its financial statements and record third parties’ investments in the issuing entity as liabilities of that investor or owner or could otherwise adversely affect the manner in which the investor or its owner must report an investment in CMBS for financial reporting purposes.

 

 

 

 

For purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended, [no] class of certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities”.

 

Further changes in federal banking and securities laws and other laws and regulations may have an adverse effect on issuers, investors, or other participants in the asset-backed securities markets (including the CMBS market) and may have adverse effect on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the offered certificates.

 

Accordingly, all investors whose investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements, or review by regulatory authorities should consult with their own legal, accounting and other advisors in determining whether, and to what extent, the offered certificates will constitute legal investments for them or are subject to investment or other restrictions, unfavorable accounting treatment, capital charges or reserve requirements. See “Legal Investment”.

 

In addition, this transaction is structured to comply with the Credit Risk Retention Rules as and to the extent set forth under “Credit Risk Retention”. We cannot assure you that the retaining sponsor will at times satisfy such credit risk retention requirements. At this time, it is unclear what effect a failure of the retaining sponsor to be in compliance with the Credit Risk Retention Rules at any time will have on the certificateholders or the market value or liquidity of the certificates.

 

 

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Description of the Mortgage Pool

 

General

 

The assets of the issuing entity will consist of (i) a pool of [___] fixed rate mortgage loans (the “Mortgage Loans” or, collectively, the “Mortgage Pool” ) with an aggregate principal balance as of the Cut-off Date (the “Initial Pool Balance”) and (ii) [__] trust subordinate companion loans described below. The “Cut-off Date”  means [________].

 

[__________] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are each part of a larger whole loan, each of which is comprised of the related Mortgage Loan and one or more loans that are pari passu in right of payment to the related Mortgage Loan (collectively referred to in this prospectus as “Pari Passu Companion Loans”) and/or are subordinate in right of payment to the related Mortgage Loan (referred to in this prospectus as a “Subordinate Companion Loan”). The Pari Passu Companion Loans and the Subordinate Companion Loan are collectively referred to as the “Companion Loans” in this prospectus, and each Mortgage Loan and the related Companion Loans are collectively referred to as a “Whole Loan”. Each Companion Loan is secured by the same mortgage and the same single assignment of leases and rents securing the related Mortgage Loan. See “—The Whole Loans” below for more information regarding the rights of the holders of the Companion Loans and the servicing and administration of the Whole Loans that will not be serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction. One Subordinate Companion Loan (the “Trust Subordinate Companion Loan”) relating to [_____] Mortgage Loan, with an aggregate principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $[_______], will be included in the issuing entity. Although the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will be an asset of the issuing entity, amounts distributable in respect of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement will be payable only to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates. [FOR PURPOSES OF THIS PROSPECTUS, IT IS ASSUMED THAT ONE SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN WILL BE AN ASSET OF THE ISSUING ENTITY (AND REFERRED TO HERE IN AS A TRUST SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN), AND WOULD BE REPRESENTED BY A LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS OF CERTIFICATES, WE ALSO ASSUME THE POSSIBILITY OF A SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN THAT IS AN ASSET OWNED BY A THIRD PARTY AND NOT BY THE ISSUING ENTITY. IN THE CASE OF THAT SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN, THERE IS NO LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS OF CERTIFICATES ISSUED, AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE HOLDER OF THE SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN WOULD BE EXERCISED OR PERFORMED BY THAT HOLDER, RATHER THAN, AS IS SET FORTH IN THIS PROSPECTUS, BY A HOLDER OF THE LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS OF CERTIFICATES (SOMETIMES REFERRED TO IN THIS PROSPECTUS AS THE LOAN SPECIFIC DIRECTING CERTIFICATEHOLDER.)]

 

The Mortgage Loans and Whole Loans were originated or acquired by the mortgage loan sellers set forth in the following chart and such entities will sell their respective Mortgage Loans and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan to the depositor, which will turn sell the Mortgage Loans and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan to the issuing entity:

 

Sellers of the Mortgage Loans

 

Seller

 

Number of Mortgage
Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-Off Date Balance of Mortgage Loans

 

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

  [___]

 

[___]

[___]

 

[___]

 

  [___]

 

[___]

[___]

 

[___]

 

  [___]

 

[___]

Total

 

[___]

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

 

(1)

[Add appropriate footnotes.]

 

 

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Each of the Mortgage Loans [or Whole Loans] is evidenced by one or more promissory notes or similar evidence of indebtedness (each a “Mortgage Note”) and, in each case, secured by (or, in the case of an indemnity deed of trust, backed by a guaranty that is secured by) a mortgage, deed of trust or other similar security instrument (a “Mortgage”) creating a first lien on a fee simple and/or leasehold interest in a commercial or multifamily real property (each, a “Mortgaged Property”). For purposes of this prospectus, a Mortgage Loan will be considered secured by a multifamily property or properties if each multifamily property consists of a single parcel or two or more contiguous or non-contiguous parcels that have an aggregate of five or more residential rental units that are collectively managed and operated.][IF A LOAN DOES NOT SATISFY THE DEFINITION OF “COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE LOAN” UNDER REGULATION RR, THE SPONSOR WILL NOT SATISFY RISK RETENTION THROUGH THE RETENTION BY A THIRD-PARTY PURCHASER OF AN ELIGIBLE HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST]

 

The Mortgage Loans are generally non-recourse loans. In the event of a borrower default on a non-recourse Mortgage Loan, recourse may be had only against the specific Mortgaged Property and the other limited assets securing such Mortgage Loan, and not against the related borrower’s other assets. The Mortgage Loans are not insured or guaranteed by the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers or any other person or entity unrelated to the respective borrower. You should consider all of the Mortgage Loans to be nonrecourse loans as to which recourse in the case of default will be limited to the specific property and other assets, if any, pledged to secure the related Mortgage Loan.

 

Certain Calculations and Definitions

 

This prospectus sets forth certain information with respect to the Mortgage Loans and the Mortgaged Properties. The sum in any column of the tables presented in Annex A-2 may not equal the indicated total due to rounding. The information in Annex A-1, Annex A-2 and Annex A-3 with respect to the Mortgage Loans (or Whole Loans, if applicable) and the Mortgaged Properties is based upon the pool of the Mortgage Loans as it is expected to be constituted as of the close of business on the [____________] (the “Closing Date”), assuming that (i) all scheduled principal and interest payments due on or before the Cut-off Date will be made and (ii) there will be no principal prepayments on or before the Closing Date. The statistics in Annex A-1, Annex A-2 and Annex A-3 were primarily derived from information provided to the depositor by each sponsor, which information may have been obtained from the borrowers.

 

All percentages of the Mortgage Loans and Mortgaged Properties, or of any specified group of Mortgage Loans and Mortgaged Properties, referred to in this prospectus without further description are approximate percentages of the Initial Pool Balance by Cut-off Date Balances and/or the allocated loan amount allocated to such Mortgaged Properties as of the Cut-off Date.

 

Except as specifically provided in this prospectus, information presented in this prospectus (including loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios, debt yields and cut-off date balances per net rentable square foot, pad, room or unit, as applicable) is calculated including the principal balance and debt service payment of any related Pari Passu Companion Loan, but excluding the principal balance and debt service payment of any related Subordinate Companion Loan (or any other subordinate debt encumbering the related mortgaged property or any related mezzanine debt or preferred equity).

 

With respect to each Mortgaged Property, any appraisal of such Mortgaged Property, Phase I environmental report, Phase II environmental report or seismic or property condition report obtained in connection with origination (each, a “Third Party Report”) was prepared prior to the date of this prospectus. The information included in the Third Party Reports may not reflect the current economic, competitive, market and other conditions with respect to the Mortgaged Properties. The Third Party Reports may be based on assumptions regarding market conditions and other matters as reflected in those Third Party Reports. The opinions of value rendered by the appraisers in the appraisals are subject to the assumptions and conditions set forth in those appraisals.

 

 

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Definitions. For purposes of this prospectus, including the information presented in the Annexes, the indicated terms have the following meanings:

 

ADR” means, for any hotel property, average daily rate.

 

Allocated Loan Amount” means, in the case of Mortgage Loans secured by a portfolio of Mortgaged Properties, a portion of the Cut-off Date Balance allocated to each Mortgaged Property based upon one or more of the related appraised values, the related underwritten net cash flow or prior allocations reflected in the related Mortgage Loan documents; provided that with respect to any Whole Loan secured by a portfolio of Mortgaged Properties, the Allocated Loan Amount represents only the pro rata portion of the related Mortgage Loan principal balance amount relative to the related Whole Loan principal balance.

 

Annual Debt Service” generally means, for any Mortgage Loan, 12 times the average of the principal and interest payments for the first 12 payment periods of the Mortgage Loan following the Cut-off Date (but without regard to any leap year adjustments), provided that: (i) in the case of a Mortgage Loan that provides for interest only payments through maturity, the aggregate interest payments scheduled to be due on the Due Date following the Cut-off Date and the 11 Due Dates thereafter for such Mortgage Loan; and (ii) in the case of a Mortgage Loan that provides for an initial interest only period and provides for scheduled amortization payments after the expiration of such interest-only period, 12 times the monthly payment of principal and interest payable during the amortization period. Monthly debt service and the debt service coverage ratios are also calculated using the average of the principal and interest payments for the first twelve payment periods of the Mortgage Loan following the Cut-off Date (but without regard to any leap year adjustments), subject to the proviso to the prior sentence. In the case of any Whole Loan, Annual Debt Service is calculated with respect to the Mortgage Loan including any related Companion Loan (except, in the case of a Mortgage Loan with the Subordinate Companion Loan, Loan-to-Value Ratios were calculated without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan. Annual Debt Service is calculated with regard to the related Mortgage Loan included in the issuing entity only, unless otherwise indicated.

 

Appraised Value” means, for any Mortgaged Property, the appraiser’s adjusted value of such Mortgaged Property as determined by the most recent third party appraisal of the Mortgaged Property available to the applicable mortgage loan seller [as set forth under “Appraised Value” on Annex A-1]. In certain cases, the appraisals state an “as-stabilized”, “as complete”, “as repaired”, “hypothetical”, or “as renovated” value (or any equivalent term) as well as an “as-is” value for the related Mortgaged Property that assume that certain events will occur with respect to the retenanting, construction renovation or repairs at such Mortgaged Property. In most such cases, the applicable mortgage loan seller has taken reserves sufficient to complete such retenanting, construction, renovation or repairs. We make no representation that sufficient amounts have been reserved or that the appraised value would approximate either the value that would be determined in a current appraisal of the related Mortgaged Property or the amount that would be realized upon a sale. In addition, with respect to the Mortgage Loan secured by the portfolio of Mortgaged Properties, the Appraised Value represents the “as-is”, “as-complete” or “as-stabilized” value for the portfolio of Mortgaged Properties as a collective whole, which is generally higher than the aggregate of the “as-is” “as-complete” or “as-stabilized” appraised values of the individual Mortgaged Properties. With respect to any Mortgage Loan that is a part of a Whole Loan, Appraised Value is based on the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property that secures the entire Whole Loan.

 

In the case of certain of the Mortgage Loans, the Loan-to-Value Ratio for such Mortgage Loans has been calculated based on the “as-complete” or “as stabilized” Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property, and in certain other cases, based on an Appraised Value that includes certain property that does not qualify as real property. The Appraised Value set forth on Annex A-1 is the “as-is” value unless otherwise specified in this prospectus, on Annex A-1 and/or the related footnotes.

 

Balloon Balance” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the principal amount that will be due at maturity (or, in the case of any ARD Loan, at the related Anticipated Repayment Date) for such Mortgage Loan, assuming no payment defaults or principal prepayments.

 

 

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Cash Flow Analysis” is, with respect to one or more of the Mortgaged Properties securing a Mortgage Loan among the 15 largest Mortgage Loans or groups of cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans, a summary presentation of certain adjusted historical financial information provided by the related borrower, and a calculation of the Underwritten Net Cash Flow expressed as (a) “Effective Gross Income” minus (b) “Total Operating Expenses” and underwritten replacement reserves and (if applicable) tenant improvements and leasing commissions. For this purpose:

 

 

Effective Gross Income” means, with respect to any Mortgaged Property, the revenue derived from the use and operation of that property, less allowances for vacancies, concessions and credit losses. The “revenue” component of such calculation was generally determined on the basis of the information described with respect to the “revenue” component described under “Underwritten Net Operating Income” below. In general, any non-recurring revenue items and non-property related revenue are eliminated from the calculation of Effective Gross Income.

 

 

 

 

Total Operating Expenses” means, with respect to any Mortgaged Property, all operating expenses associated with that property, including, but not limited to, utilities, administrative expenses, repairs and maintenance, management fees, advertising costs, insurance premiums, real estate taxes and (if applicable) ground rent. Such expenses were generally determined on the basis of the same information as the “expense” component described under “Underwritten Net Cash Flow” below.

 

To the extent available, selected historical income, expenses and net operating income associated with the operation of the related Mortgaged Property securing each Mortgage Loan appear in each cash flow summary contained in Annex A-3 to this prospectus. Such information is one of the sources (but not the only source) of information on which calculations of Underwritten Net Cash Flow are based. The historical information presented is derived from audited and/or unaudited financial statements provided by the borrowers. The historical information in the cash flow summaries reflects adjustments made by the mortgage loan seller to exclude certain items contained in the related financial statements that were not considered in calculating Underwritten Net Cash Flow and is presented in a different format from the financial statements to show a comparison to the Underwritten Net Cash Flow. In general, solely for purposes of the presentation of historical financial information, the amount set forth under the caption “effective gross income” consists of the “total revenues” set forth in the applicable financial statements (including (as and to the extent stated) rental revenues, tenant reimbursements and recovery income (and, in the case of hospitality properties and certain other property types, parking income, telephone income, food and beverage income, laundry income and other income), with adjustments to exclude amounts recognized on the financial statements under a straight line method of recognizing rental income (including increases in minimum rents and rent abatements) from operating leases over their lives and items indicated as extraordinary or one time revenue collections or considered nonrecurring in property operations. The amount set forth under the caption “total operating expenses” in the historical financial information consists of the total expenses set forth in the applicable financial statements, with adjustments to exclude allocated parent company expenses, restructuring charges and charges associated with employee severance and termination benefits, interest expenses paid to company affiliates or unrelated third parties, charges for depreciation and amortization and items indicated as extraordinary or one time losses or considered nonrecurring in property operations.

 

The selected historical information presented in the cash flow summaries is derived from audited and/or unaudited financial statements furnished by the respective borrowers which have not been verified by the depositor, any underwriters, the mortgage loan sellers or any other person. Audits or other verification of such financial statements could result in changes thereto, which could in turn result in the historical net income presented herein being overstated or understated.

 

Cut-off Date Balance” of any Mortgage Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, will be the unpaid principal balance of that Mortgage Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, as of the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, after application of all payments due on or before that date, whether or not received.

 

 

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Cut-off Date LTV Ratio”, “Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio”, “Cut-off Date LTV”, or “Current LTV” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, (a) the Cut-off Date Balance of such Mortgage Loan divided (b) by the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties.

 

EGI” means “Effective Gross Income”, as defined under “Cash Flow Analysis” above.

 

GLA” means gross leasable area.

 

Grace Period” is the number of days before a payment default is an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan and/or before the imposition of late payment charges and/or default interest.

 

Hard Lockbox” means that the borrower is required to direct the tenants to pay rents directly to a lockbox account controlled by the lender. Hotel, multifamily and manufactured housing community properties are considered to have a hard lockbox if credit card receivables are required to be deposited directly into the lockbox account even though cash, checks or “over the counter” receipts are deposited by the manager of the related Mortgaged Property into the lockbox account controlled by the lender.

 

In-Place Cash Management” means, for funds directed into a lockbox, such funds are generally not made immediately available to the related borrower, but instead are forwarded to a cash management account controlled by the lender and the funds are disbursed according to the related Mortgage Loan documents with any excess remitted to the related borrower (unless an event of default under the Mortgage Loan documents or one or more specified trigger events have occurred and are outstanding) generally on a daily basis.

 

IO” means interest only.

 

IO Period UW NCF DSCR” means the Debt Service Coverage Ratio with respect to any related mortgage loan that has an interest-only period that has not expired as of the Cut-off Date but will expire prior to maturity.

 

Largest Tenant” means, with respect to any Mortgaged Property, the tenant occupying the largest amount of net rentable square feet.

 

Largest Tenant Lease Expiration” means the date at which the applicable Largest Tenant’s lease is scheduled to expire.

 

Loan Per Unit” means the principal balance per Unit as of the Cut-off Date. With respect to any mortgage loan that is part of an AB Whole Loan, the Loan Per Unit is calculated without regard to the subordinate companion loan and is based solely on the mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan that is part of a Loan Pair or Non-Serviced Loan Combination, the Loan Per Unit is calculated with regard to both the Serviced Companion Loan (or Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as applicable) and the related mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan contained in any group of cross-collateralized mortgage loans, the Loan Per Unit is calculated on the basis of the aggregate principal balances of all mortgage loans comprising such group.

 

Loan-to-Value Ratio,” “Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio”, “Cut-off Date LTV,” “Cut-off Date LTV Ratio,” “LTV Ratio” or “Current LTV” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, (a) the Cut-off Date Balance of such Mortgage Loan divided (b) by the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties.

 

In the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan unless otherwise indicated, Loan-to-Value Ratios were calculated with respect to such Mortgage Loan including any related Companion Loan (except, in the case of a Mortgage Loan with a Subordinate Companion Loan, Loan-to-Value Ratios were calculated without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan).

 

With respect to any cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted Mortgage Loan, such terms mean the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of the related Mortgage Loans divided

 

 

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by the aggregate Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Properties. See the definition of “Appraised Value” above and Annex A-1 and the related footnotes.

 

With respect to the Mortgaged Properties that secure the Mortgage Loans listed in the following table, the respective Cut-off Date LTV Ratio was calculated based on the respective Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. The respective Cut-off Date LTV Ratios calculated without adjusting for the related earnout or holdback reserve are as follows:

 

Mortgage Loan Name

 

% of Initial Pool
Balance

 

Un-Adjusted
Cut-off Date LTV
Ratio

 

Holdback Amount

 

Cut-off Date
LTV Ratio

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

Loan-to-Value Ratio at Maturity or ARD”, “LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD,” “Balloon LTV”, “Maturity Date LTV Ratio” or “Maturity Date LTV” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, (a) the Balloon Balance for such Mortgage Loan, divided by (b) the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties.

 

In the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, unless otherwise indicated, Loan-to-Value Ratios at Maturity or ARD were calculated with respect to such Mortgage Loan including any related Pari Passu Companion Loan (except, in the case of a Mortgage Loan with one or more related Subordinate Companion Loans, Loan-to-Value Ratios at Maturity or ARD were calculated without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan).

 

In the case of an ARD Loan, the Loan-to-Value Ratio at Maturity or ARD is calculated with respect to the related Balloon Balance on the related Anticipated Repayment Date. In the case of certain of the Mortgage Loans, the Loan-to-Value Ratio at Maturity or ARD for such Mortgage Loans has been calculated, in certain cases, based on the “as-complete” Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property, and in certain other cases, based on an Appraised Value that includes certain property that does not qualify as real property. For further description, see the definition of “Appraised Value” above and Annex A-1 and the footnotes thereto.

 

With respect to any cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted Mortgage Loan, such terms mean the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the aggregate Balloon Balance of the related Mortgage Loans divided by the aggregate Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Properties.

 

With respect to the Mortgaged Properties that secure the Mortgage Loans listed in the following table, the respective Loan-to-Value Ratio at Maturity or ARD was calculated using the related [“hypothetical”, “hypothetical as is”, “as complete” or “as stabilized” Appraised Values], as opposed to the “as is” Appraised Values, each as set forth below:

 

Mortgage Loan Name

 

% of Initial Pool
Balance

 

Maturity Date LTV
Ratio (“As Stabilized”)

 

[“As Stabilized”
Appraised Value]

 

Maturity Date LTV
Ratio (“As Is”)

 

“As Is” Appraised
Value

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

Mortgage Rate” with respect to each mortgage loan, or Whole Loan and any Interest Accrual Period, means the annual rate at which interest accrues on such mortgage loan or Whole Loan (without regard to any increase in such rate after the Anticipated Repayment Date in the case of an ARD Loan) during such period (in the absence of a default), as set forth in the related mortgage note from time to time (the initial Mortgage Rate with respect to each mortgage loan is set forth on Annex A-1 to this prospectus);

 

 

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provided, that for purposes of calculating the Net Mortgage Rate and the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Rate, the Mortgage Rate for any mortgage loan will be determined without regard to any default interest and without taking into account any reduction in the interest rate by a bankruptcy court pursuant to a plan of reorganization or pursuant to any of its equitable powers or a reduction of interest or principal due to a modification, waiver or amendment of the terms of that mortgage loan pursuant to the PSA.

 

Most Recent NOI” and “Trailing 12 NOI” (which is for the period ending as of the date specified in Annex A) is the net operating income for a Mortgaged Property as established by information provided by the borrowers, except that in certain cases such net operating income has been adjusted by removing certain non-recurring expenses and revenue or by certain other normalizations. Most Recent NOI and Trailing 12 NOI do not necessarily reflect accrual of certain costs such as taxes and capital expenditures and do not reflect non-cash items such a depreciation or amortization. In some cases, capital expenditures may have been treated by a borrower as an expense or expenses treated as capital expenditures. Most Recent NOI and Trailing 12 NOI were not necessarily determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Moreover, Most Recent NOI and Trailing 12 NOI are not a substitute for net income determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as a measure of the results of a property’s operations or a substitute for cash flows from operating activities determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as a measure of liquidity and in certain cases may reflect partial year annualizations.

 

MSA” means metropolitan statistical area.

 

Net Operating Income” or “NOI” means historical net operating income for a mortgaged property for the annual or other period specified (or ending on the “NOI Date” specified), and generally consists of revenue derived from the use and operation of the mortgaged property, consisting primarily of rental income (and in the case of cooperative mortgage loans, assuming that the property was operated as a rental property), less the sum of (a) operating expenses (such as utilities, administrative expenses, management fees and advertising) and (b) fixed expenses, such as insurance, real estate taxes (except in the case of certain mortgage loans included in the issuing entity, where the related borrowers are exempted from real estate taxes and assessments) and, if applicable, ground lease payments. Net operating income generally does not reflect (i.e. it does not deduct for) capital expenditures, including tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions, interest expenses and non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization.

 

NRA” means net rentable area.

 

Occupancy Rate” means the percentage of Square Feet, Units, Rooms or Pads, as the case may be, of a mortgaged property that was occupied or leased as of or, in the case of certain properties, average Units or Rooms so occupied over a specified period ending on, a specified date (identified on Annex A-I to this prospectus as the “Occupancy Rate As-of Date”), as specified by the borrower or as derived from the mortgaged property’s rent rolls, operating statements or appraisals or as determined by a site inspection of such mortgaged property. Such percentage may include tenants which have executed a lease to occupy such mortgaged property even though the applicable tenant has not taken physical occupancy. The Occupancy Rate presented in this prospectus may include space subject to build-out or other renovation and may exclude space currently under renovation. Generally, for purposes of the presentation in this prospectus, we consider a “master lease” to be a lease by an affiliate of the borrower, or by an entity (or an affiliate of an entity) from which the borrower acquired the mortgaged property, that (in either case) is obligated to pay rent under a lease with the borrower but does not conduct business operations at the leased premises. We do not consider the following to be a “master lease” for purposes of the presentation in this prospectus: (i) a lease executed in connection with a sale-leaseback arrangement under which an unaffiliated seller of a property (or an affiliate thereof) conducts business operations at the mortgaged property and executes a long-term lease at the mortgaged property simultaneously with its acquisition by the borrower; (ii) a lease executed by the borrower, property seller or other person that (a) relates to space, whether or not occupied, that is leased by an unaffiliated tenant and (b) has the effect of making that borrower, seller or other person liable, in whole or in part, for the payment of rent that is not more than the rent payable by the unaffiliated tenant under its lease or (iii) a master lease that was not taken into account in the underwriting. “Master leases” are typically used in

 

 

140

 

 

connection with the origination of a loan to bring occupancy to a “stabilized” level but may not provide additional economic support for the mortgage loan. A master lease may relate to all or a portion of a mortgaged property. We identify the mortgaged properties that have “master leases,” the square footage represented by each master lease and the rental rate represented by each master lease in Annex A-1 and Annex C to this prospectus and, if applicable to the mortgaged properties securing the [ten (10)] largest mortgage loans or groups of cross-collateralized mortgage loans in the mortgage pool, in Annex A-3 to this prospectus.

 

In some cases, the “Debt Service Coverage Ratio” information and the “Occupancy Rate” with respect to a mortgaged property reflects the existence of a “master lease.”

 

Occupancy Date” means the date of determination of the Occupancy of a Mortgaged Property.

 

Original Balance” means the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan as of the date of origination.

 

Prepayment Provisions” denotes a general summary of the provisions of a Mortgage Loan that restrict the ability of the related borrower to voluntarily prepay the Mortgage Loan. In each case, some exceptions may apply that are not described in the general summary, such as provisions that permit a voluntary partial prepayment in connection with the release of a portion of a Mortgaged Property, or require the application of tenant holdback reserves to a partial prepayment, in each case notwithstanding any lockout period or yield maintenance charge that may otherwise apply. In describing Prepayment Provisions, we use the following symbols with the indicated meanings:

 

 

DEF(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which voluntary prepayments of principal are prohibited, but the related borrower is permitted to defease that Mortgage Loan in order to obtain a release of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

 

 

 

DEF/YM@(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which the related borrower is permitted to defease that Mortgage Loan in order to obtain a release of the related Mortgaged Property and during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge and a Prepayment Premium (equal to @% of the prepaid amount).

 

 

LO(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which voluntary prepayments of principal are prohibited and defeasance is not permitted.

 

 

O(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which prepayments of principal are permitted without the payment of any Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge and the lender is not entitled to require a defeasance in lieu of prepayment.

 

 

YM(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge and the lender is not entitled to require a defeasance in lieu of prepayment.

 

 

YM@(#)”means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge and a Prepayment Premium (equal to @% of the prepaid amount) and the lender is not entitled to require a defeasance in lieu of prepayment.

 

RevPAR” means, with respect to any hospitality property, revenues per available room.

 

 

141

 

 

Soft Lockbox” means that the related borrower is required to deposit or cause the property manager to deposit all rents collected into a lockbox account (rather than tenants, or in the case of hotel properties, credit card companies, depositing such rents directly).

 

Soft Springing Lockbox” means that the related borrower is required to deposit, or cause the property manager to deposit, all rents collected into a lockbox account until the occurrence of an event of default under the loan documents or one or more specified trigger events, at which time the lockbox account converts to a Hard Lockbox.

 

Springing Cash Management” means, until the occurrence of an event of default under the Mortgage Loan documents or one or more specified trigger events, revenue from the lockbox is forwarded to an account controlled by the related borrower or is otherwise made available to the related borrower. Upon the occurrence of an event of default or such a trigger event, the Mortgage Loan documents require the related revenue to be forwarded to a cash management account controlled by the lender and the funds are disbursed according to the related loan documents.

 

Springing Lockbox” means a lockbox that is not currently in place, but the related loan documents require the imposition of a lockbox account upon the occurrence of an event of default under the loan documents or one or more specified trigger events.

 

Square Feet”, “SF” or “Sq. Ft.” means, in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a retail center, office, industrial/warehouse facility, combination retail/office or other single purpose property, the square footage of the net rentable or leasable area.

 

T-12” and “TTM” each means trailing 12 months.

 

Term to Maturity” or “Term to Maturity or ARD” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the remaining term, in months, from the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan to the related maturity date or, in the case of an ARD Loan, the related Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable. Annex A-1 indicates which Mortgage Loans are ARD Loans.

 

Underwritten Expenses” means, with respect to any mortgaged property securing an underlying mortgage loan, the annual operating expenses estimated for that property, generally derived from the historical annual expenses reflected in the operating statements and other information furnished by the related borrower, except that those expenses were often modified as follows:

 

 

operating expenses were generally adjusted by various factors such as inflation, appraisers’ estimates and historical trends;

 

 

 

 

if there was no management fee or a management fee which varies from the market, it was assumed that a management fee is payable with respect to the mortgaged property in an amount that is the greater of the market rate as determined by an appraiser or the lender’s minimum management fee underwriting criteria for the applicable property type; and

 

 

those expenses were adjusted so as to eliminate any capital expenditures, loan closing costs, tenant improvements or leasing commissions and similar nonrecurring expenses.

 

Underwritten Expenses generally include:

 

 

salaries, wages and benefits;

 

 

 

 

the costs of utilities;

 

 

repairs and maintenance;

 

 

marketing;

 

 

142

 

 

 

insurance;

 

 

 

 

management;

 

 

landscaping;

 

 

security, if provided at the mortgaged property;

 

 

real estate taxes;

 

 

general and administrative expenses; and

 

 

ground lease payments, and other costs,

 

but without any deductions for debt service, depreciation and amortization or capital expenditures, tenant improvements or leasing commissions.

 

Underwritten NCF Debt Yield”, “UW NCF Debt Yield” or “Cut-off Date UW NCF” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the Underwritten Net Cash Flow for such Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties divided by the Cut-off Date Balance for the related Mortgage Loan. In the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, unless otherwise indicated, Underwritten NCF Debt Yields were calculated with respect to such Mortgage Loan including any related Pari Passu Companion Loan (except, in the case of a Mortgage Loan with one or more related Subordinate Companion Loans, Underwritten NCF Debt Yields were calculated without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan). With respect to any cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted Mortgage Loan, such terms mean the ratio of the aggregate Underwritten Net Cash Flow produced by the related Mortgaged Properties divided by the aggregate Annual Debt Service of the related Mortgage Loans.

 

With respect to the Mortgaged Properties that secure the Mortgage Loans listed in the following table, the applicable Underwritten NCF Debt Yield was calculated based on the its Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. The applicable Underwritten NCF Debt Yields calculated without adjusting for the related earnout or holdback reserve are as follows:

 

Mortgage Loan Name

 

% of Initial Pool
Balance

 

Un-Adjusted
Underwritten NCF
Debt Yield

 

Holdback Amount

 

Underwritten NCF
Debt Yield

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow,” “Underwritten NCF” or “UW NCF,” with respect to any Mortgaged Property, means the Underwritten Net Operating Income decreased by an amount that the related mortgage loan seller has determined for the capital expenditures and reserves for capital expenditures, including tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions, as applicable. Underwritten Net Cash Flow generally does not reflect interest expense and non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization. [Underwritten Net Cash Flow does not reflect debt service or non-cash items such as depreciation or amortization. In determining rental revenue for multifamily rental, [manufactured housing community] and self-storage properties, the related mortgage loan seller either reviewed rental revenue shown on the certified rolling 12 month operating statements or annualized the rental revenue and reimbursement of expenses shown on rent rolls or recent partial year operating statements with respect to the prior one to 12 month periods.]

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow DSCR”, “Underwritten NCF DSCR”, “UW DSCR”, “UW NCF DSCR”, “Debt Service Coverage Ratio” or “DSCR” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, “Underwritten NCF DSCR”, “UW NCF DSCR”, “UW DSCR”, “Debt Service Coverage Ratio” or “DSCR” means, with respect to any mortgage loan, (a) the Underwritten Net Cash Flow for the related mortgaged property or

 

 

143

 

 

mortgaged properties, divided by (b) the Annual Debt Service for such mortgage loan. For purposes of the information presented in this prospectus, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio (unless otherwise indicated) with respect to (a) any mortgage loan that is part of an AB Whole Loan, reflects solely the Annual Debt Service payable under the mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, without regard to the Subordinate Companion Loan, (b) any mortgage loan that is otherwise part of a Whole Loan, reflects the Annual Debt Service payable under both the pari passu Serviced Companion Loan (or Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as applicable) and the mortgage loan included in the issuing entity and (c) any mortgage loan contained in any group of cross-collateralized mortgage loans, is calculated on the basis of the Underwritten Net Cash Flow generated by all the mortgaged properties securing such group and the aggregate Annual Debt Service payable under all mortgage loans comprising such group, in each case unless otherwise indicated.

 

With respect to the Mortgaged Properties that secure the Mortgage Loans listed in the following table, the respective Underwritten Net Cash Flow DSCR was calculated based on the respective Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. The respective Underwritten Net Cash Flow DSCR calculated without adjusting for the related earnout or holdback reserve are as follows:

 

Mortgage Loan Name

 

% of Initial Pool Balance

 

Un-Adjusted
Underwritten
NCF DSCR

 

Holdback Amount

 

Underwritten NCF
DSCR

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

In general, debt service coverage ratios are used by income property lenders to measure the ratio of (a) cash currently generated by a property that is available for debt service to (b) required debt service payments. However, debt service coverage ratios only measure the current, or recent, ability of a property to service mortgage debt. If a property does not possess a stable operating expectancy (for instance, if it is subject to material leases that are scheduled to expire during the loan term and that provide for above-market rents and/or that may be difficult to replace), a debt service coverage ratio may not be a reliable indicator of a property’s ability to service the mortgage debt over the entire remaining loan term. The Underwritten NCF DSCRs are presented herein for illustrative purposes only and, as discussed above, are limited in their usefulness in assessing the current, or predicting the future, ability of a mortgaged property to generate sufficient cash flow to repay the related mortgage loan.

 

In some cases, the “UW NCF DSCR” information and the “Occupancy Rate” with respect to a mortgaged property reflects the existence of a “master lease.”

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow,” “Underwritten NCF” or “UW NCF,” with respect to any mortgaged property, means the Underwritten Net Operating Income decreased by the estimated capital expenditures and reserves for capital expenditures, including tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions, as applicable. Underwritten Net Cash Flow generally does not reflect interest expense and non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization.

 

Underwritten Net Operating Income” or “UW NOI” with respect to any mortgaged property, means an estimate of cash flow available for debt service in a typical year of stable, normal operations as determined by the related mortgage loan seller. In general, it is the estimated revenue derived from the use and operation of such mortgaged property (in certain cases, however, inclusive of rents under master leases with an affiliate of the borrower that relate to space not used or occupied by the master lease tenant), consisting primarily of rental income, less the sum of (a) estimated operating expenses (such as utilities, administrative expenses, repairs and maintenance, management fees, franchise fees and advertising), and (b) estimated fixed expenses, such as insurance, real estate taxes and, if applicable, ground lease payments. The Underwritten Net Operating Income for each mortgaged property is calculated on the basis of numerous assumptions and subjective judgments, which, if ultimately proven erroneous, could cause the actual net cash flow for such mortgaged property to differ materially from the

 

 

144

 

 

Underwritten Net Operating Income set forth herein. Certain of such assumptions and subjective judgments of each related mortgage loan seller relate to future events, conditions and circumstances, including future expense levels, future increases in rents over current rental rates (including in circumstances where a tenant may currently be in a free or reduced rent period), future vacancy rates, commencement of occupancy and rent payments with respect to leases for which rentals have not yet commenced, the re-leasing of vacant space and the continued leasing of occupied space, which will be affected by a variety of complex factors over which none of the depositor, the applicable mortgage loan seller, the master servicer or the special servicer has control. In some cases, the Underwritten Net Operating Income set forth herein for any mortgaged property is higher, and may be materially higher, than the annual net operating income for such mortgaged property based on historical operating statements.

 

In determining Underwritten Net Operating Income for a mortgaged property, the applicable mortgage loan seller generally relied on rent rolls and/or other generally unaudited financial information provided by the respective borrowers; and in some cases, the appraisal and/or local market information was the primary basis for the determination. From that information, the applicable mortgage loan seller calculated stabilized estimates of cash flow that took into consideration historical financial statements (where available), material changes in the operating position of a mortgaged property of which the applicable mortgage loan seller was aware (e.g., current rent roll information including newly signed leases, near term market rent steps, expirations of “free rent” periods, market rents, and market vacancy data), contractual rent increases and estimated capital expenditures, leasing commissions and tenant improvement costs. In certain cases, the applicable mortgage loan seller’s estimate of Underwritten Net Operating Income reflected differences from the information contained in the operating statements obtained from the respective borrowers (resulting in either an increase or decrease from the recent historical net operating income set forth therein) based upon the applicable mortgage loan seller’s own analysis of such operating statements and the assumptions applied by the respective borrowers in preparing such statements and information. In certain instances, for example, property management fees and other expenses may have been taken into account in the calculation of Underwritten Net Operating Income even though such expenses may not have been reflected in actual historic operating statements. In most of those cases, the information was annualized, with some exceptions, before using it as a basis for the determination of Underwritten Net Operating Income.

 

The Underwritten Net Operating Income for cooperative mortgaged properties is based on projected net operating income at the mortgaged property, as determined by the appraisal obtained in connection with the origination of the related mortgage loan, assuming that the related mortgaged property was operated as a rental property with rents set at prevailing market rates taking into account the presence, if any, of existing rent-controlled or rent-stabilized occupants, if any, reduced by underwritten capital expenditures, property operating expenses, a market-rate vacancy assumption and projected reserves.

 

Historical operating results may not be available or were deemed not relevant for some of the mortgage loans which are secured by mortgaged properties with newly constructed improvements, mortgaged properties with triple net leases, mortgaged properties that have recently undergone substantial renovations and newly acquired mortgaged properties. In such cases, items of revenue and expense used in calculating Underwritten Net Operating Income were generally derived from rent rolls, estimates set forth in the related appraisal, leases with tenants or from other borrower-supplied information such as estimates or budgets.

 

Underwritten NOI Debt Yield” or “UW NOI Debt Yield” means, with respect to any mortgage loan, the Underwritten Net Operating Income for the related mortgaged property divided by the Cut-off Date Balance for such mortgage loan. With respect to any mortgage loan that is part of an AB Whole Loan, the calculation of the UW NOI Debt Yield is calculated without regard to the subordinate companion loan and is based solely on the mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan that is otherwise part of a Whole Loan, the calculation of the UW NOI Debt Yield is calculated with regard to both the pari passu Serviced Companion Loan (or Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as applicable) and the related mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan in any group of cross-collateralized mortgage

 

 

145

 

 

loans, UW NOI Debt Yield is calculated on the basis of the aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of all mortgage loans comprising such group and the aggregate Underwritten Net Operating Income of all mortgage loans comprising such group, in each case unless otherwise indicated.

 

With respect to the Mortgaged Properties that secure the Mortgage Loans listed in the following table, the applicable Underwritten NOI Debt Yield was calculated based on the Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. The applicable Underwritten NOI Debt Yields calculated without adjusting for the related earnout or holdback reserve are as follows:

 

Mortgage Loan Name

 

% of Initial Pool Balance

 

Un-Adjusted
Underwritten
NOI Debt Yield

 

Holdback Amount

 

Underwritten NOI
Debt Yield

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]%

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

UW EGI” or “Underwritten EGI” with respect to any mortgaged property, means the gross potential rent, recoveries and other income, less mark-to-market, vacancy and collection loss.

 

UW NCF Debt Yield” means, with respect to any mortgaged property, the Underwritten Net Cash Flow for such mortgaged property divided by the Cut-off Date Balance for the related mortgage loan. With respect to any mortgage loan that is part of an AB Whole Loan, the calculation of the UW NCF Debt Yield is calculated without regard to the subordinate companion loan and is based solely on the mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan that is otherwise part of a Whole Loan, the calculation of the UW NCF Debt Yield is calculated with regard to both the pari passu Serviced Companion Loan (or Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as applicable) and the related mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan in any group of cross-collateralized mortgage loans, UW NCF Debt Yield is calculated on the basis of the aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of all mortgage loans comprising such group and the aggregate Underwritten Net Cash Flow of all mortgage loans comprising such group, in each case unless otherwise indicated.

 

UW NOI DSCR” means, with respect to any mortgage loan, (a) the Underwritten Net Operating Income for the related mortgaged property or mortgaged properties, divided by (b) the Annual Debt Service for such mortgage loan. With respect to any mortgage loan that is part of an AB Whole Loan, Annual Debt Service is calculated without regard to the subordinate companion loan and is based solely on the mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan that is otherwise part of a Whole Loan, Annual Debt Service is calculated with regard to both the Serviced Companion Loan (or Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as applicable) and the related mortgage loan included in the issuing entity, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to any mortgage loan in any group of cross-collateralized mortgage loans, UW NOI DSCR is calculated on the basis of the aggregate Annual Debt Service of all mortgage loans comprising such group and the aggregate Underwritten Net Operating Income of all mortgage loans comprising such group, in each case unless otherwise indicated.

 

UW Revenue” or “Underwritten Revenue” with respect to any mortgage loan, the gross potential rent, less vacancies and collection loss.

 

Units”, “Rooms”, “Beds” or “Pads” means (a) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as multifamily housing, the number of apartments, regardless of the size of or number of rooms in such apartment, (b) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a hotel property, the number of guest rooms, (c) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a manufactured housing community property, the number of pads for manufactured homes [or (d) in the case of certain Mortgaged Properties operating as student housing, the number of beds.]

 

 

146

 

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate” means the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates as of the Cut-off Date.

 

Mortgage Pool Characteristics

 

Overview

 

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan Characteristics

 

 

 

All Mortgage Loans

Initial Pool Balance

 

$[___]

Number of Mortgage Loans

 

[___]

Number of Mortgaged Properties

 

[___]

Number of crossed loan pools

 

[___]

Crossed loan pools as a percentage

 

[___]%

Range of Cut-off Date Balances

 

$[___] to $[___]

Average Cut-off Date Balance

 

$[___]

Range of Mortgage Rates

 

[___]% to [___]%

Weighted average Mortgage Rate

 

[___]%

Range of original terms to maturity

 

[___] months to [___] months

Weighted average original term to maturity

 

[___] months

Range of remaining terms to maturity

 

[___] months to [___] months

Weighted average remaining term to maturity

 

[___] months

Range of original amortization term

 

[___] months to [___] months

Weighted average original amortization term

 

[___] months

Range of remaining amortization terms

 

[___] months to [___] months

Weighted average remaining amortization term

 

[___] months

Range of LTV Ratios

 

[___]% to [___]%

Weighted average LTV Ratio

 

[___]%

Range of LTV Ratios as of the maturity date

 

[___]% to [___]%

Weighted average LTV Ratio as of the maturity date

 

[___]%

Range of UW NCF DSCR

 

[___]x to [___]x

Weighted average UW NCF DSCR

 

[___]x

Range of UW NOI Debt Yield

 

 

Weighted average UW NOI Debt Yield

 

 

Percentage of Initial Pool Balance consisting of:

 

 

Interest Only-Balloon

 

[___]%

Balloon

 

[___]%

Interest Only

 

[___]%

ARD-Interest Only

 

[___]%

ARD-Interest Only-Balloon

 

[___]%

ARD-Balloon

 

[___]%

 

 

*

[THESE ARE REPRESENTATIVE CHARACTERISTICS THAT WILL VARY FROM DEAL TO DEAL]

 

(1)

Subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus 5%.

 

[#]

[Insert appropriate footnotes to identify material clarifications and explanations for the specific assets in the mortgage pool.]

 

[#]

[In the case of the [__] mortgage loans, collectively representing approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, each of which has one or more pari passu companion loans [or a subordinate companion loan] that are not included in the issuing entity, the debt service coverage ratios, loan-to-value ratios and debt yield have been calculated including the related pari passu companion loans [but excluding any related subordinate companion loan].]

 

[#]

Debt service coverage ratios are calculated using the average of the principal and interest payments for the first twelve payment periods of the mortgage loan following the cut-off date (but without regard to any leap year adjustments), provided that (i) in the case of a mortgage loan that provides for interest-only payments through maturity or its anticipated repayment date, as applicable, such items are calculated based on the interest payments scheduled to be due on the first due date following the cut-off date and the 11 due dates thereafter for such mortgage loan and (iii) in the case of a mortgage loan that provides for an initial interest-only period that

 

 

147

 

 

       ends prior to maturity or its anticipated repayment date, as applicable, and provides for scheduled amortization payments thereafter, such items are calculated based on the monthly payment of principal and interest payable immediately following the expiration of the interest-only period.

 

The issuing entity will include [____] Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, that represent the obligations of multiple borrowers that are liable on a joint and several basis for the repayment of the entire indebtedness evidenced by the related Mortgage Loan and/or represent separate obligations of each borrower that are cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with each other.

 

See also “—Certain Calculations and Definitions” above for important general and specific information regarding the manner of calculation of the underwritten debt service coverage ratios, debt yields and loan-to-value ratios. See also “—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans” below for important information relating to certain payment and other terms of the Mortgage Loans.

 

Property Types

 

The table below shows the property type concentrations of the Mortgaged Properties:

 

Property Type Distribution(1)

 

Property Type

 

Number of Mortgage
Loans

 

Number of Mortgaged
Properties

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date
Balance(1)

 

Approx. % of Initial
Pool Balance

Retail

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[Anchored]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[___]  

 

  [___]%

[Shadow Anchored]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Unanchored]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Single Tenant]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Outlet Center]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Regional Mall]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Office

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[CBD]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Suburban]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Medical]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Multifamily

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[Garden]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[High Rise]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Mid Rise]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Student Housing]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Senior Housing]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Hotel Property

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[Full Service]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Limited-Service]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Select Service]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Extended Stay]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Mixed Use

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[Retail/Office]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Retail/Parking]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Other

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Industrial

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[Warehouse/distribution]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Flex]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Manufactured Housing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Self-Storage

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Total

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[___]  

 

   [___]%

 

 

(1)

Because this table presents information relating to Mortgaged Properties and not Mortgage Loans, the information for Mortgage Loans secured by more than one Mortgaged Property is based on allocated loan amounts as set forth in Annex A-1.

 

Retail Properties.

 

With respect to the retail properties[, mixed use properties and self-storage properties] with retail components set forth in the above chart:

 

 

148

 

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING OPERATING COVENANTS, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

 

 

 

[ADD OTHER DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See “Risk Factors-Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Retail Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Specialty Use Concentrations” below and “Risk Factors-Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Office Properties.

 

With respect to the office properties set forth in the above chart [and mixed use properties] that include office tenants:

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Office Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Specialty Use Concentrations” below and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Multifamily Properties.

 

With respect to the multifamily properties set forth in the above chart:

 

 

[______] Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_________], securing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, have [ADD DISCLOSURES SPECIFICALLY RELATING TO TENANT TYPES (E.G. STUDENTS, MILITARY BASE PERSONNEL, EMPLOYEES OF A PARTICULAR INDUSTRY].

 

 

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING PROPERTIES THAT ARE SUBJECT TO:

 

 

1.

RESTRICTIONS ON THE AGE OF TENANTS;

 

 

2.

GOVERNMENTAL ASSISTANCE/RENT SUBSIDY PROGRAMS SUCH AS THE SECTION 8 TENANT-BASED ASSISTANCE RENTAL CERTIFICATE PROGRAM OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT OR A SIMILAR PROGRAM;

 

 

3.

STATE AND LOCAL REGULATIONS, ORDINANCE OR AFFORDABLE HOUSING COVENANTS, WHICH MAY AFFECT THE BUILDING OWNER’S ABILITY TO INCREASE RENT TO MARKET RENT FOR AN EQUIVALENT APARTMENT OR MAY REQUIRE THE BUILDING OWNER TO RENT UNITS TO INDIVIDUALS MEETING LOW INCOME REQUIREMENTS; AND

 

 

4.

ANY TAX CREDIT OR PILOT PROGRAM]

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING PROPERTIES THAT ARE RESIDENTIAL COOPERATIVE BUILDINGS AND THE LENDER UNDER THE BUILDING ARE OWNED OR LEASED BY A NON-PROFIT RESIDENTIAL COOPERATIVE CORPORATION]

 

 

[ADD OTHER DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks”.

 

Hotel Properties.

 

With respect to the hotel properties set forth in the above chart:

 

 

149

 

 

 

[[______] Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_________], securing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, are flagged hotel properties that are affiliated with any franchise or hotel management company through a franchise or management agreement, and describe any material issues with respect to franchise agreement.]

 

The following table shows the breakdown of each Mortgaged Property associated with a hotel brand through a license, franchise agreement, operating agreement or management agreement.

 

Mortgaged Property Name

 

Mortgage Loan Cut-off
Date Balance

 

Percentage (%) of the
Initial Pool Balance by
Allocated Loan Amount

 

Expiration/Termination
of Related License/
Franchise Agreement,
Operating Agreement
or Management
Agreement

 

Maturity Date of the
related Mortgage Loan

[___]

 

$[___]

 

[___]%

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

 

[[______] Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_________], securing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, are not flagged hotel properties];

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING PROPERTIES THAT MAY DERIVE A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF THE REVENUE FROM THE OPERATIONS OF ENTERTAINMENT COMPLEXES THAT INCLUDE RESTAURANTS, LOUNGES, NIGHTCLUBS AND/OR BANQUET AND MEETING SPACES]

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING PROPERTIES WITH ANY LIQUOR LICENSING ISSUES]

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING MORTGAGED PROPERTIES THAT ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN PIP AND OTHER RENOVATION AND REPLACEMENT REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE RELATED FRANCHISE AGREEMENT AND FRANCHISOR PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS] See “—Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion” below.]

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING ANY ISSUES WITH THE FRANCHISE AGREEMENT, LICENSES AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

 

[ADD OTHER DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Affiliation with a Franchise or Hotel Management Company” and “—Hotel Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Specialty Use Concentrations” below and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Self-Storage Properties.

 

With respect to the self-storage properties set forth in the above chart:

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

[[__] Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_____], representing [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount derive a portion of the Underwritten Revenue from one or more of (a) rent derived from truck rentals located at the related Mortgaged Property, (b) rent derived from cell tower leases, (c) the leasing of certain parking spaces located at the related Mortgaged Properties for purposes of recreational vehicle and boat storage and/or (d) rent derived from commercial/retail tenants operating at the related Mortgaged Property.]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Self-Storage Properties Have Special Risks”.

 

Mixed Use Properties.

 

 

150

 

 

With respect to the mixed-use properties set forth in the above chart:

 

 

[Each of the mixed use Mortgaged Properties has one or more retail, office and/or multifamily components.] See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Retail Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Office Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks”, as applicable.

 

 

 

 

[ADD OTHER DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

Certain of the mixed use Mortgaged Properties may have specialty uses. See “—Specialty Use Concentrations” below.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Industrial Properties.

 

With respect to the industrial properties set forth in the above chart:

 

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING COLD STORAGE FACILITIES]

 

 

 

 

[ADD OTHER DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

[[__] Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_____], representing [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount derive a portion of the Underwritten Revenues from revenue from (a) rent derived from the leasing of office space at the Mortgaged Property and (b) rent derived from cell tower leases.]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Industrial Properties Have Special Risks”.

 

Manufactured Housing Community Properties.

 

With respect to the manufactured housing community set forth in the above chart:

 

 

[[___] [(__)] Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_________], securing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, are recreational vehicle resorts or have a significant portion of the properties that are intended for short-term recreational vehicle hook-ups.]

 

 

 

 

[DESCRIBE ANY PORTION OF MANUFACTURED HOUSING COMMUNITY PROPERTIES THAT ARE NOT PART OF THE COLLATERAL OR INCLUDED IN THE UNDERWRITING]

 

 

[ADD OTHER DISCLOSURES REGARDING THIS PROPERTY TYPE, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Manufactured Housing Community Properties Have Special Risks”.

 

Specialty Use Concentrations.

 

Certain Mortgaged Properties have one of the 5 largest tenants that operates its space as a specialty use that may not allow the space to be readily converted to be suitable for another type of tenant. As among the 15 largest Mortgage Loans or groups of cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans, specialty uses among the top 5 tenants at each Mortgaged Property include:

 

 

151

 

 

Specialty Use

 

Number of Mortgaged
Properties

 

Approx. % of Initial
Pool Balance

 

% of net rentable area
at the related
Mortgaged Property

[Medical, dental, physical therapy or veterinary offices or clinics, outpatient facilities, research or diagnostic laboratories or health management services and/or health professional schools]

 

[___]

 

   [___]%

 

   [___]%

[Restaurant]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Parking garages/accounts]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Theater]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Gym, fitness center or a health club]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[Bank branch]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[School or educational facility a beauty and cosmetology school]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

[LIST OTHER SPECIALTY USE]

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Total

 

[___]

 

   [___]%

 

   [___]%

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Significant Mortgage Loans and Significant Obligors

 

[The Mortgaged Property identified on Annex A-1 as [_______], securing a Mortgage Loan that represents approximately [__]%, of the Initial Pool Balance, is a “significant obligor” as such term is used in Items 1101 and 1112 of Regulation AB with respect to this offering. See Annex A-1.]

 

[INCLUDE INFORMATION REQUIRED BY ITEM 1112(a) and (b) FOR EACH SIGNIFICANT OBLIGOR]

 

Mortgage Loan Concentrations

 

Top Fifteen Mortgage Loans or Groups of Cross-Collateralized Mortgage Loans

 

The following table shows certain information regarding the 15 largest Mortgage Loans or groups of crossed loans by Cut-off Date Balance:

 

Loan Name

 

Mortgage
Loan Cut-off
Date Balance

 

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance

 

Loan per Unit(1)

 

UW NCF
DSCR(1)

 

Cut-off Date
LTV Ratio(1)

 

Property
Type

[____________]

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

$[_______]

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

[______]

[____________]

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

$[_______]

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

[______]

[____________]

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

$[_______]

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

[______]

[____________]

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

$[_______]

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

[______]

Top 3 Total/Weighted Average

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

 

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

 

Top 5 Total/Weighted Average

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

 

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

 

Top 10 Total/Weighted Average

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

 

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

 

Top 15 Total/Weighted Average

 

$[________]

 

[____]%

 

 

 

[____]x

 

[_____]%

 

 

 

 

(1)

In the case of each of the Mortgage Loans that is part of an AB Whole Loan, the calculation of the Loan per Unit, UW NCF DSCR and Cut-off Date LTV Ratio for each such Mortgage Loan is calculated based on the principal balance, debt service payment and Underwritten Net Cash Flow for the Mortgage Loan included in the issuing entity and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan in the aggregate, but excludes the principal balance and debt service payment of any related Subordinate Companion Loan.

 

 

(2)

[ADD OTHER FOOTNOTES, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See “—Assessments of Property Value and Condition” for additional information.

 

For more information regarding the ten largest Mortgage Loans and/or loan concentrations and related Mortgaged Properties, see the individual Mortgage Loan and portfolio descriptions under “Significant Loan Summaries” in Annex A-3. Other than with respect to the top ten Mortgage Loans

 

 

152

 

 

identified in the table above, each of the other Mortgage Loans represents no more than [_____]% of the Initial Pool Balance.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans-—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses”.

 

Cross-Collateralized Mortgage Loans; Multi-Property Mortgage Loans and Related Borrower Mortgage Loans

 

The pool of Mortgage Loans will include [_____] Mortgage Loans, set forth in the table below entitled “Cross-Collateralized/Multi-Property Mortgage Loans”, representing approximately [_____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, which are each secured by two or more properties. In some cases, however, the amount of the mortgage lien encumbering a particular property may be less than the full amount of indebtedness under the Mortgage Loan, generally to minimize recording tax. In such instances, the mortgage amount may equal a specified percentage (generally ranging from [_____]% to [_____]%, inclusive) of the appraised value or allocated loan amount for the particular Mortgaged Property. This would limit the extent to which proceeds from that property would be available to offset declines in value of the other Mortgaged Properties securing the same Mortgage Loan or group of cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans.

 

The table below shows each individual Mortgage Loan that is secured by two or more Mortgaged Properties and each group of cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans.

 

Cross-Collateralized/Multi-Property Mortgage Loans

 

Mortgage Loan/Property Portfolio Names

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance

[____________]

 

$[________]  

 

  [_______]%

[____________]

 

[________]

 

[_______]

[____________]

 

[________]

 

[_______]

[____________]

 

[________]

 

[_______]

[____________]

 

[________]

 

[_______]

Total

 

$[________]  

 

   [_______]%

 

[In some cases, an individual Mortgaged Property may be comprised of two or more parcels that may not be contiguous or may be owned by separate borrowers. For example, with respect to the Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified as [_________] on Annex A-1, representing approximately [_____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, the related Mortgaged Properties are comprised of more than one (1) parcel, which in some cases are owned by separate borrowers.]

 

[[______] groups of Mortgage Loans, set forth in the table below entitled “Related Borrower Loans”, representing approximately [_____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are not cross-collateralized but have borrower sponsors related to each other, but no group of Mortgage Loans having borrower sponsors that are related to each other represents more than approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance. The following table shows each group of Mortgage Loans having borrowers that are related to each other. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses” in addition to Annex A-1.]

 

Related Borrower Loans (Other than Cross-Collateralized Groups)

 

Mortgage Loan

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Principal Balance

 

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance

Group [___]:

 

 

 

 

[______]

 

$[______]

 

[______]%

[______]

 

  [______]

 

[______]   

Total for Group [____]:

 

$[______]

 

[______]%

Group [__]:

 

 

 

 

[______]

 

$[______]

 

[______]%

[______]

 

  [______]

 

[______]   

Total for Group [__]:

 

$[______]

 

[______]%

153

 

[ADD ADDITIONAL LOAN GROUPS]

 

Mortgage loans with related borrowers are identified under “Related Borrower Loans” on Annex A-1. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses” in addition to Annex A-1 and the related footnotes.

 

Geographic Concentrations

 

This table shows the states that have concentrations of Mortgaged Properties that secure [___]% or more of the Initial Pool Balance:

 

Geographic Distribution(1)

 

State(2)

 

Number of Mortgaged Properties

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

% of Initial Pool Balance

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

[___]

 

[___]

 

$[_____]

 

[___]%

 

 

(1)

Because this table presents information relating to Mortgaged Properties and not the Mortgage Loans, the information for any Mortgaged Property that is one of multiple Mortgaged Properties securing a particular Mortgage Loan is based on an allocated loan amount as stated in Annex A-2.

 

(2)

[ADD APPROPRIATE FOOTNOTES]

 

The remaining Mortgaged Properties are located throughout [_______] other states, with no more than [_____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount secured by Mortgaged Properties located in any such jurisdiction.

 

Certain Mortgaged Properties are located in the following geographic areas or the regions of the United States that are more susceptible to [an economic downturn, natural disasters or hazards, terrorist attacks or political crises]:

 

Mortgaged Properties securing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, are located in [NAMES OF STATES], and may be more generally susceptible to floods or hurricanes than properties in other parts of the country.

 

Mortgaged Properties securing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, are located in [_______] and are more susceptible to wildfires.

 

Mortgaged Properties securing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, are located in areas that are considered a high earthquake risk (seismic zones 3 or 4), and seismic reports were prepared with respect to these Mortgaged Properties, and based on those reports, no Mortgaged Property has a seismic expected loss greater than [__]%.

 

[Add disclosures regarding ANY PROPERTIES LOCATED IN a US Territory or FOREIGN COUNTRY. [The unpaid principal balance, as of the Cut-off Date, of the loans secured by such properties will not be in excess of 10% of the Initial Pool Balance.] 

 

[ADD ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURES REGARDING GEOGRAPHICAL CONCENTRATION, IF APPROPRIATE]

154

 

 

Mortgaged Properties With Limited Prior Operating History

 

[___] of the Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as  [_____], representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are each secured by Mortgaged Properties that were constructed or substantially renovated or in a lease-up period within the [12]-month period preceding the Cut-off Date and have no or limited prior operating history and/or lack historical financial figures and information.

 

[___] of the Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties or portfolios of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_____], representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, the Mortgaged Properties were acquired within the [12]-month period preceding the origination of the Mortgage Loan and underwriting was based on a limited prior operating history and limited historical financial figures and information.

 

[ADD ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURES REGARDING LIMITED PRIOR OPERATING HISTORY, IF APPROPRIATE.]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans-—Limited Information Causes Uncertainty”.

 

Tenancies-in-Common

 

[___] [(__)] Mortgaged Properties identified as [_________] on Annex A-1, representing [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, have one or more borrowers that own all or a portion of the related Mortgaged Property as tenants-in-common, and the respective tenants-in-common have agreed to a waiver of their rights of partition. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery”.

 

[ADD ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURES REGARDING TENANCIES-IN-COMMON, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks” and “—Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery”.

 

[Condominium Interests and Other Split Interests

 

[__] of the Mortgage Loans secured by Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_____] and [_____], representing approximately [__]% and [__]%, respectively, of the Initial Pool Balance, respectively, are secured, in certain cases, in part, by the related borrower’s interest in one or more units in a condominium or other split interests. [With respect to all such Mortgage Loans (other than as described below)], the borrower generally controls the appointment and voting of the condominium board or the condominium owners cannot take actions or cause the condominium association to take actions that would affect the borrower’s unit without the borrower’s consent.]

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING THE CONDOMINIUM DOCUMENTS/SPLIT INTERESTS, IF APPROPRIATE.]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage LoansCondominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements”.]

 

Fee & Leasehold Estates; Ground Leases

 

The table below shows the distribution of underlying interests encumbered by the mortgages related to the Mortgaged Properties:

 

 

155

 

 

Underlying Estate Distribution(1)

 

Underlying Estate

 

Number of
Mortgaged
Properties

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date
Balance

 

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance

Fee(2)

 

[___]

 

$[___]  

 

  [___]%

Leasehold

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Fee/Leasehold(3)

 

[___]

 

[___]

 

[___]

Leased Fee

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

[___]

 

$[___]  

 

   [___]%

 

 

(1)

Because this table presents information relating to Mortgaged Properties and not Mortgage Loans, the information for Mortgage Loans secured by more than one Mortgaged Property is based on allocated loan amounts as set forth in Annex A-2.

 

(2)

[For purposes of this prospectus, an encumbered interest will be characterized as a “fee interest” and not a leasehold interest if (i) the borrower has a fee interest in all or substantially all of the Mortgaged Property (provided that if the borrower has a leasehold interest in any portion of the Mortgaged Property, such portion is not, individually or in the aggregate, material to the use or operation of the Mortgaged Property), or (ii) the Mortgage Loan is secured by the borrower’s leasehold interest in the Mortgaged Property as well as the borrower’s (or other fee owner’s) overlapping fee interest in the related Mortgaged Property.]

 

(3)

The related Mortgages create a first lien on a combination of fee simple estates and leasehold estates in one or more commercial properties.

 

In general, unless the related fee interest is also encumbered by the related Mortgage, each of the ground leases has a term that extends at least 20 years beyond the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan (taking into account all freely exercisable extension options) and, except as noted below or in the exceptions to representation no. [__] in Annex D-1 indicated on Annex D-2, contains customary mortgagee protection provisions, including notice and cure rights and the right to enter into a new lease with the applicable ground lessor in the event a ground lease is rejected or terminated.

 

Mortgage loans secured by ground leases present certain bankruptcy and foreclosure risks not present with Mortgage Loans secured by fee simple estates. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Related to Ground Leases and Other Leasehold Interests” and “—Leased Fee Properties Have Special Risks”, “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

As regards ground leases, see representation No.[__] on Annex D-1 and the exceptions to that representation on Annex D-2.

 

Environmental Considerations

 

[An environmental report was prepared for each Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan no more than [__] months prior to the Cut-off Date. See Annex A-1 for the date of the environmental report for each Mortgaged Property. The environmental reports were generally prepared pursuant to the American Society for Testing and Materials standard for a “Phase I” environmental site assessment (the “ESA”). In addition to the Phase I standards, some of the environmental reports will include additional research, such as limited sampling for asbestos-containing material, lead-based paint, radon or water damage with limited areas of potential or identified mold, depending on the property use and/or age. Additionally, as needed pursuant to American Society for Testing and Materials standards, supplemental “Phase II” site investigations have been completed for some Mortgaged Properties to further evaluate certain environmental issues, including certain recognized environmental conditions (each, a “REC”). A Phase II investigation generally consists of sampling and/or testing.]

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING MORTGAGED PROPERTIES WITH RESPECT TO WHICH THE RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTS HAVE REVEALED MATERIAL ADVERSE CONDITIONS OR CIRCUMSTANCES AT A MORTGAGED PROPERTY:

 

 

156

 

 

THAT WERE REMEDIATED OR ABATED BEFORE THE ORIGINATION DATE OF THE RELATED MORTGAGE LOAN OR ARE ANTICIPATED TO BE REMEDIATED OR ABATED BEFORE THE CLOSING DATE;

 

FOR WHICH AN OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PLAN, ABATEMENT AS PART OF ROUTINE MAINTENANCE OR PERIODIC MONITORING OF THE MORTGAGED PROPERTY OR NEARBY PROPERTIES WILL BE IN PLACE OR RECOMMENDED;

 

FOR WHICH AN ESCROW, GUARANTY OR LETTER OF CREDIT FOR THE REMEDIATION WILL HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO THE TERMS OF THE RELATED MORTGAGE LOAN;

 

FOR WHICH AN ENVIRONMENTAL INSURANCE POLICY WILL HAVE BEEN OBTAINED FROM A THIRD PARTY INSURER;

 

FOR WHICH THE PRINCIPAL OF THE BORROWER OR ANOTHER FINANCIALLY RESPONSIBLE PARTY WILL HAVE PROVIDED AN INDEMNITY OR WILL HAVE BEEN REQUIRED TO TAKE, OR WILL BE LIABLE FOR THE FAILURE TO TAKE, SUCH ACTIONS, IF ANY, WITH RESPECT TO SUCH MATTERS AS WILL HAVE BEEN REQUIRED BY THE APPLICABLE GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY OR RECOMMENDED BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTS;

 

FOR WHICH SUCH CONDITIONS OR CIRCUMSTANCES HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED FURTHER AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT RECOMMENDED NO FURTHER ACTION OR REMEDIATION;

 

AS TO WHICH THE BORROWER OR OTHER RESPONSIBLE PARTY WILL HAVE OBTAINED, OR WILL BE REQUIRED TO OBTAIN POST-CLOSING, A “NO FURTHER ACTION” LETTER OR OTHER EVIDENCE THAT GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES WOULD NOT BE REQUIRING FURTHER ACTION OR REMEDIATION;

 

THAT WOULD REQUIRE SUBSTANTIAL CLEANUP, REMEDIAL ACTION OR OTHER EXTRAORDINARY RESPONSE UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS;

 

AS TO WHICH THE RELATED BORROWER HAS OBTAINED ENVIRONMENTAL INSURANCE; OR

 

FOR WHICH THE RELATED BORROWER WILL HAVE AGREED TO SEEK A “CASE CLOSED” OR SIMILAR STATUS FOR THE ISSUE FROM THE APPLICABLE GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY.]

 

[ADD ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURES RELATING TO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES.]

 

Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties are properties which are currently undergoing or are expected to undergo redevelopment, renovation or expansion, including with respect to hotel properties, executing property improvement plans (“PIPs”) required by the franchisors. Below are descriptions of certain of such Mortgaged Properties.

 

[INSERT ANY SPECIFIC DISCLOSURES RELATING TO THE MORTGAGED PROPERTIES WHICH ARE CURRENTLY UNDERGOING OR, IN THE FUTURE, ARE EXPECTED TO UNDERGO MATERIAL REDEVELOPMENT, RENOVATION OR EXPANSION, INCLUDING WITH RESPECT TO HOTEL PROPERTIES, PIPS REQUIRED BY THE FRANCHISORS.]

 

157

 

 

Certain risks related to redevelopment, renovation and expansion at a Mortgaged Property are described in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Related to Redevelopment, Expansion and Renovation at Mortgaged Properties”.

 

[Assessment of Property Value and Condition

 

[INSERT ANY SPECIFIC DISCLOSURES RELATING TO THE MORTGAGED PROPERTIES WITH ANY MATERIAL ISSUES NOTED IN THE APPRAISALS, ENGINEERING REPORTS AND ZONING AND SEISMIC REPORTS TO THE EXTENT NOT DISCLOSED UNDER “REDEVELOPMENT, RENOVATION AND EXPANSION” above.]

 

Litigation and Other Considerations

 

[INSERT ANY SPECIFIC LITIGATION ISSUES, CONDEMNATION PROCEEDINGS OR SIMILAR DISCLOSURES REGARDING THE MORTGAGED PROPERTIES, THE BORROWERS OR SPONSORS.]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions”.

 

Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, were originated in connection with the borrower’s acquisition of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, were originated in connection with the borrower’s refinancing of a previous mortgage loan. [Insert a disclosure regarding a refinancing of any loan that was in default or in special servicing at the time of refinancing or subject to a discounted pay-offs or workout.]

 

[[____] Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, were modified due to previous delinquencies or impending delinquencies.]

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING ANY CURRENT MATERIAL TENANT THAT IS OR WAS A PARTY TO BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS]

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING ANY MATERIAL PRIOR BORROWER/SPONSOR/GUARANTOR THAT WAS A PARTY TO BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS, FORECLOSURE PROCEEDINGS, DEED-IN-LIEU OF FORECLOSURE TRANSACTIONS AND/OR MORTGAGE LOAN WORKOUTS]

 

[ADD ANY OTHER MATERIAL MORTGAGE LOAN SPECIFIC BANKRUPTCY ISSUES OR PAYMENT OR NON-PAYMENT DEFAULT HISTORY OF THE BORROWER, GUARANTOR, SPONSOR OR ANY OTHER PARTY TO A MORTGAGE LOAN, IF APPROPRIATE.]

 

Certain risks relating to bankruptcy proceedings are described in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage LoansA Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans” and “—Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

Tenant Issues

 

Tenant Concentrations

 

The Mortgaged Properties have tenant concentrations as set forth below:

 

158

 

 

[_____] of the Mortgaged Properties, securing in whole or in part [__] Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount are leased to a single tenant.

 

[_____] is a tenant at [__] of the mortgaged properties securing [_____] Mortgage Loans, representing in the aggregate approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date by allocated loan amount.

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING SINGLE TENANTS, IF APPROPRIATE].

 

See “—Lease Expirations and Terminations” below, “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally”, “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—A Tenant Concentration May Result in Increased Losses” and “—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses”.

 

Lease Expirations and Terminations

 

Expirations.

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties are subject to tenant leases that expire before the maturity date of the related Mortgage Loan. For tenant lease expiration information in the form of a lease rollover chart relating to each of the top 15 Mortgage Loans, see the related summaries attached as Annex A-3 to the prospectus. In addition, see Annex A-1 for tenant lease expiration dates for the five largest tenants (based on net rentable area leased) at each retail, office, mixed use and industrial Mortgaged Property. Even if none of the top five tenants at a particular Mortgaged Property have leases that expire before, or shortly after, the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan, there may still be a significant percentage of leases at a particular Mortgaged Property that expire in a single calendar year, a rolling 12-month period or prior to, or shortly after, the maturity of a Mortgage Loan. Furthermore, some of the Mortgaged Properties have significant leases or a significant concentration of leases that expire before, or shortly after, the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan. Identified below are certain material lease expirations or concentrations of lease expirations with respect to the Mortgaged Properties:

 

In certain cases, the lease of a single tenant, major tenant or anchor tenant at a multi-tenanted Mortgaged Property expires prior to the maturity date of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

With respect to the Mortgage Loans secured, in whole or in part, by the Mortgaged Property identified in the table below, such Mortgaged Property is occupied by a single tenant under a lease which expires prior to, or in the same year of, the maturity or anticipated repayment date of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

Mortgaged Property Name 

 

% of the Initial Pool Balance by Allocated
Loan Amount 

 

Lease Expiration
Date 

 

Maturity Date 

[___]   [___]%   [___]   [___]

 

With respect to the Mortgaged Properties shown in the table below, one or more leases representing 25% or greater of the net rentable square footage of the related Mortgaged Property (excluding Mortgaged Properties leased to a single tenant and set forth in the bullet above) expire in a single calendar year prior to, or the same year as, the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan. There may be other Mortgaged Properties as to which leases representing 25% or greater of the net rentable square footage of the related Mortgaged Property expire over several calendar years prior to maturity of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

159

 

 

Mortgaged Property Name 

 

% of the Initial Pool
Balance by Allocated
Loan Amount 

 

% of Leases Expiring 

 

Calendar Year of
Expiration 

 

Maturity Date 

[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]
[___]   [___]%   [___]%   [___]   [___]

 

In addition, with respect to certain other Mortgaged Properties, there are leases that represent in the aggregate a material portion (but less than 25%) of the net rentable square footage of the related Mortgaged Property that expire in a single calendar year prior to, or shortly after, the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING OTHER TENANT LEASE EXPIRATION ISSUES, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See Annex A-1 for tenant lease expiration dates for the five largest tenants (based on net rentable area leased) at each retail, office, mixed use and industrial Mortgaged Property.

 

Terminations.

 

In addition to termination options tied to certain triggers as described in “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Early Lease Termination Options May Reduce Cash Flow” that are common with respect to retail properties, certain tenant leases permit the related tenant to terminate its lease at any time. For example (with respect to the largest [15] Mortgage Loans and the largest five tenants at each Mortgaged Property):

 

[ADD DISCLOSURE RELATING TO UNILATERAL TERMINATION RIGHTS].

 

[Set forth below are certain government leases that individually represent more than [5]% of the base rent at the related Mortgaged Property and have these types of risks.] 

Mortgage Loan Name 

 

Percent of Initial
Pool Balance 

 

Tenant 

 

Percent of Net
Rentable Area 

 

Percent of
Base Rent 

[________]   [__]%   [________]   [__]%   [__]%
[________]   [__]%   [________]   [__]%   [__]%
[________]   [__]%   [________]   [__]%   [__]%

 

See Annex A-3 for more information on material termination options relating to the largest [15] Mortgage Loans.

 

Other. Tenants under certain leases included in the Underwritten Net Cash Flow, Underwritten NOI and/or Occupancy may not be in physical occupancy, may not have begun paying rent or may be in negotiation. For example, [with respect to single tenant properties or tenants that are one of the top five tenants by net rentable square footage at a Mortgaged Property or tenants individually or in the aggregate representing more than 25% of the net rentable area at the Mortgaged Property, certain of such tenants

 

160

 

 

have not taken possession or commenced paying rent as set forth below] [with respect to the largest [15] Mortgage Loans and the five largest tenants listed on Annex A-3]:

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING TENANTS OF THE MORTGAGED PROPERTIES THAT HAVE EXECUTED LEASES, BUT HAVE NOT YET TAKEN OCCUPANCY OR HAVE SIGNED A LETTER OF INTENT BUT NOT EXECUTED A LEASE WITH RESPECT TO THE RELATED SPACE.]

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING TENANTS WHOSE LEASE TERMS ARE UNDER NEGOTIATION BUT NOT YET SIGNED.]

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING TENANTS THAT ARE IN RENT ABATEMENT PERIODS.]

 

[ADD OTHER DISCLOSURES REGARDING TENANT ISSUES, IF APPROPRIATE.]

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Failed Assumptions”.

 

See Annex A-3 for more information on other tenant matters relating to the largest [15] Mortgage Loans.

 

Purchase Options and Rights of First Refusal

 

Below are certain purchase options and rights of first refusal to purchase all or a portion of the Mortgaged Property with respect to certain of the Mortgaged Properties.

 

[INSERT ANY PURCHASE OPTIONS AND RIGHTS OF FIRST REFUSAL.]

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Leases That Are Not Subordinated to the Lien of the Mortgage or Do Not Contain Attornment Provisions May Have an Adverse Impact at Foreclosure”.

 

[Credit Lease Loans]

 

[__] Mortgage Loans (the “Credit Lease Loans”), representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are backed by lease obligations (a “Credit Lease”) of a tenant (each, a “Tenant”). Each Credit Lease has a primary lease term (the “Primary Term”) that expires on or after the maturity date of the related Credit Lease Loan. The Credit Lease Loans are scheduled to be repaid from scheduled monthly rental payments (“Monthly Rental Payments”) which are equal to or greater than the scheduled payment of all principal, interest and other amounts due each month on the related Credit Lease Loan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the borrowers remain liable for all obligations under the Credit Lease Loans (subject to the non-recourse provisions).

 

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Credit Lease Loans:

 

Property Name 

 

Cut-off Date Balance 

 

Percentage Of Initial
Pool Balance 

 

Tenant/Lease Guarantor 

 

Lease Type 

                 
        %        
        %        
        %        
        %        
        %        
        %        
        %        

 

161

 

 

 

(1)The tenant may cancel the Credit Lease under certain circumstances in the event of a casualty or condemnation [(or, with respect to the [______] Mortgage Loan, condemnation only)] of the related Mortgaged Property without the payment of the outstanding principal amount of the related Credit Lease Loan plus all accrued interest. The related borrower has obtained an insurance policy to cover the occurrences of certain rent abatement or termination rights of the tenant.

 

(2)The borrower is responsible for structural repairs. Monthly reserves have been established and are taken from the tenant’s lease payments to cover this obligation.

 

[With respect to [__] Credit Lease Loans (identified as [__] and [__] on Annex A-1), representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, interest payments are due on the first day of each month and are calculated based upon a 30 day month and a 360 day year. Principal payments, per a schedule, are due on the first day of each calendar year. Those principal payments are scheduled to correspond with payments due under the related leases.]

 

Each mortgagor under a Credit Lease Loan has assigned to the mortgagee of the related Credit Lease Loan (each, a “Credit Lease Assignment”), as security for the mortgagor’s obligations, the mortgagor’s rights under the Credit Leases and its rights to all income and profits to be derived from the operation and leasing of the related property (each, a “Credit Lease Property”), including, but not limited to, an assignment of any guarantee of the Tenant’s obligations under the Credit Lease and an assignment of the right to receive all Monthly Rental Payments and any other sums due under the Credit Leases.

 

Each Credit Lease generally provides that the related Tenant must pay all real property taxes and assessments levied or assessed against the related Credit Lease Property, all charges for utility services and other operating expenses incurred in connection with the operation of the related Credit Lease Property. Generally, each Credit Lease Loan provides that if the Tenant defaults beyond applicable notice and grace periods in the performance of any covenant or agreement of that Credit Lease (a “Credit Lease Default”) and the related borrower defaults in its performance under that Credit Lease Loan, the mortgagee may exercise rights under the related Credit Lease Assignment to require the related mortgagor either (1) to terminate that Credit Lease or (2) not to terminate that Credit Lease and exercise any of its rights. A default under a Credit Lease will constitute a default under the related Credit Lease Loan.

 

While each Credit Lease requires the Tenant to fulfill its payment and maintenance obligations during the term of the Credit Lease, in some cases the Tenant has not covenanted to operate the related Credit Lease Property for the term of the Credit Lease, and the Tenant may at any time cease actual operations at the Credit Lease Property, but it remains obligated to continue to meet all of its obligations under the Credit Lease.

 

With respect to [__] Credit Lease Loans which are not secured by the assignment of a “bondable lease” (the “Lease Enhancement Policy Loans”), the lender is the beneficiary of a non-cancelable insurance policy (a “Lease Enhancement Policy”) obtained to cover certain lease termination and rent abatement events arising out of a casualty or condemnation (or, with respect to [__] Mortgage Loan (the “[__________]”), representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, condemnation only) of the related Credit Lease Property. A “bondable lease” generally means that the related Tenant has no rights under the terms of the related Credit Lease to terminate the Credit Lease or abate rent due under the Credit Lease, including by reason of the occurrence of certain casualty and condemnation events or the failure of the related mortgagor, as lessor, to perform required maintenance, repairs or replacement, except that the Tenant may have the right to terminate the Credit Lease upon the happening of that kind of casualty or condemnation if the Tenant makes a termination payment which is not less than the then-outstanding principal amount of the related Credit Lease Loan plus all accrued interest. The following table sets forth certain information with respect to each Lease Enhancement Policy for the Lease Enhancement Policy Loans.

 

162

 

 

Mortgage Loan 

 

Lease Enhancement Policy Issuer 

 

Financial Strength Rating 

         
         

The Lease Enhancement Policies issued by the related insurer for the related Credit Lease are subject to certain limited exclusions and do not insure interest on the Lease Enhancement Policy Loans for a period of greater than [__] days past the date of the occurrence of a casualty or condemnation event. The Lease Enhancement Policies permit payment of a lump sum payment of all outstanding principal plus, subject to the limitation above, accrued interest in the event of a permitted termination by the related Tenant of its Credit Lease as a result of a casualty or condemnation. If the related Credit Lease permits the related Tenant to abate all or a portion of the rent in the event of a casualty or condemnation, that payment will be in an amount equal to the portion of any Monthly Rental Payments not made by the Tenant for the period from the date the abatement commences until the earlier of the date the abatement ceases or the expiration date of the initial term of the Credit Lease; provided that in the event those payments would exceed the limits of liability under the policy, then the issuer of the related Lease Enhancement Policy may, at its option, pay the present value of the stream of partial abatement payments in a lump sum. The insurers are also not required to pay amounts due under the related Lease Enhancement Policy Loan other than amounts equal to principal and, subject to the limitation above, accrued interest, and consequently, are not required to pay any amounts equal to prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges due under the Lease Enhancement Policy or any amounts the related mortgagor is obligated to pay under the Lease Enhancement Policy to reimburse the master servicer or the trustee for outstanding Servicing Advances.

 

At the end of the term of the Credit Lease, the Tenant is generally obligated to surrender the Credit Lease Property in good order and in its original condition received by the Tenant, except for ordinary wear and tear and repairs required to be performed by the related borrower.

 

The underwriting guidelines of the applicable mortgage loan sellers with respect to the Credit Lease Loans are described under “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators—[INSERT CROSS-REFERENCE TO APPLICABLE SELLER’S UNDERWRITING STANDARDS]”.

 

Affiliated Leases

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties are leased in whole or in part by borrowers or borrower affiliates. Set forth below are examples of Mortgaged Properties or portfolios of Mortgaged Properties at which at least [___]% of (i) the gross income at the Mortgaged Property or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties relates to leases between the borrower and an affiliate of the borrower or (ii) the net rentable area at the Mortgaged Property or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties is leased to an affiliate of the borrower:

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES REGARDING ANY MORTGAGED PROPERTIES THAT ARE SUBJECT TO AFFILIATED LEASES.]

 

[OTHER MORTGAGED PROPERTIES MAY HAVE TENANTS THAT ARE AFFILIATED WITH THE RELATED BORROWER BUT THOSE TENANTS DO NOT REPRESENT MORE THAN [___]% OF THE GROSS INCOME OR NET RENTABLE AREA OF THE RELATED MORTGAGED PROPERTY.]

 

Insurance Considerations

 

The Mortgage Loans generally require that each Mortgaged Property be insured by a hazard insurance policy in an amount (subject to an approved deductible) at least equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan and 100% of the replacement cost of the improvements located on the related Mortgaged Property, and if applicable, that the related hazard insurance policy contain appropriate endorsements or have been issued in an amount sufficient to avoid the application of co-insurance and not permit reduction in insurance proceeds for depreciation; provided

 

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that, in the case of certain of the Mortgage Loans, the hazard insurance may be in such other amounts as was required by the related originators.

 

In general, the standard form of hazard insurance policy covers physical damage to, or destruction of, the improvements on the Mortgaged Property by fire, lightning, explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, riot or strike and civil commotion, subject to the conditions and exclusions set forth in each policy. Each Mortgage Loan generally also requires the related borrower to maintain comprehensive general liability insurance against claims for personal and bodily injury, death or property damage occurring on, in or about the related Mortgaged Property in an amount generally equal to at least $[1,000,000]. Each Mortgage Loan generally further requires the related borrower to maintain business interruption insurance in an amount not less than approximately 100% of the gross rental income from the related Mortgaged Property for not less than [12] months. In general, the Mortgage Loans (including those secured by Mortgaged Properties located in California) do not require earthquake insurance. [_____] of the Mortgaged Properties, securing [______]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are located in areas that are considered a high earthquake risk. These areas include all or parts of the states of [___________].

 

In the case of [__] Mortgaged Properties which secure in whole or in part [__] Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, the related borrowers maintain insurance under blanket policies.

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties may be insured by, or subject to self-insurance on the part of, a sole or significant tenant or the property manager as described below:

 

With respect to the Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [__________], [__________] and [__________] representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, the related borrower may rely on the single tenant’s insurance or self-insurance, so long as the single tenant’s lease is in effect and no default has occurred under the lease and the tenant’s insurance meets the requirements under the related loan documents. If the single tenant fails to provide acceptable insurance coverage, the borrower must obtain or provide supplemental coverage to meet the requirements under the loan documents.

 

[List any other issues related to insurance maintained at any of the Mortgaged Properties.]

 

Further, with respect to Mortgaged Properties that are part of condominium regimes, the insurance may be maintained by the condominium association rather than the related borrower. Many Mortgage Loans contain limitations on the obligation to obtain terrorism insurance. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties”.

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance”.

 

Use Restrictions

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties are subject to restrictions that restrict the use of such Mortgaged Properties to its current use, place other use restrictions on such Mortgaged Property or limit the related borrower’s ability to make changes to such Mortgaged Property.

 

[DESCRIBE ANY MORTGAGED PROPERTIES THAT ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON CURRENT USE.]

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions”.

 

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Appraised Value

 

In certain cases, appraisals may reflect “as-stabilized”, “as-renovated”, “as-complete and/or “as-hypothetical” in addition to “as-is” values. However, the Appraised Value reflected in this prospectus with respect to each Mortgaged Property reflects the “as-is” value, except as described in the definition of “Appraised Value” under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions—Definitions.”

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property”.

 

Non-Recourse Carveout Limitations

 

While the Mortgage Loans generally contain non-recourse carveouts for liabilities such as a result of fraud by the borrower, certain voluntary insolvency proceedings or other matters, certain of the Mortgage Loans may not contain such carveouts or contain limitations to such carveouts. In general, the liquidity and net worth of a non-recourse guarantor under a Mortgage Loan will be less, and may be materially less, than the outstanding principal amount of that Mortgage Loan. In addition, certain Mortgage Loans have additional limitations to the non-recourse carveouts. See Annex D-2 for additional information.

 

With respect to the Mortgage Loan secured by the Mortgaged Property identified on Annex A-1 as [________], representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, the related loan documents provide that the Mortgage Loan is not fully recourse to a separate non-recourse carveout guarantor for voluntary transfers of either the Mortgaged Property or equity interests in Mortgagor made in violation of the Mortgage Loan documents. In addition, the non-recourse carveout guarantor is not liable for recourse obligations for losses and damages sustained by reason of (i) breaches of the environmental covenants in the Mortgage Loan documents; or (ii) commission of intentional material physical waste at the Mortgaged Property. The liability of the non-recourse carveout guarantor is capped at $[_____].

 

[The non-recourse carveout provisions contained in certain of the Mortgage Loan documents may also limit the liability of the non-recourse carveout guarantor for certain monetary obligations or covenants related to the use and operation of the Mortgaged Property to the extent that there is sufficient cash flow generated by the Mortgaged Property and made available to the related borrower and/or non-recourse carveout guarantor to take or prevent such required action.]

 

[LIST ANY OTHER ISSUES RELATING TO NON-RECOURSE CARVE-OUT LIMITATIONS]

 

In addition, there may be impediments and/or difficulties in enforcing some or all of the non-recourse carveout liability obligations of individual guarantors depending on the domicile or citizenship of the guarantor.

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Mortgage Loans Are Non-Recourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed”.

 

Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations

 

Below are descriptions of real estate tax matters relating to certain Mortgaged Properties. Certain risks relating to real estate taxes regarding the Mortgaged Properties or the borrowers are described in

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES RELATING TO ANY MORTGAGED PROPERTIES THAT ARE SUBJECT TO ANY TAX INCENTIVE OR ABATEMENT PROGRAM.]

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Increases in Real Estate Taxes May Reduce Available Funds”.

 

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Delinquency Information

 

[DELINQUENT ASSETS WILL NOT CONSTITUTE 20% OR MORE OF THE ASSET POOL ON THE DATE OF ANY ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATES UNDER THIS FORM OF PROSPECTUS]

 

As of the Cut-off Date, [none] of the Mortgage Loans will be 30 days or more delinquent and none of the Mortgage Loans have been 30 days or more delinquent since origination. A Mortgage Loan will be treated as 30 days delinquent if the scheduled payment for a due date is not received from the related borrower by the immediately following due date. The following table contains delinquency information regarding the Mortgage Loans:

 

Delinquency Period (Days) 

 

Number of Mortgage
Loans 

 

Aggregate Cut-Off Date Balance of the
Mortgage Loans 

 

Percentage of Total 

0-30            
31-60            
61-90            
91-120            

 

Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans

 

Amortization of Principal

 

The Mortgage Loans provide for one or more of the following:

 

[____] Mortgage Loans (excluding interest-only and partial interest-only Mortgage Loans), representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for payments of interest and principal and then have an expected Balloon Balance at the maturity date.

 

[____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are interest-only for the entire term of the Mortgage Loans.

 

[____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for payments of interest only for the first [____] to [____] months following the cut-off date and thereafter provide for regularly scheduled payments of interest and principal based on an amortization period longer than the remaining term of the related Mortgage Loan and therefore have an expected Balloon Balance at the related maturity date.

 

[____] Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance are fully amortizing.

 

Due Dates; Mortgage Rates; Calculations of Interest

 

Subject in some cases to a next business day convention, all of the Mortgage Loans have due dates upon which scheduled payments of principal, interest or both are required to be made by the related borrower under the related Mortgage Note (each such date, a “Due Date”) that occur as described in the following table:

 

Overview of Due Dates

 

Due Date

 

Number of
Mortgage
Loans

 

Aggregate Principal
Balance of Mortgage
Loans 

 

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance

             
             
     
Total:      

 

The Mortgage Loans have grace periods as set forth in the following table:

 

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Overview of Grace Periods

 

Grace Period (Days)

 

Number of
Mortgage
Loans

 

Aggregate Principal
Balance of Mortgage
Loans

 

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance

             
             
       
Total:      

 

As used in this prospectus, “grace period” is the number of days before a payment default is an event of default under the terms of each Mortgage Loan. See Annex A-1 for information on the number of days before late payment charges are due under the Mortgage Loans. The information on Annex A-1 regarding the number of days before a late payment charge is due is based on the express terms of the Mortgage Loans. Some jurisdictions may impose a statutorily longer period.

 

All of the Mortgage Loans are secured by first liens on fee simple and/or leasehold interests in the related Mortgaged Properties, subject to the permitted exceptions reflected in the related title insurance policy. All of the Mortgage Loans bear fixed interest rates.

 

[______] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, accrue interest on the basis of the actual number of days in a month, assuming a 360-day year (“Actual/360 Basis”). [___] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, accrue interest on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of 12, 30-day months (“30/360 Basis”).

 

ARD Loan

 

[_______] Mortgage Loan securing the portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified as [_________] on Annex A-1 (the “ARD Loan”), representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, provides that, after a certain date (the “Anticipated Repayment Date”), if the related borrower has not prepaid the ARD Loan in full, any principal outstanding on that date will accrue interest at an increased interest rate (the “Revised Rate”) rather than the stated Mortgage Rate (the “Initial Rate”). See Annex A-1 for the Anticipated Repayment Date and the Revised Rate for the ARD Loan.

 

After its Anticipated Repayment Date, the ARD Loan further requires that all cash flow available from the related Mortgaged Properties after payment of the monthly debt service payments required under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and all escrows and property expenses required under the related Mortgage Loan documents be used to accelerate amortization of principal (without payment of any yield maintenance premium or prepayment charge) on the ARD Loan. While interest at the Initial Rate continues to accrue and be payable on a current basis on the ARD Loan after its Anticipated Repayment Date, the payment of Excess Interest, to the extent actually collected, will be deferred and will be required to be paid, only after the outstanding principal balance of the ARD Loan has been paid in full, at which time the Excess Interest will be paid to the holders of the Class [_____] certificates [and the VRR Interest]. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks of Anticipated Repayment Date Loans”.

 

Single Purpose Entity Covenants

 

[ADD DISCLOSURE REGARDING MORTGAGE LOANS WITH PRINCIPAL BALANCES LESS THAN $[_________], FOR WHICH THERE IS NO INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR, MANAGER OR TRUSTEE IN PLACE WITH RESPECT TO THE RELATED BORROWER.]

 

[ADD DISCLOSURE REGARDING THE TERMS OF THE BORROWERS’ ORGANIZATIONAL DOCUMENTS OR THE TERMS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS THAT DO NOT LIMIT THE BORROWERS’ ACTIVITIES TO THE OWNERSHIP OF ONLY THE RELATED MORTGAGED PROPERTIES AND RELATED ACTIVITIES, OR DO NOT LIMIT THE BORROWERS’ ABILITY TO INCUR ADDITIONAL INDEBTEDNESS, OTHER THAN CERTAIN TRADE DEBT, EQUIPMENT FINANCING AND OTHER UNSECURED DEBT RELATING TO PROPERTY OPERATIONS, AND

 

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OTHER THAN SUBORDINATED OR UNSECURED DEBT PERMITTED UNDER THE MORTGAGE LOAN DOCUMENTS.] See “—Additional Indebtedness” below.

 

See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

Prepayment Protections and Certain Involuntary Prepayments

 

[All] of the Mortgage Loans have a degree of voluntary prepayment protection in the form of defeasance or prepayment lockout provisions and/or yield maintenance provisions. Voluntary prepayments, if permitted, generally require the payment of a yield maintenance charge or a prepayment premium unless the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) is prepaid within a specified period (ranging from approximately [_] to [__] payments) up to and including the stated maturity date. See Annex A-1 and Annex A-2 for more information on the prepayment protections attributable to the Mortgage Loans on a loan-by-loan basis and a pool basis.

 

[INSERT DISCLOSURES REGARDING MANDATORY PREPAYMENT PROVISIONS OTHER THAN CUSTOMARY CASUALTY OR CONDEMNATION PROVISIONS.]

 

Additionally, certain Mortgage Loans may provide that in the event of the exercise of a purchase option by a tenant or the sale of real property or the release of a portion of the Mortgaged Property, that the related Mortgage Loans may be prepaid in part prior to the expiration of a prepayment/defeasance lockout provision. See “—Partial Releases” below.

 

Generally, no yield maintenance charge will be required for prepayments in connection with a casualty or condemnation, unless, in the case of most of the Mortgage Loans, an event of default has occurred and is continuing. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions” in the prospectus. In addition, certain of the Mortgage Loans permit the related borrower, after a total or partial casualty or partial condemnation, to prepay the remaining principal balance of the Mortgage Loan (after application of the related insurance proceeds or condemnation award to pay the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan), which may not be accompanied by any prepayment consideration.

 

Certain of the Mortgage Loans are secured in part by letters of credit and/or cash reserves that in each such case:

 

will be released to the related borrower upon satisfaction by the related borrower of certain performance related conditions, which may include, in some cases, meeting debt service coverage ratio levels and/or satisfying leasing conditions; and

 

if not so released, may, at the discretion of the lender, prior to loan maturity (or earlier loan default or loan acceleration), be drawn on and/or applied to prepay the subject Mortgage Loan if such performance related conditions are not satisfied within specified time periods.

 

See Annex A-1 and A-3 for more information on reserves relating to the largest [10] Mortgage Loans.

 

Voluntary Prepayments

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [___] % of the Initial Pool Balance, permit the related borrower, after a lockout period of [__] to [__] payments following the origination date, to prepay the Mortgage Loan with the payment of the greater of a yield maintenance charge and a prepayment premium of [__]% of the prepaid amount if such prepayment occurs prior to the related open prepayment period.

 

[INSERT DISCLOSURES REGARDING VOLUNTARY PREPAYMENTS PROVISIONS, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

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The Mortgage Loans generally permit voluntary prepayment without payment of a yield maintenance charge or any prepayment premium during a limited “open period” immediately prior to and including the stated maturity date, as follows:

 

Prepayment Open Periods

 

Open Periods (Payments) 

 

Number of Mortgage Loans 

 

Aggregate Principal
Balance of Mortgage
Loans 

 

% of Initial Pool Balance 

             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
       
Total          

100.0%

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions”.

 

“Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Provisions

 

The Mortgage Loans generally contain “due-on-sale” and “due-on-encumbrance” clauses, which in each case permits the holder of the Mortgage Loan to accelerate the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan if the related borrower sells or otherwise transfers or encumbers (subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Mortgage Loan documents) the related Mortgaged Property or a controlling interest in the borrower without the consent of the mortgagee (which, in some cases, may not be unreasonably withheld). Many of the Mortgage Loans place certain restrictions (subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Mortgage Loan documents) on the transfer and/or pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower such as specific percentage or control limitations. The terms of the mortgages generally permit, subject to certain limitations, affiliate, estate planning and family transfers, transfers at death, transfers of interest in a public company, the transfer or pledge of less than a controlling portion of the partnership, members’ or other equity interests in a borrower, the transfer or pledge of passive equity interests in a borrower (such as limited partnership interests and non-managing member interests in a limited liability company) and transfers to persons satisfying qualification criteria set forth in the related loan documents. Certain of the Mortgage Loans do not restrict the pledging of direct or indirect ownership interests in the related borrower, but do restrict the transfer of ownership interests in the related borrower by imposing a specific percentage, a control limitation or requiring the consent of the mortgagee to any such transfer. Generally, the Mortgage Loans do not prohibit transfers of non-controlling interests so long as no change of control results or, with respect to Mortgage Loans to tenant-in-common borrowers, transfers to new tenant-in-common borrowers. Certain of the Mortgage Loans do not prohibit the pledge by direct or indirect owners of the related borrower of equity distributions that may be made from time to time by the borrower to its equity owners.

 

Additionally, certain of the Mortgage Loans provide that transfers of the Mortgaged Property are permitted if certain conditions are satisfied, which may include one or more of the following:

 

no event of default has occurred;

 

the proposed transferee is creditworthy and has sufficient experience in the ownership and management of properties similar to the Mortgaged Property;

 

a Rating Agency Confirmation has been obtained from each of the Rating Agencies;

 

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the transferee has executed and delivered an assumption agreement evidencing its agreement to abide by the terms of the Mortgage Loan together with legal opinions and title insurance endorsements; and

 

the assumption fee has been received (which assumption fee will be paid as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”, but will in no event be paid to the Certificateholders); however, certain of the Mortgage Loans allow the borrower to sell or otherwise transfer the related Mortgaged Property a limited number of times without paying an assumption fee.

 

Transfers resulting from the foreclosure of a pledge of the collateral for a mezzanine loan (if any) will also result in a permitted transfer. See “—Additional Indebtedness” below.

 

Defeasance; Collateral Substitution

 

The terms of [___] of the Mortgage Loans (the “Defeasance Loans”), representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, permit the applicable borrower at any time (provided no event of default exists) after a specified period (the “Defeasance Lock-Out Period”) to obtain a release of a Mortgaged Property from the lien of the related Mortgage (a “Defeasance Option”) in connection with a defeasance. With respect to all of the Defeasance Loans, the Defeasance Lock-Out Period ends at least two years after the Closing Date.

 

Exercise of a Defeasance Option is also generally conditioned on, among other things, (a) the borrower providing the mortgagee with at least 30 days prior written notice of the date on which such defeasance will occur (such date, the “Release Date”), and (b) the borrower (A) paying on any Release Date (i) all accrued and unpaid interest on the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan (or, the related Whole Loan) up to and including the Release Date, (ii) all other sums (excluding scheduled interest or principal payments due following the Release Date), due under the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) and under all other loan documents executed in connection with the Defeasance Option, (iii) an amount (the “Defeasance Deposit”) that will be sufficient to (x) purchase non-callable obligations of, or backed by the full faith and credit of, the United States of America or, in certain cases, other “government securities” (within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and otherwise satisfying REMIC requirements for defeasance collateral), that provide payments (1) on or prior to, but as close as possible to, all successive scheduled due dates occurring during the period from the Release Date to the related maturity date (or to the first day of the open period for such Mortgage Loan) (or Whole Loan, if applicable) and (2) in amounts equal to the scheduled payments due on such due dates under the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable), or under the defeased portion of the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) in the case of a partial defeasance, including in the case of a Mortgage Loan with a balloon payment due at maturity or anticipated repayment date, the balloon payment, and (y) pay any costs and expenses incurred in connection with the purchase of such government securities, and (B) delivering a security agreement granting the issuing entity a first priority lien on the Defeasance Deposit and, in certain cases, the government securities purchased with the Defeasance Deposit and an opinion of counsel to such effect.

 

For additional information on Mortgage Loans that permit partial defeasance, see “—Partial Releases” below.

 

In general, if consistent with the related loan documents, a successor borrower established, designated or approved by the master servicer will assume the obligations of the related borrower exercising a Defeasance Option and the borrower will be relieved of its obligations under the Mortgage Loan. If a Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) is partially defeased, if consistent with the related loan documents, generally the related promissory note will be split and only the defeased portion of the borrower’s obligations will be transferred to the successor borrower.

 

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[Partial Releases]

 

The Mortgage Loans described below permit the release of one or more of the Mortgaged Properties or a portion of a single Mortgaged Property in connection with a partial defeasance, a partial prepayment, a partial substitution, or for no consideration in the case of parcels that are vacant, non-income producing or were not taken into account in the underwriting of the Mortgage Loan, subject to the satisfaction of certain specified conditions, including the REMIC requirements. Additionally, certain Mortgage Loans permit the addition of real property to the Mortgage Loan collateral.

 

[ADD DISCLOSURES WITH RESPECT TO A PARTIAL DEFEASANCE, A PARTIAL PREPAYMENT, A PARTIAL SUBSTITUTION OR ADDITIONAL COLLATERAL, IF APPROPRIATE.]

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions”.]

 

Escrows

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for monthly or upfront escrows to cover property taxes on the Mortgaged Properties.

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for monthly or upfront escrows to cover insurance premiums on the Mortgaged Properties.

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for monthly or upfront escrows to cover ongoing replacements and capital repairs.

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for monthly or upfront escrows to cover planned capital expenditures or franchise-mandated property improvement plans.

 

[_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are secured by office, retail, industrial and mixed use properties, provide for upfront or monthly escrows (or credit) for the full term or a portion of the term of the related Mortgage Loan to cover anticipated re-leasing costs, including tenant improvements and leasing commissions or other lease termination or occupancy issues. Such escrows are typically considered for office, retail, industrial and mixed use properties only.

 

Certain of the Mortgage Loans described above permit the related borrower to post a letter of credit in lieu of maintaining cash reserves. In addition, in certain cases, the related borrower may not be required to maintain the escrows described above until the occurrence of a specified trigger.

 

Many of the Mortgage Loans provide for other escrows and reserves, including, in certain cases, reserves for debt service, operating expenses, vacancies at the related Mortgaged Property and other shortfalls or reserves to be released under circumstances described in the related Mortgage Loan documents.

 

Mortgaged Property Accounts

 

Lockbox Accounts. The Mortgage Loans documents prescribe the manner in which the related borrowers are permitted to collect rents from tenants at each Mortgaged Property. The following table sets forth the account mechanics prescribed for the Mortgage Loans:

 

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Lockbox Account Types

 

Lockbox Type 

 

Number of Mortgage Loans 

 

Aggregate Principal Balance of Mortgage Loans 

 

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance 

Hard Lockbox            
Soft Lockbox            
Soft Springing Lockbox            
Springing Lockbox          
None      
Total:            

 

Except as set forth in the table above [and where noted below], the borrower is entitled to receive a disbursement of all cash remaining in the lockbox account after required payment for debt service, agent fees, required reserves, and operating expenses, the agreements governing the lockbox accounts provide that the borrower has no withdrawal or transfer rights with respect to the related lockbox account. The lockbox accounts will not be assets of the issuing entity.

 

[Delaware Statutory Trusts]

 

With respect to the Mortgage Loan identified on Annex A-1 as [________], representing [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, the related borrower is a Delaware statutory trust. A Delaware statutory trust is restricted in its ability to actively operate a property. Accordingly, the related borrower has master leased the property to a newly formed, single-purpose entity that is wholly owned by the same entity that owns the signatory trustee for the related borrower. The master lease has been collaterally assigned to the lender and has been subordinated to the related Mortgage Loan documents. In the case of a Mortgaged Property that is owned by a Delaware statutory trust, there is a risk that obtaining the consent of the holders of the beneficial interests in the Delaware statutory trust will be time consuming and cause delays with respect to the taking of certain actions by or on behalf of the borrower, including with respect to the related Mortgaged Property.]

 

[Shari’ah Compliant Loan]

 

The Mortgage Loan identified on Annex A-1 as [_____], representing [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, was structured as a Shari’ah compliant loan. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Shari’ah Compliant Loans”.

 

The purpose of Shari’ah compliant lending structures is to provide financing to those that follow the Islamic faith and want to comply with Shari’ah laws. Although there are many requirements under Shari’ah laws that affect lending, the rule most affecting the standard loan structure is that Shari’ah laws prohibit transaction involving the payment of interest. This is based on the Shari’ah principle that it is unacceptable, in and of itself, for money to increase in value merely by being lent to another person. To accommodate the prohibition on interest, the structure is generally set up so that, although the Shari’ah compliant party is paying the amount that the lender would expect to receive as principal and interest payments, the payments themselves are characterized as rent. This is accomplished through the use of a non-compliant party that receives a traditional loan, and leases the property to the Shari’ah compliant party using a master lease (with the Shari’ah compliant party having an option to purchase at the end of the term of the Mortgage Loan).

 

[DESCRIBE APPLICABLE PROVISIONS]]

 

Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines

 

As described under “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators—Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC— The Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions to Underwriting Standards”, [__] Mortgage Loan, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, was originated by a [___________] with exceptions to the underwriting guidelines with respect to [__________]. [DISCLOSURE TO BE INCLUDED TO DESCRIBE HOW THE APPLICABLE LOANS, IF ANY, DEVIATE FROM THE DISCLOSED UNDERWRITING CRITERIA,

 

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INCLUDING THE NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF LOANS WITH SUCH EXCEPTIONS. DISCLOSURE TO BE INCLUDED TO DESCRIBE WHICH ENTITY OR ENTITIES DETERMINED THAT THOSE LOANS SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE POOL, DESPITE NOT HAVING MET THE DISCLOSED UNDERWRITING CRITERIA, AND WHAT FACTORS WERE USED TO MAKE THE DETERMINATION, SUCH AS COMPENSATING FACTORS OR A DETERMINATION THAT THE EXCEPTION WAS NOT MATERIAL. IF COMPENSATING OR OTHER FACTORS WERE USED, DATA ON THE AMOUNT OF LOANS IN THE POOL THAT ARE REPRESENTED AS MEETING EACH SUCH FACTOR AND THE AMOUNT OF LOANS THAT DO NOT MEET THOSE FACTORS WILL BE PROVIDED. IF MULTIPLE ENTITIES ARE INVOLVED IN THE DECISION TO INCLUDE ASSETS DESPITE NOT HAVING MET THE DISCLOSED UNDERWRITING CRITERIA, THIS WILL BE DESCRIBED AND THE IDENTITY OF EACH PARTICIPATING ENTITY WILL BE DISCLOSED.]

 

Additional Indebtedness

 

General

 

The Mortgage Loans generally prohibit borrowers from incurring any additional debt secured by their Mortgaged Property without the consent of the lender. However:

 

substantially all of the Mortgage Loans permit the related borrower to incur limited indebtedness in the ordinary course of business that is not secured by the related Mortgaged Property;

 

the borrowers under certain of the Mortgage Loans have incurred and/or may incur in the future unsecured debt other than in the ordinary course of business;

 

any borrower that is not required pursuant to the terms of the applicable Mortgage Loan documents to meet single purpose entity criteria may not be restricted from incurring unsecured debt or mezzanine debt;

 

the terms of certain Mortgage Loans permit the borrowers to post letters of credit and/or surety bonds for the benefit of the mortgagee under the Mortgage Loans, which may constitute a contingent reimbursement obligation of the related borrower or an affiliate. The issuing bank or surety will not typically agree to subordination and standstill protection benefiting the mortgagee;

 

although the Mortgage Loans generally place certain restrictions on incurring mezzanine debt by the pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower, such as specific percentage or control limitations, the terms of the Mortgage Loan documents generally permit, subject to certain limitations, the pledge of the limited partnership or non-managing membership equity interests in a borrower or less than a controlling interest of any other equity interests in a borrower;

 

certain of the Mortgage Loans do not restrict the pledging of ownership interests in the borrower, but do restrict the transfer of ownership interests in a borrower by imposing limitations on transfer of control or a specific percentage of ownership interests; and

 

certain Mortgage Loans do not restrict the related ground tenant from financing the related improvements as long as such financing does not constitute a lien on the borrower’s right, title and interest in the fee collateral.

 

Whole Loans

 

Certain Mortgage Loans are subject to the rights of a related Companion Loan holder, as further described in “—The Whole Loans” below.

 

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Mezzanine Indebtedness

 

Although the Mortgage Loans generally place certain restrictions on incurring mezzanine debt by the pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower, such as specific percentage or control limitations, the terms of the Mortgages generally permit, subject to certain limitations, the pledge of less than a controlling portion of the limited partnership or non-managing membership equity interests in a borrower. Certain Mortgage Loans described below permit the incurrence of mezzanine debt subject to satisfaction of certain conditions including a certain maximum combined loan-to-value ratio and/or a minimum combined debt service coverage ratio, and in some cases mezzanine debt is already in place. Also, certain of the Mortgage Loans do not restrict the pledging of ownership interests in the related borrower, but do restrict the transfer of ownership interests in a borrower by imposing limitations on transfer of control or a specific percentage of ownership interests. In addition, in general, a borrower (or its direct or indirect owners) that does not meet single-purpose entity criteria may not be restricted in any way from incurring mezzanine debt.

 

As of the Cut-off Date, each sponsor has informed us that it is aware of the following existing mezzanine indebtedness with respect to the Mortgage Loans it is selling to the depositor:

 

Mortgage Loan Name 

Mortgage Loan Cut-off Date Balance 

Mezzanine Debt Cut-off Date Balance 

Companion Loan Cut-off Date Balance 

Cut-off Date Total Debt Balance 

Cut-off Date Wtd. Avg. Total Debt Interest Rate(1) 

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan LTV Ratio(2) 

Cut-off Date Total Debt LTV Ratio(1) 

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR(2) 

Cut-off Date Total Debt Underwritten NCF DSCR(1) 

[___] $[___] $[___] $[___] $[___] [___]% [___]% [___]% [___]x [___]x
[___] $[___] $[___] $[___] $[___] [___]% [___]% [___]% [___]x [___]x

 

 

 

(1)[Calculated including the mezzanine debt and [any related Companion Loan (including any related Subordinate Companion Loan)]

 

(2)[Calculated including any related Pari Passu Companion Loan (but without regard to any Subordinate Companion Loan)]

 

[INSERT OTHER APPROPRIATE FOOTNOTES]

 

[In each case, the mezzanine indebtedness is coterminous with the related Mortgage Loan.]

 

Each of the mezzanine loans related to the Mortgage Loans identified in the table above secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as [_____], representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, is subject to an intercreditor agreement between the holder of the related mezzanine loan and the related lender under the related Mortgage Loan that, in each case, sets forth the relative priorities between the related Mortgage Loan and the related mezzanine loan. Each intercreditor agreement provides, among other things, generally that (a) all payments due under the related mezzanine loan are subordinate after an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan to any and all payments required to be made under the related Mortgage Loan (except for any payments from funds other than the mortgaged property or proceeds of any enforcement upon the mezzanine loan collateral and any mezzanine loan guarantees), (b) so long as there is no event of default under the related Mortgage Loan, the related mezzanine lender may accept payments on and prepayments of the related mezzanine loan; provided, however, that prepayment of the mezzanine loan is not permitted prior to the prepayment in full of the related Mortgage Loan, (c) the related mezzanine lender will have certain rights to receive notice of and cure defaults under the related Mortgage Loan prior to any acceleration or enforcement of the related Mortgage Loan, (d) the related mezzanine lender may amend or modify the related mezzanine loan in certain respects without the consent of the related mortgage lender, and the mortgage lender must obtain the mezzanine lender’s consent to amend or modify the Mortgage Loan in certain respects, (e) upon the occurrence of an event of default under the related mezzanine loan documents, the related mezzanine lender may foreclose upon the membership interests in the related Mortgage Loan borrower, which could result in a change of control with respect to the related Mortgage Loan borrower and a change in the management of the related Mortgaged Properties, (f) if the related Mortgage Loan is accelerated or, in some cases, becomes specially serviced or if a monetary or material non-monetary default occurs and continues for a specified period of time under the related Mortgage Loan or if the Mortgage Loan borrower becomes a debtor in a bankruptcy or if the related Mortgage Loan

 

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lender exercises any enforcement action under the related Mortgage Loan documents with respect to the related Mortgage Loan borrower or the related Mortgaged Properties, the related mezzanine lender has the right to purchase the related Mortgage Loan, in whole but not in part, for a price generally equal to the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan, together with all accrued interest and other amounts due thereon, plus any advances made by the related Mortgage Loan lender or its servicer and any interest thereon plus, subject to certain limitations, any Liquidation Fees and Special Servicing Fees payable under the PSA, but generally excluding any late charges, default interest, exit fees, special maintenance charges payable in connection with a prepayment or yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums and (g) an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan will trigger an event of default under the mezzanine loan.

 

The Mortgage Loans generally place certain restrictions on the transfer and/or pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower such as specific percentage or control limitations as described under “—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Provisions” below. Certain of the Mortgage Loans do not prohibit the pledge by direct or indirect owners of the related borrower of equity distributions that may be made from time to time by the borrower to its equity owners.

 

With respect to the Mortgage Loans listed in the following chart, the direct and indirect equity owners of the borrower are permitted to incur future mezzanine debt, subject to the satisfaction of conditions contained in the related loan documents, including, among other things, a combined maximum loan-to-value ratio, a combined minimum debt service coverage ratio and/or a combined minimum debt yield, as listed in the following chart and determined in accordance with the related loan documents:

 

Mortgage Loan Name 

Mortgage Loan
Cut-off Date
Balance 

Combined
Maximum LTV
Ratio 

Combined
Minimum DSCR 

Combined
Minimum Debt
Yield 

Intercreditor
Agreement
Required 

[___](1) $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]
[___] $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]
[___] $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]
[___] $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]
[___] $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]
[___] $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]
[___] $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]
[___] $[___] [___]% [___]x [___]% [___]

 

 

(1)[Describe when Future mezzanine debt or preferred equity is permitted and other applicable footnotes]

 

The specific rights of the related mezzanine lender with respect to any such future mezzanine loan will be specified in the related intercreditor agreement, which rights may include that (a) the related mezzanine lender will have certain rights to receive notice of and cure defaults under the related Mortgage Loan prior to any acceleration or enforcement of the related Mortgage Loan and (b) if the related Mortgage Loan is accelerated or, in some cases, becomes specially serviced or if a monetary or material non-monetary default occurs and continues for a specified period of time under the related Mortgage Loan or if the Mortgage Loan borrower becomes a debtor in a bankruptcy or if the related Mortgage Loan lender exercises any enforcement action under the related Mortgage Loan documents with respect to the related Mortgage Loan borrower or the related Mortgaged Properties, the related mezzanine lender has the right to purchase the related Mortgage Loan, in whole but not in part, for a price generally equal to the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan, together with all accrued interest and other amounts due thereon, plus any advances made by the related Mortgage Loan lender or its servicer and any interest thereon plus, subject to certain limitations, any Liquidation Fees and Special Servicing Fees payable under the PSA, but generally excluding any late charges, default interest, exit fees, special maintenance charges payable in connection with a prepayment or Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums. [Other than the Mortgage Loan identified as “[______]”on Annex A-1, representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance,] the intercreditor required to be entered into in connection with any future mezzanine loan will be subject to receipt of a Rating Agency

 

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Confirmation. The direct and/or indirect owners of a borrower under a Mortgage Loan are also generally permitted to pledge their interest in such borrower as security for a mezzanine loan in circumstances where the ultimate transfer of such interest to the mezzanine lender would be a permitted transfer under the related Mortgage Loan documents.

 

Generally, upon a default under a mezzanine loan, subject to the terms of any applicable intercreditor or subordination agreement, the holder of the mezzanine loan would be entitled to foreclose upon the equity in the related borrower, which has been pledged to secure payment of such debt. Although this transfer of equity may not trigger the due on sale clause under the related Mortgage Loan, it could cause a change in control of the borrower and/or cause the obligor under the mezzanine loan to file for bankruptcy, which could negatively affect the operation of the related Mortgaged Property and the related borrower’s ability to make payments on the related Mortgage Loan in a timely manner.

 

[INSERT ANY LOAN SPECIFIC DISCLOSURES, IF APPROPRIATE]

 

See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk”.

 

Preferred Equity

 

[ADD DISCLOSURE REGARDING MORTGAGE LOANS THAT HAVE OR PERMIT “PREFERRED EQUITY” STRUCTURES, WHERE A SPECIAL LIMITED PARTNER OR MEMBER RECEIVES A PREFERRED RETURN IN EXCHANGE FOR AN INFUSION OF CAPITAL]

 

Because preferred equity often provides for a higher rate of return to be paid to the holders of such preferred equity, preferred equity in some respects functions like mezzanine indebtedness, and reduces a principal’s economic stake in the related Mortgaged Property, reduces cash flow on the borrower’s Mortgaged Property after the payment of debt service and payments on the preferred equity and may increase the likelihood that the owner of a borrower will permit the value or income-producing potential of a Mortgaged Property to fall and may create a greater risk that a borrower will default on the Mortgage Loan secured by a Mortgaged Property whose value or income is relatively weak.

 

Other Secured Indebtedness

 

[ADD APPLICABLE DISCLOSURE RELATING TO ANY INDEBTEDNESS OF THE BORROWER OTHER THAN THE MORTGAGE LOAN OR A COMPANION LOAN THAT IS SECURED BY A MORTGAGE ON THE RELATED MORTGAGED PROPERTY OR ANY MORTGAGE LOAN THAT PERMITS SUCH INDEBTEDNESS IN THE FUTURE]

 

Other Unsecured Indebtedness

 

Certain Mortgage Loans permit the borrower to incur certain other subordinate indebtedness as described below:

 

[With respect to [___] Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [_____]% the Initial Pool Balance, each borrower has secured and/or unsecured debt payable to an affiliate of that borrower (“Affiliate Debt”) in addition to the debt under the Mortgage Loan. For each Mortgage Loan with Affiliate Debt, the Affiliate Debt creditor has entered into a subordination agreement with the lender acknowledging that the Affiliate Debt is non-foreclosable and non-defaultable and imposing limits on the borrower’s ability to incur any further subordinate debt. Payments on that Affiliate Debt are required to be made solely out of excess cash flow after monthly payments of principal and interest have been made and any reserves required by the terms of the related Mortgage Loans have been funded as required under the Mortgage Loan documents. Additionally [__] other Mortgage Loans which do not currently have Affiliate Debt, representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, permit the related borrower to incur Affiliate Debt under certain circumstances.

 

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[DESCRIBE ANY OTHER UNSECURED INDEBTEDNESS OF THE BORROWER OR PERMITTED FUTURE UNSECURED INDEBTEDNESS]

 

Certain risks relating to additional debt are described in “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk”.

 

The Whole Loans

 

General

 

Each of the Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 as “[LIST LOAN NAMES]” is part of the related Whole Loan consisting of the Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s). [___] Mortgage Loan secured by the Mortgaged Property identified on Annex A-1 as “[LIST LOAN NAME]” is part of the related Whole Loan consisting of that Mortgage Loan and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan (the “AB Whole Loan”). In connection with each Whole Loan, the rights between the trustee on behalf of the issuing entity and the holder of the related Companion Loan (the “Companion Loan Holder”) are generally governed by a intercreditor agreement (each, a “Intercreditor Agreement”). With respect to each of the Whole Loans, the related Mortgage Loan and related Companion Loans are cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted.

 

The table below provides certain information with respect to each Mortgage Loan that has a corresponding Companion Loan:

 

Whole Loan Summary

 

Mortgage Loan Name 

Mortgage Loan Cut-off Date Balance 

% of Initial Pool Balance 

Pari Passu Companion Loan Cut-off Date Balance 

Subordinate Companion Loan Cut-off Date Balance 

Mortgage Loan LTV Ratio(2) 

Whole Loan LTV Ratio(3) 

Mortgage Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR(2) 

Whole Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR(3) 

[___] $[___] [___]%       [___]%   [___]x
[___] $[___] [___]%       [___]%   [___]x

 

 

(1)[Indicate the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan that is included in the issuing entity.]

 

(2)Calculated including the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) but excluding any related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan(s).

 

(3)Calculated including the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) and any related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan(s).

 

The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan

 

[THE FOLLOWING DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT WILL BE UPDATED IN THE PROSPECTUS BASED ON THE NUMBER OF THE SERVICED WHOLE LOANS AND THE FINAL TERMS OF THE RELATED INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT]

 

General. [___] Mortgage Loan, identified as “[NAME OF THE SERVICED PARI PASSU WHOLE LOAN]” (the “Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan”) on Annex A-1, representing approximately [_____] % of the Initial Pool Balance, is part of a split loan structure comprised of two mortgage notes, each of which is secured by the same mortgage instrument on the same underlying Mortgaged Property.

 

The Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan is evidenced by a promissory note with a Cut-off Date Balance of $[_________]. The related Pari Passu Companion Loan (the “Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan”) is evidenced by a promissory note with a Cut-off Date Balance of $[________] that is not included in the issuing entity. Only the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan is included in the issuing entity. The Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the Pari Passu Companion Loan are pari passu with each other in terms of priority and are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan”. It is anticipated that the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan will be included in a future securitization. However, we cannot assure you that this will ultimately occur. The rights of the issuing entity as the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the rights of the holder of the Serviced

 

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Pari Passu Companion Loan are subject to an Intercreditor Agreement (the “Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement”). The following summaries describe certain provisions of the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Servicing. The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan (including the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan) and any related REO Property will be serviced and administered by the master servicer and the special servicer, pursuant to the PSA, in the manner described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”, but subject to the terms of the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

Application of Payments. The Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement sets forth the respective rights of the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan with respect to distributions of funds received in respect of the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, and provides, in general, that:

 

the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan are of equal priority with each other and no portion of either of them will have priority or preference over any portion of the other or security therefor;

 

all payments, proceeds and other recoveries on or in respect of the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan or the related Mortgaged Property will be applied to the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan on a pro rata and pari passu basis according to their respective outstanding principal balances (subject, in each case, to the payment of amounts for required reserves or escrows required by the related Mortgage Loan documents and payment and reimbursement rights of the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the certificate administrator, the depositor and the trustee) in accordance with the terms of the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement and the PSA; and

 

costs, fees, expenses, losses and shortfalls relating to the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan will be allocated, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan in accordance with the terms of the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement and the PSA.

 

For more information regarding the allocation of collections and expenses in respect of the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” and “—Withdrawals from the Collection Account”.

 

Consultation and Control. The controlling noteholder under the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement will be the issuing entity as holder of the applicable Mortgage Loan. Pursuant to the terms of the PSA, the Directing Certificateholder and the operating advisor will each have the same consent and/or consultation rights with respect to the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan as each does, and for so long as each does, with respect to the other Mortgage Loans included in the issuing entity. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement, the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative which, at any time the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan is included in a securitization, may be the controlling class certificateholder for that securitization or any other party assigned the rights to exercise the rights of the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, as and to the extent provided in the related pooling and servicing agreement) will (i) have the right to receive copies of all notices, information and reports that the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is required to provide to the Directing Certificateholder (within the same time frame such notices, information and reports are or would have been required to be provided to the Directing Certificateholder under the PSA without regard to the occurrence of a Control Termination Event or Consultation Termination Event) with respect to any major decisions to be taken with respect to the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan or the implementation of any recommended action outlined in an asset status report relating to the Serviced Whole Loan and (ii) have

 

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the right to be consulted on a strictly non-binding basis to the extent the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) requests consultation with respect to certain major decisions to be taken with respect to the Serviced Whole Loan or the implementation of any recommended action outlined in an asset status report relating to the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan. The consultation right of the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) will expire 10 business days following the delivery of written notice and information relating to the matter subject to consultation whether or not the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) has responded within such period; provided that if the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, proposes a new course of action that is materially different from the actions previously proposed, the 10 business day consultation period will be deemed to begin anew from the date of delivery of such new proposal and delivery of all information related to such new proposal. Notwithstanding the consultation rights of the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) described above, the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is permitted to make any material decision or take any action set forth in the asset status report before the expiration of the aforementioned 10 business day period if it determines that immediate action with respect to such decision is necessary to protect the interests of the holders of the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan. Neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will be obligated at any time to follow or take any alternative actions recommended by the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative, including, if the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan has been contributed to a securitization, the related directing certificateholder (or similar entity)).

 

In addition to the consultation rights of the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) described above, pursuant to the terms of the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement, the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) will have the right to attend (in-person or telephonically in the discretion of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable) annual meetings with the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, upon reasonable notice and at times reasonably acceptable to the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, for the purpose of discussing servicing issues related to the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan.

 

Sale of Defaulted Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan. Pursuant to the terms of the Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement, if the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan becomes a Defaulted Loan, and if the special servicer determines to sell the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan that has become a Specially Serviced Loan in accordance with the PSA, then the special servicer will be required to sell the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan together with the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan as one whole loan. In connection with any such sale, the special servicer will be required to follow the procedures set forth under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”.

 

[Notwithstanding the foregoing, the special servicer will not be permitted to sell a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan together with the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan if such loan becomes a defaulted whole loan without the written consent of the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (provided that such consent is not required if the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan is the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower) unless the special servicer has delivered to the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan: (a) at least 15 business days prior written notice of any decision to attempt to sell the related Whole Loan; (b) at least 10 days prior to the proposed sale date, a copy of each bid package (together with any material amendments to such bid packages) received by the special servicer in connection with any such proposed sale; (c) at least 10 days prior to the proposed sale date, a copy of the most recent appraisal for the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, and any documents in the servicing file reasonably requested by the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan that are material to the price of the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan; and (d) until the sale is completed, and a reasonable period of time (but no less time than is afforded to other offerors and the Directing Certificateholder) prior to the proposed sale date, all information and other documents being provided to other offerors and all leases or other documents that are approved by the master servicer or the special servicer in connection with the proposed sale; provided that the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan may waive any of the delivery or timing requirements described in this sentence.

 

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Subject to the terms of the PSA, the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) will be permitted to submit an offer at any sale of the related Whole Loan.]

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”.

 

Special Servicer Appointment Rights. Pursuant to the terms of the applicable Intercreditor Agreement and the PSA, the issuing entity, as the controlling noteholder, will have the right, with or without cause, to replace the special servicer then acting with respect to the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer without the consent of the holder of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan. The Directing Certificateholder (so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing), and the applicable certificateholders with the requisite percentage of Voting Rights (if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) will exercise the rights of the issuing entity as controlling noteholder, and will have the right, with or without cause, to replace the special servicer then acting with respect to the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer, as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause—Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event”.

 

The Serviced AB Whole Loan

 

[THE FOLLOWING DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT WILL BE UPDATED IN THE PROSPECTUS BASED ON THE NUMBER OF THE AB WHOLE LOANS AND THE FINAL TERMS OF THE RELATED INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT. THE SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN INCLUDED IN THE AB WHOLE LOAN MAY BE OR MAY NOT BE INCLUDED IN THE ISSUING ENTITY. THE FOLLOWING DESCRIPTION ASSUMES THAT THE TRUST SUBORDINATE COMPANION LOAN WILL BE HELD BY THE ISSUING ENTITY.]

 

General. [One (1)] Mortgage Loan, identified as “[NAME OF THE AB WHOLE LOAN]” (the “AB Mortgage Loan”, and together with the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan, the “Serviced Mortgage Loans”) on Annex A-1, representing approximately [___]% of the Initial Pool Balance, is evidenced by the senior of two notes, each of which is secured by a single Mortgage and a single assignment of leases and rents. The subordinate interest for the AB Mortgage Loan, which is evidenced by the subordinate of the two notes, [will be][will not be] part of the issuing entity and is referred to in this prospectus as the “Trust Subordinate Companion Loan”. The AB Mortgage Loan, together with the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, is referred to in this prospectus as the “AB Whole Loan”, and together with the [[NAME OF THE SERVICED PARI PASSU WHOLE LOAN] Whole Loan, the “Serviced Whole Loans”. The Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “Serviced Companion Loans”.

 

The AB Mortgage Loan is cross-defaulted with the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan. Both the AB Mortgage Loan and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will be held by the issuing entity, and the [Loan Specific Class] certificates will be backed solely by the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan. The rights of the holders of the AB Mortgage Loan and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan are subject to an Intercreditor Agreement (the “AB Intercreditor Agreement”) . The following summaries describe certain provisions of the AB Intercreditor Agreement. The [Loan Specific Class] Directing Certificateholder, acting on behalf of the holder of the [Loan Specific Class] certificates, will be entitled to exercise certain rights of the holder of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan described below pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

Servicing. The AB Whole Loan and any related REO Property will be serviced and administered by the master servicer and the special servicer, pursuant to the PSA, in the manner described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”, but subject to the terms of the AB Intercreditor Agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

Application of Payments. Pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement, prior to the occurrence and continuance of (i) an event of default with respect to payments due under the AB Mortgage Loan, (ii) an event of default which results in the AB Mortgage Loan becoming accelerated or becoming

 

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serviced by the special servicer pursuant to the terms of the PSA, or (iii) any bankruptcy or insolvency event that constitutes an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan documents (each of clauses (i) – (iii), an “AB Material Event of Default”) (or, if such a default has occurred, but the directing certificateholder for the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates (the “Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder”) has cured such a default or is exercising its cure rights), after payment of amounts for required reserves or escrows required by the related Mortgage Loan documents and amounts payable or reimbursable under the PSA to the master servicer, special servicer, certificate administrator, trustee, operating advisor and asset representations reviewer, payments and proceeds received with respect to an AB Whole Loan will generally be applied in the following order:

 

First, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, in an amount equal to accrued and unpaid interest due on the outstanding principal of the AB Mortgage Loan at its interest rate;

 

Second, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, in an amount equal to the Senior Note Percentage Interest of principal payments, if any, on an AB Whole Loan;

 

Third, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of an AB Whole Loan or related Mortgaged Property exceed amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses and, as result of a workout the principal balance of the AB Mortgage Loan has been reduced, such excess amount will be paid to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan in an amount up to the reduction, if any, of the principal balance of the AB Mortgage Loan as a result of such workout, plus interest on such amount at the default interest rate for the AB Mortgage Loan;

 

Fourth, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, in an amount equal to the product of the Senior Note Percentage Interest multiplied by the Senior Note Relative Spread and any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the related borrower;

 

Fifth, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, up to the amount of any unreimbursed costs and expenses paid by the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan including any Recovered Costs not previously reimbursed to the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan (or paid or advanced by any servicer on its behalf and not previously paid or reimbursed) with respect to an AB Whole Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement or the PSA;

 

Sixth, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest due on the outstanding principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan at its interest rate;

 

Seventh, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in an amount equal to the Junior Note Percentage Interest of principal payments received, if any, on an AB Whole Loan;

 

Eighth, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of an AB Whole Loan or related Mortgaged Property exceed the amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses and, as a result of any written modification, amendment, waiver, restructuring or workout of an AB Whole Loan, the principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan has been reduced, such excess amount to the holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan in an amount equal to the amount of such reduction on the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan as a result of such written modification, amendment, waiver, restructuring or workout and interest on such amount at the default interest rate for the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan;

 

Ninth, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in an amount equal to the aggregate amount of all payments made by the holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan in connection with the exercise of its cure rights under the related Intercreditor Agreement;

 

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Tenth, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in an amount equal to the product of the Junior Note Percentage Interest multiplied by the Junior Note Relative Spread and any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the related borrower;

 

Eleventh, to the extent assumption or transfer fees actually paid by the related borrower are not required to be otherwise applied under the PSA, including, without limitation, to provide reimbursement for interest on any Advances, to pay any additional servicing expenses or to compensate a servicer (in each case provided that such reimbursements or payments relate to an AB Whole Loan), any such assumption or transfer fees, to the extent actually paid by the related borrower, to the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan and to holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, pro rata, based on their respective percentage interests; and

 

Twelfth, if any excess amount is available to be distributed in respect of an AB Whole Loan, and not otherwise applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses, any remaining amount, pro rata, to the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan and to the holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan in accordance with their respective initial percentage interests.

 

Junior Note Percentage Interest” means a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and the denominator of which is the principal balance of an AB Whole Loan.

 

[“Junior Note Relative Spread” means the ratio of the Mortgage Rate for the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan to the Mortgage Rate for the AB Mortgage Loan and related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan as a whole.]

 

Recovered Costs” means, with respect to an AB Whole Loan, any amounts referred to in clauses (d) and/or (e) of the definition of “Defaulted Purchase Price” (set forth in “—Purchase Option” below) that, at the time of determination, had been previously paid or reimbursed to any servicer from sources other than collections on or in respect of an AB Whole Loan or Mortgaged Property (including, without limitation, from collections on or in respect of loans other than an AB Whole Loan).

 

Senior Note Percentage Interest” means a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the principal balance of the AB Mortgage Loan and the denominator of which is the principal balance of an AB Whole Loan.

 

[“Senior Note Relative Spread” means the ratio of the Mortgage Rate for the AB Mortgage Loan to the Mortgage Rate for the AB Mortgage Loan and related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan as a whole.]

 

Following the occurrence and during the continuance of an AB Material Event of Default, after payment of all amounts for required reserves or escrows required by the related Mortgage Loan documents and amounts then payable or reimbursable under the PSA to the master servicer, special servicer, certificate administrator, trustee, operating advisor and asset representations reviewer, payments and proceeds with respect to a AB Whole Loan will generally be applied in the following order, in each case to the extent of available funds:

 

First, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, in an amount equal to accrued and unpaid interest due on the outstanding principal of the AB Mortgage Loan at its interest rate;

 

Second, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, in an amount equal to the principal balance of the AB Mortgage Loan, until such principal balance has been reduced to zero;

 

Third, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of an AB Whole Loan or related Mortgaged Property exceed amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses and, as result of a workout the principal balance of the AB Mortgage Loan has been reduced, such excess amount will be paid to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan in an amount up

 

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to the reduction, if any, of the principal balance of the AB Mortgage Loan as a result of such workout, plus interest on such amount at the default interest rate for the AB Mortgage Loan;

 

Fourth, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, in an amount equal to the product of the Senior Note Percentage Interest multiplied by the Senior Note Relative Spread and any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the related borrower;

 

Fifth, to the issuing entity as holder of the AB Mortgage Loan, up to the amount of any unreimbursed costs and expenses paid by the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan including any Recovered Costs not previously reimbursed to the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan (or paid or advanced by any servicer on its behalf and not previously paid or reimbursed) with respect to an AB Whole Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement or the PSA;

 

Sixth, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest due on the outstanding principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan at its interest rate;

 

Seventh, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan in an amount equal to the principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, until such principal balance has been reduced to zero;

 

Eighth, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of an AB Whole Loan or related Mortgaged Property exceed the amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses and, as a result of any written modification, amendment, waiver, restructuring or workout of an AB Whole Loan, the principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan has been reduced, such excess amount to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan in an amount equal to the amount of such reduction on the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan as a result of such written modification, amendment, waiver, restructuring or workout and interest on such amount at the default interest rate for the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan;

 

Ninth, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in an amount equal to the aggregate amount of all payments made by it in connection with the exercise of its cure rights under the related Intercreditor Agreement;

 

Tenth, to the issuing entity as holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in an amount equal to the product of the Junior Note Percentage Interest multiplied by the Junior Note Relative Spread and any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the related borrower;

 

Eleventh, to the extent assumption or transfer fees actually paid by the related borrower are not required to be otherwise applied under the PSA, including, without limitation, to provide reimbursement for interest on any Advances, to pay any additional servicing expenses or to compensate a servicer (in each case provided that such reimbursements or payments relate to an AB Whole Loan), any such assumption or transfer fees, to the extent actually paid by the related borrower, to the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan and to holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, pro rata, based on their respective percentage interests; and

 

Twelfth, if any excess amount is available to be distributed in respect of an AB Whole Loan, and not otherwise applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses, any remaining amount, pro rata, to the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan and to the holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan in accordance with their respective initial percentage interests.

 

For more information regarding the allocation of collections and expenses in respect of an AB Whole Loan, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” and “—Withdrawals from the Collection Account”.

 

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Cure Rights. In the event that the related borrower fails to make any payment of principal or interest on an AB Whole Loan that results in a monetary event of default or the related borrower otherwise defaults with respect to an AB Whole Loan, the holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will have the right to cure such event of default subject to certain limitations set forth in the related Intercreditor Agreement. The holder of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will be limited to four (4) cure payments over the life of an AB Whole Loan, no more than three (3) of which may be consecutive. So long as the holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan is exercising a cure right, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will be permitted to treat such event of default as such for purposes of transferring the related Whole Loan to special servicing or exercising remedies.

 

Amendments and Consents. Prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB Control Appraisal Period, except as otherwise described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”, the consent of the holder of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan is required to be obtained by the special servicer for any AB Major Decision.

 

An “AB Control Appraisal Period” will exist with respect to the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, if and for [so long as (a)(1) the initial principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan minus (2) the sum of (x) any payments of principal allocated to, and received on, the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, (y) any Appraisal Reduction Amounts for an AB Whole Loan that are allocated to the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and (z) any losses realized with respect to the related Mortgaged Property or AB Whole Loan that are allocated to the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, is less than (b) 25% of the remainder of the (i) initial principal balance of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan less (ii) any payments of principal allocated to, and received, by the holders of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan. Pursuant to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement, the holders of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will have the right to avoid an AB Control Appraisal Period by posting cash collateral or a letter of credit in an amount which, when added to the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property, would cause the applicable AB Control Appraisal Period not to occur. The holder of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, as the holder of a beneficial interest in the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan also has the right to purchase the AB Mortgage Loan in certain instances as set forth below.

 

[“AB Major Decisions” means at any time no AB Control Appraisal Period is in effect (and will have the meaning given to a “Major Decision” when an AB Control Appraisal Period is in effect):

 

any workout or other change to an AB Whole Loan that would result in any modification of, or waiver with respect to, an AB Whole Loan that would result in the extension of the maturity date or extended maturity date of the AB Loan, a reduction in the interest rate borne thereby or the monthly debt service payment or a deferral or a forgiveness of interest on or principal of an AB Whole Loan or a modification or waiver of any other monetary term of an AB Whole Loan (including reserve requirements) or a modification or waiver of any material non-monetary provision of an AB Whole Loan, including but not limited to provisions which restrict the related borrower or its equity owners from incurring additional indebtedness or transferring interests in the Mortgaged Property or the related borrower;

 

any modification of, or waiver with respect to, an AB Whole Loan that would result in a discounted pay-off of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan;

 

any foreclosure upon or comparable conversion (which may include acquisition of an REO Property) of the ownership of the Mortgaged Property or any acquisition of the Mortgaged Property by deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or any other exercise of remedies following an AB Material Event of Default;

 

any material direct or indirect sale of all or any material portion of the Mortgaged Property or REO Property other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and for which there is no material lender discretion;

 

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any substitution, release or addition of collateral for an AB Whole Loan other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and for which there is no material lender discretion;

 

any release of the related borrower or guarantor from liability with respect to an AB Whole Loan including, without limitation, by acceptance of an assumption of an AB Whole Loan by a successor borrower or replacement guarantor other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and for which there is no material lender discretion;

 

any determination (1) not to enforce a “due-on-sale” or “due–on–encumbrance” clause (unless such clause is not exercisable under applicable law or such exercise is reasonably likely to result in successful legal action by the related borrower) or (2) accelerate an AB Whole Loan (other than automatic accelerations pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents);

 

any transfer of the Mortgaged Property or any portion of the Mortgaged Property, or any transfer of any direct or indirect ownership interest in the related borrower, other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and for which there is no material lender discretion;

 

any incurring of additional debt by the related borrower, including the terms of any document evidencing or securing any such additional debt and of any intercreditor or subordination agreement executed in connection therewith and any waiver of or amendment or modification to the terms of any such document or agreement or incurring of mezzanine financing by any beneficial owner of the related borrower, including the terms of any document evidencing or securing any such mezzanine debt and of any intercreditor or subordination agreement executed in connection therewith and any waiver of or amendment or modification to the terms of any such document or agreement (other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and for which there is no material lender discretion);

 

the waiver or modification of any documentation relating to the guarantor’s obligations under the guaranty;

 

the releases of any escrows or reserve accounts other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and for which there is no material lender discretion; and

 

any approval of a “major lease” (as defined in the Mortgage Loan documents).]

 

Purchase Option. If an event of default with respect to an AB Whole Loan has occurred and is continuing, the holders of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will have the option to purchase the AB Mortgage Loan from the issuing entity at a price equal to the Defaulted Purchase Price.

 

The “Defaulted Purchase Price”, with respect to the AB Mortgage Loan, is generally equal to the sum, without duplication, of (a) the principal balance of the AB Mortgage Loan, (b) accrued and unpaid interest on the AB Mortgage Loan from the date as to which interest was last paid in full by the related borrower up to and including the end of the interest accrual period relating to the Due Date next following the date the purchase occurred, (c) any other amounts due under an AB Whole Loan, other than prepayment premiums, default interest, late fees, exit fees and any other similar fees, provided that if the related borrower or a borrower related party is the purchaser (as the holder of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates or otherwise), the Defaulted Purchase Price will include prepayment premiums, default interest, late fees, exit fees and any other similar fees, (d) without duplication of amounts under clause (c), any unreimbursed Servicing Advances and any expenses incurred in enforcing the related loan documents (including, without limitation, Servicing Advances payable or reimbursable to any servicer, and earned and unreimbursed special servicing fees), (e) without duplication of amounts under clause (c), any accrued and unpaid interest on Advances, (f) any Liquidation Fees or Workout Fees payable under the PSA with respect to an AB Whole Loan (i) if the related borrower or a borrower related

 

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party is the purchaser (as the holder of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates or otherwise) or (ii) otherwise, if the purchase occurs after ninety (90) days after the first such option becomes exercisable pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement, and (g) any Recovered Costs not reimbursed previously to the holder of the AB Mortgage Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Special Servicer Appointment Rights. Pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement, the holders of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will have the right, with or without cause, to replace the special servicer then acting with respect to an AB Whole Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer with respect to an AB Whole Loan. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause”.

 

The Non-Serviced Whole Loan

 

[THE FOLLOWING DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT WILL BE UPDATED IN THE PROSPECTUS BASED ON THE NUMBER OF THE NON-SERVICED WHOLE LOAN AND THE FINAL TERMS OF THE RELATED INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENTS.]

 

General. [One (1)] Mortgage Loan, identified as “[NAME OF NON-SERVICED WHOLE LOAN]” (the “Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”) on Annex A-1, The [__________] Mortgage Loan, representing approximately [_____]% of the Initial Pool Balance, is part of a split loan structure comprised of two mortgage notes, each of which is secured by the same mortgage instruments on the same portfolio of Mortgaged Properties.

 

The Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is evidenced by one (1) promissory note with a Cut-off Date Balance of $[_______]. The related Companion Loan (the “Non-Serviced Companion Loan” and together with the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the “Non-Serviced Whole Loan” ) is evidenced by one (1) promissory note with a principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $[_________]. The Non-Serviced Companion Loan will not be included in the issuing entity. Only the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be included in the issuing entity. The Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Companion Loan are pari passu with each other in terms of priority and are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the Non-Serviced Whole Loan.

 

The rights of the issuing entity, as the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the rights of the securitization trust holding the Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as the holder of the Non-Serviced Companion Loan are subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement (the “Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement”). [The consultation rights of the issuing entity (as the non-controlling note holder) under the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement will be exercised by the Directing Certificateholder so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, and if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, by the special servicer pursuant to the terms of the PSA, as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.]

 

Servicing of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan. The Non-Serviced Whole Loan is being serviced and administered pursuant to the terms of the pooling and servicing agreement, dated as of [______], 20[____] (the “Non-Serviced PSA”) among [NAME OF DEPOSITOR] (the “Non-Serviced Depositor”), [NAME OF MASTER SERVICER] (the “Non-Serviced Master Servicer”), [NAME OF SPECIAL SERVICER) (the “Non-Serviced Special Servicer”), [NAME OF TRUSTEE] (the “Non-Serviced Trustee”), [NAME OF CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR) (the “Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator”), [NAME OF OPERATING ADVISOR] (the “Non-Serviced Operating Advisor”) and [NAME OF ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER) (the “Non-Serviced Asset Representations Reviewer”). The Non-Serviced PSA was entered into in connection with the securitization of the Non-Serviced Companion Loan. The holders of the certificates issued under the Non-Serviced PSA are referred to in this prospectus as “Non-Serviced Certificateholders.” For a summary of certain provisions of the Non-Serviced PSA, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Application of Payments. The Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement sets forth the respective rights of the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the holder of the Non-Serviced Companion

 

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Loan with respect to distributions of funds received in respect of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, and provides, in general, that:

 

the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Companion Loan are of equal priority with each other and no portion of either of them will have priority or preference over any portion of the other or security therefor;

 

all payments, proceeds and other recoveries on or in respect of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan or the related Mortgaged Property will be applied to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Companion Loan on a pro rata and pari passu basis according to their respective outstanding principal balances (subject, in each case, to the payment of amounts for required reserves or escrows required by the related Mortgage Loan documents and payment and reimbursement rights of the Non-Serviced Master Servicer, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, the Non-Serviced Trustee, the Non-Serviced Operating Advisor, the Non-Serviced Asset Representations Reviewer, the Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator, the Non-Serviced Depositor) in accordance with the terms of the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement and the Non-Serviced PSA; and

 

costs, fees, expenses, losses and shortfalls relating to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be allocated, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Companion Loan in accordance with the terms of the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement and the Non-Serviced PSA.

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” and “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan” for more information regarding the allocation of collections and expenses in respect of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan.

 

Consultation and Control. The controlling noteholder under the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement will be the securitization trust formed pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA (the “Non-Serviced Securitization Trust”), as holder of the Non-Serviced Companion Loan. [___________] is the directing certificateholder under the Non-Serviced PSA (the “Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder”). The Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder (so long as a control termination event under the Non-Serviced PSA has not occurred and is not continuing), and the applicable certificateholders under the Non-Serviced PSA with the requisite percentage of voting rights (so long as a control termination event under the Non-Serviced PSA has occurred and is continuing) will exercise the rights of the Non-Serviced Securitization Trust as controlling noteholder, and will have the right, with or without cause, to replace the special servicer then acting with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer, in accordance with, and subject to the limitations set forth in, the Non-Serviced PSA.

 

For more information regarding the rights of the directing certificateholder under the Non-Serviced PSA, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement, the issuing entity, as the non-controlling note holder, will have the right (regardless of whether a control termination event or a consultation termination event exists under the Non-Serviced PSA) to (i) receive copies of all notices, information and reports that the Non-Serviced Special Servicer is required to provide to the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder within the same time frame it is required to provide such notices, information and reports to the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder (provided that to the extent that the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is included in a securitization transaction, such copies of notices, information and reports required to be delivered by the Non-Serviced Special Servicer to the issuing entity shall be delivered to the directing certificateholder related to such securitization transaction to the extent that the Non-Serviced Special Servicer receives written notice of the identity of the directing certificateholder for such securitization transaction) and (ii) consult on a strictly non-binding basis with respect to (x) certain major servicing decisions regarding the Non-Serviced Whole Loan or any related REO Property as set forth in the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement and (y) the implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an asset status report in respect of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan or any related REO Property. The consultation right of the issuing entity will expire 10 business days after

 

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the delivery by the Non-Serviced Special Servicer of notice and information relating to the matter subject to consultation, whether or not the issuing entity has responded within such period; provided that if a new course of action is proposed that is materially different from the actions previously proposed, the 10 business-day consultation period will begin anew. Notwithstanding the issuing entity’s consultation rights described above, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer is permitted to make any major decision or take any action set forth in an asset status report in respect of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan before the expiration of the aforementioned 10 business-day period if it determines that immediate action with respect to such decision is necessary to protect the interests of the holders of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Companion Loan.

 

Neither the Non-Serviced Master Servicer nor the Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be permitted to follow any advice or consultation provided by the holder of the Non-Serviced Companion Loan (or its representative) that would require or cause the Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, to violate any applicable law, including the REMIC Regulations or other applicable provisions of the Code, be inconsistent with the servicing standard under the Non-Serviced PSA require or cause the Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, to violate provisions of the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement or the Non-Serviced PSA, require or cause the Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, to violate the terms of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, or materially expand the scope of any of the Non-Serviced Master Servicer’s or the Non-Serviced Special Servicer’s, as applicable, responsibilities under the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement.

 

In addition to the consultation rights of the issuing entity described above, the issuing entity will have the right to annual conference calls with the Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, upon reasonable notice and at times reasonably acceptable to the Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, in which servicing issues related to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan may be discussed.

 

Sale of Defaulted Loan. Pursuant to the terms of the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement, if the Non-Serviced Whole Loan becomes a “defaulted Mortgage Loan” pursuant to the terms of the Non-Serviced PSA, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be required to sell the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan together with the related Companion Loan as a single whole loan. The issuing entity will have consultation rights in connection with such sale, as described above.

 

Special Servicer Appointment Rights. Pursuant to the terms of the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement and the Non-Serviced PSA, the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder and the applicable certificateholders under the Non-Serviced PSA with the requisite percentage of voting rights (so long as a control termination event under the Non-Serviced PSA has not occurred and is not continuing) will have the right, with or without cause, to replace the special servicer then acting with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer, in accordance with, and subject to the limitations set forth in, the Non-Serviced PSA. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

Additional Information

 

Each of the tables presented in Annex A-2 sets forth selected characteristics of the pool of Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date, if applicable. For a detailed presentation of certain additional characteristics of the Mortgage Loans and the Mortgaged Properties on an individual basis, [including the asset-level information required by Item 1125 of Regulation AB,] see Annex A-1. For a brief summary of the [10] largest Mortgage Loans in the pool of Mortgage Loans, see Annex A-3.

 

The description in this prospectus, including Annex A-1, A-2 and A-3, of the Mortgage Pool and the Mortgaged Properties is based upon the Mortgage Pool as expected to be constituted at the close of business on the Cut-off Date, as adjusted for the scheduled principal payments due on the Mortgage Loans on or before the Cut-off Date. Prior to the issuance of the Offered Certificates, a Mortgage Loan may be removed from the Mortgage Pool if the depositor deems such removal necessary or appropriate

 

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or if it is prepaid. This may cause the range of Mortgage Rates and maturities as well as the other characteristics of the Mortgage Loans to vary from those described in this prospectus.

 

A Form ABS-EE with the information required by Item 1125 of Regulation AB (17 CFR 229.1125), Schedule AL–Asset-Level Information will be filed or caused to be filed by the depositor with respect to the issuing entity on or prior to the date of the filing of this prospectus and will provide such information for a reporting period commencing on the day after the hypothetical Determination Date in [__] and ending on the hypothetical Determination Date in [__]. In addition, a Current Report on Form 8-K containing detailed information regarding the Mortgage Loans will be available to persons (including beneficial owners of the Offered Certificates) who receive this prospectus and will be filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), together with the PSA, with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on or prior to the date of the filing of this prospectus.

 

Transaction Parties

 

The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators

 

Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC

 

Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC, a New York limited liability company formed in March 2007 (“MSMCH”), is a sponsor of this transaction, one of the mortgage loan sellers [and an originator]. MSMCH is a successor to Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc., a New York corporation formed in 1984, which was merged into MSMCH on June 15, 2007. Since the merger, MSMCH has continued the business of Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Inc. MSMCH is a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) and its executive offices are located at 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036, telephone number (212) 761-4000. MSMCH also has offices in Los Angeles, California, Dallas, Texas and Sterling, Virginia.

 

Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., a national banking association (“Morgan Stanley Bank” and, together with MSMCH, the “Morgan Stanley Group”), is the originator of [all] of the mortgage loans that MSMCH is contributing to this securitization (the “MSMCH Mortgage Loans”), representing approximately [_]% of the Initial Pool Balance, which MSMCH will acquire on or prior to the Closing Date and contribute to this securitization. Morgan Stanley Bank is also the holder of the [_] Companion Loans. Morgan Stanley Bank is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) and its headquarters are located at One Utah Center, 201 Main Street, Salt Lake City, Utah 84111, telephone number (801) 236-3600. Morgan Stanley Bank also has offices in New York, New York.

 

MSMCH and Morgan Stanley Bank are each an affiliate of each other and of Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc., the depositor, and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, an underwriter.

 

Morgan Stanley Group’s Commercial Mortgage Securitization Program

 

The Morgan Stanley Group originates and purchases multifamily, commercial and manufactured housing community mortgage loans primarily for securitization or resale.

 

MSMCH. MSMCH has been involved with warehouse and repurchase financing to residential mortgage lenders, has in the past purchased residential mortgage loans for securitization or resale, or for its own investment, and has previously acted as a sponsor of residential mortgage loan securitizations. MSMCH (or its predecessor) has been active as a sponsor of securitizations of commercial mortgage loans since its formation.

 

As a sponsor, MSMCH originates or acquires mortgage loans and, either by itself or together with other sponsors or mortgage loan sellers, initiates the securitization of the mortgage loans by transferring the mortgage loans to a securitization depositor, including Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc., or another entity that acts in a similar capacity. In coordination with its affiliate, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, and other underwriters, MSMCH works with rating agencies, investors, mortgage loan sellers and servicers in structuring securitization transactions. MSMCH has acted as sponsor and mortgage loan seller both in

 

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transactions in which it is the sole sponsor or mortgage loan seller and in transactions in which other entities act as sponsor or mortgage loan seller. MSMCH’s previous securitization programs, identified as “IQ,” “HQ” and “TOP,” typically involved multiple mortgage loan sellers.

 

Substantially all mortgage loans originated or acquired by MSMCH are either sold to securitizations as to which MSMCH acts as either sponsor or mortgage loan seller (or both) or otherwise sold or syndicated. Mortgage loans originated (or acquired) and securitized by MSMCH include both fixed rate and floating rate mortgage loans and both large mortgage loans and conduit mortgage loans (including those shown in the table below), and such mortgage loans may be included in both public and private securitizations. MSMCH also acquires or originates subordinate and mezzanine debt which is generally not securitized.

 

MSMCH’s large mortgage loan program typically originates or purchases mortgage loans larger than $50 million, although MSMCH’s conduit mortgage loan program also sometimes originates or purchases such large mortgage loans. MSMCH originates or purchases commercial mortgage loans secured by multifamily, office, retail, industrial, hotel, manufactured housing community and self storage properties. The largest property concentrations of MSMCH securitized loans have been in retail and office properties, and the largest geographic concentrations have been in California and New York.

 

The following table sets forth information with respect to acquisitions or originations and securitizations of multifamily, commercial and manufactured housing community mortgage loans by the Morgan Stanley Group for the five years ending on December 31, 2020.

 

Period Total Mortgage Loans(1)(2) Total Mortgage Loans Securitized with Affiliated
     Depositor(2)
Total Mortgage Loans Securitized with Non-Affiliated
    Depositor(2)
Total Mortgage Loans Securitized(2)
Year ending December 31, 2020 6.4 2.2 2.6 4.9
Year ending December 31, 2019 18.4 6.3 3.4 9.8
Year ending December 31, 2018 11.6 3.5 2.4 5.8
Year ending December 31, 2017 15.6 5.6 3.0 8.6
Year ending December 31, 2016 9.2 2.4 1.6 4.0

 

(1)Includes all mortgage loans originated or purchased by MSMCH (or its predecessor) in the relevant year. Mortgage loans originated or purchased in a given year that were not securitized in that year generally were held for securitization in the following year or sold to third parties.

 

(2)Approximate amounts shown in billions of dollars.

 

Morgan Stanley Bank. Morgan Stanley Bank has been originating financial assets, including multifamily, commercial and manufactured housing community mortgage loans, both for purposes of holding those assets for investment and for resale, including through securitization, since at least 2011. For the period from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2021, Morgan Stanley Bank originated or acquired multifamily, commercial and manufactured housing community mortgage loans in the aggregate original principal amount of approximately $85,724,095,473.

 

Morgan Stanley Bank originates commercial mortgage loans secured by multifamily, office, retail, industrial, hotel, manufactured housing community and self storage properties, which it either holds for investment or sells or otherwise syndicates. The largest property concentrations of commercial mortgage loans originated by Morgan Stanley Bank are in retail and office properties, and the largest geographic concentrations are in California and New York. Commercial mortgage loans originated by Morgan Stanley Bank include both fixed rate and floating rate mortgage loans and both large mortgage loans and conduit mortgage loans, and such mortgage loans are expected to be included in both public and private securitizations. Morgan Stanley Bank also originates subordinate and mezzanine debt, which generally is not expected to be securitized. Morgan Stanley Bank’s large mortgage loan program originates mortgage loans larger than $50 million, although Morgan Stanley Bank’s conduit mortgage loan program also sometimes originates such large mortgage loans.

 

The Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards

 

Overview. Commercial mortgage loans originated or co-originated by the Morgan Stanley Group are primarily originated in accordance with the procedures and underwriting standards described below.

 

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However, given the unique nature of income-producing real properties, variations from these procedures and standards may be implemented as a result of various conditions, including a mortgage loan’s specific terms, the quality or location of the underlying real estate, the mortgaged property’s tenancy profile, the background or financial strength of the borrower or loan sponsor and any other pertinent information deemed material by the member of the Morgan Stanley Group that is the originator of the related mortgage loan (the related “Morgan Stanley Origination Entity”). Therefore, this general description of the Morgan Stanley Group’s origination procedures and underwriting standards is not intended as a representation that every commercial mortgage loan originated by the Morgan Stanley Group (or on its behalf) complies entirely with all standards set forth below. For important information about any circumstances that have affected the underwriting of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans, see “—Exceptions to Underwriting Standards” below.

 

Process. The credit underwriting process for each commercial mortgage loan is performed by a deal team comprised of real estate professionals that typically includes a commercial loan originator, underwriter and closer subject to the oversight and ultimate review and approval of the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity. This team conducts a review of the related mortgaged property, which typically includes an examination of the following information, to the extent both applicable and available: historical operating statements, rent rolls, certain tenant leases, current and historical real estate tax information, insurance policies and/or schedules and third party reports pertaining to appraisal, valuation, zoning, environmental status, physical condition and seismic and other engineering characteristics (see “—Escrow Requirements,” “—Zoning and Land Use,” “—Title Insurance Policy,” “—Property Insurance” and “—Third Party Reports” below). In some cases, certain of these documents may not be reviewed due to the nature of the related mortgaged property. For instance, historical operating statements may not be available with respect to a mortgaged property with a limited operating history or that has been recently acquired by its current owner. In addition, rent rolls would not be examined for certain property types (e.g., hospitality properties), and executed tenant leases would not be examined for certain property types (e.g., hospitality, self storage, multifamily and manufactured housing community properties), although forms of leases would typically be reviewed.

 

A member of the deal team or one of its agents performs an inspection of the mortgaged property as well as a review of the surrounding market environment (including demand generators, competing properties (if any) and proximity to major thoroughfares and transportation centers) in order to confirm tenancy information, assess the physical quality and attributes (e.g., age, renovations, condition, parking, amenities, class, etc.) of the collateral, determine visibility and access characteristics and evaluate the mortgaged property’s competitiveness within its market.

 

The deal team or one of its agents also performs a detailed review of the financial status, credit history, credit references and background of the borrower and certain key principals using financial statements, income tax returns, criminal and background investigations and searches in select jurisdictions for judgments, liens, bankruptcy and pending litigation. Circumstances may also warrant an examination of the financial strength and credit of key tenants as well as other factors that may impact the tenants’ ongoing occupancy or ability to pay rent.

 

After the compilation and review of all documentation and other relevant considerations, the deal team finalizes its detailed underwriting analysis of the mortgaged property’s cash flow in accordance with property-specific, cash flow underwriting guidelines.

 

Determinations are also made regarding the implementation of appropriate loan terms to address certain risks, resulting in features such as ongoing escrows or up-front reserves, letters of credit, lockboxes, cash management agreements and guarantees. A complete credit committee package is prepared to summarize all of the above referenced information and circulated to credit committee for review.

 

Credit Approval. All commercial mortgage loans must be presented to one or more credit committees that include senior real estate professionals, among others. After a review of the credit committee package and a discussion of a mortgage loan, the committee may approve the mortgage loan as recommended, request additional due diligence, modify the terms or reject the mortgage loan entirely.

 

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Debt Service Coverage and Loan to Value Requirements. The Morgan Stanley Group’s underwriting standards generally require a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.20x and permit a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 80%; however, these thresholds are guidelines, and exceptions may be made based on the merits of each individual mortgage loan, such as the types of tenants, reserves, letters of credit, guarantees and the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity’s assessment of the mortgaged property’s future performance. The debt service coverage ratio guidelines set forth above are calculated based on underwritten net cash flow at origination. The debt service coverage ratio for each mortgage loan as reported in this prospectus and Annex A-1 hereto may differ from the amount calculated at the time of origination because updates to the information used to calculate such amounts may have become available during the period between origination and the date of this prospectus.

 

Certain mortgaged properties may also be encumbered by subordinate debt (or the direct or indirect ownership interests in the related borrower may be encumbered by mezzanine debt). It is possible that the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or an affiliate thereof will be a lender on such additional debt and may either sell such debt to an unaffiliated third party or hold it in inventory. When such subordinate or mezzanine debt is taken into account, the aggregate debt with respect to the related mortgaged property may not conform to the aforementioned debt service coverage ratio and loan-to-value ratio parameters.

 

Amortization Requirements. The Morgan Stanley Group’s underwriting guidelines generally permit a maximum amortization period of 30 years. Certain mortgage loans may provide for interest-only payments through maturity or for a portion of the commercial mortgage loan term. If a mortgage loan has a partial interest-only period, the monthly debt service and the UW NCF DSCR set forth in this prospectus and Annex A-1 reflect a calculation of both the interest-only payments and the future (larger) amortizing loan payment. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool” in this prospectus.

 

Escrow Requirements. A Morgan Stanley Origination Entity may require borrowers to fund escrows for taxes, insurance, capital expenditures and replacement reserves. In addition, a Morgan Stanley Origination Entity may identify certain risks that warrant additional escrows or holdbacks for items to be released to the borrower upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. Such escrows or holdbacks may cover, among other things, tenant improvements and leasing commissions, deferred maintenance, environmental remediation and unfunded obligations. Springing escrows may also be structured for identified risks such as specific rollover exposure, to be triggered upon the non-renewal of one or more key tenants. In some cases, in lieu of maintaining a cash reserve, the borrower may be allowed to post a letter of credit or guaranty or provide periodic evidence of timely payment of a typical escrow item. Escrows are evaluated on a case-by-case basis and are not required for all commercial mortgage loans.

 

Generally, the Morgan Stanley Group requires escrows as follows:

 

Taxes. An initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12 of the annual property taxes (based on the most recent property assessment and the current millage rate; however, if the actual tax amount owing in the upcoming year is not available, the required annual reserve amount will generally be between 100% and 105% of the preceding year’s tax amount) are typically required to satisfy taxes and assessments, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, situations where (i) the loan sponsor is an institutional sponsor or a high net worth individual or (ii) the related mortgaged property is a single tenant property with respect to which the related tenant is required to pay taxes directly.

 

Insurance. An initial deposit at origination (which may be equal to one or more months of the required monthly amount) and subsequent monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12 of an amount generally between 100% and 105% of the annual property insurance premium are typically required to pay insurance premiums, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, situations where (i) the loan sponsor is an institutional sponsor or a high net worth individual, (ii) the related borrower maintains a blanket insurance policy or (iii) the related mortgaged property is a single tenant property with respect to which the related tenant self-insures.

 

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Replacement Reserves. Replacement reserves are generally calculated in accordance with the expected useful life of the components of the mortgaged property during the term of the mortgage loan. Annual replacement reserves are generally underwritten to the suggested replacement reserve amount from an independent, third-party property condition or engineering report, or to certain minimum requirements depending on the property type, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, situations where the related mortgaged property is a single tenant property with respect to which the related tenant is responsible for all repairs and maintenance, including those required with respect to the roof and structure of the improvements.

 

Tenant Improvements and Leasing Commissions. A reserve for tenant improvements and leasing commissions may be required to be funded at loan origination and/or during the term of the mortgage loan to cover anticipated tenant improvements or leasing commissions costs that might be associated with re-leasing certain space, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, situations where (i) the related mortgaged property is a single tenant property and the tenant’s lease extends beyond the loan term or (ii) the rent at the related mortgaged property is considered below market.

 

Deferred Maintenance. A reserve for deferred maintenance may be required to be funded at loan origination in an amount generally between 100% and 125% of the estimated cost of material immediate repairs or replacements identified in the physical condition report, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, situations where (i) the sponsor of the borrower delivers a guarantee to complete the immediate repairs in a specified amount of time, (ii) the deferred maintenance amount does not materially impact the related mortgaged property’s function, performance or value or is de minimis in relation to the loan amount or (iii) the related mortgaged property is a single tenant property and the tenant is responsible for the repairs.

 

Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment. A reserve for furniture, fixtures and equipment expenses may be required to be funded during the term of the mortgage loan based on the suggested reserve amount from an independent, third-party property condition or engineering report, or based on certain minimum requirements depending on the property type.

 

Environmental Remediation. A reserve for environmental remediation may be required to be funded at loan origination in an amount generally between 100% and 150% of the estimated remediation cost identified in the environmental report, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, situations where (i) the sponsor of the borrower delivers a guarantee whereby it agrees to take responsibility and pay for identified environmental issues or (ii) environmental insurance has been obtained or is already in place.

 

For a description of the escrows collected with respect to the MSMCH Mortgage Loans, please see Annex A-1 to this prospectus.

 

Zoning and Land Use. With respect to each mortgage loan, the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity and its origination counsel will generally examine whether the use and occupancy of the related mortgaged property is in material compliance with zoning, land-use, building rules, regulations and orders then applicable to that mortgaged property. Evidence of this compliance may be in the form of one or more of the following: legal opinions, surveys, recorded documents, temporary or permanent certificates of occupancy, letters from government officials or agencies, title insurance endorsements, engineering or consulting reports, zoning reports and representations by the related borrower. In some cases, a mortgaged property may constitute a legal non-conforming use or structure. In such cases, the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity may require an endorsement to the title insurance policy or the acquisition of law and ordinance insurance with respect to the particular non-conformity unless it determines that: (i) the non-conformity should not have a material adverse effect on the ability of the borrower to rebuild, (ii) if the improvements are rebuilt in accordance with currently applicable law, the value and performance of the mortgaged property would be acceptable, (iii) any major casualty that would

 

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prevent rebuilding has a sufficiently remote likelihood of occurring or (iv) a cash reserve, a letter of credit or an agreement imposing recourse liability from a principal of the borrower is provided to cover losses.

 

Title Insurance Policy. Each borrower is required to provide, and the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or its origination counsel typically will review, a title insurance policy for the related mortgaged property. Such title insurance policies typically must (i) be written by a title insurer licensed to do business in the jurisdiction where the mortgaged property is located, (ii) be in an amount at least equal to the original principal balance of the mortgage loan, (iii) have protection and benefits run to the mortgagee and its successors and assigns, (iv) be written on an American Land Title Association form or equivalent policy promulgated in the jurisdiction where the mortgaged property is located and (v) if a survey was prepared, have a legal description of the mortgaged property in the title policy that conforms to that shown on the survey.

 

Property Insurance. The Morgan Stanley Group requires each borrower to provide evidence of a hazard insurance policy with a customary deductible and coverage in an amount at least equal to the greater of (i) the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan or (ii) the amount necessary to prevent the borrower from becoming a co-insurer. Such policies do not permit reduction in insurance proceeds for depreciation, except that a policy may permit a deduction for depreciation in connection with a cash settlement after a casualty if the insurance proceeds are not being applied to rebuild or repair the damaged improvements.

 

Third Party Reports. In addition to or as part of applicable origination guidelines or reviews described above, in the course of originating the applicable mortgage loans, the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity generally considers the results of third party reports as described below. New reports are generally ordered, although existing reports dated no more than twelve (12) months prior to closing may be used (subject, in certain cases, to updates). In many instances, however, one or more provisions of the guidelines were waived or modified in light of the circumstances of the relevant mortgage loan or mortgaged property.

 

Appraisal. The related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity generally obtains an appraisal for each mortgaged property prepared by an appraisal firm approved by it to assess the value of the property. Each report is reviewed by the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or its designated agent. The report may utilize one or more approaches to value: (i) cost approach; (ii) sale comparison approach and/or (iii) income approach (including both the direct cap and discount cash flow methods). Each appraisal also includes a statement by the appraiser that the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) and the guidelines of Title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 (FIRREA), as amended, were followed in preparing the appraisal. There can be no assurance that another person would not have arrived at a different valuation, even if such person used the same general approach to, and same method of, valuing the property. Moreover, such appraisals sought to establish the amount a typically motivated buyer would pay a typically motivated seller. Such amount could be significantly higher than the amount obtained from the sale of a mortgaged property under a distress or liquidation sale. Information regarding the values of the mortgaged properties as of the date of the related appraisal is presented in this prospectus for illustrative purposes only.

 

Environmental Report. The related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity generally obtains a Phase I site assessment or an update of a previously obtained site assessment for each mortgaged property generally within the twelve-month period preceding the origination of the related mortgage loan and in each case prepared by an environmental firm approved by such Morgan Stanley Origination Entity. Such Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or its designated agent typically reviews the Phase I site assessment to verify the presence or absence of potential adverse environmental conditions. An environmental assessment conducted at any particular real property collateral will not necessarily cover all potential environmental issues. For example, an analysis for radon, lead-based paint, mold and lead in drinking water will usually be conducted only at multifamily rental properties and only when the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or the environmental consultant believes that such an analysis is warranted under the

 

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circumstances. Upon the recommendation of the environmental consultant conducting the Phase I assessment with respect to a mortgaged property, a Phase II assessment will be ordered and/or an operations and maintenance plan with respect to asbestos, mold or lead based paint will be implemented. In certain cases, environmental insurance may be acquired in lieu of further testing. In certain cases, the Phase I or Phase II assessment may have disclosed the existence of or potential for adverse environmental conditions, generally the result of the activities of identified tenants, adjacent property owners or previous owners of the mortgaged property. In certain of such cases, the related borrowers were required to establish operations and maintenance plans, monitor the mortgaged property, abate or remediate the condition and/or provide additional security such as letters of credit, reserves or stand-alone secured creditor impaired property policies.

 

Physical Condition Report. The related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity generally obtains a current physical condition report for each mortgaged property prepared by an engineering firm approved by it to assess the overall physical condition and engineering integrity of the improvements at the mortgaged property, including an inspection of representative property components, systems and elements, an evaluation of their general apparent physical condition and an identification of physical deficiencies associated with structural, fixture, equipment or mechanical building components. Such Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or an agent thereof typically reviews the report to determine the physical condition of the mortgaged property and to determine the anticipated costs of necessary repair, replacement and major maintenance or capital expenditure over the term of the mortgage loan. In cases in which the report identifies an immediate need for material repairs or replacements with an anticipated cost that is over a certain minimum threshold or percentage of loan balance, the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity often requires an escrow at the time of origination in an amount sufficient to complete such repairs or replacements or obtains a guarantee from a sponsor of the borrower in lieu of reserves. Such Morgan Stanley Origination Entity also often requires the collection of ongoing escrows for the continued maintenance of the property based on the conclusions of the report. See “—Escrow Requirements” above.

 

Seismic Report. The related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity generally obtains a seismic report for all mortgaged properties located in seismic zones 3 or 4 to assess the estimated damage that may result from a seismic event that has a 10% chance of exceedance in a 50-year exposure period or a 475-year return period. Such reports utilize the ASTM Standard E2026-07 and E2557-07 definitions for Scenario Expected Loss. Generally, any of the mortgage loans as to which the property was estimated to have a scenario expected limit in excess of 20% would be conditioned on satisfactory earthquake insurance.

 

Servicing. The Morgan Stanley Origination Entities currently contract with third party servicers for servicing the mortgage loans that they originate or acquire. Such interim servicers are assessed based upon the credit quality of the servicing institution and may be reviewed for their systems and reporting capabilities, collection procedures and ability to provide loan-level data. In addition, a Morgan Stanley Origination Entity may meet with senior management to determine whether the servicer complies with industry standards or otherwise monitor the servicer on an ongoing basis. No Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or any of its affiliates currently acts as servicer of the mortgage loans in its commercial or residential mortgage loan securitizations.

 

Exceptions to Underwriting Standards. One or more of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans may vary from the specific Morgan Stanley Group underwriting guidelines described above when additional credit positive characteristics are present as discussed above. In addition, in the case of one or more of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans, the related Morgan Stanley Origination Entity or another originator may not have applied each of the specific underwriting guidelines described above as the result of case-by-case permitted flexibility based upon other compensating factors.

 

[Except as discussed in the [next] paragraph, none][None] of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans was originated with any material exceptions from the Morgan Stanley Group underwriting guidelines and procedures. [Note: If any exceptions exist, description to be added as to how the applicable loans, if any,

 

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deviate from the disclosed underwriting criteria, including the number and percentage of loans with such exceptions. Also, disclosure to be added as to which entity or entities determined that those loans should be included in the pool, despite not having met the disclosed underwriting criteria, and what factors were used to make the determination, such as compensating factors or a determination that the exception was not material. If compensating or other factors were used, data to be provided on the amount of loans in the pool that are represented as meeting each such factor and the amount of loans that do not meet those factors. If multiple entities are involved in the decision to include assets despite not having met the disclosed underwriting criteria, such fact will be described and each participating entity will be disclosed.]

 

Review of MSMCH Mortgage Loans

 

General. In connection with the preparation of this prospectus, MSMCH conducted a review of the mortgage loans that it is selling to the depositor designed and effected to provide reasonable assurance that the disclosure related to the MSMCH Mortgage Loans is accurate in all material respects. MSMCH determined the nature, extent and timing of the review and the level of assistance provided by any third party. The review was conducted by a deal team comprised of real estate and securitization professionals and third parties. MSMCH has ultimate authority and control over, and assumes all responsibility for and attributes to itself, the review and the findings and conclusions of the review of the mortgage loans that it is selling to the depositor. The review procedures described below were employed with respect to all of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans, except that certain review procedures were only relevant to the large loan disclosures in this prospectus, as further described below. No sampling procedures were used in the review process.

 

Database. MSMCH created a database (the “MSMCH Securitization Database”) of information obtained in connection with the origination or acquisition of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans, including:

 

certain information from the mortgage loan documents;

 

certain borrower-provided information, including certain rent rolls, certain operating statements and certain leases relating to certain mortgaged properties;

 

insurance information for the related mortgaged properties;

 

information from third party reports such as the appraisals, environmental and property condition reports;

 

credit and background searches with respect to the related borrowers; and

 

certain other information and other search results obtained by MSMCH for each of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans during the underwriting process.

 

MSMCH may have included in the MSMCH Securitization Database certain updates to such information received by MSMCH after origination, such as information from the interim servicer regarding loan payment status, current escrows, updated operating statements and rent rolls and certain other information otherwise brought to the attention of the MSMCH securitization team. Such updates were not intended to be, and do not serve as, a re-underwriting of any mortgage loan.

 

MSMCH created a data file (the “MSMCH Data File”) using the information in the MSMCH Securitization Database and provided that file to the depositor for use in compiling the numerical information regarding the MSMCH Mortgage Loans in this prospectus (particularly in Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to this prospectus).

 

Data Comparisons and Recalculation. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, on behalf of MSMCH, engaged a third party accounting firm to perform certain data comparison and recalculation procedures which were designed by MSMCH relating to MSMCH Mortgage Loan information in this prospectus. These procedures included:

 

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comparing the information in the MSMCH Data File against various source documents provided by MSMCH;

 

comparing numerical information regarding the MSMCH Mortgage Loans and the related mortgaged properties disclosed in this prospectus against the information contained in the MSMCH Data File; and

 

recalculating certain percentages, ratios and other formulas relating to the MSMCH Mortgage Loans disclosed in this prospectus.

 

Legal Review. For each MSMCH Mortgage Loan originated or co-originated by MSMCH or one of its affiliates (as applicable), MSMCH reviewed a legal loan and property information summary prepared by origination counsel, which summary includes important loan terms and certain property-level information obtained during the origination process. MSMCH also provided to each origination counsel the representations and warranties attached as Annex D-1 to this prospectus and requested that origination counsel draft exceptions to such representations and warranties. MSMCH compiled and reviewed draft exceptions received from origination counsel, engaged separate counsel to review the exceptions, revised the exceptions and provided them to the depositor for inclusion in Annex D-2 to this prospectus.

 

For MSMCH Mortgage Loans purchased by MSMCH or one of its affiliates from a third party originator, if any, MSMCH reviewed the related purchase agreement, the representations and warranties made by the originator contained therein (together with the exceptions thereto) and certain provisions of the related loan documents and third party reports concerning the related mortgaged property that were provided by the originator of such mortgage loan. With respect to each such MSMCH Mortgage Loan, MSMCH and its counsel prepared exceptions to the representations and warranties attached as Annex D-1 to this prospectus and provided them to the depositor for inclusion in Annex D-2 to this prospectus.

 

In addition, with respect to each MSMCH Mortgage Loan, MSMCH reviewed, and in certain cases, requested that its counsel review, certain loan document provisions in connection with the disclosure of such provisions in this prospectus, such as property release provisions and other provisions specifically disclosed in this prospectus.

 

Certain Updates. MSMCH requested that each borrower under a MSMCH Mortgage Loan (or such borrower’s origination or litigation counsel, as applicable) provide updates on any material pending litigation that existed at origination. In addition, if MSMCH became aware of a significant natural disaster in the vicinity of a mortgaged property securing a MSMCH Mortgage Loan, MSMCH requested information on the property status from the related borrower in order to confirm whether any material damage to the mortgaged property had occurred.

 

Large Loan Summaries. MSMCH prepared, and reviewed with origination counsel and securitization counsel, the loan summaries for those of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans included in the ten (10) largest mortgage loans or groups of cross-collateralized mortgage loans in the mortgage pool and the abbreviated loan summaries for those of the MSMCH Mortgage Loans included in the next five (5) largest mortgage loans or groups of cross-collateralized mortgage loans in the mortgage pool, which loan summaries and abbreviated loan summaries are incorporated in Annex A-3 to this prospectus.

 

Underwriting Standards. MSMCH also consulted with origination counsel to confirm that the MSMCH Mortgage Loans were originated in compliance with the origination and underwriting standards described above under “—The Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards” as well as to identify any material deviations from those origination and underwriting standards. See “—The Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards” above.

 

Findings and Conclusions. MSMCH found and concluded with reasonable assurance that the disclosure regarding the MSMCH Mortgage Loans in this prospectus is accurate in all material respects. MSMCH also found and concluded with reasonable assurance that the MSMCH Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with the Morgan Stanley Group’s origination procedures and underwriting

 

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standards, except to the extent described above under “—The Morgan Stanley Group’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions to Underwriting Standards”.

 

Review Procedures in the Event of a Mortgage Loan Substitution. MSMCH will perform a review of any mortgage loan that it elects to substitute for an MSMCH Mortgage Loan in the pool in connection with a material breach of a representation or warranty or a material document defect. MSMCH, and if appropriate its legal counsel, will review the mortgage loan documents and servicing history of the substitute mortgage loan to confirm it meets each of the criteria required under the terms of the related MLPA and the PSA (the “MSMCH Qualification Criteria”). MSMCH may engage a third party accounting firm to compare the MSMCH Qualification Criteria against the underlying source documentation to verify the accuracy of the review by MSMCH and to confirm any numerical and/or statistical information to be disclosed in any required filings under the Exchange Act. Legal counsel will also be engaged by MSMCH to render any tax opinion required in connection with the substitution.

 

Repurchases and Replacements

 

The transaction documents for certain prior transactions in which MSMCH securitized commercial mortgage loans or participation interests (“CRE Loans“) contain covenants requiring the repurchase or replacement of an underlying CRE Loan for the breach of a related representation or warranty under various circumstances if the breach is not cured. The following table sets forth, for the period commencing [_____], 20[_] and ending [_____], 20[_], the information required by Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act concerning all assets securitized by MSMCH that were the subject of a demand to repurchase or replace for breach of the representations and warranties concerning the pool assets for all asset-backed securities held by non-affiliates of MSMCH where the underlying transaction agreements included a covenant to repurchase or replace an underlying asset of the CRE Loan asset class. The information for MSMCH as a securitizer of CRE Loans required to be set forth in a Form ABS-15G for the reporting period from [_____], 20[_] through [_____], 20[_] was set forth in a Form ABS-15G filed by MSMCH on [_____], 20[_]. The Central Index Key Number of MSMCH is 0001541557.

 

[TABLE TO BE UPDATED AS NECESSARY]

 

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Repurchases and Replacements1 

Asset Class: CMBS 

Name of Issuing Entity Check if Registered Name of Originator2 Total Assets in ABS by Originator at time of securitization Assets That Were Subject of Demand3 Assets That Were Repurchased or
 Replaced4
Assets Pending Repurchase or Replacement
(within cure period)5
Demand in Dispute6 Demand Withdrawn7 Demand Rejected8
# $ % # $9 %10 # $9 %10 # $9 %10 # $9 %10 # $9 %10 # $9 %10
                                               
                                               
                                               
                                               
                                                 
                                                                             

 

 

1.In connection with the preparation of this prospectus, MSMCH undertook the following steps to gather the information required by Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act: (i) identifying all asset-backed securities transactions in which MSMCH acted as a securitizer that were not the subject of a filing on Form ABS-15G by an affiliated securitizer, (ii) performing a diligent search of MSMCH’s records and the records of affiliates of MSMCH that acted as securitizers in its transactions for all relevant information, (iii) reviewing appropriate documentation from all relevant transactions to determine the parties responsible for enforcing representations and warranties, and any other parties to the transaction who might have received repurchase requests (such parties, “Demand Entities”), and (iv) making written request of each Demand Entity to provide any information in its possession regarding requests or demands to repurchase any loans for a breach of a representation or warranty with respect to any relevant transaction that was not previously provided to MSMCH. MSMCH followed up written requests made of Demand Entities as it deemed appropriate. In addition, MSMCH requested information from trustees and other Demand Entities as to investor demands that occurred prior to [_____], 20[_]. It is possible that this disclosure does not contain information about all investor demands upon those parties made prior to [_____], 20[_].

 

2.MSMCH identified the “originator” on the same basis that it would identify the originator for purposes of Regulation AB (Subpart 229.1100 – Asset-Backed Securities (Regulation AB), 17 C.F.R. §§229.1100-229.1125) for registered transactions.

 

3.Reflects aggregate numbers for all demand activity shown in this table.

 

4.Includes loans for which the repurchase price or replacement asset was received during the reporting period from [_____], 20[_] to [_____], 20[_]. The demand related to loans reported in this column may have been received prior to such reporting period.

 

5.Includes loans for which the securitizer is aware that the responsible party has agreed to repurchase or replace the loan but has not yet repurchased or replaced such loans. The demand related to loans reported in this column may have been received prior to the reporting period from [_____], 20[_] to [_____], 20[_].

 

6.Includes demands received during and prior to the reporting period from [_____], 20[_] to [_____], 20[_] unless the loan falls into one of the other categories reflected on this chart or the demand was received prior to such reporting period and was finally resolved prior to such reporting period. If the securitizer is not the party responsible for repurchasing a loan subject to a demand, the loan is reflected in this column until the securitizer has been informed by the related trustee that the loan has been repurchased or replaced.

 

7.Includes loans for which the buyback demand was withdrawn by the party submitting the demand during the reporting period from [_____], 20[_] to [_____], 20[_]. The demand related to loans reported in this column may have been received prior to such reporting period.

 

8.Includes loans (i) for which a demand was received, a rebuttal was made and there was no response within 90 days of the rebuttal and (ii) for which the related obligor has repaid the loan in full, in each case during the reporting period from [_____], 20[_] to [_____], 20[_]. The demand related to loans reported in this column may have been received prior to such reporting period.

 

9.Principal balance was determined as of the earlier of (i) the principal balance reported in the [_____], 20[_] distribution date report and (ii) the principal balance on the distribution date immediately preceding the period for which the distribution date report reflected that the loan was removed from the pool. Liquidated loans reflect amounts received as borrower payments, insurance proceeds and all other liquidation proceeds.

 

10.Percentage of principal balance was calculated by using the principal balance as described in footnote 9 divided by the aggregate principal balance of the pool assets reported in the [_____], 20[_] distribution date report. Because the aggregate principal balance of the remaining pool assets may be less than the principal balance of the repurchase demands calculated as described in footnote 9, the percentage shown in this column may exceed 100%.

 

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Retained Interests in This Securitization

 

[Neither MSMCH nor any of its affiliates intends to retain any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization, [except that [_____] intends to purchase up to [$_______] initial Certificate Balance of the Class [___] certificates for investment]. [TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE, DISCLOSURE WOULD BE ADDED AS TO any hedge (security specific or portfolio) materially related to the credit risk of the CERTIFICATES HELD that was entered into by MSMCH or, if known, by an affiliate of MSMCH to offset the risk position held]

 

[NAMES OF OTHER SPONSORS]

 

[INCLUDE SIMILAR SPONSOR INFORMATION TO THAT SET FORTH ABOVE FOR MSMCH]

 

[If any sponsor is required to repurchase or replace any asset for breach of a representation and warranty, INCLUDE information regarding that sponsor’s financial condition to the extent that there is a material risk that the effect on its ability to comply with the provisions in the transaction agreements relating to the repurchase obligations for those assets resulting from such financial condition could have a material impact on pool performance or performance of the asset-backed securities.]

 

[The Originators] [IF THERE ARE ORIGINATORS THAT ARE NOT SPONSORS OR MORTGAGE LOAN SELLERS]

 

[IDENTIFY ANY ORIGINATOR OR GROUP OF AFFILIATED ORIGINATORS THAT ORIGINATED 10% OR MORE OF THE POOL ASSETS AND ANY ORIGINATOR(S) ORIGINATING LESS THAN 10% OF THE POOL ASSETS IF THE CUMULATIVE AMOUNT ORIGINATED BY PARTIES OTHER THAN THE SPONSORS OR THEIR AFFILIATES IS MORE THAN 10% OF THE POOL ASSETS.]

 

[INCLUDE ALL INFORMATION REQUIRED TO BE DISCLOSED UNDER ITEM 1110(b) OF REGULATION AB FOR ANY ORIGINATOR OR GROUP OF AFFILIATED ORIGINATORS THAT ORIGINATE 20% OR MORE OF THE POOL ASSETS.]

 

[INCLUDE UNDERWRITING CRITERIA FOR ANY ORIGINATOR OR GROUP OF AFFILIATED ORIGINATORS THAT ORIGINATE 20% OR MORE OF THE POOL ASSETS.]

 

[if any originator is required to repurchase or replace a pool asset for breach of a representation and warranty, INCLUDE information regarding SUCH originator's financial condition to the extent that there is a material risk that the effect on its ability to comply with the provisions in the transaction agreements relating to the repurchase obligations for those assets resulting from such financial condition could have a material impact on pool performance or performance of the asset-backed securities.]

 

The Depositor

 

Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc., the depositor, is a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley and was incorporated in the State of Delaware on January 28, 1985. Our principal executive offices are located at 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036. Our telephone number is (212) 761-4000. The depositor does not have, nor is it expected in the future that it will have, any significant assets and it is not engaged in any activities except those related to the securitization of assets.

 

The depositor was formed for the purpose of acting as a depositor in asset backed securities transactions. During the period commencing January 1, 2000 and terminating June 30, 2021, the depositor acted as depositor with respect to multifamily, commercial and manufactured housing community mortgage loan securitization transactions, in an aggregate amount of approximately

 

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$189,859,502,103. Generally, MSMCH (or its predecessor) has acted as a sponsor or co-sponsor of such transactions and contributed a substantial portion of the mortgage loans in such transactions, with the remainder having been contributed by numerous other mortgage loan sellers. The depositor has also acted as depositor with respect to numerous securitizations of residential mortgage loans.

 

The depositor purchases commercial mortgage loans and interests in commercial mortgage loans for the purpose of selling those assets to trusts created in connection with the securitization of pools of assets and does not engage in any activities unrelated thereto. On the Closing Date, the depositor will acquire the mortgage loans from each mortgage loan seller and will simultaneously transfer them, without recourse, to the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders. The depositor does not have, nor is it expected in the future to have, any significant assets and is not engaged in activities unrelated to the securitization of mortgage loans. The depositor will not have any business operations other than securitizing mortgage loans and related activities.

 

The depositor will have minimal ongoing duties with respect to the certificates and the Mortgage Loans. These duties will include, without limitation, (i) appointing a successor trustee or custodian in the event of the resignation or removal of the trustee or custodian, as applicable, (ii) providing information in its possession with respect to the certificates to the certificate administrator to the extent necessary to perform REMIC tax administration and preparing disclosure required under the Exchange Act, (iii) indemnifying the trustee, the custodian, the certificate administrator and the issuing entity for any liability, assessment or costs arising from the depositor’s willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in providing such information, (iv) indemnifying the trustee, the custodian and the certificate administrator against certain securities laws liabilities and (v) signing, or contracting with the master servicer to sign, any distribution report on Form 10-D, current report on Form 8-K or annual report on Form 10-K, including the required certification therein under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, required to be filed by the issuing entity and reviewing filings pursuant to the Exchange Act prepared by the certificate administrator on behalf of the issuing entity. The depositor is also required under the Underwriting Agreement to indemnify the underwriters for, or to contribute to losses in respect of, certain securities law liabilities.

 

The Issuing Entity

 

The issuing entity, [NAME OF ISSUING ENTITY], will be a New York common law trust, formed on the Closing Date pursuant to the PSA.

 

The only activities that the issuing entity may perform are those set forth in the PSA, which are generally limited to owning and administering the mortgage loans and any REO Property, disposing of defaulted mortgage loans and REO Property, issuing the certificates, making distributions, providing reports to Certificateholders and other activities described in this prospectus. Accordingly, the issuing entity may not issue securities other than the certificates, or invest in securities, other than investing of funds in the Collection Account and other accounts maintained under the PSA in certain short-term permitted investments. The issuing entity may not lend or borrow money, except that the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee may make Advances of delinquent monthly debt service payments and Servicing Advances to the issuing entity, but only to the extent it does not deem such Advances to be non-recoverable from the related mortgage loan; such Advances are intended to provide liquidity, rather than credit support. The PSA may be amended as set forth under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Amendment”. The issuing entity administers the mortgage loans through the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer and the special servicer. A discussion of the duties of the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer and the special servicer, including any discretionary activities performed by each of them, is set forth in this prospectus under “Transaction Parties—The Trustee”, “―The Certificate Administrator”, “—The Master Servicer” and “—The Special Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

The only assets of the issuing entity other than the mortgage loans and any REO Properties are the Collection Account and other accounts maintained pursuant to the PSA, the short-term investments in which funds in the Collection Account and other accounts are invested. The issuing entity has no present liabilities, but has potential liability relating to ownership of the mortgage loans and any REO Properties

 

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and certain other activities described in this prospectus, and indemnity obligations to the trustee, the certificate administrator, the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer and the operating advisor. The fiscal year of the issuing entity is the calendar year. The issuing entity has no executive officers or board of directors and acts through the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer and the special servicer.

 

The depositor will be contributing the mortgage loans to the issuing entity. The depositor will be purchasing the mortgage loans from the mortgage loan sellers, as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

The Trustee

 

[_______] will act as trustee on behalf of the Certificateholders pursuant to the PSA.

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED REGARDING THE TRUSTEE AND A DESCRIPTION OF TRUSTEE’S EXPERIENCE SERVING AS A TRUSTEE FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH SIMILAR ASSETS AS REQUIRED UNDER ITEM 1109]

 

The parties to this transaction may maintain banking and other commercial relationships with [______] and its affiliates.

 

[________] is subject to various legal proceedings that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. [_________] does not believe that the ultimate resolution of any of these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its services as trustee.

 

The responsibilities of the trustee are set forth in the PSA. A discussion of the role of the trustee and its continuing duties, including: 1) any actions required by the trustee, including whether notices are required to investors, rating agencies or other third parties, upon an event of default, potential event of default (and how defined) or other breach of a transaction covenant and any required percentage of a class or classes of asset-backed securities that is needed to require the trustee to take action, 2) limitations on the trustee’s liability under the transaction agreements regarding the asset-backed securities transaction, 3) any indemnification provisions that entitle the trustee to be indemnified from the cash flow that otherwise would be used to pay the asset-backed securities, and 4) any contractual provisions or understandings regarding the trustee’s removal, replacement or resignation, as well as how the expenses associated with changing from one trustee to another trustee will be paid, is set forth in this prospectus under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”. In its capacity as trustee on commercial mortgage loan securitizations, [_______] and its affiliates are generally required to make an advance if the related servicer or special servicer fails to make a required advance. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

[There are no legal proceedings pending against [____], or to which any property of [____] is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders and [____] has no actual knowledge of any such proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.]

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the trustee and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

The trustee will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. For further information regarding the duties, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the trustee under the PSA, including those related to indemnification, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the trustee’s removal, replacement or resignation are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator”.

 

The information set forth under this sub-heading has been provided by [_______].

 

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The Certificate Administrator

 

[_________] will act as the certificate administrator and custodian under the PSA. The certificate administrator will also be the REMIC administrator and the 17g-5 Information Provider under the PSA.

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED REGARDING THE CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR AND DESCRIPTION OF CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR’S EXPERIENCE SERVING AS A CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH SIMILAR ASSETS AS REQUIRED UNDER ITEM 1109 OF REGULATION AB II]

 

Under the terms of the PSA, the certificate administrator is responsible for securities administration, which includes pool performance calculations, distribution calculations and related distributions to certificateholders and the preparation of monthly distribution reports. The certificate administrator is responsible for the preparation and filing of all REMIC and grantor trust tax returns on behalf of the trust REMICs and the grantor trust and, to the extent required under the PSA, the preparation of monthly reports on Form 10-D, certain Current Reports on Form 8-K and Annual Reports on Form 10-K that are required to be filed with the SEC on behalf of the issuing entity. [_________] is acting as custodian of the mortgage loan files pursuant and subject to the PSA. In that capacity, [_______] is responsible to hold and safeguard the mortgage notes and other contents of the mortgage files on behalf of the trustee and the Certificateholders. [________] maintains each mortgage loan file in a separate file folder marked with a unique bar code to assure loan-level file integrity and to assist in inventory management. Files are segregated by transaction or investor.]

 

[________] serves or may have served within the past [___] years as loan file custodian for various mortgage loans owned by one or more of the sponsors or an affiliate of one or more of the sponsors, and one or more of those mortgage loans may be included in the issuing entity. The terms of any custodial agreement under which those services are provided by [__________] are customary for the mortgage-backed securitization industry and provide for the delivery, receipt, review and safekeeping of mortgage loan files.]

 

[There are no legal proceedings pending against [____], or to which any property of [____] is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders, and [____] has no actual knowledge of any such proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.]

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the certificate administrator and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

The certificate administrator will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. For further information regarding the duties, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the certificate administrator under the PSA, including those related to indemnification, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the certificate administrator’s removal, replacement or resignation are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator”.

 

The foregoing information set forth under this heading “The Certificate Administrator” has been provided by [___________].

 

The Master Servicer

 

[__________] will act as the master servicer for all of the Mortgage Loans to be deposited into the issuing entity and the Serviced Companion Loans.

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED REGARDING THE MASTER SERVICER AND DESCRIPTION OF THE MASTER SERVICER’S EXPERIENCE SERVING AS A MASTER SERVICER FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH SIMILAR ASSETS AS REQUIRED UNDER ITEM 1108 OF REGULATION AB]

 

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[DISCLOSURE WILL BE ADDED REGARDING THE MASTER SERVICER’S FINANCIAL CONDITION TO THE EXTENT THERE IS A MATERIAL RISK THAT THE EFFECT ON ONE OR MORE ASPECTS OF SERVICING RESULTING FROM SUCH FINANCIAL CONDITION COULD HAVE A MATERIAL IMPACT ON POOL PERFORMANCE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE CERTIFICATES AS REQUIRED UNDER ITEM 1108 OF REGULATION AB.]

 

[There are no legal proceedings pending against [____], or to which any property of [____] is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders, and [____] has no actual knowledge of any such proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.]

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the master servicer and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

The master servicer will have various duties under the PSA. Certain duties and obligations of the master servicer are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—General” and “—Enforcement of “Due-on-Sale” and “Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions”. The master servicer’s ability to waive or modify any terms, fees, penalties or payments on the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), and the effect of that ability on the potential cash flows from such Mortgage Loans, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments”. The master servicer’s obligations as the servicer to make advances, and the interest or other fees charged for those advances and the terms of the master servicer’s recovery of those advances, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

The master servicer will not have primary responsibility for custody services of original documents evidencing the Mortgage Loans, the Serviced Companion Loans. On occasion, the master servicer may have custody of certain of such documents as are necessary for enforcement actions involving the Mortgage Loans or the Serviced Companion Loans or otherwise. To the extent master servicer performs custodial functions as a servicer, documents will be maintained in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard.

 

The master servicer will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the master servicer’s removal or replacement, resignation are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”, “—Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events”, “—Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event” and “—Waiver of Servicer Termination Event”. The master servicer’s rights and obligations with respect to indemnification, and certain limitations on the master servicer’s liability under the PSA, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”.

 

[Neither the master servicer nor any of its affiliates intends to retain any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization, [except that [_____] intends to purchase up to [$_______] initial Certificate Balance of the Class [___] certificates for investment] [IF APPLICABLE, DESCRIBE ANY RIGHT TO RETAIN A PORTION OF THE MASTER SERVICING FEE EVEN IF THE MASTER SERVICER IS NO LONGER ACTING IN THAT CAPACITY] [TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE, DISCLOSURE WOULD BE ADDED AS TO ANY HEDGE (SECURITY SPECIFIC OR PORTFOLIO) MATERIALLY RELATED TO THE CREDIT RISK OF THE INTEREST RETAINED IN THE TRANSACTION THAT WAS ENTERED INTO BY THE MASTER SERVICER OR, IF KNOWN, BY AN AFFILIATE OF THE MASTER SERVICER TO OFFSET THE RISK POSITION HELD]

 

The information set forth above under this heading “Transaction Parties—The Master Servicer” has been provided by [________].

 

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The Non-Serviced Master Servicer [DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED IF NON-SERVICED MASTER SERVICER SERVICES NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOAN IN EXCESS OF 20% OF THE INITIAL POOL BALANCE OR IS AN AFFILIATED NON-SERVICED MASTER SERVICER]

 

[___] is the master servicer of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan under the pooling and servicing agreement related to the [NAME OF NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOAN SECURITIZATION DEAL] securitization.]

 

The role and responsibilities of the master servicer with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan are similar to those of the master servicer of the Mortgage Loans (other than Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) under the PSA, and are further summarized in this prospectus under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement – Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

[Information similar to that provided above for the master servicer will be provided.]

 

[The foregoing information under this heading “Transaction Parties—The Non-Serviced Master Servicer” has been provided by [_________].

 

The Special Servicer

 

[___] will initially be appointed to act as the special servicer under the PSA. In such capacity, the special servicer will be responsible for the servicing and administration of the Specially Serviced Loans and REO Properties pursuant to the PSA.

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED REGARDING THE SPECIAL SERVICER AND DESCRIPTION OF THE MASTER SERVICER’S EXPERIENCE SERVING AS A SPECIAL SERVICER FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH SIMILAR ASSETS AS REQUIRED UNDER ITEM 1108 OF REGULATION AB]

 

The special servicer will not have primary responsibility for custody services of original documents evidencing the Mortgage Loans or the Subordinate Companion Loan. The special servicer may from time to time have custody of certain of such documents as necessary for enforcement actions involving particular Mortgage Loans or the Subordinate Companion Loan or otherwise. To the extent that the special servicer has custody of any such documents for any such servicing purposes, such documents will be maintained in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard.

 

The special servicer will not have any material advancing rights or obligations. In certain instances, the special servicer may have the right or be obligated to make property related servicing advances in emergency situations.

 

[[____] occasionally engages consultants to perform property inspections and to provide surveillance on a property and its local market; it currently does not have any plans to engage sub-servicers to perform on its behalf any of its duties with respect to this transaction with the exception of some outsourced base servicing functions.]

 

[There are no legal proceedings pending against [____], or to which any property of [____] is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders, and [____] has no actual knowledge of any such proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.]

 

[____] is an affiliate of the entity expected to purchase the [SPECIFIC CLASSES] certificates (and may purchase certain other classes of certificates) and be appointed as the initial Directing Certificateholder. For a description of any other material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the special servicer and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

The special servicer’s role and responsibilities are set forth in this prospectus under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”. The special servicer’s ability to waive or modify any terms, fees, penalties or payments on the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the related Serviced

 

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Companion Loans, and the effect of that ability on the potential cash flows from such Mortgage Loans and the related Serviced Companion Loans, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments”.

 

The special servicer will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the special servicer’s removal, replacement, resignation or transfer are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”, “—Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events” and “—Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event”. The master servicer’s rights and obligations with respect to indemnification, and certain limitations on the master servicer’s liability under the PSA, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”.

 

[Neither the special servicer nor any of its affiliates intends to retain any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization, [except that [_____] intends to purchase up to [$_______] initial Certificate Balance of the Class [___] certificates for investment] [TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE, DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED AS TO ANY HEDGE (SECURITY SPECIFIC OR PORTFOLIO) MATERIALLY RELATED TO THE CREDIT RISK OF THE INTEREST RETAINED IN THE TRANSACTION THAT WAS ENTERED INTO BY THE MASTER SERVICER OR, IF KNOWN, BY AN AFFILIATE OF THE MASTER SERVICER TO OFFSET THE RISK POSITION HELD]

 

The foregoing information under this heading “Transaction Parties—The Special Servicer” has been provided by [____].

 

The Non-Serviced Special Servicer [TO BE ADDED IF NON-SERVICED SPECIAL SERVICER SERVICES NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOAN IN EXCESS OF 20% OF THE INITIAL POOL BALANCE OR IS AN AFFILIATED NON-SERVICED SPECIAL SERVICER]

 

[___] is the special servicer of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan under the pooling and servicing agreement related to the [NAME OF NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOAN SECURITIZATION DEAL] securitization.]

 

The role and responsibilities of the special servicer with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan are similar to those of the special servicer of the mortgage loans under the PSA, and are further summarized in this prospectus under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement – Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

[Information similar to that provided above for the special servicer will be provided.]

 

The foregoing information under this heading “Transaction Parties—The Non-Serviced Special Servicer” has been provided by [_________].

 

[OTHER SERVICERS]

 

[TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE, DISCLOSURE WILL BE ADDED REGARDING OTHER APPLICABLE SERVICERS SUCH AS PRIMARY SERVICERS OR SUB-SERVICERS]

 

The Operating Advisor

 

[_____] (“[____]”), a [_____], will act as operating advisor under the PSA. The operating advisor will have certain review and consultation duties with respect to activities of the special servicer.

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED REGARDING THE OPERATING ADVISOR AND A DESCRIPTION OF OPERATING ADVISOR’S EXPERIENCE SERVING AS AN OPERATING ADVISOR FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH SIMILAR ASSETS]

 

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[There are no legal proceedings pending against [____], or to which any property of [____] is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders, and [____] has no actual knowledge of any such proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.]

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the operating advisor and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

The operating advisor will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. For further information regarding the duties, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the operating advisor under the PSA, including those related to indemnification, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the operating advisor’s removal, replacement, resignation or transfer are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”.

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED, FOR OFFERINGS SATISFYING THE RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH RETENTION OF AN ELIGIBLE HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST, DESCRIBING HOW THE OPERATING ADVISOR SATISFIES THE REQUIREMENTS OF “ELIGIBLE OPERATING ADVISOR”]

 

The foregoing information under this heading “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor” has been provided by [_______].

 

The Asset Representations Reviewer

 

[_____] (“[____]”), a [_____], will act as asset representations reviewer under the PSA. The asset representations reviewer will be required to review certain delinquent mortgage loans after a specified delinquency threshold has been exceeded and the required percentage of Certificateholders vote to direct a review of such delinquent mortgage loans. [IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SERVICED WHOLE LOAN, ADD DISCLOSURE REGARDING CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHICH THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER MAY BE DELEGATED THE RESPONSIBILITY TO ACT AS ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER SOLELY FOR THE SERVICED COMPANION LOAN IF THE CONDITIONS FOR AN ASSET REVIEW HAVE BEEN MET UNDER THAT PSA, THE COSTS OF WHICH REVIEW TO BE BORNE BY THE ISSUING ENTITY CREATED UNDER THAT PSA. ALSO, IN CONNECTION WITH ANY NON-SERVICED WHOLE LOAN, ADD DISCLOSURE REGARDING CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHICH THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER IS REQUIRED TO DELEGATE TO THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER APPOINTED UNDER THE NON-SERVICED PSA THE RESPONSIBILITY TO ACT AS ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER SOLELY FOR THE NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOAN IF THE CONDITIONS FOR AN ASSET REVIEW HAVE BEEN MET UNDER THE PSA FOR THIS TRANSACTION, THE COSTS OF WHICH REVIEW TO BE BORNE BY THE ISSUING ENTITY FOR THIS TRANSACTION.]

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED REGARDING THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER AND A DESCRIPTION OF ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER’S EXPERIENCE SERVING AS AN ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH SIMILAR ASSETS]

 

[There are no legal proceedings pending against [____], or to which any property of [____] is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders, and [____] has no actual knowledge of any such proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.]

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the asset representations reviewer and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

The asset representations reviewer will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA, and no implied duties or obligations may be asserted against the asset

 

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representations reviewer. [Describe any limitations on the asset representationS reviewER’s liability under the PSA] For further information regarding the duties, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA, including those related to indemnification, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Asset Representations Reviewer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the asset representations reviewer’s removal, replacement, resignation or transfer are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Asset Representations Reviewer”.

 

The foregoing information under this heading “Transaction Parties—The Asset Representations Reviewer” has been provided by [_________].

 

Credit Risk Retention

 

General

 

This securitization transaction will be subject to the credit risk retention requirements of Section 15G of the Exchange Act, as added by Section 941 of the Dodd-Frank Act (the “Credit Risk Retention Rules”). [_] will act as the “retaining sponsor” (as defined in Regulation RR, the “Retaining Sponsor”).

 

Regulation RR” means Regulation RR promulgated under Section 15G of the Exchange Act.

 

[INCLUDE FOR ANY TRANSACTION WHERE A PORTION OF THE REQUIRED CREDIT RISK RETENTION IS SATISFIED BY CREDIT RISK RETENTION HELD BY AN ORIGINATOR: The conditions permitting the allocation of credit risk retention to an originator will be satisfied on the Closing Date.]

 

[DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED IF THE SPONSOR INTENDS TO RETAIN A HORIZONTAL INTEREST IN THE TRANSACTION:]

 

[We expect that MSMCH [and [NAME AND FORM OF ORGANIZATION OF 20% ORIGINATOR] will acquire [in the aggregate] the certificates identified in the table below]:

 

Class of Certificates [Estimated Range of] Certificate Balance of Retained Certificates and Their Fair Values(1)
Class [__] [____]% to [_____]%
$[_____] to $[_____]
Class [__] [____]% to [_____]%
$[_____] to $[_____]
Class [__] [____]% to [_____]%
$[_____] to $[_____]

 

 

(1)The fair value of the applicable certificate balance of the indicated class of certificates expressed as a percentage of the fair value of all of the certificates issued by the issuing entity. For a description of the manner in which the sponsor determined the fair value of the certificates, see “-Determination of Amount of Required Credit Risk Retention”.

 

The aggregate fair value of the certificates identified in the above table is equal to or greater than 5% of the aggregate fair value of all the certificates issued by issuing entity. [[NAME OF ORIGINATOR] is expected to acquire $[_______] Certificate Balance of the Class [__] certificates identified in the table above [for cash on the Closing Date][through a reduction in the price received by [______] from the depositor for the mortgage loans sold by [_________] to the depositor on the Closing Date] in the amount

 

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of $[________].]] For a description of the material terms of the classes of certificates identified in the table above, see “Description of the Certificates”.

 

[Disclosure if the sponsor intends to retain a vertical interest in the transaction:]

 

[[MSMCH] [and [NAME AND FORM OF ORGANIZATION OF 20% ORIGINATOR]] expect[s] to retain in the aggregate the certificates identified in the table below]:

 

Class of Certificates  Certificate Balance(1)
Class [__] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____]

 

 

(1)Represents [5]% of each class of certificates issued by the issuing entity. [If one or more 20% originators ACQUIRES a portion of the total Certificate Balance of the indicated classes of certificates, a separate Certificate Balance column will be included for each entity ACQUIRES a portion of the required vertical interest.]

 

[IN THE ALTERNATIVE, THE ELIGIBLE VERTICAL INTEREST MAY BE EVIDENCED AS A SINGLE CLASS OF CERTIFICATES WITH THE SAME AGGREGATE PAYMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF [5]% OF THE OTHER CLASSES OF CERTIFICATES IN THE SECURITIZATION.]

 

For a description of the material terms of the classes of certificates identified in the table above, see “Description of the Certificates”. [[NAME OF ORIGINATOR] is expected to acquire the certificates identified in the table above as to be acquired by it [for cash on the Closing Date][through a reduction in the price received from the depositor for the mortgage loans sold by it to the depositor on the Closing Date] in the amount of $[________].]]

 

[Disclosure if the sponsor intends to retain a combination of a vertical interest and a horizontal interest:]

 

[[MSMCH] [and [NAME AND FORM OF ORGANIZATION OF 20% ORIGINATOR]] expect[s] to retain in the aggregate the certificates identified in the table below]:

 

Vertical Interest:

 

Class of Certificates Certificate Balance(1)
Class [__] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____]

 

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(1)Represents [__]% of each class of certificates issued by the issuing entity. [If one or more 20% originators ACQUIRES a portion of the total Certificate Balance of the indicated classes of certificates, a separate Certificate Balance column will be included for each entity ACQUIRING a portion of the required vertical interest.]

 

[IN THE ALTERNATIVE, THE ELIGIBLE VERTICAL INTEREST MAY BE EVIDENCED AS A SINGLE CLASS OF CERTIFICATES WITH THE SAME AGGREGATE PAYMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF [5]% OF THE OTHER CLASSES OF CERTIFICATES IN THE SECURITIZATION.]

 

Horizontal Interest:

 

Class of Certificates [Estimated Range of] Fair Value of Certificate Balance(1)
Class [__] N/A
Class [__] N/A
Class [__] N/A
Class [__] [____]% to [_____]%
$[_____] to $[_____]
Class [__] [____]% to [_____]%
$[_____] to $[_____]
Class [__] [____]% to [_____]%
$[_____] to $[_____]

 

 

(1)The fair value of the applicable certificate balance of the indicated class of certificates expressed as a percentage of the fair value of all of the certificates issued by the issuing entity. For a description of the manner in which the sponsor determined the fair value of the certificates, see “-Determination of Amount of Required Credit Risk Retention”. [If one or more 20% originators ACQUIRES a portion of the total Certificate Balance of the indicated classes of certificates, a separate Certificate Balance column will be included for each entity purchasing a portion of the required horizontal credit risk retention.]

 

[The aggregate fair value of the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates identified in the above table entitled “Horizontal Interest” is equal to [__]% of the aggregate fair value of all certificates issued by issuing entity. The aggregate certificate balance of the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates identified in the above table entitled “Vertical Interest” is equal to [__]% of the aggregate certificate balance of all certificates issued by issuing entity. [[NAME OF ORIGINATOR] is expected to acquire the certificates identified in the [two] prior tables as to be acquired by it [for cash on the Closing Date][through a reduction in the price received from the depositor for the mortgage loans sold by it to the depositor on the Closing Date] in an amount equal to $[________].]] For a description of the material terms of the classes of certificates identified in the table above, see “Description of the Certificates”.

 

[INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT satisfy CREDIT risk retention obligations THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY ONE OR TWO THIRD PARTY PURCHASERS OF AN ELIGIBLE horizontal RESIDUAL interest:]

 

[[NAME AND FORM OF ORGANIZATION OF THIRD PARTY PURCHASER] (the “Third Party Purchaser”) is expected to purchase the certificates identified in the table below. [NAME OF THIRD PARTY PURCHASER] has been an investor in commercial mortgage-backed securities for [__] years and has been the purchaser of the most subordinated class or classes of securities in [__] separate CMBS transactions representing $[___] (by aggregate initial principal balance). [DISCLOSURE TO BE ADDED AS TO ANY OTHER INFORMATION REGARDING THE THIRD–PARTY PURCHASER THAT IS

 

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MATERIAL TO INVESTORS IN LIGHT OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE PARTICULAR SECURITIZATION TRANSACTION, INCLUDING A DESCRIPTION OF THE COLLATERAL REVIEW PERFORMED BY THE THIRD PARTY PURCHASER]

 

Class of Certificates Vertical Interest Certificate Balance(1) [Estimated Range of] Certificate Balances of [Third Party Purchaser’s] Retained Certificates and Their Fair Values(2) [Estimated Range of] Certificate Balances of Sponsor’s Required Retained Certificates and Their Fair Values(3) Purchase Price ($)
Class [__] $[_____] [__]%/$[____] [__]%/$[____] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____] [__]%/$[____] [__]%/$[____] $[_____]
Class [__] $[_____] [__]%/$[____] [__]%/$[____] $[_____]

 

 

 

 

(1)Represents [__]% of each class of certificates issued by the issuing entity.[THE FOREGOING % REPRESENTS 5% MINUS THE % OF HORIZONTAL RISK RETENTION BEING PURCHASED BY THE THIRD PARTY PURCHASER] [If one or more 20% originators purchases a portion of the total Certificate Balance of the indicated classes of certificates, a separate Certificate Balance column will be included for each entity purchasing a portion of the total required credit risk retention.]

 

(2)The fair value of the applicable certificate balance of the indicated class of certificates expressed as a percentage of the fair value of all of the certificates issued by the issuing entity. For a description of the manner in which the sponsor determined the fair value of the certificates, see “-Determination of Amount of Required Credit Risk Retention”.

 

(3)The fair value of the applicable certificate balance of the indicated class of certificates expressed as a percentage of the fair value of all of the certificates issued by the issuing entity. For a description of the manner in which the sponsor determined the fair value of the certificates, see “-Determination of Amount of Required Credit Risk Retention”.

 

The aggregate fair value of the certificate balance of the classes of certificates in the above table is equal to [5]% of the fair value of the aggregate certificate balance of all of the classes of certificates issued by the issuing entity.

 

[IN THE EVENT THAT THE SPONSORS SATISFY THEIR CREDIT RISK RETENTION OBLIGATIONS THROUGH A COMBINATION OF HORIZONTAL RETENTION, VERTICAL RETENTION AND THROUGH THE PURCHASE by one or two third-party purchasers OF AN ELIGIBLE horizontal RESIDUAL interest, THE INFORMATION IN THE INDICATED SECTIONS ABOVE WILL BE PROVIDED AS REQUIRED.]

 

[[FINAL PROSPECTUS ONLY:] The Retaining Sponsor estimates that, if it had relied solely on retaining an “eligible horizontal residual interest” in order to meet the credit risk retention requirements of Regulation RR with respect to this securitization transaction, it would have retained an eligible horizontal residual interest with an aggregate fair value dollar amount of approximately $[____], representing 5% of the aggregate fair value, as of the Closing Date, of all of the ABS Interests.

 

The approximate fair value of each Class of Regular Certificates based on actual sales prices and final tranche sizes is set forth below:

 

Class of Certificates 

Fair Value 

Class [__] $ [___]
Class [__] $ [___]
Class [__] $ [___]

 

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The aggregate fair value of all of the Classes of Regular Certificates is approximately $[____], excluding accrued interest.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, there are no material differences between (a) the valuation methodology or any of the key inputs and assumptions that were used in calculating the fair value or range of fair values disclosed in the preliminary prospectus under the heading “Credit Risk Retention” prior to the pricing of the certificates and (b) the valuation methodology or the key inputs and assumptions that were used in calculating the fair value set forth above under this “Credit Risk Retention” section[, except [DISCLOSE DESCRIPTION OF ANY MATERIAL DIFFERENCES IN VALUATION METHODOLOGY OR KEY INPUTS]].

 

A reasonable time after the Closing Date, the Retaining Sponsor will be required to disclose to, or cause to be disclosed to, certificateholders the following: (a) the fair value of the Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates that will be retained by the Third Party Purchaser based on actual sale prices and finalized tranche sizes, (b) the fair value of the “eligible horizontal residual interest” (as such term is defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules) that the Retaining Sponsor is required to retain under the Credit Risk Retention Rules, and (c) to the extent the valuation methodology or any of the key inputs and assumptions that were used in calculating the fair value or range of fair values disclosed in the preliminary prospectus under the heading “Credit Risk Retention” prior to the pricing of the certificates materially differs from the methodology or key inputs and assumptions used to calculate the fair value at the time of closing, descriptions of those material differences. Any such disclosures are expected to be included in a Current Report on Form 8-K on or a reasonable period after the Closing Date.]

 

Determination of Amount of Required Credit Risk Retention

 

[TEXT IN THE SECTION BELOW WILL BE INCLUDED FOR THE PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS ONLY.]

 

General

 

Commercial mortgage backed securities such as the Principal Balance Certificates are typically priced based relative to either the swap yield curve or to a targeted yield. The method of pricing used is primarily a function of the rating, but can also be determined by prevailing market conditions or investor preference. For this transaction, the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] Certificates (the “Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates”) are anticipated to be priced based on the swap yield curve, and the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] Certificates (the “Yield Priced Principal Balance Certificates”) are anticipated to be priced based on a targeted yield. The Retaining Sponsor calculated the expected scheduled principal payments (the “Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments”) on each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates and each class of Yield Priced Principal Balance Certificates as described below. CMBS such as the Interest-Only Certificates are typically priced relative to the treasury yield curve. The Retaining Sponsor made its determination of the fair value of the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates and the Interest-Only Certificates based on a number of inputs and assumptions consistent with these typical pricing methodologies in the manner described below for the applicable class of certificates. It should be noted in reviewing the fair value discussion below, that certain of the inputs and assumptions, such as yields, credit spreads, prices and coupons, are not directionally correlated (i.e., variations from the base case in the direction of the high or low estimates will not necessarily occur in the same manner, in the same direction or to the same degree for each applicable input or assumption at any given point in time or as a result of any particular market condition). For example, with respect to any particular class of certificates, swap yields may widen in the direction of the high estimate provided, while credit spreads and/or prices move in the direction of the low estimate provided.

 

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Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates:

 

Based on the Modeling Assumptions and assuming a 0% constant prepayment rate (“CPR”), the Retaining Sponsor calculated what the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments on each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates would be over the course of this securitization transaction based on when principal payments are required to be made under the terms of the underlying Mortgage Loan documents during each Collection Period and which classes of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates will be entitled to receive principal payments based on the payment priorities described in “Description of Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”. On the basis of the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments, the Retaining Sponsor calculated the weighted average life for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates.

 

Swap Yield Curve. For an expected range of values at specified points along the swap yield curve, see the table below entitled “Range of Swap Yields for the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates”. The Retaining Sponsor utilized the assumed swap yield curve in the table below in determining the range of fair values of the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates. The actual swap yield curve that will be used as a basis for determining the price of the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates is not known at this time and differences in the swap yield curve will ultimately result in higher or lower fair value calculations. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below at each maturity on the swap yield curve, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the swap yield at that maturity reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the certificates, based on [10] business day rolling periods over the past [6] months

 

[INSERT CHART OF RANGE OF SWAP YIELD CURVE VALUES AT SPECIFIED MATURITIES]

 

Based on the swap yield curve, the Retaining Sponsor will determine for each Class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates the swap yield reflected on the swap yield curve (the “Swap Curve Interpolated Yield”) that corresponds to that class’s weighted average life by using a linear straight-line interpolation (using the swap yield curve with [_] year maturities) if the weighted average life does not correspond to a specified maturity on the swap yield curve.

 

Credit Spread Determination for Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates. The Retaining Sponsor determined the credit spread for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates on the basis of market bids obtained for similar CMBS with similar credit ratings, pool composition and asset quality, payment priority and weighted average lives of the related class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates as of the date of this prospectus. The actual credit spread for a particular class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates at the time of pricing is not known at this time, and differences in the then current credit spread demanded by investors for similar CMBS will ultimately result in higher or lower fair values. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below from the base case credit spread percentage, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the credit spread for newly issued CMBS reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates based on the Retaining Sponsor’s observation and experience in the placement of CMBS with similar characteristics

 

Range of Credit Spreads for the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates
Class of Certificates [Low Estimate of Credit Spread] [Base Case] Credit Spread [High Estimate of Credit Spread]
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%

 

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Discount Yield Determination for Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates. The discount yield (the “Discount Yield”) for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates is the sum of the Swap Curve Interpolated Yield for such class and the related credit spread established at pricing. The Retaining Sponsor determined the Discount Yield for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates on the basis of market bids obtained for similar CMBS with similar credit ratings, pool composition and asset quality, payment priority and weighted average lives of the related class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates as of the date of this prospectus. The actual Discount Yield for a particular class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates at the time of pricing is not known at this time, and differences in the then current Discount Yield demanded by investors for similar CMBS will ultimately result in higher or lower fair values.

 

For an expected range of values for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates, see the table entitled “Range of Discount Yields for the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates” below. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below from the base case Discount Yield percentage, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the discount yield for newly issued CMBS reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates based on the Retaining Sponsor’s observation and experience in the placement of CMBS with similar characteristics.

 

Range of Discount Yields for the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates
Class of
Certificates
[Low Estimate of Discount Yield] [Base Case] Discount Yield [High Estimate of Discount Yield]
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%

 

Determination of Class Sizes for Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates. The Retaining Sponsor was provided credit support levels for each class of Principal Balance Certificates by each Rating Agency. A credit support level for a particular class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates reflects the Rating Agency’s assessment of the aggregate certificate balance of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates that would be required to be subordinate to that class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates in order to satisfy that Rating Agency’s internal ratings criteria to permit it to issue a particular credit rating. Based on the individual credit support levels (expressed as a percentage) provided by the Rating Agencies, the Retaining Sponsor determined the highest required credit support level of the Rating Agencies selected to rate a particular class of Principal Balance Certificates (the “Constraining Level”). In certain circumstances the Retaining Sponsor, in consultation with the other sponsors, may have elected not to engage a rating agency for particular classes of certificates, based in part on the credit support levels provided by that rating agency. See “Risk Factors—Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded”. The Certificate Balance for the classes of certificates with the highest credit rating was determined by multiplying the Initial Pool Balance by a percentage equal to 1.0 minus that class’s Constraining Level. For each other subordinate class of Principal Balance Certificates, that class’s Certificate Balance was determined by multiplying the Initial Pool Balance by a percentage equal to the difference between the Constraining Level for the immediately senior class of Principal Balance Certificates and such subordinate class’s Constraining Level.

 

Target Price Determination for Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates. The Retaining Sponsor determined a target price (the “Target Price”) for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates on the basis of the price (expressed as a percentage of the Certificate Balance of that class)

 

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that similar CMBS with similar credit ratings, cash flow profiles and prepayment risk have priced at in recent securitization transactions. The Target Price that was utilized for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates is set forth in the table below. [The Target Prices utilized by the sponsor have not changed materially during the prior year.]]

 

Target Prices for the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates

 

Class of Certificates  Target Price
Class [__] [__]%
Class [__] [__]%
Class [__] [__]%

 

Determination of Assumed Certificate Coupon for Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates. Based on the Target Price, the Discount Yield and the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the assumed certificate coupon (the “Assumed Certificate Coupon”) by calculating what coupon would be required to be used based on the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments for such class of certificates in order to achieve the related Target Price for that class of certificates when utilizing the related Discount Yield in determining that Target Price. The Assumed Certificate Coupon for each class of certificates and range of Assumed Certificate Coupons generated as a result of the range of possible Discount Yields as of the Closing Date is set forth in the table below.

 

Range of Assumed Certificate Coupons for Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates
Class of Certificates [Low Estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupons] [Base Case Assumed] Certificate Coupon [High Estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupon]
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%

 

Determination of Expected Price for Swap Priced Principal Balance CertificatesBased on interest payments using the Assumed Certificate Coupons for the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates, the Discount Yield and the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments for each Class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the price (the “Swap Priced Expected Price”) expressed as a percent of the Certificate Balance of that Class by determining the net present value of the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments and interest payments accruing at the related Assumed Certificate Coupon discounted at the related Discount Yield; however, for purposes of such calculation no Assumed Certificate Coupon exceeded the WAC Rate. The Retaining Sponsor determined the Swap Priced Expected Price for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates based on the low estimate and high estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupons and the Discount Yield. The lower the yield based on the Assumed Certificate Coupon, the higher the corresponding Swap Priced Expected Price for

 

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a class of certificates will be, therefore, the low range of fair values of the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates will correspond to the high range of the estimate of potential Assumed Certificate Coupons and correspondingly, the high range of fair values of the Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates will correspond to the low range of the estimate of potential Assumed Certificate Coupons.

 

Interest-Only Certificates:

 

Based on the Modeling Assumptions and assuming a 100% CPY prepayment rate (subject to the Cleanup Call), the Retaining Sponsor calculated what the expected scheduled interest payments on each class of Interest-Only Certificates would be over the course of the transaction (for each class of certificates, the “Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments”) based on what the Notional Amount of the related class of Interest-Only Certificates would be during each Collection Period as a result of the application of the expected principal payments during such Collection Period under the terms of the underlying Mortgage Loan documents assuming a 100% CPY prepayment rate (subject to the Cleanup Call) and the classes of certificates that would be entitled to those principal payments based on the payment priorities described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”. On the basis of the periodic reduction in the Notional Amount of each class of Interest-Only Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor calculated the weighted average life for each such class of Interest-Only Certificates.

 

Determination of Treasury Yield Curve for Interest-Only Certificates. The Retaining Sponsor utilized the assumed treasury yield curve in the table below in determining the range of fair values of the Interest-Only Certificates. The actual treasury yield curve that will be used as a basis for determining the price of the Interest-Only Certificates is not known at this time, and differences in the treasury yield curve will ultimately result in higher or lower fair market value calculations. For an expected range of values at specified points along the treasury yield curve, see the table below. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below at each maturity on the treasury yield curve, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the treasury yield at that maturity reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the certificates, based on [__] business day rolling periods over the past [_] months.

 

[INSERT CHART OF RANGE OF TREASURY YIELD CURVE VALUES AT SPECIFIED MATURITIES]

 

For each class of Interest-Only Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the yield reflected on the treasury yield curve (the “Yield Curve Interpolated Yield”) that corresponds to the weighted average life of the Notional Amount of such class of Interest-Only Certificates by using a straight-line interpolation.

 

Credit Spread Determination for Interest-Only Certificates. The Retaining Sponsor determined the credit spread for each class of Interest-Only Certificates on the basis of market bids obtained for similar CMBS with similar credit ratings, pool composition and asset quality, payment priority and weighted average lives of such class of Interest-Only Certificates as of the date of this prospectus. The actual credit spread for a particular class of Interest-Only Certificates at the time of pricing is not known at this time and differences in the then current credit spread demanded by investors for similar CMBS will ultimately result in higher or lower fair values. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below from the base case credit spread percentage, which is the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest percentage increase or decrease in the credit spread for newly issued CMBS reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the certificates.

 

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Range of Credit Spreads for the Interest-Only Certificates
Class of
Certificates
[Low Estimate of
Credit Spread]
[Base Case]
Credit Spread
[High Estimate of
Credit Spread]
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%

 

Discount Yield Determination for Interest-Only Certificates. The discount yield (the “Discount Yield”) for each class of Interest-Only Certificates is the sum of the Yield Curve Interpolated Yield for such class and the related credit spread. For an expected range of values for each class of Interest-Only Certificates, see the table below. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below from the base case Discount Yield percentage, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the discount yield for newly issued CMBS reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the Interest-Only Certificates based on the Retaining Sponsor’s observation and experience in the placement of CMBS with similar characteristics.

 

Range of Discount Yields for the Interest-Only Certificates
Class of
Certificates
[Low Estimate of
Discount Yield]
[Base Case]
Discount Yield
[High Estimate of
Discount Yield]
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%
Class [__] [__]% [__]% [__]%

 

Determination of Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments for Interest-Only Certificates. Based on the range of Assumed Certificate Coupons determined for the Principal Balance Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the range of Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments in each scenario for each class of Interest-Only Certificates based on difference between the WAC Rate in effect from time to time, over the Pass-Through Rate or the weighted average of the Pass-Through Rate(s), as applicable, of the Underlying Class(es) of Principal Balance Certificates upon which the Notional Amount of such class of Interest-Only Certificates is based

 

Determination of Interest-Only Expected Price. Based on the Discount Yield and the Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments for each class of Interest-Only Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the price (the “Interest-Only Expected Price”) expressed as a percent of the Notional Amount of such Class by determining the net present value of the Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments discounted at the related Discount Yield. The Retaining Sponsor determined the Interest-Only Expected Price for each class of Interest-Only Certificates based on the low estimate and high estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupons for the Principal Balance Certificates and the resulting Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments due to the Interest-Only Certificates in each scenario. Lower Assumed Certificate Coupons on the Principal Balance Certificates result in an increase in the Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments to the Interest-Only Certificates and therefore a higher Interest-Only Expected Price, and higher Assumed Certificate Coupons on the Principal Balance Certificates result in a decrease in the Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments to the Interest-Only Certificates and therefore a lower Interest-Only Expected Price.

 

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Yield Priced Principal Balance Certificates:

 

The Yield Priced Principal Balance Certificates include each class of Control Eligible Certificates expected to be acquired by the Third Party Purchaser, and the valuation of each such class of Control Eligible Certificates was based on the price (based on a targeted discount yield of [_]% for each class of Control Eligible Certificates, the Modeling Assumptions and 0% CPY) each as agreed to among the Sponsors and the Retaining Party (the “Yield Priced Expected Price” and, together with the Swap Priced Expected Price and the Interest-Only Expected Price, the “Expected Prices”), expressed as a percent of the Certificate Balance of that class

 

Determination of Class Size. The sponsor determined the Certificate Balance of each class of Control Eligible Certificates in the same manner described above in “- Determination of Class Size”.

 

Weighted Average Life of Certificates. On the basis of the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments, the Retaining Sponsor calculated the weighted average life for each class of Swap Priced Principal Balance Certificates (based on 0% CPR), Interest-Only Certificates (based on 100% CPY and subject to the Cleanup Call), and Control Eligible Certificates (based on 0% CPY).

 

Calculation of Fair Value of All Certificates

 

Fair Value of the [Non-VRR] Certificates (other than the Class [ARD] and Class R Certificates)

 

Based on the Expected Prices, the Retaining Sponsor determined the fair value of each class of certificates (other than the Class [ARD] and Class R certificates) by multiplying the Expected Price by the related Certificate Balance or Notional Amount.

 

[Fair Value of VRR Interest.

 

The sponsors determined the fair value of the VRR Interest by (i) calculating the aggregate fair value of all of the certificates (other than the Class R Certificates), (ii) multiplying such aggregate fair value by the Risk Retention Allocation Factor and, (iii) based on the assumption that the restrictions on liquidity (as described under “—Hedging, Transfer and Financing Restrictions” above) constitute an embedded characteristic of the VRR Interest rather than an entity specific restriction, applying a liquidity discount. The sponsors determined the range of fair values for the VRR Interest based on the low estimate and high estimate of the calculation set forth in clause (i).]

 

[Fair Value of the Class [ARD] Certificates

 

The Retaining Sponsor determined that the Class [ARD] certificates have a fair value equal to zero based on the fact that there is a low probability of Excess Interest being received, and if received, it would be received near the stated maturity date of the related Mortgage Loan. Accordingly, there is no market for the Class [ARD] certificates.]

 

Range of Fair Values

 

Based on the Expected Prices and the fair value of the Class [ARD] certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the fair value or range of fair values set forth in the table below for each class of certificates (other than the Class R certificates). For the “Base Case Fair Value”, the Retaining Sponsor determined the fair value of the related class of certificates by multiplying the relevant Expected Price by the Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, of such class of certificates. For the “High Estimate of Fair Value”, the Retaining Sponsor determined the fair value for the related class of certificates by multiplying the relevant Expected Price by the high estimate Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, of such class of certificates. For the “Low Estimate of Fair Value”, the Retaining Sponsor determined the fair value of the related class of certificates by multiplying the relevant Expected Price by the low estimate Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, of such class of certificates.

 

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Range of Fair Values
Class of
Certificates
High Estimate of
Fair Value
Base Case
Fair Value
Low Estimate of
Fair Value
Class [__] $[__] $[__] $[__]
Class [__] $[__] $[__] $[__]
Class [__] $[__] $[__] $[__]
Class [__] $[__] $[__] $[__]
Class [__] $[__] $[__] $[__]

 

The estimated range of fair value for all the certificates (other than the Class R certificates) is approximately $[_] to $[_].

 

Hedging, Transfer and Financing Restrictions

 

The Third Party Purchaser will agree to certain hedging, transfer and financing restrictions that are applicable to a “third-party purchaser” (as defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules).

 

These restrictions will include an agreement by the Third Party Purchaser not to transfer the Class [_] Certificates until the date that is 5 years after the Closing Date (other than to a majority-owned affiliate of as permitted under the Credit Risk Retention Rules). On and after that date, the Third Party Purchaser will be permitted to transfer the eligible horizontal residual interest to a qualifying successor third-party purchaser as long as the Third Party Purchaser satisfies all applicable provisions of the Credit Risk Retention Rules.

 

The Third Party Purchaser has agreed that the restrictions described under this heading “Hedging, Transfer and Financing Restrictions” will expire on the date that is the earlier of (a) the latest of (i) the date on which the total unpaid principal balance of the Mortgage Loans has been reduced to 33% of the Initial Pool Balance; (ii) the date on which the sum of the total outstanding Certificate Balance of the certificates has been reduced to 33% of the sum of the total outstanding Certificate Balance of the certificates as of the Closing Date; and (iii) two years after the Closing Date; and (b) such date on which the Credit Risk Retention Rules cease to require the retention of risk with respect to the securitization of the Mortgage Loans contemplated by the PSA, resulting from the repeal, amendment or modification of all or any applicable portion of the Credit Risk Retention Rules.

 

Operating Advisor

 

The operating advisor for the transaction is [NAME OF OPERATING ADVISOR], a [FORM OF ORGANIZATION]. As described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Operating Advisor”, the Operating Advisor will, in general and under certain circumstances described in this prospectus, have the following responsibilities with respect to the Serviced Mortgage Loans:

 

review the actions of the special servicer with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and, for so long as an Operating Advisor Consultation Event exists, with respect to Major Decisions relating to Serviced Mortgage Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans;

 

review reports provided by the special servicer to the extent set forth in the PSA;

 

review for accuracy certain calculations made by the special servicer; and

 

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issue an annual report generally setting forth, among other things, its assessment of the special servicer’s performance of its duties under the PSA with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and whether the special servicer is operating in compliance with the Servicing Standard.

 

In addition, if the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that (i) the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard and (ii) the replacement of the special servicer would be in the best interest of the Certificateholders as a collective whole, the operating advisor will have the right to recommend the replacement of the special servicer with respect to the Serviced Mortgage Loans. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause” and “—Operating Advisor—Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer”.

 

Further, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the operating advisor will be required to consult with the master servicer and special servicer with respect to Major Decisions in respect of the applicable Serviced Mortgage Loan(s) and/or related Companion Loan(s). The operating advisor will generally have no obligations or consultation rights as operating advisor under the PSA for this transaction with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan or any related REO Property; provided, that the operating advisor may have limited consultation rights with a Non-Serviced Special Servicer pursuant to the PSA. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and the Asset Representations Reviewer” and “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Operating Advisor”.

 

The Operating Advisor is required to be an Eligible Operating Advisor. For further information regarding the operating advisor, a description of how the operating advisor satisfies the requirements of an Eligible Operating Advisor, a description of the material terms of the PSA with respect to the operating advisor, the operating advisor’s compensation, and any material conflicts of interest or material potential conflicts of interest between the operating advisor and another party to this securitization transaction, see “Risk Factors—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Operating Advisor”, “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer” and “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses—Operating Advisor Compensation” and “—The Operating Advisor”.

 

The disclosures set forth in this prospectus under the headings referenced in the preceding paragraph are hereby incorporated by reference in this “Credit Risk Retention—Operating Advisor” section.

 

Representations and Warranties

 

MSMCH will make the representations and warranties identified on Annex D-1, subject to certain exceptions to such representations and warranties set forth in Annex D-2. [INSERT APPLICABLE FACTORS USED BY MSMCH TO INCLUDE THE MORTGAGE LOANS IDENTIFIED ON ANNEX D-2 FOR WHICH EXCEPTIONS WERE MADE TO CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, NOTWITHSTANDING THAT THE MORTGAGE LOANS DID NOT COMPLY WITH THE INDICATED REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.]

 

[Qualifying CRE Loans

 

IF APPLICABLE, DISCLOSURE WILL INCLUDE (1) A DESCRIPTION OF THE MANNER IN WHICH THE SPONSOR DETERMINED THE AGGREGATE RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENT AFTER INCLUDING QUALIFYING CRE LOANS AND (2) DESCRIPTIONS OF THE QUALIFYING CRE LOANS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS THAT ARE NOT QUALIFYING CRE LOANS, AND (3) THE MATERIAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO GROUPS OF LOANS WITH RESPECT TO COMPOSITION OF EACH GROUP’S LOAN BALANCES, LOAN TERMS, INTEREST RATES, BORROWER CREDIT INFORMATION, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ANY LOAN COLLATERAL.]

 

[The sponsor has determined that [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance (the “Qualifying CRE Loan Percentage”) are comprised of mortgage loans that are Qualifying CRE Loans under Regulation RR of

 

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the Securities Act. See Annex A-1 for the identity of mortgage loans that are Qualifying CRE Loans and those that are Non-Qualifying CRE Loans.]

 

[The total required credit risk retention percentage (the “Required Credit Risk Retention Percentage”) for this transaction is [__]%. The Required Credit Risk Retention Percentage is equal to the product of the Qualifying CRE Loan Percentage and 5%. [IF MORE THAN 50% OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS ARE QUALIFYING CRE LOANS, THE QUALIFYING CRE LOAN PERCENTAGE WILL EQUAL 50%]]

 

[EACH SPONSOR WILL PROVIDE ANY REQUIRED POST-CLOSING DISCLOSURE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS BY FILING THAT INFORMATION ON FORM 8-K WITHIN A REASONABLE PERIOD OF TIME AFTER THE CLOSING OF ANY SECURITIZATION.]

 

[The table below presents the material characteristics of the Qualifying CRE Loans and the corresponding characteristics for each Non-Qualifying CRE Loans that did not satisfy the applicable underwriting standard under Regulation RR.]

 

Underwriting Standard for
Qualifying CRE Loans
Qualified CRE Loans Non-Qualified CRE Loans
     
     
     

 

[SIMILAR INFORMATION WILL BE PROVIDED FOR OTHER MORTGAGE LOAN SELLERS THAT ARE SPONSORS. INFORMATION FOR OTHER MORTGAGE LOAN SELLERS/ORIGINATORS THAT ARE NOT SPONSORS WILL OTHERWISE COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF REGULATION AB]

 

[THE DEPOSITOR WILL FILE THE CERTIFICATION RELATING TO QUALIFYING CRE LOANS IF IT INTENDS TO USE THE EXEMPTION UNDER THE RISK RETENTION RULES.]

 

[Disclosure if the sponsor intends to retain a vertical interest in the transaction THAT IS A “SINGLE VERTICAL SECURITY”:]

 

[VRR Interest

 

General

 

The right to payment of holders of the VRR Interest is pro rata and pari passu with the right to payment of holders of the certificates (as a collective whole). On each Distribution Date, the portion of Aggregate Available Funds allocable to (a) the VRR Interest will be the product of such Aggregate Available Funds multiplied by the Vertically Retained Percentage, and (b) the certificates will be the product of such Aggregate Available Funds multiplied by the Non-Vertically Retained Percentage. In addition, any losses incurred on the Mortgage Loans will be allocated between the VRR Interest, on the one hand, and the certificates, on the other hand, pro rata in accordance with the Vertically Retained Percentage and the Non-Vertically Retained Percentage, respectively.

 

Retained Certificate Available Funds

 

The amount available for distribution to the holders of the VRR Interest on each Distribution Date will, in general, equal the sum of (i) the Vertically Retained Percentage of the Aggregate Available Funds (described under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Available Funds”) for such Distribution

 

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Date and (ii) the VRR Interest Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount for such Distribution Date (such amount, the “VRR Interest Available Funds”).

 

The “Non-Vertically Retained Percentage” is 100% minus the Vertically Retained Percentage.

 

The “Vertically Retained Percentage” is equal to a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the initial Certificate Balance of the VRR Interest, and the denominator of which is the sum of (i) the aggregate initial Certificate Balance of all of the classes of Principal Balance Certificates and (ii) the initial Certificate Balance of the VRR Interest.

 

The “VRR Interest Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount” for each Distribution Date will be equal to the lesser of (i) the amount on deposit in the VRR Interest Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account on such Distribution Date, and (ii) the Vertically Retained Percentage of the Aggregate Gain-on-Sale Entitlement Amount (described under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Available Funds”).

 

Priority of Distributions

 

On each Distribution Date, for so long as the Certificate Balance of the VRR Interest has not been reduced to zero, the certificate administrator is required to apply amounts on deposit in the Distribution Account, to the extent of the VRR Interest Available Funds, in the following order of priority:

 

First, to the VRR Interest, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the VRR Interest Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date;

 

Second, to the VRR Interest, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the VRR Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, until the Certificate Balance of the VRR Interest has been reduced to zero; and

 

Third, to the VRR Interest, up to an amount equal to the product of (A) the Vertical Risk Retention Allocation Percentage and (B) the aggregate amount of reimbursed Realized Losses and interest thereon distributed to the holders of the Principal Balance Certificates pursuant to clauses [list appropriate realized loss reimbursement distribution clauses] in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” in this prospectus;

 

provided, that to the extent any VRR Interest Available Funds remain in the Distribution Account after applying amounts as set forth in clauses First through Third above, any such amounts will be disbursed to the Class R certificates, as the REMIC residual interest, in compliance with the Code and applicable REMIC Regulations. The REMIC residual interest, sometimes commonly referred to as a “non-economic residual”, is a tax-based certificate required to be issued as part of any REMIC securitization and the holder of that interest will incur any tax liability of the REMIC trust.  The REMIC residual interest is not entitled to any interest or principal in the securitization trust; however, REMIC Regulations require that the amount, if any, remaining in a REMIC trust after all amounts are paid to the regular interests be paid to the REMIC residual interest.

 

The VRR Interest will not have a specified pass-through rate (other than for tax reporting purposes), but the effective interest rate on the VRR Interest will be a per annum rate equal to the WAC Rate for the related Distribution Date.

 

The “VRR Interest Distribution Amount” with respect to any Distribution Date and the VRR Interest will equal the product of (A) the Vertical Risk Retention Allocation Percentage and (B) the aggregate amount of interest distributed on the Regular Certificates according to clauses [list appropriate interest distribution clauses] in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” in this prospectus.

 

The “VRR Principal Distribution Amount” with respect to any Distribution Date and the VRR Interest will equal the product of (a) the Vertical Risk Retention Allocation Percentage and (b) the aggregate amount of principal distributed on the Principal Balance Certificates according to clauses [list appropriate principal distribution clauses] in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” in this prospectus.

 

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The “Vertical Risk Retention Allocation Percentage” will equal the Vertically Retained Percentage divided by the Non-Vertically Retained Percentage.

 

Allocation of VRR Interest Realized Losses

 

The certificate administrator will be required to allocate any VRR Interest Realized Losses to the VRR Interest in reduction of the Certificate Balance.

 

The “VRR Interest Realized Loss” with respect to any Distribution Date is the amount, if any, by which (i) the product of (A) the Vertically Retained Percentage and (B) the aggregate Stated Principal Balance (for purposes of this calculation only, not giving effect to any reductions of the Stated Principal Balance for payments of principal collected on the Mortgage Loans that were used to reimburse any Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts to the extent such Workout-Delayed Reimburse Amounts are not otherwise determined to be Nonrecoverable Advances) of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Loans (excluding any portion allocable to the related Companion Loan, if applicable) expected to be outstanding immediately following such Distribution Date, is less than (ii) the Certificate Balance of the VRR Interest after giving effect to distributions of principal on such Distribution Date.

 

Excess Interest

 

On each Distribution Date, the certificate administrator is required to distribute a portion of any Excess Interest received with respect to an ARD Loan on or prior to the related Determination Date to the holders of the VRR Interest in an amount equal to the Vertically Retained Percentage of such Excess Interest distributable to all Certificates (including the VRR Interest). Excess Interest will not be available to make distributions to any other class of certificates (other than the Class [ARD] certificates as described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Excess Interest”) or to provide credit support for other classes of certificates or offset any interest shortfalls or to pay any other amounts to any other party under the PSA.

 

Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium

 

On each Distribution Date, the certificate administrator is required to distribute to the holders of the VRR Interest the Vertically Retained Percentage of any Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium received on or prior to the related Determination Date, as described in “Description of the Certificates—Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums”.]

 

[ANY TERM DEFINED IN THIS SECTION AND RELATED TO THE VRR INTEREST AND USED IN THE PROSPECTUS WILL ONLY APPLY IN transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST THAT IS A “SINGLE VERTICAL SECURITY”]

 

[EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement]

 

On the Closing Date, the Retaining Parties will enter into the EU/UK Credit Risk Retention Agreement with the depositor, the issuing entity, the trustee and the certificate administrator, pursuant to which each such Retaining Party will agree and covenant for the benefit of the issuing entity, the depositor, the trustee and each other Retaining Party, for so long as any certificates remain outstanding:

 

(a)          on the understanding that it is an “originator” (for purposes of the Securitization Regulation and Due Diligence Requirements) in respect of the Mortgage Loans that it is selling (in the case of Morgan Stanley Bank, through its affiliate MSMCH) to the depositor, to hold and retain, on an ongoing basis, a material net economic interest in the securitization transaction described in this prospectus in the form specified in Article 6(3)(a) of each Securitization Regulation (as in effect as of the Closing Date) as supplemented by (i) Article 5(1)(c) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 625/2014 or, as applicable, (ii) Article 5(1)(c) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 625/2014 as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA (in each case, as in effect as of the Closing Date), which (in each case) has the effect that a retention in the form specified in Article

 

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6(3)(a) of the relevant Securitization Regulation may be achieved by retention of a vertical tranche which has a nominal value of no less than 5% of the total nominal value of all the issued tranches of Certificates, such material net economic interest comprising the RR Interest (the “EU/UK Retention Covenant”);

 

(b)       neither it nor any of its affiliates will hedge or otherwise mitigate its credit risk in respect of, or sell, transfer or otherwise surrender all or part of its rights, benefits or obligations arising under or associated with, the RR Interest (including in connection with the entry into of any financing arrangements), except in accordance with the SR Rules (as in effect as of the relevant date) (the “EU/UK Hedging Covenant”);

 

(c)       subject to any regulatory requirements, (i) it will provide, on a confidential basis, such information as may reasonably be required to enable any Applicable Investor to satisfy any requirements of Article 5 of the applicable Securitization Regulation; provided that such Retaining Party will not be in breach of this covenant if it fails to comply due to events, actions and circumstances beyond its control, and (ii) it will provide to the Issuing Entity, on a confidential basis, information in the possession of such Retaining Party relating to its holding of the VRR Interest, at the cost and expense of the party seeking such information, and to the extent the same under sub-clause (i) or (ii) of this paragraph is not subject to a duty of confidentiality, at any time prior to the maturity of the Certificates; provided, in each case, that such Retaining Party shall not be required to produce any information or disclosure for the purpose of Article 7 of either Securitization Regulation, or to take any other action in accordance with, or in a manner contemplated by, Article 7 of either Securitization Regulation (including for purposes of any person’s compliance with Article 5(1)(e) of the EU Securitization Regulation or Article 5(1)(f) of the UK Securitization Regulation);

 

(d)       to confirm to the issuing entity, the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee and each other Retaining Party, in each case in writing (which may be by way of email), its continued compliance with the EU/UK Retention Covenant and the EU/UK Hedging Covenant upon the request of the issuing entity, the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee or any other Retaining Party, including without limitation, in the event of (i) a material change in the performance of the certificates or the risk characteristics of the certificates or of the Mortgage Loans and (ii) a breach of the obligations of any party to the PSA or any mortgage loan purchase agreement; and

 

(e)       to notify promptly, in writing (which may be by way of email), the issuing entity, the trustee, the certificate administrator and each other Retaining Party if for any reason (i) it ceases to comply with the EU/UK Retention Covenant in any respect, (ii) it fails to comply with the EU/UK Hedging Covenant in any respect, (iii) it fails to comply with the covenant set out in clause (c) above in any material respect, or (iv) any of its representations and warranties contained in the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement were untrue on the date given;

 

provided that, if any SR Rules are either repealed and not replaced or determined by applicable regulatory authorities to be not or no longer applicable in respect of the securitization described in this prospectus, each Retaining Party will cease to be under any obligations under the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement to the extent that such obligations relate to, or are undertaken in connection with, the affected SR Rules.

 

Under the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement, each Retaining Party will represent and warrant to the issuing entity, the depositor, the trustee and each other Retaining Party that:

 

(a)       in relation to its related Mortgage Loans, either (i) such Retaining Party either itself or through related entities, directly or indirectly, was involved in the original agreement which created the Mortgage Loans that it will sell (in the case of Morgan Stanley Bank, through its affiliate MSMCH) to the depositor, within the meaning of Article 2(3)(a) of each Securitization Regulation (as in effect as of the Closing Date); or (ii) such Retaining Party purchased the Mortgage Loans that it is selling (in the case of Morgan Stanley Bank, through its affiliate MSMCH) to the depositor for its own account prior to selling it to the depositor, within the meaning of Article 2(3)(b) of each Securitization Regulation (as in effect as of the Closing Date); and

 

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(b)       the principal amount of the Mortgage Loans originated and sold (in the case of Morgan Stanley Bank, through its affiliate MSMCH) by such Retaining Party to the depositor is equal to the amount of the Certificate Balance of the VRR Interest specified as to be acquired and retained by such Retaining Party under “—General” above, as a percentage of the aggregate Certificate Balance of the VRR Interest.

 

For purposes of the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement (and each reference thereto in this prospectus):

 

Applicable Investor” means, at any time, any holder of any Certificate, or any holder of a beneficial interest in any Certificate, that is itself, or is managed by an institution that is, subject to either Securitization Regulation (as in effect at the relevant time) in respect of the holding of such Certificate or beneficial interest.

 

EU Securitization Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 (as amended by Regulation (EU) 2021/557) and, except as otherwise stated, means such Regulation as further amended from time to time.

 

EU SR Rules” means the EU Securitization Regulation, together with (i) any supplementary regulatory technical standards or implementing technical standards, (ii) any official guidance published in relation thereto by the European Banking Authority, the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority or the European Securities and Markets Authority (including, in each case, any successor or replacement organization thereto), and (iii) any implementing laws or regulations (all, except as otherwise stated, as amended from time to time).

 

Securitization Regulations” means the EU Securitization Regulation and the UK Securitization Regulation; references to “each Securitization Regulation” or “either Securitization Regulation” shall be construed accordingly; and a reference to “the applicable Securitization Regulation” means, in relation to any Applicable Investor, the Securitization Regulation to which such Applicable Investor (or the relevant managing institution) is subject.

 

SR Rules” means the EU SR Rules and the UK SR Rules.

 

UK Securitization Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/2402, as it forms part of the domestic law of the United Kingdom by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, and as amended (including by the Securitisation (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019) (and, except as otherwise stated, means such Regulation as further amended from time to time).

 

UK SR Rules” means the UK Securitization Regulation, together with (i) any related technical standards, (ii) any official guidance published (or otherwise applicable) in relation thereto, and (iii) any implementing laws or regulations (all, except as otherwise stated, as amended from time to time).

 

The issuing entity, the depositor and the trustee will each be party to the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement solely for the purposes of obtaining the benefit of the representations, warranties and covenants contained therein and under no circumstances will any of them be deemed to have undertaken any obligations thereunder or by virtue of their entry into the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement.

 

Under the PSA, the certificate administrator will include in each Distribution Date Statement a statement that there is available on the website of the certificate administrator information regarding ongoing compliance by each of the Retaining Parties with the EU/UK Retention Covenant and the EU/UK Hedging Covenant. Such information will be posted on the “EU Risk Retention” tab (or any related sub-tab) of the certificate administrator’s website, and will include the following statements provided to it by the applicable Retaining Party: (a)(i) the initial Certificate Balance of the portion of the VRR Interest of which such Retaining Party is the registered holder and whether such amount matches that amount which such Retaining Party has committed to retain under the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement; and (b)(i) unless such Retaining Party has provided notice to the contrary, a statement (without verification) that such Retaining Party is complying with the EU/UK Retention Covenant and the EU/UK Hedging

 

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Covenant; and (ii) in the case that the certificate administrator has received a notification that the applicable Retaining Party has failed to comply with the EU/UK Retention Covenant or the EU/UK Hedging Covenant, a statement of such non-compliance and all details in relation to the same contained in such notification. Additionally, under the PSA, the certificate administrator will be required to make available to investors the information as described under “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information” in this prospectus; however, these information requirements are not being structured so as to ensure compliance by any person with Article 7 of either Securitization Regulation (or any equivalent or similar requirements).

 

Each prospective investor in the Offered Certificates that is subject to the SR Rules or to any equivalent or similar requirements should consult with its own legal, accounting, regulatory and other advisors and/or any relevant regulator to determine whether, and to what extent, the representations and agreements to be made by each of the Retaining Parties in the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement, and any other information set out in this prospectus generally and, after the Closing Date, in any statement or report that may be made available to holders of the Offered Certificates as described under “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information” in this prospectus, are or is, or will be, sufficient for the purpose of enabling such investor to comply with any SR Rules or any equivalent or similar requirements. Any such prospective investor is required to independently assess and determine the sufficiency of such representations, agreements and information. None of the depositor, the issuing entity, any Retaining Party, any mortgage loan seller, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the master servicers, the special servicers, any borrower, any underwriter, any other party to the transactions contemplated by this prospectus, or their respective affiliates (i) makes any representation, warranty or guarantee that any such representations and agreements, or any such information, are or is, or will be, sufficient in all circumstances for the purpose of enabling an investor to comply with the requirements of any SR Investor Requirements, or any other applicable legal, regulatory or other requirements; (ii) will have any liability to any prospective investor or any other person with respect to any insufficiency of such representations, agreements or information, or any failure of the transactions contemplated hereby to comply with or otherwise satisfy the requirements of the SR Rules, or any other applicable legal, regulatory or other requirements; or (iii) will have any obligation with respect to the SR Rules, other than the specific obligations undertaken and/or representations made, by each of the Retaining Parties under the EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement. Prospective investors should consider the discussion in “Risk Factors—General Risk FactorsLegal and Regulatory Provisions Affecting Investors Could Adversely Affect the Liquidity of the Offered Certificates”.

 

Description of the Certificates

 

General

 

The certificates will be issued pursuant to a pooling and servicing agreement, among the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer (the “PSA”) and will represent in the aggregate the entire ownership interest in the issuing entity. The assets of the issuing entity will consist of: (1) the Mortgage Loans, the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and all payments under and proceeds of the Mortgage Loans and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan received after the Cut-off Date (exclusive of payments of principal and/or interest due on or before the Cut-off Date and interest relating to periods prior to, but due after, the Cut-off Date); (2) any REO Property but, with respect to any Whole Loan, only to the extent of the issuing entity’s interest in such Whole Loan; (3) those funds or assets as from time to time are deposited in the accounts discussed in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Accounts” (such accounts collectively, the “Securitization Accounts”) (but, with respect to any Whole Loan, only to the extent of the issuing entity’s interest in such Whole Loan), if established; (4) the rights of the mortgagee under all insurance policies with respect to its Mortgage Loans; and (5) certain rights of the depositor under each MLPA relating to Mortgage Loan document delivery requirements and the representations and warranties of each mortgage loan seller regarding the Mortgage Loans it sold to the depositor.

 

The Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series [SERIES DESIGNATION] will consist of the following classes: the [SENIOR CLASSES], [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES], Class [EC], Class [A],

 

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Class [B], and Class [C], [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS], Class R, and Class [ARD] certificates [and the VRR Interest]. [THERE MAY BE OTHER CLASSES REPRESENTING ENTITLEMENTS TO PRINCIPAL AND/OR INTEREST, AND/OR OTHER CASH FLOW PAID BY THE BORROWERS OR THE ISSUING ENTITY, SUCH AS: (1) CLASSES THAT PROVIDE FOR THE ACCRUAL OF INTEREST AT A FIXED RATE, VARIABLE RATE OR ADJUSTABLE RATE; (2) CLASSES THAT ARE SENIOR OR SUBORDINATE TO ONE OR MORE OTHER CLASSES IN ENTITLEMENT TO CERTAIN DISTRIBUTIONS ON THE CERTIFICATES; (3) CLASSES THAT ARE PRINCIPAL ONLY CERTIFICATES ENTITLED TO DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRINCIPAL, WITH DISPROPORTIONATELY SMALL, NOMINAL OR NO DISTRIBUTIONS OF INTEREST; (4) CLASSES THAT ARE INTEREST ONLY CERTIFICATES ENTITLED TO DISTRIBUTIONS OF INTEREST, WITH DISPROPORTIONATELY SMALL, NOMINAL OR NO DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRINCIPAL; (5) CLASSES THAT PROVIDE FOR DISTRIBUTIONS OF INTEREST ON, OR PRINCIPAL OF, THOSE CERTIFICATES THAT COMMENCE ONLY AFTER THE OCCURRENCE OF CERTAIN EVENTS, SUCH AS THE RETIREMENT OF ONE OR MORE OTHER CLASSES OF CERTIFICATES OF THAT SERIES; (6) CLASSES THAT PROVIDE FOR DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRINCIPAL OF THOSE CERTIFICATES TO BE MADE, FROM TIME TO TIME OR FOR DESIGNATED PERIODS, AT A RATE THAT IS FASTER, AND, IN SOME CASES, SUBSTANTIALLY FASTER, OR SLOWER, AND, IN SOME CASES, SUBSTANTIALLY SLOWER, THAN THE RATE AT WHICH PAYMENTS OR OTHER COLLECTIONS OF PRINCIPAL ARE RECEIVED ON THE MORTGAGE LOANS; (7) CLASSES THAT PROVIDE FOR CONTROLLED DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRINCIPAL TO BE MADE BASED ON A SPECIFIED PAYMENT SCHEDULE OR OTHER METHODOLOGY, SUBJECT TO AVAILABLE FUNDS; (8) CLASSES AS TO WHICH ACCRUED INTEREST IS ADDED TO THE PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THE CLASS FOR A PERIOD OF TIME; (9) CLASSES THAT provide for distributions based on collections of Prepayment Premiums on the mortgage LOANS; AND/OR (10) CLASSES THAT PROVIDE FOR DISTRIBUTIONS BASED ON COLLECTIONS FROM ONE OR MORE MORTGAGE LOANS COMPRISING A PARTICULAR LOAN GROUP, WHICH DISTRIBUTIONS MAY BE BASED SOLELY ON A PARTICULAR LOAN GROUP OR MAY BE BASED INITIALLY ON COLLECTIONS ON A PARTICULAR LOAN GROUP PRIOR TO CERTAIN TRIGGER EVENTS, AND THEN BASED ON COLLECTION ON ANOTHER LOAN GROUP.]

 

The [SENIOR CLASSES] certificates (other than the Class [__] certificates) and the certificates with a notional amount are referred to collectively in this prospectus as the “Senior Certificates”. The [SUBORDINATE CLASSES] certificates are referred to collectively in this prospectus as the “Subordinate Certificates”. The certificates other than the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates are referred to in this prospectus as the “Pooled Certificates”. The Class R certificates are sometimes referred to in this prospectus as the “Residual Certificates”. The Senior Certificates and the Subordinate Certificates are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “Regular Certificates”. The Senior Certificates (other than the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates) and the Subordinate Certificates are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “Principal Balance Certificates”. The [IDENTIFY OFFERED CLASSES] certificates are also referred to in this prospectus as the “Offered Certificates”. The Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “Exchangeable Certificates”.

 

Upon initial issuance, the Principal Balance Certificates, the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates will have the respective Certificate Balances (or, in the case of the respective classes of Exchangeable Certificates, the maximum Certificate Balances), and the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates will have the respective Notional Amounts, shown below (in each case, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%):

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Class

 

Initial Certificate Balance or
Notional Amount

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

The Exchangeable Certificates may be exchanged for Class [EC] certificates, and Class [EC] certificates may be exchanged for the Exchangeable Certificates.

 

(2)

On the closing date, the issuing entity will issue the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] Trust Components, which will have outstanding principal balances on the closing date of $[_______], $[_______] and $[_______], respectively. The Exchangeable Certificates will, at all times, represent undivided beneficial ownership interests in the portion of a grantor trust that will hold such Trust Components. Each of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates and Class [EC] certificates will, at all times, represent a beneficial interest in a percentage of the outstanding principal balance of the Class [A], Class [B] and/or Class [C] Trust Components. Following any exchange of Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates for Class [EC] certificates or any exchange of Class [EC] certificates for Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates, the percentage interests of the outstanding principal balances of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] Trust Components that is represented by the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates will be increased or decreased accordingly. The initial Certificate Balance of each class of Exchangeable Certificates shown in the table on the cover page of this prospectus, in the table above and on the back cover of this prospectus represents the maximum Certificate Balance of such class without giving effect to any issuance of Class [EC] certificates. The initial Certificate Balance of the Class [EC] certificates shown in the table on the cover page of this prospectus, in the table above and on the back cover of this prospectus is equal to the aggregate of the maximum initial Certificate Balances of the Exchangeable Certificates, representing the maximum Certificate Balance of the Class [EC] certificates that could be issued in an exchange. The actual Certificate Balance of any class of Exchangeable Certificates issued on the closing date may be less than the maximum Certificate Balance of that class and may be zero. The Certificate Balances of the Exchangeable Certificates to be issued on the closing date will be reduced, in required proportions, by an amount equal to the Certificate Balance of the Class [EC] certificates issued on the closing date. The initial Certificate Balance of any Trust Component will equal the initial Certificate Balance of the class of Exchangeable Certificates having the same alphabetical designation without regard to any exchange of such certificates for Class [EC] certificates.

 

The “Certificate Balance” of any class of Principal Balance Certificates, any Trust Component, the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, as applicable, outstanding at any time represents the maximum amount that its holders (or, in the case of a Trust Component, the holders of Exchangeable Certificates evidencing an interest in that Trust Component) are entitled to receive as distributions allocable to principal from the cash flow on the Mortgage Loans and the other assets in the issuing entity, all as described in this prospectus. On each Distribution Date, the Certificate Balance of each class of Principal Balance Certificates, each Trust Component and the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, as applicable, will be reduced by any distributions of principal actually made on, and by any Realized Losses actually allocated to, that class of Principal Balance Certificates, that Trust Component or [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, as applicable, on that Distribution Date. In the event that Realized Losses previously allocated to a class of Principal Balance Certificates (exclusive of the Exchangeable Certificates), Trust Component (and, therefore, the applicable Exchangeable Certificates) or [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, as applicable, in reduction of its Certificate Balance are recovered subsequent to such Certificate Balance being reduced to zero, holders of such class or Principal Balance Certificates or [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates (of Exchangeable Certificates evidencing an interest in such Trust Component) may receive distributions in respect of such recoveries

 

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in accordance with the distribution priorities described under “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” below. “Trust Component” means any of the Class [A] Trust Component, Class [B] Trust Component or Class [C] Trust Component.

 

Class [A] Percentage Interest” means, the quotient of the Certificate Balance of the Class [A] Certificates divided by the Certificate Balance of the Class [A] Trust Component. As of the closing date, the Class [A] Percentage Interest will be 100.0%.

 

Class [A] Trust Component” means an interest issued as a regular interest in the Upper-Tier REMIC with a Pass-Through Rate equal to [_____]% per annum. The Class [A] Certificates will represent beneficial ownership of the Class [A] Percentage Interest of the Class [A] Trust Component, and the Class [EC] certificates will represent beneficial ownership of, among other things, the Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest of the Class [A] Trust Component. The Class [A] Trust Component will be held in the Grantor Trust.

 

Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest” means 100.0% minus the Class [A] Percentage Interest. As of the closing date, the Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest will be 0.0%.

 

Class [B] Percentage Interest” means, the quotient of the Certificate Balance of the Class [B] certificates divided by the Certificate Balance of the Class [B] Trust Component. As of the closing date, the Class [B] Percentage Interest will be 100.0%.

 

Class [B] Trust Component” means an interest issued as a regular interest in the Upper-Tier REMIC with a Pass-Through Rate equal to a per annum rate equal to the lesser of [____]% and the WAC Rate. The Class [B] certificates will represent beneficial ownership of the Class [B] Percentage Interest of the Class [B] Trust Component, and the Class [EC] certificates will represent beneficial ownership of, among other things, the Class [B]-Exchange Percentage Interest of the Class [B] Trust Component. The Class [B] Trust Component will be held in the Grantor Trust.

 

Class [B]-Exchange Percentage Interest” means 100.0% minus the Class [B] Percentage Interest. As of the closing date, the Class [B]-Exchange Percentage Interest will be 0.0%.

 

Class [C] Percentage Interest” means, the quotient of the Certificate Balance of the Class [C] certificates divided by the Certificate Balance of the Class [C] Trust Component. As of the closing date, the Class [C] Percentage Interest will be 100.0%.

 

Class [C] Trust Component” means an interest issued as a regular interest in the Upper-Tier REMIC with a Pass-Through Rate equal to a per annum rate equal to the WAC Rate. The Class [EC] certificates will represent beneficial ownership of the Class [C] Percentage Interest of the Class [C] Trust Component, and the Class [C] certificates will represent beneficial ownership of, among other things, the Class [C]-Exchange Percentage Interest of the Class [C] Trust Component. The Class [C] Trust Component will be held in the Grantor Trust.

 

Class [C]-Exchange Percentage Interest” means 100.0% minus the Class [C] Percentage Interest. As of the closing date, the Class [C]-Exchange Percentage Interest will be 0.0%.

 

Class [EC] Component” means any of the Class [EC] Component [A], Class [EC] Component [B] or Class [EC] Component [C].

 

Class [EC] Component [A]”  means the portion of the Class [A] Trust Component equal to the Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest of the Class [A] Trust Component.

 

Class [EC] Component [B]” means the portion of the Class [B] Trust Component equal to the Class [B]-Exchange Percentage Interest of the Class [B] Trust Component.

 

Class [EC] Component [C]” means the portion of the Class [C] Trust Component equal to the Class [C]-Exchange Percentage Interest of the Class [C] Trust Component.

 

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The Residual Certificates will not have a Certificate Balance or entitle their holders to distributions of principal or interest.

 

The [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates will not have Certificate Balances, nor will they entitle their holders to distributions of principal, but the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates will represent the right to receive distributions of interest in an amount equal to the aggregate interest accrued on their respective notional amounts (each, a “Notional Amount”). The Notional Amount of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates will equal the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [__] and Class [__] certificates and the Class [__] Trust Component. The initial Notional Amount of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates will be approximately $[_______]. The Notional Amount of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates will equal the Certificate Balance of the Class [__] certificates and the Class [__] and Class [__] Trust Components.

 

The Class [ARD] certificates will not have a Certificate Balance nor will they entitle their holders to distributions of principal, but the Class [ARD] certificates will represent the right to receive [a portion of the] Excess Interest received on any ARD Loan.

 

Excess Interest” with respect to the ARD Loan is the interest accrued at the Revised Rate in respect of such ARD Loan in excess of the interest accrued at the Initial Rate, plus any related interest accrued on such amounts, to the extent permitted by applicable law and the related Mortgage Loan documents.

 

The Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will be held by the [___] Subordinate Companion Loan REMIC (the “Subordinate Companion Loan REMIC”) and the Mortgage Loans (other than the Subordinate Companion Loan) will be held by the lower-tier REMIC (the “Lower-Tier REMIC” and, collectively with the Subordinate Companion Loan REMIC, the “Lower-Tier REMICs”). The certificates (other than the [ARD Class] certificates, the Exchangeable Certificates and the Class [EC] certificates) will be issued by the upper-tier REMIC (the “Upper-Tier REMIC”) (collectively with the Lower-Tier REMICs, the “Trust REMICs”). The [ARD Class] certificates, the Exchangeable Certificates and the Class [EC] certificates will be issued by the grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”).

 

Exchanges of Exchangeable Certificates

 

Exchanges

 

Groups of Exchangeable Certificates (i.e., each of Class [A], Class [B] and Class [C] certificates) may be exchanged for Class [EC] certificates and vice versa, in whole or in part, as described more fully below. This process may occur repeatedly. However, exchanges will no longer be permitted following the date when the then-current principal balance of the Class [A] Trust Component (and, correspondingly, to the extent evidencing an interest in the Class [A] Trust Component, the Class [A] certificates and the applicable component of the Class [EC] certificates) is reduced to zero as a result of the payment in full of all interest and principal on that Trust Component.

 

Following the closing date, Exchangeable Certificates that collectively evidence a uniform Tranche Percentage Interest in each Trust Component (such certificates in the aggregate, an “Exchangeable Proportion”) will be exchangeable on the books of DTC for Class [EC] certificates that represent the same Tranche Percentage Interest in each Trust Component as the certificates to be surrendered, and any Class [EC] certificates will be exchangeable on the books of DTC for Exchangeable Certificates that evidence the same Tranche Percentage Interest in each Trust Component as the Class [EC] certificates to be surrendered. For these purposes, the “Tranche Percentage Interest” of any certificate in relation to a Trust Component is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of (a) the Certificate Balance of that certificate (or, in the case of a Class [EC] certificate, the principal amount of the component of such certificate with the same letter designation as that Trust Component) to (b) the outstanding principal balance of that Trust Component.

 

For example, an investor that owns $[_______] of Class [A] certificates, $[_______] of Class [B] certificates, and $[_______] of Class [C] certificates would be entitled to exchange such certificates following the procedures described below for $[_________] of Class [EC] certificates. Similarly, an

 

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investor that owns $[_________] of Class [EC] certificates would be entitled to exchange such certificates following the procedures described below for $[_______] of Class [A] certificates, $[_______] of Class [B] certificates, and $[_______] of Class [C] certificates. Investors are permitted to exchange any lesser Certificate Balance of such Exchangeable Certificates for Class [EC] certificates so long as such Exchangeable Certificates are exchanged in the same relative proportions as described above.

 

There will be no limit on the number of exchanges authorized under the exchange provisions of the PSA. Subject to compliance with the exchange procedures described below under “—Procedures” and the requirement that a Certificateholder is the beneficial owner of the requisite classes of certificates in the required Exchange Proportion, there are no other conditions or limitations to the exchange of Exchangeable Certificates. In all cases, however, an exchange may not occur if the face amount of the certificates to be received in the exchange would not represent an authorized denomination for the relevant class as described under “—Delivery, Form, Transfer and Denomination” below. In addition, the depositor will have the right to make or cause exchanges on the closing date pursuant to instructions delivered to the certificate administrator on the closing date.

 

The various amounts distributable on the Class [EC] certificates on each Distribution Date in respect of Interest Accrual Amounts, Interest Distribution Amounts, Principal Distribution Amounts, reimbursements of Realized Losses and yield maintenance charges allocated to any of the respective Tranche Percentage Interests in the Trust Components represented by the Class [EC] certificates will be so distributed in a single, aggregate distribution to the holders of the Class [EC] certificates on such Distribution Date. In addition, the Class [EC] certificates will be allocated the aggregate amount of Realized Losses, Interest Shortfalls and other interest shortfalls (including those resulting from Appraisal Reduction Events) corresponding to the Tranche Percentage Interests in the Trust Components represented by the Class [EC] certificates. See “—Distributions” below.

 

For a discussion of the federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the Exchangeable Certificates, see “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxation of Class [EC] and Exchangeable Certificates”.

 

Procedures

 

If a Certificateholder wishes to exchange Exchangeable Certificates for Class [EC] certificates, or Class [EC] certificates for Exchangeable Certificates, such Certificateholder must notify the certificate administrator by e-mail at [____] no later than three business days prior to the proposed date of such exchange (the “Exchange Date”). The Exchange Date can be any business day other than the first or last business day of the month. In addition, the Certificateholder must provide notice on the Certificateholder’s letterhead, which notice must carry a medallion stamp guarantee and set forth the following information: the CUSIP numbers of the Exchangeable Certificates to be exchanged and received, the original and outstanding Certificate Balance of the Exchangeable Certificates to be exchanged and received, the Certificateholder’s DTC participant number and the proposed Exchange Date. The Certificateholder and the certificate administrator will utilize the “deposit and withdrawal system” at DTC to effect the exchange.

 

The aggregate principal and interest entitlements of the certificates received must equal the aggregate entitlements of the certificates surrendered. The notice of exchange will become irrevocable on the 2nd business day before the proposed Exchange Date.

 

The first distribution on an Exchangeable Certificate or Class [EC] certificates will be made in the month following the month of exchange to the Certificateholder of record as of the applicable Record Date for such certificate. Neither the certificate administrator nor the depositor will have any obligation to ensure the availability of the applicable certificates to accomplish any exchange.

 

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Distributions

 

Method, Timing and Amount

 

Distributions on the certificates are required to be made by the certificate administrator, to the extent of available funds as described in this prospectus, on the [__] business day following each Determination Date (each, a “Distribution Date”). The “Determination Date” will be the [__] day of each calendar month (or, if the [__] calendar day of that month is not a business day, then the next business day) commencing in [______].

 

All distributions (other than the final distribution on any certificate) are required to be made to the Certificateholders in whose names the certificates are registered at the close of business on each Record Date. With respect to any Distribution Date, the “Record Date” will be the [last business day of the month preceding the month in which that Distribution Date occurs]. These distributions are required to be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account specified by the Certificateholder at a bank or other entity having appropriate facilities to accept such funds, if the Certificateholder has provided the certificate administrator with written wiring instructions no less than five business days prior to the related Record Date (which wiring instructions may be in the form of a standing order applicable to all subsequent distributions) or otherwise by check mailed to the Certificateholder. The final distribution on any certificate is required to be made in like manner, but only upon presentation and surrender of the certificate at the location that will be specified in a notice of the pendency of the final distribution. All distributions made with respect to a class of certificates will be allocated pro rata among the outstanding certificates of that class based on their respective Percentage Interests.

 

The “Percentage Interest” evidenced by any certificate (other than a Class R or Class [ARD] certificate) will equal its initial denomination as of the closing date divided by the initial Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, of the related class. For these purposes on any date of determination, the “initial denomination as of the closing date” of any Exchangeable Certificate or any Class [EC] certificate received in an exchange will be determined as if such certificate was part of the related class on the closing date, the “initial denomination as of the closing date” of any Exchangeable Certificate or any Class [EC] certificate surrendered in an exchange will be determined as if such certificate was not part of the related class on the closing date and the initial Certificate Balance of the related class of Exchangeable Certificates or Class [EC] certificates will be determined as if such class consisted only of the certificates composing the class on that date of determination and such certificates had been outstanding as of the closing date.

 

The master servicer is authorized but not required to direct the investment of funds held in the Collection Account in U.S. government securities and other obligations that satisfy criteria established by the Rating Agencies (“Permitted Investments”). The master servicer will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on such funds and the master servicer will be required to bear any losses resulting from the investment of such funds, as provided in the PSA. The certificate administrator is authorized but not required to direct the investment of funds held in the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account, the Upper-Tier REMIC Distribution Account, the Interest Reserve Account, the related companion loan distribution account, the Exchangeable Distribution Account, the Excess Interest Distribution Account and the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account [and the Retained Certificate Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account] in Permitted Investments. The certificate administrator will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on such funds and the certificate administrator will be required to bear any losses resulting from the investment of such funds, as provided in the PSA.

 

Available Funds

 

The aggregate amount available for distribution to holders of the certificates and any Trust Component (other than the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates) on each Distribution Date (the “Available Funds”) will, in general, equal the sum of the following amounts (without duplication):

 

(a) the aggregate amount of all cash received on the Mortgage Loans (in the case of any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, only to the extent received by the issuing entity pursuant to the related

 

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Non-Serviced PSA) and any REO Property that is on deposit in the Collection Account (in each case, exclusive of any amount on deposit in or credited to any portion of the Collection Account that is held for the benefit of the holder of any related Companion Loan), as of the Master Servicer Remittance Date, exclusive of (without duplication):

 

 

all scheduled payments of principal and/or interest and any balloon payments paid by the borrowers of a Mortgage Loan (the “Periodic Payments”), that are due on a Due Date after the end of the related Collection Period, excluding interest relating to periods prior to, but due after, the Cut-off Date;

 

 

all unscheduled payments of principal (including prepayments), unscheduled interest, liquidation proceeds, net insurance proceeds and net Condemnation Proceeds and other unscheduled recoveries received subsequent to the related Determination Date (or, with respect to voluntary prepayments of principal of each Mortgage Loan with a Due Date occurring after the related Determination Date, subsequent to the related Due Date) allocable to the Mortgage Loans;

 

 

all amounts in the Collection Account that are due or reimbursable to any person other than the Certificateholders;

 

 

with respect to each Actual/360 Loan and any Distribution Date occurring in each February and in any January occurring in a year that is not a leap year (unless such Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the related Withheld Amount to the extent those funds are on deposit in the Collection Account;

 

 

all Excess Interest allocable to the Mortgage Loans (which is separately distributed to the Class [ARD] certificates [and the VRR Interest]);

 

 

all yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums;

 

 

all amounts deposited in the Collection Account in error; and

 

 

any late payment charges or accrued interest on a Mortgage Loan allocable to the default interest rate for such Mortgage Loan, to the extent permitted by law, excluding any interest calculated at the Mortgage Rate for the related Mortgage Loan;

 

(b) if and to the extent not already included in clause (a), the aggregate amount transferred from the REO Account or the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account and allocable to the Mortgage Loans and on deposit in the Collection Account For such Distribution Date;

 

(c) all Compensating Interest Payments made by the master servicer (or similar payments made by a Non-Serviced Master Servicer) with respect to the Mortgage Loans with respect to such Distribution Date and P&I Advances made by the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, with respect to the Distribution Date (net of certain amounts that are due or reimbursable to persons other than the Certificateholders); and

 

(d) with respect to each Actual/360 Loan and any Distribution Date occurring in each March (or February, if such Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the related Withheld Amounts as required to be deposited in the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account pursuant to the PSA.

 

In addition, the master servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to remit to the Distribution Account on any Master Servicer Remittance Date for a Collection Period any balloon payments received during the period that begins two (2) Business Days immediately preceding such Master Servicer Remittance Date and ends on such Master Servicer Remittance Date. In certain cases, the remittance with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan in any given calendar month may be received after the Determination Date in that month. If such a remittance includes a principal prepayment or other unscheduled collection or includes a balloon payment, then such principal prepayment or other unscheduled collection will not, and such balloon payment may not, be distributed to certificateholders

 

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until the Distribution Date in the following calendar month even if received by the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer during the Collection Period for the then current Distribution Date. No additional interest will be distributable in connection with such delayed distribution, thus resulting in a shortfall to certificateholders.

 

[“Certificate Available Funds” means, as to any Distribution Date, an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Non-Vertically Retained Percentage of the Available Funds for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount withdrawn from the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account for distribution on such Distribution Date.]

 

[The “Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount” for each Distribution Date, is the lesser of (i) the amount on deposit in the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account on such Distribution Date, and (ii) the amount distributable from the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account.]

 

[FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST THAT IS A “SINGLE VERTICAL SECURITY”, ADDITIONAL DEFINED TERMS TO BE ADDED AS NECESSARY TO REFLECT THE APPLICATION OF THE VERTICALLY RETAINED PERCENTAGE OF AVAILABLE FUNDS AND REALIZED LOSSES TO THE VRR INTEREST.]

 

The “Collection Period” for each Distribution Date and any Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan)will be the period commencing on the day immediately following the Due Date for such Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan) in the month preceding the month in which that Distribution Date occurs or the date that would have been the Due Date if such Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan) had a Due Date in such preceding month and ending on and including the Due Date for such Mortgage Loan (including any related Companion Loan) occurring in the month in which that Distribution Date occurs. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the last day of a Collection Period (or applicable grace period) is not a business day, any Periodic Payments received with respect to Mortgage Loans (including any Companion Loan) relating to such Collection Period on the business day immediately following such day will be deemed to have been received during such Collection Period and not during any other Collection Period.

 

Due Date” means, with respect to each Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan), the date on which scheduled payments of principal, interest or both are required to be made by the related borrower.

 

Priority of Distributions

 

On each Distribution Date, for so long as the Certificate Balances or Notional Amounts of the Regular Certificates [(other than the VRR Interest)] have not been reduced to zero, the certificate administrator is required to apply amounts on deposit in the Distribution Account [(excluding amounts relating to the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan)], to the extent of the [Certificate] Available Funds, in the following order of priority:

 

First, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to, and pro rata in accordance with, the respective Interest Distribution Amounts for those classes;

 

Second, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balances of those classes, in the following priority (prior to the Cross-Over Date):

 

(i)        [INSERT PRINCIPAL PAYMENT PRIORITIES FOR THE SENIOR CLASSES]

 

Third, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, up to an amount equal to, and pro rata based upon, the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to each such class, plus interest on that amount at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class;

 

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Fourth, to the Class [A] Trust Component and, thus, concurrently, to the Class [A] certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Class [A] Percentage Interest multiplied by the aggregate Interest Distribution Amount with respect to the Class [A] Trust Component, and to the Class [EC] certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest multiplied by the aggregate Interest Distribution Amount with respect to the Class [A] Trust Component, pro rata in proportion to their respective percentage interests in the Class [A] Trust Component;

 

Fifth, after the Certificate Balances of the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] have been reduced to zero, to the Class [A] Trust Component and, thus, concurrently, to the Class [A] certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Class [A] Percentage Interest multiplied by the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, and to the Class [EC] certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest multiplied by the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, pro rata in proportion to their respective percentage interests in the Class [A] Trust Component, until the Certificate Balance of the Class [A] Trust Component is reduced to zero;

 

Sixth, to the Class [A] Trust Component and, thus, concurrently, to the Class [A] certificates, up to an amount equal to the Class [A] Percentage Interest multiplied by the aggregate of unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to the Class [A] Trust Component, plus interest on that amount at the Pass-Through Rate for such Trust Component compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such Trust Component, and to the Class [EC] certificates, up to an amount equal to the Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest multiplied by the aggregate of unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to the Class [A] Trust Component, plus interest on that amount at the Pass-Through Rate for such Trust Component compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such Trust Component, pro rata in proportion to their respective percentage interests in the Class [A] Trust Component;

 

Seventh, [ADD SIMILAR CLAUSES TO CLAUSES FOURTH, FIFTH AND SIXTH FOR OTHER EXCHANGEABLE CLASSES]

 

Eighth, to the Class [__] certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Ninth, to the Class [__] certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Tenth, to the Class [__] certificates, up to an amount equal to the aggregate of unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, plus interest on that amount at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class;

 

Eleventh, [ADD SIMILAR CLAUSES TO CLAUSES EIGHTH, NINTH AND TENTH FOR OTHER SUBORDINATE CLASSES THAT ARE NOT EXCHANGEABLE CLASSES]; and

 

Twelfth, to the Class R certificates, any remaining amounts.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, on each Distribution Date occurring on and after Cross-Over Date, regardless of the allocation of principal payments described in clause Second above, the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date is required to be distributed pro rata (based on their respective outstanding Certificate Balances), among the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, in reduction of their respective Certificate Balances. The “Cross-Over Date” means the Distribution Date on which the Certificate Balances of the Subordinate Certificates (calculated without giving effect to any

 

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exchange of the Exchangeable Certificates for Class [EC] certificates) have all been reduced to zero as a result of the allocation of Realized Losses to those certificates.

 

Reimbursement of previously allocated Realized Losses will not constitute distributions of principal for any purpose and will not result in an additional reduction in the Certificate Balance of the class of certificates in respect of which a reimbursement is made.

 

Pass-Through Rates

 

The interest rate (the “Pass-Through Rate”) applicable to each class of certificates or any Trust Component (other than the Class R, Class [ARD] and [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates) for any Distribution Date will equal the rates set forth below:

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the [IDENTIFY APPLICABLE CLASS] certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [ ]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the [IDENTIFY APPLICABLE CLASS] certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_____]%, subject to a maximum rate equal to the WAC Rate.

 

The Pass-Through Rate applicable to the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates for the initial Distribution Date will equal approximately [ ]% per annum.

 

The Pass-Through Rate for the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates for any Distribution Date will equal the excess, if any of (a) the WAC Rate for the related Distribution Date, over (b) the weighted average of the Pass-Through Rates on the [IDENTIFY APPLICABLE CLASSES] certificates for such Distribution Date, weighted on the basis of their respective Certificate Balances (calculated without giving effect to any exchange and conversion of any Class [A], Class [B] and Class [C] certificates for Class [EC] certificates) immediately prior to that Distribution Date.

 

The Class [EC] certificates will not have a Pass-Through Rate, but will be entitled to receive the sum of the interest distributable on the percentage interests of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] Trust Components represented by the Class [EC] certificates. The Pass-Through Rates on the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] Trust Components will at all times be the same as the Pass-Through Rate of the Class [A], Class [B], and Class [C] certificates.

 

The Class [ARD] certificates will not have a Pass-Through Rate or be entitled to distributions in respect of interest other than [[_]% of the] Excess Interest, actually collected from the borrower, if any, with respect to the ARD Loan.

 

The “WAC Rate” with respect to any Distribution Date is equal to the weighted average of the applicable Net Mortgage Rates of the Mortgage Loans (including the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) as of the first day of the related Collection Period, weighted on the basis of their respective Stated Principal Balances as of the first day of such Collection Period (after giving effect to any payments received during any applicable grace period).

 

The “Net Mortgage Rate” for each Mortgage Loan (including the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any successor REO Loan is equal to the related Mortgage Rate then in effect (without regard to any increase in the interest rate of any ARD Loan after the related Anticipated Repayment Date), less the related Administrative Cost Rate; provided, however, that for purposes of calculating Pass-Through Rates and Withheld Amounts, the Net Mortgage Rate for any Mortgage Loan will be determined without regard to any modification, waiver or amendment of the terms of the related Mortgage Loan, whether agreed to by the master servicer, the special servicer or resulting from a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding involving the related borrower. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for Mortgage Loans that do not accrue interest on a 30/360 Basis, then, solely for purposes of calculating the Pass-Through Rate on the Regular Certificates (and Trust Components), the Net Mortgage Rate of any Mortgage Loan for any one-month period preceding a related Due Date will be the annualized rate at which interest would have to accrue in respect of the Mortgage Loan on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day

 

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months in order to produce the aggregate amount of interest actually required to be paid in respect of the Mortgage Loan during the one-month period at the related Net Mortgage Rate; provided, however, that with respect to each Actual/360 Loan, the Net Mortgage Rate for the one-month period (1) prior to the Due Dates in January and February in any year which is not a leap year or in February in any year which is a leap year (in either case, unless the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date) will be determined exclusive of Withheld Amounts, and (2) prior to the Due Date in March (or February, if the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), will be determined inclusive of Withheld Amounts for the immediately preceding February and January, as applicable. With respect to any REO Loan, the Net Mortgage Rate will be calculated as described above, as if the predecessor Mortgage Loan had remained outstanding.

 

Administrative Cost Rate” as of any date of determination will be a per annum rate equal to the sum of the Servicing Fee Rate, the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate, the Operating Advisor Fee Rate, the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee Rate and the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate.

 

Mortgage Rate” with respect to any Mortgage Loan (including the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any related Companion Loan is the per annum rate at which interest accrues on the Mortgage Loan or the related Companion Loan as stated in the related Mortgage Note or the promissory note evidencing such Companion Loan without giving effect to any default rate or Revised Rate.

 

Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee Rate” means the “master servicing fee rate” (or analogous term) (as defined in the related Non-Serviced PSA) and any other servicing fee rate payable to the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer applicable to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, and “Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee” means the amount of such fee payable for a given Distribution Date.

 

Interest Distribution Amount

 

The “Interest Distribution Amount” with respect to any Distribution Date and each class of Regular Certificates and any Trust Component will equal (A) the sum of (i) the Interest Accrual Amount with respect to such class or Trust Component for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Interest Shortfall, if any, with respect to such class or Trust Component for such Distribution Date, less (B) any Excess Prepayment Interest Shortfall allocated to such class or Trust Component on such Distribution Date.

 

The “Interest Accrual Amount” with respect to any Distribution Date and any class of Regular Certificates and any Trust Component is equal to interest for the related Interest Accrual Period accrued at the Pass-Through Rate for such class or Trust Component on the Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, for such class immediately prior to that Distribution Date. Calculations of interest for each Interest Accrual Period will be made on [30/360 Basis], except that interest on the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates will be calculated on an [Actual/360 Basis]. [THERE MAY BE OTHER INTEREST CALCULATION CONVENTIONS, SUCH AS ACTUAL/365, AND ACTUAL ACTUAL]

 

An “Interest Shortfall” with respect to any Distribution Date for any class of Regular Certificates and any Trust Component is the sum of (a) the portion of the Interest Distribution Amount for such class or Trust Component remaining unpaid as of the close of business on the preceding Distribution Date, and (b) to the extent permitted by applicable law[, (i) other than in the case of certificates with a Notional Amount, one month’s interest on that amount remaining unpaid at the Pass-Through Rate applicable to such class or Trust Component for the current Distribution Date and (ii) in the case of the certificates with a Notional Amount, one-month’s interest on that amount remaining unpaid at the WAC Rate for such Distribution Date].

 

The “Interest Accrual Period” for each Distribution Date will be the calendar month prior to the month in which that Distribution Date occurs.

 

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Principal Distribution Amount

 

The “Principal Distribution Amount” for any Distribution Date will be equal to the sum of the following amounts:

 

(a) the Principal Shortfall for that Distribution Date,

 

(b) the Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount for that Distribution Date, and

 

(c) the Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount for that Distribution Date;

 

provided, that the Principal Distribution Amount for any Distribution Date will be reduced, to not less than zero, by the amount of any reimbursements of:

 

(A) Nonrecoverable Advances (including any servicing advance with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan under the Non-Serviced PSA reimbursed out of general collections on the Mortgage Loans), with interest on such Nonrecoverable Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, that are paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans in a period during which such principal collections would have otherwise been included in the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, and

 

(B) Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans in a period during which such principal collections would have otherwise been included in the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date,

 

provided, further, that in the case of clauses (A) and (B) above, if any of the amounts that were reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans (including REO Loans) are subsequently recovered on the related Mortgage Loan (or REO Loan), such recovery will increase the Principal Distribution Amount for the Distribution Date related to the period in which such recovery occurs.

 

The “Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount” for each Distribution Date will equal the aggregate of the principal portions of (a) all Periodic Payments (excluding balloon payments) with respect to the Mortgage Loans due during or, if and to the extent not previously received or advanced and distributed to Certificateholders on a preceding Distribution Date, prior to the related Collection Period and all Assumed Scheduled Payments with respect to the Mortgage Loans for the related Collection Period, in each case to the extent paid by the related borrower as of the related Determination Date (or, with respect to each Mortgage Loan with a Due Date occurring, or a grace period ending, after the related Determination Date, the related Due Date or, last day of such grace period, as applicable, to the extent received by the master servicer as of the business day preceding the Master Servicer Remittance Date) or advanced by the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, and (b) all balloon payments with respect to the Mortgage Loans to the extent received on or prior to the related Determination Date (or, with respect to each Mortgage Loan with a Due Date occurring, or a grace period ending, after the related Determination Date, the related Due Date or, last day of such grace period, as applicable, to the extent received by the master servicer as of the business day preceding the Master Servicer Remittance Date), and to the extent not included in clause (a) above. The Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount from time to time will include all late payments of principal made by a borrower with respect to the Mortgage Loans, including late payments in respect of a delinquent balloon payment, received by the times described above in this definition, except to the extent those late payments are otherwise available to reimburse the master servicer or the trustee, as the case may be, for prior Advances, as described above.

 

The “Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount” for each Distribution Date will equal the aggregate of the following: (a) all prepayments of principal received on the Mortgage Loans as of the Determination Date; and (b) any other collections (exclusive of payments by borrowers) received on the Mortgage Loans and any REO Properties on or prior to the related Determination Date whether in the form of Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, net income, rents, and profits from REO Property or otherwise, that were identified and applied by the master servicer as recoveries of previously unadvanced principal of the related Mortgage Loan; provided, that all such Liquidation Proceeds and Insurance and

 

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Condemnation Proceeds will be reduced by any unpaid Special Servicing Fees, Liquidation Fees, any amount related to the Loss of Value Payments to the extent that such amount was transferred into the Collection Account during the related collection period, accrued interest on Advances and other additional trust fund expenses incurred in connection with the related Mortgage Loan, thus reducing the Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount.

 

The “Assumed Scheduled Payment” for any Collection Period and with respect to any Mortgage Loan (including the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, as the case may be, that is delinquent in respect of its balloon payment or any REO Loan (excluding, for purposes of any P&I Advances, the portion allocable to any related Companion Loan), is an amount equal to the sum of (a) the principal portion of the Periodic Payment that would have been due on such Mortgage Loan or REO Loan on the related Due Date based on the constant payment required by such related Mortgage Note or the original amortization schedule of the Mortgage Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, as the case may be (as calculated with interest at the related Mortgage Rate), if applicable, assuming the related balloon payment has not become due, after giving effect to any reduction in the principal balance occurring in connection with a modification, a default or a bankruptcy modification (or similar proceeding), and (b) interest on the Stated Principal Balance of that Mortgage Loan, Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or REO Loan (excluding, for purposes of any P&I Advances, the portion allocable to any related Companion Loan) at its Mortgage Rate (net of interest at the applicable rate at which the Servicing Fee and any related Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee is calculated).

 

The “Principal Shortfall” for any Distribution Date means the amount, if any, by which (1) the Principal Distribution Amount for the prior Distribution Date exceeds (2) the aggregate amount actually distributed to the holders of the Principal Balance Certificates on the preceding Distribution Date in respect of such Principal Distribution Amount.

 

Certain Calculations with Respect to Individual Mortgage Loans

 

The “Stated Principal Balance” of each Mortgage Loan and Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will initially equal its Cut-off Date Balance and, on each Distribution Date, will be reduced by the amount of principal payments received on such Mortgage Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or advanced for such Distribution Date. With respect to any Companion Loan on any date of determination, the Stated Principal Balance will equal the unpaid principal balance of such Companion Loan as of such date. With respect to any Whole Loan on any date of determination, the Stated Principal Balance of such Whole Loan will be the sum of the Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan and each related Companion Loan on such date. The Stated Principal Balance of a Mortgage Loan, Whole Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan may also be reduced in connection with any modification that reduces the principal amount due on such Mortgage Loan, Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or Whole Loan, as the case may be, or any forced reduction of its actual unpaid principal balance imposed by a court presiding over a bankruptcy proceeding in which the related borrower is the debtor. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans”. If any Mortgage Loan, Whole Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan is paid in full or the Mortgage Loan, Whole Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan (or any Mortgaged Property acquired in respect of the Mortgage Loan, Whole Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan) is otherwise liquidated, then, as of the first Distribution Date that follows the end of the Collection Period in which that payment in full or liquidation occurred and notwithstanding that a loss may have occurred in connection with any liquidation, the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loan, Whole Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will be zero.

 

For purposes of calculating allocations of, or recoveries in respect of, Realized Losses [and Retained Certificate Realized Losses], as well as for purposes of calculating the Servicing Fee and Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee, the Operating Advisor Fee, Asset Representations Reviewer Fee and any related Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee payable each month, each REO Property (including any REO Property with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan held pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA) will be treated as if there exists with respect to such REO Property an outstanding Mortgage Loan and, if applicable, each related Companion Loan (an “REO Loan”), and all references to Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan and pool of Mortgage Loans in this prospectus, when used in that context, will be

 

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deemed to also be references to or to also include, as the case may be, any REO Loans. Each REO Loan will generally be deemed to have the same characteristics as its actual predecessor Mortgage Loan (including related Companion Loan), including the same fixed Mortgage Rate (and, accordingly, the same Net Mortgage Rate) and the same unpaid principal balance and Stated Principal Balance. Amounts due on the predecessor Mortgage Loan (including related Companion Loan) including any portion of it payable or reimbursable to the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the certificate administrator or the trustee, as applicable, will continue to be “due” in respect of the REO Loan; and amounts received in respect of the related REO Property, net of payments to be made, or reimbursement to the master servicer or special servicer for payments previously advanced, in connection with the operation and management of that property, generally will be applied by the master servicer as if received on the predecessor Mortgage Loan, Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or related Companion Loan.

 

With respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, no amounts relating to the related REO Property or REO Loan allocable to any related Companion Loan will be available for amounts due to the Certificateholders or to reimburse the issuing entity, other than in the limited circumstances related to Servicing Advances, indemnification, Special Servicing Fees and other reimbursable expenses related to such Serviced Whole Loan incurred with respect to such Serviced Whole Loan in accordance with the PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

With respect to an AB Whole Loan, no amounts relating to the related REO Property or REO Loan allocable to the Subordinate Companion Loan will be available for amounts due to the holders of the Pooled Certificates, other than indirectly in the limited circumstances related to reimbursement of Servicing Advances, indemnification, Special Servicing Fees and other reimbursable expenses related to an AB Whole Loan incurred with respect to an AB Whole Loan in accordance with the PSA.

 

Excess Interest

 

On each Distribution Date, the certificate administrator is required to distribute [the Non-Risk Retention Percentage of] any Excess Interest received with respect to the ARD Loan on or prior to the related Determination Date to the holders of the Class [ARD] certificates [and the Risk Retention Percentage of any Excess Interest received with respect to the ARD Loan on or prior to the related Determination Date to the holders of the VRR Interest]. Excess Interest will not be available to make distributions to any other class of certificates or to provide credit support for other classes of certificates or offset any interest shortfalls or to pay any other amounts to any other party under the PSA.

 

Application Priority of Mortgage Loan Collections or Whole Loan Collections

 

Absent express provisions in the related Mortgage Loan documents (and, with respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, the related Intercreditor Agreement), all amounts collected by or on behalf of the issuing entity in respect of any Mortgage Loan in the form of payments from the related borrower, Liquidation Proceeds, condemnation proceeds or insurance proceeds (excluding, if applicable, in the case of each Serviced Whole Loan, any amounts payable to the holder of the related Companion Loan(s) pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement) will be deemed to be allocated for purposes of collecting amounts due under the Mortgage Loan, pursuant to the PSA, in the following order of priority:

 

First, as a recovery of any unreimbursed Advances (including any Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount) with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and unpaid interest at the Reimbursement Rate on such Advances and, if applicable, unreimbursed and unpaid expenses of the issuing entity;

 

Second, as a recovery of Nonrecoverable Advances and any interest on those Nonrecoverable Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, to the extent previously paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans (as described in the first proviso in the definition of Principal Distribution Amount);

 

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Third, to the extent not previously allocated pursuant to clause First or Second, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan (exclusive of default interest and Excess Interest) to the extent of the excess of (i) accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan at the related Mortgage Rate in effect from time to time through the end of the applicable mortgage interest accrual period, over (ii) after taking into account any allocations pursuant to clause Fifth below on earlier dates, the aggregate portion of the accrued and unpaid interest described in subclause (i) of this clause Third that either (a) was not advanced because of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts or (b) accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made;

 

Fourth, to the extent not previously allocated pursuant to clause First or Second, as a recovery of principal of such Mortgage Loan then due and owing, including by reason of acceleration of such Mortgage Loan following a default thereunder (or, if the Mortgage Loan has been liquidated, as a recovery of principal to the extent of its entire remaining unpaid principal balance);

 

Fifth, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan to the extent of the sum of (i) the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts, plus (ii) any accrued and unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest) that accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made (to the extent collections have not been allocated as recovery of such accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to this clause Fifth on earlier dates);

 

Sixth, as a recovery of amounts to be currently allocated to the payment of, or escrowed for the future payment of, real estate taxes, assessments and insurance premiums and similar items relating to such Mortgage Loan;

 

Seventh, as a recovery of any other reserves to the extent then required to be held in escrow with respect to such Mortgage Loan;

 

Eighth, as a recovery of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Ninth, as a recovery of any late payment charges and default interest and Excess Interest then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Tenth, as a recovery of any assumption fees and Modification Fees then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Eleventh, as a recovery of any other amounts then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan other than remaining unpaid principal (if both consent fees and Operating Advisor Consulting Fees are due and owing, first, allocated to consent fees and then, allocated to Operating Advisor Consulting Fees);

 

Twelfth, as a recovery of any remaining principal of such Mortgage Loan to the extent of its entire remaining unpaid principal balance; and

 

Thirteenth, in the case of an ARD Loan after the related Anticipated Repayment Date, any accrued but unpaid Excess Interest,

 

provided that, to the extent required under the REMIC provisions of the Code, payments or proceeds received (or receivable by exercise of the lender’s rights under the related Mortgage Loan documents) with respect to any partial release of a Mortgaged Property (including in connection with a condemnation) at a time when the loan-to-value ratio of the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan) exceeds

 

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125%, or would exceed 125% following any partial release (based solely on the value of real property and excluding personal property and going concern value, if any) must be collected and allocated to reduce the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan) in the manner permitted by such REMIC provisions.

 

Collections by or on behalf of the issuing entity in respect of any REO Property (exclusive of the amounts to be allocated to the payment of the costs of operating, managing, leasing, maintaining and disposing of such REO Property and, if applicable, in the case of each Serviced Whole Loan, exclusive of any amounts payable to the holder of the related Companion Loan(s), as applicable, pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement) will be deemed to be allocated for purposes of collecting amounts due under the Mortgage Loan, pursuant to the PSA, in the following order of priority:

 

First, as a recovery of any unreimbursed Advances (including any Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount) with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and interest at the Reimbursement Rate on all Advances and, if applicable, unreimbursed and unpaid expenses of the issuing entity with respect to the related Mortgage Loan;

 

Second, as a recovery of Nonrecoverable Advances and any interest on those Nonrecoverable Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, to the extent previously paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans (as described in the first proviso in the definition of Principal Distribution Amount);

 

Third, to the extent not previously allocated pursuant to clause First or Second, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan (exclusive of default interest and Excess Interest) to the extent of the excess of (i) accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan at the applicable Mortgage Rate in effect from time to time through the end of the applicable mortgage interest accrual period, over (ii) after taking into account any allocations pursuant to clause Fifth below or clause Fifth of the prior paragraph on earlier dates, the aggregate portion of the accrued and unpaid interest described in subclause (i) of this clause Third that either (a) was not advanced because of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts or (b) accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made;

 

Fourth, to the extent not previously allocated pursuant to clause First or Second, as a recovery of principal of such Mortgage Loan to the extent of its entire unpaid principal balance;

 

Fifth, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan to the extent of the sum of (i) the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts, plus (ii) any accrued and unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest) that accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made (to the extent collections have not been allocated as recovery of such accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to this clause Fifth on earlier dates);

 

Sixth, as a recovery of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Seventh, as a recovery of any late payment charges and default interest and Excess Interest then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Eighth, as a recovery of any assumption fees and Modification Fees then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

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Ninth, as a recovery of any other amounts then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan other than remaining unpaid principal (if both consent fees and Operating Advisor Consulting Fees are due and owing, first, allocated to consent fees and then, allocated to Operating Advisor Consulting Fees); and

 

Tenth, in the case of an ARD Loan after the related Anticipated Repayment Date, any accrued but unpaid Excess Interest.

 

Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums

 

On each Distribution Date, any yield maintenance charges collected in respect of the Mortgage Loans during the related Collection Period will be required to be distributed by the certificate administrator to the holders of each class of Regular Certificates (excluding the [APPLICABLE CLASSES] certificates) in the following manner: [SPECIFY ALLOCATION METHODOLOGY]

 

No yield maintenance charge will be distributed to the holders of the [APPLICABLE CLASSES], Class R or Class [ARD] certificates. After the Certificate Balances of the [APPLICABLE CLASSES] certificates (and Trust Components) have been reduced to zero, all yield maintenance charges with respect to the Mortgage Loans will be distributed to the holders of the [APPLICABLE CLASS] certificates, regardless of whether the Notional Amount of such class of certificates has been reduced to zero.

 

Any yield maintenance charges payable in respect of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will be distributed to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates.

 

For a description of yield maintenance charges, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments”.

 

Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date

 

The “Assumed Final Distribution Date” with respect to any class of certificates is the Distribution Date on which the aggregate Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of that class of certificates would be reduced to zero based on the assumptions set forth below. The Assumed Final Distribution Date with respect to each class of Offered Certificates will in each case be as follows:

 

Class Designation

 

Assumed Final Distribution Date

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Assumed Final Distribution Dates set forth above were calculated without regard to any delays in the collection of balloon payments and without regard to delinquencies, defaults or liquidations. Accordingly, in the event of defaults on the Mortgage Loans, the actual final Distribution Date for one or more classes of the Offered Certificates may be later, and could be substantially later, than the related Assumed Final Distribution Date(s).

 

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In addition, the Assumed Final Distribution Dates set forth above were calculated on the basis of a 0% CPY prepayment rate and the Modeling Assumptions. Since the rate of payment (including prepayments) of the Mortgage Loans may exceed the scheduled rate of payments, and could exceed the scheduled rate by a substantial amount, the actual final Distribution Date for one or more classes of the Offered Certificates may be earlier, and could be substantially earlier, than the related Assumed Final Distribution Date(s). The rate of payments (including prepayments) on the Mortgage Loans will depend on the characteristics of the Mortgage Loans, as well as on the prevailing level of interest rates and other economic factors, and we cannot assure you as to actual payment experience.

 

The “Rated Final Distribution Date” for each class of Offered Certificates will be the Distribution Date in [_________]. See “Ratings”.

 

Prepayment Interest Shortfalls

 

If a borrower prepays a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan in whole or in part, after the due date but on or before the Determination Date in any calendar month, the amount of interest (net of related Servicing Fees, any related Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee and any Excess Interest) accrued on such prepayment from such due date to, but not including, the date of prepayment (or any later date through which interest accrues) will, to the extent actually collected (without regard to any prepayment premium or yield maintenance charge actually collected) constitute a “Prepayment Interest Excess” Conversely, if a borrower prepays a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan (with such prepayment allocated between the related Mortgage Loan and Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan in accordance with the related Intercreditor Agreement) in whole or in part after the Determination Date (or, with respect to each Mortgage Loan or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, as applicable, with a due date occurring after the related Determination Date, the related Due Date) in any calendar month and does not pay interest on such prepayment through the following Due Date, then the shortfall in a full month’s interest (net of related Servicing Fees, any related Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee and any Excess Interest) on such prepayment will constitute a “Prepayment Interest Shortfall”. Prepayment Interest Shortfalls for each Distribution Date with respect to the AB Whole Loan will generally be allocated first to the related Subordinate Companion Loan and then to the related Mortgage Loan. Prepayment Interest Excesses (to the extent not offset by Prepayment Interest Shortfalls (other than relating to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or required to be paid as Compensating Interest Payments) collected on the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan, will be retained by the master servicer as additional servicing compensation.

 

The master servicer will be required to deliver to the certificate administrator for deposit in the Distribution Account (other than the portion of any Compensating Interest Payment described below that is allocable to a Serviced Companion Loan) on each Master Servicer Remittance Date, without any right of reimbursement thereafter, a cash payment (a “Compensating Interest Payment”) in an amount, with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, equal to the lesser of:

 

 

(i)

the aggregate amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls incurred in connection with voluntary principal prepayments received in respect of the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (in each case other than a Specially Serviced Loan or a Mortgage Loan or any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan on which the special servicer allowed a prepayment on a date other than the applicable Due Date) for the related Distribution Date, and

 

 

(ii)

the aggregate of (A) that portion of the master servicer’s Servicing Fees for the related Distribution Date that is, in the case of each Mortgage Loan, Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan and REO Loan for which such Servicing Fees are being paid in such Collection Period, calculated at a rate of [__]% per annum, (B) all Prepayment Interest Excesses received by the master servicer during such Collection Period with respect to the Mortgage Loans (and, so long as a Whole Loan is serviced under the PSA, any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) subject to such prepayment and (C) to the extent earned on principal prepayments, net 

 

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investment earnings payable to the master servicer for such Collection Period received by the master servicer during such Collection Period with respect to the Mortgage Loan or any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, as applicable, subject to such prepayment. In no event will the rights of the Certificateholders to the offset of the aggregate Prepayment Interest Shortfalls be cumulative.

 

If a Prepayment Interest Shortfall occurs with respect to a Mortgage Loan or related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan as a result of the master servicer allowing the related borrower to deviate (a “Prohibited Prepayment”) from the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents regarding principal prepayments (other than (v) the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, (w) subsequent to a default under the related Mortgage Loan documents or if the Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan, (x) pursuant to applicable law or a court order or otherwise in such circumstances where the master servicer is required to accept such principal prepayment in accordance with the Servicing Standard, (y) at the request or with the consent of the special servicer or, subject to the DCH Limitations and so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred or is continuing or (z) in connection with the payment of any insurance proceeds or condemnation awards), then for purposes of calculating the Compensating Interest Payment for the related Distribution Date, master servicer will pay, without regard to clause (ii) above, the aggregate amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls with respect to such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan otherwise described in clause (i) above in connection with such Prohibited Prepayments.

 

With respect to the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, the master servicer will be required to make Compensating Interest Payments in an amount equal to the lesser of: (A) the amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfall incurred in connection with voluntary principal prepayments received in respect of the Subordinate Companion Loan, so long as it is not a Specially Serviced Loan or the special servicer did not allow a prepayment on a date other than the applicable Due Date for the related Distribution Date, and (B) the Servicing Fee for the Subordinate Companion Loan, and the related Distribution Date (calculated at [___]% per annum).

 

Compensating Interest Payments with respect to the Serviced Whole Loans will be allocated among the related Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan in accordance with their respective principal amounts, and the master servicer will be required to pay the portion of such Compensating Interest Payments allocable to the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan to the Non-Serviced Master Servicer.

 

The aggregate of any Prepayment Interest Shortfalls resulting from any principal prepayments made on the Mortgage Loans to be included in the Available Funds for any Distribution Date that are not covered by the master servicer’s Compensating Interest Payment for the related Distribution Date [and the portion of the compensating interest payments allocable to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan to the extent received from the Non-Serviced Master Servicer] (the aggregate of the Prepayment Interest Shortfalls that are not so covered, as to the related Distribution Date, the “Excess Prepayment Interest Shortfall”) will be allocated on that Distribution Date among each class of Regular Certificates and the Trust Components, pro rata in accordance with their respective Interest Accrual Amounts for that Distribution Date. [Shortfalls allocable to the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan as a result of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls not covered by Compensating Interest Payments will be allocated to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates.]

 

Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses

 

The rights of holders of the Subordinate Certificates to receive distributions of amounts collected or advanced on the Mortgage Loans will be subordinated, to the extent described in this prospectus, to the rights of holders of the Senior Certificates. In particular, the rights of the holders of the [SUBORDINATE CLASSES] certificates to receive distributions of interest and principal, as applicable, will be subordinated to such rights of the holders of the Senior Certificates. The Class [A] Trust Component (and, correspondingly, to the extent evidencing an interest in the Class [A] Trust Component, the Class [A] and

 

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Class [EC] certificates) will likewise be protected by the subordination of the Class [B] and Class [C] Trust Components and the [OTHER SUBORDINATE CLASSES] Certificates.

 

This subordination will be effected in two ways: (i) by the preferential right of the holders of a class of certificates and the Trust Components to receive on any Distribution Date the amounts of interest and/or principal distributable to them prior to any distribution being made on such Distribution Date in respect of any classes of certificates or Trust Components subordinate to that class or Trust Component (as described above under “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”) and (ii) by the allocation of Realized Losses to classes of certificates or Trust Components that are subordinate to more senior classes or Trust Components, as described below.

 

[No other form of credit support will be available for the benefit of the Offered Certificates or related Trust Components.] [IF OTHER CREDIT SUPPORT IS TO BE PROVIDED IN ADDITION TO OR IN LIEU OF SUBORDINATION, see “Description of the Credit Support or Liquidity Support.”]

 

Prior to the Cross-Over Date, allocation of principal on any Distribution Date will be made first, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASS] certificates until their Certificate Balance has been reduced to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASS] certificates until their Certificate Balance has been reduced to zero, and second, to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASS] certificates, until their Certificate Balance has been reduced to zero. On or after the Cross-Over Date, allocation of principal will be made to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates that are still outstanding, pro rata, until their Certificate Balances have been reduced to zero. See “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” above.

 

Allocation to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, for so long as they are outstanding, of the entire Principal Distribution Amount for each Distribution Date will have the effect of reducing the aggregate Certificate Balance of the [APPLICABLE CLASSES] certificates at a proportionately faster rate than the rate at which the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans will decline. Therefore, as principal is distributed to the holders of the [APPLICABLE CLASSES] certificates, the percentage interest in the issuing entity evidenced by the [APPLICABLE CLASSES] certificates will be decreased (with a corresponding increase in the percentage interest in the issuing entity evidenced by the Subordinate Certificates), thereby increasing, relative to their respective Certificate Balances, the subordination afforded to the [APPLICABLE SENIOR CLASSES] certificates by the Subordinate Certificates.

 

Following retirement of the [SENIOR CLASSES] certificates, the successive allocation on each Distribution Date of the remaining Principal Distribution Amount to the [SUBORDINATE CLASSES], in that order, for so long as they are outstanding, will provide a similar, but diminishing benefit to those certificates (other than to Class [__] certificates) as to the relative amount of subordination afforded by the outstanding classes of certificates with later sequential designations.

 

On each Distribution Date, immediately following the distributions to be made to the Certificateholders on that date, the certificate administrator is required to calculate the Realized Loss [and the Retained Certificate Realized Loss] for such Distribution Date.

 

The “Realized Loss” with respect to any Distribution Date is the amount, if any, by which (i) the aggregate [Non-Vertically Retained Percentage of] Stated Principal Balance (for purposes of this calculation only, the aggregate Stated Principal Balance will not be reduced by the amount of principal payments received on the Mortgage Loans that were used to reimburse the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee from general collections of principal on the Mortgage Loans for Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts, to the extent those amounts are not otherwise determined to be Nonrecoverable Advances) of the Mortgage Loans, including any REO Loans (but in each case, excluding any Companion Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan) expected to be outstanding immediately following that Distribution Date is less than (ii) the then aggregate Certificate Balance of the Principal Balance Certificates and Trust Components after giving effect to distributions of principal on that Distribution Date. The certificate administrator will be required to allocate any Realized Losses among the respective classes of Principal Balance Certificates and the Trust Components in the following order, until the Certificate Balance of each such class or Trust Component is reduced to zero:

 

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first, to the Class [__] certificates;

 

second, to the Class [__] certificates;

 

third, to the Class [__] certificates;

 

fourth, to the Class [__] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [__] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [__] Trust Component); and

 

fifth, to the Class [__] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [__] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [__] Trust Component).

 

Following the reduction of the Certificate Balances of all classes of Subordinate Certificates and Trust Components to zero, the certificate administrator will be required to allocate Realized Losses among the Senior Certificates (other than the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates), pro rata, based upon their respective Certificate Balances, until their respective Certificate Balances have been reduced to zero.

 

Realized Losses will not be allocated to the Class [ARD] certificates[, the VRR Interest] or the Class R certificates and will not be directly allocated to the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates. However, the Notional Amounts of the classes of [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates will be reduced if the related classes of Principal Balance Certificates or Trust Components are reduced by such Realized Losses. Other than with respect to an AB Whole Loan, Realized Losses will not be allocated to the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates. [Retained Certificate Realized Losses will be allocated to the VRR Interest.]

 

In general, Realized Losses [and Retained Certificate Realized Losses] could result from the occurrence of: (1) losses and other shortfalls on or in respect of the Mortgage Loans, including as a result of defaults and delinquencies on the related Mortgage Loans, Nonrecoverable Advances made in respect of the Mortgage Loans, the payment to the special servicer of any compensation as described in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”, and the payment of interest on Advances and certain servicing expenses; and (2) certain unanticipated, non-Mortgage Loan specific expenses of the issuing entity, including certain reimbursements to the certificate administrator or trustee as described under “Transaction Parties—The Trustee” or —The Certificate Administrator”, and certain federal, state and local taxes, and certain tax-related expenses, payable out of the issuing entity, as described under “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations”.

 

A class of certificates or Trust Component will be considered outstanding until its Certificate Balance or Notional Amount is reduced to zero, except that the Class [ARD] certificates will be considered outstanding so long as holders of such certificates are entitled to receive Excess Interest. However, notwithstanding a reduction of its Certificate Balance to zero, reimbursements of any previously allocated Realized Losses [and Retained Certificate Realized Losses] are required thereafter to be made to a class of Principal Balance Certificates [and the VRR Interest] in accordance with the payment priorities set forth in “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions[and “Credit Risk Retention—VRR Interest—Priority of Distributions on the VRR Interest”] above.

 

Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information

 

Certificate Administrator Reports

 

On each Distribution Date, the certificate administrator will be required to provide or make available to each Certificateholder of record a Distribution Date statement in the form of Annex B and providing all information required under Regulation AB relating to distributions made on that date for the relevant class and the recent status of the Mortgage Loans.

 

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In addition, the certificate administrator will include (i) the identity of any Mortgage Loans permitting additional debt, identifying (A) the amount of any additional debt incurred during the related Collection Period, (B) the total DSCR calculated on the basis of the mortgage loan and such additional debt and (C) the aggregate loan-to-value ratio calculated on the basis of the mortgage loan and the additional debt in each applicable Form 10-D filed on behalf of the issuing entity and (ii) the beginning and ending account balances for each of the Securitization Accounts (for the applicable period) in each Form 10-D filed on behalf of the issuing entity.

 

Within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar year, the certificate administrator is required to furnish to each person or entity who at any time during the calendar year was a holder of a certificate, a statement containing information (i) the amount of the distribution on each Distribution Date in reduction of the Certificate Balance of the certificates, and (ii) the amount of the distribution on each Distribution Date of the applicable Interest Accrual Amount, in each case, as to the applicable class, aggregated for the related calendar year or applicable partial year during which that person was a Certificateholder, together with any other information that the certificate administrator deems necessary or desirable, or that a Certificateholder or Certificate Owner reasonably requests, to enable Certificateholders to prepare their tax returns for that calendar year. This obligation of the certificate administrator will be deemed to have been satisfied to the extent that substantially comparable information will be provided by the certificate administrator pursuant to any requirements of the Code as from time to time are in force.

 

In addition, the certificate administrator will provide or make available, to the extent received from the applicable person, on each Distribution Date to each Privileged Person the following reports (other than clause (1) below, the “CREFC® Reports”) prepared by the master servicer, the certificate administrator or the special servicer, as applicable, substantially in the forms provided in the PSA (which forms are subject to change) and including substantially the following information:

 

(1)       a report as of the close of business on the immediately preceding Determination Date, containing some categories of information regarding the Mortgage Loans provided in Annex A in the tables under the caption “Mortgage Pool Information”, calculated, where applicable, on the basis of the most recent relevant information provided by the borrowers to the master servicer and by the master servicer to the certificate administrator, and presented in a loan-by-loan and tabular format substantially similar to the formats utilized in Annex B;

 

(2)       a Commercial Real Estate Finance Council (“CREFC®”) delinquent loan status report;

 

(3)       a CREFC® historical loan modification and corrected loan report;

 

(4)       a CREFC® advance recovery report;

 

(5)       a CREFC® total loan report;

 

(6)       a CREFC® operating statement analysis report;

 

(7)       a CREFC® comparative financial status report;

 

(8)       a CREFC® net operating income adjustment worksheet;

 

(9)       a CREFC® real estate owned status report;

 

(10)      a CREFC® servicer watch list;

 

(11)      a CREFC® loan level reserve and letter of credit report;

 

(12)      a CREFC® property file;

 

(13)      a CREFC® financial file;

 

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(14)      a CREFC® loan setup file; and

 

(15)      a CREFC® loan periodic update file.

 

The master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, may omit any information from these reports that the master servicer or the special servicer regards as confidential[, so long as such information is not required to be disclosed[pursuant to Item 1125 of Regulation AB]]. Subject to any potential liability for willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence as described under “Pooling and Servicing AgreementLimitation on Liability; Indemnification, none of the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator will be responsible for the accuracy or completeness of any information supplied to it by a borrower or another party to the PSA or a party under an Non-Serviced PSA that is included in any reports, statements, materials or information prepared or provided by it. Some information will be made available to Certificateholders by electronic transmission as may be agreed upon between the depositor and the certificate administrator.

 

Before each Distribution Date, the master servicer will deliver to the certificate administrator by electronic means:

 

 

a CREFC® property file;

 

 

a CREFC® financial file;

 

 

a CREFC® loan setup file;

 

 

a CREFC® loan periodic update file;

 

 

a CREFC® Appraisal Reduction Template (if any Appraisal Reduction Amount has been calculated); and

 

 

a CREFC® Schedule AL File.

 

In addition, the master servicer (with respect to a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan) or applicable special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and REO Properties), as applicable, is also required to prepare the following for each Mortgaged Property and REO Property:

 

Within 45 days after receipt of a quarterly operating statement, if any, commencing with the quarter ending [__________], a CREFC® operating statement analysis report but only to the extent the related borrower is required by the Mortgage Loan documents to deliver and does deliver, or otherwise agrees to provide and does provide, that information, for the Mortgaged Property or REO Property as of the end of that calendar quarter, provided, however, that any analysis or report with respect to the first calendar quarter of each year will not be required to the extent provided in the then current applicable CREFC® guidelines (it being understood that as of the date of this prospectus, the applicable CREFC® guidelines provide that such analysis or report with respect to the first calendar quarter (in each year) is not required for a Mortgaged Property unless such Mortgaged Property is analyzed on a trailing 12 month basis, or if the related Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) is on the CREFC® Servicer Watch List). The master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and REO Properties), as applicable, will deliver to the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and each holder of a Serviced Companion Loan by electronic means the operating statement analysis upon request.

 

Within 45 days after receipt by the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and REO Properties) or the master servicer (with respect to a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan) of any annual operating statements or rent rolls commencing within 45 days of receipt of such annual operating statement for the calendar year ending December 31, [____], a CREFC® net operating income adjustment worksheet, but only to the extent the related borrower is required by the mortgage to deliver and does deliver, or otherwise agrees to provide and does provide, that information, presenting the computation made in accordance with the methodology described in the PSA to “normalize” the full year

 

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net operating income and debt service coverage numbers used by the master servicer to satisfy its reporting obligation described in clause (8) above. Such special servicer or the master servicer will deliver to the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and each holder of a related Serviced Companion Loan by electronic means the CREFC® net operating income adjustment worksheet upon request.

 

Certificate Owners and any holder of a Serviced Companion Loan who are also Privileged Persons may also obtain access to any of the certificate administrator reports upon request and pursuant to the provisions of the PSA. Otherwise, until the time Definitive Certificates are issued to evidence the certificates, the information described above will be available to the related Certificate Owners only if DTC and its participants provide the information to the Certificate Owners. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Book-Entry Registration Will Mean You Will Not Be Recognized as a Holder of Record”.

 

Privileged Person” includes the depositor and its designees, the initial purchasers, the underwriters, the mortgage loan sellers, the master servicer, the special servicer, any Excluded Special Servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, any additional servicer designated by the master servicer or the special servicer, the operating advisor, any affiliate of the operating advisor designated by the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, any holder of a Companion Loan who provides an Investor Certification, any Non-Serviced Master Servicer, any Other Master Servicer, any person (including the Directing Certificateholder [or the Risk Retention Consultation Party]) who provides the certificate administrator with an Investor Certification and any nationally recognized statistical rating organization within the meaning of Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act (“NRSRO”), including any Rating Agency, that delivers an NRSRO Certification to the certificate administrator, which Investor Certification and NRSRO Certification may be submitted electronically via the certificate administrator’s website; provided that in no event may a Borrower Party (other than a Borrower Party that is [the Risk Retention Consultation Party or] the special servicer) be entitled to receive (i) if such party is the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder (each such party, as applicable, an “Excluded Controlling Class Holder”), any Excluded Information via the certificate administrator’s website unless a loan-by-loan segregation is later performed by the certificate administrator, in which case such access will only be prohibited with respect to the related Excluded Controlling Class Loans, and (ii) if such party is not the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder [or the Risk Retention Consultation Party], any information other than the Distribution Date Statement; provided, that, if the special servicer becomes a Borrower Party, the special servicer will covenant in the PSA not to view or otherwise retrieve any information solely related to any related Excluded Special Servicer Loan, which may include any asset status reports, Final Asset Status Reports (or summaries thereof), and such other information as may be specified in the PSA pertaining to such Excluded Special Servicer Loan; provided, further, that the special servicer will at all times be a Privileged Person, despite such restriction on information; provided, further, that any Excluded Controlling Class Holder will be permitted to obtain from the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, in accordance with terms of the PSA and subject to the limitations set forth therein, any Excluded Information relating to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan with respect to which such Excluded Controlling Class Holder is not a Borrower Party (if such Excluded Information is not otherwise available to such Excluded Controlling Class Holder via the certificate administrator’s website because of its Excluded Controlling Class Holder status). Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary herein, neither the master servicer nor the certificate administrator will have any obligation to restrict access by the special servicer or any Excluded Special Servicer to any information related to any Mortgage Loan including any Excluded Special Servicer Loan.

 

In determining whether any person is an additional servicer or an affiliate of the operating advisor, the certificate administrator may rely on a certification by the master servicer, the special servicer, a mortgage loan seller or the operating advisor, as the case may be.

 

Borrower Party” means a borrower, a mortgagor, a manager of a Mortgaged Property, the holder of a mezzanine loan that has been accelerated or as to which foreclosure or enforcement proceedings have been commenced against the equity collateral pledged to secure the related mezzanine loan, or any Borrower Party Affiliate.

 

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Borrower Party Affiliate” means, with respect to a borrower, a mortgagor, a manager of a Mortgaged Property or the holder of a mezzanine loan that has been accelerated or as to which foreclosure or enforcement proceedings have been commenced against the equity collateral pledged to secure the related mezzanine loan, (a) any other person controlling or controlled by or under common control with such borrower, mortgagor, manager or mezzanine lender, as applicable, or (b) any other person owning, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the beneficial interests in such borrower, mortgagor, manager or mezzanine lender, as applicable. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified person means the power to direct the management and policies of such person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

 

Excluded Controlling Class Loan” means a Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan with respect to which the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder, as applicable, is a Borrower Party.

 

Excluded Information” means, with respect to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan, any information solely related to such Excluded Controlling Class Loan, which may include any asset status reports, Final Asset Status Reports (or summaries thereof), inspection reports related to Specially Serviced Loans conducted by the special servicer or any Excluded Special Servicer and such other information as may be specified in the PSA specifically pertaining to such Excluded Controlling Class Loan and/or the related Mortgaged Properties, other than such information with respect to such Excluded Controlling Class Loan(s) that is aggregated with information of other Mortgage Loans at a pool level and other than CREFC® Reports (other than the CREFC® Special Servicer Loan File for the related Excluded Controlling Class Loan).

 

Excluded DCH Loan” means a Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan with respect to which the Directing Certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the Controlling Class is a Borrower Party. It is expected that there will be no Excluded DCH Loans as of the Closing Date with respect to this securitization.

 

[“Excluded RRCP Loan” means a Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan with respect to which, as of any date of determination, the Risk Retention Consultation Party or the holder of the majority of the VRR Interest is a Borrower Party.][INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST]

 

Investor Certification” means a certificate (which may be in electronic form), substantially in the form attached to the PSA or in the form of an electronic certification contained on the certificate administrator’s website (which may be a click-through confirmation), representing (i) that such person executing the certificate is a Certificateholder[, the Risk Retention Consultation Party] or the Directing Certificateholder (to the extent such person is not a Certificateholder), a beneficial owner of a certificate, [the Risk Retention Consultation Party,] a Companion Holder or a prospective purchaser of a certificate (or any investment advisor, manager or other representative of the foregoing), (ii) that either (a) such person is [the Risk Retention Consultation Party or is a person who is] not a Borrower Party, in which case such person will have access to all the reports and information made available to Certificateholders via the certificate administrator’s website under the PSA, or (b) such person is a Borrower Party, in which case (1) if such person is the Directing Certificateholder or a Controlling Class Certificateholder, such person will have access to all the reports and information made available to Certificateholders via the certificate administrator’s website under the PSA other than any Excluded Information as set forth in the PSA[,] [or] (2) if such person is not the Directing Certificateholder or a Controlling Class Certificateholder, such person will only receive access to the Distribution Date Statements prepared by the certificate administrator [or (3) if such person is the Risk Retention Consultation Party, such person will have access to all the reports and information made available to Certificateholders via the certificate administrator’s website under the PSA], (iii) except in the case of a Companion Holder, that such person has received a copy of the final prospectus and (iv) such person agrees to keep any Privileged Information confidential and will not violate any securities laws; provided, that any Excluded Controlling Class Holder (i) will be permitted to obtain from the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, in accordance with terms of PSA, any Excluded Information relating to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan with respect to which such Excluded Controlling Class Holder is not a Borrower Party (if such Excluded Information is not otherwise available to such Excluded Controlling Class Holder via the certificate administrator’s website

 

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because of its Excluded Controlling Class Holder status) and (ii) will be considered a Privileged Person for all other purposes, except with respect to its ability to obtain information with respect to any related Excluded Controlling Class Loan. The certificate administrator may require that Investor Certifications be resubmitted from time to time in accordance with its policies and procedures.

 

A “Certificateholder” is the person in whose name a certificate is registered in the certificate register or any beneficial owner thereof; provided, that solely for the purposes of giving any consent, approval, waiver or taking any action pursuant to the PSA, any certificate registered in the name of or beneficially owned by the master servicer, the special servicer (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any Excluded Special Servicer), the trustee, the certificate administrator, the depositor, any mortgage loan seller, a Borrower Party, or any affiliate of any of such persons will be deemed not to be outstanding (provided, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, (x) any Controlling Class certificates owned by an Excluded Controlling Class Holder will not be deemed to be outstanding as to such Excluded Controlling Class Holder solely with respect to any related Excluded Controlling Class Loan and (y) any Controlling Class certificates owned by the special servicer or an affiliate thereof will not be deemed to be outstanding as to the special servicer or such affiliate solely with respect to any related Excluded Special Servicer Loan), and the Voting Rights to which it is entitled will not be taken into account in determining whether the requisite percentage of Voting Rights necessary to effect any such consent, approval, waiver or take any such action has been obtained; provided, that the foregoing restrictions will not apply in the case of the master servicer, the special servicer (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any Excluded Special Servicer), the trustee, the certificate administrator, the depositor, any mortgage loan seller or any affiliate of any of such persons unless such consent, approval or waiver sought from such party would in any way increase its compensation or limit its obligations in the named capacities under the PSA or waive a Servicer Termination Event or trigger an Asset Review with respect to such Mortgage Loan; provided, further, that so long as there is no Servicer Termination Event with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, the master servicer and the special servicer or such affiliate of either will be entitled to exercise such Voting Rights with respect to any issue which could reasonably be believed to adversely affect such party’s compensation or increase its obligations or liabilities under the PSA; and provided, further, that such restrictions will not apply to (i) the exercise of the special servicer’s, the master servicer’s or any mortgage loan seller’s rights, if any, or any of their affiliates as a member of the Controlling Class or (ii) any affiliate of the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator that has provided an Investor Certification in which it has certified as to the existence of certain policies and procedures restricting the flow of information between it and the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable.

 

NRSRO Certification” means a certification (a) executed by an NRSRO or (b) provided electronically and executed by such NRSRO by means of a “click-through” confirmation on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in favor of the 17g-5 Information Provider that states that such NRSRO is a Rating Agency as such term is defined in the PSA or that such NRSRO has provided the depositor with the appropriate certifications pursuant to paragraph (e) of Rule 17g-5 under the Exchange Act (“Rule 17g-5”), that such NRSRO has access to the depositor’s 17g-5 Information Provider’s website, and that such NRSRO will keep such information confidential except to the extent such information has been made available to the general public.

 

Under the PSA, with respect to a Subordinate Companion Loan, the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, is required to provide to the holder of such Subordinate Companion Loan or Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder, as applicable, certain other reports, copies and information relating to an AB Whole Loan. In addition, under the PSA, the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, is required to provide to the holders of any Companion Loan (or their designee including any master servicer or special servicer) certain other reports, copies and information relating to the related Serviced Whole Loan to the extent required under the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Certain information concerning the Mortgage Loans and the certificates, including the Distribution Date statements, CREFC® reports and supplemental notices with respect to such Distribution Date

 

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statements and CREFC® reports, may be provided by the certificate administrator to certain market data providers, such as [__________], pursuant to the terms of the PSA.

 

[Upon the reasonable request of any Certificateholder that has delivered an Investor Certification, the master servicer may provide (or forward electronically) at the expense of such Certificateholder copies of any appraisals, operating statements, rent rolls and financial statements obtained by the master servicer; provided, that in connection with such request, the master servicer may require a written confirmation executed by the requesting person substantially in such form as may be reasonably acceptable to the master servicer, generally to the effect that such person will keep such information confidential and will use such information only for the purpose of analyzing asset performance and evaluating any continuing rights the Certificateholder may have under the PSA. Certificateholders will not, however, be given access to or be provided copies of, any Mortgage Files or Diligence Files.]

 

Information Available Electronically

 

The certificate administrator will make available to any Privileged Person via the certificate administrator’s website (and will make available to the general public this prospectus, Distribution Date statements, the PSA, the MLPAs and the SEC EDGAR filings referred to below:

 

 

the following “deal documents”:

 

 

this prospectus;

 

 

the PSA, each sub-servicing agreement delivered to the certificate administrator from and after the closing date, if any, and the MLPAs and any amendments and exhibits to those agreements; and

 

 

the CREFC® loan setup file delivered to the certificate administrator by the master servicer;

 

 

the following “SEC EDGAR filings”:

 

 

any reports on Forms 10-D, ABS-EE, 10-K and 8-K that have been filed by the certificate administrator with respect to the issuing entity through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering and Retrieval (EDGAR) system;

 

 

the following documents, which will be made available under a tab or heading designated “periodic reports”:

 

 

the Distribution Date statements;

 

 

the CREFC® bond level files;

 

 

the CREFC® collateral summary files;

 

 

the CREFC® Reports, other than the CREFC® loan setup file (provided that they are received by the certificate administrator); and

 

 

any annual reports prepared by the operating advisor;

 

 

the following documents, which will be made available under a tab or heading designated “additional documents”:

 

 

the summary of any Final Asset Status Report as provided by the special servicer; and

 

 

any property inspection reports, any environmental reports and appraisals delivered to the certificate administrator in electronic format;

 

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any appraisals delivered in connection with any Asset Status Report; and

 

 

the CREFC® Appraisal Reduction Template;

 

 

the following documents, which will be made available under a tab or heading designated “special notices”:

 

 

notice of any release based on an environmental release under the PSA;

 

 

notice of any waiver, modification or amendment of any term of any Mortgage Loan;

 

 

notice of final payment on the certificates;

 

 

all notices of the occurrence of any Servicer Termination Event received by the certificate administrator or any notice to Certificateholders of the termination of the master servicer or the special servicer;

 

 

any notice of resignation or termination of the master servicer or special servicer;

 

 

notice of resignation of the trustee or the certificate administrator, and notice of the acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee or the successor certificate administrator, as applicable;

 

 

any notice of any request by requisite percentage of Certificateholders for a vote to terminate the special servicer, the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer;

 

 

any notice to Certificateholders of the operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer and the related report prepared by the operating advisor in connection with such recommendation;

 

 

notice of resignation or termination of the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer and notice of the acceptance of appointment by the successor operating advisor or the successor asset representations reviewer;

 

 

notice of the certificate administrator’s determination that an Asset Review Trigger has occurred and a copy of any Final Asset Review Report received by the certificate administrator;

 

 

any notice of the termination of a sub-servicer;

 

 

officer’s certificates supporting any determination that any Advance was (or, if made, would be) a Nonrecoverable Advance;

 

 

any notice of the termination of the issuing entity;

 

 

any notice that a Control Termination Event has occurred or is terminated or that a Consultation Termination Event has occurred or is terminated;

 

 

[any notice that an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred or is terminated;]

 

 

any notice of the occurrence of an Operating Advisor Termination Event;

 

 

any notice of the occurrence of an Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event;

 

 

any assessment of compliance delivered to the certificate administrator; and

 

 

any Attestation Reports delivered to the certificate administrator;

 

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any “special notices” requested by a Certificateholder to be posted on the certificate administrator’s website described under “—Certificateholder Communication” below;

 

 

any notice or documents provided to the certificate administrator by the Depositor or the master servicer for posting to the “Special Notices” tab;

 

 

the “Investor Q&A Forum”;

 

 

solely to Certificateholders and Certificate Owners that are Privileged Persons, the “Investor Registry”; and

 

 

the “Risk Retention Special Notices” tab;

 

provided, that with respect to a Control Termination Event or Consultation Termination Event that is deemed to exist due solely to the existence of an Excluded DCH Loan, the certificate administrator will only be required to provide notice of the occurrence and continuance of such event if it has been notified of or has knowledge of the existence of such Excluded DCH Loan.

 

Notwithstanding the description set forth above, all Excluded Information will be made available on the certificate administrator’s website under one separate restricted tab or heading rather than under the headings described above in the preceding paragraph.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder, as applicable, is an Excluded Controlling Class Holder, such Excluded Controlling Class Holder is required to promptly notify each of the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the trustee and the certificate administrator pursuant to the PSA and provide an Investor Certification pursuant to the PSA and will not be entitled to access any Excluded Information (unless a loan-by-loan segregation is later performed by the certificate administrator in which case such access will only be prohibited with respect to the related Excluded Controlling Class Loan(s)) made available on the certificate administrator’s website for so long as it is an Excluded Controlling Class Holder. The PSA will require each Excluded Controlling Class Holder in such new Investor Certification to certify that it acknowledges and agrees that it is prohibited from accessing and reviewing (and it agrees not to access and review) any Excluded Information. In addition, if the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder is not an Excluded Controlling Class Holder, such person will certify and agree that they will not share any Excluded Information with any Excluded Controlling Class Holder.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing set forth in the PSA will prohibit the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder from receiving, requesting or reviewing any Excluded Information relating to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan with respect to which such party is not a Borrower Party and, if such Excluded Information is not available to such party via the certificate administrator’s website because of such party’s Excluded Controlling Class Holder status, such party will be permitted to obtain such information in accordance with terms of the PSA, and each of the master servicer and the special servicer may require and rely on such certifications and other reasonable information prior to releasing any such information.

 

Any reports on Form 10-D filed by the certificate administrator will contain (i) the information required by Rule 15Ga-1(a) concerning all Mortgage Loans of the issuing entity that were the subject of a demand to repurchase or replace due to a breach of one or more representations and warranties, (ii) a reference to the most recent Form ABS-15G filed by the depositor and the mortgage loan sellers, if applicable, and the SEC’s assigned “Central Index Key” for each such filer and (iii) certain account balances to the extent available to the certificate administrator. Such report on Form 10-D will also incorporate the most recent Form ABS-EE filing by reference (which such Form ABS-EE will be filed on or prior to the filing of the applicable report on Form 10-D).

 

The certificate administrator will not make any representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any report, document or other information made available on the certificate administrator’s website and will assume no responsibility for any such report, document or other

 

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information, other than with respect to such reports, documents or other information prepared by the certificate administrator. In addition, the certificate administrator may disclaim responsibility for any information distributed by it for which it is not the original source.

 

In connection with providing access to the certificate administrator’s website (other than with respect to access provided to the general public in accordance with the PSA), the certificate administrator may require registration and the acceptance of a disclaimer, including an agreement to keep certain nonpublic information made available on the website confidential, as required under the PSA. The certificate administrator will not be liable for the dissemination of information in accordance therewith.

 

The certificate administrator will make the “Investor Q&A Forum” available to Privileged Persons via the certificate administrator’s website under a tab or heading designated “Investor Q&A Forum”, where (i) Certificateholders and beneficial owners that are Privileged Persons may submit inquiries to (a) the certificate administrator relating to the Distribution Date statements, (b) the master servicer or the special servicer relating to servicing reports, the Mortgage Loans (excluding the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or the related Mortgaged Properties or (c) the operating advisor relating to annual or other reports prepared by the operating advisor or actions by the special servicer referenced in such reports, and (ii) Privileged Persons may view previously submitted inquiries and related answers. The certificate administrator will forward such inquiries to the appropriate person and, in the case of an inquiry relating to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, to the applicable party under the Non-Serviced PSA. The certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer or the operating advisor, as applicable, will be required to answer each inquiry, unless such party determines (i) the question is beyond the scope of the topics detailed above, (ii) that answering the inquiry would not be in the best interests of the issuing entity and/or the Certificateholders, (iii) that answering the inquiry would be in violation of applicable law, the PSA (including requirements in respect of non-disclosure of Privileged Information) or the Mortgage Loan documents, (iv) that answering the inquiry would materially increase the duties of, or result in significant additional cost or expense to, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer or the operating advisor, as applicable, (v) that answering the inquiry would require the disclosure of Privileged Information (subject to the Privileged Information Exception) or (vi) that answering the inquiry is otherwise, for any reason, not advisable. In addition, no party will post or otherwise disclose any direct communications with the Directing Certificateholder [or the Risk Retention Consultation Party (in its capacity as Risk Retention Consultation Party)] as part of its responses to any inquiries. In the case of an inquiry relating to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the certificate administrator is required to make reasonable efforts to obtain an answer from the applicable party under the Non-Serviced PSA; provided, that the certificate administrator will not be responsible for the content of such answer, or any delay or failure to obtain such answer. The certificate administrator will be required to post the inquiries and related answers, if any, on the Investor Q&A Forum, subject to and in accordance with the PSA. The Investor Q&A Forum may not reflect questions, answers and other communications that are not submitted through the certificate administrator’s website. Answers posted on the Investor Q&A Forum will be attributable only to the respondent, and will not be deemed to be answers from any of the depositor, the underwriters or any of their respective affiliates. None of the underwriters, depositor, any of their respective affiliates or any other person will certify as to the accuracy of any of the information posted in the Investor Q&A Forum and no such person will have any responsibility or liability for the content of any such information.

 

The certificate administrator will make the “Investor Registry” available to any Certificateholder and beneficial owner that is a Privileged Person via the certificate administrator’s website. Certificateholders and beneficial owners may register on a voluntary basis for the “Investor Registry” and obtain contact information for any other Certificateholder or beneficial owner that has also registered, provided, that they comply with certain requirements as provided for in the PSA.

 

The certificate administrator’s internet website will initially be located at “www.[______]”. Access will be provided by the certificate administrator to such persons upon receipt by the certificate administrator from such person of an Investor Certification or NRSRO Certification in the form(s) attached to the PSA, which form(s) will also be located on and submitted electronically via the certificate administrator’s internet website. The parties to the PSA will not be required to provide that certification. In connection

 

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with providing access to the certificate administrator’s internet website, the certificate administrator may require registration and the acceptance of a disclaimer. The certificate administrator will not be liable for the dissemination of information in accordance with the terms of the PSA. The certificate administrator will make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of such documents and will assume no responsibility for them. In addition, the certificate administrator may disclaim responsibility for any information distributed by the certificate administrator for which it is not the original source. Assistance in using the certificate administrator’s internet website can be obtained by calling the certificate administrator’s customer service desk at [________].

 

The certificate administrator is responsible for the preparation of tax returns on behalf of the issuing entity and the preparation of Distribution Reports on Form 10-D (based on information included in each monthly Statement to Certificateholders and other information provided by other transaction parties) and Annual Reports on Form 10-K and certain other reports on Form 8-K that are required to be filed with the SEC on behalf of the issuing entity.

 

17g-5 Information Provider” means the [certificate administrator].

 

The master servicer and the special servicer, subject to certain restrictions (including execution and delivery of a confidentiality agreement) set forth in the PSA, may each provide certain of the reports or, with respect to a Controlling Class Certificateholder, will be required to provide access to the reports available as set forth above. The master servicer and the special servicer may each also deliver certain other information received by it to any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner that requests reports or information. However, each of the master servicer and the special servicer will be permitted to require payment of a sum sufficient to cover the reasonable costs and expenses of providing copies of these reports or information (which such amounts in any event are not reimbursable as additional trust fund expenses), except that, other than for extraordinary or duplicate requests, prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to reports and information free of charge. Except as otherwise set forth in this paragraph, until the time definitive certificates are issued, notices and statements required to be mailed to holders of certificates will be available to Certificate Owners of certificates only to the extent they are forwarded by or otherwise available through DTC and its Participants. Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to Participants, and by Participants to Certificate Owners, will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Except as otherwise set forth in this paragraph, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator and the depositor are required to recognize as Certificateholders only those persons in whose names the certificates are registered on the books and records of the certificate registrar. The initial registered holder of the certificates will be Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC.

 

Voting Rights

 

At all times during the term of the PSA, the voting rights for the certificates (the “Voting Rights”) will be allocated among the respective classes of Certificateholders as follows:

 

(1) [__]% in the case of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES], allocated pro rata, based upon their respective Notional Amounts as of the date of determination, and

 

(2) in the case of any Principal Balance Certificates, a percentage equal to the product of [__]% and a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the aggregate Certificate Balance (and solely in connection with certain votes relating to the replacement of the special servicer and operating advisor as described in this prospectus, taking into account any notional reduction in the Certificate Balance for Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocated to the certificates) of the class, in each case, determined as of the prior Determination Date, and the denominator of which is equal to the aggregate Certificate Balance (and solely in connection with certain votes relating to the replacement of the special servicer and the operating advisor as described in this prospectus, taking into account any notional reduction in the Certificate Balance for Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts

 

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allocated to the certificates) of the Principal Balance Certificates, each determined as of the prior Determination Date;

 

For purposes of such allocations, the Class [A] certificates and the Class [EC] Component [A] of the Class [EC] certificates will be considered as if they together constitute a single “class”, the Class [B] certificates and the Class [EC] Component [B] of the Class [EC] certificates will be considered as if they together constitute a single “class”, and the Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] Component [C] of the Class [EC] certificates will be considered as if they together constitute a single “class”. Voting Rights will be allocated to the Class [EC] certificates only with respect to each Trust Component that is part of a class of certificates determined as described in the preceding sentence.

 

The Voting Rights of any class of certificates are required to be allocated among Certificateholders of such class in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests.

 

None of the Class [ARD] certificates, the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates or the Class R certificates will be entitled to any Voting Rights.

 

Delivery, Form, Transfer and Denomination

 

The Offered Certificates (other than the [INTEREST-ONLY] certificates) will be issued, maintained and transferred in the book-entry form only in minimum denominations of $10,000 initial Certificate Balance, and in multiples of $1 in excess of $10,000. The [INTEREST-ONLY] certificates will be issued, maintained and transferred only in minimum denominations of authorized initial Notional Amounts of not less than $1,000,000 and in integral multiples of $1 in excess of $1,000,000.

 

Book-Entry Registration

 

The Offered Certificates will initially be represented by one or more global certificates for each such class registered in the name of a nominee of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”). The depositor has been informed by DTC that DTC’s nominee will be Cede & Co. No holder of an Offered Certificate will be entitled to receive a certificate issued in fully registered, certificated form (each, a “Definitive Certificate”) representing its interest in such class, except under the limited circumstances described under “—Definitive Certificates” below. Unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued, all references to actions by holders of the Offered Certificates will refer to actions taken by DTC upon instructions received from holders of Offered Certificates through its participating organizations (together with Clearstream Banking, S.A. (“Clearstream”) and Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System (“Euroclear”) participating organizations, the “Participants”), and all references in this prospectus to payments, notices, reports, statements and other information to holders of Offered Certificates will refer to payments, notices, reports and statements to DTC or Cede & Co., as the registered holder of the Offered Certificates, for distribution to holders of Offered Certificates through its Participants in accordance with DTC procedures; provided, however, that to the extent that the party to the PSA responsible for distributing any report, statement or other information has been provided in writing with the name of the Certificate Owner of such an Offered Certificate (or the prospective transferee of such Certificate Owner), such report, statement or other information will be provided to such Certificate Owner (or prospective transferee).

 

Until Definitive Certificates are issued in respect of the Offered Certificates, interests in the Offered Certificates will be transferred on the book-entry records of DTC and its Participants. The certificate administrator will initially serve as certificate registrar for purposes of recording and otherwise providing for the registration of the Offered Certificates.

 

Holders of Offered Certificates may hold their certificates through DTC (in the United States) or Clearstream or Euroclear (in Europe) if they are Participants of such system, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in such systems. Clearstream and Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on behalf of the Clearstream Participants and the Euroclear Participants, respectively, through customers’ securities accounts in Clearstream’s and Euroclear’s names on the books of their respective depositaries (collectively, the “Depositaries”), which in turn will hold such positions in customers’ securities accounts in the Depositaries’ names on the books of DTC. DTC is a limited purpose trust

 

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company organized under the New York Banking Law, a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC was created to hold securities for its Participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between Participants through electronic computerized book-entries, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Participants (“DTC Participants”) include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations. Indirect access to the DTC system also is available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”).

 

Transfers between DTC Participants will occur in accordance with DTC rules. Transfers between Clearstream Participants and Euroclear Participants will occur in accordance with the applicable rules and operating procedures of Clearstream and Euroclear.

 

Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly through DTC, on the one hand, and directly through Clearstream Participants or Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in accordance with DTC rules on behalf of the relevant European international clearing system by its Depositary; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to the relevant European international clearing system by the counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and procedures and within its established deadlines (European time). The relevant European international clearing system will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its Depositary to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving securities in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Clearstream Participants and Euroclear Participants may not deliver instructions directly to the Depositaries.

 

Because of time-zone differences, credits of securities in Clearstream or Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a DTC Participant will be made during the subsequent securities settlement processing, dated the business day following the DTC settlement date, and such credits or any transactions in such securities settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant Clearstream Participant or Euroclear Participant on such business day. Cash received in Clearstream or Euroclear as a result of sales of securities by or through a Clearstream Participant or a Euroclear Participant to a DTC Participant will be received with value on the DTC settlement date but will be available in the relevant Clearstream or Euroclear cash account only as of the business day following settlement in DTC.

 

The holders of Offered Certificates that are not Participants or Indirect Participants but desire to purchase, sell or otherwise transfer ownership of, or other interests in, such Offered Certificates may do so only through Participants and Indirect Participants. In addition, holders of Offered Certificates in global form (“Certificate Owners”) will receive all distributions of principal and interest through the Participants who in turn will receive them from DTC. Under a book-entry format, holders of such Offered Certificates may experience some delay in their receipt of payments, since such payments will be forwarded by the certificate administrator to Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC. DTC will forward such payments to its Participants, which thereafter will forward them to Indirect Participants or the applicable Certificate Owners. Certificate Owners will not be recognized by the trustee, the certificate administrator, the certificate registrar, the operating advisor, the special servicer or the master servicer as holders of record of certificates and Certificate Owners will be permitted to receive information furnished to Certificateholders and to exercise the rights of Certificateholders only indirectly through DTC and its Participants and Indirect Participants, except that Certificate Owners will be entitled to receive or have access to notices and information and to exercise certain rights as holders of beneficial interests in the certificates through the certificate administrator and the trustee to the extent described in “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”, “—Certificateholder Communication” and “—List of Certificateholders” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”, “—The Asset Representations Reviewer”, “—Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause”, “—Limitation on Rights of Certificateholders to Institute a Proceeding”, “—Termination; Retirement of Certificates” and “—Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator”.

 

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Under the rules, regulations and procedures creating and affecting DTC and its operations (the “DTC Rules”), DTC is required to make book-entry transfers of Offered Certificates in global form among Participants on whose behalf it acts with respect to such Offered Certificates and to receive and transmit distributions of principal of, and interest on, such Offered Certificates. Participants and Indirect Participants with which the Certificate Owners have accounts with respect to the Offered Certificates similarly are required to make book-entry transfers and receive and transmit such payments on behalf of their respective Certificate Owners. Accordingly, although the Certificate Owners will not possess the Offered Certificates, the DTC Rules provide a mechanism by which Certificate Owners will receive payments on Offered Certificates and will be able to transfer their interest.

 

Because DTC can only act on behalf of Participants, who in turn act on behalf of Indirect Participants and certain banks, the ability of a holder of Offered Certificates in global form to pledge such Offered Certificates to persons or entities that do not participate in the DTC system, or to otherwise act with respect to such Offered Certificates, may be limited due to the lack of a physical certificate for such Offered Certificates.

 

DTC has advised the depositor that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a holder of an Offered Certificate under the PSA only at the direction of one or more Participants to whose accounts with DTC such certificate is credited. DTC may take conflicting actions with respect to other undivided interests to the extent that such actions are taken on behalf of Participants whose holdings include such undivided interests.

 

Clearstream is incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg and is a global securities settlement clearing house. Clearstream holds securities for its participating organizations (“Clearstream Participants”) and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between Clearstream Participants through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of Clearstream Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Transactions may be settled in Clearstream in numerous currencies, including United States dollars. Clearstream provides to its Clearstream Participants, among other things, services for safekeeping, administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities and securities lending and borrowing. Clearstream interfaces with domestic markets in several countries. Clearstream is regulated as a bank by the Luxembourg Monetary Institute. Clearstream Participants are recognized financial institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations and may include the underwriters. Indirect access to Clearstream is also available to others, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Clearstream Participant, either directly or indirectly.

 

Euroclear was created in 1968 to hold securities for participants of the Euroclear system (“Euroclear Participants”) and to clear and settle transactions between Euroclear Participants through simultaneous electronic book-entry delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates and any risk from lack of simultaneous transfers of securities and cash. Transactions may now be settled in any of numerous currencies, including United States dollars. The Euroclear system includes various other services, including securities lending and borrowing and interfaces with domestic markets in several countries generally similar to the arrangements for cross-market transfers with DTC described above. Euroclear is operated by Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. (the “Euroclear Operator”). All operations are conducted by the Euroclear Operator, and all Euroclear securities clearance accounts and Euroclear cash accounts are accounts with the Euroclear Operator. Euroclear Participants include banks (including central banks), securities brokers and dealers and other professional financial intermediaries and may include the underwriters. Indirect access to the Euroclear system is also available to other firms that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Euroclear Participant, either directly or indirectly.

 

Securities clearance accounts and cash accounts with the Euroclear Operator are governed by the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and the related operating procedures of the Euroclear System and applicable Belgian law (collectively, the “Terms and Conditions”). The Terms and Conditions govern transfers of securities and cash within the Euroclear system, withdrawal of securities and cash from the Euroclear system, and receipts of payments with respect to securities in the Euroclear system. All securities in the Euroclear system are held on a fungible basis without attribution of specific certificates

 

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to specific securities clearance accounts. The Euroclear Operator acts under the Terms and Conditions only on behalf of Euroclear Participants and has no record of or relationship with persons holding through Euroclear Participants.

 

Although DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream have implemented the foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfers of interests in book-entry securities among Participants of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, they are under no obligation to perform or to continue to comply with such procedures, and such procedures may be discontinued at any time. None of the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer or the underwriters will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their respective direct or indirect Participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their operations.

 

Definitive Certificates

 

Owners of beneficial interests in book-entry certificates of any class will not be entitled to receive physical delivery of Definitive Certificates unless: (i) DTC advises the certificate registrar in writing that DTC is no longer willing or able to discharge properly its responsibilities as depository with respect to the book-entry certificates of such class or ceases to be a clearing agency, and the certificate administrator and the depositor are unable to locate a qualified successor within 90 days of such notice or (ii) the trustee has instituted or has been directed to institute any judicial proceeding to enforce the rights of the Certificateholders of such class and the trustee has been advised by counsel that in connection with such proceeding it is necessary or appropriate for the trustee to obtain possession of the certificates of such class.

 

Certificateholder Communication

 

Access to Certificateholders’ Names and Addresses

 

Upon the written request of any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner that has delivered an executed Investor Certification to the trustee or the certificate administrator (a “Certifying Certificateholder”), the certificate registrar will promptly furnish or cause to be furnished to such requesting party a list of the names and addresses of the certificateholders as of the most recent Record Date as they appear in the certificate register, at the expense of the requesting party.

 

Requests to Communicate

 

The PSA will require that the certificate administrator include in any Form 10–D any request received prior to the Distribution Date to which the Form 10-D relates (and on or after the Distribution Date preceding such Distribution Date) from a Certificateholder or Certificate Owner to communicate with other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners related to Certificateholders or Certificate Owners exercising their rights under the terms of the PSA. Any Form 10-D containing such disclosure regarding the request to communicate is required to include no more than the name of the Certificateholder or Certificate Owner making the request, the date the request was received, a statement to the effect that certificate administrator has received such request, stating that such Certificateholder or Certificate Owner is interested in communicating with other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners with regard to the possible exercise of rights under the PSA, and a description of the method other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners may use to contact the requesting Certificateholder or Certificate Owner.

 

Any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner wishing to communicate with other Certificateholders and Certificate Owners regarding the exercise of its rights under the terms of the PSA (such party, a “Requesting Investor”) should deliver a written request (a “Communication Request”) signed by an authorized representative of the Requesting Investor to the certificate administrator at the address below:

 

[____________]
[____________]
[____________]

 

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Any Communication Request must contain the method other Certificateholders and Certificate Owners should use to contact the Requesting Investor, and, if the Requesting Investors is not the registered holder of a class of certificates, then the Communication Request must contain (i) a written certification from the Requesting Investor that it is a beneficial owner of a class of certificates, and (ii) one of the following forms of documentation evidencing its beneficial ownership in such class of certificates: (A) a trade confirmation, (B) an account statement, (C) a medallion stamp guaranteed letter from a broker or dealer stating the Requesting Investor is the beneficial owner, or (D) a document acceptable to the certificate administrator that is similar to any of the documents identified in clauses (A) through (C). Requesting Investors will be responsible for their own expenses in making any Communication Request, but will not be required to bear any expenses of the certificate administrator.

 

List of Certificateholders

 

Upon the written request of any Certificateholder, which is required to include a copy of the communication the Certificateholder proposes to transmit, that has provided an Investor Certification, which request is made for purposes of communicating with other holders of certificates of the same series with respect to their rights under the PSA or the certificates, the certificate registrar or other specified person will, within 10 business days after receipt of such request afford such Certificateholder (at such Certificateholder’s sole cost and expense) access during normal business hours to the most recent list of Certificateholders related to the class of certificates.

 

Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements

 

General

 

On the Closing Date, the depositor will acquire the Mortgage Loans and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan from each mortgage loan seller pursuant to a separate mortgage loan purchase agreement (each, a “MLPA”), between the applicable mortgage loan seller and the depositor.

 

Under the applicable MLPA, the depositor will require each mortgage loan seller to deliver to [the certificate administrator], in its capacity as custodian, among other things, the following documents (except that the documents with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan (other than the original promissory note) will be held by the custodian under the Non-Serviced PSA) with respect to each Mortgage Loan and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan sold by the mortgage loan seller (collectively, as to each Mortgage Loan, the “Mortgage File”):

 

(i) the original Mortgage Note, endorsed on its face or by allonge attached to the Mortgage Note, without recourse, to the order of the trustee or in blank (or, if the original Mortgage Note has been lost, an affidavit to such effect from the applicable mortgage loan seller or another prior holder, together with a copy of the Mortgage Note and an indemnity properly assigned and endorsed to the trustee);

 

(ii) the original or a certified copy of the Mortgage, together with an original or copy of any intervening assignments of the Mortgage, in each case with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording;

 

(iii)     an original assignment of the Mortgage in favor of the trustee or in blank and (subject to the completion of certain missing recording information and, if applicable, the assignee’s name) in recordable form (or, if the related mortgage loan seller is responsible for the recordation of that assignment, a copy of such assignment to be sent for recordation);

 

(iv)     the original or a copy of any related assignment of leases and of any intervening assignments (if such item is a document separate from the Mortgage), with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording;

 

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(v)     an original assignment of any related assignment of leases (if such item is a document separate from the Mortgage) in favor of the trustee or in blank and (subject to the completion of certain missing recording information and, if applicable, the assignee’s name) in recordable form (or, if the related mortgage loan seller is responsible for the recordation of that assignment, a copy of such assignment to be sent for recordation);

 

(vi)     the original assignment of all unrecorded documents relating to the Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan, if not already assigned pursuant to items (iii) or (v) above;

 

(vii)    originals or copies of all modification, consolidation, assumption, written assurance and substitution agreements in those instances in which the terms or provisions of the Mortgage or Mortgage Note have been modified or the Mortgage Loan or the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan has been assumed or consolidated;

 

(viii)   the original or a copy of the policy or certificate of lender’s title insurance issued on the date of the origination of such Mortgage Loan and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, or, if such policy has not been issued or located, an irrevocable, binding commitment (which may be a marked version of the policy that has been executed by an authorized representative of the title company or an agreement to provide the same pursuant to binding escrow instructions executed by an authorized representative of the title company) to issue such title insurance policy;

 

(ix)     any filed copies (bearing evidence of filing) or evidence of filing of any Uniform Commercial Code financing statements, related amendments and continuation statements in the possession of the applicable mortgage loan seller;

 

(x)     an original assignment in favor of the trustee of any financing statement executed and filed in favor of the applicable mortgage loan seller in the relevant jurisdiction (or, if the related mortgage loan seller is responsible for the filing of that assignment, a copy of such assignment to be sent for filing);

 

(xi)     any intercreditor agreement relating to permitted debt of the borrower, including any Intercreditor Agreement relating to a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xii)    copies of any loan agreement, escrow agreement, security agreement or letter of credit relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xiii)   the original or copy of any ground lease, ground lessor estoppel, environmental insurance policy or guaranty relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xiv)   a copy of any property management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xv)    a copy of any franchise agreements and comfort letters or similar agreements relating to a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and, with respect to any franchise agreement, comfort letter or similar agreement, any assignment of such agreements or any notice to the franchisor of the transfer of a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and a request for confirmation that the issuing entity is a beneficiary of such comfort letter or other agreement, or for the issuance of a new comfort letter in favor of the issuing entity, as the case may be;

 

(xvi)   a copy of any lock-box or cash management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xvii)  a copy of any related mezzanine intercreditor agreement; and

 

(xviii) a copy of all related environmental reports that were received by the mortgage loan seller.

 

In addition, each mortgage loan seller will be required to deliver the Diligence File for each of its Mortgage Loans within 60 days after the Closing Date to the depositor by uploading such Diligence File to a

 

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designated website, and the depositor will be required to deliver to the certificate administrator an electronic copy of such Diligence File to be posted to a secure data room.

 

Diligence File” means, with respect to each Mortgage Loan, collectively the following documents in electronic format:

 

(i)     A copy of each of the following documents:

 

 

(1)

the Mortgage Note, endorsed on its face or by allonge attached to the Mortgage Note, without recourse, to the order of the trustee or in blank and further showing a complete, unbroken chain of endorsement from the originator (or, if the original Mortgage Note has been lost, an affidavit to such effect from the applicable mortgage loan seller or another prior holder, together with a copy of the Mortgage Note and an indemnity properly assigned and endorsed to the trustee); provided that any such Mortgage Note may be endorsed by the applicable mortgage loan seller to the order of the trustee in accordance with the terms of the related MLPA;

 

 

(2)

the Mortgage, together with any intervening assignments of Mortgage, in each case with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording (if in the possession of the applicable mortgage loan seller);

 

 

(3)

any related assignment of leases and of any intervening assignments (if any such item is a document separate from the Mortgage), in each case with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording (if in the possession of the applicable mortgage loan seller);

 

 

(4)

all modification, consolidation, assumption, written assurance and substitution agreements in those instances in which the terms or provisions of the Mortgage or Mortgage Note have been modified or the Mortgage Loan has been assumed or consolidated;

 

 

(5)

the policy or certificate of lender’s title insurance issued on the date of the origination of such Mortgage Loan, or, if such policy has not been issued or located, an irrevocable, binding commitment (which may be a marked version of the policy that has been executed by an authorized representative of the title company or an agreement to provide the same pursuant to binding escrow instructions executed by an authorized representative of the title company) to issue such title insurance policy;

 

 

(6)

any UCC financing statements, related amendments and continuation statements in the possession of the applicable mortgage loan seller;

 

 

(7)

any intercreditor agreement relating to permitted debt of the mortgagor, including any intercreditor agreement relating to a Serviced Whole Loan, and any related mezzanine intercreditor agreement;

 

 

(8)

any loan agreement, escrow agreement, security agreement or letter of credit relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

 

(9)

any ground lease, related ground lessor estoppel, indemnity or guaranty relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

 

(10)

any property management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

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(11)

any franchise agreements and comfort letters or similar agreements relating to a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and, with respect to any franchise agreement, comfort letter or similar agreement, any assignment of such agreements or any notice to the franchisor of the transfer of a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan;

 

 

(12)

any lock-box or cash management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

 

(13)

all related environmental reports; and

 

 

(14)

all related environmental insurance policies;

 

 

(ii)

a copy of any engineering reports or property condition reports;

 

 

(iii)

other than with respect to a hotel property (except with respect to tenanted commercial space within a hotel property), copies of a rent roll;

 

 

(iv)

for any office, retail, industrial or warehouse property, a copy of all leases and estoppels and subordination and non-disturbance agreements delivered to the related mortgage loan seller;

 

 

(v)

a copy of all legal opinions (excluding attorney-client communications between the related mortgage loan seller, and its counsel that are privileged communications or constitute legal or other due diligence analyses), if any, delivered in connection with the closing of the related Mortgage Loan;

 

 

(vi)

a copy of all mortgagor’s certificates of hazard insurance and/or hazard insurance policies or other applicable insurance policies (to the extent not previously included as part of this definition), if any, delivered in connection with the closing of the related Mortgage Loan;

 

 

(vii)

a copy of the appraisal for the related Mortgaged Property(ies);

 

 

(viii)

for any Mortgage Loan as to which the related Mortgaged Property is leased to a single tenant, a copy of the lease;

 

 

(ix)

a copy of the applicable mortgage loan seller’s asset summary;

 

 

(x)

a copy of all surveys for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties;

 

 

(xi)

a copy of all zoning reports;

 

 

(xii)

a copy of financial statements of the related mortgagor;

 

 

(xiii)

a copy of operating statements for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties;

 

 

(xiv)

a copy of all UCC searches;

 

 

(xv)

a copy of all litigation searches;

 

 

(xvi)

a copy of all bankruptcy searches;

 

 

(xvii)

a copy of any origination settlement statement;

 

 

(xviii)

a copy of the insurance summary report;

 

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(xix)

a copy of the organizational documents of the related mortgagor and any guarantor;

 

(xx)

unless already included in the origination settlement statement, a copy of the escrow statements related to the escrow account balances as of the Mortgage Loan origination date;

 

(xxi)

unless already included in the environmental reports, a copy of any closure letter (environmental);

 

(xxii)

a copy of any environmental remediation agreement for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties; and

 

(xxiii)

a copy of the payment history with respect to such Mortgage Loan prior to the Closing Date;

 

in each case, to the extent that the originator received such documents in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan. In the event any of the items identified above were not included in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan, the Diligence File will be required to include a statement to that effect. No information that is proprietary to the related originator or mortgage loan seller or any draft documents or privileged or internal communications or credit underwriting or due diligence analysis will constitute part of the Diligence File. It is generally not required to include any of the same items identified above again if such items have already been included under another clause of the definition of Diligence File, and the Diligence File will be required to include a statement to that effect. The mortgage loan seller may, without any obligation to do so, include such other documents as part of the Diligence File that such mortgage loan seller believes should be included to enable the asset representations reviewer to perform the Asset Review on such Mortgage Loan; provided that such documents are clearly labeled and identified.

 

Each MLPA will contain certain representations and warranties of the applicable mortgage loan seller with respect to each Mortgage Loan [and the Subordinate Companion Loan] sold by that mortgage loan seller. Those representations and warranties are set forth in Annex D-1, and will be made as of the Closing Date, or as of another date specifically provided in the representation and warranty, subject to certain exceptions to such representations and warranties as set forth in Annex D-2.

 

If any of the documents required to be included in the Mortgage File for any Mortgage Loan or the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan is missing from the Mortgage File or defective or if there is a breach of a representation or warranty relating to any Mortgage Loan or the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, and, in either case, such omission, breach or defect materially and adversely affects the value of the related Mortgage Loan or the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, the value of the related Mortgaged Property or the interests of any Certificateholders in the Mortgage Loan, the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or Mortgaged Property or causes the Mortgage Loan or the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan to be other than a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3) (a “Material Defect”), the applicable mortgage loan seller will be required to, no later than 90 days following:

 

(x) such mortgage loan seller’s receipt of notice of the Material Defect from any party to the PSA (a “Breach Notice”), except in the case of the following clause (y); or

 

(y) in the case of such Material Defect that would cause the Mortgage Loan or the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan not to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective Mortgage Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan to be treated as a qualified mortgage, the earlier of (A) the discovery by any party to the PSA of the such Material Defect, or (B) receipt of a Breach Notice by the mortgage loan seller,

 

(1)       cure such Material Defect in all material respects, at its own expense,

 

(2)       repurchase the affected Mortgage Loan and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or REO Loan at the Purchase Price, or

 

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(3)       substitute a Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan (other than with respect to the Whole Loans, as applicable, for which no substitution will be permitted) for such affected Mortgage Loan, and pay a shortfall amount in connection with such substitution.

 

provided, that no such substitution may occur on or after the second anniversary of the Closing Date [, and the applicable mortgage loan seller may not repurchase the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan without repurchasing the related Mortgage Loan]; provided, however, that the applicable mortgage loan seller will generally have an additional 90-day period to cure such Material Defect (or, failing such cure, to repurchase the affected Mortgage Loan and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or REO Loan or, if applicable, substitute a Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan (other than with respect to the related Whole Loans, for which no substitution will be permitted), if it is diligently proceeding toward that cure, and has delivered to the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator (who will promptly deliver a copy of such officer’s certificate to the 17g-5 Information Provider), the trustee, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and, prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder, an officer’s certificate that describes the reasons that a cure was not effected within the initial 90-day period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there will be no such 90-day extension, if such Material Defect would cause the related Mortgage Loan or the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan not to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective Mortgage Loan to be treated as a qualified mortgage.

 

No delay in either the discovery of a Material Defect or in providing notice of such Material Defect will relieve the applicable mortgage loan seller of its obligation to repurchase the related Mortgage Loan and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan unless (i) the mortgage loan seller did not otherwise discover or have knowledge of such Material Defect and (ii) such delay is the result of the failure by a party to the PSA to promptly provide a Breach Notice as required by the terms of the MLPA or the PSA after such party has actual knowledge of such defect or breach (knowledge will not be deemed to exist by reason of the custodian’s exception report) and such delay precludes the mortgage loan seller from curing such Material Defect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Mortgage Loan is not secured by a Mortgaged Property that is, in whole or in part, a hotel, restaurant (operated by a borrower), healthcare facility, nursing home, assisted living facility, self-storage facility, theater or fitness center (operated by a borrower), then the failure to deliver copies of the UCC financing statements with respect to such Mortgage Loan will not be a Material Defect.

 

If there is a Material Defect with respect to one or more Mortgaged Properties with respect to a Mortgage Loan, the applicable mortgage loan seller will not be obligated to repurchase the Mortgage Loan if (i) the affected Mortgaged Property may be released pursuant to the terms of any partial release provisions in the related Mortgage Loan documents (and such Mortgaged Property is, in fact, released), (ii) the remaining Mortgaged Property(ies) satisfy the requirements, if any, set forth in the Mortgage Loan documents and the applicable mortgage loan seller provides an opinion of counsel to the effect that such release would not cause an adverse REMIC event to occur and (iii) each applicable Rating Agency has provided a Rating Agency Confirmation.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in lieu of a mortgage loan seller repurchasing, substituting or curing such Material Defect, to the extent that the mortgage loan seller and the special servicer (with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder prior to the occurrence of a Control Termination Event and subject to the DCH Limitations) are able to agree upon a cash payment payable by the mortgage loan seller to the issuing entity that would be deemed sufficient to compensate the issuing entity for such Material Defect (a “Loss of Value Payment”), the mortgage loan seller may elect, in its sole discretion, to pay such Loss of Value Payment. Upon its making such payment, the mortgage loan seller will be deemed to have cured such Material Defect in all respects. A Loss of Value Payment may not be made with respect to any such Material Defect that would cause the applicable Mortgage Loan not to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective Mortgage Loan to be treated as a qualified mortgage.

 

In addition, the MLPA provides that, with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, if a material document defect exists under the Non-Serviced PSA, and the related seller repurchases the

 

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Non-Serviced Companion Loan from the Non-Serviced Securitization Trust, such seller is required to repurchase the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan; provided, however, that no such repurchase obligation will apply to any material document defect related solely to the promissory notes for any Pari Passu Companion Loans contained in the Non-Serviced Securitization Trust.

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, “Purchase Price” equals to the sum of (1) the [outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loan [and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan] (or related REO Loan)], as of the date of purchase, (2) all accrued and unpaid interest on the Mortgage Loan [and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan] (or any related REO Loan) [at the related Mortgage Rate in effect from time to time](excluding any portion of such interest that represents default interest or Excess Interest on the ARD Loan), to, but not including, the due date immediately preceding or coinciding with the Determination Date for the Collection Period of purchase, (3) all related unreimbursed Servicing Advances plus accrued and unpaid interest on all related Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, Special Servicing Fees (whether paid or unpaid) and any other additional trust fund expenses (except for Liquidation Fees) in respect of such Mortgage Loan and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or related REO Loan, if any, (4) solely in the case of a repurchase or substitution by a mortgage loan seller, any Asset Representations Reviewer Fee related to such Mortgage Loan not previously paid by the mortgage loan seller and all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred or to be incurred by the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator, asset representations reviewer or the trustee in respect of the omission, breach or defect giving rise to the repurchase or substitution obligation, including any expenses arising out of the enforcement of the repurchase or substitution obligation, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses and any additional trust fund expenses relating to such Mortgage Loan and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan (or related REO Loan); provided, however, that such out-of-pocket expenses will not include expenses incurred by investors in instituting an Asset Review Vote Election, in taking part in an Asset Review Vote or in utilizing the dispute resolution provisions described below under “—Dispute Resolution Provisions”, and (5) Liquidation Fees, if any, payable with respect to the affected Mortgage Loan and the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan (or related REO Loan) (which will not include any Liquidation Fees if such affected Mortgage Loan is repurchased prior to the expiration of the additional 90-day period immediately following the initial 90-day period).

 

A “Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan” is a substitute mortgage loan (other than with respect to the Whole Loans, for which no substitution will be permitted) replacing a Mortgage Loan with respect to which a material breach or document defect exists that must, on the date of substitution:

 

(a) have an outstanding principal balance, after application of all scheduled payments of principal and interest due during or prior to the month of substitution, whether or not received, not in excess of the Stated Principal Balance of the removed Mortgage Loan as of the due date in the calendar month during which the substitution occurs;

 

(b) have a Mortgage Rate not less than the Mortgage Rate of the removed Mortgage Loan (determined without regard to any prior modification, waiver or amendment of the terms of the removed Mortgage Loan);

 

(c) have the same due date and a grace period no longer than that of the removed Mortgage Loan;

 

(d) accrue interest on the same basis as the removed Mortgage Loan (for example, on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months);

 

(e) have a remaining term to stated maturity not greater than, and not more than two years less than, the remaining term to stated maturity of the removed Mortgage Loan;

 

(f)  have a then-current loan-to-value ratio equal to or less than [the lesser of (i)] the loan-to-value ratio for the removed Mortgage Loan as of the Closing Date [and (ii) [__]%, in each case] using a “value” for the Mortgaged Property as determined using an appraisal conducted by a

 

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member of the Appraisal Institute (“MAI”) prepared in accordance with the requirements of the FIRREA;

 

(g) comply as of the date of substitution in all material respects with all of the representations and warranties set forth in the related MLPA;

 

(h) have an environmental report that indicates no material adverse environmental conditions with respect to the related Mortgaged Property and that will be delivered as a part of the related Mortgage File;

 

(i)  have a then-current DSCR at least equal to [the greater of (i)] the original DSCR of the removed Mortgage Loan as of the Closing Date [and (ii) [___]x];

 

(j)  constitute a “qualified replacement mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(4) as evidenced by an opinion of counsel (provided at the applicable mortgage loan seller’s expense);

 

(k) not have a maturity date or an amortization period that extends to a date that is after the date two years prior to the Rated Final Distribution Date;

 

(l)  have comparable prepayment restrictions to those of the removed Mortgage Loan;

 

(m) not be substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan unless the trustee and the certificate administrator have received a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies (the cost, if any, of obtaining such Rating Agency Confirmation to be paid by the applicable mortgage loan seller);

 

(n) have been approved, so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, by the Directing Certificateholder;

 

(o) prohibit Defeasance within two years of the Closing Date;

 

(p) not be substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan if it would result in the termination of the REMIC status of any Trust REMIC or the imposition of tax on any Trust REMIC other than a tax on income expressly permitted or contemplated to be imposed by the terms of the PSA as determined by an opinion of counsel;

 

(q) have an engineering report that indicates no material adverse property condition or deferred maintenance with respect to the related Mortgaged Property with respect to the related Mortgaged Property that will be delivered as a part of the related servicing file; and

 

(r)  be current in the payment of all scheduled payments of principal and interest then due.

 

In the event that more than one Mortgage Loan is substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan or Mortgage Loans, then (x) the amounts described in clause (a) are required to be determined on the basis of aggregate principal balances and (y) each such proposed Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan must individually satisfy each of the requirements specified in clauses (b) through (r) of the preceding sentence, except (z) the rates described in clause (b) above and the remaining term to stated maturity referred to in clause (e) above are required to be determined on a weighted average basis, provided that no individual Mortgage Rate (net of the Servicing Fee Rate, the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate, the Operating Advisor Fee Rate, the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee Rate and the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate) may be lower than the highest fixed Pass-Through Rate (not based on or subject to a cap equal to or based on the WAC Rate) of any class of Principal Balance Certificates having a principal balance then-outstanding. When a Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan is substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan, the applicable mortgage loan seller will be required to certify that the Mortgage Loan meets all of the requirements of the above definition and send the certification to the trustee, the certificate administrator, the asset representations reviewer, the operating advisor and, prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder.

 

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The foregoing repurchase or substitution obligation or the obligation to pay the Loss of Value Payment will constitute the sole remedy available to the Certificateholders and the trustee under the PSA for any uncured breach of any mortgage loan seller’s representations and warranties regarding the Mortgage Loans or any uncured document defect; provided, however, that if any breach pertains to a representation or warranty that the related Mortgage Loan documents or any particular Mortgage Loan document requires the related borrower to bear the costs and expenses associated with any particular action or matter under such Mortgage Loan document(s), then the applicable mortgage loan seller may cure such breach within the applicable cure period (as the same may be extended) by reimbursing the issuing entity (by wire transfer of immediately available funds) for (i) the reasonable amount of any such costs and expenses incurred by parties to the PSA or the issuing entity that are incurred as a result of such breach and have not been reimbursed by the related borrower and (ii) the amount of any fees and reimbursable expenses of the asset representations reviewer attributable to the Asset Review of such Mortgage Loan; provided, further, that in the event any such costs and expenses exceed $10,000, the applicable mortgage loan seller will have the option to either repurchase or substitute for the related Mortgage Loan as provided above or pay such costs and expenses. The applicable mortgage loan seller will remit the amount of these costs and expenses and upon its making such remittance, the applicable mortgage loan seller will be deemed to have cured the breach in all respects. The applicable mortgage loan seller will be the sole warranting party in respect of the Mortgage Loans sold by that mortgage loan seller to the depositor, and none of its affiliates and no other person will be obligated to repurchase or replace any affected Mortgage Loan or make a Loss of Value Payment in connection with a breach of any representation and warranty or in connection with a document defect if the applicable mortgage loan seller defaults on its obligation to do so.

 

Dispute Resolution Provision

 

The mortgage loan seller will be subject to the dispute resolution provisions described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Dispute Resolution Provisions” to the extent those provisions are triggered with respect to any mortgage loan sold to the depositor by the mortgage loan seller and will be obligated under the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement to comply with all applicable provisions and to take part in any mediation or arbitration proceedings that may result.

 

Asset Review Obligations

 

The mortgage loan seller will be obligated to perform its obligations described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Asset Representations Reviewer—Asset Review” relating to any Asset Reviews performed by the asset representations reviewer, and the mortgage loan seller will have the rights described under that heading.

 

Pooling and Servicing Agreement

 

General

 

The servicing and administration of the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), any related Serviced Companion Loans and any related REO Properties (including any interest of the holder of any Companion Loan in the REO Property acquired with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan) will be governed by the PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

The Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Non-Serviced Companion Loan and any related REO Properties (including the issuing entity’s interest in REO Property acquired with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan) will be serviced by the Non-Serviced Master Servicer and the Non-Serviced Special Servicer under the Non-Serviced PSA in accordance with such Non-Serviced PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement. Unless otherwise specifically stated and except where the context otherwise indicates (such as with respect to P&I Advances), discussions in this section or in any other section of this prospectus regarding the servicing and administration of the Mortgage Loans should be deemed to include the servicing and administration of the related Serviced Companion Loans but do not

 

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include the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Non-Serviced Companion Loan and any related REO Property.

 

The following summaries describe certain provisions of the PSA relating to the servicing and administration of the Mortgage Loans (excluding the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the related Companion Loans and any related REO Properties. In the case of the Serviced Whole Loans, certain provisions of the related Intercreditor Agreement are described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan” and “—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

Certain provisions of the Non-Serviced PSA relating to the servicing and administration of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Non-Serviced Companion Loan and the related REO Properties and the related Intercreditor Agreement are summarized under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans” and “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan” below.

 

Assignment of the Mortgage Loans

 

The depositor will purchase the Mortgage Loans and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan to be included in the issuing entity on or before the Closing Date from each of the mortgage loan sellers pursuant to a separate MLPAs. See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators” and “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

On the Closing Date, the depositor will sell, transfer or otherwise convey, assign or cause the assignment of the Mortgage Loans and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, without recourse, together with the depositor’s rights and remedies against the mortgage loan sellers under the MLPAs, to the trustee for the benefit of the holders of the certificates. On or prior to the Closing Date, the depositor will require each mortgage loan seller to deliver to the certificate administrator, in its capacity as custodian, the Mortgage Notes and certain other documents and instruments with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan. The custodian will hold such documents in issuing entity for the benefit of the holders of the certificates. The custodian is obligated to review certain documents for each Mortgage Loan within [60] days of the Closing Date and report any missing documents or certain types of document defects to the parties to the PSA and the Directing Certificateholder (so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred) and the related mortgage loan seller.

 

Pursuant to the PSA, the depositor will assign to the trustee for the benefit of Certificateholders the representations and warranties made by the mortgage loan sellers to the depositor in the MLPAs and any rights and remedies that the depositor has against the mortgage loan sellers under the MLPAs with respect to any Material Defect. See “—Enforcement of Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA” below and “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

Servicing Standard

 

The master servicer and the special servicer will each be required to diligently service and administer the Mortgage Loans (excluding the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), any related Serviced Companion Loans and the related REO Properties (other than any REO Property related to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), for which it is responsible in accordance with applicable law, the terms of the PSA, the Mortgage Loan documents, and the related Intercreditor Agreements and, to the extent consistent with the foregoing, in accordance with the higher of the following standards of care: (1) the same manner in which, and with the same care, skill, prudence and diligence with which the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, service and administer similar Mortgage Loans for other third-party portfolios, and (2) the same care, skill, prudence and diligence with which the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, services and administers similar Mortgage Loans owned by the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, with a view to; (A) the timely recovery of all payments or principal and interest under the Mortgage Loans or Serviced Whole Loans or (B) in the case of a Specially Serviced Loan or an REO Property, the maximization of timely recovery of principal and interest on a net present value basis on the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loans,

 

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and the best interests of the issuing entity and the certificateholders (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders constituted a single lender) (and, in the case of any Whole Loan, the best interests of the issuing entity, the Certificateholders and the holder of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and the holder or holders of the related Companion Loan constituted a single lender), taking into account the pari passu or subordinate nature of the related Companion Loan), as determined by the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, in its reasonable judgment, in either case giving due consideration to the customary and usual standards of practice of prudent, institutional commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgage loan servicers, but without regard to any conflict of interest arising from:

 

(A) any relationship that the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, or any of their respective affiliates, as the case may be, may have with any of the underlying borrowers, the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers, the originators, any party to the PSA or any affiliate of the foregoing;

 

(B) the ownership of any certificate (or any interest in any Companion Loan, mezzanine loan or subordinate debt relating to a Mortgage Loan) by the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of their respective affiliates;

 

(C) the obligation, if any, of the master servicer to make advances;

 

(D) the right of the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates to receive compensation or reimbursement of costs under the PSA generally or with respect to any particular transaction;

 

(E) the ownership, servicing or management for others of (i) the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Companion Loan or (ii) any other mortgage loans, subordinate debt, mezzanine loans or properties not covered by the PSA or held by the issuing entity by the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates;

 

(F) any debt that the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates, has extended to any underlying borrower or an affiliate of any borrower (including, without limitation, any mezzanine financing);

 

(G) any option to purchase any Mortgage Loan or the related Companion Loan the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates, may have; and

 

(H) any obligation of the master servicer or the special servicer, or one of their respective affiliates, to repurchase or substitute for a Mortgage Loan as a mortgage loan seller (if the master servicer or the special servicer or one of their respective affiliates is a mortgage loan seller) (the foregoing, collectively referred to as the “Servicing Standard”).

 

All net present value calculations and determinations made under the PSA with respect to any Mortgage Loan, Serviced Companion Loan, Mortgaged Property or REO Property (including for purposes of the definition of “Servicing Standard” set forth above) will be made in accordance with the Mortgage Loan documents or, in the event the Mortgage Loan documents are silent, by using a discount rate equal to (i) for principal and interest payments on the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan or sale of a Defaulted Loan, the highest of (1) the rate determined by the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, that approximates the market rate that would be obtainable by the borrowers on similar non-defaulted debt of the borrowers as of such date of determination, (2) the Mortgage Rate and (3) the yield on 10-year U.S. treasuries as of such date of determination and (ii) for all other cash flows, including property cash flow, the “discount rate” set forth in the most recent appraisal (or updated appraisal) of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

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In the case of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the master servicer and special servicer will be required to act in accordance with the Servicing Standard with respect to any action required to be taken regarding the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan pursuant to their respective obligations under the PSA.

 

Subservicing

 

The master servicer, special servicer [and the operating advisor] may delegate and/or assign some or all of their respective servicing obligations and duties with respect to some or all of the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the Serviced Companion Loans to one or more third-party sub-servicers provided that the master servicer and the special servicer, as applicable, will remain obligated under the PSA. A sub-servicer may be an affiliate of the depositor, the master servicer or the special servicer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the special servicer may not enter into any sub-servicing agreement which provides for the performance by third parties of any or all of its obligations under the PSA without, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event (subject to the DCH limitations), the consent of the Directing Certificateholder, except to the extent necessary for the special servicer to comply with applicable regulatory requirements.

 

Each sub-servicing agreement between the master servicer or special servicer and a sub-servicer (a “Sub-Servicing Agreement”) will generally be required to provide that (i) if for any reason the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is no longer acting in that capacity (including, without limitation, by reason of a Servicer Termination Event) the trustee or any successor master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, may assume or terminate such party’s rights and obligations under such Sub-Servicing Agreement and (ii) the sub-servicer will be in default under such Sub-Servicing Agreement and such Sub-Servicing Agreement will be terminated (following the expiration of any applicable grace period) if the sub-servicer fails (A) to deliver by the due date any Exchange Act reporting items required to be delivered to the master servicer pursuant to the PSA or such Sub-Servicing Agreement or to the master servicer under any other pooling and servicing agreement that the depositor is a party to, or (B) to perform in any material respect any of its covenants or obligations contained in such Sub-Servicing Agreement regarding creating, obtaining or delivering any Exchange Act reporting items required in order for any party to the PSA to perform its obligations under the PSA or under the Exchange Act reporting requirements of any other pooling and servicing agreement that the depositor is a party to. The master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, will be required to monitor the performance of sub-servicers retained by it and will have the right to remove a sub-servicer retained by it at any time it considers removal to be in the best interests of Certificateholders. However, no sub-servicer will be permitted under any Sub-Servicing Agreement to make material servicing decisions, such as loan modifications or determinations as to the manner or timing of enforcing remedies under the Mortgage Loan documents, without the consent of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable.

 

Generally, the master servicer will be solely liable for all fees owed by it to any sub-servicer retained by the master servicer, without regard to whether the master servicer’s compensation pursuant to the PSA is sufficient to pay those fees. Each sub-servicer will be required to be reimbursed by the master servicer for certain expenditures which such sub-servicer makes, generally to the same extent the master servicer would be reimbursed under the PSA.

 

Advances

 

P&I Advances

 

On the business day immediately preceding each Distribution Date (the “Master Servicer Remittance Date”), except as otherwise described below, the master servicer will be obligated, unless determined to be non-recoverable as described below, to make advances (each, a “P&I Advance”) out of its own funds or, subject to the replacement of those funds as provided in the PSA, certain funds held in the Collection Account that are not required to be part of the Available Funds for that Distribution Date, in an amount equal to (but subject to reduction as described below) the aggregate of:

 

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(1) all Periodic Payments (net of any applicable Servicing Fees, any related Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee and, if applicable, Excess Interest) that were due on the Mortgage Loans (including the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any successor REO Loan during the related Collection Period and not received as of the business day preceding the Master Servicer Remittance Date; and

 

(2) in the case of each Mortgage Loan delinquent in respect of its balloon payment as of the Master Servicer Remittance Date (including any successor REO Loan as to which the balloon payment would have been past due), an amount equal to its Assumed Scheduled Payment.

 

The master servicer’s obligations to make P&I Advances in respect of any Mortgage Loan (including the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or REO Loan (other than any portion of an REO Loan related to a Companion Loan) will continue, except if a determination as to non-recoverability is made, through and up to liquidation of the Mortgage Loan or disposition of the REO Property, as the case may be. For the avoidance of doubt, the master servicer will make P&I Advances on the basis of the original terms of any Mortgage Loan, including Mortgage Loans subject to forbearance agreements or other temporary deferrals or payment accommodations, unless the terms of the Mortgage Loan have been permanently modified to change or forgive a monetary obligation. However, no interest will accrue on any P&I Advance made with respect to a Mortgage Loan unless the related Periodic Payment is received after the related Due Date has passed and any applicable grace period has expired or if the related Periodic Payment is received after the Determination Date but on or prior to the Master Servicer Remittance Date. To the extent that the master servicer fails to make a P&I Advance that it is required to make under the PSA, the trustee will be required to make the required P&I Advance in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

If an Appraisal Reduction Amount has been made with respect to any Mortgage Loan (or, in the case of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, an appraisal reduction has been made in accordance with the Non-Serviced PSA and the master servicer has notice of such Appraisal Reduction Amount) and such Mortgage Loan experiences subsequent delinquencies, then the interest portion of any P&I Advance in respect of that Mortgage Loan for the related Distribution Date will be reduced (there will be no reduction in the principal portion, if any, of such P&I Advance) to equal the product of (x) the amount of the interest portion of the P&I Advance for that Mortgage Loan for the related Distribution Date without regard to this sentence, and (y) a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is equal to the [Stated Principal Balance] of that Mortgage Loan immediately prior to the related Distribution Date, net of the related Appraisal Reduction Amount (or, in the case of any Whole Loan, the portion of such Appraisal Reduction Amount allocated to the related Mortgage Loan), if any, and the denominator of which is equal to the Stated Principal Balance of that Mortgage Loan immediately prior to the related Distribution Date.

 

Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be required to make a P&I Advance for a balloon payment, default interest, late payment charges, yield maintenance charges, prepayment premiums or Excess Interest or with respect to any Companion Loan or with respect to any cure payment that a related Subordinate Companion Loan holder is entitled to make.

 

Servicing Advances

 

In addition to P&I Advances, except as otherwise described under “—Recovery of Advances” below and except in certain limited circumstances described below, the master servicer will also be obligated (subject to the limitations described in this prospectus), to make advances (“Servicing Advances” and, collectively with P&I Advances, “Advances”) in connection with the servicing and administration of any Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and related Companion Loan, as applicable, in respect of which a default, delinquency or other unanticipated event has occurred or is reasonably foreseeable, or, in connection with the servicing and administration of any Mortgaged Property or REO Property, in order to pay delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums and to cover other similar costs and expenses necessary to preserve the priority of or enforce the related Mortgage Loan documents or to protect, lease, manage and maintain the related Mortgaged Property. To the extent that the master servicer fails to make a Servicing Advance that it is required to make under the PSA and the trustee has received notice or otherwise has actual knowledge

 

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of this failure, the trustee will be required to make the required Servicing Advance in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

However, none of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee will make any Servicing Advance in connection with the exercise of any cure rights or purchase rights granted to the holder of a Serviced Companion Loan under the related Intercreditor Agreement or the PSA.

 

The special servicer will have no obligation to make any Servicing Advances. However, in an urgent or emergency situation requiring the making of a Servicing Advance, the special servicer may make such Servicing Advance, and the master servicer will be required to reimburse the special servicer for such Advance (with interest on that Advance) within a specified number of days as set forth in the PSA, unless such Advance is determined to be nonrecoverable by the master servicer in its reasonable judgment (in which case it will be reimbursed out of the collection account). Once the special servicer is reimbursed, the master servicer will be deemed to have made the special servicer’s Servicing Advance as of the date made by the special servicer, and will be entitled to reimbursement with interest on that Advance in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

No Servicing Advances will be made with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan if the related Mortgage Loan is no longer held by the issuing entity or if such Serviced Whole Loan is no longer serviced under the PSA and no Servicing Advances will be made for the Non-Serviced Whole Loan under the PSA. Any requirement of the master servicer or the trustee to make an Advance in the PSA is intended solely to provide liquidity for the benefit of the Certificateholders and not as credit support or otherwise to impose on any such person the risk of loss with respect to one or more Mortgage Loans or the related Companion Loan.

 

The master servicer will also be obligated to make Servicing Advances with respect to Serviced Whole Loans. With respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the applicable servicer under the Non-Serviced PSA will be obligated to make property protection advances with respect to such Non-Serviced Whole Loan. See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan” below and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan”.

 

Nonrecoverable Advances

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee will be obligated to make any Advance that the master servicer or the special servicer, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, or the trustee, in its good faith business judgment, determines would, if made, not be recoverable (including recovery of interest on the Advance) out of Related Proceeds (a “Nonrecoverable Advance”). In addition, the special servicer may, at its option (prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event (and subject to the DCH limitations), in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder) make a determination in accordance with the Servicing Standard that any P&I Advance or Servicing Advance, if made, would be a Nonrecoverable Advance, and if it makes such a determination, must deliver to the master servicer (and, with respect to a Serviced Mortgage Loan, to any master servicer or special servicer under the PSA governing any securitization trust into which the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan is deposited, and, with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related master servicer under the Non-Serviced PSA), the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor and the 17g-5 Information Provider notice of such determination, which determination may be conclusively relied upon by, but will not be binding upon, the master servicer and the trustee. The special servicer will have no such obligation to make an affirmative determination that any P&I Advance or Servicing Advance is, or would be, recoverable, and in the absence of a determination by the special servicer that such an Advance is non-recoverable, each such decision will remain with the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable. If the special servicer makes a determination that only a portion, and not all, of any previously made or proposed P&I Advance or Servicing Advance is non-recoverable, the master servicer and the trustee will have the right to make its own subsequent determination that any remaining portion of any such previously made or proposed P&I Advance or Servicing Advance is non-recoverable.

 

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In making such non-recoverability determination, each person will be entitled to consider (among other things): (a) the obligations of the borrower under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, as it may have been modified, (b) the related mortgaged properties in their “as-is” or then-current conditions and occupancies, as modified by such party’s assumptions regarding the possibility and effects of future adverse change with respect to such mortgaged properties, (c) estimated future expenses, and (d) estimated timing of recoveries, and will be entitled to give due regard to the existence of any Nonrecoverable Advances which, at the time of such consideration, the recovery of which are being deferred or delayed by the master servicer, in light of the fact that Related Proceeds are a source of recovery not only for the Advance under consideration but also a potential source of recovery for such delayed or deferred Advance. In addition, any such person may update or change its recoverability determinations (but not reverse any other person’s determination that an Advance is non-recoverable) at any time and may obtain at the expense of the issuing entity any analysis, appraisals or market value estimates or other information for such purposes. Absent bad faith, any non-recoverability determination described in this paragraph will be conclusive and binding on the Certificateholders, and may be conclusively relied upon by, but is not binding upon, the master servicer and the trustee. The master servicer and the trustee will be entitled to rely conclusively on any non-recoverability determination of the special servicer. Nonrecoverable Advances will represent a portion of the losses to be borne by the Certificateholders.

 

With respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, if any servicer under the Non-Serviced PSA determines that a P&I Advance with respect to the Non-Serviced Companion Loan, if made, would be non-recoverable, such determination will not be binding on the master servicer and the trustee as it relates to any proposed P&I Advance with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. Similarly, with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, if the master servicer or the special servicer determines that any P&I Advance with respect to such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, if made, would be non-recoverable, such determination will not be binding on the related master servicer and related trustee under the related Non-Serviced PSA as such determination relates to any proposed P&I Advance with respect to the Non-Serviced Companion Loan (unless the Non-Serviced PSA provides otherwise).

 

Recovery of Advances

 

The master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee, as applicable, will be entitled to recover (a) any Servicing Advance made out of its own funds from any amounts collected in respect of a Mortgage Loan (or, consistent with the related Intercreditor Agreement, a Serviced Whole Loan) as to which such Servicing Advance was made, and (b) any P&I Advance made out of its own funds from any amounts collected in respect of a Mortgage Loan as to which such P&I Advance was made, whether in the form of late payments, insurance and condemnation proceeds, liquidation proceeds or otherwise from the related Mortgage Loan (“Related Proceeds”). Each of the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will be entitled to recover any Advance by it that it subsequently determines to be a Nonrecoverable Advance out of general collections relating to the Mortgage Loans on deposit in the Collection Account (first from principal collections and then from any other collections). Amounts payable in respect of each Serviced Companion Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement will not be available for distributions on the certificates or for the reimbursement of Nonrecoverable Advances of principal or interest with respect to the related Mortgage Loan, but will be available, in accordance with the PSA and related Intercreditor Agreement, for the reimbursement of any Servicing Advances with respect to the related Serviced Whole Loan. If a Servicing Advance by the master servicer or the special servicer (or trustee, as applicable) on a Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Nonrecoverable Advance and the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee, as applicable, is unable to recover such amounts from related proceeds or the related Companion Loan, as applicable, the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee (as applicable) will be permitted to recover such Nonrecoverable Advance (including interest thereon) out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account.

 

If the funds in the Collection Account relating to the Mortgage Loans allocable to principal on the Mortgage Loans are insufficient to fully reimburse the party entitled to reimbursement, then such party as an accommodation may elect, on a monthly basis, at its sole option and discretion to defer reimbursement of the portion that exceeds such amount allocable to principal (in which case interest will

 

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continue to accrue on the unreimbursed portion of the advance) for a time as required to reimburse the excess portion from principal for a consecutive period up to 12 months (provided that any such deferral exceeding 6 months will require, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Control Termination Event (and subject to the DCH Limitations), the consent of the Directing Certificateholder) and any election to so defer will be deemed to be in accordance with the Servicing Standard; provided that no such deferral may occur at any time to the extent that amounts otherwise distributable as principal are available for such reimbursement.

 

In connection with a potential election by the master servicer or the trustee to refrain from the reimbursement of all or a portion of a particular Nonrecoverable Advance during the one month collection period ending on the related Determination Date for any Distribution Date, the master servicer or the trustee will be authorized to wait for principal collections on the Mortgage Loans to be received until the end of such collection period before making its determination of whether to refrain from the reimbursement of all or a portion of a particular Nonrecoverable Advance; provided, however, that if, at any time the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, elects, in its sole discretion, not to refrain from obtaining such reimbursement or otherwise determines that the reimbursement of a Nonrecoverable Advance during a one month collection period will exceed the full amount of the principal portion of general collections deposited in the Collection Account for such Distribution Date, then the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, will be required to use its reasonable efforts to give the 17g-5 Information Provider 15 days’ notice of such determination for posting on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website, unless extraordinary circumstances make such notice impractical, and thereafter will be required to deliver copies of such notice to the Rating Agencies. Notwithstanding the foregoing, failure to give such notice will in no way affect the master servicer’s or the trustee’s election whether to refrain from obtaining such reimbursement.

 

Each of the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will be entitled to recover any Advance that is outstanding at the time that a Mortgage Loan is modified but is not repaid in full by the borrower in connection with such modification but becomes an obligation of the borrower to pay such amounts in the future (such Advance, together with interest on that Advance, a “Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount”) out of principal collections on the Mortgage Loans in the Collection Account.

 

Any amount that constitutes all or a portion of any Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount may in the future be determined to constitute a Nonrecoverable Advance and thereafter will be recoverable as any other Nonrecoverable Advance.

 

In connection with its recovery of any Advance, each of the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will be entitled to be paid, out of any amounts relating to the Mortgage Loans then on deposit in the Collection Account, interest at the Prime Rate (the “Reimbursement Rate”) accrued on the amount of the Advance from the date made to, but not including, the date of reimbursement. Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be entitled to interest on P&I Advances that accrues before the related due date has passed and any applicable grace period has expired. The “Prime Rate” will be the prime rate, for any day, set forth in The Wall Street Journal, New York edition.

 

See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan” for reimbursements of servicing advances made in respect of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan under the Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Accounts

 

The master servicer is required to establish and maintain, or cause to be established and maintained, one or more accounts and subaccounts (collectively, the “Collection Account”) in its own name on behalf of the trustee and for the benefit of the Certificateholders. The master servicer is required to deposit in the Collection Account on a daily basis (and in no event later than the [2nd] business day following receipt in available funds) all payments and collections due after the Cut-off Date and other amounts received or advanced with respect to the Mortgage Loans and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan (including, without limitation, all proceeds (the “Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds”) received under any hazard, title or other insurance policy that provides coverage with respect to a Mortgaged Property or the related Mortgage Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan or in connection with the full or partial

 

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condemnation of a Mortgaged Property (other than proceeds applied to the restoration of the Mortgaged Property or released to the related borrower in accordance with the Servicing Standard (or, if applicable, a special servicer) and/or the terms and conditions of the related Mortgage) and all other amounts received and retained in connection with the liquidation of any Mortgage Loan that is defaulted and any related defaulted Companion Loans or property acquired by foreclosure or otherwise (the “Liquidation Proceeds”)) together with the net operating income (less reasonable reserves for future expenses) derived from the operation of any REO Properties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the collections on the Whole Loans will be limited to the portion of such amounts that are payable to the holder of the related Mortgage Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

The master servicer will also be required to establish and maintain a segregated custodial account (the “Serviced Whole Loan Custodial Account” ) with respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, which may be a sub-account of the Collection Account, and deposit amounts collected in respect of each Serviced Whole Loan in the related Serviced Whole Loan Custodial Account. The issuing entity will only be entitled to amounts on deposit in a Serviced Whole Loan Custodial Account to the extent these funds are not otherwise payable to the holder of a related Serviced Companion Loan or payable or reimbursable to any party to the PSA. Any amounts in a Serviced Whole Loan Custodial Account to which the issuing entity is entitled will be transferred on a monthly basis to the Collection Account.

 

With respect to each Distribution Date, the master servicer will be required to disburse from the Collection Account and remit to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account in respect of the related Mortgage Loans, to the extent of funds on deposit in the Collection Account, on the related Master Servicer Remittance Date, the Available Funds for such Distribution Date and any yield maintenance charges or prepayment premiums received as of the related Determination Date. The certificate administrator is required to establish and maintain accounts various accounts, including a “Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account”, a “Upper-Tier REMIC Distribution Account”, and a “Loan Specific REMIC Distribution Account”, each of which may be sub-accounts of a single account (collectively, the “Distribution Accounts”), in its own name on behalf of the trustee and for the benefit of the Certificateholders (or for the benefit of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, in the case of the Loan Specific REMIC Distribution Account.

 

On each Distribution Date, the certificate administrator is required to apply amounts on deposit in the Upper-Tier REMIC Distribution Account (which will include all funds that were remitted by the master servicer from the Collection Account (other than with respect to the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan) or the Loan Specific REMIC Distribution Account), plus, among other things, any P&I Advances less amounts, if any, distributable to the Class R and Class [ARD] certificates as set forth in the PSA generally to (1) in the case of the Upper-Tier REMIC Distribution Account, make distributions of interest and principal from Available Funds to the holders of the Regular Certificates and the Trust Components, as described under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions” [and to make distributions of interest and principal from Retained Certificate Available Funds to the VRR Interest holders, as described under “Credit Risk Retention—VRR Interest”], and (2) to apply amounts on deposit in the Loan Specific REMIC Distribution Account (which will include all funds that were remitted by the master servicer from the Collection Account with respect to the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, less amounts, if any, distributable to the Class R certificates) to make distributions of interest and principal from the available funds for the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates to the holders of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates.

 

The certificate administrator is also required to establish and maintain an account (the “Interest Reserve Account”) which may be a sub-account of the Distribution Account, in its own name on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders (other than the holders of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates). On the Master Servicer Remittance Date occurring each February and on any Master Servicer Remittance Date occurring in any January which occurs in a year that is not a leap year (in each case, unless the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the certificate administrator will be required to deposit amounts remitted by the master servicer or P&I Advances made on the related Mortgage Loans into the Interest Reserve Account during the related interest period, in respect of the Mortgage Loans that accrue interest on an Actual/360 Basis (collectively, the “Actual/360

 

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Loans”), in an amount equal to one day’s interest at the Net Mortgage Rate for each such Actual/360 Loan on its Stated Principal Balance and as of the Distribution Date in the month preceding the month in which the Master Servicer Remittance Date occurs, to the extent a Periodic Payment or P&I Advance or other deposit is made in respect of the Mortgage Loans (all amounts so deposited in any consecutive January (if applicable) and February, “Withheld Amounts”). On the Master Servicer Remittance Date occurring each March (or February, if the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the certificate administrator will be required to withdraw from the Interest Reserve Account an amount equal to the Withheld Amounts from the preceding January (if applicable) and February, if any, and deposit that amount into the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account.

 

The certificate administrator is also required to establish and maintain an account (the “Exchangeable Distribution Account”), which may be a sub-account of the Distribution Account, in its own name on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the holders of the Class [EC] and the Exchangeable Certificates.

 

The certificate administrator is also required to establish and maintain an account (the “Excess Interest Distribution Account”), which may be a sub-account of the Distribution Account, in the name of the trustee for the benefit of the holders of the Class [ARD] certificates [and the holders of the VRR Interest]. Prior to the applicable Distribution Date, the master servicer is required to remit to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Excess Interest Distribution Account an amount equal to the Excess Interest received by the master servicer on or prior to the related Determination Date.

 

The certificate administrator may be required to establish and maintain an account (the “Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account”[ and the “Retained Certificate Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account”]), [each of] which may be a sub-account of the Distribution Account, in its own name on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders. To the extent that any gains are realized on sales of REO Properties (or, with respect to any Whole Loan, the portion of such amounts that are payable on the related Mortgage Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement), [the Non-Vertically Retained Percentage of] such gains will be deposited in the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account and applied on the applicable Distribution Date as part of Available Funds to all amounts due and payable on the Regular Certificates and the Trust Components (including to reimburse for Realized Losses previously allocated to such certificates and/or Trust Components, and to the extent not so applied, such gains will be held and applied to offset future Realized Losses, if any (as determined by the special servicer) [and the Vertically Retained Percentage of such gains will be applied on the applicable Distribution Date to reimburse the holders of the VRR Interest up to an amount equal to all Retained Certificate Realized Losses, if any, previously deemed allocated to the VRR Interest and unreimbursed after application of the Retained Certificates Available Funds for such Distribution Date]. Any remaining amounts will be distributed on the Class R Certificates.

 

Other accounts to be established pursuant to the PSA are one or more segregated custodial accounts (the “REO Account”) for collections from REO Properties. Each REO Account will be maintained by the special servicer in its own name on behalf of the trustee and for the benefit of the Certificateholders.

 

The Collection Account, the Serviced Whole Loan Collection Account, the Distribution Account, the Interest Reserve Account, the Exchangeable Distribution Account, the Excess Interest Distribution Account, the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account and the REO Account are collectively referred to as the “Securitization Accounts” (but with respect to any Whole Loan, only to the extent of the issuing entity’s interest in the Whole Loan. Each of the foregoing accounts will be held at a depository institution or trust company meeting the requirements of the PSA.

 

Amounts on deposit in the foregoing accounts may be invested in certain United States government securities and other investments meeting the requirements of the PSA (“Permitted Investments”). Interest or other income earned on funds in the accounts maintained by the master servicer, the certificate administrator or the special servicer will be payable to each of them as additional compensation, and each of them will be required to bear any losses resulting from their investment of such funds.

 

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Withdrawals from the Collection Account

 

The master servicer may, from time to time, make withdrawals from the Collection Account (or the applicable subaccount of the Collection Account[, exclusive of the Serviced Whole Loan Custodial Account that may be a subaccount of the Collection Account]) for any of the following purposes, in each case only to the extent permitted under the PSA and with respect to the Serviced Whole Loan, subject to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement, without duplication (the order set forth below not constituting an order of priority for such withdrawals):

 

(i) to remit on each Master Servicer Remittance Date (A) to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account [(or the Loan Specific REMIC Distribution Account in respect of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan)] certain portions of the Available Funds [and any prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges] attributable to the Mortgage Loans on the related Distribution Date, (B) to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Excess Interest Distribution Account an amount equal to the Excess Interest received in the applicable one-month period ending on the related Determination Date, if any, or (C) to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Interest Reserve Account an amount required to be withheld as described above under “—Accounts”;

 

(ii) to pay or reimburse the master servicer, the applicable special servicer and the trustee, as applicable, pursuant to the terms of the PSA for Advances made by any of them and interest on Advances (the master servicer’s, special servicer’s or the trustee’s respective right, as applicable, to reimbursement for items described in this clause (ii) being limited as described above under “—Advances”) (provided, that with respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, such reimbursements are subject to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement);

 

(iii)     to pay to the master servicer and the applicable special servicer, as compensation, the aggregate unpaid servicing compensation;

 

(iv)     to pay to the operating advisor the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee (but only to the extent actually received from the related borrower) or the Operating Advisor Fee;

 

(v)     to pay to the asset representations reviewer the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee (to the extent such fee is to be paid by the issuing entity);

 

(vi)     to reimburse the trustee, the applicable special servicer and the master servicer, as applicable, for certain Nonrecoverable Advances or Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts;

 

(vii)    to reimburse the master servicer, the special servicer, the asset representations reviewer or the trustee, as applicable, for any unreimbursed expenses reasonably incurred with respect to each related Mortgage Loan [or related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan] that has been repurchased or substituted by such person pursuant to the PSA or otherwise;

 

(viii)   to reimburse the master servicer or the applicable special servicer for any unreimbursed expenses reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the enforcement of the applicable mortgage loan seller’s obligations under the applicable section of the related MLPA;

 

(ix)     to pay for any unpaid costs and expenses incurred by the issuing entity;

 

(x)     to pay the master servicer and the special servicer, as applicable, as additional servicing compensation, (A) interest and investment income earned in respect of amounts relating to the issuing entity held in the Collection Account and the companion loan distribution account (but only to the extent of the net investment earnings during the applicable one month period ending on the related Distribution Date) and (B) certain penalty charges and default interest;

 

(xi)     to recoup any amounts deposited in the Collection Account in error;

 

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(xii)    to the extent not reimbursed or paid pursuant to any of the above clauses, to reimburse or pay the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the depositor or any of their respective directors, officers, members, managers, employees and agents, unpaid additional expenses of the issuing entity and certain other unreimbursed expenses incurred by such person pursuant to and to the extent reimbursable under the PSA and to satisfy any indemnification obligations of the issuing entity under the PSA;

 

(xiii)   to pay for the cost of the opinions of counsel or the cost of obtaining any extension to the time in which the issuing entity is permitted to hold REO Property;

 

(xiv)   to pay any applicable federal, state or local taxes imposed on any Trust REMIC, or any of their assets or transaction, together with all incidental costs and expenses, to the extent that none of the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator or the trustee is liable under the PSA;

 

(xv)    to pay the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee;

 

(xvi)   to reimburse the certificate administrator out of general collections on the Mortgage Loans, the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and REO Properties for legal expenses incurred by and reimbursable to it by the issuing entity of any administrative or judicial proceedings related to an examination or audit by any governmental taxing authority;

 

(xvii)  to pay the applicable mortgage loan seller or any other person, with respect to each Mortgage Loan, if any (or the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, if applicable), previously purchased or replaced by such person pursuant to the PSA, all amounts received thereon subsequent to the date of purchase or replacement relating to periods after the date of purchase or replacement;

 

(xviii) to remit to the certificate administrator for deposit in the Interest Reserve Account the amounts required to be deposited in the Interest Reserve Account pursuant to the PSA;

 

(xix)   to remit to the companion paying agent for deposit into the companion distribution account the amounts required to be deposited pursuant to the PSA; and

 

(xx)    to clear and terminate the Collection Account pursuant to a plan for termination and liquidation of the issuing entity.

 

[Certain of the foregoing withdrawals of items specifically related to an AB Whole Loan will be made out of the Collection Account, first, from amounts on deposit allocated to the related Subordinate Companion Loan, second, from amounts on deposit allocated to the related Mortgage Loan and then from general collections in respect of all other Mortgage Loans.]

 

No amounts payable or reimbursable to the parties to the PSA out of general collections that do not specifically relate to a Serviced Whole Loan may be reimbursable from amounts that would otherwise be payable to the related Companion Loan.

 

Certain costs and expenses (such as a pro rata share of any related Servicing Advances) allocable to the Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is part of a Serviced Whole Loan may be paid or reimbursed out of payments and other collections on the other Mortgage Loans, subject to the issuing entity’s right to reimbursement from future payments and other collections on the related Companion Loan or from general collections with respect to the securitization of the related Companion Loan. If the master servicer makes, with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, any reimbursement or payment out of the Collection Account to cover the related Serviced Companion Loan’s share of any cost, expense, indemnity, Servicing Advance or interest on such Servicing Advance, or fee with respect to such Serviced Whole Loan, then the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) and the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans) must use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to collect such amount out of collections on such Serviced Companion Loan or, if and to the

 

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extent permitted under the related Intercreditor Agreement, from the holder of the related Serviced Companion Loan.

 

The master servicer will also be entitled to make withdrawals, from time to time, from the Collection Account of amounts necessary for the payments or reimbursements required to be paid to the parties to the applicable Non-Serviced PSA, pursuant to the applicable Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement and the applicable Non-Serviced PSA. See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

If a P&I Advance is made with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is part of a Whole Loan, then that P&I Advance, together with interest on such P&I Advance, may only be reimbursed out of future payments and collections on that Mortgage Loan or, as and to the extent described under “—Advances” above, on other Mortgage Loans, but not out of payments or other collections on the related Serviced Companion Loan. Likewise, the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee, the Operating Advisor Fee and the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee that accrue with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is part of a Whole Loan and any other amounts payable to the operating advisor may only be paid out of payments and other collections on such Mortgage Loan and/or the Mortgage Pool generally, but not out of payments or other collections on the related Serviced Companion Loan.

 

Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses

 

General

 

The parties to the PSA other than the depositor will be entitled to payment of certain fees as compensation for services performed under the PSA. Below is a summary of the fees payable to the parties to the PSA from amounts that the issuing entity is entitled to receive. In addition, CREFC® will be entitled to a license fee for use of their names and trademarks, including the CREFC® Investor Reporting Package. Certain additional fees and costs payable by the related borrowers are allocable to the parties to the PSA other than the depositor, but such amounts are not payable from amounts that the issuing entity is entitled to receive. [THE TABLE BELOW AND RELATED DISCLOSURE WILL BE UPDATED TO DISCLOSE ANY ADDITIONAL FEES OR EXPENSES PAID TO THE TRANSACTION PARTIES, INCLUDING ANY RETAINER FEE OR SIMILAR FEE PAID TO THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER.]

 

The amounts available for distribution on the certificates on any Distribution Date will generally be net of the following amounts:

 

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Type/Recipient(1)

 

Amount(1)

 

Source(1)

 

Frequency

Fees

 

 

 

 

 

 

Master Servicing Fee /
Master Servicer

 

With respect to the Mortgage Loans and the related Serviced Companion Loans, the product of the monthly portion of the related annual Servicing Fee Rate calculated on the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan and Serviced Companion Loan.

 

Out of recoveries of interest with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (and the related Serviced Companion Loans) or if unpaid after final recovery on the related Mortgage Loan, out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans.

 

Monthly

Special Servicing Fee / Special Servicer

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the related Serviced Companion Loan that is a Specially Serviced Loan, the product of the monthly portion of the related annual Special Servicing Fee Rate calculated on the Stated Principal Balance of such Specially Serviced Loan.

 

First, from liquidation proceeds, insurance and condemnation proceeds, and collections in respect of the related Mortgage Loan (and the related Serviced Companion Loans), and then from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans.

 

Monthly

Workout Fee /
Special Servicer(2)

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the related Serviced Companion Loan that is a Corrected Loan, the Workout Fee Rate multiplied by all payments of interest and principal received on such Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Companion Loan for so long as they remain a Corrected Loan.

 

Out of each collection of interest, principal, [and prepayment consideration] received on the related Mortgage Loan (and each related Serviced Companion Loan) and then from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans.

 

Time to time

Liquidation Fee /
Special Servicer(2)

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the related Serviced Companion Loan that are a Specially Serviced Loan for which the special servicer obtains a full, partial or discounted payoff or any liquidation proceeds, insurance proceeds and condemnation proceeds an amount calculated by application of a Liquidation Fee Rate to the related payment or proceeds (exclusive of default interest).

 

From any liquidation proceeds, insurance proceeds, condemnation proceeds and any other revenues received with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (and each related Serviced Companion Loan) and then from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans.

 

Time to time

Additional Servicing Compensation / Master Servicer and/or Special Servicer(3)

 

All modification fees, assumption application fees, defeasance fees, assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees, late payment charges, default interest and other processing fees actually collected on the Mortgage Loans (other than the

 

Related payments made by borrowers with respect to the related Mortgage Loans and related Serviced Companion Loans.

 

Time to time

 

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Type/Recipient(1)

 

Amount(1)

 

Source(1)

 

Frequency

    Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and related Serviced Companion Loans.        

Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee/Certificate Administrator

 

With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of the monthly portion of the annual Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate multiplied by the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan.

 

Out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account or the Distribution Account.

 

Monthly

Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee/Trustee

 

With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the monthly portion of the annual Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee

 

Out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account or the Distribution Account.

 

Monthly

Operating Advisor Fee / Operating Advisor

 

With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of the monthly portion of the annual Operating Advisor Fee Rate multiplied by the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan.

 

First, out of recoveries of interest with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and then, if the related Mortgage Loan has been liquidated, out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans.

 

Monthly

Operating Advisor Consulting Fee / Operating Advisor

 

$[______] for each Major Decision made with respect to a Mortgage Loan or such lesser amount as the related borrower agrees to pay with respect to such Mortgage Loan; provided, however, that no such fee shall be payable unless specifically paid by the related borrower as a separately identifiable fee; provided, further, that the Operating Advisor may in its sole discretion reduce the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee with respect to any Major Decision; provided, further, that the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, may waive or reduce the amount of any Operating Advisor Consulting Fee payable by the related Mortgagor if it determines that such full or partial waiver is in accordance with the Servicing Standard.

 

From the related borrower.

 

Time to time

Asset Representations Reviewer Fee/Asset Representations Reviewer

 

Upon the completion of any Asset Review with respect to a Delinquent Loan, the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee.

 

[Out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans.]

 

Time to time

Servicing Advances / Master Servicer, Special Servicer or Trustee

 

To the extent of funds available, the amount of any Servicing Advances.

 

First, from funds collected with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (and the related Serviced Companion Loans), and with

 

Time to time

 

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Type/Recipient(1)

 

Amount(1)

 

Source(1)

 

Frequency

        respect to any Nonrecoverable Advance or a Workout Delayed Reimbursement Amount, then out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account, subject to certain limitations.    

Interest on Servicing
Advances / Master Servicer, Special Servicer or Trustee

 

At a rate per annum equal to the Reimbursement Rate calculated on the number of days the related Advance remains unreimbursed.

 

First, out of late payment charges and default interest on the related Mortgage Loan (and the related Serviced Companion Loans), and then, after or at the same time that advance is reimbursed, out of any other amounts then on deposit in the Collection Account, subject to certain limitations.

 

Time to time

P&I Advances /
Master Servicer and Trustee

 

To the extent of funds available, the amount of any P&I Advances.

 

First, from funds collected with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and then, with respect to a Nonrecoverable Advance or a Workout Delayed Reimbursement Amount, out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account.

 

Time to time

Interest on P&I Advances / Master Servicer and Trustee

 

At a rate per annum equal to Reimbursement Rate calculated on the number of days the related Advance remains unreimbursed.

 

First, out of default interest and late payment charges on the related Mortgage Loan and then, after or at the same time that advance is reimbursed, out of general collections then on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans.

 

Monthly

Indemnification Expenses /
Trustee, Certificate Administrator, Depositor, Master Servicer, Operating Advisor, Asset Representations Reviewer or Special Servicer and any director, officer, employee or agent of any of the foregoing parties

 

Amount to which such party is entitled for indemnification under the PSA.

 

Out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account or the Distribution Account (and, under certain circumstances, from collections on Serviced Companion Loans)

 

Time to time

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee / CREFC®

 

With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate multiplied by the outstanding principal amount of each Mortgage Loan.

 

Out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account.

 

Monthly

Expenses of the issuing entity not advanced (which may include reimbursable expenses incurred by the Operating Advisor or Asset Representations Reviewer, expenses relating to environmental remediation or

 

Based on third party charges.

 

First from collections on the related Mortgage Loan (income on the related REO Property), if applicable, and then from general collections in the Collection Account (and custodial account with respect to a Serviced Companion Loan, if

 

 

 

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Type/Recipient(1)

 

Amount(1)

 

Source(1)

 

Frequency

appraisals, expenses of operating REO Property and expense incurred by any independent contractor hired to operate REO Property)       applicable), subject to certain limitations.    

 

 

(1)

With respect to any Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Companion Loan (or any Specially Serviced Loan) in respect of which an REO Property was acquired, and all references to Mortgage Loan, Companion Loan, Specially Serviced Loan in this table will be deemed to also be references to or to also include any REO Loans.

 

With respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related master servicer, special servicer, certificate administrator, trustee, operating advisor and/or asset representations reviewer under the Non-Serviced PSA governing the servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be entitled to receive similar fees and reimbursements with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan in amounts, from sources and at frequencies that are similar, but not necessarily identical, to those described above and, in certain cases (for example, with respect to unreimbursed special servicing fees and servicing advances with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan), such amounts may be reimbursable from general collections on the other Mortgage Loans to the extent not recoverable from the Non-Serviced Whole Loan.

 

In connection with the servicing and administration of each Serviced Whole Loan pursuant to the terms of the PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement, the master servicer and special servicer will be entitled to servicing compensation, without duplication, with respect to the related Serviced Companion Loan as well as the related Mortgage Loan to the extent consistent with the PSA and not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

In connection with a serviced A/B whole loan, costs and expenses of servicing and administration are generally payable or reimbursable to service providers before payments are made to noteholders from proceeds on such Whole Loan. To the extent paid from collections on the Mortgage Loans, such costs and expenses (e.g., reimbursements of Servicing Advances, interest on advances and certain special servicing compensation) would generally reduce distributions to certificateholders in reverse order of priority.

 

(2)

Subject to certain offsets as described below. Circumstances as to when a Liquidation Fee is not payable are set forth in this “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses” section.

 

(3)

Allocable between the master servicer and the special servicer as provided in the PSA.

 

Master Servicing Compensation

 

The fee of the master servicer including the fee of any primary or other sub-servicer (the “Servicing Fee”) will be payable monthly from amounts allocable in respect of interest received in respect of each Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan (to the extent not prohibited under the related Intercreditor Agreement), and will accrue at a rate (the “Servicing Fee Rate”) on the [Stated Principal Balance] of such Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, equal to a per annum rate ranging from [_____] % to [______] %. The Servicing Fee payable to the master servicer with respect to each Serviced Companion Loan will be payable, subject to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement, from amounts payable in respect of the related Companion Loan.

 

In addition to the Servicing Fee, the master servicer will be entitled to retain, as additional servicing compensation (other than with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the following amounts to the extent collected from the related borrower:

 

 

[__]% of Excess Modification Fees related to any modifications, waivers, extensions or amendments of any Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that are not Specially Serviced Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement; provided that with respect to such transactions, the consent of and/or processing by the special servicer is not required for the related transaction and, in the event that the special servicer’s consent and/or processing is required, then the master servicer will be entitled to 50% of such fees;

 

286

 

 

 

[__]% of all assumption application fees received on any Mortgage Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans (including any related Serviced Companion Loan to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) (whether or not the consent of the special servicer is required) and 100% of all defeasance fees;

 

 

[__]% of assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees and other processing fees pursuant to the PSA on any Mortgage Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans (including any related Serviced Companion Loan to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement), provided that with respect to such transactions, the consent of the special servicer is not required to take such actions;

 

 

[__]% of all assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees and other processing fees (other than assumption application and defeasance fees), in each case, with respect to all Mortgage Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans (including any related Serviced Companion Loan to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) for which the special servicer’s processing, consent or approval is required and only to the extent that all amounts then due and payable with respect to the related Mortgage Loan have been paid; and

 

 

late payment charges and default interest paid by the borrowers (that were accrued while the related Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any related Serviced Companion Loan (to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) were not Specially Serviced Loans), but only to the extent such late payment charges and default interest are not needed to pay interest on Advances or certain additional trust fund expenses incurred with respect to the related Mortgage Loan or, if provided under the related Intercreditor Agreement, any related Serviced Companion Loan since the Closing Date.

 

In addition, the master servicer also is authorized but not required to invest or direct the investment of funds held in the Collection Account in Permitted Investments, and the master servicer will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on those funds and will bear any losses resulting from the investment of these funds, except as set forth in the PSA. The master servicer also is entitled to retain any interest earned on any servicing escrow account to the extent the interest is not required to be paid to the related borrowers.

 

[See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments”.]

 

Excess Modification Fees”  means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, the sum of (A) the excess, if any, of (i) any and all Modification Fees with respect to a modification, waiver, extension or amendment of any of the terms of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, over (ii) all unpaid or unreimbursed additional expenses (including, without limitation, reimbursement of Advances and interest on Advances to the extent not otherwise paid or reimbursed by the borrower but excluding Special Servicing Fees, Workout Fees and Liquidation Fees) outstanding or previously incurred on behalf of the issuing entity with respect to the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, and reimbursed from such Modification Fees and (B) expenses previously paid or reimbursed from Modification Fees as described in the preceding clause (A), which expenses have been recovered from the related borrower or otherwise.

 

Modification Fees” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Companion Loans, any and all fees with respect to a modification, extension, waiver or amendment that modifies, extends, amends or waives any term of such Mortgage Loan documents and/or related Serviced Companion Loan documents (as evidenced by a signed writing) agreed to by the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable (other than all assumption fees, assumption application fees, consent fees, defeasance fees, Special Servicing Fees, Liquidation Fees or Workout Fees).

 

With respect to each of the master servicer and special servicer, the Excess Modification Fees collected and earned by such person from the related borrower (taken in the aggregate with any other Excess Modification Fees collected and earned by such person from the related borrower within the prior

 

287

 

12-months of the collection of the current Excess Modification Fees) will be subject to a cap of [1.0]% of the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan on the closing date of the related modification, extension, waiver or amendment (after giving effect to such modification, extension, waiver or amendment) with respect to any Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan.

 

The Servicing Fee is calculated on the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan (including the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and each related Serviced Companion Loan in the same manner as interest is calculated on such Mortgage Loans and Serviced Companion Loans. The Servicing Fee for each Mortgage Loan is included in the Administrative Cost Rate listed for that Mortgage Loan on Annex A-1. Any Servicing Fee Rate calculated on an Actual/360 Basis will be recomputed on the basis of twelve 30-day months, assuming a 360-day year (“30/360 Basis”) for purposes of calculating the Net Mortgage Rate.

 

[Pursuant to the terms of the PSA, [NAME OF MASTER SERVICER] will be entitled to retain a portion of the Servicing Fee with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and, to the extent provided for in the related Intercreditor Agreement, each Serviced Companion Loan notwithstanding any termination or resignation of [NAME OF MASTER SERVICER] as master servicer; provided that [NAME OF MASTER SERVICER] may not retain any portion of the Servicing Fee to the extent that portion of the Servicing Fee is required to appoint a successor master servicer. In addition, [NAME OF MASTER SERVICER] will have the right to assign and transfer its rights to receive that retained portion of its Servicing Fee to another party.]

 

The master servicer will be required to pay its overhead and any general and administrative expenses incurred by it in connection with its servicing activities under the PSA. The master servicer will be entitled to reimbursement for any expenses incurred by it except as expressly provided in the PSA. The master servicer will be responsible for all fees payable to any sub-servicers. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Method, Timing and Amount”.

 

[With respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the master servicer (or primary servicer) will be entitled to a primary servicing fee accruing at a rate equal to [ [_____] % per annum with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan][LIST PRIMARY SERVICING FEE RATE FOR NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOAN].]

 

Special Servicing Compensation

 

The principal compensation to be paid to the special servicer in respect of its special servicing activities will be the Special Servicing Fee, the Workout Fee and the Liquidation Fee.

 

The “Special Servicing Fee” will accrue with respect to each Specially Serviced Loan and each REO Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) on a loan-by-loan basis at a rate equal to a per annum rate of [______]% [INSERT CAPS OR MINIMUMS] (the “Special Servicing Fee Rate”) calculated on the basis of the Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan (including any REO Loan), Companion Loan and the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, as applicable, and in the same manner as interest is calculated on the Specially Serviced Loans, and will be payable monthly, first from Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, and collections in respect of the related REO Property or Specially Serviced Loan and then from general collections on all the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any REO Properties. The Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be subject to a similar special servicing fee pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA. For further detail, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan”.

 

The “Workout Fee” will generally be payable with respect to each Corrected Loan and will be calculated by application of a “Workout Fee Rate” of [______]% to each collection (other than penalty charges and Excess Interest) of interest and principal (other than any amount for which a Liquidation Fee would be paid) (including scheduled payments, prepayments, balloon payments, and payments at maturity or anticipated repayment date) received on the Corrected Loan for so long as it remains a Corrected Loan [INSERT MAXIMUM/MINIMUM FEES]. The “Excess Modification Fee Amount” with respect to either the master servicer or the special servicer, any Corrected Loan and any particular

 

288

 

modification, waiver, extension or amendment with respect to such Corrected Loan that gives rise to the payment of a Workout Fee, is an amount equal to the aggregate of any Excess Modification Fees paid by or on behalf of the related borrower with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (including the related Serviced Companion Loan or Subordinate Companion Loan, if applicable, unless prohibited under the related Intercreditor Agreement) and received and retained by the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, as compensation within the prior [18] months of such modification, waiver, extension or amendment, but only to the extent those fees have not previously been deducted from a Workout Fee or Liquidation Fee. The Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be subject to a similar workout fee pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA. For further details, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

The Workout Fee with respect to any Corrected Loan will cease to be payable if the Corrected Loan again becomes a Specially Serviced Loan but will become payable again if and when the Mortgage Loan (including a Serviced Companion Loan again becomes a Corrected Loan. The Workout Fee with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan that becomes a Corrected Loan will be reduced by any Excess Modification Fees paid by or on behalf of the related borrower with respect to a related Mortgage Loan or REO Loan and received by the special servicer as compensation within the prior [18] months, but only to the extent those fees have not previously been deducted from a Workout Fee or Liquidation Fee [INSERT MAXIMUM/MINIMUM FEES].

 

If the special servicer is terminated (other than for cause) or resigns, it will retain the right to receive any and all Workout Fees payable with respect to a Mortgage Loan, Serviced Companion Loan that became a Corrected Loan during the period that it acted as special servicer and remained a Corrected Loan at the time of that termination or resignation, except that such Workout Fees will cease to be payable if the Corrected Loan again becomes a Specially Serviced Loan. The successor special servicer will not be entitled to any portion of those Workout Fees. If the special servicer resigns or is terminated (other than for cause), it will receive any Workout Fees payable on Specially Serviced Loans for which the resigning or terminated special servicer had determined to grant a forbearance or cured the event of default through a modification, restructuring or workout negotiated by the special servicer and evidenced by a signed writing, but which had not as of the time the special servicer resigned or was terminated become a Corrected Loan solely because the borrower had not made three consecutive timely Periodic Payments and which subsequently becomes a Corrected Loan as a result of the borrower making such three consecutive timely Periodic Payments.

 

A “Liquidation Fee” will be payable to the special servicer with respect to each Specially Serviced Loan or REO Property (except with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) as to which the special servicer receives (a) a full, partial or discounted payoff from the related borrower or (b) any Liquidation Proceeds or Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds (including the related Companion Loan, if applicable) or REO Property. The Liquidation Fee for each Specially Serviced Loan (and each related Serviced Companion Loan) and REO Property will be payable from, and will be calculated by application of a “Liquidation Fee Rate” of [___]% to the related payment or proceeds; provided that the Liquidation Fee with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan will be reduced by the amount of any Excess Modification Fees paid by or on behalf of the related borrower with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (including a Serviced Companion Loan or REO Property and received by the special servicer as compensation within the prior [18] months, but only to the extent those fees have not previously been deducted from a Workout Fee or Liquidation Fee [INSERT MAXIMUM/MINIMUM FEES].

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary described above, no Liquidation Fee will be payable based upon, or out of, Liquidation Proceeds received in connection with:

 

(i)     (A) the repurchase of, or substitution for, any Mortgage Loan, Serviced Companion Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan by a mortgage loan seller for a breach of representation or warranty or for defective or deficient Mortgage Loan documentation within the time period (or extension of such time period) provided for such repurchase or substitution if such repurchase or substitution occurs prior to the termination of such extended period, or (B) the payment of a Loss of Value Payment in connection with any such breach or document defect,

 

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(ii)     the purchase of (A) any Specially Serviced Loan that is an AB Whole Loan or related REO Property by the holders of the Subordinate Companion Loan or the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates or (B) any Specially Serviced Loan or an REO Property that is subject to mezzanine indebtedness by the holder of the related mezzanine loan, in each case described in clause (ii)(A) or (B) above, within 90 days of such holder’s purchase option first becoming exercisable during the period prior to such Mortgage Loan becoming a Corrected Loan,

 

(iii)     the purchase of all of the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties and, if applicable, the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, in connection with an optional termination of the issuing entity,

 

(iv)     with respect to a [Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan], (A) a repurchase of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan by the applicable mortgage loan seller for a breach of representation or warranty or for defective or deficient Mortgage Loan documentation under the pooling and servicing agreement for the securitization trust that owns such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan within the time period (or extension of such time period) provided for such repurchase if such repurchase occurs prior to the termination of such extended period provided in such pooling and servicing agreement or (B) a purchase of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan by an applicable party to a pooling and servicing agreement pursuant to a clean-up call or similar liquidation of another securitization entity,

 

(v)     the purchase of any Specially Serviced Loan by the special servicer or its affiliate (except if such affiliate purchaser is the Directing Certificateholder or its affiliate; provided, however, that if no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, such affiliated Directing Certificateholder or its affiliate purchases any Specially Serviced Loan within 90 days after the special servicer delivers to such Directing Certificateholder for approval the initial asset status report with respect to such Specially Serviced Loan, the special servicer will not be entitled to a liquidation fee in connection with such purchase by the Directing Certificateholder or its affiliates) or

 

(vi)     if a Mortgage Loan or the Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Specially Serviced Loan only because of an event described in clause (1) of the definition of “Specially Serviced Loan” under the heading “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—General” and the related Liquidation Proceeds are received within 90 days following the related maturity date as a result of the related Mortgage Loan or the Serviced Whole Loan being refinanced or otherwise repaid in full. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that a liquidation fee is not payable due to the application of any of clauses (i) through (v) above, the special servicer may still collect and retain a liquidation fee and similar fees from the related borrower to the extent provided for in, or not prohibited by, the related Mortgage Loan documents. The Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be subject to a similar liquidation fee pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA. For further detail, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan”.

 

The special servicer will also be entitled to additional servicing compensation in the form of:

 

(i)     [____]% of Excess Modification Fees related to modifications, waivers, extensions or amendments of any Specially Serviced Loans,

 

(ii)     [____]% of assumption application fees and assumption fees and other related fees as further described in the PSA, received with respect to the Specially Serviced Loans,

 

(iii)     [____]% of waiver, consent and earnout fees on any Specially Serviced Loan or certain other similar fees paid by the related borrower, and

 

(iv)     [____]% of all Excess Modification Fees and assumption fees, consent fees and earnout fees received with respect to all Mortgage Loans (including the Serviced Companion Loans, to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreements, if applicable) (excluding the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and Subordinate Companion Loan that are not Specially Serviced Loans and for which the special servicer’s processing, consent or approval is required.

 

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The special servicer will also be entitled to late payment charges and default interest paid by the borrowers and accrued while the related Mortgage Loans (including the related Companion Loan, if applicable, and to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) and Subordinate Companion Loan were Specially Serviced Loans and that are not needed to pay interest on Advances or certain additional trust fund expenses with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (including the related Companion Loan, if applicable, to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) and Subordinate Companion Loan since the Closing Date. The special servicer also is authorized but not required to invest or direct the investment of funds held in the REO Account in Permitted Investments, and the special servicer will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on those funds and will bear any losses resulting from the investment of these funds, except as set forth in the PSA.

 

The Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is serviced under the Non-Serviced PSA (including those occasions under the Non-Serviced PSA when the servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan has been transferred from the Non-Serviced Master Servicer to the Non-Serviced Special Servicer). Accordingly, in its capacity as the special servicer under the PSA, the special servicer will not be entitled to receive any special servicing compensation for the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. Only the Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to special servicing compensation on the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and only the Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to special servicing compensation on the Non-Serviced Whole Loan.

 

Disclosable Special Servicer Fees

 

The PSA will provide that the special servicer and its affiliates will be prohibited from receiving or retaining any Disclosable Special Servicer Fees in connection with the disposition, workout or foreclosure of any Mortgage Loan and Serviced Companion Loan, the management or disposition of any REO Property, or the performance of any other special servicing duties under the PSA. The PSA will also provide that, with respect to each Distribution Date, the special servicer must deliver or cause to be delivered to the master servicer within two (2) business days following the Determination Date, and the master servicer must deliver, to the extent it has received, to the certificate administrator, without charge and on the same day as the master servicer is required to deliver the CREFC® investor reporting package for such Distribution Date, an electronic report which discloses and contains an itemized listing of any Disclosable Special Servicer Fees received by the special servicer or any of its affiliates with respect to such Distribution Date, provided that no such report will be due in any month during which no Disclosable Special Servicer Fees were received.

 

Disclosable Special Servicer Fees” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan and related Serviced Companion Loan (including any related REO Property), any compensation and other remuneration (including, without limitation, in the form of commissions, brokerage fees, rebates, or as a result of any other fee-sharing arrangement) received or retained by the special servicer or any of its affiliates that is paid by any person (including, without limitation, the issuing entity, any mortgagor, any manager, any guarantor or indemnitor in respect of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan and any purchaser of any Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan or REO Property) in connection with the disposition, workout or foreclosure of any Mortgage Loan, the management or disposition of any REO Property, and the performance by the special servicer or any such affiliate of any other special servicing duties under the PSA, other than (1) any Permitted Special Servicer/Affiliate Fees and (2) any compensation to which the special servicer is entitled pursuant to the PSA.

 

Permitted Special Servicer/Affiliate Fees” means any commercially reasonable treasury management fees, banking fees, title agency fees, insurance commissions or fees and appraisal fees received or retained by the special servicer or any of its affiliates in connection with any services performed by such party with respect to any Mortgage Loan and Serviced Companion Loan (including any related REO Property) in accordance with the PSA.

 

The special servicer will be required to pay its overhead and any general and administrative expenses incurred by it in connection with its servicing activities under the PSA. The special servicer will

 

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not be entitled to reimbursement for any expenses incurred by it except as expressly provided in the PSA. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Method, Timing and Amount.

 

Certificate Administrator and Trustee Compensation

 

As compensation for the performance of its routine duties, the trustee and the certificate administrator will be paid a fee (collectively, the “Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee”); provided that the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee includes the trustee fee, and the certificate administrator will pay the trustee fee to the trustee in an amount equal to $[____] per month. The Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee will be payable monthly from amounts received in respect of the mortgage loans and will be equal to the product of a rate equal to [______]% per annum (the “Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate”) and the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Loans and will be calculated in the same manner as interest is calculated on such Mortgage Loans. The Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee includes the trustee fee.

 

Operating Advisor Compensation

 

The fee of the operating advisor (the “Operating Advisor Fee”) will be payable monthly from amounts received in respect of each Mortgage Loan (including the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, but not the Companion Loan) and REO Loan, and will accrue at a rate (the “Operating Advisor Fee Rate”), equal to a per annum rate of [________]%,and the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Loans and will be calculated in the same manner as interest is calculated on such Mortgage Loans.

 

An “Operating Advisor Consulting Fee” will be payable to the operating advisor with respect to each Major Decision on which the operating advisor has consultation obligations and performed its duties with respect to that Major Decision. The Operating Advisor Consulting Fee will be a fee for each such Major Decision equal to $[_____] (or such lesser amount as provided in the following paragraph) with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan); provided that the operating advisor may in its sole discretion reduce the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee with respect to any Major Decision.

 

Each of the Operating Advisor Fee and the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee will be payable from funds on deposit in the Collection Account out of amounts otherwise available to make distributions on the Offered Certificates as described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”, but with respect to the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee, only as and to the extent that such fee is actually received from the related borrower. If the operating advisor has consultation rights with respect to a Major Decision, the PSA will require the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, to use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to collect the applicable Operating Advisor Consulting Fee from the related borrower in connection with such Major Decision, but only to the extent not prohibited by the related Mortgage Loan documents or applicable law. The master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, will each be permitted to waive or reduce the amount of any such Operating Advisor Consulting Fee payable by the related borrower if it determines that such full or partial waiver is in accordance with the Servicing Standard but in no event will it take any enforcement action with respect to the collection of such Operating Advisor Consulting Fee other than requests for collection; provided that the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, will be required to consult, on a non-binding basis, with the operating advisor prior to any such waiver or reduction.

 

In addition to the Operating Advisor Fee and the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee, the operating advisor will be entitled to reimbursement of Operating Advisor Expenses in accordance with the terms of the PSA. “Operating Advisor Expenses” for each Distribution Date will equal any unreimbursed indemnification amounts or additional trust fund expenses payable to the operating advisor pursuant to the PSA (other than the Operating Advisor Fee and the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee).

 

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Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation

 

With respect to each Delinquent Loan, the asset representations reviewer is required to be paid a fee of $[_________] (the “Asset Representations Reviewer Fee”). Additionally, the asset representations reviewer is required to be paid or reimbursed for its reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its counsel and of all persons not regularly in its employ) to the extent such payments are “unanticipated expenses”, except any such expense or disbursement as may arise from its negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. [Similar fees and/or fee provisions to those described above will be (or are expected to be) payable to the applicable asset representations reviewer under the Non-Serviced PSA with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, although there may be differences in the calculations of such fees.]

 

The Asset Representations Reviewer Fee and such costs and expenses will be payable from funds on deposit in the Collection Account out of amounts otherwise available to make distributions on the certificates as described above in “—Withdrawals from the Collection Account”, except that the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee and any related costs and expenses with respect to a Delinquent Loan is required to be included in the Purchase Price for any Mortgage Loan that was the subject of a completed Asset Review and that is repurchased by a mortgage loan seller.

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee will be paid to CREFC® on a monthly basis.

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee” with respect to each Mortgage Loan, REO Loan (other than the portion of an REO Loan related to any Serviced Companion Loan) and Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and for any Distribution Date is the amount accrued during the related Interest Accrual Period at the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate on the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan, REO Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan as of the close of business on the Distribution Date in such Interest Accrual Period; provided, that such amounts will be computed for the same period and on the same interest accrual basis respecting which any related interest payment due or deemed due on the related Mortgage Loan, REO Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan is computed and will be prorated for partial periods. The CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee is a fee payable to CREFC® for a license to use the CREFC® Investor Reporting Package in connection with the servicing and administration, including delivery of periodic reports to the Certificateholders, of the issuing entity pursuant to the PSA. No CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee will be paid on any Companion Loan.

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate” with respect to each Mortgage Loan and Trust Subordinate Companion Loan is a rate equal to 0.0005% per annum.

 

Appraisal Reduction Amounts

 

After an Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or a Serviced Whole Loan, an Appraisal Reduction Amount is required to be calculated. An “Appraisal Reduction Event” will occur on the earliest of:

 

 

(1)

120 days after an uncured delinquency (without regard to the application of any grace period), other than any uncured delinquency in respect of a balloon payment, occurs in respect of the Mortgage Loan, a related Companion Loan or Subordinate Companion Loan, as applicable;

 

 

(2)

the date on which a reduction in the amount of Periodic Payments on the Mortgage Loan or related Subordinate Companion Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, or a change in any other material economic term of the Mortgage Loan or the related Subordinate Companion Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, (other than an extension of its maturity), becomes effective as a result of a modification of the related Mortgage Loan or the related Subordinate Companion Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, by the special servicer;

 

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(3)

30 days after the date on which a receiver has been appointed for the Mortgaged Property;

 

 

(4)

30 days after the date on which a borrower declares bankruptcy (and not otherwise dismissed within such time);

 

 

(5)

60 days after the date on which an involuntary petition of bankruptcy is filed with respect to the borrower if not dismissed within such time;

 

 

(6)

90 days after an uncured delinquency occurs in respect of a balloon payment with respect to such Mortgage Loan or related Subordinate Companion Loan or Companion Loan, except where a refinancing is anticipated within 120 days after the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan and related Companion Loan in which case 120 days after such uncured delinquency; and

 

 

(7)

immediately after a Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan becomes an REO Loan; provided, however, that the 30-day period referenced in clauses (3) and (4) above will not apply if the related Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan.

 

No Appraisal Reduction Event may occur at any time when the Certificate Balances of all classes of Subordinate Certificates have been reduced to zero.

 

The “Appraisal Reduction Amount” for any Distribution Date and for any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any Serviced Whole Loan as to which any Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred, will be an amount, calculated by the special servicer (prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (subject to DCH Limitations) and, after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, in consultation with the operating advisor), as of the first Determination Date that is at least 10 business days following the date the special servicer receives an appraisal or conducts a valuation described below equal to the excess of

 

(a) the Stated Principal Balance of that Mortgage Loan or the Stated Principal Balance of the applicable Serviced Whole Loan, as the case may be, over

 

(b) the excess of

 

1.  the sum of

 

 

a)

90% of the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property as determined (A) by one or more MAI appraisals obtained by the special servicer with respect to that Mortgage Loan (together with any other Mortgage Loan cross-collateralized with such Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan with an outstanding principal balance equal to or in excess of [$2,000,000] (the costs of which will be paid by the master servicer as an Advance), or (B) by an internal valuation performed by the special servicer with respect to any Mortgage Loan (together with any other Mortgage Loan cross-collateralized with such Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan with an outstanding principal balance less than [$2,000,000], minus with respect to any MAI appraisals such downward adjustments as the special servicer may make (without implying any obligation to do so) based upon its review of the appraisals and any other information it deems relevant, and

 

 

b)

all escrows, letters of credit and reserves in respect of that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan as of the date of calculation; over

 

2.  the sum as of the Due Date occurring in the month of the date of determination of

 

 

a)

to the extent not previously advanced by the master servicer or the trustee, all unpaid interest due on that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan at a per annum rate 

 

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equal to the Mortgage Rate (and any accrued and unpaid interest on any Subordinate Companion Loan),

 

 

b)

all P&I Advances on the related Mortgage Loan and all Servicing Advances on the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan not reimbursed from the proceeds of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and interest on those Advances at the Reimbursement Rate in respect of that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, and

 

 

c)

all currently due and unpaid real estate taxes and assessments, insurance premiums and ground rents, unpaid Special Servicing Fees and all other amounts due and unpaid (including any capitalized interest whether or not then due and payable) with respect to such Mortgage Loan, Serviced Whole Loan (which tax, premiums, ground rents and other amounts have not been the subject of an Advance by the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee, as applicable).

 

[Each Serviced Whole Loan will be treated as a single Mortgage Loan for purposes of calculating an Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the Mortgage Loan and Companion Loan, as applicable, that comprise such Serviced Whole Loan. Any Appraisal Reduction Amount in respect of any Serviced Mortgage Loan will be allocated, pro rata, between the related Serviced Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan based upon their respective Stated Principal Balances. Any Appraisal Reduction Amount in respect of an AB Whole Loan will be allocated, first, to the Subordinate Companion Loan (until its principal balance is notionally reduced to zero by such related Appraisal Reduction Amounts) and second, to the related Mortgage Loan. For a summary of the provisions in the Non-Serviced PSA relating to appraisal reductions, see “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan” below.

 

The special servicer will be required to order an appraisal or conduct a valuation, promptly upon the occurrence of an Appraisal Reduction Event (other than with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan). On the first Determination Date occurring on or after the tenth business day following the receipt of the MAI appraisal or the completion of the valuation, the special servicer will be required to calculate and report to the master servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and, prior to the occurrence of any Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder, the Appraisal Reduction Amount, taking into account the results of such appraisal or valuation and receipt of information requested by the special servicer from the master servicer reasonably necessary to calculate the Appraisal Reduction Amount. Such report will also be forwarded by the master servicer (or the special servicer if the related Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan), to the extent the related Serviced Companion Loan has been included in a securitization transaction, to the master servicer of such securitization into which the related Serviced Companion Loan has been sold, or to the holder of any related Serviced Companion Loan by the master servicer (or the special servicer if the related Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan).

 

In the event that the special servicer has not received any required MAI appraisal within 60 days after the Appraisal Reduction Event (or, in the case of an appraisal in connection with an Appraisal Reduction Event described in clauses (1) and (6) of the definition of Appraisal Reduction Event above, within 120 days (in the case of clause (1)) or 90 or 120 days (in the case of clause (6)), respectively, after the initial delinquency for the related Appraisal Reduction Event), the Appraisal Reduction Amount will be deemed to be an amount equal to 25% of the current Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan (or Serviced Whole Loan) until an MAI appraisal is received by the special servicer. The Appraisal Reduction Amount is calculated as of the first Determination Date that is at least ten (10) business days after the special servicer’s receipt of such MAI appraisal. The master servicer will provide (via electronic delivery) the special servicer with any information in its possession that is reasonably required to determine, redetermine, calculate or recalculate any Appraisal Reduction Amount pursuant to its definition using reasonable efforts to deliver such information within four business days of the special servicer’s reasonable request (which request is required to be made promptly, but in no event later than ten (10) business days, after the special servicer’s receipt of the applicable appraisal or preparation of the applicable internal valuation); provided, however, that the special servicer’s failure to timely make such a

 

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request will not relieve the master servicer of its obligation to use reasonable efforts to provide such information to the special servicer within four (4) business days following the special servicer’s reasonable request. The master servicer will not calculate Appraisal Reduction Amounts.

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and each Serviced Whole Loan as to which an Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred (unless the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan has remained current for three consecutive Periodic Payments, and with respect to which no other Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred with respect to that Mortgage Loan during the preceding three months (for such purposes taking into account any amendment or modification of such Mortgage Loan, any related Serviced Companion Loan or Serviced Whole Loan)), the special servicer is required (i) within 30 days of each anniversary of the related Appraisal Reduction Event and (ii) upon its determination that the value of the related Mortgaged Property has materially changed, to notify the master servicer of the occurrence of such anniversary or determination and to order an appraisal (which may be an update of a prior appraisal), the cost of which will be paid by the master servicer as a Servicing Advance (or to the extent it would be a Nonrecoverable Advance, an expense of the issuing entity paid out of the Collection Account), or to conduct an internal valuation, as applicable. Based upon the appraisal or valuation and receipt of information reasonably requested by the special servicer from the master servicer necessary to calculate the Appraisal Reduction Amount, the special servicer is required to determine or redetermine, as applicable, and report to the master servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and, prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event (subject to the DCH Limitations), the Directing Certificateholder, the calculated or recalculated amount of the Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, as applicable. Such report will also be forwarded to the holder of any related Companion Loan by the master servicer (or the special servicer if the related Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan). Prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event (subject to the DCH Limitations), the special servicer will consult with the Directing Certificateholder, with respect to any appraisal, valuation or downward adjustment in connection with an Appraisal Reduction Amount. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the special servicer will not be required to obtain an appraisal or valuation with respect to a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan that is the subject of an Appraisal Reduction Event to the extent the special servicer has obtained an appraisal or valuation with respect to the related Mortgaged Property within the 12-month period prior to the occurrence of the Appraisal Reduction Event. Instead, the special servicer may use the prior appraisal or valuation in calculating any Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, provided that the special servicer is not aware of any material change to the Mortgaged Property that has occurred that would affect the validity of the appraisal or valuation.

 

The Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is subject to provisions in the Non-Serviced PSA relating to appraisal reductions that are similar, but not necessarily identical, to the provisions described above. The existence of an appraisal reduction under the Non-Serviced PSA in respect of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will proportionately reduce the master servicer’s or the trustee’s, as the case may be, obligation to make P&I Advances on the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and will generally have the effect of reducing the amount otherwise available for distributions to the Certificateholders. Pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA, the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be treated, together with each related Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as a single mortgage loan for purposes of calculating an appraisal reduction amount with respect to the loans that comprise the Non-Serviced Whole Loan. Any appraisal reduction calculated with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan will generally be allocated to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, on a pro rata basis based upon their respective Stated Principal Balances.

 

If any Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any Serviced Whole Loan previously subject to an Appraisal Reduction Amount that becomes a Corrected Loan, and with respect to which no other Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred and is continuing, the Appraisal Reduction Amount and the related Appraisal Reduction Event will cease to exist.

 

As a result of calculating one or more Appraisal Reduction Amounts (and, in the case of any Whole Loan, to the extent allocated in the related Mortgage Loan), the amount of any required P&I Advance will be reduced, which will have the effect of reducing the amount of interest available to the most subordinate

 

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class of certificates or Trust Components then-outstanding (i.e., first, to Class [__] certificates, second, to the Class [__] certificates, third, to the Class [__] certificates, fourth, to the Class [A] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [A] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [A] Trust Component), fifth, to the Class [B] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [B] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [B] Trust Component), sixth, to the Class [C] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [C] Trust Component), and finally, pro rata based on their respective interest entitlements, to the Senior Certificates). See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”. [The resulting reduction of interest entitlements will also result in a corresponding reduction in any amount of the interest entitlement of the VRR Interest. Appraisal Reduction Amounts and Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocated to a related Mortgage Loan will be allocated between the VRR Interest on the one hand and the Non-Vertically Retained Certificates, on the other hand, based on the Vertically Retained Percentage and the Non-Vertically Retained Percentage, respectively.]

 

As of the first Determination Date following a Serviced Mortgage Loan becoming an AB Modified Loan, the special servicer will be required to calculate whether a Collateral Deficiency Amount exists with respect to such AB Modified Loan, taking into account the most recent appraisal obtained by the special servicer with respect to such Mortgage Loan, and all other information relevant to a Collateral Deficiency Amount determination. Upon obtaining knowledge or receipt of notice by the special servicer that a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan has become an AB Modified Loan, the special servicer will be required to (i) promptly request from the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer, Non-Serviced Special Servicer and Non-Serviced Trustee the most recent appraisal with respect to such AB Modified Loan, in addition to all other information reasonably required by the special servicer to calculate whether a Collateral Deficiency Amount exists with respect to such AB Modified Loan, and (ii) as of the first Determination Date following receipt by the special servicer of the appraisal and any other information set forth in the immediately preceding clause (i) that the special servicer reasonably expects to receive, calculate whether a Collateral Deficiency Amount exists with respect to such AB Modified Loan, taking into account the most recent appraisal obtained by the Non-Serviced Special Servicer with respect to such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, and all other information relevant to a Collateral Deficiency Amount determination. Upon obtaining knowledge or receipt of notice by any other party to the PSA that a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan has become an AB Modified Loan, such party will be required to promptly notify the special servicer thereof. The master servicer, upon reasonable prior written request, will provide the special servicer with information in its possession that is reasonably required to calculate or recalculate any Collateral Deficiency Amount. None of the master servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator will calculate or verify any Collateral Deficiency Amount.

 

A “Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount” as of any date of determination, is equal to the sum of (i) all Appraisal Reduction Amounts then in effect, and (ii) with respect to any AB Modified Loan, any Collateral Deficiency Amount then in effect. The master servicer and the certificate administrator will be entitled to conclusively rely on the special servicer’s calculation or determination of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount. The master servicer, the special servicer and the certificate administrator will be entitled to conclusively rely on the applicable Non-Serviced Special Servicer’s calculation of any Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan.

 

AB Modified Loan” means any Corrected Loan (1) that became a Corrected Loan (which includes for purposes of this definition any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan that became a ”corrected loan” (or any term substantially similar thereto) pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA) due to a modification thereto that resulted in the creation of an A/B note structure (or similar structure) and as to which the new junior note(s) did not previously exist or the principal amount of the new junior note(s) was previously part of either an A note held by the issuing entity or the original unmodified Mortgage Loan and (2) as to which an Appraisal Reduction Amount is not in effect.

 

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Collateral Deficiency Amount” means, with respect to any AB Modified Loan as of any date of determination, the excess of (i) the Stated Principal Balance of such AB Modified Loan (taking into account the related junior note(s) and any pari passu notes included therein, as well as any equity interests or other obligations senior to such junior notes), over (ii) the sum of (in the case of a Whole Loan, solely to the extent allocable to the subject Mortgage Loan) (x) the most recent Appraised Value for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, plus (y) solely to the extent not reflected or taken into account in such Appraised Value and to the extent on deposit with, or otherwise under the control of, the lender (or otherwise on deposit with a party acceptable to the lender or expended for the benefit of the Mortgaged Property or the Mortgage Loan at the time the Mortgage Loan became subject of a workout and became (and as part of the modification related to) such AB Modified Loan) as of the date of such determination, any capital or additional collateral contributed by the related borrower at the time the Mortgage Loan became the subject of a workout and became (and as part of the modification related to) such AB Modified Loan for the benefit of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties (provided, that in the case of a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the amounts set forth in this clause (y) will be taken into account solely to the extent relevant information is received by the special servicer), plus (z) any other escrows or reserves (in addition to any amounts set forth in the immediately preceding clause (y)) held by the lender in respect of such AB Modified Loan as of the date of such determination.

 

For purposes of determining the Controlling Class, the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and the Voting Rights of the related Classes for purposes of removal of the special servicer or the operating advisor, (i) Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocated to a related Mortgage Loan will be allocated to each class of Principal Balance Certificates (other than the Class [EC] and each Trust Component in reverse sequential order to notionally reduce their Certificate Balances until the Certificate Balances of each such class and Trust Component is notionally reduced to zero (i.e., first, to Class [__] certificates, second, to the Class [__] certificates, third, to the Class [__] certificates, fourth, to the Class [A] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [A] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [A] Trust Component), fifth, to the Class [B] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [B] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [B] Trust Component), sixth, to the Class [C] Trust Component (and correspondingly, to the Class [C] certificates and the Class [EC] certificates, pro rata based on their respective percentage interests in the Class [C] Trust Component), and finally, pro rata based on their respective interest entitlements, to the Senior Certificates), and (ii) Collateral Deficiency Amounts allocated to a related Mortgage Loan will be allocated to each class of Control Eligible Certificates in reverse sequential order to notionally reduce their Certificate Balances until the Certificate Balance of each such class is notionally reduced to zero. [The Vertically Retained Percentage of Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts will be allocated to the VRR Interest.]

 

With respect to any Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount calculated for purposes of determining the Controlling Class, the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, Consultation Termination Event or Operating Advisor Consultation Event and the Voting Rights of the related Classes for purposes of removal of the special servicer or the operating advisor, the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property will be determined on an “as-is” basis. The special servicer will be required to promptly notify the master servicer and the certificate administrator of (i) any Appraisal Reduction Amount, (ii) any Collateral Deficiency Amount and (iii) any resulting Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount, and the certificate administrator will be required to promptly post notice of such Appraisal Reduction Amount, Collateral Deficiency Amount and/or Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount, as applicable, to the certificate administrator’s website.

 

Any class of Control Eligible Certificates, the Certificate Balance of which (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts or Collateral Deficiency Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balance of such class) has been reduced to less than 25% of its initial Certificate Balance, is referred to as an “Appraised-Out Class”. The holders of the majority (by Certificate Balance) of an Appraised-Out Class will have the right, at their sole expense, to require the special servicer to order (or, with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, require the master servicer to request from the applicable Non-Serviced Special Servicer) a second appraisal of any Mortgage Loan (or Serviced Whole Loan) for

 

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which an Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred or as to which there exists a Collateral Deficiency Amount (such holders, the “Requesting Holders”). With respect to any Serviced Mortgage Loan, the special servicer will be required to use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that such appraisal is delivered within 30 days from receipt of the Requesting Holders’ written request and will be required to ensure that such appraisal is prepared on an “as-is” basis by an MAI appraiser. With respect to any such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the master servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain such second appraisal from the applicable Non-Serviced Special Servicer and to forward such second appraisal to the special servicer. Upon receipt of such supplemental appraisal, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer (for Appraisal Reduction Amounts on Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans to extent provided for in the applicable Non-Serviced PSA and applicable Intercreditor Agreement) and the special servicer (for Collateral Deficiency Amounts on Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans and for Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts on Serviced Mortgage Loans) will be required to determine, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, whether, based on its assessment of such supplemental appraisal, any recalculation of the applicable Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount is warranted and, if so warranted, will be required to recalculate such Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount, as applicable, based upon such supplemental appraisal and receipt of information requested by the special servicer from the master servicer as described above. If required by any such recalculation, the applicable Appraised-Out Class will be reinstated as the Controlling Class and each Appraised-Out Class will, if applicable, have its related Certificate Balance notionally restored to the extent required by such recalculation of the Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount, if applicable.

 

Any Appraised-Out Class may not exercise any direction, control, consent and/or similar rights of the Controlling Class until such time, if any, as such class is reinstated as the Controlling Class; the rights of the Controlling Class will be exercised by the most senior Control Eligible Certificates, if any, during such period.

 

[With respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder will be subject to provisions similar to those described above. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.]

 

[With respect to an AB Whole Loan, the holder of the related Subordinate Companion Loan (or, in the case of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder) may in certain circumstances post collateral to avoid a change of control as described in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.]

 

Maintenance of Insurance

 

To the extent permitted by the related Mortgage Loan and required by the Servicing Standard, the master servicer (with respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan, but excluding the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) will be required to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to cause each borrower to maintain, and the special servicer (with respect to related REO Properties other than the Mortgaged Property securing the Non-Serviced Whole Loan and subject to the conditions set forth in the following sentence) will maintain, for the related Mortgaged Property all insurance coverage required by the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents; provided, however, that the master servicer (with respect to Mortgage Loans and Serviced Companion Loans) will not be required to cause the borrower to maintain and the special servicer (with respect to REO Properties) will not be required to maintain terrorism insurance to the extent that the failure of the related borrower to do so is an Acceptable Insurance Default (as defined below) or if the trustee does not have an insurable interest. Insurance coverage is required to be in the amounts (which, in the case of casualty insurance, is generally equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan and the replacement cost of the related Mortgaged Property), and from an insurer meeting the requirements, set forth in the related Mortgage Loan documents. If the borrower does not maintain such coverage, the master servicer (with respect to such Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to REO Properties other than a Mortgaged Property securing the Non-Serviced Whole Loan), as the case may be, will be required to maintain such coverage to the extent

 

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such coverage is available at commercially reasonable rates and the trustee has an insurable interest, as determined by the master servicer (with respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan) or special servicer (with respect to REO Properties other than a Mortgaged Property securing the Non-Serviced Whole Loan), as applicable, in accordance with the Servicing Standard; provided that the master servicer will be obligated to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to cause the borrower to maintain (or to itself maintain) insurance against property damage resulting from terrorist or similar acts unless the borrower’s failure is an Acceptable Insurance Default as determined by the special servicer with (unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (subject to the DCH Limitations). See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans” and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties”.

 

Notwithstanding any contrary provision above, the master servicer will not be required to maintain, and will not be in default for failing to obtain, any earthquake or environmental insurance on any Mortgaged Property unless (other than with respect to a Mortgaged Property securing the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) such insurance was required at the time of origination of the related Mortgage Loan, the trustee has an insurable interest and is currently available at commercially reasonable rates. In addition, the master servicer and special servicer will be entitled to rely on insurance consultants (at the applicable servicer’s expense) in determining whether any insurance is available at commercially reasonable rates. After the master servicer determines that a Mortgaged Property other than the Mortgaged Property securing the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is located in an area identified as a federally designated special flood hazard area (and flood insurance has been made available), the master servicer will be required to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to (1) cause each borrower to maintain (to the extent required by the related Mortgage Loan documents), and if the borrower does not so maintain, will be required to (2) itself maintain to the extent the trustee, as mortgagee, has an insurable interest in the Mortgaged Property and is available at commercially reasonable rates (as determined by the master servicer in accordance with the Servicing Standard) a flood insurance policy in an amount representing coverage not less than the lesser of (x) the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Companion Loan) and (y) the maximum amount of insurance which is available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended, plus such additional excess flood coverage with respect to the Mortgaged Property, if any, in an amount consistent with the Servicing Standard, but only to the extent that the related Mortgage Loan permits the lender to require the coverage and maintaining coverage is consistent with the Servicing Standard.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to the Mortgage Loans (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan, that either (x) require the borrower to maintain “all-risk” property insurance (and do not expressly permit an exclusion for terrorism) or (y) contain provisions generally requiring the applicable borrower to maintain insurance in types and against such risks as the holder of such Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Companion Loan reasonably requires from time to time in order to protect its interests, the master servicer will be required to, consistent with the Servicing Standard, (A) monitor in accordance with the Servicing Standard whether the insurance policies for the related Mortgaged Property contain exclusions in addition to those customarily found in insurance policies for mortgaged properties similar to the Mortgaged Properties on or prior to September 11, 2001 (“Additional Exclusions”), (B) request the borrower to either purchase insurance against the risks specified in the Additional Exclusions or provide an explanation as to its reasons for failing to purchase such insurance, and (C) notify the special servicer if it has knowledge that any insurance policy contains Additional Exclusions or if it has knowledge that any borrower fails to purchase the insurance requested to be purchased by the master servicer pursuant to clause (B) above. If the special servicer determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that such failure is not an Acceptable Insurance Default, the special servicer will be required to notify the master servicer and the master servicer will be required to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to cause such insurance to be maintained. If the special servicer determines that such failure is an Acceptable Insurance Default, it will be required to promptly deliver such conclusions in writing to the 17g-5 Information Provider for posting to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website for those Mortgage Loans that (i) have one of the ten (10) highest outstanding principal balances of the Mortgage Loans then

 

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included in the issuing entity or (ii) comprise more than 5% of the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loans then included in the issuing entity.

 

Acceptable Insurance Default” means, with respect to any mortgage loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, a default under the related Mortgage Loan documents arising by reason of (i) any failure on the part of the related borrower to maintain with respect to the related Mortgaged Property specific insurance coverage with respect to, or an all-risk casualty insurance policy that does not specifically exclude, terrorist or similar acts, and/or (ii) any failure on the part of the related borrower to maintain with respect to the related Mortgaged Property insurance coverage with respect to damages or casualties caused by terrorist or similar acts upon terms not materially less favorable than those in place as of the Closing Date, in each case, as to which default the master servicer and the special servicer may forbear taking any enforcement action; provided that, subject to the consent or consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder or the holder of any Companion Loan as described under “—The Directing Certificateholder—Major Decisions”, the special servicer has determined in its reasonable judgment based on inquiry consistent with the Servicing Standard that either (a) such insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates and that such hazards are not at the time commonly insured against for properties similar to the related Mortgaged Property and located in or around the region in which such related Mortgaged Property is located, or (b) such insurance is not available at any rate.

 

During the period that the special servicer is evaluating the availability of such insurance, or waiting for a response from the Directing Certificateholder, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will be liable for any loss related to its failure to require the borrower to maintain such insurance and neither will be in default of its obligations as a result of such failure unless the master servicer or the special servicer is required to take any immediate action pursuant to the Servicing Standard and other servicing requirements under the PSA as described under “—The Directing Certificateholder—Control Termination Event and Consultation Termination Event—Servicing Override”.

 

The special servicer will be required to maintain (or cause to be maintained), fire and hazard insurance on each REO Property (other than any REO Property with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), to the extent obtainable at commercially reasonable rates and the trustee has an insurable interest, in an amount that is at least equal to the lesser of (1) the full replacement cost of the improvements on the REO Property, and (2) the outstanding principal balance owing on the related Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Companion Loan or REO Loan, as applicable, and in any event, the amount necessary to avoid the operation of any co-insurance provisions. In addition, if the REO Property is located in an area identified as a federally designated special flood hazard area, the special servicer will be required to cause to be maintained, to the extent available at commercially reasonable rates (as determined by the special servicer in accordance with the Servicing Standard), a flood insurance policy meeting the requirements of the current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration in an amount representing coverage not less than the maximum amount of insurance that is available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended.

 

The PSA provides that the master servicer may satisfy its obligation to cause each borrower to maintain a hazard insurance policy and the master servicer or special servicer may satisfy their respective obligation to maintain hazard insurance by maintaining a blanket or master single interest or force-placed policy insuring against hazard losses on the Mortgage Loans and related Serviced Companion Loan and REO Properties (other than the Mortgaged Property securing the Non-Serviced Whole Loan), as applicable. Any losses incurred with respect to Mortgage Loans (and any related Serviced Companion Loan) or REO Properties due to uninsured risks (including earthquakes, mudflows and floods) or insufficient hazard insurance proceeds may adversely affect payments to Certificateholders. Any cost incurred by the master servicer or special servicer in maintaining a hazard insurance policy, if the borrower defaults on its obligation to do so, will be advanced by the master servicer as a Servicing Advance and will be charged to the related borrower. Generally, no borrower is required by the Mortgage Loan documents to maintain earthquake insurance on any Mortgaged Property and the special servicer will not be required to maintain earthquake insurance on any REO Properties. Any cost of maintaining

 

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that kind of required insurance or other earthquake insurance obtained by the special servicer will be paid out of the REO Account or advanced by the master servicer as a Servicing Advance.

 

The costs of the insurance may be recovered by the master servicer or the trustee, as the case may be, from reimbursements received from the borrower or, if the borrower does not pay those amounts, as a Servicing Advance as set forth in the PSA. All costs and expenses incurred by the special servicer in maintaining the insurance described above on REO Properties will be paid out of the related REO Account or, if the amount in such account is insufficient, such costs and expenses will be advanced by the master servicer to the special servicer as a Servicing Advance to the extent that such Servicing Advance is not determined to be a Nonrecoverable Advance.

 

No pool insurance policy, special hazard insurance policy, bankruptcy bond, repurchase bond or certificate guarantee insurance will be maintained with respect to the Mortgage Loans, nor will any Mortgage Loan be subject to FHA insurance.

 

Modifications, Waivers and Amendments

 

The master servicer may amend any term (other than a Money Term) of a mortgage loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Companion Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan and may extend the maturity date of any Balloon Loan, other than a Specially Serviced Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, to a date not more than sixty (60) days beyond the original maturity date, if in the master servicer’s sole judgment exercised in good faith, a default in the payment of the Balloon Payment is reasonably foreseeable and such extension is reasonably likely to produce a greater recovery to the Certificateholders and the holder of the related Companion Loan, as applicable (as a collective whole), on a net present value basis than liquidation of such mortgage loan, and the borrower has obtained an executed written commitment (subject only to satisfaction of conditions set forth therein) for refinancing of the mortgage loan or purchase of the related mortgaged property. “Money Term” means, with respect to any mortgage loan or Serviced Companion Loan, the stated maturity date, mortgage rate, principal balance, amortization term or payment frequency or any provision of such mortgage loan or Serviced Companion Loan requiring the payment of a Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge (but does not include late fee or default interest provisions).

 

The master servicer’s power to amend a mortgage loan is subject to any restrictions applicable to REMICs, and to limitations imposed by the Pooling Agreement and any applicable Intercreditor Agreement or co-lender agreement (including the consent rights of the Directing Certificateholder prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, the consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder during the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event but prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the rights of the Operating Advisor during the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event or following the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event and the rights of the holder of any Companion Loan, as applicable).

 

Subject to any restrictions applicable to REMICs, the special servicer will be permitted to enter into a modification, waiver or amendment of the terms of any Specially Serviced Loan, including any modification, waiver or amendment to:

 

 

reduce the amounts owing under any Specially Serviced Loan by forgiving principal, accrued interest and/or any Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge;

 

 

reduce the amount of the scheduled payment on any Specially Serviced Loan, including by way of a reduction in the related mortgage rate;

 

 

forbear in the enforcement of any right granted under any mortgage note or mortgage relating to a Specially Serviced Loan;

 

 

extend the maturity date of any Specially Serviced Loan; and/or

 

 

accept a principal prepayment during any lockout period;

 

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provided in each case that (1) the related borrower is in default with respect to the Specially Serviced Loan or, in the reasonable judgment of the special servicer, such default is reasonably foreseeable, and (2) in the reasonable judgment of the special servicer, such modification, waiver or amendment would result in a recovery to Certificateholders and the holder of the related Serviced Companion Loan (as a collective whole) on a net present value basis that would be equal to or greater than the recovery that would result if the applicable Specially Serviced Loan were liquidated, as demonstrated in writing by the special servicer to the trustee and the certificate administrator; provided, that the foregoing rights of the special servicer are subject to the consent and/or consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder, the Operating Advisor and the holder of any related Serviced Companion Loan, as applicable, to the extent described in this prospectus.

 

In no event, however, will the special servicer be permitted to:

 

 

extend the maturity date of a Specially Serviced Loan beyond a date that is five (5) years prior to the Distribution Date in [MAXIMUM EXTENSION DATE]; or

 

 

if the Specially Serviced Loan is secured by a ground lease, extend the maturity date of such Specially Serviced Loan unless the special servicer gives due consideration to the remaining term of such ground lease.

 

The consent of the special servicer is required to any modification, waiver or amendment with regard to any mortgage loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan (other than certain non-material modifications, waivers or amendments). When the special servicer’s consent is required, the master servicer will be required to promptly provide the special servicer with written notice of any request for modification, waiver or amendment accompanied by the master servicer’s recommendation and analysis and any and all information in the master servicer’s possession that the special servicer may reasonably request to grant or withhold its consent to such action. Such consent will be deemed given fifteen (15) Business Days after receipt (unless earlier objected to) by the special servicer from the master servicer of the master servicer’s written analysis and recommendation with respect to such proposed action together with such other information reasonably required by the special servicer.

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans), the special servicer will be required, prior to consenting to such a proposed action of the master servicer, and prior to itself taking such an action, either to obtain the written consent of (if no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) or to consult with (if during the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event but prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event), the Directing Certificateholder. Any such consent (if consent is required) will be deemed given ten (10) Business Days after receipt (unless earlier objected to) by the Directing Certificateholder of the master servicer’s and/or special servicer’s written analysis and recommendation with respect to such waiver together with such other information reasonably required by the Directing Certificateholder. See “—The Directing Certificateholder” in this prospectus.

 

Modifications that forgive principal or interest of a mortgage loan will result in realized losses on such mortgage loan and such realized losses will be allocated among the various classes of Certificates in the manner described under “Description of the Certificates—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses” in this prospectus.

 

The modification of a mortgage loan may tend to reduce prepayments by avoiding liquidations and therefore may extend the weighted average life of the Certificates beyond that which might otherwise be the case. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations” in this prospectus.

 

Enforcement of “Due-on-Sale” and “Due-on-Encumbrance” Provisions

 

The special servicer will determine, in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard, whether (a) to exercise any right it may have with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan containing a “due-on-sale” clause (1) to

 

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accelerate the payments on that Mortgage Loan and any related Companion Loan, as applicable, or (2) to withhold its consent to any sale or transfer, consistent with the Servicing Standard or (b) to waive its right to exercise such rights; provided, however, (i) that with respect to such waiver of rights prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Control Termination Event, the special servicer has obtained the prior written consent (or deemed consent) of the Directing Certificateholder (or the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB Control Appraisal Period, as applicable) (or after the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, but prior to a Consultation Termination Event, upon consultation with the Directing Certificateholder) and (ii) with respect to any Mortgage Loan [that is [DESCRIBE CRITERIA FOR A RATING AGENCY [CONFIRMATION][COMMUNICATION] REQUIREMENT], [a Rating Agency Confirmation is received by the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, from each Rating Agency and a confirmation of any applicable rating agency that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any class of securities backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (if any)][a Rating Agency Communication is provided by the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, to each Rating Agency].

 

With respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan with a “due-on-encumbrance” clause, the special servicer will determine, in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard, whether (a) to exercise any right it may have with respect to a Mortgage Loan containing a “due-on-encumbrance” clause (1) to accelerate the payments thereon, or (2) to withhold its consent to the creation of any additional lien or other encumbrance, consistent with the Servicing Standard or (b) to waive its right to exercise such rights, provided, however, (i) that, with respect to such waiver of rights prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, the special servicer has obtained the consent of the Directing Certificateholder [(or, with respect to the AB Whole Loan prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB Control Appraisal Period, the prior consent of the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder, to the extent required by the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement)] (or after the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, but prior to a Consultation Termination Event, has consulted with the Directing Certificateholder) and (ii) the special servicer has received a Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency and a confirmation of any applicable rating agency that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any class of securities backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (if any) if such Mortgage Loan is [INSERT CRITERIA FOR RATING AGENCY [CONFIRMATION][COMMUNICATION] REQUIREMENT].

 

Any modification, extension, waiver or amendment of the payment terms of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be required to be structured so as to be consistent with the Servicing Standard and the allocation and payment priorities in the related loan documents and the related Intercreditor Agreement, such that neither the issuing entity as holder of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan nor any holder of the related Companion Loan gains a priority over the other holder that is not reflected in the related loan documents and the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Inspections; Collection of Operating Information

 

The master servicer will be required to perform (at its own expense) or cause to be performed (at its own expense), physical inspections of each Mortgaged Property relating to a Mortgage Loan (other than the Mortgaged Property securing the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, which is subject to inspection pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA, and other than a Specially Serviced Loan) with a Stated Principal Balance of (A) $[2,000,000] or more at least once every 12 months and (B) less than $[2,000,000] at least once every [24] months, in each case commencing in the calendar year 20[__] unless a physical inspection has been performed by the special servicer within the previous [12] months and the master servicer has no knowledge of a material change in the Mortgaged Property since such physical inspection; provided, further, however, that if any scheduled payment becomes more than [60] days delinquent on the related Mortgage Loan, the special servicer is required to inspect or cause to be inspected the related Mortgaged Property as soon as practicable after the Mortgage Loan becomes a Specially Serviced Loan and annually thereafter for so long as the Mortgage Loan remains a Specially Serviced Loan (the cost of which inspection, to the extent not paid by the related borrower, will be

 

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reimbursed first from default interest and late charges constituting additional compensation of the special servicer on the related Mortgage Loan (but with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, only amounts available for such purpose under the related Intercreditor Agreement) and then from the Collection Account as an expense of the issuing entity, and in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan, as an expense of the holders of the related Serviced Mortgage Loan and Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, pro rata and pari passu, to the extent provided in the related Intercreditor Agreement. With respect to an AB Whole Loan, the costs will be allocated, first, as an expense of the holder of the Subordinate Companion Loan, and second, as an expense of the holders of the related Mortgage Loan to the extent provided in the related Intercreditor Agreement. The special servicer or the master servicer, as applicable, will be required to prepare or cause to be prepared a written report of the inspection describing, among other things, the condition of and any damage to the Mortgaged Property to the extent evident from the inspection and specifying the existence of any vacancies in the Mortgaged Property of which it has knowledge and deems material, of any sale, transfer or abandonment of the Mortgaged Property of which it has knowledge or that is evident from the inspection, of any adverse change in the condition of the Mortgaged Property of which the preparer of such report has knowledge or that is evident from the inspection, and that the preparer of such report deems material, or of any material waste committed on the Mortgaged Property to the extent evident from the inspection.

 

Copies of the inspection reports referred to above that are delivered to the certificate administrator will be posted to the certificate administrator’s website for review by Privileged Persons pursuant to the PSA. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”.

 

Collection of Operating Information

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan that requires the borrower to deliver operating statements, the special servicer or the master servicer, as applicable, is also required to use reasonable efforts to collect and review the annual operating statements beginning with calendar year end 20[__] of the related Mortgaged Property. Most of the Mortgage Loan documents obligate the related borrower to deliver annual property operating statements. However, we cannot assure you that any operating statements required to be delivered will in fact be delivered, nor is the special servicer or the master servicer likely to have any practical means of compelling the delivery in the case of an otherwise performing Mortgage Loan.

 

Special Servicing Transfer Event

 

The Serviced Mortgage Loans, any related Companion Loans and any related REO Properties will be serviced by the special servicer under the PSA in the event that the servicing responsibilities of the master servicer are transferred to the special servicer as described below. Such Mortgage Loans and related Companion Loans (including those loans that have become REO Loans) serviced by the special servicer are referred to in this prospectus collectively as the “Specially Serviced Loans”. The master servicer will be required to transfer its servicing responsibilities to the special servicer with respect to any Mortgage Loan (including any related Companion Loan) for which the master servicer is responsible for servicing:

 

(1)       as to which a payment default has occurred at its original maturity date, or, if the original maturity date has been extended, at its extended maturity date, and in the case of a balloon payment, if the balloon payment is delinquent and the related borrower has not provided the master servicer (who will be required to promptly forward such written evidence to the special servicer) or special servicer, as of the related maturity date, written evidence from an institutional lender of such lender’s binding commitment to refinance such mortgage loan or a signed purchase and sale agreement with respect to a sale of the Mortgaged Property (in each case subject only to typical due diligence and closing conditions and, in the case of a purchase and sale agreement, such agreement will include delivery of an acceptable deposit by the purchaser) in a manner consistent with CMBS market practices and that is satisfactory in form and substance to the master servicer and the special servicer from an acceptable lender or purchaser reasonably satisfactory to the master servicer and

 

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the special servicer (and the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is required to promptly forward such commitment or other similar refinancing documentation to the other such party), which provides that such refinancing or sale will occur within 120 days of such related maturity date, provided that such Mortgage Loan and any related Companion Loan, as applicable, will become a Specially Serviced Loan immediately (i) if, in the judgment of the special servicer in accordance with the Servicing Standard, the related borrower fails to diligently pursue such refinancing or sale, or fails to satisfy any condition of such refinancing or sale or the related borrower fails to pay any Assumed Scheduled Payment on the related due date (subject to any applicable grace period) at any time before the refinancing or sale, (ii) if such refinancing or sale does not occur within 120 days of the related maturity date (or within such shorter period as the refinancing or sale is scheduled to occur pursuant to the related refinancing documentation or purchase agreement), or (iii) the related refinancing documentation or purchase agreement is terminated before the refinancing or sale is scheduled to occur;

 

(2)       as to which any Periodic Payment (other than a balloon payment) is more than 60 days delinquent (unless, prior to such Periodic Payment becoming more than 60 days delinquent, in the case of a Mortgage Loan with an associated mezzanine loan, the holder of the related Companion Loan or the holder of the related mezzanine debt, as applicable, cures such delinquency);

 

(3)       as to which (i) the borrower has entered into or consented to bankruptcy, appointment of a receiver or conservator or a similar insolvency proceeding, or (ii) the borrower has become the subject of a decree or order for that proceeding provided that, with respect to clause (ii), that if the appointment, decree or order was involuntary and is stayed or discharged, or the case dismissed within 60 days, that Mortgage Loan and any related Companion Loan will not be considered a Specially Serviced Loan during that period, or (iii) the borrower has admitted in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due;

 

(4)       as to which the master servicer or special servicer has received notice of the foreclosure or proposed foreclosure of any lien other than the Mortgage on the Mortgaged Property;

 

(5)       as to which, in the judgment of the master servicer or special servicer (and, in the case of the special servicer, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing (and subject to the DCH Limitations), with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder), as applicable, a payment default is imminent or reasonably foreseeable and is not likely to be cured by the borrower within 60 days;

 

(6)       as to which the master servicer or special servicer has notice of a default (other than a failure by the related borrower to pay principal or interest) and the master servicer or special servicer (and, in the case of the special servicer, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing (and subject to the DCH Limitations), with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder) determines, in its good faith reasonable judgment, may materially and adversely affect the interests of the Certificateholders (and, with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, the interest of the Certificateholders and the holders of the related Companion Loan, as a collective whole (taking into account the pari passu nature of any Pari Passu Companion Loan and the subordinate nature of any Subordinate Companion Loan, as applicable)), has occurred and remains unremedied for the applicable grace period specified in the Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan documents, other than in certain circumstances the failure to maintain terrorism insurance (or if no grace period is specified for events of default that are capable of cure, for 60 days); or

 

(7)       as to which the master servicer or special servicer (and, in the case of the special servicer, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing (and subject to the DCH Limitations), with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder)

 

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determines that (i) a default (other than as described in clause (5) above) under the Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan is imminent or reasonably foreseeable, (ii) such default will materially impair the value of the corresponding Mortgaged Property as security for the Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan or otherwise materially adversely affect the interests of Certificateholders (and, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the interest of the Certificateholders and the holders of the related Companion Loan as a collective whole (taking into account the pari passu nature of any Pari Passu Companion Loan and the subordinate nature of any Subordinate Companion Loan, as applicable)), and (iii) the default will continue unremedied for the applicable cure period under the terms of the Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan, or, if no cure period is specified and the default is capable of being cured, for 60 days (provided that such 60-day grace period does not apply to a default that gives rise to immediate acceleration without application of a grace period under the terms of the Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan); provided that any determination that a special servicing transfer event has occurred under this clause (7) with respect to any Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan solely by reason of the failure (or imminent failure) of the related borrower to maintain or cause to be maintained insurance coverage against damages or losses arising from acts of terrorism may only be made by the special servicer (with, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing (and subject to the DCH Limitations), the consent of the Directing Certificateholder) as described under “—Maintenance of Insurance” above.

 

However, the master servicer will be required to continue to (x) receive payments on the Mortgage Loans [(and any related Serviced Companion Loan)] (including amounts collected by the special servicer), (y) make certain calculations with respect to the Mortgage Loans [and any related Serviced Companion Loan] and (z) make remittances and prepare certain reports to the Certificateholders with respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan. Additionally, the master servicer will continue to receive the Servicing Fee in respect of the Mortgage Loans (and any related Serviced Companion Loan) at the Servicing Fee Rate.

 

If the related Mortgaged Property is acquired in respect of any Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Companion Loan) (upon acquisition, an “REO Property”) whether through foreclosure, deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, the special servicer will continue to be responsible for its operation and management. If any Serviced Companion Loan becomes specially serviced, then the related Mortgage Loan will also become a Specially Serviced Loan. If any Mortgage Loan becomes a Specially Serviced Loan, then the related Serviced Companion Loan will also become a Specially Serviced Loan. The master servicer will have no responsibility for the performance by the special servicer of its duties under the PSA. Any Mortgage Loan (excluding the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), that is or becomes a cross-collateralized Mortgage Loan and is cross-collateralized with a Specially Serviced Loan will become a Specially Serviced Loan.

 

If any Specially Serviced Loan, in accordance with its original terms or as modified in accordance with the PSA, becomes performing for at least three consecutive Periodic Payments (provided that no additional event of default is foreseeable in the reasonable judgment of the special servicer and no other event or circumstance exists that causes such Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan to otherwise constitute a Specially Serviced Loan), the special servicer will be required to transfer servicing of such Specially Serviced Loan (a “Corrected Loan”) to the master servicer.

 

Asset Status Report

 

The special servicer will be required to prepare a report (an “Asset Status Report”) for each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and, if applicable, any Serviced Whole Loan that becomes a Specially Serviced Loan not later than [60] days after the servicing of such Mortgage Loan is transferred to the special servicer. Each Asset Status Report will be required to be delivered in electronic form to:

 

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the Directing Certificateholder (but only prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event and, in the case of an AB Whole Loan, only prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event and during an AB Control Appraisal Period with respect to the related Subordinate Companion Loan);

 

 

with respect to an AB Whole Loan, to the extent the related Subordinate Companion Loan is not subject to an AB Control Appraisal Period, the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder or the holder of the related Subordinate Companion Loan;

 

 

with respect to any related Serviced Companion Loan, to the extent the related Serviced Companion Loan has been included in a securitization transaction, to the master servicer of such securitization into which the related Serviced Companion Loan has been sold or to the holder of the related Serviced Companion Loan;

 

 

the operating advisor (but only after the occurrence and during the continuance of a [Control Termination Event][INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT DO NOT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST]) [an Operating Advisor Consultation Event][INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A horizontal residual interest]);

 

 

the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the trustee; and

 

 

the 17g-5 Information Provider, which will be required to post such report to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website.

 

An Asset Status Report prepared for each Specially Serviced Loan will be required to include, among other things, the following information:

 

 

summary of the status of such Specially Serviced Loan and any negotiations with the related borrower;

 

 

a discussion of the legal and environmental considerations reasonably known to the special servicer, consistent with the Servicing Standard, that are applicable to the exercise of remedies and to the enforcement of any related guaranties or other collateral for the related Specially Serviced Loan and whether outside legal counsel has been retained;

 

 

the most current rent roll and income or operating statement available for the related Mortgaged Property;

 

 

(A) the special servicer’s recommendations on how such Specially Serviced Loan might be returned to performing status (including the modification of a monetary term, and any workout, restructure or debt forgiveness) and returned to the master servicer for regular servicing or foreclosed or otherwise realized upon (including any proposed sale of a Defaulted Loan or REO Property), (B) a description of any such proposed or taken actions, and (C) the alternative courses of action that were or are being considered by the special servicer in connection with the proposed or taken actions;

 

 

the status of any foreclosure actions or other proceedings undertaken with respect to the Specially Serviced Loan, any proposed workouts and the status of any negotiations with respect to such workouts, and an assessment of the likelihood of additional defaults under the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan;

 

 

a description of any amendment, modification or waiver of a material term of any ground lease (or any space lease or air rights lease, if applicable) or franchise agreement;

 

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the decision that the special servicer made, or intends or proposes to make, including a narrative analysis setting forth the special servicer’s rationale for its proposed decision, including its rejection of the alternatives;

 

 

an analysis of whether or not taking such proposed action is reasonably likely to produce a greater recovery on a present value basis than not taking such action, setting forth (x) the basis on which the special servicer made such determination and (y) the net present value calculation and all related assumptions;

 

 

the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property (and a copy of the last obtained appraisal of such Mortgaged Property) together with a description of any adjustments to the valuation of such Mortgaged Property made by the special servicer together with an explanation of those adjustments; and

 

 

such other information as the special servicer deems relevant in light of the Servicing Standard.

 

If no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder (subject to the DCH Limitations) will have the right to disapprove the Asset Status Report prepared by the special servicer with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan within 10 business days after receipt of the Asset Status Report. If the Directing Certificateholder does not disapprove an Asset Status Report within 10 business days or if the special servicer makes a determination, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that the disapproval by the Directing Certificateholder (communicated to the special servicer within ten business days) is not in the best interest of all the Certificateholders, the special servicer will be required to implement the recommended action as outlined in the Asset Status Report. If the Directing Certificateholder disapproves the Asset Status Report within the 10 business day period and the special servicer has not made the affirmative determination described above, the special servicer will be required to revise the Asset Status Report as soon as practicable thereafter, but in no event later than 30 days after the disapproval. The special servicer will be required to continue to revise the Asset Status Report until the Directing Certificateholder fails to disapprove the revised Asset Status Report or until the special servicer makes a determination, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that the disapproval is not in the best interests of the Certificateholders; provided that, if the Directing Certificateholder has not approved the Asset Status Report for a period of 60 business days following the first submission of an Asset Status Report, the special servicer may act upon the most recently submitted form of Asset Status Report, if consistent with the Servicing Standard. The process described in this paragraph are collectively referred to as the “Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process“.

 

A “Final Asset Status Report” means with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan, the initial Asset Status Report (together with such other data or supporting information provided by the special servicer to the Directing Certificateholder that does not include any communication (other than the related Asset Status Report) between the special servicer and the Directing Certificateholder with respect to such Specially Serviced Loan) required to be delivered by the special servicer by the Initial Delivery Date and any Subsequent Asset Status Report that is labeled or otherwise communicated as being final, in each case, in the form fully approved or deemed approved, if applicable, by the Directing Certificateholder pursuant to the Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process or following completion of the ASR Consultation Process, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt, the special servicer may issue more than one Final Asset Status Report with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan in accordance with the procedures described above.

 

 If [a Control Termination Event [(or, with respect to the AB Whole Loan, if both a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and an AB Control Appraisal Period is in effect)]] [INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT DO NOT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST] [an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred and is continuing] [INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST], the special servicer will be required to promptly deliver each Asset Status Report prepared in connection with a Specially Serviced Loan to

 

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the operating advisor (and so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and subject to the DCH Limitations, the Directing Certificateholder). The operating advisor will be required to provide comments to the special servicer in respect of the Asset Status Report, if any, within ten (10) business days following the later of (i) receipt of such Asset Status Report or (ii) such related additional information reasonably requested by the operating advisor, and propose possible alternative courses of action to the extent it determines such alternatives to be in the best interest of the Certificateholders (including any Certificateholders that are holders of the Control Eligible Certificates), as a collective whole. The special servicer will be obligated to consider such alternative courses of action and any other feedback provided by the operating advisor (and so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder) in connection with the special servicer’s preparation of any Asset Status Report. The special servicer will revise the Asset Status Report as it deems necessary to take into account any input and/or comments from the operating advisor (and so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder), to the extent the special servicer determines that the operating advisor’s and/or Directing Certificateholder’s input and/or recommendations are consistent with the Servicing Standard and in the best interest of the Certificateholders as a collective whole (or, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the best interest of the Certificateholders and the holders of the related Companion Loan, as a collective whole (taking into account the pari passu or subordinate nature of such Companion Loan)). The procedures described in this paragraph are collectively referred to as the “ASR Consultation Process“. [If an Operating Advisor Consultation Event (based solely on clause (i) of the definition thereof) exists, but a Control Termination Event does not exist, then the Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process and the ASR Consultation Process will both be in effect. For additional information, see “—The Operating Advisor—Additional Duties of the Operating Advisor While an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has Occurred and is Continuing”.] [INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A horizontal residual interest]

 

The special servicer will not be required to take or to refrain from taking any action because of an objection or comment by the operating advisor or a recommendation of the operating advisor.

 

After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event but prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder, and [after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event,][INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST] the operating advisor, will be entitled to consult with the special servicer and propose alternative courses of action and provide other feedback in respect of any Asset Status Report. After the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder will have no right to consult with the special servicer with respect to Asset Status Reports and the special servicer will only be obligated to consult with the operating advisor with respect to any Asset Status Report as described above. The special servicer may choose to revise the Asset Status Report as it deems reasonably necessary in accordance with the Servicing Standard to take into account any input and/or recommendations of the operating advisor or the Directing Certificateholder during the applicable periods described above, but is under no obligation to follow any particular recommendation of the operating advisor or the Directing Certificateholder.

 

[Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to a Subordinate Companion Loan and prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB Control Appraisal Period, the special servicer will prepare an Asset Status Report for an AB Whole Loan within [60] days after it becomes a Specially Serviced Loan in accordance with the terms of the PSA and any applicable provisions of the related Intercreditor Agreement and the Directing Certificateholder will have no approval rights over any such Asset Status Report. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole LoansThe Serviced AB Whole Loan”.]

 

[With respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder will have approval and consultation rights with respect to any asset status report prepared by the Non-Serviced Special Servicer with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan under the Non-Serviced PSA that are substantially similar to the approval and consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder

 

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with respect to the Mortgage Loans and the Serviced Whole Loans. See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.]

 

Realization Upon Mortgage Loans

 

If a payment default or material non-monetary default on a Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) has occurred, then, pursuant to the PSA, the special servicer, on behalf of the trustee, may, in accordance with the terms and provisions of the PSA, at any time institute foreclosure proceedings, exercise any power of sale contained in the related Mortgage, obtain a deed in lieu of foreclosure, or otherwise acquire title to the related Mortgaged Property, by operation of law or otherwise. The special servicer is not permitted, however, to cause the trustee to acquire title to any Mortgaged Property, have a receiver of rents appointed with respect to any Mortgaged Property or take any other action with respect to any Mortgaged Property that would cause the trustee, for the benefit of the Certificateholders, or any other specified person to be considered to hold title to, to be a “mortgagee-in-possession” of, or to be an “owner” or an “operator” of such Mortgaged Property within the meaning of certain federal environmental laws, unless the special servicer has determined in accordance with the Servicing Standard, based on an updated environmental assessment report prepared by a person who regularly conducts environmental audits and performed within six months prior to any such acquisition of title or other action (which report will be an expense of the issuing entity subject to the terms of the PSA) that:

 

(a) such Mortgaged Property is in compliance with applicable environmental laws or, if not, after consultation with an environmental consultant, that it would be in the best economic interest of the Certificateholders (and with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, the Serviced Companion Loan Holders), as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, Serviced Companion Loan Holders constituted a single lender, to take such actions as are necessary to bring such Mortgaged Property in compliance with such laws, and

 

(b) there are no circumstances present at such Mortgaged Property relating to the use, management or disposal of any hazardous materials for which investigation, testing, monitoring, containment, clean-up or remediation could be required under any currently effective federal, state or local law or regulation, or that, if any such hazardous materials are present for which such action could be required, after consultation with an environmental consultant, it would be in the best economic interest of the Certificateholders (and with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, the Serviced Companion Loan Holders), as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, Serviced Companion Loan Holders constituted a single lender, to take such actions with respect to the affected Mortgaged Property.

 

Such requirement precludes enforcement of the security for the related Mortgage Loan until a satisfactory environmental site assessment is obtained (or until any required remedial action is taken), but will decrease the likelihood that the issuing entity will become liable for a material adverse environmental condition at the Mortgaged Property. However, we cannot assure you that the requirements of the PSA will effectively insulate the issuing entity from potential liability for a materially adverse environmental condition at any Mortgaged Property.

 

If title to any Mortgaged Property is acquired by the issuing entity (directly or through a single member limited liability company established for that purpose), the special servicer will be required to sell the Mortgaged Property prior to the close of the third calendar year beginning after the year of acquisition, unless (1) the IRS grants (or does not deny) an extension of time to sell the property or (2) the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the trustee receive an opinion of independent counsel to the effect that the holding of the property by the related Lower-Tier REMIC longer than the above-referenced three year period will not result in the imposition of a tax on any Trust REMIC or cause any Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC under the Code at any time that any certificate is outstanding. Subject to the foregoing and any other tax-related limitations, pursuant to the PSA, the special servicer will generally be required to attempt to sell any Mortgaged Property so acquired in accordance with the Servicing Standard. The special servicer will also be required to ensure that any Mortgaged Property acquired by

 

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the issuing entity is administered so that it constitutes “foreclosure property” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(8) at all times, and that the sale of the property does not result in the receipt by the issuing entity of any income from nonpermitted assets as described in Code Section 860F(a)(2)(B). If any Lower-Tier REMIC acquires title to any Mortgaged Property, the special servicer, on behalf of such Lower-Tier REMIC, will retain, at the expense of the issuing entity, an independent contractor to manage and operate the property. The independent contractor generally will be permitted to perform construction (including renovation) on a foreclosed property only if the construction was more than 10% completed at the time default on the related Mortgage Loan became imminent. The retention of an independent contractor, however, will not relieve the special servicer of its obligation to manage the Mortgaged Property as required under the PSA.

 

In general, the special servicer will be obligated to cause any Mortgaged Property acquired as an REO Property to be operated and managed in a manner that would, in its good faith and reasonable judgment and to the extent commercially feasible, maximize the issuing entity’s net after-tax proceeds from such property. Generally, no Trust REMIC will be taxable on income received with respect to a Mortgaged Property acquired by the issuing entity to the extent that it constitutes “rents from real property”, within the meaning of Code Section 856(c)(3)(A) and Treasury regulations under the Code. Rents from real property include fixed rents and rents based on the gross receipts or sales of a tenant but do not include the portion of any rental based on the net income or profit of any tenant or sub-tenant. No determination has been made whether rent on any of the Mortgaged Properties meets this requirement. Rents from real property include charges for services customarily furnished or rendered in connection with the rental of real property, whether or not the charges are separately stated. Services furnished to the tenants of a particular building will be considered as customary if, in the geographic market in which the building is located, tenants in buildings which are of similar class are customarily provided with the service. No determination has been made whether the services furnished to the tenants of the Mortgaged Properties are “customary” within the meaning of applicable regulations. It is therefore possible that a portion of the rental income with respect to a Mortgaged Property owned by the issuing entity would not constitute rents from real property, or that none of such income would qualify if a separate charge is not stated for such non-customary services or they are not performed by an independent contractor. Rents from real property also do not include income from the operation of a trade or business on the Mortgaged Property, such as a hotel property, or rental income attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property if the rent attributable to personal property exceeds 15% of the total net rent for the taxable year. Any of the foregoing types of income may instead constitute “net income from foreclosure property”, which would be taxable to the related Lower-Tier REMIC at the federal corporate rate and may also be subject to state or local taxes. The PSA provides that the special servicer will be permitted to cause the related Lower-Tier REMIC to earn “net income from foreclosure property” that is subject to tax if it determines that the net after-tax benefit to Certificateholders and any related Companion Holders, as a collective whole, could reasonably be expected to be greater than another method of operating or net leasing the Mortgaged Property. These taxes would be chargeable against the related income for purposes of determining the proceeds available for distribution to holders of certificates. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC—Prohibited Transactions”.

 

Under the PSA, the special servicer is required to establish and maintain one or more REO Accounts, to be held on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders and with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the Serviced Companion Loan Holder, for the retention of revenues and insurance proceeds derived from each REO Property. The special servicer is required to use the funds in the REO Account to pay for the proper operation, management, maintenance and disposition of any REO Property, but only to the extent of amounts on deposit in the REO Account relate to such REO Property. To the extent that amounts in the REO Account in respect of any REO Property are insufficient to make such payments, the master servicer is required to make a Servicing Advance, unless it determines such Servicing Advance would be nonrecoverable. On the later of the date that is (x) on or prior to each Determination Date or (y) two (2) business days after such amounts are received and properly identified and determined to be available, the special servicer is required to deposit all amounts received in respect of each REO Property during such Collection Period, net of any amounts withdrawn to make any permitted disbursements, to

 

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the Collection Account; provided, that the special servicer may retain in the REO Account permitted reserves.

 

Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties

 

If the special servicer determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that it would be in the best economic interests of the Certificateholders or, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan, Certificateholders and any holder of the related Serviced Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Serviced Companion Loan Holder constituted a single lender) to attempt to sell a Defaulted Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan as described below, the special servicer will be required to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers for each Defaulted Loan on behalf of the Certificateholders and the holder of any related Serviced Companion Loan in such manner as will be reasonably likely to realize a fair price. [In the case of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, under certain limited circumstances permitted under the related Intercreditor Agreement, to the extent that such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is not sold together with the Non-Serviced Companion Loan by the special servicer for the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the special servicer will be entitled to sell (with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder if no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, and subject to the DCH Limitations) such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan if it determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that such action would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders.] The special servicer is required to accept the first cash offer received from any person that constitutes a fair price for the Defaulted Loan. If multiple offers are received during the period designated by the special servicer for receipt of offers, the special servicer is required to select the highest offer. The special servicer is required to give the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the operating advisor and the Directing Certificateholder (subject to the DCH Limitations) [and the Risk Retention Consultation Party] 10 business days’ prior written notice of its intention to sell any such Defaulted Loan. Neither the trustee nor any of its affiliates may make an offer for or purchase any Defaulted Loan. [“Defaulted Loan” means a Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan (A) (i) that is delinquent at least 60 days in respect of its Periodic Payments or delinquent in respect of its balloon payment, if any, in either case such delinquency to be determined without giving effect to any grace period permitted by the related Mortgage or Mortgage Note and without regard to any acceleration of payments under the related Mortgage and Mortgage Note or (ii) as to which the master servicer or special servicer has, by written notice to the related borrower, accelerated the maturity of the indebtedness evidenced by the related Mortgage Note.]

 

The special servicer will be required to determine whether any cash offer constitutes a fair price for any Defaulted Loan if the highest offeror is a person other than an Interested Person. In determining whether any offer from a person other than an Interested Person constitutes a fair price for any Defaulted Loan, the special servicer will be required to take into account (in addition to the results of any appraisal, updated appraisal or narrative appraisal that it may have obtained pursuant to the PSA within the prior 9 months), among other factors, the period and amount of the occupancy level and physical condition of the related Mortgaged Property and the state of the local economy.

 

If the highest offeror is an Interested Person (provided that the trustee may not be a offeror), then the trustee will be required to determine whether the cash offer constitutes a fair price [unless (i) the offer is equal to or greater than the applicable Purchase Price, (ii) the offer is the highest offer received and (iii) at least two other offers are received from independent third parties; provided, however, that no offer from an Interested Person will constitute a fair price unless (A) it is the highest offer received and (B) at least two other offers are received from independent third parties]. In determining whether any offer received from an Interested Person represents a fair price for any such Defaulted Loan, the trustee will be supplied with and will be required to rely on the most recent appraisal or updated appraisal conducted in accordance with the PSA within the preceding 9-month period or, in the absence of any such appraisal, on a new appraisal. Except as provided in the following paragraph, the cost of any appraisal will be covered by, and will be reimbursable as, a Servicing Advance.

 

Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding paragraph to the contrary, if the trustee is required to determine whether a cash offer by an Interested Person constitutes a fair price, the trustee

 

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may (at its option and at the expense of the Interested Person) designate an independent third party expert in real estate or commercial mortgage loan matters with at least 5 years’ experience in valuing or investing in loans similar to the subject Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, as the case may be, that has been selected with reasonable care by the trustee to determine if such cash offer constitutes a fair price for such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan. If the trustee designates such a third party to make such determination, the trustee will be entitled to rely conclusively upon such third party’s determination. The reasonable costs of all appraisals, inspection reports and broker opinions of value incurred by any such third party pursuant to this paragraph will be covered by, and will be reimbursable by the Interested Person; provided that the trustee will not engage a third party expert whose fees exceed a commercially reasonable amount as determined by the trustee.

 

The special servicer is required to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers for each REO Property on behalf of the Certificateholders and the related Companion Loan Holder(s) (if applicable) and to sell each REO Property in the same manner as with respect to a Defaulted Loan.

 

Notwithstanding any of the foregoing paragraphs, the special servicer will not be required to accept the highest cash offer for a Defaulted Loan or REO Property if the special servicer determines (in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (unless a Consultation Termination Event exists and subject to the DCH Limitations) and, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan or an REO Property related to a Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Loan Holder(s)), in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that rejection of such offer would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders and, in the case of a sale of a Serviced Whole Loan or an REO Property related to a Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Loan Holder(s) (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, the related Companion Loan Holder(s) constituted a single lender (and with respect to any AB Whole Loan, taking into account the subordinate nature of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan)), and the special servicer may accept a lower offer (from any person other than itself or an affiliate) if it determines, in its reasonable and good faith judgment, that acceptance of such offer would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders and, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan or an REO Property related to a Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Loan Holder(s) (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, the related Companion Loan Holder(s) constituted a single lender and with respect to any AB Whole Loan, taking into account the subordinate nature of the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan)).

 

An “Interested Person” is the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the Directing Certificateholder, any sponsor, any borrower, any holder of a related mezzanine loan, any manager of a Mortgaged Property, any independent contractor engaged by the special servicer or any known affiliate of any of the preceding entities, and, with respect to a Whole Loan if it is a Defaulted Loan, the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer (or any independent contractor engaged by such special servicer), or the trustee for the securitization of a Companion Loan, and each related Companion Loan Holder or its representative, any holder of a related mezzanine loan, or any known affiliate of any such party described above.

 

With respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, pursuant to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement(s), if such Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Defaulted Loan, and if the special servicer determines to sell the related Mortgage Loan in accordance with the discussion in this “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties” section, then the special servicer will be required to sell the related Pari Passu Companion Loan together with such Mortgage Loan as one whole loan. The special servicer will not be permitted to sell the related Mortgage Loan together with the related Pari Passu Companion Loan if such Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Defaulted Loan without the consent of the holder of the related Pari Passu Companion Loan, unless the special servicer complies with certain notice and delivery requirements set forth in the PSA. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

[In connection with any such sale involving an AB Whole Loan, the special servicer will also have the right, but not the obligation, to sell the related Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, provided that such sale will require the consent of the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder. A related Companion Loan

 

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Holder (or its representative) or a holder of any mezzanine debt relating to a Defaulted Loan will be permitted to submit an offer at any sale of such Defaulted Loan or related REO Property or may have the option to purchase such Defaulted Loan or related REO Property, as applicable, under the related Intercreditor Agreement (and such purchase price is subject to the terms of such Intercreditor Agreement).] See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness—Mezzanine Indebtedness” and “—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

In addition, with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, if such Mortgage Loan has become a defaulted Mortgage Loan under the related Non-Serviced PSA, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer will generally have the right to sell such Mortgage Loan together with the related Companion Loan as notes evidencing one whole loan. [The issuing entity, as the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, will have the right to consent to such sale if the required notices and information regarding such sale are not provided to the special servicer in accordance with the related Intercreditor Agreement. The Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to exercise such consent right so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is continuing, and if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the special servicer will exercise such consent rights.] See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan”.

 

To the extent that Liquidation Proceeds collected with respect to any Mortgage Loan are less than the sum of (1) the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, (2) interest accrued on the Mortgage Loan and (3) the aggregate amount of outstanding reimbursable expenses (including any (i) unpaid servicing compensation, (ii) unreimbursed Servicing Advances, (iii) accrued and unpaid interest on all Advances and (iv) additional expenses of the issuing entity) incurred with respect to the Mortgage Loan, the issuing entity will realize a loss in the amount of the shortfall. The trustee, the master servicer and/or the special servicer will be entitled to reimbursement out of the Liquidation Proceeds recovered on any Mortgage Loan, prior to the distribution of those Liquidation Proceeds to Certificateholders, of any and all amounts that represent unpaid servicing compensation in respect of the related Mortgage Loan, certain unreimbursed expenses incurred with respect to the Mortgage Loan and any unreimbursed Advances (including interest on Advances) made with respect to the Mortgage Loan. In addition, amounts otherwise distributable on the certificates will be further reduced by interest payable to the master servicer, the special servicer or trustee on these Advances.

 

The Directing Certificateholder

 

General

 

Subject to the DCH Limitations and the rights of the holder of the related Companion Loan and the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder under the related Intercreditor Agreement as described under “—Rights of Holders of Companion Loans and Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder” below, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to advise (1) the special servicer, with respect to all Specially Serviced Loans or (2) the special servicer, with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans, as to all matters for which the master servicer must obtain the consent or deemed consent of the special servicer (e.g., the Major Decisions) and will have the right to replace the special servicer with or without cause and have certain other rights under the PSA, each as described below. Upon the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder will have certain consultation rights only, and upon the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholders will not have any consent or consultation rights, as further described below.

 

The “Directing Certificateholder” is the representative appointed by more than [__]% of the Holders of the Controlling Class, by Certificate Principal Balance, as determined by the certificate registrar from time to time; provided, that (1) absent that selection, or (2) until a Directing Certificateholder is so selected or (3) upon receipt of a notice from a majority of the Holders of the Controlling Class, by Certificate Principal Balance, that a Directing Certificateholder is no longer designated, the Holder of the Controlling Class that owns the largest aggregate Certificate Principal Balance of the Controlling Class will be the Directing Certificateholder; provided, further, that if such Holder elects or has elected to not be the Directing

 

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Certificateholder, the Holder of the next largest aggregate Certificate Principal Balance will be the Directing Certificateholder. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, neither the depositor nor any affiliate thereof may serve as Directing Certificateholder, and solely for purposes of determining the identity of or selecting the Directing Certificateholder as described above, any Control Eligible Certificates held by the depositor or any affiliate thereof will be deemed not to be outstanding.

 

The “Controlling Class” means, as of any time of determination, the most subordinate class of Control Eligible Certificates then outstanding that has an aggregate Certificate Principal Balance (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reductions to notionally reduce the aggregate Certificate Principal Balance of such class) at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Principal Balance of such class; provided that if no class of Control Eligible Certificates has an aggregate Certificate Principal Balance (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reductions to notionally reduce the aggregate Certificate Principal Balance of such class) at least equal to 25% of the initial aggregate Certificate Principal Balance of such class, then the Controlling Class shall be the most senior class of Control Eligible Certificates. The Controlling Class as of the Closing Date will be the Class [__] Certificates. In no event will any class of Certificates that does not constitute a Control Eligible Class as of the Closing Date be entitled to constitute a Controlling Class or appoint a Directing Certificateholder.

 

The initial Directing Certificateholder is expected to be [NAME OF DIRECTING CERTIFICATEHOLDER] or another affiliate of [NAME OF B-PIECE BUYER].

 

A “Controlling Class Certificateholder” is each holder (or Certificate Owner, if applicable) of a certificate of the Controlling Class as determined by the certificate registrar from time to time, upon request by any party to the PSA.

 

The “Controlling Class” will be, as of any time of determination, the most subordinate class of Control Eligible Certificates then-outstanding that has an aggregate Certificate Balance (as notionally reduced by any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocable to such class) at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that class. The Controlling Class as of the Closing Date will be [THE MOST SUBORDINATE CLASS AMONG CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES].

 

The “Control Eligible Certificates” will be any of the [SPECIFY SUBORDINATE CLASSES].

 

The master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the certificate administrator, the trustee or any certificateholder may request that the certificate registrar determine which class of certificates is the then-current Controlling Class and the certificate registrar must thereafter provide such information to the requesting party. The depositor, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and, for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder, may request that the certificate administrator provide, and the certificate administrator must so provide, a list of the holders (or Certificate Owners, if applicable) of the Controlling Class. The trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer and the operating advisor may each rely on any such list so provided.

 

In the event that no Directing Certificateholder has been appointed or identified to the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, and the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, has attempted to obtain such information from the certificate administrator and no such entity has been identified to the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, then until such time as the new Directing Certificateholder is identified, the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, shall have no duty to consult with, provide notice to, or seek the approval or consent of any such Directing Certificateholder as the case may be.

 

[THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG CONTROL ELIGIBLE CLASS CERTIFICATES] certificateholders that are the Controlling Class Certificateholders may waive its rights as the Controlling Class Certificateholders as described “—Control Termination Event and Consultation Termination Event” below.

 

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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Directing Certificateholder will not have the appointment, termination, consent, consultation or notice rights described herein with respect to (x) a Serviced Mortgage Loan that is an Excluded DCH Loan, (y) a Servicing Shift Mortgage Loan (provided, that prior to a Control Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to exercise all rights and receive all notices provided to the “Non-Controlling Note Holder” under the related Intercreditor Agreement) or (z) a Serviced A/B Whole Loan (prior to the occurrence of a Control Appraisal Event with respect thereto (unless otherwise provided in the related intercreditor agreement)) (collectively, the “DCH Limitations”).

 

Major Decisions

 

Except as otherwise described under ““—Control Termination Event and Consultation Termination Event—Servicing Override” below and subject to the rights of the holder of the related Companion Loan (or in the case of an AB Whole Loan, the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder) under the related Intercreditor Agreement as described under “—Rights of Holders of Companion Loans and Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder” below, (a) the master servicer will not be permitted to take any of the following actions unless it has obtained the consent of the special servicer and (b) prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and subject to the DCH Limitations, the special servicer will not be permitted to take any of the following actions and the special servicer will not be permitted to consent to the master servicer’s taking any of the following actions, as to which the Directing Certificateholder has objected in writing within ten business days (or [thirty (30)] days with respect to clause (x) below) after receipt of a written report by special servicer describing in reasonable detail (i) the background and circumstances requiring action of the special servicer, (ii) the proposed course of action recommended and (iii)all information reasonably requested by the Directing Certificateholder and in the special servicer’s possession in order to grant or withhold such consent, which report may (in the sole discretion of the special servicer) take the form of an Asset Status Report (the “Major Decision Reporting Package”) (provided that if such written objection has not been received by the special servicer within such ten-business-day (or [30]-day) period, the Directing Certificateholder will be deemed to have approved such action).

 

Each of the following, a “Major Decision”:

 

(i)        any proposed or actual foreclosure upon or comparable conversion (which may include acquisition of an REO Property) of the ownership of properties securing such of the mortgage loans as come into and continue in default;

 

(ii)       any modification, consent to a modification or waiver of any monetary term (other than late fees and default interest but including, without limitation, the timing of payments and the acceptance of discounted payoffs) or material non-monetary term of a mortgage loan or any extension of the maturity date of such mortgage loan;

 

(iii)       following a default or an event of default with respect to a mortgage loan, any exercise of remedies, including any acceleration of the mortgage loan or initiation of judicial, bankruptcy or similar proceedings under the related loan documents;

 

(iv)       any sale of a defaulted mortgage loan or REO Property for less than the applicable Purchase Price;

 

(v)        any determination to bring a mortgaged property or an REO Property into compliance with applicable environmental laws or to otherwise address hazardous material located at a mortgaged property or an REO Property;

 

(vi)       any release of collateral or any acceptance of substitute or additional collateral for a mortgage loan or any consent to either of the foregoing, unless required or permitted pursuant to the specific terms of the related mortgage loan and for which there is no material lender discretion;

 

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(vii)      any waiver of a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause with respect to a mortgage loan or, if lender consent is required, any consent to such a waiver or consent to a transfer of the mortgaged property or interests in the borrower, other than any such transfer or incurrence of debt as may be effected without the consent of the lender under the related mortgage loan documents;

 

(viii)     any incurrence of additional debt by a borrower or of any mezzanine financing by any beneficial owner of a borrower (to the extent that the lender has consent rights pursuant to the related mortgage loan documents (for purposes of the determination whether a lender has such consent rights pursuant to the related mortgage loan documents, any mortgage loan document provision that requires that an Intercreditor Agreement be reasonably or otherwise acceptable to the lender will constitute such consent rights));

 

(ix)       any material modification, waiver or amendment of an Intercreditor Agreement, co-lender agreement, participation agreement or similar agreement with any mezzanine lender or subordinate debt holder related to a mortgage loan, or an action to enforce rights with respect thereto or decision not to enforce such rights;

 

(x)        any franchise changes (with respect to a mortgage loan for which the lender is required to consent or approve under the mortgage loan documents), or, with respect to a mortgage loan with an unpaid principal balance greater than $2,500,000, any material property management company changes, including, without limitation, approval of the termination of a manager and appointment of a new property manager;

 

(xi)       releases of any escrow accounts, reserve accounts or letters of credit held as performance escrows or reserves, other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related mortgage loan and for which there is no material lender discretion;

 

(xii)      any requests for the funding or disbursement of “performance,” “earn-out,” holdback or similar escrows and reserves (including those evidenced by letters of credit) for any mortgage loan whose escrows and reserves (i) exceed, at the related origination date, in the aggregate, 10% of the initial principal balance of such mortgage loan (regardless of whether such funding or disbursement may be characterized as routine and/or customary and regardless of whether such mortgage loan has a primary servicer other than the master servicer) or (ii) are not routine and/or customary escrow and reserve fundings or disbursements;

 

(xiii)     any acceptance of an assumption agreement or any other agreement permitting a transfer of interests in a borrower, guarantor or other obligor, or releasing a borrower, guarantor or other obligor from liability under a mortgage loan other than pursuant to the specific terms of such mortgage loan and for which there is no lender discretion;

 

(xiv)     any determination of an Acceptable Insurance Default;

 

(xv)      the modification, waiver, amendment, execution, termination or renewal of any lease, to the extent lender approval is required under the related loan documents (including entering into any related subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreement) and if such lease (a) involves a ground lease or lease of an outparcel or affects an area greater than or equal to the greater of (i) 10% of leasable space or (ii) 20,000 square feet, (b) is for over 50,000 square feet, or (c) otherwise constitutes a “major lease” or “material lease,” if applicable, under the related loan documents, subject to any deemed approval expressly set forth in the related lease;

 

(xvi)     any adoption or implementation of a budget submitted by a borrower with respect to a mortgage loan (to the extent lender approval is required under the related mortgage loan documents), if (i) the mortgage loan for the related mortgaged property is on the CREFC® servicer “watch list” or (ii) such budget includes material (more than 25%) increases in operating expenses or payments to entities actually known by the master servicer to be affiliates of the related borrower (excluding affiliated managers paid at fee rates agreed to at the origination of

 

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the related mortgage loan), subject in each case to any deemed approval expressly set forth in the related mortgage loan documents;

 

(xvii)     the voting on any plan of reorganization, restructuring or similar plan in the bankruptcy of a borrower; and

 

(xviii)    the exercise of the rights and powers granted under the related Intercreditor Agreement or mezzanine loan intercreditor agreement to the “Note A Holder,” the “Note A Controlling Holder,” the “Senior Lender,” the “Senior Loan Controlling Holder” or such other similar term as may be set forth in any such Intercreditor Agreement or mezzanine loan intercreditor agreement, as applicable, and/or the “Servicer” referred to therein, if and to the extent such rights or powers affect the priority, payments, consent rights or security interest with respect to the “Note A Holder,” the “Note A Controlling Holder,” the “Senior Lender,” the “Senior Loan Controlling Holder” or such other similar term;

 

provided, that references to a “mortgage loan” in this definition exclude any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan but will include (and apply equally to) any related serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan; provided, further, that if the special servicer or master servicer (if the master servicer is otherwise authorized by the PSA to take such action), as applicable, determines that immediate action, with respect to a Major Decision or any other matter requiring consent of the Directing Certificateholder, is necessary to protect the interests of the Certificateholders and, with respect to any Serviced AB Whole Loan or other Serviced Whole Loan, the holder of the related Serviced Companion Loan, the special servicer or master servicer, as applicable, may take any such action without waiting for such response.

 

Asset Status Report

 

Subject to the DCH Limitations, so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will have the right to disapprove the Asset Status Report prepared by the special servicer with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan. If a Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder will have no right to consult with the special servicer with respect to the Asset Status Reports. See “—Asset Status Report” above.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to a Subordinate Companion Loan and prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB Control Appraisal Period, the special servicer will prepare an Asset Status Report for the related AB Whole Loan within 60 days after it becomes a Specially Serviced Loan in accordance with the terms of the PSA and any applicable provisions of the related intercreditor agreement and the Directing Certificateholder will have no approval rights over any such Asset Status Report.

 

Replacement of Special Servicer

 

Subject to the DCH Limitations, so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will have the right to replace the special servicer with or without cause as described under “—Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause” and “—Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events” below.

 

Control Termination Event and Consultation Termination Event[ and Operating Advisor Consultation Event]

 

If a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, but for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the special servicer will not be required to obtain the consent of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to any of the Major Decisions or Asset Status Reports, but subject to the DCH Limitations will be required to consult with the Directing Certificateholder in connection with any Major Decision or Asset Status Report (or any other matter for which the consent of the Directing Certificateholder would have been required or for which the Directing Certificateholder would have the right to direct the master servicer or the special servicer if no Control Termination Event had occurred and was continuing) and to consider alternative actions recommended by the Directing Certificateholder in

 

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respect of such Major Decision or Asset Status Report (or such other matter). Such consultation will not be binding on the special servicer. In the event the special servicer receives no response from the Directing Certificateholder within 10 days following its written request for input on any required consultation, the special servicer will not be obligated to consult with the Directing Certificateholder on the specific matter; provided, however, that the failure of the Directing Certificateholder to respond will not relieve the special servicer from consulting with the Directing Certificateholder on any future matters with respect to the applicable Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan or any other Mortgage Loan.

 

Subject to the DCH Limitations, the Directing Certificateholder (prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event) will be entitled to select (and, at any time, replace) an Excluded Special Servicer with respect to any Excluded Special Servicer Loan.

 

After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, if at any time the applicable Excluded Special Servicer Loan is also an Excluded DCH Loan or if the Directing Certificateholder is entitled to appoint the Excluded Special Servicer but does not so appoint within 30 days of notice of such resignation, the resigning special servicer will be required to select the related Excluded Special Servicer. The resigning special servicer will not have any liability with respect to the actions or inactions of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer or with respect to the identity of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer and will, absent negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith, be indemnified by the issuing entity for any loss, liability or expense incurred in connection with any legal action relating to this transaction resulting solely from the identity or actions of such Excluded Special Servicer.

 

 The special servicer will be required to provide each Major Decision Reporting Package to the operating advisor at the same time that it is required to provide such Major Decision Reporting Package to the Directing Certificateholder (without regard to the occurrence of a Control Termination Event and otherwise assuming that the Directing Certificateholder is entitled to receive such documentation); provided, that with respect to any non-Specially Serviced Loan no Major Decision Reporting Package will be required to be delivered prior to the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event. With respect to any particular Major Decision and/or related Major Decision Reporting Package or any Asset Status Report required to be delivered by the special servicer to the operating advisor, the special servicer will be required to make available to the operating advisor a servicing officer with the relevant knowledge regarding any Mortgage Loan and such Major Decision and/or Asset Status Report in order to address reasonable questions that the operating advisor may have relating to, among other things, such Major Decision and/or Asset Status Report.

 

In addition, if a [Control Termination Event] [Operating Advisor Consultation Event—INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A horizontal residual interest] has occurred and is continuing, the special servicer will also be required to consult with the operating advisor in connection with any Major Decision (and such other matters that are subject to consultation rights of the operating advisor pursuant to the PSA) and to consider alternative actions recommended by the operating advisor in respect of such Major Decision; provided that such consultation is on a non-binding basis. In the event the special servicer receives no response from the operating advisor within 10 days following the later of (i) its written request for input on any required consultation and (ii) delivery of all such additional information reasonably requested by the operating advisor related to the subject matter of such consultation, the special servicer will not be obligated to consult with the operating advisor on the specific matter; provided, however, that [(x) a Major Decision Reporting Package is required to be included in the special servicer’s initial request and (y)][INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER OF A horizontal residual interest] the failure of the operating advisor to respond will not relieve the special servicer from consulting with the operating advisor on any future matters with respect to the applicable Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan or any other Mortgage Loan.

 

If a Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder will have no consultation or consent rights under the PSA and will have no right to receive any notices, reports or information (other than notices, reports or information required to be delivered to all Certificateholders) or

 

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any other rights as Directing Certificateholder under the PSA. The special servicer will nonetheless be required to consult with only the operating advisor in connection with Major Decisions and asset status reports to the extent set forth in the PSA, and no Controlling Class Certificateholder will be recognized or have any right to approve or be consulted with respect to asset status reports or Major Decisions.

 

A “Control Termination Event” will occur when (i) the [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] certificates have a Certificate Balance (taking into account the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balance of such class) of less than 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that class or (ii) a holder of the [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] certificates is the majority Controlling Class Certificateholder and has irrevocably waived its right, in writing, to exercise any of the rights of the Controlling Class Certificateholder and such rights have not been reinstated to a successor controlling class certificateholder as described below.

 

A “Consultation Termination Event” will occur when (i) there is no class of Control Eligible Certificates that has a then-outstanding Certificate Balance at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that class, in each case, without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts; or (ii) a holder of the [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] is the majority Controlling Class Certificateholder and has irrevocably waived its right, in writing, to exercise any of the rights of the Controlling Class Certificateholder and such rights have not been reinstated to a successor controlling class certificateholder pursuant to the terms of the PSA; provided that no Consultation Termination Event resulting solely from the operation of clause (ii) will be deemed to have existed or be in continuance with respect to a successor holder of [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] that has not irrevocably waived its right to exercise any of the rights of the Controlling Class Certificateholder.

 

At any time that the Controlling Class Certificateholder is the holder of a majority of the [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] certificates and the [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] certificates are the Controlling Class, it may waive its right (a) to appoint the Directing Certificateholder and (b) to exercise any of the Directing Certificateholder’s rights set forth in the PSA by irrevocable written notice delivered to the depositor, certificate administrator, master servicer, special servicer and operating advisor. During such time, the special servicer will be required to consult with only the operating advisor in connection with asset status reports and material special servicing actions to the extent set forth in the PSA, and no Controlling Class Certificateholder will be recognized or have any right to replace the special servicer or approve or be consulted with respect to asset status reports or material special servicer actions. Any such waiver will remain effective until such time as the Controlling Class Certificateholder sells or transfers all or a portion of its interest in the certificates to an unaffiliated third party if such unaffiliated third party then holds the majority of the Controlling Class after giving effect to such transfer. Following any such sale or transfer of [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES], the successor Class [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] Certificateholder that is the Controlling Class Certificateholder will be reinstated as, and will again have the rights of, the Controlling Class Certificateholder without regard to any prior waiver by the predecessor certificateholder that was the Controlling Class Certificateholder. The successor [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES]certificateholder that is the Controlling Class Certificateholder will also have the right to irrevocably waive its right to appoint the Directing Certificateholder and to exercise any of the rights of the Controlling Class Certificateholder. In the event of any transfer of the [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] by a Controlling Class Certificateholder that had irrevocably waived its rights as described in this paragraph, the successor Controlling Class Certificateholder that purchased such [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES], even if it does not waive its rights as described in the preceding sentence, will not have any consent rights with respect to any Mortgage Loan that became a Specially Serviced Loan prior to such successor Controlling Class Certificateholder’s purchase of [THE MOST SENIOR CLASS AMONG THE CONTROL ELIGIBLE CERTIFICATES] and had not become a Corrected Loan prior to such purchase until such Mortgage Loan becomes a Corrected Loan.]

 

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[An “Operating Advisor Consultation Event” will occur when either (i) the aggregate Certificate Balance of the [HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST CLASSES] (taking into account the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of such classes) is 25% or less of the initial aggregate Certificate Balance of such classes or (ii) a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing.][INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE BY A third party purchaser of A HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST]

 

For a description of certain restrictions on any modification, waiver or amendment to the Mortgage Loan documents, see “—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments” above.

 

Servicing Override

 

In the event that the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, determines that immediate action with respect to any Major Decision (or any other matter requiring consent of the Directing Certificateholder prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event in the PSA (or any matter requiring consultation with the Directing Certificateholder or the operating advisor)) is necessary to protect the interests of the Certificateholders (and, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the interest of the Certificateholders and the holders of the related Serviced Companion Loan), as a collective whole (taking into account the subordinate or pari passu nature of any Companion Loans), the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, may take any such action without waiting for the Directing Certificateholder’s response (or without waiting to consult with the Directing Certificateholder or the operating advisor, as the case may be); provided that the special servicer or master servicer, as applicable provides the Directing Certificateholder (or the operating advisor, if applicable) with prompt written notice following such action including a reasonably detailed explanation of the basis for such action.

 

[Similarly, in the event that the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, determines that immediate action with respect to any AB Major Decision (or any other matter requiring consent of the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder prior to the occurrence and continuance of a AB Control Appraisal Period (or any matter requiring consultation with the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder) is necessary to protect the interests of the Certificateholders, as a collective whole (taking into account the subordinate nature of the related Subordinate Companion Loan), the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, may take any such action without waiting for the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder’s response [(or without waiting to consult with the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder)]; provided that the special servicer or master servicer, as applicable provides the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder (or the operating advisor, if applicable) with prompt written notice following such action including a reasonably detailed explanation of the basis for such action.]

 

In addition, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer (i) will be required to take or refrain from taking any action pursuant to instructions or objections from the Directing Certificateholder or the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder or (ii) may follow any advice or consultation provided by the Directing Certificateholder or the holder of a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) that would (1) cause it to violate any applicable law, the related Mortgage Loan documents, any related Intercreditor Agreement, the PSA, including the Servicing Standard, or the REMIC provisions, (2) expose the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the issuing entity or the trustee to liability, (3) materially expand the scope of responsibilities of the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, under the PSA or (4) cause the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, to act, or fail to act, in a manner which in the reasonable judgment of the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, is not in the best interests of the Certificateholders (and, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, subject to the rights of the holders of the related Companion Loan, as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”).

 

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Rights of Holders of Companion Loans and Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder

 

With respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the Directing Certificateholder will not be entitled to exercise the rights described above, but such rights, or rights substantially similar to those rights, will be exercisable by the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder. The issuing entity, as the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, has consultation rights with respect to certain major decisions relating to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, and so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing and subject to the DCH Limitations, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to exercise such consultation rights of the issuing entity pursuant to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement. [In addition, so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Certificateholder may have [certain consent rights] in connection with a sale of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan that has become a Defaulted Loan under certain circumstances described under “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties”.] See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan”.

 

With respect to a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan that is subject to a Pari Passu Companion Loan, the holder of the Pari Passu Companion Loan has consultation rights with respect to certain major decisions. See “See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan”.

 

With respect to an AB Whole Loan, prior to the occurrence of an AB Control Appraisal Period with respect to the related Subordinate Companion Loan, the Directing Certificateholder will not be entitled to exercise the above described rights, and those rights will be held by the Subordinate Companion Loan holder (or Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder in the case of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan) in accordance with the PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement. Prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB Control Appraisal Period, the consent of the Subordinate Companion Loan holder (or Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder in the case of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan) is required to be obtained by the special servicer for any AB Major Decision (rather than any Major Decision). However, during an AB Control Appraisal Period with respect to an AB Whole Loan, the Directing Certificateholder will have the same rights (including the rights described above) with respect to an AB Whole Loan as it does for the other Mortgage Loans in the issuing entity. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan.

 

Limitation on Liability of Directing Certificateholder

 

The Directing Certificateholder will not be liable to the issuing entity or the Certificateholders for any action taken, or for refraining from the taking of any action, or for errors in judgment. However, the Directing Certificateholder will not be protected against any liability to the Controlling Class Certificateholders that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of duties or by reason of reckless disregard of obligations or duties owed to the Controlling Class Certificateholders.

 

Each Certificateholder will acknowledge and agree, by its acceptance of its certificates, that the Directing Certificateholder:

 

(a) may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more classes of certificates;

 

(b) may act solely in the interests of the holders of the Controlling Class;

 

(c) does not have any liability or duties to the holders of any class of certificates other than the Controlling Class;

 

(d) may take actions that favor the interests of the holders of the Controlling Class over the interests of the holders of one or more other classes of certificates; and

 

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(e) will have no liability whatsoever (other than to a Controlling Class Certificateholder) for having so acted as set forth in (a) – (d) above, and no Certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the Directing Certificateholder or any director, officer, employee, agent or principal of the Directing Certificateholder for having so acted.

 

The taking of, or refraining from taking, any action by the master servicer or the special servicer in accordance with the direction of or approval of the Directing Certificateholder, which does not violate the terms of any Mortgage Loan, any law or the accepted servicing practices or the provisions of the PSA or the related Intercreditor Agreement, will not result in any liability on the part of the master servicer or the special servicer.

 

Each certificateholder will acknowledge and agree, by its acceptance of its certificates, that the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder and the holders of the Non-Serviced Companion Loan or their respective designees (e.g. the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder under the Non-Serviced PSA) will have limitations on liability with respect to actions taken in connection with the related Mortgage Loan similar to the limitations of the Directing Certificateholder described above pursuant to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement and the Non-Serviced PSA. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan”.

 

[The Risk Retention Consultation Party

 

The “Risk Retention Consultation Party” will be the party selected by the holder or holders of more than 50% of the VRR Interest, by Certificate Balance, as determined by the certificate registrar from time to time. The certificate administrator and the other parties to the PSA will be entitled to assume that the identity of the Risk Retention Consultation Party has not changed until such parties receive written notice of the identity and contact information of a replacement of Risk Retention Consultation Party from a party holding the requisite interest in the VRR Interest (as confirmed by the certificate registrar). The initial Risk Retention Consultation Party is expected to be [_].

 

With respect to any Major Decision related to any Serviced Mortgage Loan that is not an Excluded RRCP Loan, upon request of the Risk Retention Consultation Party, the party processing the Major Decision as described in this prospectus will be required to consult on a non-binding basis with the Risk Retention Consultation Party, in each case within the same time period as such party would be required to consult with the Directing Certificateholder with respect to such Major Decision (assuming the Directing Certificateholder had such right with respect to such Mortgage Loan); provided, that prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, such Mortgage Loan must also be a Specially Serviced Loan. In the event the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, receives no response from the Risk Retention Consultation Party within 10 days following the later of (i) the master servicer’s or the special servicer’s, as applicable, written request for input on any requested consultation and (ii) delivery of all such additional information reasonably requested by such Risk Retention Consultation Party related to the subject matter of such consultation (and in the possession of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable), the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, will not be obligated to consult with such Risk Retention Consultation Party on the specific matter; provided, that the failure of such Risk Retention Consultation Party to respond will not relieve the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, from using reasonable efforts to consult with such Risk Retention Consultation Party on any future matters with respect to the applicable Mortgage Loan.

 

In the event that no Risk Retention Consultation Party has been appointed or identified to the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable then until such time as the new Risk Retention Consultation Party is identified to the master servicer and the special servicer, the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, will have no duty to consult with, provide notice to, or seek the approval or consent of any such Risk Retention Consultation Party, as the case may be.

 

If the Risk Retention Consultation Party or a holder of the majority of the VRR Interest receives access under the PSA to certain information related to a Mortgage Loan with respect to which it is a Borrower Party, it (i) may not directly or indirectly provide any such information to (a) the related Borrower Party, (b) any of its employees or personnel or any of its affiliates involved in the management of any

 

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investment in the related Borrower Party or the related Mortgaged Property or (c) to its actual knowledge, any non-affiliate that holds a direct or indirect ownership interest in the related Borrower Party, and (ii) will be required to maintain sufficient internal controls and appropriate policies and procedures in place in order to comply with the obligations described in clause (i) above.] [INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST]

 

The Operating Advisor

 

General

 

The operating advisor will act solely as a contracting party to the extent set forth in the PSA and in accordance with Operating Advisor Standard, and will have no fiduciary duty to any party. The operating advisor’s duties will be limited to its specific duties under the PSA, and the operating advisor will have no duty or liability to any particular class of certificates or any Certificateholder. The operating advisor is not the special servicer or a sub-servicer and will not be charged with changing the outcome on any particular Specially Serviced Loan. By purchasing a certificate, potential investors acknowledge and agree that there could be multiple strategies to resolve any Specially Serviced Loan and that the goal of the operating advisor’s participation is to provide additional input relating to the special servicer’s compliance with the Servicing Standard in making its determinations as to which strategy to execute.

 

Potential investors should note that the operating advisor is not an “advisor” for any purpose other than as specifically set forth in the PSA and is not an advisor to any person, including without limitation any Certificateholder. For the avoidance of doubt, the operating advisor is not an “investment adviser” within the meaning of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Your Lack of Control Over the Issuing Entity Can Adversely Impact Your Investment”.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the operating advisor will generally have no obligations or consultation rights under the PSA for this transaction with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan (each of which will be serviced pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA) or any related REO Properties. However, [NAME OF OPERATING ADVISOR] is also the operating advisor under the [NAME OF NON-SERVICED PSA] and, in that capacity, will have certain obligations and consultation rights with respect to the Non-Serviced Special Servicer pursuant to the [NAME OF NON-SERVICED PSA], that are substantially similar to those of the operating advisor under the PSA. See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan” below.

 

[THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS ARE APPLICABLE TO OFFERINGS OTHER THAN OFFERINGS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE OF AN ELIGIBLE HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER]

 

[Duties of Operating Advisor While No Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the operating advisor’s obligations will be limited to the following, and generally will not involve an assessment of specific actions of the special servicer:

 

(a) promptly reviewing information available to Privileged Persons on the certificate administrator’s website that is relevant to the operating advisor’s obligations under the PSA;

 

(b) promptly reviewing each Final Asset Status Report; and

 

(c) reviewing any Appraisal Reduction Amount and net present value calculations used in the special servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan (after they have been finalized); however the operating advisor may not opine on, or otherwise call into question, such Appraisal Reduction Amount

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calculations and/or net present value calculations (except that if the operating advisor discovers a mathematical error contained in such calculations, then the operating advisor will be required to notify the special servicer and the Directing Certificateholder of such error).

 

The operating advisor will have no specific involvement with respect to collateral substitutions, assignments, workouts, modifications, consents, waivers, insurance policies, borrower substitutions, lease changes and other similar actions that the special servicer may perform under the PSA and will have no obligations with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan.

 

The operating advisor’s review of information (other than a Final Asset Status Report and information accompanying such report) or interaction with the special servicer related to any specific Specially Serviced Loan is only to provide background information to support the operating advisor’s duties following a servicing transfer, if needed, or to allow more meaningful interaction with the special servicer.

 

A “Final Asset Status Report”, with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan, means each related Asset Status Report, together with such other data or supporting information provided by the special servicer to the Directing Certificateholder which does not include any communication (other than the related Asset Status Report) between the special servicer and Directing Certificateholder with respect to such Specially Serviced Loan; provided that, so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, no Asset Status Report will be considered to be a Final Asset Status Report unless the Directing Certificateholder, has either finally approved of and consented to the actions proposed to be taken in connection therewith, or has exhausted all of its rights of approval or consent or has been deemed to have approved or consented to such action or the Asset Status Report is otherwise implemented by the special servicer in accordance with the terms of the PSA.]

 

Duties of Operating Advisor While a Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, while a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing [(or, with respect to an AB Whole Loan, after the occurrence and during the continuance of both a Control Termination Event and an AB Control Appraisal Period)], the operating advisor’s obligations will consist of the following:

 

(a) the operating advisor will be required to consult (on a non-binding basis) with the special servicer in respect of the Asset Status Reports [in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard], as described under “—Asset Status Report”;

 

(b) the operating advisor will be required to consult (on a non-binding basis) with the special servicer [in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard] with respect to Major Decisions as described under “—The Directing Certificateholder—Major Decisions”;

 

(c) the operating advisor will be required to prepare an annual report (if any Mortgage Loan other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan or any Serviced Whole Loan was a Specially Serviced Loan during the prior calendar year) in the form attached to this prospectus as Annex C to be provided to the trustee, the master servicer, the Rating Agencies, the certificate administrator (and made available through the certificate administrator’s website) and the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard, as described below under “—Annual Report”; and

 

(d) the operating advisor will be required to promptly recalculate and verify the accuracy of the mathematical calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portion of the applicable formulas required to be utilized in connection with: (1) any Appraisal Reduction Amount or (2) net present value calculations used in the special servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan prior to utilization by the special servicer.

 

In connection with the performance of the duties described in clause (d) above:

 

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(i)      after the calculation but prior to the utilization by the special servicer, the special servicer will be required to deliver the foregoing calculations together with information and support materials (including such additional information reasonably requested by the operating advisor to confirm the mathematical accuracy of such calculations, but not including any Privileged Information) to the operating advisor;

 

(ii)      if the operating advisor does not agree with the mathematical calculations or the application of the applicable non-discretionary portions of the formula required to be utilized for such calculation, the operating advisor and special servicer will be required to consult with each other in order to resolve any inaccuracy in the mathematical calculations or the application of the non-discretionary portions of the related formula in arriving at those mathematical calculations or any disagreement; and

 

(iii)     if the operating advisor and special servicer are not able to resolve such matters, the operating advisor will be required to promptly notify the certificate administrator and the certificate administrator will be required to examine the calculations and supporting materials provided by the special servicer and the operating advisor and determine which calculation is to apply.

 

[The “Operating Advisor Standard”  means the requirement that the operating advisor must act solely on behalf of the issuing entity and in the best interest of, and for the benefit of, the Certificateholders and, with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan for the benefit of the holders of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan Holders constituted a single lender), and not to holders of any particular class of certificates (as determined by the operating advisor in the exercise of its good faith and reasonable judgment), but without regard to any conflict of interest arising from any relationship that the operating advisor or any of its affiliates may have with any of the underlying borrowers, any sponsor, the mortgage loan seller, the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the asset representations reviewer, the Directing Certificateholder, or any of their affiliates.]]

 

Annual Report. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, based on the operating advisor’s review of any Assessment of Compliance Report, Attestation Report, Asset Status Report and other information (other than any communications between the Directing Certificateholder and the special servicer that would be Privileged Information) delivered to the operating advisor by the special servicer, including each Asset Status Report delivered during the prior calendar year, the operating advisor will (if any Mortgage Loans were Specially Serviced Loans in the prior calendar year) prepare an annual report in the form attached to this prospectus as Annex C to be provided to the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) and the certificate administrator for the benefit of the Certificateholders (and made available through the certificate administrator’s website) within 120 days of the end of the prior calendar year for which a Control Termination Event was continuing as of December 31 and setting forth its assessment of the special servicer’s performance of its duties under the PSA during the prior calendar year on a “platform-level basis” with respect to the resolution and liquidation of Specially Serviced Loans that the special servicer is responsible for servicing under the PSA; provided, however, that in the event the special servicer is replaced, the operating advisor’s annual report will only relate to the entity that was acting as special servicer as of December 31 in the prior calendar year and is continuing in such capacity through the date of such annual report. Only as used in connection with the operating advisor’s annual report, the term “platform-level basis” refers to the special servicer’s performance of its duties as they relate to the resolution and liquidation of Specially Serviced Loans, taking into account the special servicer’s specific duties under the PSA as well as the extent to which those duties were performed in accordance with the Servicing Standard, with reasonable consideration by the operating advisor of any Assessment of Compliance Report, Attestation Report, Asset Status Report and other information delivered to the operating advisor by the special servicer (other than any communications between the Directing Certificateholder and the special servicer that would be Privileged Information) pursuant to the PSA.

 

[Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to an AB Whole Loan, no annual report prepared by the operating advisor will be permitted to include an analysis of the special servicer’s performance in respect

 

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of an AB Whole Loan until after the occurrence and continuance of a related AB Control Appraisal Period under the related Intercreditor Agreement.]

 

The special servicer must be given an opportunity to review any annual report produced by the operating advisor at least five (5) business days prior to its delivery to the certificate administrator and the 17g-5 Information Provider; provided that the operating advisor will have no obligation to adopt any comments to such annual report that are provided by the special servicer.

 

In each annual report, the operating advisor will identify any material deviations (i) from the Servicing Standard and (ii) from the special servicer’s obligations under the PSA with respect to the resolution or liquidation of Specially Serviced Loans or REO Properties that the special servicer is responsible for servicing under the PSA (other than with respect to any REO Property related to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) based on the limited review required in the PSA. Each annual report will be required to comply with the confidentiality requirements, subject to certain exceptions, each as described in this prospectus and as provided in the PSA regarding Privileged Information.]

 

Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer After the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, if the operating advisor determines that the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard, the operating advisor may recommend the replacement of the special servicer in the manner described in “—Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause”.

 

[THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS ARE APPLICABLE TO OFFERINGS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS through THE PURCHASE BY A third party purchaser of A horizontal residual interest]

 

[Duties of Operating Advisor at All Times

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, the operating advisor’s obligations will generally consist of the following:

 

(a) reviewing the actions of the special servicer with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and, if an Operating Advisor Consultation Event exists, Major Decisions with respect to any Mortgage Loan as to which the operating advisor has consultation rights, in each case to the extent described in this prospectus and required under the PSA;

 

(b) reviewing (i) all reports by the special servicer made available to Privileged Persons on the certificate administrator’s website or otherwise provided to the operating advisor pursuant to the PSA, and (ii) each Final Asset Status Report;

 

(c) reviewing any Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount (if the special servicer has calculated any such Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount) and net present value calculations used in the special servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan as described below; and

 

(d) preparing an annual report as described under “—Annual Report” below (if any Serviced Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan was a Specially Serviced Loan at any time during the prior calendar year or if an Operating Advisor Consultation Event occurred during the prior calendar year) generally in the form attached to this prospectus as Annex C to be provided to the trustee, the certificate administrator (and made available through the certificate administrator’s website) and the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website).

 

In connection with the performance of the duties described in clause (c) above:

 

(i)      after the calculation but prior to the utilization by the special servicer, the special servicer will be required to deliver the foregoing calculations together with information and support materials

 

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(including such additional information reasonably requested by the operating advisor to confirm the mathematical accuracy of such calculations, but not including any Privileged Information) to the operating advisor;

 

(ii)      if the operating advisor does not agree with the mathematical calculations or the application of the applicable non-discretionary portions of the formula required to be utilized for such calculation, the operating advisor and special servicer will be required to consult with each other in order to resolve any inaccuracy in the mathematical calculations or the application of the non-discretionary portions of the related formula in arriving at those mathematical calculations or any disagreement; and

 

(iii)     if the operating advisor and special servicer are not able to resolve such matters, the special servicer will be required to promptly notify the certificate administrator and the certificate administrator will be required to examine the calculations and supporting materials provided by the special servicer and the operating advisor and determine which calculation is to apply.

 

Prior to the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the operating advisor’s review will be limited to an after-the-action review of the reports, calculations and materials described above (together with any additional information and material reviewed by the operating advisor), and, therefore, it will have no involvement with respect to the determination and execution of Major Decisions and other similar actions that the special servicer may perform under the PSA and will have no obligations at any time with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. In addition, with respect to the operating advisor’s review of net present value calculations as described above, the operating advisor’s recalculation will not take into account the reasonableness of special servicer’s property and borrower performance assumptions or other similar discretionary portions of the net present value calculation.

 

 The “Operating Advisor Standard” means the requirement that the operating advisor must act solely on behalf of the issuing entity and in the best interest of and for the benefit of the Certificateholders (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders constituted a single lender) and not for the benefit of holders of any particular class of certificates (as determined by the operating advisor in the exercise of its good faith and reasonable judgment), but without regard to any conflict of interest arising from any relationship that the operating advisor or any of its affiliates may have with any of the underlying borrowers, any sponsor, any mortgage loan seller, the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the asset representations reviewer, the Directing Certificateholder, or any of their affiliates.

 

Annual Report. Based on the operating advisor’s review of any Assessment of Compliance and any Attestation Report delivered to the operating advisor or made available to the operating advisor on the certificate administrator’s website, any attestation report delivered to the operating advisor, any Final Asset Status Report and other information (other than any communications between the related Directing Certificateholder or any related Companion Loan holder (or its representative), as applicable, and the special servicer that would be Privileged Information) delivered to the operating advisor by the special servicer, the operating advisor will be required ((i) if any Serviced Mortgage Loans were Specially Serviced Loans at any time during the prior calendar year or (ii) if an Operating Advisor Consultation Event occurred during the prior calendar year) to prepare an annual report substantially in the form attached to this prospectus as Annex C to be provided to the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) and the certificate administrator for the benefit of the Certificateholders (and made available through the certificate administrator’s website) within 120 days of the end of the prior calendar year that (a) sets forth the operating advisor’s assessment, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, as to whether the special servicer is operating in compliance with the Servicing Standard with respect to its performance of its duties under the PSA with respect to Specially Serviced Loans (and, after the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, with respect to Major Decisions on Serviced Mortgage Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans) during the prior calendar year (on the basis described in the following paragraph) and (b) identifies (1) which, if any, standards the operating advisor believes, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, the special servicer has failed to comply with and (2) any material deviations from the special servicer’s obligations under the PSA with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan, REO Property (other than with

 

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respect to any REO Property related to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and, after the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, non-Specially Serviced Loans (solely with respect to Major Decisions with respect thereto); provided, that in the event the special servicer is replaced, the operating advisor’s annual report will only relate to the entity that was acting as special servicer as of December 31 in the prior calendar year and is continuing in such capacity through the date of such annual report. In preparing any operating advisor annual report, the operating advisor will not be required to report on instances of non-compliance with, or deviations from, the Servicing Standard or the special servicer’s obligations under the PSA that the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, to be immaterial. 

 

The operating advisor’s annual report will be prepared on the basis of the special servicer’s performance of its duties with respect to Specially Serviced Loans (and, after the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, with respect to Major Decisions on non-Specially Serviced Loans) under the PSA, taking into account the special servicer’s specific duties under the PSA as well as the extent to which those duties were performed in accordance with the Servicing Standard, with reasonable consideration by the operating advisor of any Assessment of Compliance report, Attestation Report, Major Decision Reporting Package, Asset Status Report, Final Asset Status Report and any other information delivered to the operating advisor by the special servicer (other than any communications between the Directing Certificateholder and the special servicer that would be Privileged Information) pursuant to the PSA.

 

The special servicer must be given an opportunity to review any annual report produced by the operating advisor at least five (5) business days prior to its delivery to the certificate administrator and the 17g-5 Information Provider; provided that the operating advisor will have no obligation to adopt any comments to such annual report that are provided by the special servicer.

 

Each annual report will be required to comply with the confidentiality requirements, subject to certain exceptions, each as described in “—Other Obligations of Operating Advisor” below regarding Privileged Information.

 

The ability to perform the duties of the operating advisor and the quality and the depth of any annual report will be dependent upon the timely receipt of information prepared or made available by others and the accuracy and the completeness of such information. In addition, in no event will the operating advisor have the power to compel any transaction party to take, or refrain from taking, any action. It is possible that the lack of access to Privileged Information may limit or prohibit the operating advisor from performing its duties under the PSA, in which case any annual report may, to the extent the operating advisor deems relevant, describe any resulting limitations, and the operating advisor will not be subject to any liability arising from such limitations or prohibitions. The operating advisor will be entitled to conclusively rely on the accuracy and completeness of any information it is provided without liability for any reliance thereon.

 

Additional Duties of Operating Advisor While an Operating Advisor Consultation Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing

 

With respect to each Serviced Mortgage Loan, after the operating advisor has received notice that an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred and is continuing, in addition to the duties described above, the operating advisor will be required to perform the following additional duties:

 

 

to consult on a non-binding basis with the special servicer (telephonically or electronically) in respect of the Asset Status Reports, as described under “—Asset Status Report”; and

 

 

to consult (on a non-binding basis) with the special servicer with respect to Major Decisions as described under “—The Directing Certificateholder—Major Decisions”.

 

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Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer

 

If the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that (1) special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard, and (2) the replacement of the special servicer would be in the best interest of the Certificateholders as a collective whole, then the operating advisor may recommend the replacement of the special servicer and deliver a report supporting such recommendation in the manner described in “—Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause”.]

 

[EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE INDICATED BELOW, THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS ARE APPLICABLE TO ALL OFFERINGS]

 

Eligibility of Operating Advisor

 

The operating advisor will be required to be an Eligible Operating Advisor at all times during the term of the PSA. “Eligible Operating Advisor” means an institution:

 

(i)      that is a special servicer or operating advisor on a CMBS transaction rated by the Rating Agencies (including, in the case of the operating advisor, this transaction) but has not been a special servicer or operating advisor on a transaction for which any Rating Agency has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of one or more classes of certificates for such transaction citing servicing or other relevant concerns with the special servicer or operating advisor, as applicable, as the sole or a material factor in such rating action;

 

(ii)      that can and will make the representations and warranties of the operating advisor set forth in the PSA, including to the effect that it possesses sufficient financial strength to fulfill its duties and responsibilities pursuant to the PSA over the life of the Trust;

 

(iii)     that is (and is not affiliated with) not the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer, a mortgage loan seller, the Directing Certificateholder, a depositor, a trustee, a certificate administrator, a master servicer or special servicer with respect to the securitization of a Companion Loan, or any of their respective affiliates;

 

(iv)     that has not been paid by any special servicer or successor special servicer any fees, compensation or other remuneration (x) in respect of its obligations under the PSA or (y) for the appointment or recommendation for replacement of a successor special servicer to become the special servicer;

 

(v)      that (x) has been regularly engaged in the business of analyzing and advising clients in CMBS matters and has at least five years of experience in collateral analysis and loss projections, and (y) has at least five years of experience in commercial real estate asset management and experience in the workout and management of distressed commercial real estate assets [; and

 

(vi)     that does not directly or indirectly, through one or more affiliates or otherwise, own any interest in any certificates, any Mortgage Loans, any Companion Loan or any securities backed by a Companion Loan or otherwise have any financial interest in the securitization transaction to which the PSA relates, other than in fees from its role as operating advisor and except as set forth in the PSA.] [APPLICABLE TO OFFERINGS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS through THE PURCHASE BY A third party purchaser of A horizontal residual interest]

 

Other Obligations of Operating Advisor

 

At all times, subject to the Privileged Information Exception, the operating advisor will be obligated to keep confidential any Privileged Information received from the special servicer or Directing Certificateholder in connection with the Directing Certificateholder’s exercise of any rights under the PSA (including, without limitation, in connection with any Asset Status Report) or otherwise in connection with the transaction, except under the circumstances described below. As used in this prospectus, “Privileged

 

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Information” means (i) any correspondence between the Directing Certificateholder and the special servicer related to any Specially Serviced Loan or the exercise of the Directing Certificateholder’s consent or consultation rights under the PSA, (ii) any strategically sensitive information that the special servicer has reasonably determined could compromise the issuing entity’s position in any ongoing or future negotiations with the related borrower or other interested party and (iii) information subject to attorney-client privilege.

 

The operating advisor will be required to keep all such Privileged Information confidential and will not be permitted to disclose such Privileged Information to any person (including Certificateholders other than the Directing Certificateholder), other than (1) to the extent expressly required by the PSA, to the other parties to the PSA with a notice indicating that such information is Privileged Information, (2) pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception or (3) where necessary to support specific findings or conclusions regarding deviations from the Servicing Standard (i) in the operating advisor annual report or (ii) in connection with a recommendation by the operating advisor to replace the special servicer. Each party to the PSA that receives Privileged Information from the operating advisor with a notice stating that such information is Privileged Information may not disclose such Privileged Information to any person without the prior written consent of the special servicer and, unless a Consultation Termination Event exists, the Directing Certificateholder (with respect to any Serviced Mortgage Loan (subject to the DCH Limitations)) other than pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception. In addition and for the avoidance of doubt, while the operating advisor may serve in a similar capacity with respect to other securitizations that involve the same parties or borrowers involved in this securitization, the knowledge of the operating advisor gained from performing operating advisor functions for such other securitizations will not be imputed to the operating advisor in this securitization.

 

Privileged Information Exception” means, with respect to any Privileged Information, at any time (a) such Privileged Information becomes generally available and known to the public other than as a result of a disclosure directly or indirectly by the party restricted from disclosing such Privileged Information (the “Restricted Party”), (b) it is reasonable and necessary for the Restricted Party to disclose such Privileged Information in working with legal counsel, auditors, taxing authorities or other governmental agencies, (c) such Privileged Information was already known to such Restricted Party and not otherwise subject to a confidentiality obligation and/or (d) the Restricted Party is (in the case of the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the certificate administrator and the trustee, based on written legal advice), required by law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree to disclose such information.

 

Neither the operating advisor nor any of its affiliates may make any investment in any class of certificates; provided, however, that such prohibition will not apply to (i) riskless principal transactions effected by a broker dealer affiliate of the operating advisor or (ii) investments by an affiliate of the operating advisor if the operating advisor and such affiliate maintain policies and procedures that (A) segregate personnel involved in the activities of the operating advisor under the PSA from personnel involved in such affiliate’s investment activities and (B) prevent such affiliate and its personnel from gaining access to information regarding the issuing entity and the operating advisor and its personnel from gaining access to such affiliate’s information regarding its investment activities.

 

Delegation of Operating Advisor’s Duties

 

[The operating advisor may delegate its duties to agents or subcontractors in accordance with the PSA however, the operating advisor will remain obligated and primarily liable for any actions required to be performed by it under the PSA without diminution of such obligation or liability or related obligation or liability by virtue of such delegation or arrangements or by virtue of indemnification from any person acting as its agents or subcontractor to the same extent and under the same terms and conditions as if the operating advisor alone were performing its obligations under the PSA.]

 

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Termination of the Operating Advisor With Cause

 

[The following constitute operating advisor termination events under the PSA (each, an “Operating Advisor Termination Event”), whether any such event is voluntary or involuntary or is effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body:

 

(a) any failure by the operating advisor to observe or perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements or the material breach of any of its representations or warranties under the PSA, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure is given to the operating advisor by any party to the PSA or to the operating advisor, the certificate administrator and the trustee by the holders of certificates having greater than 25% of the aggregate Voting Rights; provided that with respect to any such failure which is not curable within such 30 day period, the operating advisor will have an additional cure period of 30 days to effect such cure so long as it has commenced to cure such failure within the initial 30 day period and has provided the trustee and the certificate administrator with an officer’s certificate certifying that it has diligently pursued, and is continuing to pursue, such cure;

 

(b) any failure by the operating advisor to perform in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure is given to the operating advisor;

 

(c) any failure by the operating advisor to be an Eligible Operating Advisor, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days;

 

(d) a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law for the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, shall have been entered against the operating advisor, and such decree or order shall have remained in force undischarged or unstayed for a period of 60 days;

 

(e) the operating advisor consents to the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator or liquidation committee in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities, voluntary liquidation, or similar proceedings of or relating to the operating advisor or of or relating to all or substantially all of its property; or

 

(f)  the operating advisor admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, files a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspends payment of its obligations.]

 

Upon receipt by the certificate administrator of notice of the occurrence of any Operating Advisor Termination Event, the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders electronically by posting such notice on its internet website and by mail, unless the certificate administrator has received notice that such Operating Advisor Termination Event has been remedied.

 

Rights Upon Operating Advisor Termination Event

 

After the occurrence of an Operating Advisor Termination Event, either (i) the trustee may, or (ii) upon the written direction of Holders of Certificates evidencing at least 25% of the aggregate Voting Rights of all Certificates, the trustee will be required to promptly terminate all of the rights and obligations of the Operating Advisor under the PSA, other than the right to receive accrued and unpaid fees and expense reimbursements and the right to indemnification under the PSA.

 

As soon as practicable, but in no event later than fifteen (15) Business Days (or such longer period of time as may be reasonably necessary to find a willing successor Operating Advisor if no willing successor

 

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Operating Advisor can be identified in such fifteen (15) Business Day period) after the trustee or the certificate administrator delivers written notice of termination to the Operating Advisor, the trustee will be required to appoint a successor Operating Advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor (which successor Operating Advisor may be an affiliate of the trustee). If the trustee is the successor master servicer or the successor special servicer, neither the trustee nor any of its affiliates will be the successor Operating Advisor. The appointment of the successor Operating Advisor will not be subject to the vote, consent or approval of the Holder of any class of Certificates; provided, that if no Control Termination Event or Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will have the right to consent, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, to any replacement Operating Advisor; provided, further, that such consent will be deemed to have been granted if no objection is made within ten (10) Business Days following the Directing Certificateholder’s receipt of the request for consent and, if granted or deemed granted, such consent cannot thereafter be revoked or withdrawn. The trustee shall not have liability for any failure to find a suitable Eligible Operating Advisor to serve as a successor Operating Advisor.

 

Upon any termination of the Operating Advisor and appointment of a successor to the Operating Advisor, the trustee will, as soon as possible, be required to give written notice of the termination and appointment to the special servicer, the master servicer, the certificate administrator, the 17g-5 Information Provider, the depositor, the Directing Certificateholder (but only if no Control Termination Event or Consultation Termination Event has occurred and subject to the DCH Limitations) and the Certificateholders. If no Eligible Operating Advisor has been appointed in accordance with the PSA, no party will act as successor Operating Advisor.

 

If the Operating Advisor is terminated for any reason, it will remain entitled to any accrued and unpaid fees and expenses, as well as indemnification in respect of the period during which it acted as Operating Advisor, which will be payable in accordance with the priorities and subject to the limitations described in this prospectus and set forth in the PSA.

 

Waiver of Operating Advisor Termination Event

 

[The holders of certificates representing at least [__]% of the Voting Rights affected by any Operating Advisor Termination Event may waive such Operating Advisor Termination Event within twenty (20) days of the receipt of notice from the certificate administrator of the occurrence of such Operating Advisor Termination Event. Upon any such waiver of an Operating Advisor Termination Event, such Operating Advisor Termination Event shall cease to exist and will be deemed to have been remedied. Upon any such waiver of an Operating Advisor Termination Event by Certificateholders, the trustee and the certificate administrator will be entitled to recover all costs and expenses incurred by it in connection with enforcement action taken with respect to such Operating Advisor Termination Event prior to such waiver from the issuing entity.]

 

Termination of the Operating Advisor Without Cause

 

After the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the operating advisor may be removed upon (i) the written direction of Certificateholders evidencing not less than [25]% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of classes to which such Appraisal Reduction Amounts are allocable) requesting a vote to replace the operating advisor with a replacement operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor selected by such Certificateholders, (ii) payment by such requesting holders to the certificate administrator of all reasonable fees and expenses to be incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote and (iii) receipt by the trustee of the Rating Agency Confirmation with respect to such removal.

 

The certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders of such request by posting such notice on its internet website, and by mail, and conduct the solicitation of votes of all certificates in such regard.

 

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Upon the vote or written direction of holders of at least 75% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of classes to which such Appraisal Reduction Amounts are allocable), the trustee will immediately replace the operating advisor with the replacement operating advisor.

 

[In addition, in the event there are no classes of certificates outstanding other than the Control Eligible Certificates and the Class R certificates, then all of the rights and obligations of the operating advisor under the PSA will terminate without payment of any penalty or termination fee (other than any rights or obligations that accrued prior to the date of such termination (including accrued and unpaid compensation) and other than indemnification rights arising out of events occurring prior to such termination). If the operating advisor is terminated pursuant to the foregoing sentence, then no replacement operating advisor will be appointed.] [APPLICABLE TO OFFERINGS OTHER THAN OFFERINGS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS through THE PURCHASE BY A third party purchaser of A horizontal residual interest]

 

Resignation of the Operating Advisor

 

The operating advisor may resign upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the depositor, master servicer, special servicer, trustee, certificate administrator, the asset representations reviewer and the Directing Certificateholder, if the operating advisor has secured a replacement operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor and such replacement operating advisor has accepted its appointment as the replacement operating advisor. If no successor operating advisor has been so appointed and accepted the appointment within 30 days after the notice of resignation, the resigning operating advisor may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor. The resigning operating advisor must pay all costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

Operating Advisor Compensation

 

Certain fees will be payable to the operating advisor, and the operating advisor will be entitled to be reimbursed for certain expenses, as described under “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor”.

 

In the event the operating advisor resigns or is terminated for any reason it will remain entitled to any accrued and unpaid fees and reimbursement of Operating Advisor Expenses and any rights to indemnification provided under the PSA with respect to the period for which it acted as operating advisor.

 

The operating advisor will be entitled to reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the operating advisor in the event that the operating advisor is terminated without cause. See “—Termination of the Operating Advisor Without Cause” above.

 

The Asset Representations Reviewer

 

Asset Review

 

Asset Review Trigger. On or prior to each Distribution Date, based on the CREFC® delinquent loan status report and/or the CREFC® loan periodic update file delivered by the master servicer for such Distribution Date, the certificate administrator will be required to determine if an Asset Review Trigger has occurred. If an Asset Review Trigger is determined to have occurred, the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to each party to the PSA and to all Certificateholders by posting a notice of its determination on its internet website and by mailing such notice to the Certificateholders’ addresses appearing in the certificate register. On each Distribution Date after providing such notice to the Certificateholders, the certificate administrator, based on information provided to it by the master servicer or the special servicer, will be required to determine whether (1) any additional Mortgage Loan has become a Delinquent Loan, (2) any Mortgage Loan has ceased to be a Delinquent Loan and (3) an Asset Review Trigger has ceased to exist, and, if there is an occurrence of any of the events or circumstances identified in clauses (1), (2) and/or (3), deliver such information in a

 

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written notice (which may be via email) within 2 business days to the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer. 

 

An “Asset Review Trigger” will occur when either (1) Mortgage Loans with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of 25.0% or more of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all of the Mortgage Loans (including any successor REO Loans) held by the issuing entity as of the end of the applicable Collection Period are Delinquent Loans or (2)(A) prior to and including the second anniversary of the Closing Date, at least 10 Mortgage Loans are Delinquent Loans as of the end of the applicable Collection Period and the outstanding principal balance of such Delinquent Loans in the aggregate constitutes at least 15.0% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all of the Mortgage Loans (including any successor REO Loans) held by the issuing entity as of the end of the applicable Collection Period, or (B) after the second anniversary of the Closing Date, at least 15 Mortgage Loans are Delinquent Loans as of the end of the applicable Collection Period and the outstanding principal balance of such Delinquent Loans in the aggregate constitutes at least 20.0% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all of the Mortgage Loans (including any successor REO Loans) held by the issuing entity as of the end of the applicable Collection Period. The PSA will require that the certificate administrator include in the Distribution Report on Form 10-D relating to the distribution period in which the Asset Review Trigger occurred a description of the events that caused the Asset Review Trigger to occur.

 

We believe this Asset Review Trigger is appropriate considering the unique characteristics of pools of Mortgage Loans underlying CMBS. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Static Pool Data Would Not Be Indicative of the Performance of this Pool”. [While we do not believe static pool information is relevant to CMBS transactions as a general matter, as a point of relative context, with respect to the [_] prior pools of commercial mortgage loans for which MSMCH (or its predecessors) was sponsor in a public offering of CMBS with a securitization closing date on or after January 1, 2006 and on or prior to and on or prior to [INSERT A DATE NO LATER THAN 135 DAYS OF THE DATE OF FIRST USE OF THE PROSPECTUS], the highest percentage of loans, based on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of delinquent mortgage loans in an individual CMBS transaction, that were delinquent at least 60 days at the end of any [reporting period] between January 1, 2010 and [INSERT A DATE NO LATER THAN 135 DAYS OF THE DATE OF FIRST USE OF THE PROSPECTUS] was [____]%, however, the average of the highest delinquency percentages based on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of delinquent mortgage loans in the reviewed transactions was approximately [_]%; and the highest percentage of delinquent mortgage loans, based upon the number of mortgage loans in the reviewed transactions was approximately [_]% and the average of the highest delinquency percentages based on the number of mortgage loans in the reviewed transactions was approximately [_]%.]

 

This pool of Mortgage Loans is not homogeneous or granular, and there are individual Mortgage Loans that each represent a significant percentage, by outstanding principal balance, of the Mortgage Pool. For example, the [_] largest Mortgage Loans in the Mortgage Pool represent approximately [_]% of the Initial Pool Balance. Given this Mortgage Pool composition and the fact that CMBS pools as a general matter include a small relative number of larger mortgage loans, we believe it would not be appropriate for the delinquency of the [_] largest Mortgage Loans, in the case of this Mortgage Pool, to cause the Asset Review Trigger to be met, as that would not necessarily be indicative of the overall quality of the Mortgage Pool. On the other hand, a significant number of delinquent Mortgage Loans by loan count could indicate an issue with the quality of the Mortgage Pool. As a result, we believe it would be appropriate to have the alternative test as set forth in clause (2) of the definition of “Asset Review Trigger”, namely to have the Asset Review Trigger be met if Mortgage Loans representing a specified percentage of the Mortgage Loans (by loan count) are Delinquent Loans, assuming those mortgage loans still meet a minimum principal balance threshold. CMBS as an asset class has historically not had a large number of claims for, or repurchases based on, breaches of representations and warranties. While the Asset Review Trigger we have selected is less than this historical peak, we feel it remains at a level that avoids a trigger based on market variability while providing an appropriate threshold to capture delinquencies that may have resulted from an underlying deficiency in one or more mortgage loan seller’s Mortgage Loans that could be the basis for claims against those mortgage loan sellers based on breaches of the representations and warranties.

 

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Delinquent Loan” means a Mortgage Loan that is delinquent at least sixty days in respect of its Periodic Payments or balloon payment, if any, in either case such delinquency to be determined without giving effect to any grace period.

 

Asset Review Vote. If Certificateholders evidencing not less than 5% of the Voting Rights deliver to the certificate administrator, within 90 days after the filing of the Form 10-D reporting the occurrence of an Asset Review Trigger, a written direction requesting a vote to commence an Asset Review (an “Asset Review Vote Election”), the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to the asset representations reviewer and notice of such direction to all Certificateholders, and to conduct a solicitation of votes of Certificateholders to authorize an Asset Review. Upon the affirmative vote to authorize an Asset Review of Certificateholders entitled to both (i) a majority of the Voting Rights allocable to those Certificateholders who cast votes and (ii) a majority of the Voting Rights that constitute a minimum Asset Review Quorum within 150 days of the receipt of the Asset Review Vote Election (an “Affirmative Asset Review Vote”), the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice of such Affirmative Asset Review Vote to all parties to the PSA, the underwriters, the mortgage loan sellers, the Directing Certificateholder and the Certificateholders. In the event an Affirmative Asset Review Vote has not occurred within such 150-day period following the receipt of the Asset Review Vote Election, no Certificateholder may request a vote or cast a vote for an Asset Review and the asset representations reviewer will not be required to review any Delinquent Loan unless and until (A) an additional Mortgage Loan has become a Delinquent Loan after the expiration of such 150-day period, (B) an Asset Review Trigger has occurred as a result or otherwise is in effect, (C) the certificate administrator has received any Asset Review Vote Election after the occurrence of the events described in clauses (A) and (B) above and (D) an Affirmative Asset Review Vote has occurred within 150 days after the Asset Review Vote Election described in clause (C) above. After the occurrence of any Asset Review Vote Election or an Affirmative Asset Review Vote, no Certificateholder may make any additional Asset Review Vote Election except as described in the immediately preceding sentence. [Any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote will be paid as an expense of the issuing entity from the Collection Account.]

 

An “Asset Review Quorum” means, in connection with any solicitation of votes to authorize an Asset Review as described above, the Certificateholders evidencing at least 5% of the aggregate Voting Rights.

 

Review Materials. Upon receipt of notice from the certificate administrator of an Affirmative Asset Review Vote (the “Asset Review Notice”), the custodian (with respect to clauses (i) – (v) for all Mortgage Loans), the master servicer (with respect to clause (vi) for non-Specially Serviced Loans) and the special servicer (with respect to clause (vi) for Specially Serviced Loans), in each case to the extent in such party’s possession, will be required to promptly, but in no event later than within 10 business days (except with respect to clause (vi)) after receipt of such notice from the certificate administrator, provide the following materials to the extent in their possession to the asset representations reviewer (collectively, with the Diligence Files, a copy of the prospectus, a copy of each related MLPA and a copy of the PSA, the “Review Materials”):

 

(i)      a copy of an assignment of the Mortgage in favor of the trustee, with evidence of recording thereon, for each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review;

 

(ii)     a copy of an assignment of any related assignment of leases (if such item is a document separate from the Mortgage) in favor of the trustee, with evidence of recording thereon, related to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review;

 

(iii)    a copy of the assignment of all unrecorded documents relating to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review, if not already covered pursuant to items (i) or (ii) above;

 

(iv)    a copy of all filed copies (bearing evidence of filing) or evidence of filing of any UCC financing statements related to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review;

 

(v)     a copy of an assignment in favor of the trustee of any financing statement executed and filed in the relevant jurisdiction related to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review; and

 

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(vi)     any other related documents that are reasonably requested by the asset representations reviewer to be delivered by the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, in the time frames and as otherwise described below.

 

In addition, if the asset representations reviewer determines that it is missing any document that is required to be part of the Review Materials for such Mortgage Loan that was entered into or delivered in connection with the origination of the related Mortgage Loan and is necessary in connection with its completion of any Asset Review, the asset representations reviewer will be required to promptly, but in no event later than 10 business days after receipt of the Review Materials identified in clause (i) – (v) above, notify the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans), as applicable, of such missing documents, and request that the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, promptly, but in no event later than 10 business days after receipt of notification from the asset representations reviewer, deliver to the asset representations reviewer such missing documents to the extent in its possession. In the event any missing documents are not provided by the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, within such 10 business day period, the asset representations reviewer will be required to request such documents from the related mortgage loan seller. The mortgage loan seller will be required under the related MLPA to deliver such additional documents only to the extent in the possession of such party but in any event excluding any documents that contain information that is proprietary to the related originator or mortgage loan seller or any draft documents or privileged or internal communications.

 

The asset representations reviewer may, but is under no obligation to, consider information furnished to it by a person that is not a party to the PSA or the applicable mortgage loan seller, and will do so only if such information can be independently verified or is determined by the asset representations reviewer in its good faith discretion (“Unsolicited Information”).relevant to the Asset Review, as described below..

 

Asset Review. Upon its receipt of the Asset Review Notice and access to the Diligence File posted to the secure data room with respect to a Delinquent Loan, the asset representations reviewer, as an independent contractor, will be required to commence a review of the compliance of each Delinquent Loan with the representations and warranties related to that Delinquent Loan (such review, the “Asset Review”). An Asset Review of each Delinquent Loan will consist of the application of a set of pre-determined review procedures (the “Tests”) for each representation and warranty made by the applicable mortgage loan seller with respect to such Delinquent Loan. Once an Asset Review of a Mortgage Loan is completed, no further Asset Review will be required of or performed on that Mortgage Loan notwithstanding that such Mortgage Loan may continue to be a Delinquent Loan or become a Delinquent Loan again at the time when a new Asset Review Trigger occurs and a new Affirmative Asset Review Vote is obtained subsequent to the occurrence of such Asset Review Trigger.

 

Asset Review Standard” means the performance by the asset representations reviewer of its duties under the PSA in good faith subject to the express terms of the PSA. Except as otherwise expressly set forth in the PSA, all determinations or assumptions made by the asset representations reviewer in connection with an Asset Review are required to be made in the asset representations reviewer’s good faith discretion and judgment based on the facts and circumstances known to it at the time of such determination or assumption.

 

No Certificateholder will have the right to change the scope of the asset representations reviewer’s review, and the asset representations reviewer will not be required to review any information other than (i) the Review Materials and (ii) if applicable, Unsolicited Information.

 

The asset representations reviewer may, absent manifest error and subject to the Asset Review Standard, (i) assume, without independent investigation or verification, that the Review Materials are accurate and complete in all material respects and (ii) conclusively rely on such Review Materials.

 

The asset representations reviewer must prepare a preliminary report with respect to each delinquent loan within [__] business days after the date on which access to the secure data room is provided. In the event that the asset representations reviewer determines that the Review Materials are insufficient to complete a Test and such missing documentation is not delivered to the asset representations reviewer

 

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by the related mortgage loan seller, the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans) within [__] business days following the asset representations reviewer’s request, as described above, the asset representations reviewer will list such missing documents in a preliminary report setting forth the preliminary results of the application of the Tests and the reasons why such missing documents are necessary to complete a Test and (if the asset representations reviewer has so concluded) that the absence of such documents will be deemed to be a failure of such Test. The asset representations reviewer will be required to provide such preliminary report to the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (with respect to all Mortgage Loans) and the related mortgage loan seller. If the preliminary report indicates that any of the representations and warranties fails or is deemed to fail any Test, the related mortgage loan seller will have [__] days (the “Cure/Contest Period”) to remedy or otherwise refute the failure. Any documents provided or explanations given to support a conclusion that the representation and warranty has not failed a Test or that any missing documents in the Review Materials are not required to complete a Test will be required to be promptly delivered by the related mortgage loan seller to the asset representations reviewer.

 

The asset representations reviewer will be required, within 60 days after the date on which access to the secure data room is provided to the asset representations reviewer by the certificate administrator or within 10 days after the expiration of the Cure/Contest Period (whichever is later), to complete an Asset Review with respect to each Delinquent Loan and deliver (i) a report setting forth the asset representations reviewer’s findings and conclusions as to whether or not it has determined there is any evidence of a failure of any Test based on the Asset Review and a statement that the asset representations reviewer’s findings and conclusions set forth in such report were not influenced by any third party (an “Asset Review Report”) to each party to the PSA, the related mortgage loan seller for each Delinquent Loan and the Directing Certificateholder, and (ii) a summary of the asset representations reviewer’s conclusions included in such Asset Review Report (an “Asset Review Report Summary”) to the trustee, certificate administrator, master servicer and special servicer. The period of time by which the Asset Review Report must be completed and delivered may be extended by up to an additional 30 days, upon written notice to the parties to the PSA and the related mortgage loan seller, if the asset representations reviewer determines pursuant to the Asset Review Standard that such additional time is required due to the characteristics of the Mortgage Loans and/or the Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties. In no event will the asset representations reviewer be required to determine whether any Test failure constitutes a Material Defect, or whether the issuing entity should enforce any rights it may have against the related mortgage loan seller, which, in each such case, will be the responsibility of the Enforcing Servicer. See “—Enforcement of a Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA” below. In addition, in the event that the asset representations reviewer does not receive any documentation that it requested from the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans), the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans) or the related mortgage loan seller in sufficient time to allow the asset representations reviewer to complete its Asset Review and deliver an Asset Review Report, the asset representations reviewer will be required to prepare the Asset Review Report solely based on the documentation received by the asset representations reviewer with respect to the related Delinquent Loan, and the asset representations reviewer will have no responsibility to independently obtain any such documentation from any party to the PSA or otherwise. The PSA will require that the certificate administrator (i) include the Asset Review Report Summary in the Distribution Report on Form 10–D relating to the distribution period in which the Asset Review Report Summary was received, and (ii) post such Asset Review Report Summary to the certificate administrator’s website not later than two business days after receipt of such Asset Review Report Summary from the asset representations reviewer.

 

Eligibility of Asset Representations Reviewer

 

The asset representations reviewer will be required to represent and warrant in the PSA that it is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer. The asset representations reviewer is required to at all times be an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer.  If the asset representations reviewer ceases to be an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer, the asset representations reviewer is required to immediately notify the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the operating advisor, the certificate

 

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administrator and the Directing Certificateholder of such disqualification and immediately resign under the PSA as described under the “—Resignation of Asset Representations Reviewer” below.

 

An “Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer” is an institution that (i) has not been a special servicer, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer on a transaction for which [APPLICABLE RATING AGENCIES] has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of, one or more classes of certificates for such transaction citing servicing or other relevant concerns with the special servicer, the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer, as applicable, as the sole or material factor in such rating action, (ii) can and will make certain representations and warranties with respect to the asset representations reviewer set forth in the PSA, (iii) (and is not affiliated) with any sponsor, any mortgage loan seller, the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the Directing Certificateholder or any of their respective affiliates, (iv) has not performed (and is not affiliated with any party hired to perform) any due diligence or similar services with respect to any Mortgage Loan or any related Companion Loan prior to the Closing Date for or on behalf of any sponsor, any mortgage loan seller, any underwriter or the Directing Certificateholder or any of their respective affiliates, or have been paid any fees, compensation or other remuneration by any of them in connection with any such services and (v) that does not directly or indirectly, through one or more affiliates or otherwise, own any interest in any certificates, any Mortgage Loans, any Companion Loan or any securities backed by a Companion Loan or otherwise have any financial interest in the securitization transaction to which the PSA relates, other than in fees from its role as asset representations reviewer and except as set forth in the PSA.

 

Other Obligations of Asset Representations Reviewer

 

Subject to the Privileged Information Exception, the asset representations reviewer is required to keep confidential any Privileged Information received from any party to the PSA or any sponsor under the PSA (including, without limitation, in connection with the review of the Mortgage Loans) and not disclose such Privileged Information to any person (including Certificateholders), other than (1) to the extent expressly required by the PSA in an Asset Review Report or otherwise, to the other parties to the PSA with a notice indicating that such information is Privileged Information or (2) pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception. Each party to the PSA that receives Privileged Information from the asset representations reviewer with a notice stating that such information is Privileged Information may not disclose such Privileged Information to any person without the prior written consent of the applicable special servicer other than pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception.

 

Neither the asset representations reviewer nor any of its affiliates may make any investment in any class of certificates; provided, however, that such prohibition will not apply to (i) riskless principal transactions effected by a broker dealer affiliate of the asset representations reviewer or (ii) investments by an affiliate of the asset representations reviewer if the asset representations reviewer and such affiliate maintain policies and procedures that (A) segregate personnel involved in the activities of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA from personnel involved in such affiliate’s investment activities and (B) prevent such affiliate and its personnel from gaining access to information regarding the issuing entity and the asset representations reviewer and its personnel from gaining access to such affiliate’s information regarding its investment activities.

 

Delegation of Asset Representations Reviewer’s Duties

 

The asset representations reviewer may delegate its duties to agents or subcontractors in accordance with the PSA, however, the asset representations reviewer will remain obligated and primarily liable for any Asset Review required in accordance with the provisions of the PSA without diminution of such obligation or liability or related obligation or liability by virtue of such delegation or arrangements or by virtue of indemnification from any person acting as its agents or subcontractor to the same extent and under the same terms and conditions as if the asset representations reviewer alone were performing its obligations under the PSA.

 

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Assignment of Asset Representations Reviewer’s Rights and Obligations

 

Any person into which the asset representations reviewer may be merged or consolidated, or any person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the asset representations reviewer is a party, or any person succeeding to the business of the asset representations reviewer, will be the successor of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA, and will be deemed to have assumed all of the liabilities and obligations of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties to the PSA; provided, that the trustee has received a Rating Agency Confirmation with respect to such successor or surviving person if the asset representations reviewer is not the successor or surviving person. The rate at which the Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee (or any component thereof) is calculated will not be affected by such merger, consolidation or succession, and the asset representations reviewer will be required to be responsible for the reasonable costs and expenses of each other party to the PSA and the Rating Agencies in connection with such merger, consolidation or succession.

 

Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Events

 

The following constitute asset representations reviewer termination events under the PSA (each, an “Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event”) whether any such event is voluntary or involuntary or is effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body:

 

(i)      any failure by the asset representations reviewer to observe or perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements or the material breach of any of its representations or warranties under the PSA, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure is given to the asset representations reviewer by the trustee or to the asset representations reviewer and the trustee by the holders of certificates evidencing at least [25]% of the Voting Rights;

 

(ii)     any failure by the asset representations reviewer to perform its obligations set forth in the PSA in accordance with the Asset Review Standard in any material respect, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failures is given to the asset representations reviewer;

 

(iii)    any failure by the asset representations reviewer to be an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days;

 

(iv)     a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law for the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, has been entered against the asset representations reviewer, and such decree or order has remained in force undischarged or unstayed for a period of 60 days;

 

(v)      the asset representations reviewer consents to the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator or liquidation committee in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities, voluntary liquidation, or similar proceedings of or relating to the asset representations reviewer or of or relating to all or substantially all of its property; or

 

(vi)     the asset representations reviewer admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, files a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspends payment of its obligations.

 

Upon receipt by the certificate administrator of notice of the occurrence of any Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event, the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders electronically by posting such notice on its internet website and by mail,

 

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unless the certificate administrator has received notice that such Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event has been remedied.

 

Rights Upon Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event

 

If an Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event occurs, and in each and every such case, so long as such Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event has not been remedied, then either the trustee (i) may or (ii) upon the written direction of Certificateholders entitled to at least [25]% of the Voting Rights (without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts) will be required to, terminate all of the rights and obligations of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA, other than rights and obligations accrued prior to such termination and other than indemnification rights (arising out of events occurring prior to such termination), by written notice to the asset representations reviewer. The asset representations reviewer is required to bear all reasonable costs and expenses of each other party to the PSA in connection with its termination for cause.

 

Termination of the Asset Representations Reviewer Without Cause

 

Upon (i) the written direction of Certificateholders entitled to not less than [25]% of the Voting Rights (without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts) requesting a vote to terminate and replace the asset representations reviewer with a proposed successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer, and (ii) payment by such holders to the certificate administrator of the reasonable fees and expenses to be incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote, the certificate administrator will promptly provide notice to all Certificateholders and the asset representations reviewer of such request by posting such notice on its internet website, and by mailing to all Certificateholders and the asset representations reviewer. Upon the written direction of Certificateholders entitled to at least [75]% of the Voting Rights that constitute a minimum Certificateholder Quorum (without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts), the trustee will terminate all of the rights and obligations of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA (other than any rights or obligations that accrued prior to the date of such termination and other than indemnification rights (arising out of events occurring prior to such termination)) by written notice to the asset representations reviewer, and the proposed successor asset representations reviewer will be appointed.

 

In the event that holders of the certificates entitled to at least 75% of the Voting Rights elect to remove the asset representations reviewer without cause and appoint a successor, the successor asset representations reviewer will be responsible for all expenses necessary to effect the transfer of responsibilities from its predecessor.

 

Resignation of Asset Representations Reviewer

 

The asset representations reviewer may at any time resign by giving written notice to the other parties to the PSA. In addition, the asset representations reviewer will at all times be, and will be required to resign if it fails to be an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer by giving written notice to the other parties. Upon such notice of resignation, the depositor is required to promptly appoint a successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer. No resignation of the asset representations reviewer will be effective until a successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer has been appointed and accepted the appointment. If no successor asset representations reviewer has been so appointed and accepted the appointment within 30 days after the notice of resignation, the resigning asset representations reviewer may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer. The resigning asset representations reviewer must pay all costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

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Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation

 

Certain fees will be payable to the asset representations reviewer, and the asset representations reviewer will be entitled to be reimbursed for certain expenses, as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”.

 

[Limitation on Liability of Risk Retention Consultation Party

 

The Risk Retention Consultation Party will not be liable to the issuing entity or the Certificateholders for any action taken, or for refraining from the taking of any action, or for errors in judgment. However, the Risk Retention Consultation Party will not be protected against any liability to the holders of the VRR Interest that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of duties or by reason of reckless disregard of obligations or duties owed to the holders of the VRR Interest.

 

Each Certificateholder will acknowledge and agree, by its acceptance of its certificates, that the Risk Retention Consultation Party:

 

(i)      may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more classes of certificates;

 

(ii)      may act solely in the interests of the holders of the VRR Interest;

 

(iii)     does not have any liability or duties to the holders of any class of certificates other than the VRR Interest;

 

(iv)     may take actions that favor the interests of the holders of one or more classes including the VRR Interest over the interests of the holders of one or more other classes of certificates; and

 

(v)      will have no liability whatsoever (other than to a holder of the VRR Interest) for having so acted as set forth in (i) – (iv) above, and no Certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the Risk Retention Consultation Party or any director, officer, employee, agent or principal of the Risk Retention Consultation Party for having so acted.

 

The taking of, or refraining from taking, any action by any master servicer or any special servicer in accordance with the recommendation of the Risk Retention Consultation Party, which does not violate the terms of any Mortgage Loan, any law, the Servicing Standard or the provisions of the PSA or the related Intercreditor Agreement, will not result in any liability on the part of such master servicer or special servicer.] [INCLUDE for transactionS that satisfy risk retention requirements through RETENTION OF A VERTICAL INTEREST]

 

Replacement of Special Servicer Without Cause

 

Except as limited by certain conditions described below and subject to the rights of the holder of the related Companion Loan (or in the case of an AB Whole Loan, the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder) under the related Intercreditor Agreement, the special servicer may generally be replaced, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, at any time and without cause, by the Directing Certificateholder so long as, among other things, the Directing Certificateholder provides a replacement special servicer that meets the requirements of the PSA, including that [the trustee and the certificate administrator receive a Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency and that such replacement special servicer may not be the asset representations reviewer or any of its affiliates][the trustee provides each Rating Agency with a Rating Agency Communication]. The reasonable fees and out-of-pocket expenses of any such termination incurred by the Directing Certificateholder without cause (including the costs of [obtaining a Rating Agency Confirmation][providing a Rating Agency Communication]) will be paid by the holders of the Controlling Class.

 

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After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, upon (i) the written direction of holders of Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates evidencing not less than 25% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances) of the Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates requesting a vote to replace the special servicer with a new special servicer, (ii) payment by such holders to the certificate administrator of the reasonable fees and expenses (including any legal fees and any Rating Agency fees and expenses) to be incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote (which fees and expenses will not be additional trust fund expenses), and (iii) delivery by such holders to [the certificate administrator and the trustee of Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency (such Rating Agency Confirmation will be obtained at the expense of those holders of certificates requesting such vote)][each Rating Agency (with a copy to the certificate administrator and trustee) of a Rating Agency Communication (which such Rating Agency Communication shall be provided at the expense of those holders of certificates requesting such vote)], the certificate administrator will be required to post notice of the same on the certificate administrator’s website and concurrently by mail and conduct the solicitation of votes of all certificates in such regard, which such vote must occur within 180 days of the posting of such notice. Upon the written direction of holders of Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates evidencing at least 75% of the Voting Rights that constitute a minimum Certificateholder Quorum, the trustee will be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the special servicer under the PSA and appoint the successor special servicer (which must be a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer) designated by such Certificateholders; provided such successor special servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer, subject to indemnification, right to outstanding fees, reimbursement of Advances and other rights set forth in the PSA, which survive such termination. The certificate administrator will include on each Statement to Certificateholders a statement that each Certificateholder may access such notices via the certificate administrator’s website and that each Certificateholder may register to receive electronic mail notifications when such notices are posted thereon.

 

A “Certificateholder Quorum” means, in connection with any solicitation of votes in connection with the replacement of the special servicer described above, the holders of certificates evidencing at least 75% of the aggregate Voting Rights of all Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates on an aggregate basis (taking into account, other than with respect to the termination of the asset representations reviewer, the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of the respective Classes thereof).

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the special servicer obtains knowledge that it has become a Borrower Party with respect to any Serviced Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan (any such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, an “Excluded Special Servicer Loan”), the special servicer will be required to resign as special servicer of that Excluded Special Servicer Loan. Prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, if the applicable Excluded Special Servicer Loan is not also an Excluded DCH Loan, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to select (and may remove and replace with or without cause) a successor special servicer that is not a Borrower Party in accordance with the terms of the PSA (the “Excluded Special Servicer”) for the related Excluded Special Servicer Loan. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, if at any time the applicable Excluded Special Servicer Loan is also an Excluded DCH Loan or if the Directing Certificateholder is entitled to appoint the Excluded Special Servicer but does not so appoint within 30 days of notice of such resignation, the resigning special servicer will be required to select the related Excluded Special Servicer. The special servicer will not have any liability with respect to the actions or inactions of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer or with respect to the identity of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer and will, absent negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith, be indemnified by the issuing entity for any loss, liability or expense incurred in connection with any legal action relating to this transaction resulting solely from the identity or actions of such Excluded Special Servicer. It will be a condition to any such appointment that (i) the Rating Agencies confirm that the appointment would not result in a qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of any of their then-current ratings of the certificates and the equivalent from each NRSRO hired to provide ratings with respect to any class of securities backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, (ii) the applicable Excluded Special Servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer and (iii) the applicable Excluded Special Servicer

 

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delivers to the depositor and the certificate administrator and any applicable depositor and certificate administrator of any other securitization, if applicable, that contains a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, the information, if any, required pursuant to Item 6.02 of the Form 8-K regarding itself in its role as Excluded Special Servicer.

 

If at any time the special servicer is no longer a Borrower Party with respect to an Excluded Special Servicer Loan (including, without limitation, as a result of the related Mortgaged Property becoming REO Property), (1) the related Excluded Special Servicer will be required to resign, (2) the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan will no longer be an Excluded Special Servicer Loan, (3) the special servicer will become the special servicer again for such related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and (4) the special servicer will be entitled to all special servicing compensation with respect to such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan earned during such time on and after such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan is no longer an Excluded Special Servicer Loan.

 

The applicable Excluded Special Servicer will be required to perform all of the obligations of the special servicer for the related Excluded Special Servicer Loan and will be entitled to all special servicing compensation with respect to such Excluded Special Servicer Loan earned during such time as the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan is an Excluded Special Servicer Loan (provided that the special servicer will remain entitled to all other special servicing compensation with respect to all Mortgage Loans and Serviced Whole Loans that are not Excluded Special Servicer Loans during such time).

 

A “Qualified Replacement Special Servicer” is a replacement special servicer that [(i) satisfies all of the eligibility requirements applicable to special servicers in the PSA, (ii) is not the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or an affiliate of the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer, (iii) is not obligated to pay the operating advisor (x) any fees or otherwise compensate the operating advisor in respect of its obligations under the PSA, or (y) for the appointment of the successor special servicer or the recommendation by the operating advisor for the replacement special servicer to become the special servicer, (iv) is not entitled to receive any compensation from the operating advisor other than compensation that is not material and is unrelated to the operating advisor’s recommendation that such party be appointed as the replacement special servicer, (v) is not entitled to receive any fee from the operating advisor for its appointment as successor special servicer, in each case, unless expressly approved by 100% of the Certificateholders, [(vi) is not a special servicer that has been cited by [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] as having servicing concerns as the sole or material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in a transaction serviced by the applicable servicer prior to the time of determination, (vii) currently has a special servicer rating of at least [SPECIFIC MINIMUM RATING] from [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] and (viii) is not a special servicer that has been cited by [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] as having servicing concerns as the sole or a material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in a transaction serviced by the applicable servicer prior to the time of determination].

 

[THE FOLLOWING TWO PARAGRAPHS ARE APPLICABLE TO OFFERINGS NOT SATISFYING RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH RETENTION OF ANY ELIGIBLE HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL INTEREST:]

 

[In addition, after the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, if the operating advisor determines that the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard, the operating advisor will have the right to recommend the replacement of the special servicer. In such event, the operating advisor will be required to deliver to the trustee and the certificate administrator, with a copy to the special servicer, a written recommendation detailing the reasons supporting its position (along with relevant information justifying its recommendation) and recommending a suggested replacement special servicer (which must be a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer). The certificate administrator will be required to notify each Certificateholder of the recommendation and post it on the certificate administrator’s internet website, and to conduct the solicitation of votes with respect to such recommendation.

 

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The operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer must be confirmed by an affirmative vote of holders of Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates evidencing at least a majority of the aggregate Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the respective Certificate Balances) of all Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates on an aggregate basis. In the event the holders of such Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates elect to remove and replace the special servicer, the certificate administrator will be required to [receive a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies at that time. In the event the certificate administrator receives a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies (and the successor special servicer agrees to be bound by the terms of the PSA), the trustee will then be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the special servicer under the PSA and to appoint the successor special servicer approved by the Certificateholders, provided such successor special servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer, subject to the terminated special servicer’s rights to indemnification, payment of outstanding fees, reimbursement of Advances and other rights set forth in the PSA that survive termination][provide a Rating Agency Communication to each of the Rating Agencies at that time. After the deliverance of a Rating Agency Communication to each of the Rating Agencies (and the successor special servicer agrees to be bound by the terms of the PSA), the trustee will then be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the special servicer under the PSA and to appoint the successor special servicer approved by the Certificateholders, provided such successor special servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer, subject to the terminated special servicer’s rights to indemnification, payment of outstanding fees, reimbursement of Advances and other rights set forth in the PSA that survive termination]. The reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses of outside counsel) associated with [obtaining such Rating Agency Confirmations][providing such Rating Agency Communications] and administering the vote of the applicable holders of the Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates and the operating advisor’s identification of a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer will be an additional trust fund expense. [Notwithstanding the foregoing, the operating advisor will not be permitted to recommend the replacement of the special servicer with respect to an AB Whole Loan unless an AB Control Appraisal Period has occurred and is continuing with respect to an AB Whole Loan under the related Intercreditor Agreement.] [See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.]]

 

[THE FOLLOWING TWO PARAGRAPHS ARE APPLICABLE TO OFFERINGS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS through THE PURCHASE BY A third party purchaser of AN ELIGIBLE horizontal residual interest]

 

[In addition, if the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that (1) the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard and (2) the replacement of the special servicer would be in the best interest of the certificateholders as a collective whole, then the operating advisor will have the right to recommend the replacement of the special servicer. In such event, the operating advisor will be required to deliver to the trustee and the certificate administrator, with a copy to the special servicer, a written report detailing the reasons supporting its recommendation (along with relevant information justifying its recommendation) and recommending a suggested replacement special servicer (which must be a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer). The certificate administrator will be required to notify each Certificateholder of the recommendation and post the related report on the certificate administrator’s internet website, and to conduct the solicitation of votes with respect to such recommendation.

 

The operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer must be confirmed by an affirmative vote of holders of Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates evidencing at least a majority of a quorum of certificateholders (which, for this purpose, is the holders of certificates that (i) evidence at least 20% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the respective Certificate Balances) of all Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates on an aggregate basis, and (ii) consist of at least three Certificateholders or Certificate Owners that are not affiliated with each other). In the event the holders of such Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates elect to remove and replace the special servicer, the certificate administrator will be required to [receive a Rating Agency Confirmation from each

 

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of the Rating Agencies at that time. In the event the certificate administrator receives a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies (and the successor special servicer agrees to be bound by the terms of the PSA), the trustee will then be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the special servicer under the PSA and to appoint the successor special servicer approved by the Certificateholders, provided such successor special servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer, subject to the terminated special servicer’s rights to indemnification, payment of outstanding fees, reimbursement of Advances and other rights set forth in the PSA that survive termination][provide a Rating Agency Communication to each of the Rating Agencies at that time. After the deliverance of a Rating Agency Communication to each of the Rating Agencies (and the successor special servicer agrees to be bound by the terms of the PSA), the trustee will then be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the special servicer under the PSA and to appoint the successor special servicer approved by the Certificateholders, provided such successor special servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer, subject to the terminated special servicer’s rights to indemnification, payment of outstanding fees, reimbursement of Advances and other rights set forth in the PSA that survive termination]. The reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses associated with [obtaining such Rating Agency Confirmations][providing such Rating Agency Communications] and administering the vote of the applicable holders of the Principal Balance Certificates and Class [EC] certificates and the operating advisor’s identification of a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer will be an additional trust fund expense. [Notwithstanding the foregoing, the operating advisor will not be permitted to recommend the replacement of the special servicer with respect to an AB Whole Loan unless an AB Control Appraisal Period has occurred and is continuing with respect to an AB Whole Loan under the related Intercreditor Agreement.] [See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.]]

 

In any case, the trustee will notify the outgoing special servicer promptly of the effective date of its termination. Any replacement special servicer recommended by the operating advisor must be a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer.

 

No appointment of a special servicer will be effective until the depositor has filed any required Exchange Act filings related to the removal and replacement of the special servicer.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Certificateholders’ direction to replace the special servicer will not apply to an AB Whole Loan unless an AB Control Appraisal Period has occurred and is continuing with respect to an AB Whole Loan under the related Intercreditor Agreement. The Subordinate Companion Loan holder (or Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder in the case of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan), will have the right, prior to the occurrence and continuance of an AB Control Appraisal Period, to replace the special servicer solely with respect to an AB Whole Loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

With respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer may be removed, and a successor special servicer appointed at any time by the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder appointed under the Non-Serviced PSA (and not by the Directing Certificateholder for this transaction) to the extent set forth in the Non-Serviced PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement for such Non-Serviced Whole Loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans— The Non-Serviced Whole Loan” and “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan” below.

 

Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause

 

Servicer Termination Events

 

A “Servicer Termination Event” under the PSA with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, will include, without limitation:

 

(a) (i) any failure by the master servicer to make a required deposit to the Collection Account or remit to the companion paying agent for deposit into the related companion loan distribution account on the day and by the time such deposit or remittance was first required to be made, which failure is not remedied within one business day, or (ii) any failure by the master servicer to deposit into, or

 

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remit to the certificate administrator for deposit into, the Distribution Account any amount required to be so deposited or remitted, which failure is not remedied by 11:00 a.m. New York City time on the relevant Distribution Date;

 

(b) any failure by the special servicer to deposit into the REO Account within one business day after the day such deposit is required to be made, or to remit to the master servicer for deposit in the Collection Account, or any other account required under the PSA, any such deposit or remittance required to be made by the special servicer pursuant to, and at the time specified by, the PSA;

 

(c) any failure by the master servicer or the special servicer duly to observe or perform in any material respect any of its other covenants or obligations under the PSA, which failure continues unremedied for [30] days (or (i) with respect to any year that a report on Form 10-K is required to be filed, five business days in the case of the master servicer’s or special servicer’s, as applicable, obligations regarding Exchange Act reporting required under the PSA and compliance with Regulation AB, (ii) [15] days in the case of the master servicer’s failure to make a Servicing Advance or (iii) [15] days in the case of a failure to pay the premium for any property insurance policy required to be maintained under the PSA) after written notice of the failure has been given to the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, by any other party to the PSA, or to the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, with a copy to each other party to the related PSA, by Certificateholders entitled to not less than 25% of Voting Rights or, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, by the holder of the related Serviced Companion Loan; provided, however, that if that failure is capable of being cured and the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, is diligently pursuing that cure, that [30]-day period will be extended an additional [30] days; provided, further, however, that such extended period will not apply to the obligations regarding Exchange Act reporting;

 

(d) any breach on the part of the master servicer or the special servicer of any representation or warranty in the PSA that materially and adversely affects the interests of any class of Certificateholders or holders of any Serviced Companion Loan and that continues unremedied for a period of [30] days after the date on which notice of that breach, requiring the same to be remedied, will have been given to the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, by the depositor, the certificate administrator or the trustee, or to the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator and the trustee by Certificateholders entitled to not less than 25% of Voting Rights or, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, by the holder of the related Serviced Companion Loan; provided, however, that if that breach is capable of being cured and the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, is diligently pursuing that cure, that [30]-day period will be extended an additional [30] days;

 

(e) certain events of insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings in respect of or relating to the master servicer or the special servicer, and certain actions by or on behalf of the master servicer or the special servicer indicating its insolvency or inability to pay its obligations;

 

(f)  either of [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] or [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] (i) has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of one or more classes of certificates, or (ii) has placed one or more classes of certificates on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal (and in the case of clause (i) and (ii), such action has not been withdrawn by [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] or [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] within 60 days of such actual knowledge by the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be) and, in the case of either of clauses (i) or (ii), cited servicing concerns with the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, as the sole or a material factor in such action; or

 

(g) the master servicer or the special servicer is no longer rated at least [INSERT MINIMUM RATING] or [INSERT MINIMUM RATING], respectively, by [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] and such master servicer or special servicer is not reinstated to at least that rating within [60] days of the delisting.

 

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Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event

 

If a Servicer Termination Event occurs with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer under the PSA, then, so long as the Servicer Termination Event remains unremedied, the depositor or the trustee will be authorized to terminate, and at the written direction of (A) Certificateholders entitled to 25% of the Voting Rights, (B) the related Controlling Holder (to the extent set forth in the related Intercreditor Agreement, solely with respect to the related Serviced Whole Loan and the special servicer in respect thereof), or (C) the Directing Certificateholder (solely with respect to the special servicer and, in any event, (1) only for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, (2) subject to the DCH Limitations and (3) other than with respect to a Servicing Shift Whole Loan (unless the Directing Certificateholder is entitled to exercise the termination rights of the “Non-Controlling Note Holder” under the related Intercreditor Agreement)[ or the Risk Retention Consultation Party (solely with respect to the special servicer and other than with respect to an applicable Excluded RRCP Loan and any Servicing Shift Whole Loan)], the trustee will be required to terminate, all of the rights and obligations of the defaulting party as master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, (other than certain rights in respect of indemnification and certain items of servicing compensation), under the PSA. The trustee will then succeed to all of the responsibilities, duties and liabilities of the defaulting party as master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, under the PSA and will be entitled to similar compensation arrangements. If the trustee is unwilling or unable to so act, it may (or, at the written request of Certificateholders entitled to a majority of the Voting Rights, the related Controlling Holder (to the extent set forth in the related Intercreditor Agreement, solely with respect to the related Serviced Whole Loan and the special servicer in respect thereof), or, for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and subject to the DCH Limitations, the Directing Certificateholder, it will be required to) appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint, a mortgage loan servicing institution, subject to the trustee’s receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies and, with respect to a successor special servicer, that has been approved by the Directing Certificateholder (for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) or, with respect to a Servicing Shift Mortgage Loan, the related Controlling Holder, which approval may not be unreasonably withheld. In addition, none of the asset representations reviewer, the operating advisor or their respective affiliates may be appointed as a successor master servicer or special servicer.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the section described above, if a Servicer Termination Event on the part of the special servicer remains unremedied and affects the holder of a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, and the special servicer has not otherwise been terminated, the holder of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or, if applicable, the related trustee, acting at the direction of the related directing certificateholder (or similar entity)) will be entitled to direct the trustee to terminate the special servicer solely with respect to the related Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan. A replacement special servicer will be selected by the trustee or, prior to a Consultation Termination Event, by the Directing Certificateholder; provided, however, that any successor special servicer appointed to replace the special servicer with respect to a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan cannot at any time be the person (or an affiliate of such person) that was terminated at the direction of the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, without the prior written consent of such holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the section described above, if a servicer termination event on the part of the special servicer under the Non-Serviced PSA entered into in connection with the securitization of the Non-Serviced Companion Loan (the special servicer, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer remains unremedied and affects the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, and the Non-Serviced Special Servicer has not otherwise been terminated, the trustee, acting at the direction of the Directing Certificateholder, will be entitled to direct the Non-Serviced Trustee to terminate the Non-Serviced Special Servicer solely with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan, and a successor will be appointed in accordance with the Non-Serviced PSA.

 

In addition, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the section described above, if the master servicer receives notice of termination solely due to a Servicer Termination Event described in clauses [(f)], [(g)] or [(h)] under “—Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer

 

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Termination Events” above, and prior to being replaced as described in the second preceding paragraph, the master servicer will have 45 days after receipt of the notice of termination to find, and sell its rights and obligations to, a successor master servicer that meets the requirements of a master servicer under the PSA; provided that the Rating Agencies have each provided a Rating Agency Confirmation. The termination of the master servicer will be effective when such successor master servicer has succeeded the terminated master servicer, as successor master servicer and such successor master servicer has assumed the terminated master servicer’s servicing obligations and responsibilities under the PSA. If a successor has not entered into the PSA as successor master servicer within 45 days after notice of the termination of the master servicer, the master servicer will be replaced by the trustee as described above.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, (1) if any Servicer Termination Event on the part of the master servicer affects a Serviced Companion Loan, the related holder of a Serviced Companion Loan or the rating on any class of certificates backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Companion Loan, and if the master servicer is not otherwise terminated, or (2) if a Servicer Termination Event on the part of the master servicer affects only a Serviced Companion Loan, the related holder of a Serviced Companion Loan or the rating on any class of certificates backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Companion Loan, then the master servicer may not be terminated by or at the direction of the related holder of such Serviced Companion Loan or the holders of any certificates backed, wholly or partially, by such Serviced Companion Loan, but upon the written direction of the related holder of such Serviced Companion Loan, the master servicer will be required to appoint a sub-servicer that will be responsible for servicing the related Serviced Whole Loan.

 

Further, if replaced as a result of a Servicer Termination Event, the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, will be responsible for the costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

Waiver of Servicer Termination Event

 

The Certificateholders representing at least [___]% of the Voting Rights allocated to certificates affected by any Servicer Termination Event may waive such Servicer Termination Event within twenty (20) days of the receipt of notice from the certificate administrator of the occurrence of such Servicer Termination Event; provided, however, that a Servicer Termination Event under clause (i) of the definition of “Servicer Termination Event” may be waived only by all of the Certificateholders of the affected classes and a Servicer Termination Event under clause (c) of the definition of “Servicer Termination Event” may be waived only with the consent of the Certificateholders. Upon any such waiver of a Servicer Termination Event, such Servicer Termination Event shall cease to exist and shall be deemed to have been remedied. Upon any such waiver of a Servicer Termination Event by Certificateholders, the trustee and the certificate administrator will be entitled to recover all costs and expenses incurred by it in connection with enforcement action taken with respect to such Servicer Termination Event prior to such waiver from the issuing entity.

 

Resignation of the Master Servicer and Special Servicer

 

The PSA permits the master servicer and the special servicer to resign from their respective obligations only upon (a) the appointment of, and the acceptance of the appointment by, a successor and the providing of a Rating Agency Communication to each of the Rating Agencies; and, as to the special servicer only, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the approval of such successor by the Directing Certificateholder, which approval will not be unreasonably withheld or (b) a determination that their respective obligations are no longer permissible with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, under applicable law. In the event that the master servicer or special servicer resigns as a result of the determination that their respective obligations are no longer permissible under applicable law, the trustee will then succeed to all of the responsibilities, duties and liabilities of the defaulting party as master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, under the PSA and will be entitled to similar compensation arrangements. If the trustee is unwilling or unable to so act, it may appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint, a loan

 

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servicing institution or other entity, [subject to the trustee’s receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies.]

 

No resignation will become effective until the trustee or other successor has assumed the obligations and duties of the resigning master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, under the PSA. Further, the resigning master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, must pay all costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties. Other than as described under “—Termination of Servicer and Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events” above, in no event will the master servicer or the special servicer have the right to appoint any successor master servicer or special servicer if such master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is terminated or removed pursuant to the PSA.  In addition, the PSA will prohibit the appointment of the asset representations reviewer, the operating advisor or one of their respective affiliates as successor to the master servicer or the special servicer.

 

Limitation on Liability; Indemnification

 

The PSA will provide that none of the master servicer (including in its capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or any partner, shareholder, member, manager, director, officer, employee or agent of any of them will be under any liability to the issuing entity, Certificateholders or holders of the related Companion Loan, as applicable, for any action taken, or not taken, in good faith pursuant to the PSA or for errors in judgment; provided, however, that none of the master servicer (including in its capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or similar person will be protected against any breach of a representation or warranty made by such party, as applicable, in the PSA or any liability that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of obligations or duties under the PSA or by reason of negligent disregard of such obligations and duties. The PSA will also provide that the master servicer (including in its capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and their respective affiliates and any partner, shareholder, member, manager, director, officer, employee or agent of any of them will be entitled to indemnification by the issuing entity against any claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, reasonable legal fees and related costs, judgments, and other costs, liabilities, fees and expenses incurred in connection with any legal action or claim that relates to the PSA, the Mortgage Loans, any related Companion Loan or the certificates; provided, however, that the indemnification will not extend to any loss, liability or expense incurred in connection with any breach of a representation or warranty made by such party, as applicable, in the PSA or incurred by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of obligations or duties under the PSA, by reason of negligent disregard of such party’s obligations or duties, or in the case of the depositor and any of its partners, shareholders, directors, officers, members, managers, employees and agents, any violation by any of them of any state or federal securities law. In addition, absent actual fraud (as determined by a final non-appealable court order), neither the trustee nor the certificate administrator will be liable for special, punitive, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the trustee or the certificate administrator has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. The PSA will also provide that any related master servicer, depositor, special servicer, operating advisor (or the equivalent), asset representations reviewer or trustee under the Non-Serviced PSA with respect to the Non-Serviced Companion Loan and any partner, director, officer, shareholder, member, manager, employee or agent of any of them will be entitled to indemnification by the issuing entity and held harmless against the issuing entity’s pro rata share of any and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and related costs, judgments and any other costs, liabilities, fees and expenses incurred in connection with servicing and administration of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the non-serviced Mortgaged Property under the Non-Serviced PSA or the PSA (as and to the same extent the securitization trust formed under the Non-Serviced PSA is required to indemnify such parties in respect of other Mortgage Loans in the securitization trust formed under the Non-Serviced PSA pursuant to the terms of the Non-Serviced PSA).

 

In addition, the PSA will provide that none of the master servicer (including in its capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loans), the special servicer, the depositor or operating advisor will be

 

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under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any legal action that is not incidental to its respective responsibilities under the PSA or that in its opinion may involve it in any expense or liability not reimbursed by the issuing entity. However, each of the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor and the operating advisor will be permitted, in the exercise of its discretion, to undertake any action that it may deem necessary or desirable with respect to the enforcement and/or protection of the rights and duties of the parties to the PSA and the interests of the Certificateholders (and, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan, the rights of the Certificateholders and the holders of the related Serviced Companion Loan (as a collective whole), taking into account the subordinate or pari passu nature of such Serviced Companion Loan) under the PSA; provided, however, that if a Serviced Whole Loan and/or the holder of the related Companion Loan are involved, such expenses, costs and liabilities will be payable out of funds related to such Serviced Whole Loan in accordance with the related Intercreditor Agreement and will also be payable out of the other funds in the Collection Account if amounts on deposit with respect to such Serviced Whole Loan are insufficient therefor. If any such expenses, costs or liabilities relate to a Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, then any subsequent recovery on that Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, will be used to reimburse the issuing entity for any amounts advanced for the payment of such expenses, costs or liabilities. In that event, the legal expenses and costs of the action, and any liability resulting from the action, will be expenses, costs and liabilities of the issuing entity, and the master servicer (including in its capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loans) the special servicer, the depositor, the asset representations reviewer or the operating advisor, as the case may be, will be entitled to be reimbursed out of the Collection Account for the expenses.

 

Pursuant to the PSA, the master servicer and the special servicer will each be required to maintain a fidelity bond and errors and omissions policy or their equivalent that provides coverage against losses that may be sustained as a result of an officer’s or employee’s misappropriation of funds or errors and omissions, subject to certain limitations as to amount of coverage, deductible amounts, conditions, exclusions and exceptions permitted by the PSA. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the master servicer and the special servicer will be allowed to self-insure with respect to an errors and omission policy and a fidelity bond so long as certain conditions set forth in the PSA are met.

 

Any person into which the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor, asset representations reviewer may be merged or consolidated, or any person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer is a party, or any person succeeding to the business of the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer, will be the successor of the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer, as the case may be, under the PSA. The master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer may have other normal business relationships with the depositor or the depositor’s affiliates.

 

The trustee and the certificate administrator make no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of the PSA (other than as to it being a valid obligation of the trustee and the certificate administrator), the certificates, the Mortgage Loans, this prospectus (other than as to the accuracy of the information provided by the trustee and the certificate administrator as set forth above) or any related documents and will not be accountable for the use or application by or on behalf of the master servicer or the special servicer of any funds paid to the master servicer or any special servicer in respect of the certificates or the Mortgage Loans, or any funds deposited into or withdrawn from the Collection Account or any other account by or on behalf of the master servicer or any special servicer. The PSA provides that no provision of such agreement will be construed to relieve the trustee and the certificate administrator from liability for their own negligent action, their own negligent failure to act or their own willful misconduct or bad faith.

 

The PSA provides that neither the trustee nor the certificate administrator, as applicable, will be liable for an error of judgment made in good faith by a responsible officer of the trustee or the certificate administrator, unless it is proven that the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable, was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. In addition, neither the trustee nor the certificate administrator, as applicable, will be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of holders of certificates entitled to not less than 25% of

 

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the percentage interest of each affected class, or of the aggregate Voting Rights of the certificates, relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee and the certificate administrator, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the trustee and the certificate administrator, under the PSA (unless a higher percentage of Voting Rights is required for such action).

 

The trustee and the certificate administrator and any director, officer, employee, representative or agent of the trustee and the certificate administrator, will be entitled to indemnification by the issuing entity, to the extent of amounts held in the Collection Account, the Loan Specific [__] REMIC Distribution Account or the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account from time to time, for any loss, liability, damages, claims or unanticipated expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) arising out of or incurred by the trustee or the certificate administrator in connection with their participation in the transaction and any act or omission of the trustee or the certificate administrator relating to the exercise and performance of any of the powers and duties of the trustee and the certificate administrator (including in any capacities in which they serve, e.g., paying agent, REMIC administrator, authenticating agent, certificate custodian, certificate registrar and 17g-5 Information Provider) under the PSA. However, the indemnification will not extend to any loss, liability or expense that constitutes a specific liability imposed on the trustee or the certificate administrator pursuant to the PSA, or to any loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence on the part of the trustee or the certificate administrator in the performance of their obligations and duties under the PSA, or by reason of their negligent disregard of those obligations or duties, or as may arise from a breach of any representation or warranty of the trustee or the certificate administrator made in the PSA.

 

Enforcement of Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA

 

In the event any party to the PSA receives a request or demand from a Requesting Investor to the effect that a Mortgage Loan should be repurchased or replaced due to a Material Defect, or if such party to the PSA determines that a Mortgage Loan should be repurchased or replaced due to a Material Defect, that party to the PSA will be required to promptly forward such request or demand to the master servicer and the special servicer, and the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, will be required to promptly forward it to the applicable mortgage loan seller. The master servicer (in the case of Mortgage Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (in the case of Specially Serviced Loans) will be required to enforce the obligations of the mortgage loan sellers under the MLPAs pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the MLPAs. These obligations include obligations resulting from a Material Defect. Subject to the provisions of the applicable MLPA relating to the dispute resolutions as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement—Dispute Resolution Provisions”, such enforcement, including, without limitation, the legal prosecution of claims, if any, will be required to be carried out in accordance with the Servicing Standard.

 

Within [__] days after receipt of an Asset Review Report with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the special servicer will be required to determine, based on the Servicing Standard, whether there exists a Material Defect with respect to such Mortgage Loan. If the special servicer determines that a Material Defect exists, the special servicer will be required to enforce the obligations of the applicable mortgage loan seller under the MLPA with respect to such Material Defect as discussed in the preceding paragraph. See “—The Asset Representations Reviewer—Asset Review” above.

 

Any costs incurred by the master servicer or the special servicer with respect to the enforcement of the obligations of a mortgage loan seller under the applicable MLPA will be deemed to be Servicing Advances, to the extent not recovered from the mortgage loan seller or the Requesting Investor. See “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement—Dispute Resolution Provision”.

 

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Dispute Resolution Provisions

 

Certificateholder’s Rights When a Repurchase Request is Initially Delivered by a Certificateholder

 

In the event an Initial Requesting Certificateholder delivers a written request to a party to the PSA that a Mortgage Loan be repurchased by the applicable mortgage loan seller alleging the existence of a Material Defect with respect to such Mortgage Loan and setting forth the basis for such allegation (a “Certificateholder Repurchase Request”), the receiving party will be required to promptly forward that Certificateholder Repurchase Request to the master servicer and the special servicer, and the Enforcing Servicer will be required to promptly forward it to the applicable mortgage loan seller and each other party to the PSA. An “Initial Requesting Certificateholder” is the first Certificateholder or Certificate Owner to deliver a Certificateholder Repurchase Request as described above with respect to a Mortgage Loan, and there may not be more than one Initial Requesting Certificateholder with respect to any Mortgage Loan.  Subject to the provisions described below under this heading “—Dispute Resolution Provisions”, the “Enforcing Servicer” will be the Enforcing Party with respect to the Repurchase Request.

 

An “Enforcing Party” is the person obligated to or that elects pursuant to the terms of the PSA to enforce the rights of the issuing entity against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to a Repurchase Request.

 

Repurchase Request Delivered by a Party to the PSA

 

In the event that the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor (solely in its capacity as operating advisor) or the directing certificateholder has knowledge of a Material Defect with respect to a Mortgage Loan, that party will be required to deliver prompt written notice of such Material Defect to each other party to the PSA and the applicable mortgage loan seller, identifying the applicable Mortgage Loan and setting forth the basis for such allegation (a “PSA Party Repurchase Request” and, each of a Certificateholder Repurchase Request or a PSA Party Repurchase Request, a “Repurchase Request”), and the Enforcing Servicer will be required to promptly send the PSA Party Repurchase Request to the related mortgage loan seller. The Enforcing Servicer will be required to act as the Enforcing Party and enforce the rights of the issuing entity against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the PSA Party Repurchase Request. However, if a Resolution Failure occurs with respect to the PSA Party Repurchase Request, the provisions described below under “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will apply.

 

In the event the Repurchase Request is not Resolved within 180 days after the mortgage loan seller receives the Repurchase Request (a “Resolution Failure”), then the provisions described below under “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will apply. Receipt of the Repurchase Request will be deemed to occur 2 business days after the Repurchase Request is sent to the related mortgage loan seller. A Resolved Repurchase Request will not preclude the special servicer (in the case of all Mortgage Loans) from exercising any of its rights related to a Material Defect in the manner and timing otherwise set forth in the PSA, in the related MLPA or as provided by law. “Resolved” means, with respect to a Repurchase Request, (i) that the related Material Defect has been cured, (ii) the related Mortgage Loan has been repurchased in accordance with the related MLPA, (iii) a mortgage loan has been substituted for the related Mortgage Loan in accordance with the related MLPA, (iv) the applicable mortgage loan seller has made a Loss of Value Payment, (v) a contractually binding agreement is entered into between the Enforcing Servicer, on behalf of the issuing entity, and the related mortgage loan seller that settles the related mortgage loan seller’s obligations under the related MLPA or (vi) the related Mortgage Loan is no longer property of the issuing entity as a result of a sale or other disposition in accordance with the PSA.

 

Resolution of a Repurchase Request 

 

After a Resolution Failure occurs with respect to a Repurchase Request regarding a Mortgage Loan (whether the Repurchase Request was initiated by an Initial Requesting Certificateholder or by a party to the PSA), the Enforcing Servicer will be required to send a notice (a “Proposed Course of Action Notice”)

 

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to the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, to the address specified in the Initial Requesting Certificateholder’s Repurchase Request, and to the certificate administrator who will make such notice available to all other Certificateholders and Certificate Owners (by posting such notice on the certificate administrator’s website) indicating the Enforcing Servicer’s intended course of action with respect to the Repurchase Request (the “Proposed Course of Action”).  Such notice will be required to include (a) a request to Certificateholders to indicate their agreement with or dissent from such Proposed Course of Action, by clearly marking “agree” or “disagree” to the Proposed Course of Action on such notice within 30 days of the date of such notice and a disclaimer that responses received after such 30-day period will not be taken into consideration, (b) a statement that in the event any Certificateholder disagrees with the Proposed Course of Action, the Enforcing Servicer will be compelled to follow (either as the Enforcing Party or as the Enforcing Servicer in circumstances where a Certificateholder is acting as the Enforcing Party) the course of action agreed to and/or proposed by the majority of the responding Certificateholders that involves referring the matter to mediation or arbitration, as the case may be, (c) a statement that the responding Certificateholders will be required to certify their holdings in connection with such response, (d) a statement that only responses clearly marked “agree” or “disagree” with such Proposed Course of Action will be taken into consideration and (e) instructions for the responding Certificateholders to send their responses to the applicable Enforcing Servicer and the certificate administrator. The certificate administrator will, within three (3) business days after the expiration of the 30-day response period, tabulate the responses received from the Certificateholders and share the results with the Enforcing Servicer. The certificate administrator will only count responses timely received and clearly indicating agreement or dissent with the related Proposed Course of Action and additional verbiage or qualifying language will not be taken into consideration for purposes of determining whether the related Certificateholder agrees or disagrees with the Proposed Course of Action. The certificate administrator will be under no obligation to answer any questions from the Certificateholders regarding such Proposed Course of Action. For the avoidance of doubt, the certificate administrator’s obligations in connection with this heading “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will be limited solely to tabulating the Certificateholders’ responses of “agree” or “disagree” to the Proposed Course of Action, and such obligation will not be construed to impose any enforcement obligation on the certificate administrator. The Enforcing Servicer may conclusively rely (without investigation) on the certificate administrator’s tabulation of the majority of the responding Certificateholders. If (a) the Enforcing Servicer’s intended course of action with respect to the Repurchase Request does not involve pursuing further action to exercise rights against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the Repurchase Request and the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner wishes to exercise its right to refer the matter to mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration, as discussed below under “—Mediation and Arbitration Provisions”, or (b) the Enforcing Servicer’s intended course of action is to pursue further action to exercise rights against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the Repurchase Request but the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner does not agree with the dispute resolution method selected by the Enforcing Servicer, then the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or such other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner may deliver to the Enforcing Servicer a written notice (a “Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice”) within [30] days from the date the Proposed Course of Action Notice is posted on the certificate administrator’s website (the “Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date”) indicating its intent to exercise its right to refer the matter to either mediation or arbitration. In the event any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner delivers a Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice, and the Enforcing Servicer has also received responses from other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners supporting the Enforcing Servicer’s initial Proposed Course of Action, such responses will be considered Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notices supporting the Proposed Course of Action for purposes of determining the course of action approved by Requesting Certificateholders entitled to a majority of the Voting Rights to which all of the Requesting Certificateholders are entitled.

 

If neither the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, nor any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner delivers a Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice prior to the Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date, no Certificateholder or Certificate Owner will have the right to refer the Repurchase Request to mediation or arbitration, and the Enforcing Servicer, as the Enforcing Party, will be the sole party entitled to determine a course of action, including, but not limited to, enforcing the issuing entity’s rights against

 

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the related mortgage loan seller, subject to any consent or consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder.

 

Promptly and in any event within [__] business days following receipt of a Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice from (i) the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or (ii) any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner (each of clauses (i) and (ii), a “Requesting Certificateholder”), the Enforcing Servicer will be required to consult with each Requesting Certificateholder regarding such Requesting Certificateholder’s intention to elect either mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration as the dispute resolution method with respect to the Repurchase Request (the “Dispute Resolution Consultation”) so that such Requesting Certificateholder may consider the views of the Enforcing Servicer as to the claims underlying the Repurchase Request and possible dispute resolution methods, such discussions to occur and be completed no later than [__] business days following the Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date. The Enforcing Servicer will be entitled to establish procedures the Enforcing Servicer deems in good faith to be appropriate relating to the timing and extent of such consultations. No later than [__] business days after completion of the Dispute Resolution Consultation, a Requesting Certificateholder may provide a final notice to the Enforcing Servicer indicating its decision to exercise its right to refer the matter to either mediation or arbitration (“Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice”).

 

If, following the Dispute Resolution Consultation, no Requesting Certificateholder timely delivers a Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice to the Enforcing Servicer, then the Enforcing Servicer will continue to act as the Enforcing Party and remain obligated under the PSA to determine a course of action, including, but not limited to, enforcing the rights of the issuing entity with respect to the Repurchase Request and no Certificateholder or Certificate Owner will have any further right to elect to refer the matter to mediation or arbitration.

 

If a Requesting Certificateholder timely delivers a Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice to the Enforcing Servicer, then such Requesting Certificateholder will become the Enforcing Party and must promptly submit the matter to mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration. If multiple Requesting Certificateholders timely deliver a Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice, then such Requesting Certificateholders will collectively become the Enforcing Party, and the holder or holders of a majority of the Voting Rights among such Requesting Certificateholders will be entitled to make all decisions relating to such mediation or arbitration (including whether to refer the matter to mediation (including non-binding arbitration) or arbitration). If, however, no Requesting Certificateholder commences arbitration or mediation pursuant to the terms of the PSA within [30] days after delivery of its Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice to the Enforcing Servicer, then (i) the rights of a Requesting Certificateholder to act as the Enforcing Party will terminate and no Certificateholder or Certificate Owner will have any further right to elect to refer the matter to mediation or arbitration, (ii) if the Proposed Course of Action Notice indicated that the Enforcing Servicer will take no further action with respect to the Repurchase Request, then the related Material Defect will be deemed waived for all purposes under the PSA and related MLPA; provided, that such Material Defect will not be deemed waived with respect to a Requesting Certificateholder, any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner or the Enforcing Servicer to the extent there is a material change in the facts and circumstances known to such party at the time when the Proposed Course of Action Notice was delivered to the Enforcing Servicer and (iii) if the Proposed Course of Action Notice had indicated a course of action other than the course of action under clause (ii), then the Enforcing Servicer will again become the Enforcing Party and, as such, will be the sole party entitled to enforce the issuing entity’s rights against the related mortgage loan seller.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the dispute resolution provisions described under this heading “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will not apply, and the Enforcing Servicer will remain the Enforcing Party, if the Enforcing Servicer has commenced litigation with respect to the Repurchase Request, or determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that it is in the best interest of Certificateholders to commence litigation with respect to the Repurchase Request to avoid the running of any applicable statute of limitations.

 

In the event a Requesting Certificateholder becomes the Enforcing Party, the Enforcing Servicer, on behalf of the issuing entity, will remain a party to any proceedings against the related mortgage loan seller

 

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as further described below. For the avoidance of doubt, the depositor, the mortgage loan sellers and any of their respective affiliates (other than any Controlling Class Certificateholder) will not be entitled to be an Initial Requesting Certificateholder or a Requesting Certificateholder.

 

The Requesting Certificateholder is entitled to elect either mediation or arbitration in its sole discretion; however, the Requesting Certificateholder may not elect to then utilize the alternative method in the event that the initial method is unsuccessful.

 

Mediation and Arbitration Provisions 

 

If the Enforcing Party elects mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration, the mediation or arbitration will be administered by a nationally recognized arbitration or mediation organization selected by the related mortgage loan seller. A single mediator or arbitrator will be selected by the mediation or arbitration organization from a list of neutrals maintained by it according to its mediation or arbitration rules then in effect. The mediator or arbitrator must be impartial, an attorney admitted to practice in the State of New York and have at least [_] years of experience in commercial litigation and, if possible, commercial real estate finance or commercial mortgage-backed securitization matters.

 

The expenses of any mediation will be allocated among the parties to the mediation, including, if applicable, between the Enforcing Party and Enforcing Servicer, as mutually agreed by the parties as part of the mediation.

 

In any arbitration, the arbitrator will be required to resolve the dispute in accordance with the MLPA and PSA, and may not modify or change those agreements in any way or award remedies not consistent with those agreements. The arbitrator will not have the power to award punitive or consequential damages. In its final determination, the arbitrator will determine and award the costs of the arbitration to the parties to the arbitration in its reasonable discretion. In the event a Requesting Certificateholder is the Enforcing Party, the Requesting Certificateholder will be required to pay any expenses allocated to the Enforcing Party in the arbitration proceedings or any expenses that the Enforcing Party agrees to bear in the mediation proceedings.

 

The final determination of the arbitrator will be final and non-appealable, except for actions to confirm or vacate the determination permitted under federal or state law, and may be entered and enforced in any court with jurisdiction over the parties and the matter. By selecting arbitration, the Enforcing Party would be waiving its right to sue in court, including the right to a trial by jury.

 

In the event a Requesting Certificateholder is the Enforcing Party, the agreement with the arbitrator or mediator, as the case may be, will be required under the PSA to contain an acknowledgment that the Enforcing Servicer on behalf of the issuing entity will be a party to any arbitration or mediation proceedings solely for the purpose of being the beneficiary of any award in favor of the Enforcing Party; provided that the degree and extent to which the Enforcing Servicer actively prepares for and participates in such proceeding will be determined by such Enforcing Servicer in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (provided that no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing), and in accordance with the Servicing Standard. All amounts recovered by the Enforcing Party will be required to be paid to the issuing entity, or the Enforcing Servicer on its behalf, and deposited in the Collection Account. The agreement with the arbitrator or mediator, as the case may be, will provide that in the event a Requesting Certificateholder is allocated any related costs and expenses pursuant to the terms of the arbitrator’s decision or the agreement reached in mediation, neither the issuing entity nor the Enforcing Servicer acting on its behalf will be responsible for any such costs and expenses allocated to the Requesting Certificateholder.

 

The issuing entity (or the Enforcing Servicer or the trustee, acting on its behalf), the depositor or any mortgage loan seller will be permitted to redact any personally identifiable customer information included in any information provided for purposes of any mediation or arbitration. Each party to the proceedings will be required to agree to keep confidential the details related to the Repurchase Request and the dispute resolution identified in connection with such proceedings; provided, the Certificateholders will be

 

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permitted to communicate prior to the commencement of any such proceedings to the extent described under “Description of the Certificates—Certificateholder Communication”.

 

For avoidance of doubt, in no event will the exercise of any right of a Requesting Certificateholder to refer a Repurchase Request to mediation or arbitration or participation in such mediation or arbitration affect in any manner the ability of the special servicer to perform its obligations with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan (including without limitation, a liquidation, foreclosure, negotiation of a loan modification or workout, acceptance of a discounted pay off or deed in lieu of foreclosure, or bankruptcy or other litigation) or the exercise of any rights of a Directing Certificateholder.

 

Any expenses required to be borne by or allocated to the Enforcing Servicer in mediation or arbitration or related responsibilities under the PSA will be reimbursable as additional trust fund expenses.

 

Litigation Control

 

The special servicer will be responsible for conducting or managing certain litigation related to the Mortgage Loans (including with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) as and to the extent set forth in the PSA.

 

Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan

 

[THE DISCLOSURE IN THIS SUBSECTION WILL BE MODIFIED FOR EACH NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOAN INCLUDED IN THE ISSUING ENTITY BASED ON THE TERMS OF THE RELATED NON-SERVICED PSA.]

 

The Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and any related REO Properties are being serviced and administered under the Non-Serviced PSA. Accordingly, the Non-Serviced Master Servicer (or, if it fails to do so, the Non-Serviced Trustee) will (and, in certain urgent or emergency situations, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer may) generally make servicing advances, unless it is determined in accordance with the Non-Serviced PSA that such servicing advance would not be recoverable from related collections. However, no such party will make a P&I advance with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. The Non-Serviced Master Servicer will generally also remit collections on the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan to or on behalf of the issuing entity for this securitization. However, the master servicer for this securitization will generally be obligated to compile reports that include information on the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, and, to the extent required by the Servicing Standard, to enforce the rights of the issuing entity as the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan under the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement and make P&I Advances with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, subject to any non-recoverability determination. The Non-Serviced PSA and the PSA both address similar servicing matters, including, but not limited to: collection of payments; establishment of accounts to hold such payments; investment of funds in those accounts; maintenance of insurance coverage on the mortgaged properties; enforcement of due-on-sale and due-on-encumbrance provisions; property inspections; collection of operating statements; loan assumptions; realization upon and sale of defaulted Mortgage Loans; acquisition, operation, maintenance and disposition of REO Properties; servicing compensation; modifications, waivers, amendments and consents with respect to the serviced Mortgage Loans; servicing reports; servicer liability and indemnification; servicer resignation; servicer termination events; and the ability of certain parties to terminate a particular servicer in connection with a servicer termination event or otherwise. In addition, the securitization transaction governing the servicing of the Non-Serviced Whole Loan is a rated commercial mortgage-backed securitization transaction with the same rating agencies as this securitization transaction. Nonetheless, the servicing arrangements under the Non-Serviced PSA differ in certain respects from the servicing arrangements under the PSA. For example, the provisions of the Non-Serviced PSA and the PSA differ with respect to, among other things, time periods and timing matters, terminology, allocation of duties between multiple servicers and other service providers, the specifics of particular servicer termination events, notices to and communications with applicable rating agencies and rating confirmation requirements. Below are certain matters regarding the servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan for your consideration:

 

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The master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the trustee under the PSA will have no obligation or authority to (a) supervise the Non-Serviced Master Servicer, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, or any of the trustee, certificate administrator or operating advisor under the Non-Serviced PSA or (b) make Servicing Advances with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. The obligation of the master servicer for this securitization to provide information and collections and make P&I Advances to the certificate administrator for the benefit of the Certificateholders with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is dependent on its receipt of the corresponding information and/or collections from the Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the Non-Serviced Special Servicer.

 

 

Any advances made by the Non-Serviced Master Servicer and the Non-Serviced Trustee in respect of a monthly payment on the Non-Serviced Companion Loan may only be reimbursed out of future payments and collections on the Non-Serviced Companion Loan or, as and to the extent permitted under the Non-Serviced PSA, on other loans included in the Non-Serviced Securitization Trust but not out of payments or other collections on the Mortgage Loans.

 

 

Pursuant to the Non-Serviced PSA, the liquidation fee, the special servicing fee and the workout fee with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be generally similar to the corresponding fee payable under the PSA.

 

 

The master servicer for this securitization will be required to make P&I Advances with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, unless it has determined that such Advance would not be recoverable from collections on the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan.

 

 

The Non-Serviced Master Servicer is obligated to make servicing advances with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan. If the Non-Serviced Master Servicer determines that a servicing advance it made with respect to the Non-Serviced Whole Loan or the related Mortgaged Property is nonrecoverable, it will be entitled to be reimbursed first from collections on, and proceeds of, the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the Non-Serviced Companion Loan, on a pro rata basis (based on each such loan’s outstanding principal balance), and then from general collections on the mortgage loans in the Non-Serviced Securitization Trust.

 

 

With respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any control event under the Non-Serviced PSA, the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder will have the right to terminate the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, with or without cause, and appoint itself or an affiliate or another person as the successor Non-Serviced Special Servicer.

 

 

In addition, with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, after the occurrence and during the continuance of any control termination event under the Non-Serviced PSA, at the written direction of holders of principal balance certificates under the Non-Serviced PSA evidencing not less than 25% of the voting rights of such certificates (taking into account the application of any appraisal reduction amounts to notionally reduce the certificate balances of those certificates), a request can be made to vote to terminate the Non-Serviced Special Servicer and appoint a successor Non-Serviced Special Servicer.

 

 

In addition, with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, following the occurrence of a consultation termination event under the Non-Serviced PSA, if the operating advisor under the Non-Serviced PSA determines that the Non-Serviced Special Servicer is not performing its duties under the Non-Serviced PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the related servicing standard, the operating advisor under the Non-Serviced PSA will have the right to recommend the replacement of the Non-Serviced Special Servicer.

 

 

If the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan becomes a defaulted mortgage loan, then (subject to, in each case if and when applicable, the consent/consultation rights of the Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder, the consultation rights of the issuing entity) the Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be required to take one of the following actions in response: (i) foreclose upon or otherwise

 

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comparably convert ownership of the related Mortgaged Properties; (ii) negotiate a workout with the related borrower; or (iii) sell the Non-Serviced Whole Loan in its entirety. The issuing entity, as the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, will have the right to consent to a sale of a defaulted Mortgage loan in the event that the Non-Serviced Special Servicer fails to provide certain notices and information regarding such sale in accordance with the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement.  See “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties” above and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Whole Loan—Sale of Defaulted Loan”.

 

 

With respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the servicing provisions relating to performing inspections and collecting operating information are substantially similar to those of the PSA.

 

 

The Non-Serviced Master Servicer and Non-Serviced Special Servicer (a) have substantially similar rights related to resignation and (b) are subject to servicer termination events substantially similar to those in the PSA.

 

Rating Agency Confirmations

 

The PSA will provide that, notwithstanding the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents or other provisions of the PSA, if any action under such Mortgage Loan documents or the PSA requires a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies as a condition precedent to such action, if the party (the “Requesting Party”) required to obtain such Rating Agency Confirmations has made a request to any Rating Agency for such Rating Agency Confirmation and, within 10 business days of such request being posted to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website, such Rating Agency has not replied to such request or has responded in a manner that indicates that such Rating Agency is neither reviewing such request nor waiving the requirement for Rating Agency Confirmation, then such Requesting Party will be required to confirm (through direct communication and not by posting any confirmation on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) that the applicable Rating Agency has received the Rating Agency Confirmation request, and, if it has, promptly request the related Rating Agency Confirmation again. The circumstances described in the preceding sentence are referred to in this prospectus as a “RAC No-Response Scenario”.

 

If there is no response to either such Rating Agency Confirmation request within 5 business days of such second request in a RAC No-Response Scenario or if such Rating Agency has responded in a manner that indicates such Rating Agency is neither reviewing such request nor waiving the requirement for Rating Agency Confirmation, then (x) with respect to any condition in any Mortgage Loan document requiring such Rating Agency Confirmation, or with respect to any other matter under the PSA relating to the servicing of the Mortgage Loans (other than as set forth in clause (y) below), the requirement to obtain a Rating Agency Confirmation will be deemed not to apply (as if such requirement did not exist) with respect to such Rating Agency, and the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, may then take such action if the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, confirms its original determination (made prior to making such request) that taking the action with respect to which it requested the Rating Agency Confirmation would still be consistent with the Servicing Standard, and (y) with respect to a replacement of the master servicer or special servicer, such condition will be deemed not to apply (as if such requirement did not exist) if (i) [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] has not cited servicing concerns of the applicable replacement as the sole or material factor in such rating action or any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in a transaction serviced by the applicable master servicer or special servicer prior to the time of determination, if [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] is the non-responding Rating Agency, (ii) the applicable replacement master servicer or special servicer is rated at least “[INSERT MINIMUM RATING]” (in the case of the master servicer) or “[INSERT MINIMUM RATING]” (in the case of the special servicer), if [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] is the non-responding Rating Agency or (iii) [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] has not cited servicing concerns of the applicable replacement master servicer or special servicer as the sole or material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in any other commercial mortgage-backed securitization

 

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transaction serviced by the applicable master servicer or special servicer prior to the time of determination, if [NAME OF RATING AGENCY] is the non-responding Rating Agency. Promptly following the master servicer’s or special servicer’s determination to take any action discussed above following any requirement to obtain Rating Agency Confirmation being deemed not to apply (as if such requirement did not exist) as described in clause (x) above, the master servicer or special servicer will be required to provide electronic written notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider, who will promptly post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website pursuant to the PSA, of the action taken.

 

For all other matters or actions not specifically discussed above as to which a Rating Agency Confirmation is required, the applicable Requesting Party will be required to obtain a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies. In the event an action otherwise requires a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies, in absence of such Rating Agency Confirmation, we cannot assure you that any Rating Agency will not downgrade, qualify or withdraw its ratings as a result of any such action taken by the master servicer or the special servicer in accordance with the procedures discussed above.

 

As used above, “Rating Agency Confirmation” means, with respect to any matter, confirmation in writing (which may be in electronic form) by each applicable Rating Agency that a proposed action, failure to act or other event specified in this prospectus will not in and of itself result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current rating assigned to any class of certificates (if then rated by the Rating Agency); provided that a written waiver or acknowledgment from the Rating Agency indicating its decision not to review the matter for which the Rating Agency Confirmation is sought will be deemed to satisfy the requirement for the Rating Agency Confirmation from the Rating Agency with respect to such matter. At any time during which no certificates are rated by a Rating Agency, a Rating Agency Confirmation will not be required from that Rating Agency. The “Rating Agencies” mean [_________].

 

Any Rating Agency Confirmation requests made by the master servicer, special servicer, certificate administrator, or trustee, as applicable, pursuant to the PSA, will be required to be made in writing, which writing must contain a cover page indicating the nature of the Rating Agency Confirmation request, and must contain all back-up material necessary for the Rating Agency to process such request. Such written Rating Agency Confirmation requests must be provided in electronic format to the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will be required to post such request on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in accordance with the PSA).

 

The master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the trustee will be permitted (but not obligated) to orally communicate with the Rating Agencies regarding any of the Mortgage Loan documents or any matter related to the Mortgage Loans, the related Mortgaged Properties, the related borrowers or any other matters relating to the PSA or any related Intercreditor Agreement; provided that such party summarizes the information provided to the Rating Agencies in such communication in writing and provides the 17g-5 Information Provider with such written summary the same day such communication takes place; provided, further, that the summary of such oral communications will not identify with which Rating Agency the communication was. The 17g-5 Information Provider will be required to post such written summary on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in accordance with the provisions of the PSA. All other information required to be delivered to the Rating Agencies pursuant to the PSA or requested by the Rating Agencies, will first be provided in electronic format to the 17g-5 Information Provider, who will be required to post such information to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in accordance with the PSA, and thereafter be delivered by the applicable party to the Rating Agencies in accordance with the delivery instructions set forth in the PSA. The operating advisor will have no obligation or authority to communicate directly with the Rating Agencies, but may deliver required information to the Rating Agencies to the extent set forth in this prospectus.

 

The PSA will provide that the PSA may be amended to change the procedures regarding compliance with Rule 17g-5 without any Certificateholder consent; provided that notice of any such amendment must be provided to the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) and to the certificate administrator (which will post such report to the certificate administrator’s website).

 

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To the extent required under the PSA, in the event a rating agency confirmation is required by the applicable rating agencies that any action under any Mortgage Loan documents or the PSA will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of any such rating agency’s then-current ratings of any securities related to a Companion Loan, then such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as described above with respect to any Rating Agency Confirmation from a Rating Agency.

 

Certain actions under the PSA that do not require a Rating Agency Confirmation may nevertheless require the delivery of a Rating Agency Communication.

 

Rating Agency Communication” means, with respect to any action, any written communication intended for a Rating Agency relating to such action, which shall be delivered at least ten (10) Business Days prior to completing such action, in electronic document format suitable for website posting to the 17g-5 Information Provider (which will be required to post such request on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s Website in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement).

 

17g-5 Information Provider’s Website” means the internet website of the 17g-5 Information Provider, initially located at www.ctslink.com under the “NRSRO” tab of the respective transaction, access to which is limited to the Rating Agencies and other NRSROs who have provided the certificate administrator a certificate either stating that it is either a Rating Agency or providing the required certifications pursuant to Rule 17g-5(e) under the Exchange Act.

 

Any information required to be delivered to the Rating Agencies pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or requested by the Rating Agencies in connection with the Certificates or the mortgage loans, will first be provided to the 17g-5 Information Provider in electronic format (which will be required to post such information to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s Website in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement), and thereafter be delivered by the applicable party to the Rating Agencies in accordance with the delivery instructions set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. No party will have authority to communicate directly with the Rating Agencies regarding any of the mortgage loan documents or any matter related to the mortgage loans, the related mortgaged properties, the related borrowers or any other matters in connection with the Certificates or pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, without the consent of the depositor.

 

Evidence as to Compliance

 

Each of the master servicer, the special servicer (regardless of whether the special servicer has commenced special servicing of a Mortgage Loan), [the custodian, the trustee (provided, however, that the trustee will not be required to deliver an assessment of compliance with respect to any period during which there was no relevant servicing criteria applicable to it)] and the certificate administrator will be required to furnish (and each such party will be required, with respect to each servicing function participant with which it has entered into a servicing relationship with respect to the Mortgage Loans, to cause (or, in the case of a sub-servicer that a mortgage loan seller requires the master servicer to retain, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause) such servicing function participant to furnish) to the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee and the 17g-5 Information Provider, an officer’s certificate of the officer responsible for the servicing activities of such party stating, among other things, that (i) a review of that party’s activities during the preceding calendar year or portion of that year and of performance under the PSA or any sub-servicing agreement in the case of an additional master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, has been made under such officer’s supervision and (ii) to the best of such officer’s knowledge, based on the review, such party has fulfilled all of its obligations under the PSA or the sub-servicing agreement in the case of an additional master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in all material respects throughout the preceding calendar year or portion of such year, or, if there has been a failure to fulfill any such obligation in any material respect, specifying each such failure known to such officer and the nature and status of the failure.

 

In addition, each of the master servicer, the special servicer (regardless of whether the special servicer has commenced special servicing of any Mortgage Loan), the trustee (provided, however, that the trustee will not be required to deliver an assessment of compliance with respect to any period during

 

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which there was no relevant servicing criteria applicable to it), the custodian, the certificate administrator and the operating advisor, each at its own expense, will be required to furnish (and each such party will be required, with respect to each servicing function participant with which it has entered into a servicing relationship with respect to the Mortgage Loans, to cause (or, in the case of a sub-servicer that a mortgage loan seller requires the master servicer to retain, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause) such servicing function participant to furnish) to the trustee, the certificate administrator, the 17g-5 Information Provider and the depositor (and, with respect to the special servicer, also to the operating advisor) a report (an “Assessment of Compliance”) assessing compliance by that party with the servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB (as described below) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) that contains the following:

 

 

a statement of the party’s responsibility for assessing compliance with the servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122 of Regulation AB applicable to it;

 

 

a statement that the party used the criteria in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB to assess compliance with the applicable servicing criteria;

 

 

the party’s assessment of compliance with the applicable servicing criteria during and as of the end of the fiscal year, covered by the Form 10-K required to be filed pursuant to the PSA setting forth any material instance of noncompliance identified by the party, a discussion of each such failure and the nature and status of such failure; and

 

 

a statement that a registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report (an “Attestation Report”) on the party’s assessment of compliance with the applicable servicing criteria during and as of the end of the prior fiscal year.

 

Each party that is required to deliver an Assessment of Compliance will also be required to simultaneously deliver an Attestation Report of a registered public accounting firm, prepared in accordance with the standards for attestation engagements issued or adopted by the public company accounting oversight board, that expresses an opinion, or states that an opinion cannot be expressed (and the reasons for this), concerning the party’s assessment of compliance with the applicable servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB.

 

With respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, each of the Non-Serviced Master Servicer, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, the [Non-Serviced Trustee] and the Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator will have obligations under the related Non-Serviced PSA similar to those described above.

 

Regulation AB” means subpart 229.1100 – Asset Backed Securities (Regulation AB), 17 C.F.R. §§229.1100–229.1125, as such may be amended from time to time, and subject to such clarification and interpretation as have been provided by the SEC or by the staff of the SEC, or as may be provided by the SEC or its staff from time to time.

 

Limitation on Rights of Certificateholders to Institute a Proceeding

 

No Certificateholder will have any right under the PSA to institute any proceeding with respect to the PSA or with respect to the certificates, unless the holder previously has given to the trustee and the certificate administrator written notice of default and the continuance of the default and unless the holders of certificates of any class evidencing not less than 25% of the aggregate Percentage Interests constituting the class have made written request upon the trustee to institute a proceeding in its own name (as trustee) and have offered to the trustee reasonable indemnity satisfactory to it, and the trustee for 60 days after receipt of the request and indemnity has neglected or refused to institute the proceeding. However, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of the trusts or powers vested in it by the PSA or the certificates or to institute, conduct or defend any related litigation at the request, order or direction of any of the Certificateholders, unless the Certificateholders have offered to the trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred as a result.

 

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Termination; Retirement of Certificates

 

The obligations created by the PSA will terminate upon payment (or provision for payment) to all Certificateholders of all amounts held by the certificate administrator on behalf of the trustee and required to be paid on the Distribution Date following the earlier of (1) the final payment (or related Advance) or other liquidation of the last Mortgage Loan, Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and REO Property (as applicable) subject to the PSA, (2) the voluntary exchange of all the then-outstanding certificates (other than the Class [ARD], [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] and Class R certificates) for the Mortgage Loans remaining in the issuing entity (provided, however, that (a) the [APPLICABLE CLASSES] certificates are no longer outstanding, (b) there is only one holder (or multiple holders acting unanimously) of the then-outstanding certificates (other than the Class [ARD], [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] and Class R certificates) and (c) such exchanging party pays to the master servicer an amount equal to (x) the product of (I) the Prime Rate, (II) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the then-outstanding Principal Balance Certificates as of the date of such exchange and (III) three, divided by (y) 360)) or (3) the purchase or other liquidation of all of the assets of the issuing entity (other than the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan) as described below by the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates, in that order of priority. Written notice of termination of the PSA will be given by the certificate administrator to each Certificateholder, the Loan Specific Directing Certificateholders and the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will promptly post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website). The final distribution will be made only upon surrender and cancellation of the certificates at the office of the certificate registrar or other location specified in the notice of termination.

 

The holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer and the holders of the Class R certificates (in that order) will have the right to purchase all of the assets of the issuing entity (other than the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan). This purchase of all the Mortgage Loans and other assets in the issuing entity (other than the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan) is required to be made at a price equal to (a) the sum of (1) the aggregate Purchase Price of all the Mortgage Loans (exclusive of REO Loans) then included in the issuing entity, (2) the appraised value of the issuing entity’s portion of all REO Properties then included in the issuing entity (which fair market value for any REO Property may be less than the Purchase Price for the corresponding REO Loan), as determined by an appraiser selected by the master servicer and approved by certain classes of certificates, (3) the reasonable out of pocket expenses of the master servicer related to such purchase, unless the master servicer is the purchaser and (4) if the Mortgaged Property secures the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and is an REO Property under the terms of the Non-Serviced PSA, the pro rata portion of the fair market value of the related property, as determined by the related master servicer in accordance with clauses (2) and (3) above, less (b) solely in the case where the master servicer is exercising such purchase right, the aggregate amount of unreimbursed Advances and unpaid Servicing Fees and any related Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fees remaining outstanding and payable solely to the master servicer or the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer (which items will be deemed to have been paid or reimbursed to the master servicer or the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer in connection with such purchase). This purchase will effect early retirement of the then-outstanding certificates, but the rights of the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates to effect the termination is subject to the requirements that the then aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans be less than [1.0%] of the of the Initial Pool Balance. The voluntary exchange of certificates (other than the Class [ARD], [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] and Class R certificates), for the remaining Mortgage Loans is not subject to the above described percentage limits but is limited to each such class of outstanding certificates being held by one Certificateholder (or group of Certificateholders acting unanimously) who must voluntarily participate.

 

In the event that the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan and the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates are still outstanding at the time that any optional termination described above is effectuated, the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan will be returned to the holder of the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates in exchange for the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates and the master servicer will have no further obligation to service the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan under the PSA.

 

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On the applicable Distribution Date, the aggregate amount paid by the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates, as the case may be, for the Mortgage Loans and other applicable assets in the issuing entity (other than the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan), together with all other amounts on deposit in the Collection Account and not otherwise payable to a person other than the Certificateholders, will be applied generally as described above under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”.

 

Amendment

 

The PSA may be amended by the parties to the PSA, without the consent of any of the holders of certificates or holders of any Companion Loan or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan:

 

(a) to cure any ambiguity or to correct any error;

 

(b) to cause the provisions in the PSA to conform to or be consistent with or in furtherance of the statements made with respect to the Certificates, the issuing entity or the PSA in the final prospectus for the Offered Certificates or in the final private placement memorandum for the privately offered Certificates, or to correct or supplement any provision which may be inconsistent with any other provisions;

 

(c) to amend any provision of the PSA to the extent necessary or desirable to maintain the status of each REMIC (or any grantor trust portion of the issuing entity) for the purposes of federal income tax law (or comparable provisions of state income tax law);

 

(d) to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under or with respect to the PSA not inconsistent with the provisions therein;

 

(e) to modify, add to or eliminate the provisions in the PSA relating to transfers of Class R Certificates;

 

(f)  to amend any provision of the PSA to the extent necessary or desirable to list the Certificates on a stock exchange, including, without limitation, the appointment of one or more sub-certificate administrators and the requirement that certain information be delivered to such sub-certificate administrators;

 

(g) to modify the provisions relating to the timing of Advance reimbursements in order to conform them to the commercial mortgage-backed securities industry standard for such provisions if (w) the depositor, the trustee and the master servicer determine that industry standard has changed, (x) such modification will not result in an adverse REMIC event or adverse grantor trust event, as evidenced by an opinion of counsel, (y) each Rating Agency shall have been provided with a Rating Agency Communication with respect to such modification, and (z) if no Control Termination Event or Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder consents to such modification;

 

(h) to modify the procedures in the PSA relating to Rule 17g-5 under the Exchange Act; provided that if such modification materially increases the obligations of the trustee, the certificate administrator, the custodian, the 17g-5 Information Provider, the Operating Advisor, the depositor, the master servicer or the special servicer, then the consent of such party will be required;

 

(i)  to modify, alter, amend, add or to rescind any of the provisions contained in the PSA if and to the extent necessary to comply with any rules or regulations promulgated, or any guidance provided with respect to Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act, by the SEC from time to time;

 

(j)  to modify, eliminate or add to any of its provisions in the event the Credit Risk Retention Rules or any other regulations applicable to the risk retention requirements for this securitization transaction are amended or repealed in whole or in part, to the extent required to comply with any such amendment or, to the extent applicable, to modify or eliminate the affected provision(s) related

 

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to the risk retention requirements in the event of such repeal in each case, subject to the consent of the Retaining Sponsor, not to be unreasonably withheld;

 

(k) to modify, eliminate or add to any provisions of the PSA to such extent as will be necessary to comply with the requirements for use of Form SF-3 in registered offerings to the extent provided in CFR 239.45(b)(1)(ii), (iii) or (iv); or

 

(l)  any other amendment which does not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder (unless such Certificateholder consents).

 

The PSA may also be amended by the parties to the PSA with the consent of the holders of certificates of each class affected by such amendment evidencing, in each case, a majority of the aggregate Percentage Interests constituting the class for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of the PSA or of modifying in any manner the rights of the holders of the certificates, except that the amendment may not directly (1) reduce in any manner the amount of, or delay the timing of, payments received on the Mortgage Loans or Trust Subordinate Companion Loan that are required to be distributed on a certificate of any class without the consent of the holder of such certificate or which are required to be distributed to a holder of a Companion Loan without the consent of such holder, (2) reduce the aforesaid percentage of certificates of any class the holders of which are required to consent to the amendment or remove the requirement to obtain consent of any holder of a Companion Loan or holder of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, without the consent of the holders of all certificates of that class then-outstanding or such holder of the related Companion Loan, (3) adversely affect the Voting Rights of any class of certificates, without the consent of the holders of all certificates of that class then outstanding, (4) change in any manner any defined term used in any MLPA or the obligations or rights of any mortgage loan seller under any MLPA without the consent of the applicable mortgage loan seller, or (5) amend the Servicing Standard without, in each case, the consent of 100% of the holders of certificates or a Rating Agency Confirmation by each Rating Agency and confirmation of the applicable rating agencies that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any securities related to a Companion Loan, if any (provided that such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as any Rating Agency Confirmation may be considered satisfied with respect to the certificates as described in this prospectus).

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no amendment to the PSA may be made that changes in any manner the obligations of any mortgage loan seller under any MLPA or the rights of any mortgage loan seller, including as a third party beneficiary, under the PSA, without the consent of such mortgage loan seller. In addition, no amendment to the PSA may be made that changes in any material respect the rights of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates without the consent of the holders of such class. In addition, no amendment to the PSA may be made that changes any provisions specifically required to be included in the PSA by the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement or the Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement without the consent of the holder of the Non-Serviced Companion Loan(s).

 

Also, notwithstanding the foregoing, no party will be required to consent to any amendment to the PSA without the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer, the asset representations reviewer and the operating advisor having first received (i) an opinion of counsel (at the issuing entity’s expense) to the effect that the amendment does not conflict with the terms of the PSA, and that the amendment or the exercise of any power granted to the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or any other specified person in accordance with the amendment will not result in the imposition of a tax on any portion of the issuing entity or cause any Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC or cause the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust under the relevant provisions of the Code and (ii) an officer’s certificate from the party requesting the amendment to the effect that all conditions precedent to such amendment set forth herein have been satisfied. Furthermore, no amendment to the PSA may be made that changes in any material respect to the rights of any class of loan-specific certificates without the consent of such class.

 

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Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator

 

Each of the trustee and the certificate administrator will at all times be, and will be required to resign if it fails to be, (i) a corporation, national bank, national banking association or a trust company, organized and doing business under the laws of any state or the United States of America, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and to accept the trust conferred under the PSA, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $[100,000,000] and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and, in the case of the trustee, will not be an affiliate of the master servicer or the special servicer (except during any period when the trustee is acting as, or has become successor to, the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be), (ii) an institution insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, (iii) an institution whose long-term senior unsecured debt is rated at least [INSERT APPLICABLE RATINGS REQUIREMENTS], or such other rating with respect to which the Rating Agencies have provided a Rating Agency Confirmation, and (iv) an entity that is not on the depositor’s “prohibited party” list.

 

The trustee and the certificate administrator will be also permitted at any time to resign from their obligations and duties under the PSA by giving written notice (which notice will be posted to the certificate administrator’s website pursuant to the PSA) to the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable, all Certificateholders, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will promptly post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website). Upon receiving this notice of resignation, the depositor will be required to use its reasonable best efforts to promptly appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator acceptable to the master servicer and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder. If no successor trustee or certificate administrator has accepted an appointment within 30 days after the giving of notice of resignation, the resigning trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable.

 

If at any time the trustee or certificate administrator ceases to be eligible to continue as trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, under the PSA, and fails to resign after written request therefor by the depositor or the master servicer, or if at any time the trustee or certificate administrator becomes incapable of acting, or if certain events of, or proceedings in respect of, bankruptcy or insolvency occur with respect to the trustee or certificate administrator, or if the trustee or certificate administrator fails to timely publish any report to be delivered, published, or otherwise made available by the certificate administrator pursuant to the PSA, and such failure continues unremedied for a period of five (5) days, or if the certificate administrator fails to make distributions required pursuant to the PSA, the depositor will be authorized to remove the trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, and appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator acceptable to the master servicer.

 

In addition, holders of the certificates entitled to at least 75% of the Voting Rights may at any time, with or without cause, remove the trustee or certificate administrator under the PSA and appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator. In the event that holders of the certificates entitled to at least 75% of the Voting Rights elect to remove the trustee or certificate administrator without cause and appoint a successor, the successor trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, will be responsible for all expenses necessary to effect the transfer of responsibilities from its predecessor.

 

Any resignation or removal of the trustee or certificate administrator and appointment of a successor trustee or certificate administrator will not become effective until (i) acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, and (ii) the certificate administrator files any required Form 8-K. Further, the resigning trustee or certificate administrator, as the case may be, must pay all costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

The PSA will prohibit the appointment of the asset representations reviewer or one of its affiliates as successor to the trustee or certificate administrator.

 

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Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; and Consent to Jurisdiction

 

The PSA will be governed by the laws of the State of New York. Each party to the PSA will waive its respective right to a jury trial for any claim or cause of action based upon or arising out of or related to the PSA or certificates. Additionally each party to the PSA will consent to the jurisdiction of any New York State and Federal courts sitting in New York City with respect to matters arising out of or related to the PSA.

 

Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans

 

The following discussion contains general summaries of certain legal aspects of mortgage loans secured by commercial and multifamily residential properties. Because such legal aspects are governed by applicable local law (which laws may differ substantially), the summaries do not purport to be complete, to reflect the laws of any particular jurisdiction, or to encompass the laws of all jurisdictions in which the security for the mortgage loans is situated. [If 10% of mortgage loans, by outstanding balance, are secured by properties in a particular jurisdiction, relevant local laws, to the extent they vary materially from this discussion, will be discussed in thIS prospectus.]

 

General

 

Each mortgage loan will be evidenced by a promissory note and secured by an instrument granting a security interest in real property, which may be a mortgage, deed of trust or a deed to secure debt, depending upon the prevailing practice and law in the state in which the related mortgaged property is located. Mortgages, deeds of trust and deeds to secure debt are in this prospectus collectively referred to as “mortgages”. A mortgage creates a lien upon, or grants a title interest in, the real property covered thereby, and represents the security for the repayment of the indebtedness customarily evidenced by a promissory note. The priority of the lien created or interest granted will depend on the terms of the mortgage and, in some cases, on the terms of separate subordination agreements or intercreditor agreements with others that hold interests in the real property, the knowledge of the parties to the mortgage and, generally, the order of recordation of the mortgage in the appropriate public recording office. However, the lien of a recorded mortgage will generally be subordinate to later-arising liens for real estate taxes and assessments and other charges imposed under governmental police powers.

 

Types of Mortgage Instruments

 

There are two parties to a mortgage: a mortgagor (the borrower and usually the owner of the applicable property) and a mortgagee (the lender). In contrast, a deed of trust is a three-party instrument, among a trustor (the equivalent of a borrower), a trustee to whom the real property is conveyed, and a beneficiary (the lender) for whose benefit the conveyance is made. Under a deed of trust, the trustor grants the property, irrevocably until the debt is paid, in trust and generally with a power of sale, to the trustee to secure repayment of the indebtedness evidenced by the related note. A deed to secure debt typically has two parties, pursuant to which the borrower, or grantor, conveys title to the real property to the grantee, or lender generally with a power of sale, until such time as the debt is repaid. In a case where the borrower is a land trust, there would be an additional party because legal title to the property is held by a land trustee under a land trust agreement for the benefit of the borrower. At origination of a mortgage loan involving a land trust, the borrower may execute a separate undertaking to make payments on the promissory note. The land trustee would not be personally liable for the promissory note obligation. The mortgagee’s authority under a mortgage, the trustee’s authority under a deed of trust and the grantee’s authority under a deed to secure debt are governed by the express provisions of the related instrument, the law of the state in which the real property is located, certain federal laws and, in some deed of trust transactions, the directions of the beneficiary.

 

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Leases and Rents

 

Mortgages that encumber income-producing property often contain an assignment of rents and leases, and/or may be accompanied by a separate assignment of rents and leases, pursuant to which the borrower assigns to the lender the borrower’s right, title and interest as landlord under each lease and the income derived from the lease, while (unless rents are to be paid directly to the lender) retaining a revocable license to collect the rents for so long as there is no default. If the borrower defaults, the license terminates and the lender is entitled to collect the rents. Local law may require that the lender take possession of the property and/or obtain a court-appointed receiver before becoming entitled to collect the rents.

 

In most states, hotel property and motel room rates are considered accounts receivable under the Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC”). In cases where hotel properties or motels constitute loan security, the revenues are generally pledged by the borrower as additional security for the loan. In general, the lender must file financing statements in order to perfect its security interest in the room revenues and must file continuation statements, generally every five years, to maintain perfection of such security interest. In certain cases, mortgage loans secured by hotel properties or motels may be included in the issuing entity even if the security interest in the room revenues was not perfected. Even if the lender’s security interest in room revenues is perfected under applicable nonbankruptcy law, it will generally be required to commence a foreclosure action or otherwise take possession of the property in order to enforce its rights to collect the room revenues following a default. In the bankruptcy setting, however, the lender will be stayed from enforcing its rights to collect room revenues, but those room revenues constitute “cash collateral” and therefore generally cannot be used by the bankruptcy debtor without a hearing or lender’s consent or unless the lender’s interest in the room revenues is given adequate protection (e.g., cash payment for otherwise encumbered funds or a replacement lien on unencumbered property, in either case in value equivalent to the amount of room revenues that the debtor proposes to use, or other similar relief). See “—Bankruptcy Laws” below.

 

Personalty

 

In the case of certain types of mortgaged properties, such as hotel properties, motels, nursing homes and manufactured housing, personal property (to the extent owned by the borrower and not previously pledged) may constitute a significant portion of the property’s value as security. The creation and enforcement of liens on personal property are governed by the UCC. Accordingly, if a borrower pledges personal property as security for a mortgage loan, the lender generally must file UCC financing statements in order to perfect its security interest in that personal property, and must file continuation statements, generally every five years, to maintain that perfection. Certain mortgage loans secured in part by personal property may be included in the issuing entity even if the security interest in such personal property was not perfected.

 

Foreclosure

 

General

 

Foreclosure is a legal procedure that allows the lender to recover its mortgage debt by enforcing its rights and available legal remedies under the mortgage. If the borrower defaults in payment or performance of its obligations under the promissory note or mortgage, the lender has the right to institute foreclosure proceedings to sell the real property at public auction to satisfy the indebtedness.

 

Foreclosure Procedures Vary from State to State

 

Two primary methods of foreclosing a mortgage are judicial foreclosure, involving court proceedings, and nonjudicial foreclosure pursuant to a power of sale granted in the mortgage instrument. Other foreclosure procedures are available in some states, but they are either infrequently used or available only in limited circumstances.

 

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A foreclosure action is subject to most of the delays and expenses of other lawsuits if defenses are raised or counterclaims are interposed, and sometimes requires several years to complete.

 

Judicial Foreclosure

 

A judicial foreclosure proceeding is conducted in a court having jurisdiction over the mortgaged property. Generally, the action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all parties having a subordinate interest of record in the real property and all parties in possession of the property, under leases or otherwise, whose interests are subordinate to the mortgage. Delays in completion of the foreclosure may occasionally result from difficulties in locating defendants. When the lender’s right to foreclose is contested, the legal proceedings can be time-consuming. Upon successful completion of a judicial foreclosure proceeding, the court generally issues a judgment of foreclosure and appoints a referee or other officer to conduct a public sale of the mortgaged property, the proceeds of which are used to satisfy the judgment. Such sales are made in accordance with procedures that vary from state to state.

 

Equitable and Other Limitations on Enforceability of Certain Provisions

 

United States courts have traditionally imposed general equitable principles to limit the remedies available to lenders in foreclosure actions. These principles are generally designed to relieve borrowers from the effects of mortgage defaults perceived as harsh or unfair. Relying on such principles, a court may alter the specific terms of a loan to the extent it considers necessary to prevent or remedy an injustice, undue oppression or overreaching, or may require the lender to undertake affirmative actions to determine the cause of the borrower’s default and the likelihood that the borrower will be able to reinstate the loan. In some cases, courts have substituted their judgment for the lender’s and have required that lenders reinstate loans or recast payment schedules in order to accommodate borrowers who are suffering from a temporary financial disability. In other cases, courts have limited the right of the lender to foreclose in the case of a nonmonetary default, such as a failure to adequately maintain the mortgaged property or an impermissible further encumbrance of the mortgaged property. Finally, some courts have addressed the issue of whether federal or state constitutional provisions reflecting due process concerns for adequate notice require that a borrower receive notice in addition to statutorily-prescribed minimum notice. For the most part, these cases have upheld the reasonableness of the notice provisions or have found that a public sale under a mortgage providing for a power of sale does not involve sufficient state action to trigger constitutional protections.

 

In addition, some states may have statutory protection such as the right of the borrower to reinstate a mortgage loan after commencement of foreclosure proceedings but prior to a foreclosure sale.

 

Nonjudicial Foreclosure/Power of Sale

 

In states permitting nonjudicial foreclosure proceedings, foreclosure of a deed of trust is generally accomplished by a nonjudicial trustee’s sale pursuant to a power of sale typically granted in the deed of trust. A power of sale may also be contained in any other type of mortgage instrument if applicable law so permits. A power of sale under a deed of trust allows a nonjudicial public sale to be conducted generally following a request from the beneficiary/lender to the trustee to sell the property upon default by the borrower and after notice of sale is given in accordance with the terms of the deed of trust and applicable state law. In some states, prior to such sale, the trustee under the deed of trust must record a notice of default and notice of sale and send a copy to the borrower and to any other party who has recorded a request for a copy of a notice of default and notice of sale. In addition, in some states the trustee must provide notice to any other party having an interest of record in the real property, including junior lienholders. A notice of sale must be posted in a public place and, in most states, published for a specified period of time in one or more newspapers. The borrower or junior lienholder may then have the right, during a reinstatement period required in some states, to cure the default by paying the entire actual amount in arrears (without regard to the acceleration of the indebtedness), plus the lender’s expenses incurred in enforcing the obligation. In other states, the borrower or the junior lienholder is not provided a period to reinstate the loan, but has only the right to pay off the entire debt to prevent the foreclosure sale.

 

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Generally, state law governs the procedure for public sale, the parties entitled to notice, the method of giving notice and the applicable time periods.

 

Public Sale

 

A third party may be unwilling to purchase a mortgaged property at a public sale because of the difficulty in determining the exact status of title to the property (due to, among other things, redemption rights that may exist) and because of the possibility that physical deterioration of the mortgaged property may have occurred during the foreclosure proceedings. Potential buyers may also be reluctant to purchase mortgaged property at a foreclosure sale as a result of the 1980 decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Durrett v. Washington National Insurance Co., 621 F.2d 2001 (5th Cir. 1980) and other decisions that have followed its reasoning. The court in Durrett held that even a non-collusive, regularly conducted foreclosure sale was a fraudulent transfer under the Bankruptcy Code and, thus, could be rescinded in favor of the bankrupt’s estate, if (1) the foreclosure sale was held while the debtor was insolvent and not more than one year prior to the filing of the bankruptcy petition and (2) the price paid for the foreclosed property did not represent “fair consideration”, which is “reasonably equivalent value” under the Bankruptcy Code. Although the reasoning and result of Durrett in respect of the Bankruptcy Code was rejected by the United States Supreme Court in BFP v. Resolution Trust Corp., 511 U.S. 531 (1994), the case could nonetheless be persuasive to a court applying a state fraudulent conveyance law which has provisions similar to those construed in Durrett. Therefore, it is common for the lender to purchase the mortgaged property for an amount equal to the secured indebtedness and accrued and unpaid interest plus the expenses of foreclosure, in which event the borrower’s debt will be extinguished, or for a lesser amount in order to preserve its right to seek a deficiency judgment if such is available under state law and under the terms of the mortgage loan documents. Thereafter, subject to the borrower’s right in some states to remain in possession during a redemption period, the lender will become the owner of the property and have both the benefits and burdens of ownership, including the obligation to pay debt service on any senior mortgages, to pay taxes, to obtain casualty insurance and to make such repairs as are necessary to render the property suitable for sale. Frequently, the lender employs a third-party management company to manage and operate the property. The costs of operating and maintaining a property may be significant and may be greater than the income derived from that property. The costs of management and operation of those mortgaged properties which are hotels, motels, restaurants, nursing or convalescent homes, hospitals or casinos may be particularly significant because of the expertise, knowledge and, with respect to certain property types, regulatory compliance, required to run those operations and the effect which foreclosure and a change in ownership may have on the public’s and the industry’s, including franchisors’, perception of the quality of those operations. The lender also will commonly obtain the services of a real estate broker and pay the broker’s commission in connection with the sale or lease of the property. Depending upon market conditions, the ultimate proceeds of the sale of a property may not equal the lender’s investment in the property. Moreover, a lender commonly incurs substantial legal fees and court costs in acquiring a mortgaged property through contested foreclosure and/or bankruptcy proceedings. Because of the expenses associated with acquiring, owning and selling a mortgaged property, a lender could realize an overall loss on a mortgage loan even if the mortgaged property is sold at foreclosure, or resold after it is acquired through foreclosure, for an amount equal to the full outstanding principal amount of the loan plus accrued interest.

 

Furthermore, an increasing number of states require that any environmental contamination at certain types of properties be cleaned up before a property may be resold. In addition, a lender may be responsible under federal or state law for the cost of cleaning up a mortgaged property that is environmentally contaminated. See “—Environmental Considerations” below.

 

The holder of a junior mortgage that forecloses on a mortgaged property does so subject to senior mortgages and any other prior liens, and may be obliged to keep senior mortgage loans current in order to avoid foreclosure of its interest in the property. In addition, if the foreclosure of a junior mortgage triggers the enforcement of a “due-on-sale” clause contained in a senior mortgage, the junior mortgagee could be required to pay the full amount of the senior mortgage indebtedness or face foreclosure.

 

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Rights of Redemption

 

The purposes of a foreclosure action are to enable the lender to realize upon its security and to bar the borrower, and all persons who have interests in the property that are subordinate to that of the foreclosing lender, from exercise of their “equity of redemption”. The doctrine of equity of redemption provides that, until the property encumbered by a mortgage has been sold in accordance with a properly conducted foreclosure and foreclosure sale, those having interests that are subordinate to that of the foreclosing lender have an equity of redemption and may redeem the property by paying the entire debt with interest. Those having an equity of redemption must generally be made parties and joined in the foreclosure proceeding in order for their equity of redemption to be terminated.

 

The equity of redemption is a common-law (nonstatutory) right which should be distinguished from post-sale statutory rights of redemption. In some states, after sale pursuant to a deed of trust or foreclosure of a mortgage, the borrower and foreclosed junior lienors are given a statutory period in which to redeem the property. In some states, statutory redemption may occur only upon payment of the foreclosure sale price. In other states, redemption may be permitted if the former borrower pays only a portion of the sums due. The effect of a statutory right of redemption is to diminish the ability of the lender to sell the foreclosed property because the exercise of a right of redemption would defeat the title of any purchaser through a foreclosure. Consequently, the practical effect of the redemption right is to force the lender to maintain the property and pay the expenses of ownership until the redemption period has expired. In some states, a post-sale statutory right of redemption may exist following a judicial foreclosure, but not following a trustee’s sale under a deed of trust.

 

Anti-Deficiency Legislation

 

Some or all of the mortgage loans are nonrecourse loans, as to which recourse in the case of default will be limited to the mortgaged property and such other assets, if any, that were pledged to secure the mortgage loan. However, even if a mortgage loan by its terms provides for recourse to the borrower’s other assets, a lender’s ability to realize upon those assets may be limited by state law. For example, in some states a lender cannot obtain a deficiency judgment against the borrower following foreclosure or sale under a deed of trust.

 

A deficiency judgment is a personal judgment against the former borrower equal to the difference between the net amount realized upon the public sale of the real property and the amount due to the lender. Other statutes may require the lender to exhaust the security afforded under a mortgage before bringing a personal action against the borrower. In certain other states, the lender has the option of bringing a personal action against the borrower on the debt without first exhausting that security; however, in some of those states, the lender, following judgment on that personal action, may be deemed to have elected a remedy and thus may be precluded from foreclosing upon the security. Consequently, lenders in those states where such an election of remedy provision exists will usually proceed first against the security. Finally, other statutory provisions, designed to protect borrowers from exposure to large deficiency judgments that might result from bidding at below-market values at the foreclosure sale, limit any deficiency judgment to the excess of the outstanding debt over the fair market value of the property at the time of the sale.

 

Leasehold Considerations

 

Mortgage loans may be secured by a mortgage on the borrower’s leasehold interest in a ground lease. Leasehold mortgage loans are subject to certain risks not associated with mortgage loans secured by a lien on the fee estate of the borrower. The most significant of these risks is that if the borrower’s leasehold were to be terminated upon a lease default, the leasehold mortgagee would lose its security. This risk may be lessened if the ground lease requires the lessor to give the leasehold mortgagee notices of lessee defaults and an opportunity to cure them, permits the leasehold estate to be assigned to and by the leasehold mortgagee or the purchaser at a foreclosure sale, and contains certain other protective provisions typically included in a “mortgageable” ground lease. Certain mortgage loans, however, may be secured by ground leases which do not contain these provisions.

 

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In addition, where a lender has as its security both the fee and leasehold interest in the same property, the grant of a mortgage lien on its fee interest by the land owner/ground lessor to secure the debt of a borrower/ground lessee may be subject to challenge as a fraudulent conveyance. Among other things, a legal challenge to the granting of the liens may focus on the benefits realized by the land owner/ground lessor from the loan. If a court concluded that the granting of the mortgage lien was an avoidable fraudulent conveyance, it might take actions detrimental to the holders of the offered certificates, including, under certain circumstances, invalidating the mortgage lien on the fee interest of the land owner/ground lessor.

 

Cooperative Shares

 

Mortgage loans may be secured by a security interest on the borrower’s ownership interest in shares, and the related proprietary leases, allocable to cooperative dwelling units that may be vacant or occupied by non-owner tenants. Such loans are subject to certain risks not associated with mortgage loans secured by a lien on the fee estate of a borrower in real property. Such a loan typically is subordinate to the mortgage, if any, on the cooperative’s building which, if foreclosed, could extinguish the equity in the building and the proprietary leases of the dwelling units derived from ownership of the shares of the cooperative. Further, transfer of shares in a cooperative are subject to various regulations as well as to restrictions under the governing documents of the cooperative, and the shares may be cancelled in the event that associated maintenance charges due under the related proprietary leases are not paid. Typically, a recognition agreement between the lender and the cooperative provides, among other things, the lender with an opportunity to cure a default under a proprietary lease.

 

Under the laws applicable in many states, “foreclosure” on cooperative shares is accomplished by a sale in accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of the UCC and the security agreement relating to the shares. Article 9 of the UCC requires that a sale be conducted in a “commercially reasonable” manner, which may be dependent upon, among other things, the notice given the debtor and the method, manner, time, place and terms of the sale. Article 9 of the UCC provides that the proceeds of the sale will be applied first to pay the costs and expenses of the sale and then to satisfy the indebtedness secured by the lender’s security interest. A recognition agreement, however, generally provides that the lender’s right to reimbursement is subject to the right of the cooperative to receive sums due under the proprietary leases.

 

Bankruptcy Laws

 

Operation of the Bankruptcy Code and related state laws may interfere with or affect the ability of a lender to obtain payment of a loan, realize upon collateral and/or to enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, under the Bankruptcy Code, virtually all actions (including foreclosure actions and deficiency judgment proceedings) are automatically stayed upon the filing of the bankruptcy petition, and, usually, no interest or principal payments are made during the course of the bankruptcy case. The delay and the consequences of a delay caused by an automatic stay can be significant. For example, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or on behalf of a junior mortgage lien holder may stay the senior lender from taking action to foreclose out such junior lien. At a minimum, the senior lender would suffer delay due to its need to seek bankruptcy court approval before taking any foreclosure or other action that could be deemed in violation of the automatic stay under the Bankruptcy Code.

 

Under the Bankruptcy Code, a bankruptcy trustee, or a borrower as debtor-in-possession, may under certain circumstances sell the related mortgaged property or other collateral free and clear of all liens, claims, encumbrances and interests, which liens would then attach to the proceeds of such sale, despite the provisions of the related mortgage or other security agreement to the contrary. Such a sale may be approved by a bankruptcy court even if the proceeds are insufficient to pay the secured debt in full.

 

Under the Bankruptcy Code, provided certain substantive and procedural safeguards for a lender are met, the amount and terms of a mortgage or other security agreement secured by property of a debtor may be modified under certain circumstances. Pursuant to a confirmed plan of reorganization, lien avoidance or claim objection proceeding, the secured claim arising from a loan secured by real property

 

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or other collateral may be reduced to the then-current value of the property (with a corresponding partial reduction of the amount of lender’s security interest), thus leaving the lender a secured creditor to the extent of the then current value of the property and a general unsecured creditor for the difference between such value and the outstanding balance of the loan. Such general unsecured claims may be paid less than 100% of the amount of the debt or not at all, depending upon the circumstances. Other modifications may include the reduction in the amount of each scheduled payment, which reduction may result from a reduction in the rate of interest and/or the alteration of the repayment schedule (with or without affecting the unpaid principal balance of the loan), and/or an extension (or reduction) of the final maturity date. Some courts have approved bankruptcy plans, based on the particular facts of the reorganization case, that effected the curing of a mortgage loan default by paying arrearages over a number of years. Also, under the Bankruptcy Code, a bankruptcy court may permit a debtor through its plan of reorganization to reinstate the loan even though the lender accelerated the mortgage loan and final judgment of foreclosure had been entered in state court (provided no sale of the property had yet occurred) prior to the filing of the debtor’s petition. This may be done even if the plan of reorganization does not provide for payment of the full amount due under the original loan. Thus, the full amount due under the original loan may never be repaid. Other types of significant modifications to the terms of mortgage loan may be acceptable to the bankruptcy court, such as making distributions to the mortgage holder of property other than cash, or the substitution of collateral which is the “indubitable equivalent” of the real property subject to the mortgage, or the subordination of the mortgage to liens securing new debt (provided that the lender’s secured claim is “adequately protected” as such term is defined and interpreted under the Bankruptcy Code), often depending on the particular facts and circumstances of the specific case.

 

Federal bankruptcy law may also interfere with or otherwise adversely affect the ability of a secured mortgage lender to enforce an assignment by a borrower of rents and leases (which “rents” may include revenues from hotels and other lodging facilities specified in the Bankruptcy Code) related to a mortgaged property if the related borrower is in a bankruptcy proceeding. Under the Bankruptcy Code, a lender may be stayed from enforcing the assignment, and the legal proceedings necessary to resolve the issue can be time consuming and may result in significant delays in the receipt of the rents. Rents (including applicable hotel and other lodging revenues) and leases may also escape such an assignment, among other things, (i) if the assignment is not fully perfected under state law prior to commencement of the bankruptcy proceeding, (ii) to the extent such rents and leases are used by the borrower to maintain the mortgaged property, or for other court authorized expenses, (iii) to the extent other collateral may be substituted for the rents and leases, (iv) to the extent the bankruptcy court determines that the lender is adequately protected, or (v) to the extent the court determines based on the equities of the case that the post-petition rents are not subject to the lender’s pre-petition securities interest.

 

Under the Bankruptcy Code, a security interest in real property acquired before the commencement of the bankruptcy case does not extend to income received after the commencement of the bankruptcy case unless such income is a proceed, product or rent of such property. Therefore, to the extent a business conducted on the mortgaged property creates accounts receivable rather than rents or results from payments under a license rather than payments under a lease, a valid and perfected pre-bankruptcy lien on such accounts receivable or license income generally would not continue as to post-bankruptcy accounts receivable or license income.

 

The Bankruptcy Code provides that a lender’s perfected pre-petition security interest in leases, rents and hotel revenues continues in the post-petition leases, rents and hotel revenues, unless a bankruptcy court orders to the contrary “based on the equities of the case”. The equities of a particular case may permit the discontinuance of security interests in pre-petition leases and rents. Thus, unless a court orders otherwise, revenues from a mortgaged property generated after the date the bankruptcy petition is filed will constitute “cash collateral” under the Bankruptcy Code. Debtors may only use cash collateral upon obtaining the lender’s consent or a prior court order finding that the lender’s interest in the mortgaged hotel, motel or other lodging property and the cash collateral is “adequately protected” as the term is defined and interpreted under the Bankruptcy Code. In addition to post-petition rents, any cash held by a lender in a lockbox or reserve account generally would also constitute “cash collateral” under the Bankruptcy Code. So long as the lender is adequately protected, a debtor’s use of cash collateral may

 

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be for its own benefit or for the benefit of any affiliated entity group that is also subject to bankruptcy proceedings, including use as collateral for new debt. It should be noted, however, that the court may find that the lender has no security interest in either pre-petition or post-petition revenues if the court finds that the loan documents do not contain language covering accounts, room rents, or other forms of personalty necessary for a security interest to attach to such revenues.

 

The Bankruptcy Code provides generally that rights and obligations under an unexpired lease of the debtor/lessee may not be terminated or modified at any time after the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code solely because of a provision in the lease to that effect or because of certain other similar events. This prohibition on so-called “ipso facto” clauses could limit the ability of a lender to exercise certain contractual remedies with respect to the leases on any mortgaged property. In addition, section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code operates as an automatic stay of, among other things, any act to obtain possession of property from a debtor’s estate, which may delay a lender’s exercise of those remedies, including foreclosure, in the event that a lessee becomes the subject of a proceeding under the Bankruptcy Code. Thus, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or on behalf of a lessee of a mortgaged property would result in a stay against the commencement or continuation of any state court proceeding for past due rent, for accelerated rent, for damages or for a summary eviction order with respect to a default under the related lease that occurred prior to the filing of the lessee’s petition. While relief from the automatic stay to enforce remedies may be requested, it can be denied for a number of reasons, including where the collateral is “necessary to an effective reorganization” for the debtor, and if a debtor’s case has been administratively consolidated with those of its affiliates, the court may also consider whether the property is “necessary to an effective reorganization” of the debtor and its affiliates, taken as a whole.

 

The Bankruptcy Code generally provides that a trustee in bankruptcy or debtor-in-possession may, with respect to an unexpired lease of non-residential real property, before the earlier of (i) 120 days after the filing of a bankruptcy case or (ii) the entry of an order confirming a plan, subject to approval of the court, (a) assume the lease and retain it or assign it to a third party or (b) reject the lease. If the trustee or debtor-in-possession fails to assume or reject the lease within the time specified in the preceding sentence, subject to any extensions by the bankruptcy court, the lease will be deemed rejected and the property will be surrendered to the lessor. The bankruptcy court may for cause shown extend the 120-day period up to 90 days for a total of 210 days. If the lease is assumed, the trustee in bankruptcy on behalf of the lessee, or the lessee as debtor-in-possession, or the assignee, if applicable, must cure any defaults under the lease, compensate the lessor for its losses and provide the lessor with “adequate assurance” of future performance. These remedies may be insufficient, however, as the lessor may be forced to continue under the lease with a lessee that is a poor credit risk or an unfamiliar tenant (if the lease was assigned), and any assurances provided to the lessor may, in fact, be inadequate. If the lease is rejected, the rejection generally constitutes a breach of the executory contract or unexpired lease as of the date immediately preceding the filing date of the bankruptcy petition. As a consequence, the other party or parties to the lease, such as the borrower, as lessor under a lease, generally would have only an unsecured claim against the debtor, as lessee, for damages resulting from the breach, which could adversely affect the security for the related mortgage loan. In addition, under the Bankruptcy Code, a lease rejection damages claim is limited to the “(a) rent reserved by the lease, without acceleration, for the greater of one year, or 15 percent, not to exceed three years, of the remaining term of such lease, following the earlier of the date of the bankruptcy petition and the date on which the lessor regained possession of the real property, (b) plus any unpaid rent due under such lease, without acceleration, on the earlier of such dates.”

 

If a trustee in bankruptcy on behalf of a lessor, or a lessor as debtor-in-possession, rejects an unexpired lease of real property, the lessee may treat the lease as terminated by the rejection or, in the alternative, the lessee may remain in possession of the leasehold for the balance of the term and for any renewal or extension of the term that is enforceable by the lessee under applicable non-bankruptcy law. The Bankruptcy Code provides that if a lessee elects to remain in possession after a rejection of a lease, the lessee may offset against rents reserved under the lease for the balance of the term after the date of rejection of the lease, and the related renewal or extension of the lease, any damages occurring after that date caused by the nonperformance of any obligation of the lessor under the lease after that date.

 

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Similarly, bankruptcy risk is associated with an insolvency proceeding under the Bankruptcy Code of either a borrower ground lessee or a ground lessor. In general, upon the bankruptcy of a lessor or a lessee under a lease of nonresidential real property, including a ground lease, that has not been terminated prior to the bankruptcy filing date, the debtor entity has the statutory right to assume or reject the lease. Given that the Bankruptcy Code generally invalidates clauses that terminate contracts automatically upon the filing by one of the parties of a bankruptcy petition or that are conditioned on a party’s insolvency, following the filing of a bankruptcy petition, a debtor would ordinarily be required to perform its obligations under such lease until the debtor decides whether to assume or reject the lease. The Bankruptcy Code provides certain additional protections with respect to non-residential real property leases, such as establishing a specific timeframe in which a debtor must determine whether to assume or reject the lease. The bankruptcy court may extend the time to perform for up to 60 days for cause shown. Even if the agreements were terminated prior to bankruptcy, a bankruptcy court may determine that the agreement was improperly terminated and therefore remains part of the debtor’s bankruptcy estate. The debtor also can seek bankruptcy court approval to assume and assign the lease to a third party, and to modify the lease in connection with such assignment. In order to assume the lease, the debtor or assignee generally will have to cure outstanding defaults and provide “adequate assurance of future performance” in addition to satisfying other requirements imposed under the Bankruptcy Code. Under the Bankruptcy Code, subject to certain exceptions, once a lease is rejected by a debtor lessee, it is deemed breached, and the non-debtor lessor will have a claim for lease rejection damages, as described above.

 

If the ground lessor files for bankruptcy, it may determine until the confirmation of its plan of reorganization whether to reject the ground lease. On request of any party to the lease, the bankruptcy court may order the debtor to determine within a specific period of time whether to assume or reject the lease or to comply with the terms of the lease pending its decision to assume or reject. In the event of rejection, the non-debtor lessee will have the right to treat the lease as terminated by virtue of its terms, applicable nonbankruptcy law, or any agreement made by the lessee. The non-debtor lessee may also, if the lease term has begun, retain its rights under the lease, including its rights to remain in possession of the leased premises under the rent reserved in the lease for the balance of the term of the lease (including renewals). The term “lessee” includes any “successor, assign or mortgagee permitted under the terms of such lease”. If, pre-petition, the ground lessor had specifically granted the leasehold mortgagee such right, the leasehold mortgagee may have the right to succeed to the lessee/borrower’s position under the lease.

 

In the event of concurrent bankruptcy proceedings involving the ground lessor and the lessee/borrower, actions by creditors against the borrower/lessee debtor would be subject to the automatic stay, and a lender may be unable to enforce both the bankrupt lessee’s/borrower’s pre-petition agreement to refuse to treat a ground lease rejected by a bankrupt lessor as terminated and any agreement by the ground lessor to grant the lender a new lease upon such termination. In such circumstances, a lease could be terminated notwithstanding lender protection provisions contained in that lease or in the mortgage. A lender could lose its security unless the lender holds a fee mortgage or the bankruptcy court, as a court of equity, allows the mortgagee to assume the ground lessee’s obligations under the ground lease and succeed to the ground lessee’s position. Although consistent with the Bankruptcy Code, such position may not be adopted by the bankruptcy court.

 

Further, in an appellate decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (Precision Indus. v. Qualitech Steel SBQ, LLC, 327 F.3d 537 (7th Cir, 2003)), the court ruled with respect to an unrecorded lease of real property that where a statutory sale of leased property occurs under the Bankruptcy Code upon the bankruptcy of a landlord, that sale terminates a lessee’s possessory interest in the property, and the purchaser assumes title free and clear of any interest, including any leasehold estates. Pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code, a lessee may request the bankruptcy court to prohibit or condition the statutory sale of the property so as to provide adequate protection of the leasehold interest; however, the court ruled that, at least where a memorandum of lease had not been recorded, this provision does not ensure continued possession of the property, but rather entitles the lessee to compensation for the value of its leasehold interest, typically from the sale proceeds. As a result, we cannot assure you that, in the event of a statutory sale of leased property pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code, the lessee would be able to maintain possession of the property under the ground lease. In

 

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addition, we cannot assure you that a leasehold mortgagor and/or a leasehold mortgagee (to the extent it has standing to intervene) would be able to recover the full value of the leasehold interest in bankruptcy court.

 

Because of the possible termination of the related ground lease, whether arising from a bankruptcy, the expiration of a lease term or an uncured defect under the related ground lease, lending on a leasehold interest in a real property is riskier than lending on the fee interest in the property.

 

In a bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving a borrower, action may be taken seeking the recovery as a preferential transfer of any payments made by such borrower, or made directly by the related lessee, under the related mortgage loan to the issuing entity. Payments on long term debt may be protected from recovery as preferences if they qualify for the “ordinary course” exception under the Bankruptcy Code or if certain other defenses in the Bankruptcy Code are applicable. Whether any particular payment would be protected depends upon the facts specific to a particular transaction.

 

Although the borrowers under the Mortgage Loans included in a trust fund may be special purpose entities, special purpose entities can become debtors in bankruptcy under various circumstances. For example, in the bankruptcy case of In re General Growth Properties, Inc. 409 B.R. 43 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2009), notwithstanding that such subsidiaries were special purpose entities with independent directors, numerous property-level, special purpose subsidiaries were filed for bankruptcy protection by their parent entity.  Nonetheless, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York denied various lenders’ motions to dismiss the special purpose entity subsidiaries’ cases as bad faith filings. In denying the motions, the bankruptcy court stated that the fundamental and bargained for creditor protections embedded in the special purpose entity structures at the property level would remain in place during the pendency of the chapter 11 cases. Those protections included adequate protection of the lenders’ interest in their collateral and protection against the substantive consolidation of the property-level debtors with any other entities.

 

The moving lenders in the General Growth case had argued that the 20 property-level bankruptcy filings were premature and improperly sought to restructure the debt of solvent entities for the benefit of equity holders.  However, the Bankruptcy Code does not require that a voluntary debtor be insolvent or unable to pay its debts currently in order to be eligible for relief and generally a bankruptcy petition will not be dismissed for bad faith if the debtor has a legitimate rehabilitation objective. Accordingly, after finding that the relevant debtors were experiencing varying degrees of financial distress due to factors such as cross defaults, a need to refinance in the near term (i.e., within 1 to 4 years), and other considerations, the bankruptcy court noted that it was not required to analyze in isolation each debtor’s basis for filing. In the court’s view, the critical issue was whether a parent company that had filed its bankruptcy case in good faith could include in the filing subsidiaries that were necessary for the parent’s reorganization. As demonstrated in the General Growth Properties bankruptcy case, although special purpose entities are designed to mitigate the bankruptcy risk of a borrower, special purpose entities can become debtors in bankruptcy under various circumstances.

 

Generally, pursuant to the doctrine of substantive consolidation, a bankruptcy court, in the exercise of its broad equitable powers, has the authority to order that the assets and liabilities of a borrower be substantively consolidated with those of an affiliate (i.e., even a non-debtor), including for the purposes of making distributions under a plan of reorganization or liquidation. Thus, property that is ostensibly the property of a borrower may become subject to the bankruptcy case of an affiliate, the automatic stay applicable to such bankrupt affiliate may be extended to a borrower, and the rights of creditors of a borrower may become impaired.  Substantive consolidation is generally viewed as an equitable remedy that could result in an otherwise solvent company becoming subject to the bankruptcy proceedings of an insolvent affiliate, making the solvent company’s assets available to repay the debts of affiliated companies. A court has the discretion to order substantive consolidation in whole or in part and may include non-debtor affiliates of the bankrupt entity in the proceedings. The interrelationship among a borrower and other affiliates may pose a heightened risk of substantive consolidation and other bankruptcy risks in the event that any one or more of them were to become a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code. In the event of the bankruptcy of the applicable parent entities of any borrower, the assets of such borrower may be treated as part of the bankruptcy estates of such parent entities. In

 

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addition, in the event of the institution of voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy proceedings involving a borrower and certain of its affiliates, to serve judicial economy, it is likely that a court would jointly administer the respective bankruptcy proceedings. Furthermore, with respect to any affiliated borrowers, creditors of a common parent in bankruptcy may seek to substantively consolidate the assets of such borrowers with those of the parent.

 

In addition, in a bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving any borrower or an affiliate, an action may be taken to avoid the transaction (or any component of the transaction, such as joint and several liability on the related mortgage loan) as an actual or constructive fraudulent conveyance under state or federal law. Any payment by a borrower in excess of its allocated share of the loan could be challenged as a fraudulent conveyance by creditors of that borrower in an action outside a bankruptcy case or by the representative of the borrower’s bankruptcy estate in a bankruptcy case. Generally, under federal and most state fraudulent conveyance statutes, the incurrence of an obligation or the transfer of property by a person will be subject to avoidance under certain circumstances if the person transferred such property with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud its creditors or the person did not receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value in exchange for such obligation or transfer and (i) was insolvent or was rendered insolvent by such obligation or transfer, (ii) was engaged in business or a transaction, or was about to engage in business or a transaction, for which any property remaining with the person constituted unreasonably small capital, or (iii) intended to, or believed that it would, incur debts that would be beyond the person’s ability to pay as such debts matured. The measure of insolvency will vary depending on the law of the applicable jurisdiction. However, an entity will generally be considered insolvent if the present fair salable value of its assets is less than (x) the sum of its debts or (y) the amount that would be required to pay its probable liabilities on its existing debts as they become absolute and matured. Accordingly, in a multi-borrower loan transaction a lien granted by one of the borrowers to secure repayment of the loan in excess of its allocated share of loan proceeds could be avoided if a court were to determine that (i) such borrower was insolvent at the time of granting the lien, was rendered insolvent by the granting of the lien, was left with inadequate capital, or was not able to pay its debts as they matured and (ii) such borrower did not, when it allowed its property to be encumbered by a lien securing the entire indebtedness represented by the loan, receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value for pledging such property for the equal benefit of each other borrower.

 

A bankruptcy court may, under certain circumstances, authorize a debtor to obtain credit after the commencement of a bankruptcy case, secured among other things, by senior, equal or junior liens on property that is already subject to a lien. In the bankruptcy case of General Growth Properties filed on April 16, 2009, the debtors initially sought approval of a debtor-in-possession loan to the corporate parent entities guaranteed by the property-level single purpose entities and secured by second liens on their properties. Although the debtor-in-possession loan subsequently was modified to eliminate the subsidiary guarantees and second liens, we cannot assure you that, in the event of a bankruptcy of the borrower sponsor, the borrower sponsor would not seek approval of a similar debtor-in-possession loan, or that a bankruptcy court would not approve a debtor-in-possession loan that included such subsidiary guarantees and second liens on such subsidiaries’ properties.

 

Certain of the borrowers may be partnerships. The laws governing limited partnerships in certain states provide that the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code with respect to a general partner will cause a person to cease to be a general partner of the limited partnership, unless otherwise provided in writing in the limited partnership agreement. This provision may be construed as an “ipso facto” clause and, in the event of the general partner’s bankruptcy, may not be enforceable. Certain limited partnership agreements of the borrowers may provide that the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code with respect to the related general partner constitutes an event of withdrawal (assuming the enforceability of the clause is not challenged in bankruptcy proceedings or, if challenged, is upheld) that might trigger the dissolution of the limited partnership, the winding up of its affairs and the distribution of its assets, unless (i) at the time there was at least one other general partner and the written provisions of the limited partnership permit the business of the limited partnership to be carried on by the remaining general partner and that general partner does so or (ii) the written provisions of the limited partnership agreement permit the limited partners to agree within a specified time frame (often 60 days) after the withdrawal to continue the business of the limited partnership and to the appointment of one or

 

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more general partners and the limited partners do so. In addition, the laws governing general partnerships in certain states provide that the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code or state bankruptcy laws with respect to a general partner of the partnerships triggers the dissolution of the partnership, the winding up of its affairs and the distribution of its assets. Those state laws, however, may not be enforceable or effective in a bankruptcy case. Limited liability companies may be subjected to similar treatment as that described in this prospectus with respect to limited partnerships. The dissolution of a borrower, the winding up of its affairs and the distribution of its assets could result in an acceleration of its payment obligation under the borrower’s mortgage loan, which may reduce the yield on the Offered Certificates in the same manner as a principal prepayment.

 

In addition, the bankruptcy of the general or limited partner of a borrower that is a partnership, or the bankruptcy of a member of a borrower that is a limited liability company or the bankruptcy of a shareholder of a borrower that is a corporation may provide the opportunity in the bankruptcy case of the partner, member or shareholder to obtain an order from a court consolidating the assets and liabilities of the partner, member or shareholder with those of the mortgagor pursuant to the doctrines of substantive consolidation or piercing the corporate veil. In such a case, the respective mortgaged property, for example, would become property of the estate of the bankrupt partner, member or shareholder. Not only would the mortgaged property be available to satisfy the claims of creditors of the partner, member or shareholder, but an automatic stay would apply to any attempt by the trustee to exercise remedies with respect to the mortgaged property. However, such an occurrence should not affect a lender’s status as a secured creditor with respect to the mortgagor or its security interest in the mortgaged property.

 

A borrower that is a limited partnership, in many cases, may be required by the loan documents to have a single purpose entity as its sole general partner, and a borrower that is a general partnership, in many cases, may be required by the loan documents to have as its general partners only entities that are single purpose entities. A borrower that is a limited liability company may be required by the loan documents to have a single purpose member or a springing member. All borrowers that are tenants-in-common may be required by the loan documents to be single purpose entities. These provisions are designed to mitigate the risk of the dissolution or bankruptcy of the borrower partnership or its general partner, a borrower limited liability company or its member (if applicable), or a borrower that is a tenant-in-common. However, we cannot assure you that any borrower partnership or its general partner, or any borrower limited liability company or its member (if applicable), or a borrower that is a tenant-in-common, will not dissolve or become a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code.

 

Environmental Considerations

 

General

 

A lender may be subject to environmental risks when taking a security interest in real property. Of particular concern may be properties that are or have been used for industrial, manufacturing, military or disposal activity. Such environmental risks include the possible diminution of the value of a contaminated property or, as discussed below, potential liability for clean-up costs or other remedial actions that could exceed the value of the property or the amount of the lender’s loan. In certain circumstances, a lender may decide to abandon a contaminated mortgaged property as collateral for its loan rather than foreclose and risk liability for clean-up costs.

 

Superlien Laws

 

Under the laws of many states, contamination on a property may give rise to a lien on the property for clean-up costs. In several states, such a lien has priority over all existing liens, including those of existing mortgages. In these states, the lien of a mortgage may lose its priority to such a “superlien.”

 

CERCLA

 

The federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (“CERCLA”), imposes strict liability on present and past “owners” and “operators” of

 

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contaminated real property for the costs of clean-up. A secured lender may be liable as an “owner” or “operator” of a contaminated mortgaged property if agents or employees of the lender have participated in the management or operation of such mortgaged property. Such liability may exist even if the lender did not cause or contribute to the contamination and regardless of whether the lender has actually taken possession of a mortgaged property through foreclosure, deed in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise. Moreover, such liability is not limited to the original or unamortized principal balance of a loan or to the value of the property securing a loan. Excluded from CERCLA’s definition of “owner” or “operator, “ however, is a person “who, without participating in the management of the facility, holds indicia of ownership primarily to protect his security interest”. This is the so called “secured creditor exemption.”

 

The Asset Conservation, Lender Liability and Deposit Insurance Protection Act of 1996 (the “1996 Act”) amended, among other things, the provisions of CERCLA with respect to lender liability and the secured creditor exemption. The 1996 Act offers protection to lenders by defining the activities in which a lender can engage and still have the benefit of the secured creditor exemption. In order for a lender to be deemed to have participated in the management of a mortgaged property, the lender must actually participate in the operational affairs of the property of the borrower. The 1996 Act provides that “merely having the capacity to influence, or unexercised right to control” operations does not constitute participation in management. A lender will lose the protection of the secured creditor exemption if it exercises decision-making control over the borrower’s environmental compliance and hazardous substance handling or disposal practices, or assumes day-to-day management of environmental or substantially all other operational functions of the mortgaged property. The 1996 Act also provides that a lender will continue to have the benefit of the secured creditor exemption even if it forecloses on a mortgaged property, purchases it at a foreclosure sale or accepts a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure provided that the lender seeks to sell the mortgaged property at the earliest practicable commercially reasonable time on commercially reasonable terms.

 

Certain Other Federal and State Laws

 

Many states have statutes similar to CERCLA, and not all of those statutes provide for a secured creditor exemption. In addition, under federal law, there is potential liability relating to hazardous wastes and underground storage tanks under the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

 

Some federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances govern the management, removal, encapsulation or disturbance of asbestos-containing materials. These laws, as well as common law standards, may impose liability for releases of or exposure to asbestos-containing materials, and provide for third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injuries associated with those releases.

 

Federal legislation requires owners of residential housing constructed prior to 1978 to disclose to potential residents or purchasers any known lead-based paint hazards and will impose treble damages for any failure to disclose. In addition, the ingestion of lead-based paint chips or dust particles by children can result in lead poisoning. If lead-based paint hazards exist at a property, then the owner of that property may be held liable for injuries and for the costs of removal or encapsulation of the lead-based paint.

 

In a few states, transfers of some types of properties are conditioned upon clean-up of contamination prior to transfer. In these cases, a lender that becomes the owner of a property through foreclosure, deed in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, may be required to clean-up the contamination before selling or otherwise transferring the property.

 

Beyond statute-based environmental liability, there exist common law causes of action (for example, actions based on nuisance or on toxic tort resulting in death, personal injury or damage to property) related to hazardous environmental conditions on a property. While it may be more difficult to hold a lender liable under common law causes of action, unanticipated or uninsured liabilities of the borrower may jeopardize the borrower’s ability to meet its loan obligations or may decrease the re-sale value of the collateral.

 

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Additional Considerations

 

The cost of remediating hazardous substance contamination at a property can be substantial. If a lender becomes liable, it can bring an action for contribution against the owner or operator who created the environmental hazard, but that individual or entity may be without substantial assets. Accordingly, it is possible that such costs could become a liability of the issuing entity and occasion a loss to the certificateholders.

 

If a lender forecloses on a mortgage secured by a property, the operations on which are subject to environmental laws and regulations, the lender will be required to operate the property in accordance with those laws and regulations. Such compliance may entail substantial expense, especially in the case of industrial or manufacturing properties.

 

In addition, a lender may be obligated to disclose environmental conditions on a property to government entities and/or to prospective buyers (including prospective buyers at a foreclosure sale or following foreclosure). Such disclosure may decrease the amount that prospective buyers are willing to pay for the affected property, sometimes substantially, and thereby decrease the ability of the lender to recover its investment in a loan upon foreclosure.

 

Due-on-Sale and Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions

 

Certain of the mortgage loans may contain “due-on-sale” and “due-on-encumbrance” clauses that purport to permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the loan if the borrower transfers or encumbers the related mortgaged property. The Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 (the “Garn Act”) generally preempts state laws that prohibit the enforcement of due-on-sale clauses and permits lenders to enforce these clauses in accordance with their terms, subject to certain limitations as set forth in the Garn Act and related regulations. Accordingly, a lender may nevertheless have the right to accelerate the maturity of a mortgage loan that contains a “due-on-sale” provision upon transfer of an interest in the property, without regard to the lender’s ability to demonstrate that a sale threatens its legitimate security interest.

 

Subordinate Financing

 

The terms of certain of the mortgage loans may not restrict the ability of the borrower to use the mortgaged property as security for one or more additional loans, or such restrictions may be unenforceable. Where a borrower encumbers a mortgaged property with one or more junior liens, the senior lender is subjected to additional risk. First, the borrower may have difficulty servicing and repaying multiple loans. Moreover, if the subordinate financing permits recourse to the borrower (as-is frequently the case) and the senior loan does not, a borrower may have more incentive to repay sums due on the subordinate loan. Second, acts of the senior lender that prejudice the junior lender or impair the junior lender’s security may create a superior equity in favor of the junior lender. For example, if the borrower and the senior lender agree to an increase in the principal amount of or the interest rate payable on the senior loan, the senior lender may lose its priority to the extent any existing junior lender is harmed or the borrower is additionally burdened. Third, if the borrower defaults on the senior loan and/or any junior loan or loans, the existence of junior loans and actions taken by junior lenders can impair the security available to the senior lender and can interfere with or delay the taking of action by the senior lender. Moreover, the bankruptcy of a junior lender may operate to stay foreclosure or similar proceedings by the senior lender.

 

Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments

 

Promissory notes and mortgages may contain provisions that obligate the borrower to pay a late charge or additional interest if payments are not timely made, and in some circumstances, may prohibit prepayments for a specified period and/or condition prepayments upon the borrower’s payment of prepayment fees or yield maintenance penalties. In certain states, there are or may be specific limitations upon the late charges which a lender may collect from a borrower for delinquent payments. Certain states also limit the amounts that a lender may collect from a borrower as an additional charge if the loan is

 

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prepaid. In addition, the enforceability of provisions that provide for prepayment fees or penalties upon an involuntary prepayment is unclear under the laws of many states.

 

Applicability of Usury Laws

 

Title V of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 (“Title V”) provides that state usury limitations will not apply to certain types of residential (including multifamily) first mortgage loans originated by certain lenders after March 31, 1980. Title V authorized any state to reimpose interest rate limits by adopting, before April 1, 1983, a law or constitutional provision that expressly rejects application of the federal law. In addition, even where Title V is not so rejected, any state is authorized by the law to adopt a provision limiting discount points or other charges on mortgage loans covered by Title V. Certain states have taken action to reimpose interest rate limits and/or to limit discount points or other charges.

 

Statutes differ in their provisions as to the consequences of a usurious loan. One group of statutes requires the lender to forfeit the interest due above the applicable limit or impose a specified penalty. Under this statutory scheme, the borrower may cancel the recorded mortgage or deed of trust upon paying its debt with lawful interest, and the lender may foreclose, but only for the debt plus lawful interest. A second group of statutes is more severe. A violation of this type of usury law results in the invalidation of the transaction, thereby permitting the borrower to cancel the recorded mortgage or deed of trust without any payment or prohibiting the lender from foreclosing.

 

Americans with Disabilities Act

 

Under Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and related regulations (collectively, the “ADA), in order to protect individuals with disabilities, public accommodations (such as hotel properties, restaurants, shopping centers, hospitals, schools and social service center establishments) must remove architectural and communication barriers which are structural in nature from existing places of public accommodation to the extent “readily achievable”. In addition, under the ADA, alterations to a place of public accommodation or a commercial facility are to be made so that, to the maximum extent feasible, such altered portions are readily accessible to and usable by disabled individuals. The “readily achievable” standard takes into account, among other factors, the financial resources of the affected site, owner, landlord or other applicable person. In addition to imposing a possible financial burden on the borrower in its capacity as owner or landlord, the ADA may also impose such requirements on a foreclosing lender who succeeds to the interest of the borrower as owner or landlord. Furthermore, since the “readily achievable” standard may vary depending on the financial condition of the owner or landlord, a foreclosing lender who is financially more capable than the borrower of complying with the requirements of the ADA may be subject to more stringent requirements than those to which the borrower is subject.

 

Servicemembers Civil Relief Act

 

Under the terms of the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act as amended (the “Relief Act”), a borrower who enters military service after the origination of such borrower’s mortgage loan (including a borrower who was in reserve status and is called to active duty after origination of the mortgage loan), upon notification by such borrower, will not be charged interest, including fees and charges, in excess of 6% per annum during the period of such borrower’s active duty status. In addition to adjusting the interest, the lender must forgive any such interest in excess of 6% unless a court or administrative agency orders otherwise upon application of the lender. The Relief Act applies to individuals who are members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, National Guard, Reserves, Coast Guard and officers of the U.S. Public Health Service or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration assigned to duty with the military. Because the Relief Act applies to individuals who enter military service (including reservists who are called to active duty) after origination of the related mortgage loan, no information can be provided as to the number of loans with individuals as borrowers that may be affected by the Relief Act. Application of the Relief Act would adversely affect, for an indeterminate period of time, the ability of a master servicer or special servicer to collect full amounts of interest on certain of the mortgage loans. Any shortfalls in interest collections resulting from the application of the Relief Act would result in a reduction of the

 

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amounts distributable to the holders of certificates, and would not be covered by advances or, any form of credit support provided in connection with the certificates. In addition, the Relief Act imposes limitations that would impair the ability of a lender to foreclose on an affected mortgage loan during the borrower’s period of active duty status, and, under certain circumstances, during an additional three-month period thereafter.

 

Anti-Money Laundering, Economic Sanctions and Bribery

 

Many jurisdictions have adopted wide-ranging anti-money laundering, economic and trade sanctions, and anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, and regulations (collectively, the “Requirements”). Any of the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters or other party to the PSA could be requested or required to obtain certain assurances from prospective investors intending to purchase certificates and to retain such information or to disclose information pertaining to them to governmental, regulatory or other authorities or to financial intermediaries or engage in due diligence or take other related actions in the future. Failure to honor any request by the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters or other party to the PSA to provide requested information or take such other actions as may be necessary or advisable for the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters or other party to the PSA to comply with any Requirements, related legal process or appropriate requests (whether formal or informal) may result in, among other things, a forced sale to another investor of such investor’s certificates. In addition, it is expected that each of the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters and the other parties to the PSA will comply with the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (also known as the “Patriot Act”) and any other anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism, economic and trade sanctions, and anti-corruption or anti-bribery laws, and regulations of the United States and other countries, and will disclose any information required or requested by authorities in connection with such compliance.

 

Potential Forfeiture of Assets

 

Federal law provides that assets (including property purchased or improved with assets) derived from criminal activity or otherwise tainted, or used in the commission of certain offenses, is subject to the blocking requirements of economic sanctions laws and regulations, and can be blocked and/or seized and ordered forfeited to the United States of America. The offenses that can trigger such a blocking and/or seizure and forfeiture include, among others, violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, the anti-money laundering, anti-terrorism, economic sanctions, and anti-bribery laws and regulations, including the Patriot Act and the regulations issued pursuant to that act, as well as the narcotic drug laws. In many instances, the United States may seize the property even before a conviction occurs.

 

In the event of a forfeiture proceeding, a lender may be able to establish its interest in the property by proving that (a) its mortgage was executed and recorded before the commission of the illegal conduct from which the assets used to purchase or improve the property were derived or before the commission of any other crime upon which the forfeiture is based, or (b) the lender, at the time of the execution of the mortgage, “did not know or was reasonably without cause to believe that the property was subject to forfeiture”. However, there is no assurance that such a defense will be successful.

 

Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties

 

MSMCH and its affiliates are playing several roles in this transaction. Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc. is the depositor and a wholly-owned subsidiary of MSMCH. MSMCH and the other mortgage loan sellers originated, co-originated or acquired the mortgage loans and will be selling them to the depositor. MSMCH is also an affiliate of Morgan Stanley Bank, an originator, and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, an underwriter for the offering of the certificates.

 

[In addition, MSMCH currently holds the [_______] Pari Passu Companion Loan. However, MSMCH intends to sell the [________] Pari Passu Companion Loan in connection with a future securitization. In

 

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addition, with respect to [__] mortgage loan identified as “[______]” on Annex A, representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, MSMCH is the holder of a related mezzanine loan secured by direct or indirect equity interests in the borrower under such mortgage loan.]

 

[MSMCH and certain other third party lenders provide warehouse financing to certain affiliates of [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] (the “Financing Affiliates”) through various repurchase facilities and other lending arrangements. Some or all of the [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] Mortgage Loans are (or as of the securitization closing date may be) subject to such repurchase facilities and other lending arrangements. If such is the case at the time the certificates are issued, then [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] will use the proceeds from its sale of the [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] Mortgage Loans to the depositor to, among other things, acquire the financed [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] Mortgage Loans from the Financing Affiliates, and the Financing Affiliates will, in turn, use the funds that they receive from [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] to, among other things, reacquire or otherwise obtain the release of the warehoused [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] Mortgage Loans from the repurchase agreement counterparties or other types of lenders free and clear of any liens. As of [_____], MSMCH was the repurchase agreement counterparty with respect to [__] of the [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] Mortgage Loans, with an aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of $[_______]. The certificate administrator is the interim custodian of the loan documents with respect to [__] of the [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] Mortgage Loans, which have an aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of $[_________]. In addition, the certificate administrator acts as interim servicer with respect to [__] of the [MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER] Mortgage Loans, which have an aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of $[_______].]

 

[ADD SIMILAR DISCLOSURE, IF APPLICABLE, FOR OTHER SPONSORS OR MORTGAGE LOAN SELLERS]

 

[The certificate administrator is also the certificate administrator, the custodian, the certificate registrar and the 17g-5 information provider under the [______] pooling and servicing agreement with respect to the [______] Whole Loan.]

 

[The master servicer is also the master servicer under the [______] pooling and servicing agreement with respect to the [______] Whole Loan.]

 

[The asset representations reviewer is also the asset representations reviewer under the [______] pooling and servicing agreement with respect to the [______] Whole Loan.]

 

[The special servicer is an affiliate of the entity that is expected to purchase the [____] certificates (and may purchase certain other classes of certificates) and to be appointed as the initial Directing Certificateholder.]

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer”, “—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Asset Representations Reviewer”, “—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Loan Holders” and “—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks”. For a description of certain other affiliations, relationships and related transactions, to the extent known and material, among the transaction parties, see the individual descriptions of the transaction parties under “Transaction Parties”.

 

Pending Legal Proceedings Involving Transaction Parties

 

While the sponsors have been involved in, and are currently involved in, certain litigation or potential litigation, including actions relating to repurchase claims, there are no legal proceedings pending, or any proceedings known to be contemplated by any governmental authorities, against the sponsors that are material to Certificateholders.

 

[For a description of certain other material legal proceedings pending against the transaction parties, see the individual descriptions of the transaction parties under “Transaction Parties”.]

 

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Use of Proceeds

 

Certain of the net proceeds from the sale of the Offered Certificates, together with the net proceeds from the sale of the other certificates not being offered by this prospectus, will be used by the depositor to purchase the mortgage loans from the mortgage loan sellers and to pay certain expenses in connection with the issuance of the certificates. [If applicable, disclosure of the amount of expenses payable from offering proceeds, separately identifying the type and amount of expenses paid to each of the sponsor, servicer, depositor, issuing entity, originator, underwriter, or any affiliate of the foregoing will be included as required by Item 1107(j) of Regulation AB.]

 

Yield and Maturity Considerations

 

Yield Considerations

 

General

 

The yield to maturity on the Offered Certificates will depend upon the price paid by the investors, the rate and timing of the distributions in reduction of the Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of the applicable class of Offered Certificates, the extent to which yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums allocated to the class of Offered Certificates are collected, and the rate, timing and severity of losses on the Mortgage Loans and the extent to which such losses are allocable in reduction of the Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of the class of Offered Certificates, as well as prevailing interest rates at the time of payment or loss realization.

 

Rate and Timing of Principal Payments

 

The rate and amount of distributions in reduction of the Certificate Balance of any class of Offered Certificates that are also Principal Balance Certificates (other than Exchangeable Certificates) or Trust Components (and, therefore, the related Exchangeable Certificates)) or the Trust Components (and, therefore, the related Exchangeable Certificates and the yield to maturity of any class of Offered Certificates will be directly related to the rate of payments of principal (both scheduled and unscheduled) on the Mortgage Loans, as well as borrower defaults and the severity of losses occurring upon a default and the resulting rate and timing of collections made in connection with liquidations of Mortgage Loans due to these defaults. Principal payments on the Mortgage Loans will be affected by their amortization schedules, lockout periods, defeasance provisions, provisions relating to the release and/or application of earnout reserves, provisions requiring prepayments in connection with the release of real property collateral, requirements to pay yield maintenance charges or prepayment premiums in connection with principal payments, the dates on which balloon payments are due, incentives for a borrower to repay an ARD Loan by the related Anticipated Repayment Date, property release provisions, provisions relating to the application or release of earnout reserves, and any extensions of maturity dates by the master servicer or the special servicer. While voluntary prepayments of some Mortgage Loans are generally prohibited during applicable prepayment lockout periods, effective prepayments may occur if a sufficiently significant portion of a mortgaged property is lost due to casualty or condemnation. In addition, such distributions in reduction of Certificate Balances of the respective classes of Offered Certificates that are also Principal Balance Certificates (other than Exchangeable Certificates) or Trust Components (and, therefore, the related Exchangeable Certificates) may result from repurchases of, or substitutions for, Mortgage Loans made by the sponsors due to missing or defective documentation or breaches of representations and warranties with respect to the Mortgage Loans as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”, purchases of the Mortgage Loans in the manner described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”, and the exercise of purchase options by the holder of companion loan, a mezzanine loan, if any, or the holder of the [LOAN SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced AB Whole Loan[—Purchase Option]”. To the extent a Mortgage Loan requires payment of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium in connection with a voluntary prepayment, any such yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium generally is not due in connection with a prepayment due to casualty or condemnation, is not included in the purchase price of a Mortgage Loan purchased or

 

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repurchased due to a breach of a representation or warranty or otherwise, and may not be enforceable or collectible upon a default.

 

Because the certificates with Notional Amounts are not entitled to distributions of principal, the yield on such certificates will be extremely sensitive to prepayments received in respect of the Mortgage Loans to the extent distributed to reduce the related Notional Amount of the applicable class of certificates. In addition, although the borrower under an ARD Loan may have certain incentives to prepay such ARD Loan on its Anticipated Repayment Date, we cannot assure you that the borrower will be able to prepay such ARD Loan on its related Anticipated Repayment Date. The failure of the borrower to prepay an ARD Loan on its Anticipated Repayment Date will not be an event of default under the terms of such ARD Loan, and pursuant to the terms of the PSA, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will be permitted to take any enforcement action with respect to the borrower’s failure to pay Excess Interest until the scheduled maturity of such ARD Loan; provided that the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, may take action to enforce the issuing entity’s right to apply excess cash flow to principal in accordance with the terms of the respective ARD Loan documents. [With respect to the Class A-SB certificates, the extent to which the planned balances are achieved and the sensitivity of the Class A-SB certificates to principal prepayments of the Mortgage Loans will depend in part on the period of time during which the Class [__], Class [__], Class [__], Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates remain outstanding. As such, the Class A-SB certificates will become more sensitive to the rate of prepayments on the mortgage loans than they were when the Class [__], Class [__], Class [__], Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates were outstanding.]

 

The extent to which the yield to maturity of any class of Offered Certificates may vary from the anticipated yield will depend upon the degree to which the certificates are purchased at a discount or premium and when, and to what degree, payments of principal on the Mortgage Loans are in turn distributed on the certificates or, in the case of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASSES] certificates with a Notional Amount, applied to reduce their Notional Amounts. An investor should consider, in the case of any certificate (other than a certificate with a Notional Amount) purchased at a discount, the risk that a slower than anticipated rate of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans could result in an actual yield to such investor that is lower than the anticipated yield and, in the case of any certificate purchased at a premium (including certificates with Notional Amounts), the risk that a faster than anticipated rate of principal payments could result in an actual yield to such investor that is lower than the anticipated yield. In general, the earlier a payment of principal on the Mortgage Loans is distributed or otherwise results in reduction of the Certificate Balance of a certificate purchased at a discount or premium, the greater will be the effect on an investor’s yield to maturity. As a result, the effect on an investor’s yield of principal payments distributed on an investor’s certificates occurring at a rate higher (or lower) than the rate anticipated by the investor during any particular period would not be fully offset by a subsequent like reduction (or increase) in the rate of principal payments.

 

The yield on each of the classes of certificates that have a Pass-Through Rate equal to, limited by, or based on, the WAC Rate could (or in the case of any class of certificates with a Pass-Through Rate equal to, or based on, the WAC Rate, would) be adversely affected if Mortgage Loans with higher Mortgage Rates prepay faster than Mortgage Loans with lower Mortgage Rates. The Pass-Through Rates on these classes of certificates may be adversely affected by a decrease in the WAC Rate even if principal prepayments do not occur.

 

Losses and Shortfalls

 

The Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of any class of Offered Certificates may be reduced without distributions of principal as a result of the occurrence and allocation of Realized Losses, reducing the maximum amount distributable in respect of principal on the Offered Certificates that are Principal Balance Certificates as well as the amount of interest that would have otherwise been payable on the Offered Certificates in the absence of such reduction. In general, a Realized Loss occurs when the principal balance of a Mortgage Loan is reduced without an equal distribution to applicable Certificateholders in reduction of the Certificate Balances of the certificates and the Trust Components (and, therefore, the Exchangeable Certificates). Realized Losses may occur in connection with a default

 

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on a Mortgage Loan, acceptance of a discounted pay-off, the liquidation of the related Mortgaged Properties, a reduction in the principal balance of a Mortgage Loan by a bankruptcy court or pursuant to a modification, a recovery by the master servicer or trustee of a Nonrecoverable Advance on a Distribution Date or the incurrence of certain unanticipated or default-related costs and expenses (such as interest on Advances, Workout Fees, Liquidation Fees and Special Servicing Fees). Any reduction of the Certificate Balances of the classes of certificates and the Trust Components indicated in the table below as a result of the application of Realized Losses will also reduce the Notional Amount of the related certificates.

 

Interest-Only
Class of Certificates

 

Class Notional Amount

 

Underlying Class or Trust
Components

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Certificateholders are not entitled to receive distributions of Periodic Payments when due except to the extent they are either covered by a P&I Advance or actually received. Consequently, any defaulted Periodic Payment for which no such P&I Advance is made will tend to extend the weighted average lives of the Offered Certificates, whether or not a permitted extension of the due date of the related Mortgage Loan has been completed.

 

Losses and shortfalls on any AB Whole Loan and Prepayment Interest Shortfalls for each Distribution Date with respect to an AB Whole Loan will generally be allocated first to the related Subordinate Companion Loan (and, in the case of the Trust Subordinate Companion Loan, correspondingly, the [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates to the extent not covered by the master servicer’s Compensating Interest Payment for such Distribution Date in the case of any Prepayment Interest Shortfall) and then to the related Mortgage Loan (and correspondingly to the Pooled Certificates to the extent not covered by the master servicer’s Compensating Interest Payment for such Distribution Date in the case of any Prepayment Interest Shortfall).

 

Certain Relevant Factors Affecting Loan Payments and Defaults

 

The rate and timing of principal payments and defaults and the severity of losses on the Mortgage Loans may be affected by a number of factors, including, without limitation, the availability of credit for commercial or multifamily real estate, prevailing interest rates, the terms of the Mortgage Loans (for example, due-on-sale clauses, lockout periods or yield maintenance charges, release of property provisions, amortization terms that require balloon payments and incentives for a borrower to repay its mortgage loan by an anticipated repayment date), the demographics and relative economic vitality of the areas in which the Mortgaged Properties are located and the general supply and demand for rental properties in those areas, the quality of management of the Mortgaged Properties, the servicing of the Mortgage Loans, possible changes in tax laws and other opportunities for investment. See “Risk Factors” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool”.

 

The rate of prepayment on the pool of Mortgage Loans is likely to be affected by prevailing market interest rates for Mortgage Loans of a comparable type, term and risk level as the Mortgage Loans. When the prevailing market interest rate is below a mortgage interest rate, a borrower may have an increased incentive to refinance its Mortgage Loan. Although the Mortgage Loans contain provisions designed to mitigate the likelihood of an early loan repayment, we cannot assure you that the related borrowers will refrain from prepaying their Mortgage Loans due to the existence of these provisions, or that involuntary prepayments will not occur. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans”.

 

With respect to certain Mortgage Loans, the related Mortgage Loan documents allow for the sale of individual properties and the severance of the related debt and the assumption by the transferee of such portion of the Mortgage Loan as-is allocable to the individual property acquired by that transferee, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. In addition, with respect to certain Mortgage Loans, the related Mortgage Loan documents allow for partial releases of individual Mortgaged Properties during a lockout

 

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period or during such time as a yield maintenance charge would otherwise be payable, which could result in a prepayment of a portion of the initial principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan without payment of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium. Additionally, in the case of a partial release of an individual Mortgaged Property, the related release amount in many cases is greater than the allocated loan amount for the Mortgaged Property being released, which would result in a greater than proportionate paydown of the Mortgage Loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Partial Releases”.

 

Depending on prevailing market interest rates, the outlook for market interest rates and economic conditions generally, some borrowers may sell Mortgaged Properties in order to realize their equity in the Mortgaged Property, to meet cash flow needs or to make other investments. In addition, some borrowers may be motivated by federal and state tax laws (which are subject to change) to sell Mortgaged Properties prior to the exhaustion of tax depreciation benefits.

 

We make no representation as to the particular factors that will affect the rate and timing of prepayments and defaults on the Mortgage Loans, as to the relative importance of those factors, as to the percentage of the principal balance of the Mortgage Loans that will be prepaid or as to which a default will have occurred as of any date or as to the overall rate of prepayment or default on the Mortgage Loans.

 

Delay in Payment of Distributions

 

Because each monthly distribution is made on each Distribution Date, which is at least [__] days after the end of the related Interest Accrual Period for the certificates, the effective yield to the holders of such certificates will be lower than the yield that would otherwise be produced by the applicable Pass-Through Rates and purchase prices (assuming the prices did not account for the delay).

 

Yield on the Certificates with Notional Amounts

 

The yield to maturity of the certificates with Notional Amounts will be highly sensitive to the rate and timing of reductions made to the Certificate Balances of the classes of certificates indicated in the table below and the related Trust Component, including by reason of prepayments and principal losses on the Mortgage Loans and other factors described above. The yield to maturity of the certificates with Notional Amounts will be highly sensitive to the rate and timing of reductions made to the Certificate Balances of the related certificates indicated in the table below and the related Trust Component, including by reason of prepayments and principal losses on the Mortgage Loans and other factors described above.

 

Interest-Only
Class of Certificates

 

Class Notional Amount

 

Underlying Class or Trust
Components

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Any optional termination by the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates would result in prepayment in full of the Offered Certificates and would have an adverse effect on the yield of a class of the certificates with Notional Amounts because a termination would have an effect similar to a principal prepayment in full of the Mortgage Loans and, as a result, investors in these certificates and any other Offered Certificates purchased at premium might not fully recoup their initial investment. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”.

 

Investors in the certificates with Notional Amounts should fully consider the associated risks, including the risk that an extremely rapid rate of prepayment or other liquidation of the Mortgage Loans could result in the failure of such investors to recoup fully their initial investments.

 

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Weighted Average Life

 

The weighted average life of a Regular Certificate and the Class [EC] certificates refers to the average amount of time that will elapse from the date of its issuance until each dollar allocable to principal of the certificate is distributed to the related investor. The weighted average life of a Regular Certificate and the Class [EC] certificates will be influenced by, among other things, the rate at which principal on the mortgage loans is paid or otherwise received, which may be in the form of scheduled amortization, voluntary prepayments, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds and Liquidation Proceeds. Distributions among the various classes of certificates will be made as set forth under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”.

 

Prepayments on Mortgage Loans may be measured by a prepayment standard or model. The “Constant Prepayment Rate” or “CPR” model represents an assumed constant annual rate of prepayment each month, expressed as a per annum percentage of the then-scheduled principal balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans (or, with respect to an AB Whole Loan, the related Mortgage Loan). The “CPY” model represents an assumed CPR prepayment rate after any applicable lockout period, any applicable period in which defeasance is permitted and any applicable yield maintenance period. The model used in this prospectus is the CPY model. As used in each of the following tables, the column headed “0% CPY” assumes that none of the Mortgage Loans is prepaid before its maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as the case may be. The columns headed [“25% CPY”, “50% CPY”, “75% CPY”] and “100% CPY” assume that prepayments on the Mortgage Loans are made (or, with respect to an AB Whole Loan, principal is allocated to the related Mortgage Loan) at those levels of CPR following the expiration of any applicable lockout period, any applicable period in which defeasance is permitted and any applicable yield maintenance period (except as described below). We cannot assure you, however, that prepayments of the Mortgage Loans (or, with respect to an AB Whole Loan, the related Mortgage Loan) will conform to any level of CPY, and we make no representation that the Mortgage Loans will prepay at the levels of CPY shown or at any other prepayment rate.

 

The following tables indicate the percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of each class of the Offered Certificates that would be outstanding after each of the dates shown at various CPYs and the corresponding weighted average life of each class of Offered Certificates. The tables have been prepared on the basis of the following assumptions (the “Modeling Assumptions”), among others:

 

scheduled Periodic Payments including payments due at maturity or anticipated repayment date of principal and/or interest on the Mortgage Loans will be received on a timely basis and will be distributed on the [__] day of the related month, beginning in [_________];

 

the Mortgage Rate in effect for each Mortgage Loan as of the Cut-off Date will remain in effect to the related maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as the case may be, and will be adjusted as required pursuant to the definition of Mortgage Rate;

 

the Mortgage Loan sellers will not be required to repurchase any Mortgage Loan, and none of the holders of the Controlling Class (or any other Certificateholder), the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates will exercise its option to purchase all the Mortgage Loans and thereby cause an early termination of the issuing entity and no holder of any [LOAN-SPECIFIC CLASS] certificates, subordinate companion loan, mezzanine debt or other indebtedness will exercise its option to purchase the related Mortgage Loan;

 

any principal prepayments on the Mortgage Loans will be received on their respective Due Dates after the expiration of any applicable lockout period, any applicable period in which defeasance is permitted, and any applicable yield maintenance period, in each case, at the respective levels of CPY set forth in the tables (without regard to any limitations in such Mortgage Loans on partial voluntary principal prepayment);

 

no Prepayment Interest Shortfalls are incurred and no prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges are collected;

389

 

the Closing Date occurs on [______];

 

each ARD Loan prepays in full on the related Anticipated Repayment Date;

 

the Pass-Through Rates, initial Certificate Balances and initial Notional Amount of the respective classes of Offered Certificates are as described in this prospectus;

 

the Administrative Cost Rate is calculated on the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans and in the same manner as interest is calculated on the Mortgage Loans;

 

no reserves, earnouts, holdbacks, insurance proceeds or condemnation proceeds are applied to prepay any related Mortgage Loan in whole or in part;

 

no additional trust fund expenses are incurred;

 

no property releases (or related re-amortizations) occur;

 

the optional termination is not exercised;

 

the Certificate Balance of the Class [EC] certificates at all times equals the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Exchangeable Certificates; and

 

there are no modifications or maturity date extensions in respect of the Mortgage Loans.

 

To the extent that the Mortgage Loans have characteristics that differ from those assumed in preparing the tables set forth below, a class of Offered Certificates may mature earlier or later than indicated by the tables. The tables set forth below are for illustrative purposes only and it is highly unlikely that the Mortgage Loans will actually prepay at any constant rate until maturity or that all the Mortgage Loans will prepay at the same rate. In addition, variations in the actual prepayment experience and the balance of the Mortgage Loans that prepay may increase or decrease the percentages of initial Certificate Balances (and weighted average lives) shown in the following tables. These variations may occur even if the average prepayment experience of the Mortgage Loans were to equal any of the specified CPY percentages. Investors should not rely on the prepayment assumptions set forth in this prospectus and are urged to conduct their own analyses of the rates at which the Mortgage Loans may be expected to prepay, based on their own assumptions. Based on the foregoing assumptions, the following tables indicate the resulting weighted average lives of each class of Offered Certificates and set forth the percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of the class of the certificate that would be outstanding after each of the dates shown at the indicated CPYs.

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [___] Certificates at the Respective CPYs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

Initial Percentage 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
           
           
           
           
           
Weighted Average Life (years)(1)          

 

 
(1)The weighted average life of the Class [__] certificates is determined by (a) multiplying the amount of each principal distribution on it by the number of years from the date of issuance of the Class [__] certificates to the related Distribution Date, (b) summing the results and (c) dividing the sum by the aggregate amount of the reductions in the principal balance of the Class [__] certificates.

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Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [__] Certificates at the Respective CPYs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

Initial Percentage 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
           
           
           
           
           
Weighted Average Life (years)(1)          

 

 
(1)The weighted average life of the Class [___] certificates is determined by (a) multiplying the amount of each principal distribution on it by the number of years from the date of issuance of the Class [___] certificates to the related Distribution Date, (b) summing the results and (c) dividing the sum by the aggregate amount of the reductions in the principal balance of the Class [___] certificates.

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [EC] Certificates at the Respective CPYs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

Initial Percentage 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
Weighted Average Life (years)(1)          

 

 
(1)The weighted average life of the Class [__] certificates is determined by (a) multiplying the amount of each principal distribution on it by the number of years from the date of issuance of the Class [__] certificates to the related Distribution Date, (b) summing the results and (c) dividing the sum by the aggregate amount of the reductions in the principal balance of the Class [__] certificates.

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity Tables

 

The following tables indicate the approximate pre-tax yield to maturity on a corporate bond equivalent basis on the Offered Certificates for the specified CPYs based on the assumptions set forth under “—Weighted Average Life” above. It was further assumed that the purchase price of the Offered Certificates is as specified in the tables below, expressed as a percentage of the initial Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, plus accrued interest from [_______] to the Closing Date.

 

The yields set forth in the following tables were calculated by determining the monthly discount rates that, when applied to the assumed streams of cash flows to be paid on the applicable class of Offered Certificates, would cause the discounted present value of such assumed stream of cash flows to equal the assumed purchase price of such class, and by converting such monthly rates to semi-annual corporate bond equivalent rates. Such calculations do not take into account shortfalls in collection of interest due to prepayments (or other liquidations) of the Mortgage Loans or the interest rates at which investors may be able to reinvest funds received by them as distributions on the applicable class of certificates (and, accordingly, do not purport to reflect the return on any investment in the applicable class of Offered Certificates when such reinvestment rates are considered).

391

 

The characteristics of the Mortgage Loans may differ from those assumed in preparing the tables below. In addition, we cannot assure you that the Mortgage Loans will prepay in accordance with the above assumptions (or, with respect to an AB Whole Loan, amounts will be allocated to the related Mortgage Loan in accordance with the above assumptions) at any of the rates shown in the tables or at any other particular rate, that the cash flows on the applicable class of Offered Certificates will correspond to the cash flows shown in this prospectus or that the aggregate purchase price of such class of Offered Certificates will be as assumed. In addition, it is unlikely that the Mortgage Loans will prepay in accordance with the above assumptions at any of the specified CPYs until maturity or that all the Mortgage Loans will so prepay at the same rate. Timing of changes in the rate of prepayments may significantly affect the actual yield to maturity to investors, even if the average rate of principal prepayments is consistent with the expectations of investors. Investors must make their own decisions as to the appropriate prepayment assumption to be used in deciding whether to purchase any class of Offered Certificates.

 

For purposes of this prospectus, prepayment assumptions with respect to the Mortgage Loans are presented in terms of the CPY model described under “—Weighted Average Life” above.

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class [__] Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price
(% of Initial Certificate Balance
of Class [__] certificates)

Prepayment Assumption (CPY)



0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class [__] Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price
(% of Initial Certificate Balance
of Class [__] certificates)

Prepayment Assumption (CPY)



0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           

392

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price
(% of Initial Notional Amount
of [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS]
certificates)

Prepayment Assumption (CPY)




0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price
(% of Initial Notional Amount
of [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS]
certificates)

Prepayment Assumption (CPY)



0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class [EC] Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price
(% of Initial Certificate Balance
of Class [EC] Certificates)

Prepayment Assumption (CPY)



0% CPY

25% CPY

50% CPY

75% CPY

100% CPY

           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           

 

Material Federal Income Tax Considerations

 

General

 

The following is a general discussion of the anticipated material federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the certificates (other than the Class R certificates). The discussion below does not purport to address all federal income tax consequences that may be applicable to particular categories of investors (such as banks, insurance companies, securities dealers, foreign persons, persons subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of their use of financial

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statements, investors whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, and investors that hold the certificates as part of a “straddle” or “conversion transaction”), some of which may be subject to special rules. The authorities on which this discussion is based are subject to change or differing interpretations, and any such change or interpretation could apply retroactively. This discussion reflects the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), as well as regulations (the “REMIC Regulations”) promulgated by the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the IRS. Investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors in determining the federal, state, local or any other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the certificates.

 

One or more separate real estate mortgage investment conduit (“REMIC”) elections will be made with respect to designated portions of the issuing entity (the “Subordinate Companion Loan REMIC”, the “Lower-Tier REMIC” (and, together with the Subordinate Companion Loan REMIC, the “Lower-Tier REMICs”) and the “Upper-Tier REMIC”, and, together, the “Trust REMICs”). The Lower-Tier REMICs will hold the Mortgage Loans [[FOR ARD LOANS] (excluding Excess Interest)] and certain other assets and will issue (i) one or more classes of regular interests (each a “Lower-Tier Regular Interest” and together with the regular interests issued by the Subordinate Companion Loan REMIC, the “Lower-Tier Regular Interests”) to the Upper-Tier REMIC and (ii) an uncertificated interest represented by the Class R certificates as the sole class of “residual interests” in each Lower-Tier REMIC.

 

The Upper-Tier REMIC will hold the Lower-Tier Regular Interests and will issue (i) the [SPECIFY CLASSES certificates] [[FOR EXCHANGEABLE CERTIFICATES] and each Trust Component], each representing a regular interest in the Upper-Tier REMIC (the “Regular Interests”) and (ii) an uncertificated interest represented by the Class R certificates as the sole class of “residual interest” in the Upper-Tier REMIC.

 

Qualification as a REMIC requires ongoing compliance with certain conditions. Assuming (i) the making of appropriate elections, (ii) compliance with the PSA [and any other governing documents], and (iii) compliance with any changes in the law, including any amendments to the Code or applicable Treasury regulations thereunder, in the opinion of [__], special tax counsel to the depositor, (a) each Trust REMIC will qualify as a REMIC on the Closing Date and thereafter, (b) each of the Lower-Tier Regular Interests will constitute a “regular interest” in the related Lower-Tier REMIC, (c) each of the Regular Interests will constitute a “regular interest” in the Upper-Tier REMIC and (d) the Class R certificates will evidence the sole class of “residual interests” in each Trust REMIC.

 

[In addition, in the opinion of [__], special tax counsel to the depositor, (i) [[FOR ARD LOANS] Excess Interest and the related distribution account] [[FOR EXCHANGEABLE CERTIFICATES] the Trust Components and the related distribution account] will be treated as a grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”) for federal income tax purposes under subpart E, part I of subchapter J of the Code, and (ii)[FOR ARD LOANS] the [ARD CLASS] certificates will represent undivided beneficial interests in the Excess Interest and the related distribution account] [[FOR EXCHANGEABLE CERTIFICATES] each class of Exchangeable Certificates will represent undivided beneficial interests in their respective Percentage Interests of the related Trust Component or Trust Components and related amounts in the related distribution account.].]

 

Qualification as a REMIC

 

In order for each Trust REMIC to qualify as a REMIC, there must be ongoing compliance on the part of such Trust REMIC with the requirements set forth in the Code. Each Trust REMIC must fulfill an asset test, which requires that no more than a de minimis portion of the assets of such Trust REMIC, as of the close of the third calendar month beginning after the Closing Date (which for purposes of this discussion is the date of the issuance of the Regular Interests, the “Startup Day”) and at all times thereafter, may consist of assets other than “qualified mortgages” and “permitted investments.” The REMIC Regulations provide a safe harbor pursuant to which the de minimis requirements will be met if at all times the aggregate adjusted basis of the nonqualified assets is less than 1% of the aggregate adjusted basis of all such Trust REMIC’s assets. Each Trust REMIC also must provide “reasonable arrangements” to prevent its residual interest from being held by “disqualified organizations” or their agents and must furnish applicable tax information to transferors or agents that violate this restriction. The PSA will provide that no

394

 

legal or beneficial interest in the Class R certificates may be transferred or registered unless certain conditions, designed to prevent violation of this restriction, are met. Consequently, it is expected that each Trust REMIC will qualify as a REMIC at all times that any of the Regular Interests are outstanding.

 

A qualified mortgage is any obligation that is principally secured by an interest in real property and that is either transferred to a REMIC on the Startup Day or is purchased by a REMIC within a three month period thereafter pursuant to a fixed price contract in effect on the Startup Day. Qualified mortgages include (i) whole mortgage loans such as the Mortgage Loans; provided that, in general, (a) the fair market value of the real property security (including buildings and structural components of the real property security) is at least 80% of the aggregate principal balance of such mortgage loan either at origination or as of the Startup Day (a loan-to-value ratio of not more than 125% with respect to the real property security) or (b) substantially all the proceeds of the mortgage loan or the underlying mortgages were used to acquire, improve or protect an interest in real property that, at the date of origination, was the only security for the mortgage loan, and (ii) regular interests in another REMIC, such as the Lower-Tier Regular Interests that will be held by the Upper-Tier REMIC. If a mortgage loan was not in fact principally secured by real property or is otherwise not a qualified mortgage, it must be disposed of within 90 days of discovery of such defect, or otherwise ceases to be a qualified mortgage after such 90-day period.

 

Permitted investments include “cash flow investments”, “qualified reserve assets” and “foreclosure property”. A cash flow investment is an investment, earning a return in the nature of interest, of amounts received on or with respect to qualified mortgages for a temporary period, not exceeding 13 months, until the next scheduled distribution to holders of interests in the Trust REMICs. A qualified reserve asset is any intangible property held for investment that is part of any reasonably required reserve maintained by the REMIC to provide for payments of expenses of the REMIC or amounts due on the regular or residual interests in the event of defaults (including delinquencies) on the qualified mortgages, lower than expected reinvestment returns, Prepayment Interest Shortfalls and certain other contingencies. [The Trust REMICs will not hold any reserve assets.] Foreclosure property is real property acquired by a REMIC in connection with the default or imminent default of a qualified mortgage and maintained by the REMIC in compliance with applicable rules and personal property that is incidental to such real property; provided that the mortgage loan sellers had no knowledge or reason to know, as of the Startup Day, that such a default had occurred or would occur. Foreclosure property may generally not be held after the close of the third calendar year beginning after the date the issuing entity acquires such property, with one extension that may be granted by the IRS.

 

A mortgage loan held by a REMIC will fail to be a qualified mortgage if it is “significantly modified” unless default is “reasonably foreseeable” or where the servicer believes there is a “significant risk of default” upon maturity of the mortgage loan or at an earlier date, and that by making such modification the risk of default is substantially reduced. A mortgage loan held by a REMIC will not be considered to have been “significantly modified” following the release of the lien on a portion of the real property collateral if (a) the release is pursuant to a defeasance permitted under the mortgage loan documents that occurs more than two years after the startup day of the REMIC or (b) following the release the loan-to-value ratio for the mortgage loan is not more than 125% with respect to the real property security. Furthermore, if the release is not pursuant to a defeasance and following the release the loan-to-value ratio for the mortgage loan is greater than 125%, the mortgage loan will continue to be a qualified mortgage if the release is part of a “qualified paydown transaction” in accordance with Revenue Procedure 2010-30.

 

In addition to the foregoing requirements, the various interests in a REMIC also must meet certain requirements. All of the interests in a REMIC must be either of the following: (i) one or more classes of regular interests or (ii) a single class of residual interests on which distributions, if any, are made pro rata. A regular interest is an interest in a REMIC that is issued on the Startup Day with fixed terms, is designated as a regular interest, and unconditionally entitles the holder to receive a specified principal amount (or other similar amount), and provides that interest payments (or other similar amounts), if any, at or before maturity either are payable based on a fixed rate or a qualified variable rate, or consist of a specified, nonvarying portion of the interest payments on the qualified mortgages. The rate on the specified portion may be a fixed rate, a variable rate, or the difference between one fixed or qualified

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variable rate and another fixed or qualified variable rate. The specified principal amount of a regular interest that provides for interest payments consisting of a specified, nonvarying portion of interest payments on qualified mortgages may be zero. An interest in a REMIC may be treated as a regular interest even if payments of principal with respect to such interest are subordinated to payments on other regular interests or the residual interest in the REMIC, and are dependent on the absence of defaults or delinquencies on qualified mortgages or permitted investments, lower than reasonably expected returns on permitted investments, unanticipated expenses incurred by REMIC or Prepayment Interest Shortfalls. A residual interest is an interest in a REMIC other than a regular interest that is issued on the Startup Day that is designated as a residual interest. Accordingly, each of the Lower-Tier Regular Interests will constitute a class of regular interests in the related Lower-Tier REMIC, each class of the Regular Interests will constitute a class of regular interests in the Upper-Tier REMIC, and the Class R certificates will represent the sole class of residual interest in each Trust REMIC.

 

If an entity fails to comply with one or more of the ongoing requirements of the Code for status as a REMIC during any taxable year, the Code provides that the entity or applicable portion of it will not be treated as a REMIC for such year and thereafter. In this event, any entity with debt obligations with two or more maturities, such as the Trust REMICs, may be treated as a separate association taxable as a corporation under Treasury regulations, and the certificates may be treated as equity interests in that association. The Code, however, authorizes the Treasury Department to issue regulations that address situations where failure to meet one or more of the requirements for REMIC status occurs inadvertently and steps are taken within a reasonable time to correct the failure. Investors should be aware, however, that the Conference Committee Report to the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (the “1986 Act”) indicates that the relief may be accompanied by sanctions, such as the imposition of a corporate tax on all or a portion of a REMIC’s income for the period of time in which the requirements for REMIC status are not satisfied.

 

Status of Certificates

 

Certificates held by a real estate investment trust will constitute “real estate assets” within the meaning of Code Section 856(c)(5)(B), and interest (including original issue discount) on the Regular Interests and income on the Class R certificates will be considered “interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property” within the meaning of Code Section 856(c)(3)(B) in the same proportion that, for both purposes, the assets of the issuing entity would be so treated. If at all times 95% or more of the assets of the issuing entity qualify for each of the foregoing treatments, the Regular Interests will qualify for the corresponding status in their entirety. For purposes of Code Section 856(c)(5)(B), payments of principal and interest on the Mortgage Loans that are reinvested pending distribution to holders of Regular Interests qualify for such treatment. For the purposes of the foregoing determinations, the Trust REMICs will be treated as a single REMIC. Certificates held by a domestic building and loan association will be treated as “loans . . . secured by an interest in real property which is . . . residential real property” within the meaning of Code Section 7701(a)(19)(C)(v) or as other assets described in Code Section 7701(a)(19)(C) only to the extent the Mortgage Loans are secured by residential real property. As of the Cut-off Date, [__] of the Mortgaged Properties securing [__] Mortgage Loans representing [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance, are multifamily properties. Holders of Regular Interests should consult their tax advisors whether the foregoing percentage or some other percentage applies to their Regular Interests. In addition, mortgage loans that have been defeased with government securities will not qualify for such treatment. Regular Interests will be “qualified mortgages” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3) for another REMIC. Moreover, Regular Interests held by certain financial institutions will constitute an “evidence of indebtedness” within the meaning of Code Section 582(c)(1).

 

Taxation of Regular Interests

 

General

 

Each class of Regular Interests (whether held directly or indirectly) represents one or more regular interests in the Upper-Tier REMIC. In general, interest, original issue discount and market discount on a Regular Interest will be treated as ordinary income to the holder of a Regular Interest (a “Regular

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Interestholder”), and principal payments on a Regular Interest will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the Regular Interestholder’s basis in the Regular Interest. The Regular Interests will represent newly originated debt instruments for federal income tax purposes. Regular Interestholders must use the accrual method of accounting with regard to the Regular Interests, including qualified stated interest thereon, regardless of the method of accounting otherwise used by such Regular Interestholders.

 

Original Issue Discount

 

Holders of Regular Interests issued with original issue discount generally must include original issue discount in ordinary income for federal income tax purposes as it accrues in accordance with the constant yield method, which takes into account the compounding of interest, in advance of receipt of the cash attributable to such income. The following discussion is based on temporary and final Treasury regulations (the “OID Regulations”) under Code Sections 1271 through 1273 and 1275 and on the provisions of the 1986 Act. Regular Interestholders should be aware, however, that the OID Regulations do not adequately address certain issues relevant to prepayable securities, such as the Regular Interests. To the extent such issues are not addressed in the OID Regulations, the certificate administrator will apply the methodology described in the Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act. No assurance can be provided that the IRS will not take a different position on those matters not currently addressed by the OID Regulations. Moreover, the OID Regulations include an anti-abuse rule allowing the IRS to apply or depart from the OID Regulations if necessary or appropriate to ensure a reasonable tax result in light of the applicable statutory provisions. A tax result will not be considered unreasonable under the anti-abuse rule, however, in the absence of a substantial effect on the present value of a taxpayer’s tax liability. Investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors as to the discussion in this prospectus and the appropriate method for reporting interest and original issue discount with respect to the Regular Interests.

 

Each Regular Interest will be treated as an installment obligation for purposes of determining the original issue discount includible in a Regular Interestholder’s income. The total amount of original issue discount on a Regular Interest is the excess of the “stated redemption price at maturity” of the Regular Interest over its “issue price”. The issue price of a class of Regular Interests is the first price at which a substantial amount of Regular Interests of such class is sold to investors (excluding bond houses, brokers and underwriters). Although unclear under the OID Regulations, the certificate administrator will treat the issue price of Regular Interests for which there is no substantial sale as of the issue date as the fair market value of such Regular Interests as of the issue date. The issue price of the Regular Interests also includes the amount paid by an initial Regular Interestholder for accrued interest that relates to a period prior to the issue date of such class of Regular Interests. The stated redemption price at maturity of a Regular Interest is the sum of all payments provided by the debt instrument other than any qualified stated interest payments. Under the OID Regulations, qualified stated interest generally means interest payable at a single fixed rate or a qualified variable rate; provided that such interest payments are unconditionally payable at intervals of one year or less during the entire term of the obligation. Because there is no penalty or default remedy in the case of nonpayment of interest with respect to a Regular Interest, it is possible that no interest on any class of Regular Interests will be treated as qualified stated interest. However, because the Mortgage Loans provide for remedies in the event of default, the certificate administrator will treat all payments of stated interest on the Regular Interests (other than the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] Certificates) as qualified stated interest (other than accrued interest distributed on the first Distribution Date for the number of days that exceed the interval between the Closing Date and the first Distribution Date). [Based upon the anticipated issue price of each such class and a stated redemption price equal to the par amount of each such class (plus such excess interest accrued thereon), it is anticipated that the Class [__] certificates will be issued with original issue discount for federal income tax purposes.]

 

It is anticipated that the certificate administrator will treat each class of [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificates as having no qualified stated interest. Accordingly, such classes will be considered to be issued with original issue discount in an amount equal to the excess of all distributions of interest expected to be received on such classes over their respective issue prices (including interest accrued prior to the Closing Date). Any “negative” amounts of original issue discount on such classes attributable

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to rapid prepayments with respect to the Mortgage Loans will not be deductible currently. The holder of a [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] certificate may be entitled to a deduction for a loss, which may be a capital loss, to the extent it becomes certain that such holder will not recover a portion of its basis in such class, assuming no further prepayments on the Mortgage Loans.

 

Under a de minimis rule, original issue discount on a Regular Interest will be considered to be zero if such original issue discount is less than 0.25% of the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest multiplied by the weighted average maturity of the Regular Interest. For this purpose, the weighted average maturity of the Regular Interest is computed as the sum of the amounts determined by multiplying the number of full years (i.e., rounding down partial years) from the issue date until each distribution in reduction of stated redemption price at maturity is scheduled to be made by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of each distribution included in the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest and the denominator of which is the stated redemption price at maturity or anticipated repayment date of the Regular Interest. The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act provides that the schedule of such distributions should be determined in accordance with the assumed rate of prepayment on the Mortgage Loans used in pricing the transaction, i.e., Scenario [_] [[FOR ARD LOANS]; provided that it is assumed that the ARD Loan prepays on its anticipated repayment date] (the “Prepayment Assumption”). See “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Weighted Average Life”. Holders generally must report de minimis original issue discount pro rata as principal payments are received, and such income will be capital gain if the Regular Interest is held as a capital asset. Under the OID Regulations, however, Regular Interestholders may elect to accrue all de minimis original issue discount, as well as market discount and premium, under the constant yield method. See “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method” below. [It is anticipated that the Class [__] certificates will be issued with de minimis original issue discount for federal income tax purposes.]

 

A holder of a Regular Interest issued with original issue discount generally must include in gross income for any taxable year the sum of the “daily portions”, as defined below, of the original issue discount on the Regular Interest accrued during an accrual period for each day on which it holds the Regular Interest, including the date of purchase but excluding the date of disposition. With respect to each such Regular Interest, a calculation will be made of the original issue discount that accrues during each successive full accrual period that ends on the day prior to each Distribution Date with respect to the Regular Interests, assuming that prepayments and extensions with respect to the Mortgage Loans will be made in accordance with the Prepayment Assumption. The original issue discount accruing in a full accrual period will be the excess, if any, of (i) the sum of (a) the present value of all of the remaining distributions to be made on the Regular Interest as of the end of that accrual period and (b) the distributions made on the Regular Interest during the accrual period that are included in the Regular Interest’s stated redemption price at maturity, over (ii) the adjusted issue price of the Regular Interest at the beginning of the accrual period. The present value of the remaining distributions referred to in the preceding sentence is calculated based on (i) the yield to maturity of the Regular Interest as of the Startup Day, (ii) events (including actual prepayments) that have occurred prior to the end of the accrual period and (iii) the assumption that the remaining payments will be made in accordance with the original Prepayment Assumption. For these purposes, the adjusted issue price of a Regular Interest at the beginning of any accrual period equals the issue price of the Regular Interest, increased by the aggregate amount of original issue discount with respect to the Regular Interest that accrued in all prior accrual periods and reduced by the amount of distributions included in the Regular Interest’s stated redemption price at maturity that were made on the Regular Interest that were attributable to such prior periods. The original issue discount accruing during any accrual period (as determined in this paragraph) will then be divided by the number of days in the period to determine the daily portion of original issue discount for each day in the period.

 

Under the method described above, the daily portions of original issue discount required to be included as ordinary income by a Regular Interestholder (other than a holder of a [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] Certificate) generally will increase to take into account prepayments on the Regular Interests as a result of prepayments on the Mortgage Loans that exceed the Prepayment Assumption, and generally will decrease (but not below zero for any period) if the prepayments are slower than the Prepayment

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Assumption. Due to the unique nature of interest only certificates, the preceding sentence may not apply in the case of the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] Certificates.

 

[Deferred Interest

 

Under the OID Regulations, all interest on a Regular Interest that may be deferred, even if it is payable as principal on another Regular Interest, is includible in the stated redemption price at maturity. Accordingly, any deferred interest that accrues with respect to a class of Regular Interests may constitute income to the holders of such Regular Interest prior to the time distributions of cash with respect to such deferred interest are made.]

 

Acquisition Premium

 

A purchaser of a Regular Interest at a price greater than its adjusted issue price and less than its remaining stated redemption price at maturity will be required to include in gross income the daily portions of the original issue discount on the Regular Interest reduced pro rata by a fraction, the numerator of which is the excess of its purchase price over such adjusted issue price and the denominator of which is the excess of the remaining stated redemption price at maturity over the adjusted issue price. Alternatively, such a purchaser may elect to treat all such acquisition premium under the constant yield method, as described under the heading “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method” below.

 

Market Discount

 

A purchaser of a Regular Interest also may be subject to the market discount rules of Code Sections 1276 through 1278. Under these Code sections and the principles applied by the OID Regulations in the context of original issue discount, “market discount” is the amount by which the purchaser’s original basis in the Regular Interest (i) is exceeded by the remaining outstanding principal payments and non-qualified stated interest payments due on a Regular Interest, or (ii) in the case of a Regular Interest having original issue discount, is exceeded by the adjusted issue price of such Regular Interest at the time of purchase. Such purchaser generally will be required to recognize ordinary income to the extent of accrued market discount on such Regular Interest as distributions includible in its stated redemption price at maturity are received, in an amount not exceeding any such distribution. Such market discount would accrue in a manner to be provided in Treasury regulations and should take into account the Prepayment Assumption. The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act provides that until such regulations are issued, such market discount would accrue, at the election of the holder, either (i) on the basis of a constant interest rate or (ii) in the ratio of interest accrued for the relevant period to the sum of the interest accrued for such period plus the remaining interest after the end of such period, or, in the case of classes issued with original issue discount, in the ratio of original issue discount accrued for the relevant period to the sum of the original issue discount accrued for such period plus the remaining original issue discount after the end of such period. Such purchaser also generally will be required to treat a portion of any gain on a sale or exchange of the Regular Interest as ordinary income to the extent of the market discount accrued to the date of disposition under one of the foregoing methods, less any accrued market discount previously reported as ordinary income as partial distributions in reduction of the stated redemption price at maturity were received. Such purchaser will be required to defer deduction of a portion of the excess of the interest paid or accrued on indebtedness incurred to purchase or carry the Regular Interest over the interest (including original issue discount) distributable on the Regular Interest. The deferred portion of such interest expense in any taxable year generally will not exceed the accrued market discount on the Regular Interest for such year. Any such deferred interest expense is, in general, allowed as a deduction not later than the year in which the related market discount income is recognized or the Regular Interest is disposed of. As an alternative to the inclusion of market discount in income on the foregoing basis, the Regular Interestholder may elect to include market discount in income currently as it accrues, in which case the interest deferral rule will not apply. Such election, if made, will apply to all market discount instruments acquired by such Regular Interestholder as of the first day of the taxable year for which the election is made and to all market discount instruments acquired thereafter and cannot be revoked without IRS consent. See “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method

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below regarding making the election under Code Section 1278 and an alternative manner in which such election may be deemed to be made.

 

Market discount with respect to a Regular Interest will be considered to be zero if such market discount is less than 0.25% of the remaining stated redemption price at maturity of such Regular Interest multiplied by the weighted average maturity of the Regular Interest remaining after the date of purchase. For this purpose, the weighted average maturity is determined by multiplying the number of full years (i.e., rounding down partial years) from the issue date until each distribution in reduction of stated redemption price at maturity is scheduled to be made by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of each such distribution included in the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest and the denominator of which is the total stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest. It appears that de minimis market discount would be reported pro rata as principal payments are received. Treasury regulations implementing the market discount rules have not yet been proposed, and investors should therefore consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of these rules as well as the advisability of making any of the elections with respect to such rules. Investors should also consult Revenue Procedure 92-67 concerning the elections to include market discount in income currently and to accrue market discount on the basis of the constant yield method.

 

Premium

 

A Regular Interest purchased upon initial issuance or in the secondary market at a cost greater than its remaining stated redemption price at maturity generally is considered to be purchased at a premium. If the Regular Interestholder holds such Regular Interest as a “capital asset” within the meaning of Code Section 1221, the Regular Interestholder may elect under Code Section 171 to amortize such premium under the constant yield method. Such election, if made, will apply to all premium bonds (the interest on which is not tax exempt) held by such Regular Interestholder as of the first day of the taxable year for which the election is made and to all premium bonds acquired thereafter. It cannot be revoked without IRS consent. See “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method” below regarding making the election under Code Section 171 and an alternative manner in which the Code Section 171 election may be deemed to be made. Final Treasury regulations under Code Section 171 do not, by their terms, apply to prepayable obligations such as the Regular Interests. The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act indicates a Congressional intent that the same rules that will apply to the accrual of market discount on installment obligations will also apply to amortizing bond premium under Code Section 171 on installment obligations such as the Regular Interests, although it is unclear whether the alternatives to the constant interest method described above under “—Market Discount” are available. Amortizable bond premium will be treated as an offset to interest income on a Regular Interest rather than as a separate deduction item. [It is anticipated that the Class [__] certificates will be issued with at a premium for federal income tax purposes.]

 

Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method

 

A holder of a debt instrument such as a Regular Interest may elect to treat all interest that accrues on the instrument using the constant yield method, with none of the interest being treated as qualified stated interest. For purposes of applying the constant yield method to a debt instrument subject to such an election, (i) “interest” includes stated interest, original issue discount, de minimis original issue discount, market discount and de minimis market discount, as adjusted by any amortizable bond premium or acquisition premium and (ii) the debt instrument is treated as if the instrument were issued on the holder’s acquisition date in the amount of the holder’s adjusted basis immediately after acquisition. It is unclear whether, for this purpose, the initial Prepayment Assumption would continue to apply or if a new prepayment assumption as of the date of the holder’s acquisition would apply. A holder generally may make such an election on an instrument by instrument basis or for a class or group of debt instruments. However, if the holder makes such an election with respect to a debt instrument with amortizable bond premium or with market discount, the holder is deemed to have made elections to amortize bond premium or to report market discount income currently as it accrues under the constant yield method, respectively, for all premium bonds held or acquired or market discount bonds acquired by the holder on the first day of the year of the election and for all such bonds acquired thereafter. The election is made on

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the holder’s federal income tax return for the year in which the debt instrument is acquired and is irrevocable except with the approval of the IRS. Investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the advisability of making such an election.

 

Treatment of Losses

 

Holders of the Regular Interests will be required to report income with respect to the Regular Interests on the accrual method of accounting, without giving effect to delays or reductions in distributions attributable to defaults or delinquencies on the Mortgage Loans, except to the extent it can be established that such losses are uncollectible. Accordingly, a Regular Interestholder may have income, or may incur a diminution in cash flow as a result of a default or delinquency, but may not be able to take a deduction (subject to the discussion below) for the corresponding loss until a subsequent taxable year. In this regard, investors are cautioned that while they generally may cease to accrue interest income if it reasonably appears that the interest will be uncollectible, the IRS may take the position that original issue discount must continue to be accrued in spite of its uncollectibility until the debt instrument is disposed of in a taxable transaction or becomes worthless in accordance with the rules of Code Section 166. The following discussion may not apply to holders of interest-only Regular Interests. Under Code Section 166, it appears that the holders of Regular Interests that are corporations or that otherwise hold the Regular Interests in connection with a trade or business should in general be allowed to deduct as an ordinary loss any such loss sustained (and not previously deducted) during the taxable year on account of any such Regular Interests becoming wholly or partially worthless, and that, in general, the Regular Interestholders that are not corporations and do not hold the Regular Interests in connection with a trade or business will be allowed to deduct as a short term capital loss any loss with respect to principal sustained during the taxable year on account of such Regular Interests becoming wholly worthless. Although the matter is not free from doubt, such non-corporate holders of Regular Interests should be allowed a bad debt deduction at such time as the principal balance of any class of such Regular Interests is reduced to reflect losses on the Mortgage Loans below such holder’s basis in the Regular Interests. The IRS, however, could take the position that non-corporate holders will be allowed a bad debt deduction to reflect such losses only after the classes of Regular Interests have been otherwise retired. The IRS could also assert that losses on a class of Regular Interests are deductible based on some other method that may defer such deductions for all holders, such as reducing future cash flow for purposes of computing original issue discount. This may have the effect of creating “negative” original issue discount that, with the possible exception of the method discussed in the following sentence, would be deductible only against future positive original issue discount or otherwise upon termination of the applicable class. Although not free from doubt, a holder of Regular Interests with negative original issue discount may be entitled to deduct a loss to the extent that its remaining basis would exceed the maximum amount of future payments to which such holder was entitled, assuming no further prepayments. No bad debt losses will be allowed with respect to the classes of interest-only Regular Interests, such as the [INTEREST-ONLY CLASS] Certificates. Regular Interestholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the appropriate timing, amount and character of any loss sustained with respect to such Regular Interests. Special loss rules are applicable to banks and thrift institutions, including rules regarding reserves for bad debts. Such taxpayers are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the treatment of losses on the Regular Interests.

 

Spread Maintenance Payments

 

Yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums actually collected on the Mortgage Loans will be distributed to the Class [__] certificates as described in “Description of the Certificates—Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums”. It is not entirely clear under the Code when the amount of yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums so allocated should be taxed to the holders of the Class [__] certificates, but it is not expected, for federal income tax reporting purposes, that yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums will be treated as giving rise to any income to the holder of such class of certificates prior to the certificate administrator’s actual receipt of yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums. Yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums, if any, may be treated as paid upon the retirement or partial retirement of the Class [__]

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certificates. The IRS may disagree with these positions. Certificateholders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the treatment of yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums.

 

Sale or Exchange of Regular Interests

 

If a Regular Interestholder sells or exchanges a Regular Interest, such Regular Interestholder will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between the amount received and its adjusted basis in the Regular Interest. The adjusted basis of a Regular Interest generally will equal the cost of the Regular Interest to the seller, increased by any original issue discount or market discount previously included in the seller’s gross income with respect to the Regular Interest and reduced by amounts included in the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest that were previously received by the seller, by any amortized premium, and by any deductible losses on the Regular Interest.

 

Except as described above with respect to market discount, and except as provided in this paragraph, any gain or loss on the sale or exchange of a Regular Interest realized by an investor that holds the Regular Interest as a capital asset will be capital gain or loss and will be long term or short term depending on whether the Regular Interest has been held for the long term capital gain holding period (more than one year). Such gain will be treated as ordinary income: (i) if the Regular Interest is held as part of a “conversion transaction” as defined in Code Section 1258(c), up to the amount of interest that would have accrued on the Regular Interestholder’s net investment in the conversion transaction at 120% of the appropriate applicable federal rate under Code Section 1274(d) in effect at the time the taxpayer entered into the transaction minus any amount previously treated as ordinary income with respect to any prior disposition of property that was held as part of such transaction; (ii) in the case of a non-corporate taxpayer, to the extent such taxpayer has made an election under Code Section 163(d)(4) to have net capital gains taxed as investment income at ordinary income rates; or (iii) to the extent that such gain does not exceed the excess, if any, of (a) the amount that would have been includible in the gross income of the Regular Interestholder if his yield on such Regular Interest were 110% of the applicable federal rate as of the date of purchase, over (b) the amount of income actually includible in the gross income of such Regular Interestholder with respect to the Regular Interest. In addition, gain or loss recognized from the sale of a Regular Interest by certain banks or thrift institutions will be treated as ordinary income or loss pursuant to Code Section 582(c). Long-term capital gains of certain non-corporate taxpayers generally are subject to a lower maximum tax rate than ordinary income of such taxpayers for property held for more than one year. The maximum tax rate for corporations is the same with respect to both ordinary income and capital gains.

 

Taxation of the [ARD Class] Certificates

 

[The [ARD Class] certificates will represent undivided beneficial interests in the Excess Interest. It is not entirely clear for federal income tax reporting purposes when Excess Interest will be treated as giving rise to income to the holders of the [ARD Class] certificates. It is likely that such amounts will be treated as one or more stripped coupons issued on the related anticipated repayment date of the ARD Loan, and that income will accrue thereon as original issue discount based upon the portion, if any, of the holder’s basis in the [ARD Class] certificate and the anticipated payments of Excess Interest receivable. It is not clear whether a prepayment assumption would be used in projecting such payments, or whether the contingent payment debt rules might apply to them. Moreover, it is possible that the IRS could require that income be accrued with respect to the Excess Interest commencing at an earlier date. In such event, if the related amounts are never received, the holder could have a loss, which may be a capital loss. Holders of [ARD Class] certificates are advised to consult their tax advisors as to the federal income tax treatment of Excess Interest.]

 

Taxation of Class [EC] and Exchangeable Certificates

 

The portion of the issuing entity consisting of the Trust Components will be classified as a trust under section 301.7701-4(c) of the Treasury regulations and the holders of the Exchangeable Certificates, which will evidence undivided beneficial ownership of all or a portion of one or more Trust Components, will be treated as the owners of the related Trust Component or Components under Code Section 671.

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The holder of a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate representing beneficial ownership of more than one Trust Component should account separately for its interest in each Trust Component as a separate Regular Interest. See “—Taxation of Regular Interests” above. A purchaser of a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate should allocate its basis in such certificate among the Trust Components represented by such certificate in accordance with their relative fair market values at the time of acquisition. Similarly, on the sale of a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate, the holder should allocate the amount received on the sale among the Trust Components in accordance with their relative fair market values at the time of sale. Prospective beneficial owners of Class [EC] certificates and Exchangeable Certificates should consult their tax advisors about the appropriate method of accounting for their interests in the Class [EC] certificates and Exchangeable Certificates.

 

[Exchangeable Certificates Representing Disproportionate Interests in Related Exchangeable Certificates. If a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate represents beneficial ownership of a disproportionate interest in the related Trust Components, then the tax consequences to the beneficial owner of the Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate will be determined under Code Section 1286, as discussed under “—Alternative Characterization”, below.]

 

Alternative Characterization. Under the OID Regulations, if two or more debt instruments are issued in connection with the same transaction or related transaction (determined based on all the facts and circumstances), those debt instruments are treated as a single debt instrument for purposes of the provisions of the Code applicable to original issue discount, unless an exception applies. Under this rule, if a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate represents beneficial ownership of two or more Trust Components, those Trust Components could be treated as a single debt instrument for original issue discount purposes. In addition, if the two or more Trust Components underlying a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate are aggregated for original issue discount purposes and a beneficial owner of a Class [EC] certificate (i) exchanges that Class [EC] certificate for separate Exchangeable Certificates, (ii) sells one of those separate Exchangeable Certificates and (iii) retains one or more of the remaining separate Exchangeable Certificates, the beneficial owner might be treated as having engaged in a “coupon stripping” or “bond stripping” transaction within the meaning of Code Section 1286. Under Code Section 1286, a beneficial owner of a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate that engages in a coupon stripping or bond stripping transaction must allocate its basis in the Class [EC] certificate between the separate Exchangeable Certificates sold and the separate Exchangeable Certificates retained in proportion to the relative fair market values of the related Trust Component or Trust Components as of the date of the stripping transaction. The beneficial owner then must recognize gain or loss on the separate Exchangeable Certificates sold using its basis allocable to the related Trust Component or Trust Components. Also, the beneficial owner then must treat the Trust Component or Trust Components relating to the separate Exchangeable Certificates retained as a newly issued debt instrument that was purchased for an amount equal to the beneficial owner’s basis allocable to that Trust Component or Trust Components. Accordingly, the beneficial owner must accrue interest and original issue discount with respect to the separate Exchangeable Certificates retained based on the beneficial owner’s basis in the related Trust Component or Trust Components.

 

As a result, when compared to treating each Trust Component underlying a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate as a separate debt instrument, aggregating the Trust Components underlying a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate could affect the timing and character of income recognized by a beneficial owner of a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate. Moreover, if Code Section 1286 were to apply to a beneficial owner of a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate, much of the information necessary to perform the related calculations for information reporting purposes generally would not be available to the trustee. Because it may not be clear whether the aggregation rule in the OID Regulations applies to the Class [EC] certificates and Exchangeable Certificates and due to the trustee’s lack of information necessary to report computations that might be required by Code Section 1286, the trustee will treat each Trust Component underlying a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate as a separate debt instrument for information reporting purposes. Prospective investors should note that, if the two or more Trust Components underlying a Class [EC] certificate or Exchangeable Certificate were aggregated, the timing of accruals of original issue discount applicable to a Class [EC] certificate Exchangeable Certificate could be different than that reported to

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holders and the IRS. Prospective investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors regarding any possible tax consequences to them if the IRS were to assert that the Trust Components underlying the Class [EC] certificates or Exchangeable Certificates should be aggregated for original issue discount purposes.

 

Taxation of Exchange. If a beneficial owner exchanges one or more separate classes of Exchangeable Certificates for a Class [EC] certificate, the exchange will not be taxable. Likewise, if a beneficial owner exchanges a Class [EC] certificate for one or more classes of separate Exchangeable Certificates, the exchange will not be taxable.]

 

3.8% Medicare Tax on “Net Investment Income”

 

Certain non-corporate U.S. holders will be subject to an additional 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income”, which may include the interest payments and any gain realized with respect to the certificates, to the extent of their net investment income that, when added to their other modified adjusted gross income, exceeds $200,000 for an unmarried individual, $250,000 for a married taxpayer filing a joint return (or a surviving spouse), or $125,000 for a married individual filing a separate return. The 3.8% Medicare tax is determined in a different manner than the regular income tax. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to their consequences with respect to the 3.8% Medicare tax.

 

Backup Withholding

 

Distributions made on the certificates, and proceeds from the sale of the certificates to or through certain brokers, may be subject to a “backup” withholding tax under Code Section 3406 on “reportable payments” (including interest distributions, original issue discount and, under certain circumstances, principal distributions) unless the Certificateholder is a U.S. Person and provides IRS Form W-9 with the correct taxpayer identification number; in the case of the Regular Interests, is a Non-U.S. Person and provides IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, identifying the Non-U.S. Person and stating that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. Person; or can be treated as an exempt recipient within the meaning of Treasury regulations Section 1.6049-4(c)(1)(ii). Any amounts to be withheld from distribution on the certificates would be refunded by the IRS or allowed as a credit against the Certificateholder’s federal income tax liability. Information reporting requirements may also apply regardless of whether withholding is required. Holders are urged to contact their own tax advisors regarding the application to them of backup withholding and information reporting.

 

Taxation of the Class R Certificates

 

Prospective investors in the Class R certificates should carefully read the following discussion. Prospective investors are cautioned that the REMIC taxable income on the Class R certificates and the tax liabilities on the Class R certificates will exceed cash distributions to the holder of the Class R certificates during some or all periods and such holder must have sufficient sources of funds to pay the tax liabilities. Due to the special tax treatment of REMIC residual interests, the after-tax return on the Class R certificates may be zero or negative. In the following discussion, the term “Residual Holder” refers to a holder of the Class R certificates. Unless otherwise noted below, the following discussion applies separately to the Class R certificates’ residual interest in each of the Lower-Tier REMIC and the Upper-Tier REMIC. A Residual Holder must account separately for its interest in each Trust REMIC and cannot offset gains from one Trust REMIC with losses from another Trust REMIC.

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Taxation of REMIC Income

 

Generally, the “daily portions” of REMIC taxable income or net loss will be includible as ordinary income or loss in determining the federal taxable income of the Residual Holder, and will not be taxed separately to the issuing entity. The daily portions of REMIC taxable income or net loss are determined by allocating the REMIC’s taxable income or net loss of the Residual Holder for each calendar quarter ratably to each day in such quarter and by allocating such daily portion to the Residual Holder that owned the Class R certificates on such day. REMIC taxable income is generally determined in the same manner as the taxable income of an individual using the accrual method of accounting, except that (i) the limitation on deductibility of investment interest expense and expenses for the production of income do not apply and (ii) all bad loans will be deductible as business bad debts. REMIC taxable income generally means the REMIC’s gross income less deductions. The REMIC’s gross income includes interest, original issue discount income and market discount income, if any, on the Mortgage Loans or Lower-Tier Regular Interests, as applicable, reduced by amortization of any premium on the Mortgage Loans or Lower-Tier Regular Interests, as applicable, plus income on reinvestment of cash flows plus income on the amortization or any premium on the Lower-Tier Regular Interests or the Regular Interests, as applicable, plus any cancellation of indebtedness income upon allocation of a Realized Loss to a Lower-Tier Regular Interest or a Regular Interest, as applicable. The Trust REMIC’s deductions include interest and original issue discount expense on the Regular Interest, and other administrative expenses or recognition of a loss with respect to the Mortgage Loans or Lower-Tier Regular Interests, as applicable. See “—Taxation of Regular Interests—General” above.

 

The taxable income recognized by the Residual Holder in any taxable year will be affected by, among other factors, the relationship between the timing of recognition of interest and original issue discount or market discount income or amortization of premium with respect to the Mortgage Loans or Lower-Tier Regular Interests, as applicable, on the one hand, and the timing of deductions for interest (including original issue discount) and income from the amortization of any premium on the Lower-Tier Regular Interests or the Regular Interests, as applicable, on the other hand. Because the Lower-Tier Regular Interests held by the Upper-Tier REMIC will likely be treated as a single, aggregate debt instrument, these timing differences are likely to occur in the Upper-Tier REMIC rather than the Lower-Tier REMIC. As a result, the Residual Holder may recognize taxable income without being entitled to receive a corresponding amount of cash. Consequently, the Residual Holder must have sufficient other sources of cash to pay any federal, state or local income taxes due as a result of such mismatching or unrelated deductions against which to offset such income, subject to the discussion of “excess inclusions” under “—Limitations on Offset or Exemption of REMIC Income” below.

 

Basis and Losses

 

The amount of any net loss of any Trust REMIC that may be taken into account by the Residual Holder is limited to the Residual Holder’s adjusted basis in the Class R certificates allocated to the related Trust REMIC as of the close of the quarter (or time of disposition of the Class R certificates, if earlier), determined without taking into account the net loss for the quarter. The initial adjusted basis of a purchaser in the Class R certificates is the amount, if any, paid for such certificates. Such adjusted basis will be increased by the amount of taxable income of such Trust REMIC reportable by the Residual Holder and will be decreased (but not below zero), first, by any cash distribution from such Trust REMIC and, second, by the amount of loss of such Trust REMIC reportable by the Residual Holder. Any loss that is disallowed on account of this limitation may be carried over indefinitely by the Residual Holder and may be used by the Residual Holder only to offset any income generated by the same Trust REMIC.

 

The Class R certificates may have a negative value if the net present value of anticipated tax liabilities exceeds the present value of anticipated cash flows in the Trust REMICs. The REMIC Regulations appear to treat the issue price of such a residual interest as zero rather than such negative amount for purposes of determining a REMIC’s basis in its assets. Regulations have been issued addressing the federal income tax treatment of “inducement fees” received by transferees of noneconomic residual interests. These regulations require inducement fees to be included in income over a period reasonably related to the period in which the Class R certificates are expected to generate

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taxable income or net loss to the Residual Holder. Under two safe harbor methods, inducement fees are permitted to be included in income: (i) in the same amounts and over the same period that the Residual Holder uses for financial reporting purposes; provided that such period is not shorter than the period the Trust REMICs are expected to generate taxable income or (ii) ratably over the remaining anticipated weighted average life of all the regular and residual interests issued by the Trust REMICs, determined based on actual distributions projected as remaining to be made on such interests under the applicable prepayment assumption. If the Residual Holder sells or otherwise disposes of the Class R certificates, any unrecognized portion of the inducement fee generally is required to be taken into account at the time of the sale or disposition. A prospective purchaser of the Class R certificates should consult with its tax counsel regarding the effect of these regulations.

 

Treatment of Certain Items of REMIC Income and Expense

 

Although it is anticipated that the certificate administrator will compute income and expense for each Trust REMIC in accordance with the Code and applicable Treasury regulations, the authorities regarding the determination of specific items of income and expense are subject to differing interpretations. The depositor makes no representation as to the specific method that the certificate administrator will use for reporting income and expenses, and different methods could result in different timing of reporting of taxable income or net loss to the Residual Holders or differences in capital gain versus ordinary income.

 

Original Issue Discount

 

Generally, each Trust REMIC’s deductions for original issue discount will be determined in the same manner as original issue discount income on Regular Interests as described under “—Taxation of Regular Interests—Original Issue Discount” above (treating the Lower-Tier Regular Interests as a single aggregate debt instrument), without regard to the de minimis rule described under that heading.

 

[Deferred Interest

 

Any deferred interest that accrues with respect to any adjustable rate mortgage loans held by a Lower-Tier REMIC will constitute income to such Lower-Tier REMIC and will be treated in a manner similar to the deferred interest that accrues with respect to the Regular Interests as described under
—Taxation of Regular Interests—Deferred Interest” above.]

 

Market Discount

 

Each Lower-Tier REMIC will have market discount income in respect of the Mortgage Loans if, in general, the basis of each Lower-Tier REMIC in the Mortgage Loans is exceeded by the Mortgage Loans’ unpaid principal balance. The Lower-Tier REMIC’s basis in a Mortgage Loan is generally such Mortgage Loan’s fair market value immediately after its transfer to the issuing entity. The REMIC Regulations provide that such basis is equal in the aggregate to the issue prices of all regular and residual interests in the related REMIC. The accrued portion of such market discount would be recognized currently as an item of ordinary income. Market discount income generally will accrue on a constant yield method.

 

Premium

 

If the basis of the related Trust REMIC in the Mortgage Loans or the Lower-Tier Regular Interests, as applicable, exceeds their respective unpaid principal balances, the related Trust REMIC will be considered to have acquired the Mortgage Loans or Lower-Tier Regular Interests, as applicable, at a premium equal to the amount of such excess. Each Lower-Tier REMIC’s basis in the Mortgage Loans and the Upper-Tier REMIC’s basis in the Lower-Tier Regular Interests is their respective fair market values, based on the aggregate of the issue prices of the regular and residual interests in the related Trust REMIC immediately after their transfer to the related Trust REMIC. In a manner analogous to the discussion under “—Taxation of Regular Interests—Premium” above, the Trust REMICs may elect under Code Section 171 to amortize premium under a constant interest method. Amortizable bond premium, if

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any, will be treated as an offset to interest income on the Mortgage Loans or Lower-Tier Regular Interests, as applicable, rather than as a separate deduction item.

 

Prohibited Transactions

 

The taxable income of a Trust REMIC will not include any item of income, gain, loss or deduction allocable to a prohibited transaction. See the discussion below under “—Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC—Prohibited Transactions.”

 

Disallowed Deductions

 

For purposes of computing Trust REMIC taxable income, the deductions and other items referred to in Code Section 703(a)(2), such as a deduction or credit for foreign taxes (except for investment expenses under Code Section 212), will not be allowed.

 

Limitations on Deduction of Certain Expenses

 

Subject to the changes under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that are discussed below, an investor in the Class R certificates that is an individual, estate or trust will be subject to limitation with respect to certain itemized deductions described in Code Section 67, to the extent that such itemized deductions, in the aggregate, do not exceed 2% of the investor’s adjusted gross income. In addition, Code Section 68 provides that itemized deductions otherwise allowable for a taxable year of an individual taxpayer with income above certain thresholds will be reduced by the lesser of (i) 3% of the excess, if any, of adjusted gross income over a specified statutory amount or (ii) 80% of the amount of itemized deductions otherwise allowable for such year. Such deductions may include deductions under Code Section 212 for all administrative and other non-interest expenses relating to the Trust REMICs. Such an investor that holds a Class R certificate either directly or indirectly through certain pass through entities may have its pro rata share of such expenses allocated to it as additional gross income, but may be subject to such limitation on deductions. In addition, such expenses are not deductible at all for purpose of computing the alternative minimum tax, and may cause such an investor to be subject to significant additional tax liability. As a result, the holders of the Class R certificates that are individuals, estates or trusts (holding the Class R certificates either directly or indirectly through a grantor trust, partnership, S corporation or certain other pass-through entities) may have taxable income in excess of cash distributions for the related period.

 

For taxable years starting after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act disallows “miscellaneous itemized deductions” within the meaning of Code Section 67 and suspends the general limitation imposed on itemized deductions by Code Section 68. Class R Certificateholders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on their investment.

 

Limitations on Offset or Exemption of REMIC Income

 

The Code provides that a portion (and in some cases, all) of the REMIC taxable income includible in determining the federal income tax liability of the Residual Holder will be subject to special treatment. That portion, referred to as the “excess inclusion”, is equal to the excess of the related Trust REMIC’s taxable income for the calendar quarter over the daily accruals for such quarterly period of (i) 120% of the long term applicable federal rate that would have applied to the Class R certificates (if they were a debt instrument) on the Startup Day under Code Section 1274(d), multiplied by (ii) the adjusted issue price of such certificate in the related residual interest at the beginning of such quarterly period. For this purpose, the adjusted issue price of the Class R certificates in the related residual interests at the beginning of a quarter is the related portion of the issue price, if any, of the Class R certificates, plus the amount of such daily accruals of REMIC income described in this paragraph for all prior quarters, decreased (but not below zero) by any distributions made to such Class R certificates from the related Trust REMIC prior to the beginning of such quarterly period. Accordingly, if the issue price of the Class R certificates is zero, initially all of the taxable income of the Trust REMICs is excess inclusion income.

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The Residual Holder’s REMIC taxable income consisting of the excess inclusion income generally may not be offset by other deductions, including net operating loss carryforwards, on the Residual Holder’s return. Further, if the Residual Holder is an organization subject to the tax on unrelated business income imposed by Code Section 511, the Residual Holder’s excess inclusions will be treated as unrelated business taxable income of the Residual Holder for purposes of Code Section 511. In addition, REMIC taxable income is subject to 30% withholding tax with respect to certain persons that are not U.S. Persons (as defined below), and the portion of REMIC taxable income attributable to excess inclusion income is not eligible for any reductions in the rate of withholding tax (by treaty or otherwise). See “—Taxation of Certain Foreign Investors—Class R Certificates” below. Finally, if a real estate investment trust or a regulated investment company owns Class R certificates, a portion (allocated under Treasury regulations yet to be issued) of dividends paid by the real estate investment trust or regulated investment company could not be offset by net operating losses of its shareholders. This would constitute unrelated business taxable income for tax exempt shareholders and would be ineligible for reduction of withholding to certain persons that are not U.S. Persons. The term “U.S. Person” means a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership (except to the extent provided in the applicable Treasury regulations) or other entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any State or the District of Columbia, including any entity treated as a corporation or partnership for federal income tax purposes, an estate that is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of the source of income, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust, and one or more such U.S. Persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of such trust (or, to the extent provided in the applicable Treasury regulations, certain trusts in existence on August 20, 1996 that have elected to be treated as U.S. Persons).

 

Subject to the changes made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, there are three rules for determining the effect of excess inclusions on the alternative minimum taxable income of the Residual Holder. First, alternative minimum taxable income of the Residual Holder is determined without regard to the special rule discussed above, that taxable income cannot be less than excess inclusions. Second, the Residual Holder’s alternative minimum taxable income for a taxable year cannot be less than the excess inclusions for the year. Third, the amount of any alternative minimum tax net operating loss deduction must be computed without regard to any excess inclusions.

 

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act repeals the corporate alternative minimum tax. Individual Class R Certificateholders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act’s impact on the computation of their alternative minimum tax.

 

[[ADD WHEN THERE ARE NON-U.S. MORTGAGED PROPERTIES] In addition, because the REMIC provisions of the Code do not allow a REMIC or the holder of a residual interest in such REMIC to deduct (or take a credit) for foreign taxes paid (or deemed paid), if any such taxes are paid (or deemed paid) for any taxable year, the residual holders will have “phantom income” in that taxable year equal to the amount of such taxes (and additional amounts paid by the related borrower, if any). Upon a sale of the Class R certificates or termination of the trust, the residual holders will have a loss equal to such amounts, but such loss will likely be a capital loss.]

 

Tax Related Restrictions on Transfer of the Class R Certificates

 

Disqualified Organizations. If any legal or beneficial interest in the Class R certificates is transferred to a Disqualified Organization (as defined below), a tax would be imposed in an amount equal to the product of (i) the present value of the total anticipated excess inclusion income with respect to the Class R certificates for periods after the transfer and (ii) the federal income tax rate applicable to corporations. The REMIC Regulations provide that the anticipated excess inclusion income is based on actual prepayment experience to the date of the transfer and projected payments based on the Prepayment Assumption. The present value rate equals the applicable federal rate under Code Section 1274(d) as of the date of the transfer for a term ending with the last calendar quarter in which excess inclusions are expected to accrue. Such rate is applied to the anticipated excess inclusions from the end of the remaining calendar quarters in which they apply to the date of the transfer. Such a tax generally would be imposed on the transferor of the Class R certificates, except that where such transfer

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is through an agent (including a broker, nominee or other middleman) for a Disqualified Organization, the tax would instead be imposed on such agent. However, a transferor of the Class R certificates would in no event be liable for such tax with respect to a transfer if the transferee furnishes to the transferor an affidavit stating that the transferee is not a Disqualified Organization and, as of the time of the transfer, the transferor does not have actual knowledge that such affidavit is false. The tax also may be waived by the IRS if the Disqualified Organization promptly disposes of the residual interest and the transferor pays income tax at the corporate rate on the excess inclusion for the period the Class R certificates are actually held by the Disqualified Organization.

 

In addition, if a Pass-Through Entity (as defined below) has excess inclusion income with respect to the Class R certificates during a taxable year and a Disqualified Organization is the record holder of an equity interest in such entity, then a tax is imposed on such entity equal to the product of (i) the amount of excess inclusion income that is allocable to the interest in the Pass-Through Entity during the period such interest is held by such Disqualified Organization and (ii) the federal corporate income tax rate. Such Pass-Through Entity would not be liable for such tax if it has received an affidavit from such record holder that it is not a Disqualified Organization or stating such holder’s taxpayer identification number and, during the period such person is the record holder of the Class R certificates, the Pass-Through Entity does not have actual knowledge that such affidavit is false.

 

For these purposes: (i) “Disqualified Organization” means the United States, any state or political subdivision of the United States, any foreign government, any international organization, any agency or instrumentality of any of the foregoing (provided that such term does not include an instrumentality if all of its activities are subject to tax and, except for the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, a majority of its board of directors is not selected by any such governmental entity), any cooperative organization furnishing electric energy or providing telephone service to persons in rural areas as described in Code Section 1381(a)(2)(C), and any organization (other than a farmers’ cooperative described in Code Section 521) that is exempt from taxation under the Code unless such organization is subject to the tax on unrelated business income imposed by Code Section 511; and (ii) ”Pass-Through Entity” means any regulated investment company, real estate investment trust, common trust fund, partnership, trust or estate and certain corporations operating on a cooperative basis. Except as may be provided in Treasury regulations, any person holding an interest in a Pass-Through Entity as a nominee for another will, with respect to such interest, be treated as a Pass-Through Entity.

 

The PSA will provide that no legal or beneficial interest in the Class R certificates may be transferred or registered unless, among other conditions (i) the proposed transferee furnishes to the certificate administrator an affidavit providing its taxpayer identification number and stating that such transferee is the beneficial owner of the Class R certificates and is not a Disqualified Organization or Disqualified Non-U.S. Person (as defined below) and is not purchasing the Class R certificates on behalf of a Disqualified Organization or Disqualified Non-U.S. Person (i.e., as a broker, nominee, or middleman of such person) and (ii) the transferor provides a statement in writing to the certificate administrator that it has no knowledge that the affirmations made by the transferee pursuant to such affidavit are false. Moreover, the PSA will provide that any attempted or purported transfer in violation of these transfer restrictions will be null and void and will vest no rights in any purported transferee. The Class R certificates will bear a legend referring to such restrictions on transfer, and the Residual Holder will be deemed to have agreed, as a condition of ownership of the Class R certificates, to any amendments to the PSA required under the Code or applicable Treasury regulations to effectuate the foregoing restrictions. For purposes of this discussion, “Disqualified Non-U.S. Person” means with respect to the Class R certificates, any Non-U.S. Person or its agent other than (a) a Non-U.S. Person that holds the Class R certificates in connection with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States and has furnished the transferor and the certificate registrar with an effective IRS Form W-8ECI or (b) a Non-U.S. Person that has delivered to both the transferor and the certificate registrar an opinion of a nationally recognized tax counsel to the effect that the transfer of the Class R certificates to it is in accordance with the requirements of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder and that such transfer of the Class R certificates will not be disregarded for federal income tax purposes. Information necessary to compute an applicable excise tax must be furnished to the IRS and to the requesting party within 60 days

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of the request, and the certificate administrator may charge a fee for computing and providing such information.

 

A “Non-U.S. Person” is a person other than a U.S. Person.

 

Noneconomic Residual Interests. The REMIC Regulations require certain transfers of a residual interest to be disregarded, in which case the transferor would continue to be treated as the owner of the residual interest and thus would continue to be subject to tax on its allocable portion of the net income of the REMIC. Under the REMIC Regulations, a transfer of a noneconomic residual interest (as defined below) to a Residual Holder (other than a Residual Holder that is not a U.S. Person) is disregarded for all federal income tax purposes if a significant purpose of the transferor is to impede the assessment or collection of tax. A residual interest in a REMIC (including a residual interest with a positive value at issuance) is a “noneconomic residual interest” unless, at the time of the transfer, (i) the present value of the expected future distributions on the residual interest at least equals the product of the present value of the anticipated excess inclusions and the corporate income tax rate in effect for the year in which the transfer occurs, and (ii) the transferor reasonably expects that the transferee will receive distributions from the REMIC at or after the time at which taxes accrue on the anticipated excess inclusions in an amount sufficient to satisfy the accrued taxes on each excess inclusion. The anticipated excess inclusions and the present value rate are determined in the same manner as set forth above under “—Disqualified Organizations”. Under these rules, it is anticipated that the Class R certificates will be a noneconomic residual interest. The REMIC Regulations explain that a significant purpose to impede the assessment or collection of tax exists if the transferor, at the time of the transfer, either knew or should have known that the transferee would be unwilling or unable to pay taxes due on its share of the taxable income of the REMIC. A safe harbor is provided if (i) the transferor conducted, at the time of the transfer, a reasonable investigation of the financial condition of the transferee and found that the transferee historically had paid its debts as they came due and found no significant evidence to indicate that the transferee would not continue to pay its debts as they came due in the future, (ii) the transferee represents to the transferor that it understands that, as the holder of the noneconomic residual interest, the transferee may incur tax liabilities in excess of cash flows generated by the interest and that the transferee intends to pay taxes associated with holding the residual interest as they become due, (iii) the transferee represents to the transferor that it will not cause income from the residual certificate to be attributable to a foreign permanent establishment or fixed base (within the meaning of an applicable income tax treaty) of the transferee or of any other person and (iv) one of the following tests is satisfied, either:

 

(a)  the present value of the anticipated tax liabilities associated with holding the noneconomic residual interest will not exceed the sum of:

 

(1)   the present value of any consideration given to the transferee to acquire the residual interest;

 

(2)   the present value of the expected future distributions on the residual interest; and

 

(3)   the present value of the anticipated tax savings associated with holding the residual interest as the REMIC generates losses; or

 

(b)  the following requirements will be satisfied:

 

(1)   the transferee must be a domestic “C” corporation (other than a corporation exempt from taxation or a regulated investment company or real estate investment trust) that meets certain gross and net asset tests (generally, $100 million of gross assets and $10 million of net assets for the current year and the two preceding fiscal years);

 

(2)   the transferee must agree in writing that any subsequent transfer of the residual interest would be to an eligible “C” corporation and would meet the requirement for a safe harbor transfer; and

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(3)   the facts and circumstances known to the transferor on or before the date of the transfer must not reasonably indicate that the taxes associated with ownership of the residual interest will not be paid by the transferee.

 

For purposes of computation of clause (a), the transferee is assumed to pay tax at the corporate rate of tax specified in the Code or, in certain circumstances, the alternative minimum tax rate. Further, present values generally are computed using a discount rate equal to the short term federal rate set forth in Code Section 1274(d) for the month of the transfer and the compounding period used by the transferee.

 

The PSA will require the transferee of the Class R certificates to certify to, among other facts, the matters in requirements clauses (i) through (iii) above as part of the affidavit described above under the heading “—Disqualified Organizations” and agree to provide the written certification prescribed in the following sentence if it subsequently transfers the Class R certificates. The transferor must certify in writing to the certificate administrator that, as of the date of the transfer, it had no knowledge or reason to know that such affirmations of the transferee were false. The PSA will not require that transfers of the Class R certificates meet the requirement of clause (iv) above. Consequently, those transfers may not meet the safe harbor. Persons considering the purchase of the Class R certificates should consult their advisors regarding the advisability of meeting the safe harbor in any transfer of a Class R certificate.

 

Foreign Investors. The REMIC Regulations provide that the transfer of a residual interest that has “tax avoidance potential” to a “foreign person” will be disregarded for all federal tax purposes. This rule appears intended to apply to a transferee that is not a U.S. Person, unless such transferee’s income is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States. A residual interest is deemed to have tax avoidance potential unless, at the time of the transfer, (i) the future value of expected distributions equals at least 30% of the anticipated excess inclusions after the transfer and (ii) the transferor reasonably expects that the transferee will receive sufficient distributions from the REMIC at or after the time at which the excess inclusions accrue and prior to the end of the next succeeding taxable year for the accumulated withholding tax liability to be paid. If the Non-U.S. Person transfers the residual interest back to a U.S. Person, the transfer will be disregarded and the foreign transferor will continue to be treated as the owner unless arrangements are made so that the transfer does not have the effect of allowing the transferor to avoid tax on accrued excess inclusions. Under these rules, it is anticipated that the Class R certificates will have tax avoidance potential. The Class R certificates generally may not be transferred to a person that is not a U.S. Person except under the circumstances described in this section.

 

In addition, a U.S. partnership having a partner that is not a U.S. Tax Person will be required to pay withholding tax in respect of excess inclusion income allocable to such non U.S. partner, even if no cash distributions are made to such partner. Similar rules apply to excess inclusion income allocable to Non-U.S. Tax Persons through certain other Pass-Through Entities.

 

Sale or Exchange of the Class R Certificates

 

Upon the sale or exchange of the Class R certificates, a Residual Holder will recognize gain or loss equal to the excess, if any, of the amount realized with respect to related residual interests over their adjusted bases (as described above under “—Taxation of the Class R Certificates—Basis and Losses”) of the Residual Holder in the Class R certificates at the time of the sale or exchange. In addition to reporting the taxable income of each REMIC, the Residual Holder will have taxable income to the extent that any cash distribution to it from the related REMIC exceeds the allocated portion of its adjusted basis on that Distribution Date. Such income will be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of the Class R certificates. It is unclear whether the termination of the Trust REMICs will be treated as a sale or exchange of the Residual Holder’s Class R certificates, although it is likely that it will not be so treated. If a termination were treated as a sale or exchange, and if the Residual Holder had an adjusted basis in the Class R certificates remaining when its interests in the Trust REMICs are terminated and held the Class R certificates as a capital asset under Code Section 1221, then it would recognize a capital loss at that time in the amount of such remaining adjusted basis.

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In addition, under Treasury regulations, a U.S. partnership having a partner that is not a U.S. Person will be required to pay withholding tax in respect of excess inclusion income allocable to such non-U.S. partner, even if no cash distributions are made to such partner. Similar rules apply to excess inclusion income allocable to Non-U.S. Persons through certain other Pass-Through Entities.

 

Any gain on the sale of the Class R certificates will be treated as ordinary income (i) if the Class R certificates are held as part of a “conversion transaction” as defined in Code Section 1258(c), up to the amount of interest that would have accrued on the Residual Holder’s net investment in the conversion transaction at 120% of the appropriate applicable federal rate in effect at the time the taxpayer entered into the transaction minus any amount previously treated as ordinary income with respect to any prior disposition of property that was held as a past of such transaction or (ii) in the case of a non-corporate taxpayer, to the extent such taxpayer has made an election under Code Section 163(d)(4) to have net capital gains taxed as investment income at ordinary income rates. In addition, gain or loss recognized from the sale of the Class R certificates by certain banks or thrift institutions will be treated as ordinary income or loss pursuant to Code Section 582(c).

 

The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act provides that, except as provided in Treasury regulations yet to be issued, the wash sale rules of Code Section 1091 will apply to dispositions of residual interests where the seller of the residual interest during the period beginning six months before the sale or disposition of the residual interest and ending six months after such sale or disposition, acquires (or enters into any other transaction that results in the application of Code Section 1091) any residual interest in any REMIC or any interest in a “taxable mortgage pool” (such as a non-REMIC owner trust) that is economically comparable to a residual interest.

 

Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC

 

Prohibited Transactions

 

Income from certain transactions by any Trust REMIC, called prohibited transactions, will not be part of the calculation of income or loss includible in the federal income tax returns of holders of the Class R certificates, but rather will be taxed directly to the Trust REMIC at a 100% rate. Prohibited transactions generally include (i) the disposition of a qualified mortgage other than for (a) substitution within two years of the Startup Day for a defective (including a defaulted) obligation (or repurchase in lieu of substitution of a defective (including a defaulted) obligation at any time) or for any qualified mortgage within three months of the Startup Day, (b) foreclosure, default or imminent default of a qualified mortgage, (c) bankruptcy or insolvency of the REMIC, or (d) a qualified (complete) liquidation, (ii) the receipt of income from assets that are not the type of mortgages or investments that the REMIC is permitted to hold, (iii) the receipt of compensation for services or (iv) the receipt of gain from disposition of cash flow investments other than pursuant to a qualified liquidation. Notwithstanding (i) and (iv), it is not a prohibited transaction to sell REMIC property to prevent a default on regular interests as a result of a default on qualified mortgages or to facilitate a qualified liquidation or a clean-up call. The REMIC Regulations indicate that the modification of a mortgage loan generally will not be treated as a disposition if it is occasioned by a default or reasonably foreseeable default, an assumption of a mortgage loan or the waiver of a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause. It is not anticipated that the Trust REMICs will engage in any prohibited transactions.

 

Contributions to a REMIC After the Startup Day

 

In general, a REMIC will be subject to a tax at a 100% rate on the value of any property contributed to the REMIC after the Startup Day. Exceptions are provided for cash contributions to the REMIC (i) during the three months following the Startup Day, (ii) made to a qualified reserve fund by a holder of a Class R certificate, (iii) in the nature of a guarantee, (iv) made to facilitate a qualified liquidation or clean-up call, and (v) as otherwise permitted in Treasury regulations yet to be issued. It is not anticipated that there will be any taxable contributions to the Trust REMICs.

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Net Income from Foreclosure Property

 

Each Lower-Tier REMIC will be subject to federal income tax at the corporate rate on “net income from foreclosure property”, determined by reference to the rules applicable to real estate investment trusts. Generally, property acquired by foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure would be treated as “foreclosure property” until the close of the third calendar year beginning after such Lower-Tier REMIC’s acquisition of a REO Property, with a possible extension. Net income from foreclosure property generally means gain from the sale of a foreclosure property that is inventory property and gross income from foreclosure property other than qualifying rents and other qualifying income for a real estate investment trust.

 

In order for a foreclosed property to qualify as foreclosure property, any operation of the foreclosed property by each Lower-Tier REMIC generally must be conducted through an independent contractor. Further, such operation, even if conducted through an independent contractor, may give rise to “net income from foreclosure property”, taxable at the corporate rate. Payment of such tax by each Lower-Tier REMIC would reduce amounts available for distribution to Certificateholders.

The special servicer will be required to determine generally whether the operation of foreclosed property in a manner that would subject each Lower-Tier REMIC to such tax would be expected to result in higher after-tax proceeds than an alternative method of operating such property that would not subject such Lower-Tier REMIC to such tax.

 

Taxation of Certain Foreign Investors

 

Regular Interests

 

Interest, including original issue discount, distributable to the Regular Interestholders that are nonresident aliens, foreign corporations or other Non-U.S. Persons will be considered “portfolio interest” and, therefore, generally will not be subject to a 30% United States withholding tax; provided that such Non-U.S. Person (i) is not a “10 percent shareholder” within the meaning of Code Section 871(h)(3)(B) or a controlled foreign corporation described in Code Section 881(c)(3)(C) with respect to the REMIC and (ii) provides the certificate administrator, or the person that would otherwise be required to withhold tax from such distributions under Code Section 1441 or 1442, with an appropriate statement, signed under penalties of perjury, identifying the beneficial owner and stating, among other things, that the beneficial owner of the Regular Interest is a Non-U.S. Person. The appropriate documentation includes IRS Form W-8BEN-E or W-8BEN, if the Non-U.S. Person is an entity (such as a corporation) or individual, respectively, eligible for the benefits of the portfolio interest exemption or an exemption based on a treaty; IRS Form W-8ECI if the Non-U.S. Person is eligible for an exemption on the basis of its income from the Regular Interest being effectively connected to a United States trade or business; IRS Form W-8BEN-E or W-8IMY if the Non-U.S. Person is a trust, depending on whether such trust is classified as the beneficial owner of the Regular Interest; and Form W-8IMY, with supporting documentation as specified in the Treasury regulations, required to substantiate exemptions from withholding on behalf of its partners, if the Non-U.S. Person is a partnership. With respect to IRS Forms W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E, W-8IMY and W-8ECI, each (other than IRS Form W-8IMY) expires after three full calendar years or as otherwise provided by applicable law. An intermediary (other than a partnership) must provide IRS Form W-8IMY, revealing all required information, including its name, address, taxpayer identification number, the country under the laws of which it is created, and certification that it is not acting for its own account. A “qualified intermediary” must certify that it has provided, or will provide, a withholding statement as required under Treasury regulations Section 1.1441-1(e)(5)(v), but need not disclose the identity of its account holders on its IRS Form W-8IMY, and may certify its account holders’ status without including each beneficial owner’s certification. A “non-qualified intermediary” must additionally certify that it has provided, or will provide, a withholding statement that is associated with the appropriate IRS Forms W-8 and W-9 required to substantiate exemptions from withholding on behalf of its beneficial owners. The term “intermediary” means a person acting as a custodian, a broker, nominee or otherwise as an agent for the beneficial owner of a Regular Interest. A “qualified intermediary” is generally a foreign financial institution or clearing organization or a non-U.S. branch or office of a U.S. financial institution or clearing organization that is a party to a withholding agreement with the IRS. 

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If such statement, or any other required statement, is not provided, 30% withholding will apply unless reduced or eliminated pursuant to an applicable tax treaty or unless the interest on the Regular Interest is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States by such Non-U.S. Person. In the latter case, such Non-U.S. Person will be subject to United States federal income tax at regular rates. Investors that are Non-U.S. Persons should consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific tax consequences to them of owning a Regular Interest.

 

Class R Certificates

 

The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act indicates that amounts paid to Residual Holders that are Non-U.S. Persons are treated as interest for purposes of the 30% (or lower treaty rate) United States withholding tax. Treasury regulations provide that amounts distributed to Residual Holders may generally qualify as “portfolio interest”, subject to the conditions described in “—Taxation of Regular Interests” above, but only to the extent that the assets of the REMIC to which the residual interest relates consist of obligations issued in registered form within the meaning of Code Section 163(f)(1). Generally, the Mortgage Loans will not be considered obligations issued in registered form. Moreover, a Residual Holder will not be entitled to any exemption from the 30% withholding tax (or lower treaty rate) to the extent of that portion of REMIC taxable income that constitutes an excess inclusion. See “—Taxation of the Class R Certificates—Limitations on Offset or Exemption of REMIC Income” above. If the amounts paid to Residual Holders that are Non-U.S. Persons are effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States, 30% (or lower treaty rate) withholding will not apply. Instead, the amounts paid to such Non-U.S. Persons will be subject to federal income tax at regular rates. See “―Taxation of the Class R Certificates—Tax Related Restrictions on Transfer of the Class R Certificates—Foreign Investors” above concerning the disregard of certain transfers having “tax avoidance potential”. Transfers of the Class R certificates to Non-U.S. Persons are generally prohibited unless the income on the Class R certificates is effectively connected as described above. See “—Taxation of the Class R Certificates—Tax Related Restrictions on Transfer of the Class R Certificates” above.

 

FATCA

 

Under the “Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act” (“FATCA”) provisions of the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act, a 30% withholding tax is generally imposed on certain payments, including U.S.-source interest payments, to “foreign financial institutions” and certain other foreign financial entities if those foreign entities fail to comply with the requirements of FATCA. The certificate administrator will be required to withhold amounts under FATCA on payments made to holders that are subject to the FATCA requirements and fail to provide the certificate administrator with proof that they have complied with such requirements. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of FATCA to their certificates.

 

Administrative Matters

 

REMIC Partnership Election

 

A “partnership representative” (as defined in Code Section 6223) will represent each REMIC in connection with any IRS and judicial proceeding relating to the REMIC and the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will designate the certificate administrator as such representative. Under the audit rules applicable to REMICs, (1) unless a REMIC elects otherwise, taxes arising from IRS audit adjustments are

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required to be paid by the REMIC rather than by its residual interest holders, (2) the partnership representative acts as a REMIC’s sole representative and its actions, including agreeing to adjustments to REMIC taxable income, are binding on the residual interest holders and (3) if the IRS makes an adjustment to a REMIC’s taxable year, the holders of residual interests for the audited taxable year may have to take the adjustment into account for the taxable year in which the adjustment is made rather than for the audited taxable year.

 

The certificate administrator will be designated as the partnership’s representative of each Trust REMIC and will have the authority to utilize, and will be directed to utilize, any elections available under the new provisions (including any changes) and IRS regulations so that holders of the Class R certificates, to the fullest extent possible, rather than any Trust REMIC itself, will be liable for any taxes arising from audit adjustments to such any REMIC’s taxable income. It is unclear how any such elections may affect the procedural rules available to challenge any audit adjustment that would otherwise be available in the absence of any such elections.

 

Investors should discuss with their own tax advisors the possible effect of the new rules on them.

 

Tax Reporting Requirements for Residual Holders

 

Certain tax information will be furnished quarterly to each Residual Holder who held a Class R Certificate on any day in the previous calendar quarter. Each Residual Holder is required to treat items on its return consistently with its treatment on each Trust REMIC’s returns, unless the Residual Holder either files a statement identifying the inconsistency or establishes that the inconsistency resulted from incorrect information received from the applicable Trust REMIC. The IRS may assert a deficiency resulting from a failure to comply with the consistency requirement without instituting an administrative proceeding at the REMIC level. Any person that holds a Class R Certificate as nominee for another person may be required to furnish the Certificate Administrator, in a manner to be provided in Treasury regulations, with the name and address of such person and other information.

 

Other Reporting Requirements

 

Each Trust REMIC will be required to maintain its books on a calendar year basis and to file federal income tax returns in a manner similar to a partnership. The form for such returns is IRS Form 1066, U.S. Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit (REMIC) Income Tax Return. The trustee will be required to sign each Trust REMIC’s returns.

 

Reports of accrued interest, original issue discount, if any, and information necessary to compute the accrual of any market discount on the Regular Interests will be made annually to the IRS and to individuals, estates, non-exempt and non-charitable trusts, and partnerships that are either Regular Interestholders or beneficial owners that own Regular Interests through a broker or middleman as nominee. All brokers, nominees and all other nonexempt Regular Interestholders (including corporations, non-calendar year taxpayers, securities or commodities dealers, placement agents, real estate investment trusts, investment companies, common trusts, thrift institutions and charitable trusts) may request such information for any calendar quarter by telephone or in writing by contacting the person designated in IRS Publication 938 with respect to the REMIC. Holders through nominees must request such information from the nominee.

 

The IRS’s Form 1066 has an accompanying Schedule Q, “Quarterly Notice to Residual Interest Holders of REMIC Taxable Income or Net Loss Allocation”. Treasury regulations require that Schedule Q be furnished by each Trust REMIC to each Residual Holder by the end of the month following the close of each calendar quarter (41 days after the end of a quarter under proposed Treasury regulations) in which such Trust REMIC is in existence.

 

Treasury regulations require that, in addition to the foregoing requirements, information must be furnished quarterly to each holder of a Class R certificate, furnished annually, if applicable, to holders of Regular Interests, and filed annually with the IRS concerning Code Section 67 expenses, see “—Limitations on Deduction of Certain Expenses” above, allocable to those Regular Interestholders.

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Furthermore, under those regulations, information must be furnished quarterly to each holder of a Class R certificate, furnished annually to the Regular Interestholders and filed annually with the IRS concerning the percentage of each Trust REMIC’s assets meeting the qualified asset tests described under “—Qualification as a REMIC” above.

 

[[FOR GRANTOR TRUSTS] In addition, the Grantor Trust may be subject to Treasury regulations providing specific reporting rules for “widely-held fixed investment trusts”. Under these regulations, the certificate administrator will be required to file IRS Form 1099 (or any successor form) with the IRS with respect to holders of [Class [EC] certificates and Exchangeable Certificates] [ARD Class] that are not “exempt recipients” (a term that includes corporations, trusts, securities dealers, middlemen and certain other non-individuals) and do not hold such certificates through a middleman, to report the issuing entity’s gross income and, in certain circumstances, unless the certificate administrator reports under the safe harbor as described in the last sentence of this paragraph, if any assets of the issuing entity were disposed of or certificates are sold in secondary market sales, the portion of the gross proceeds relating to the assets of the issuing entity that are attributable to such holder. The same requirements would be imposed on middlemen holding such certificates on behalf of the related holders. Under certain circumstances, the certificate administrator may report under the safe harbor for widely-held mortgage trusts, as such term is defined under Treasury regulations Section 1.671-5.

 

These regulations also require that the certificate administrator make available information regarding interest income and information necessary to compute any original issue discount to (i) exempt recipients (including middlemen) and non-calendar year taxpayers, upon request, in accordance with the requirements of the regulations and (ii) Certificateholders who do not hold their certificates through a middleman. The information must be provided to parties specified in clause (i) on or before the later of the [44th] [30th] day after the close of the calendar year to which the request relates and [28] [14] days after the receipt of the request. The information must be provided to parties specified in clause (ii) on or before March 15 of the calendar year for which the statement is being furnished.]]

 

Foreign Financial Assets

 

Holders who are individuals (and certain domestic entities that are formed or availed of for purposes of holding, directly or indirectly, “specified foreign financial assets”) may be subject to certain foreign financial asset reporting obligations with respect to their certificates held through a financial account maintained by a foreign financial institution if the aggregate value of their certificates and their other “specified foreign financial assets” exceeds $50,000. Significant penalties can apply if a holder fails to disclose its specified foreign financial assets. We urge you to consult your tax advisor with respect to this and other reporting obligations with respect to your certificates.

 

DUE TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THESE RULES AND THE CURRENT UNCERTAINTY AS TO THE MANNER OF THEIR APPLICATION TO THE ISSUING ENTITY AND CERTIFICATEHOLDERS, IT IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT THAT POTENTIAL INVESTORS CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE TAX TREATMENT OF THEIR ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE CERTIFICATES.

 

Certain State and Local Tax Considerations

 

In addition to the federal income tax consequences described in “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” above, purchasers of Offered Certificates should consider the state and local income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of the Offered Certificates. State and local income tax law may differ substantially from the corresponding federal law, and this discussion does not purport to describe any aspect of the income tax laws of any state or locality.

 

It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may attempt to tax nonresident holders of offered certificates solely by reason of the location in that jurisdiction of the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the sponsors, a related borrower or a mortgaged property or on some other basis, may require nonresident holders of certificates to file returns in such jurisdiction or may attempt to impose

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penalties for failure to file such returns; and it is possible that any such jurisdiction will ultimately succeed in collecting such taxes or penalties from nonresident holders of offered certificates. We cannot assure you that holders of offered certificates will not be subject to tax in any particular state, local or other taxing jurisdiction.

 

You should consult with your tax advisor with respect to the various state and local, and any other, tax consequences of an investment in the Offered Certificates.

 

Method of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)

 

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”), among the depositor and the underwriters, the depositor has agreed to sell to the underwriters, and the underwriters have severally, but not jointly, agreed to purchase from the depositor the respective Certificate Balance or the Notional Amount, as applicable, of each class of Offered Certificates set forth below subject in each case to a variance of 5%.

 

Class

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC

[OTHER UNDERWRITERS]

   
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         

 

The Underwriting Agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters will be subject to certain conditions precedent and that the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all Offered Certificates if any are purchased. In the event of a default by any underwriter, the Underwriting Agreement provides that, in certain circumstances, purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriter(s) may be increased or the Underwriting Agreement may be terminated.

 

The parties to the PSA have severally agreed to indemnify the underwriters, and the underwriters have agreed to indemnify the depositor and controlling persons of the depositor, against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and will contribute to payments required to be made in respect of these liabilities.

 

[IF NOT A FIRM COMMITMENT UNDERWRITING, DESCRIBE TERMS OF BEST EFFORTS UNDERWRITING, OR PLACEMENT AGENCY ARRANGEMENT OR DIRECT OFFERING BY DEPOSITOR, PROVIDED THAT ANY CONTINUOUS OFFERING MUST BE AN “ALL OR NOTHING” OFFERING. IF APPLICABLE, DESCRIBE SALES OF SECURITIES TO ANY LOAN SELLERS BY THE UNDERWRITERS]

 

The depositor has been advised by the underwriters that they propose to offer the Offered Certificates to the public from time to time in one or more negotiated transactions, or otherwise, at varying prices to be determined at the time of sale. [MODIFY THIS DISCLOSURE IF A FIXED PRICE OFFERING] Proceeds to the depositor from the sale of Offered Certificates will be approximately [___]% of the initial aggregate Certificate Balance of the Offered Certificates, plus accrued interest on the Offered Certificates from [______], before deducting expenses payable by the depositor. The underwriters may effect the transactions by selling the Offered Certificates to or through dealers, and the dealers may receive compensation in the form of underwriting discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters. In connection with the purchase and sale of the Offered Certificates, the underwriters and dealers may be

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deemed to have received compensation from the depositor in the form of underwriting discounts and commissions.

 

Expenses payable by the depositor are estimated at $[__], excluding underwriting discounts and commissions.

 

We anticipate that the Offered Certificates will be sold primarily to institutional investors. Purchasers of Offered Certificates, including dealers, may, depending on the facts and circumstances of those purchases, be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with reoffers and resales by them of Offered Certificates. If you purchase Offered Certificates, you should consult with your legal advisors in this regard prior to any reoffer or resale. The underwriters expect to make, but are not obligated to make, a secondary market in the Offered Certificates. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—The Certificates May Have Limited Liquidity and the Market Value of the Certificates May Decline”.

 

Pursuant to Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two (2) business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade Offered Certificates in the secondary market prior to such delivery should specify a longer settlement cycle, or should refrain from specifying a shorter settlement cycle, to the extent that failing to do so would result in a settlement date that is earlier than the date of delivery of such Offered Certificates.

 

The primary source of ongoing information available to investors concerning the Offered Certificates will be the monthly statements discussed under “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”. We cannot assure you that any additional information regarding the Offered Certificates will be available through any other source. In addition, we are not aware of any source through which price information about the Offered Certificates will be generally available on an ongoing basis. The limited nature of that information regarding the Offered Certificates may adversely affect the liquidity of the Offered Certificates, even if a secondary market for the Offered Certificates becomes available.

 

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, one of the underwriters, is an affiliate of the depositor and an affiliate of one of the sponsors and Morgan Stanley Bank, an originator. [________], one of the underwriters, is an affiliate of one of the sponsors. [___________], one of the underwriters, is an affiliate of one of the sponsors.

 

A substantial portion of the net proceeds of this offering (after the payment of underwriting compensation and transaction expenses) is expected to be directed to affiliates of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, [_______] and [_________], which are underwriters for this offering. That flow of funds will occur by means of the collective effect of the payment by the underwriters to the depositor, an affiliate of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, of the purchase price for the Offered Certificates, the payment described in the next paragraph and the following payments: (i) the payment by the depositor to MSMCH, an affiliate of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, in its capacity as a sponsor, of the purchase price for the mortgage loans to be sold to the depositor by MSMCH, (ii) the payment by the depositor to [________], an affiliate of [___________], in its capacity as a sponsor, of the purchase price for the mortgage loans sold to the depositor by Barclays and (iii) the payment by the depositor to [__________], an affiliate of [___________], in its capacity as a sponsor, of the purchase price for the mortgage loan sold to the depositor by [________]. See “Transaction PartiesThe Sponsors, Mortgage Loan Sellers and Originators”.

 

As a result of the circumstances described above in this paragraph and the prior paragraph, [__________], [__________] and [___________] have a “conflict of interest” within the meaning of Rule 5121 of the consolidated rules of The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. In addition, other circumstances exist that result in the underwriters or their affiliates having conflicts of interest, notwithstanding that such circumstances may not constitute a “conflict of interest” within the meaning of such Rule 5121. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests”.

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Each underwriter has represented and agreed that it has not offered, sold or otherwise made available and will not offer, sell or otherwise make available any offered certificates to any retail investor in the EEA. For the purposes of this provision:

 

                  (i)   The expression “retail investor” means a person who is one (or more) of the following:

 

(1)                 A retail client as defined in point (11) of article 4(1) of MiFID II;

 

(2)                 A customer within the meaning of the Insurance Mediation Directive, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of article 4(1) of MiFID II; or

 

(3)                 Not a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Directive.

 

            (ii)   The expression “offer” includes the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the offered certificates to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe to the offered certificates.

 

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that:

 

                          (i)     it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of the FSMA) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of the offered certificates in circumstances in which section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the issuing entity or the depositor; and

 

            (ii)   it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the offered certificates in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

 

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

 

[The following documents filed by the date of the filing of this prospectus filed in accordance with Rule 424(h) or Rule 424(b), as applicable, under the Securities Act are incorporated by reference into this prospectus:

 

(1)  The disclosures filed as exhibits to Form ABS–EE in accordance with Items 601(b)(102) and Item 601(b)(103) of Regulation S–K under the Securities Act;

 

(2)  ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE.

 

All reports filed or caused to be filed by the depositor with respect to the issuing entity before the termination of this offering pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that relate to the Offered Certificates (other than Annual Reports on Form 10-K) will be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus, except that if a Non-Serviced PSA is entered into after termination of this offering, any Current Report on Form 8-K filed after termination of this offering that includes as an exhibit such Non-Serviced PSA will be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

The depositor will provide or cause to be provided without charge to each person to whom this prospectus is delivered in connection with this offering (including beneficial owners of the Offered Certificates), upon written or oral request of that person, a copy of any or all documents or reports incorporated in this prospectus by reference, in each case to the extent the documents or reports relate to the Offered Certificates, other than the exhibits to those documents (unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference in those documents). Requests to the depositor should be directed in writing to its principal executive offices at 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036, Attention: President, or by telephone at (212) 761-4000.

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Where You Can Find More Information

 

The depositor has filed a Registration Statement on Form SF-3 (SEC File No. [______]) (the “Registration Statement”) relating to multiple series of CMBS, including the Offered Certificates, with the SEC. This prospectus will form a part of the Registration Statement, but the Registration Statement includes additional information. Copies of the Registration Statement and other materials filed with or furnished electronically to the SEC, including Distribution Reports on Form 10-D, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Forms ABS-15G, Forms ABS-EE, and any amendments to these reports may be accessed electronically at “http://www.sec.gov” at which you can view and download copies of reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed or furnished electronically through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (“EDGAR”) system.

 

The depositor has met the registrant requirements of Section I.A.1. of the General Instructions to the Registration Statement.

 

Copies of all reports of the issuing entity on Forms ABS-EE, 10-D, 10-K and 8-K will also be made available on the website of the [trustee][certificate administrator] as soon as reasonably practicable after these materials are electronically filed with, or furnished to the SEC through the EDGAR system.

 

Financial Information

 

The issuing entity will be newly formed and will not have engage in any business activities or have any assets or obligations prior to the issuance of the Offered Certificates. Accordingly, no financial statements with respect to the issuing entity are included in this prospectus.

 

The depositor has determined that its financial statements will not be material to the offering of the Offered Certificates.

 

Certain ERISA Considerations

 

General

 

The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA, and Code Section 4975 impose certain requirements on retirement plans, and on certain other employee benefit plans and arrangements, including individual retirement accounts and annuities, Keogh plans, collective investment funds, insurance company separate accounts and some insurance company general accounts in which those plans, accounts or arrangements are invested that are subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA or to Code Section 4975 (all of which are referred to as “Plans”), and on persons who are fiduciaries with respect to Plans, in connection with the investment of Plan assets. Certain employee benefit plans, such as governmental plans (as defined in ERISA Section 3(32)), and, if no election has been made under Code Section 410(d), church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA) are not subject to ERISA requirements. However, those plans may be subject to the provisions of other applicable federal, state or local law (“Similar Law”) materially similar to the foregoing provisions of ERISA or the Code. Moreover, those plans, if qualified and exempt from taxation under Code Sections 401(a) and 501(a), are subject to the prohibited transaction rules set forth in Code Section 503.

 

ERISA generally imposes on Plan fiduciaries certain general fiduciary requirements, including those of investment prudence and diversification and the requirement that a Plan’s investments be made in accordance with the documents governing the Plan. In addition, ERISA and the Code prohibit a broad range of transactions involving assets of a Plan and persons (“Parties in Interest”) who have certain specified relationships to the Plan, unless a statutory, regulatory or administrative exemption is available. Certain Parties in Interest that participate in a prohibited transaction may be subject to an excise tax imposed pursuant to Code Section 4975, unless a statutory, regulatory or administrative exemption is available. These prohibited transactions generally are set forth in Section 406 of ERISA and Code Section 4975. Special caution should be exercised before the assets of a Plan are used to purchase an offered certificate if, with respect to those assets, the depositor, any servicer or the trustee or any of their

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affiliates, either: (a) has investment discretion with respect to the investment of those assets of that Plan; or (b) has authority or responsibility to give, or regularly gives, investment advice with respect to those assets for a fee and pursuant to an agreement or understanding that the advice will serve as a primary basis for investment decisions with respect to those assets and that the advice will be based on the particular investment needs of the Plan; or (c) is an employer maintaining or contributing to the Plan.

 

Before purchasing any offered certificates with Plan assets, a Plan fiduciary should consult with its counsel and determine whether there exists any prohibition to that purchase under the requirements of ERISA or Code Section 4975, whether any prohibited transaction class exemption or any individual administrative prohibited transaction exemption (as described below) applies, including whether the appropriate conditions set forth in those exemptions would be met, or whether any statutory prohibited transaction exemption is applicable. Fiduciaries of plans subject to a Similar Law should consider the need for, and the availability of, an exemption under such applicable Similar Law.

 

Plan Asset Regulations

 

A Plan’s investment in offered certificates may cause the assets of the issuing entity to be deemed Plan assets. Section 2510.3-101 of the regulations of the United States Department of Labor (“DOL”), as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, provides that when a Plan acquires an equity interest in an entity, the Plan’s assets include both the equity interest and an undivided interest in each of the underlying assets of the entity, unless certain exceptions not applicable to this discussion apply, or unless the equity participation in the entity by “benefit plan investors” (that is, Plans and entities whose underlying assets include plan assets) is not “significant”. For this purpose, in general, equity participation in an entity will be “significant” on any date if, immediately after the most recent acquisition of any certificate, 25% or more of any class of certificates is held by benefit plan investors.

 

In general, any person who has discretionary authority or control respecting the management or disposition of Plan assets, and any person who provides investment advice with respect to those assets for a fee, is a fiduciary of the investing Plan. If the assets of the issuing entity constitute Plan assets, then any party exercising management or discretionary control regarding those assets, such as a master servicer, a special servicer or any sub-servicer, may be deemed to be a Plan “fiduciary” with respect to the investing Plan, and thus subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and Code Section 4975. In addition, if the assets of the issuing entity constitute Plan assets, the purchase of offered certificates by a Plan, as well as the operation of the issuing entity, may constitute or involve a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code.

 

Administrative Exemptions

 

The U.S. Department of Labor has issued to the predecessor of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC or a predecessor-in-interest thereto Prohibited Transaction Exemption 90-24, 55 Fed. Reg. 20,548 (May 17, 1990), (the “Exemption”). The Exemption generally exempts from the application of the prohibited transaction provisions of Sections 406 and 407 of ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed on prohibited transactions pursuant to Code Sections 4975(a) and (b), certain transactions, among others, relating to the servicing and operation of pools of mortgage loans, such as the pool of mortgage loans held by the issuing entity, and the purchase, sale and holding of mortgage pass-through certificates, such as the Offered Certificates, underwritten by Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, provided that certain conditions set forth in the Exemption are satisfied. The depositor expects that the Exemption generally will apply to the Offered Certificates.

 

The Exemption sets forth five general conditions that must be satisfied for a transaction involving the purchase, sale and holding of the Offered Certificates to be eligible for exemptive relief. First, the acquisition of the Offered Certificates by a Plan must be on terms (including the price paid for the Offered Certificates) that are at least as favorable to the Plan as they would be in an arm’s-length transaction with an unrelated party. Second, the Offered Certificates at the time of acquisition by the Plan must be rated in one of the four highest generic rating categories by at least one NRSRO that meets the requirements of the Exemption (an “Exemption Rating Agency”). Third, the trustee cannot be an affiliate of any other

421

 

member of the Restricted Group other than an underwriter. The “Restricted Group” consists of any underwriter, the depositor, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, any sub-servicer, any entity that provides insurance or other credit support to the issuing entity and any borrower with respect to mortgage loans constituting more than 5% of the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the mortgage loans as of the date of initial issuance of the Offered Certificates, and any affiliate of any of the foregoing entities. Fourth, the sum of all payments made to and retained by the underwriters must represent not more than reasonable compensation for underwriting the Offered Certificates, the sum of all payments made to and retained by the depositor pursuant to the assignment of the mortgage loans to the issuing entity must represent not more than the fair market value of the mortgage loans and the sum of all payments made to and retained by the master servicer, the special servicer and any sub-servicer must represent not more than reasonable compensation for that person’s services under the PSA and reimbursement of the person’s reasonable expenses in connection therewith. Fifth, the investing Plan must be an accredited investor as defined in Rule 501(a)(1) of Regulation D under the Securities Act.

 

It is a condition of the issuance of the Offered Certificates that they have the ratings described above required by the Exemption and the depositor believes that each of the Rating Agencies qualifies as an Exemption Rating Agency. Consequently, the second general condition set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the Offered Certificates as of the Closing Date. As of the Closing Date, the third general condition set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the Offered Certificates. In addition, the depositor believes that the fourth general condition set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the Offered Certificates. A fiduciary of a Plan contemplating purchasing an Offered Certificate in the secondary market must make its own determination that, at the time of purchase, the Offered Certificates continue to satisfy the second general condition set forth above. A fiduciary of a Plan contemplating purchasing an Offered Certificate, whether in the initial issuance of the Offered Certificates or in the secondary market, must make its own determination that the first and fifth general conditions set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the related Offered Certificate.

 

The Exemption also requires that the issuing entity meet the following requirements: (1) the issuing entity must consist solely of assets of the type that have been included in other investment pools; (2) certificates in those other investment pools must have been rated in one of the four highest categories by at least one of the Exemption Rating Agencies for at least one year prior to the Plan’s acquisition of Offered Certificates; and (3) certificates in those other investment pools must have been purchased by investors other than Plans for at least one year prior to any Plan’s acquisition of Offered Certificates.

 

The depositor believes that the conditions to the applicability of the Exemption will generally be met with respect to the Offered Certificates, other than those conditions which are dependent on facts unknown to the depositor or which it cannot control, such as those relating to the circumstances of the Plan purchaser or the Plan fiduciary making the decision to purchase any such Offered Certificates.

 

If the general conditions of the Exemption are satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(a) and 407(a) of ERISA (as well as the excise taxes imposed by Code Sections 4975(a) and (b) by reason of Code Sections 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D)) in connection with (1) the direct or indirect sale, exchange or transfer of Offered Certificates in the initial issuance of certificates between the depositor or the underwriters and a Plan when the depositor, any of the underwriters, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, a sub-servicer or a borrower is a party in interest with respect to the investing Plan, (2) the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary market of the Offered Certificates by an Plan and (3) the holding of Offered Certificates by a Plan. However, no exemption is provided from the restrictions of Sections 406(a)(1)(E), 406(a)(2) and 407 of ERISA for the acquisition or holding of an Offered Certificate on behalf of an “Excluded Plan” by any person who has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to the assets of the Excluded Plan. For purposes of this prospectus, an “Excluded Plan” is a Plan sponsored by any member of the Restricted Group.

 

If certain specific conditions of the Exemption are also satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(b)(1) and (b)(2) of ERISA and the taxes imposed by Code Section 4975(c)(1)(E) in connection with (1) the direct or indirect sale, exchange or transfer of Offered Certificates in the initial issuance of certificates between the depositor or the

 

422

 

 

underwriters and a Plan when the person who has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to the investment of Plan assets in those certificates is (a) a borrower with respect to 5% or less of the fair market value of the mortgage loans or (b) an affiliate of that person, (2) the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary market of Offered Certificates by a Plan and (3) the holding of Offered Certificates by a Plan.

 

Further, if certain specific conditions of the Exemption are satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(a), 406(b) and 407(a) of ERISA, and the taxes imposed by Code Sections 4975(a) and (b) by reason of Code Section 4975(c) for transactions in connection with the servicing, management and operation of the pool of mortgage loans.

 

A fiduciary of a Plan should consult with its counsel with respect to the applicability of the Exemption. The fiduciary of a plan not subject to ERISA or Code Section 4975, such as a governmental plan, should determine the need for and availability of exemptive relief under applicable Similar Law. A purchaser of an Offered Certificate should be aware, however, that even if the conditions specified in one or more exemptions are satisfied, the scope of relief provided by an exemption may not cover all acts which might be construed as prohibited transactions.

 

Insurance Company General Accounts

 

Sections I and III of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption (“PTCE”) 95-60 exempt from the application of the prohibited transaction provisions of Sections 406(a), 406(b) and 407(a) of ERISA and Code Section 4975 transactions in connection with the acquisition of a security (such as a certificate issued by the issuing entity) as well as the servicing, management and operation of a trust (such as the issuing entity) in which an insurance company general account has an interest as a result of its acquisition of certificates issued by the issuing entity, provided that certain conditions are satisfied. If these conditions are met, insurance company general accounts investing assets that are treated as assets of Plans would be allowed to purchase certain classes of certificates which do not meet the ratings requirements of the Exemption. All other conditions of the Exemption would have to be satisfied in order for PTCE 95-60 to be available. Before purchasing any class of offered certificates, an insurance company general account seeking to rely on Sections I and III of PTCE 95-60 should itself confirm that all applicable conditions and other requirements have been satisfied.

 

Section 401(c) of ERISA provides certain exemptive relief from the provisions of Part 4 of Title I of ERISA and Code Section 4975, including the prohibited transaction restrictions imposed by ERISA and the related excise taxes imposed by the Code, for transactions involving an insurance company general account. Pursuant to Section 401(c) of ERISA, the DOL issued regulations (“401(c) Regulations”), generally effective July 5, 2001, to provide guidance for the purpose of determining, in cases where insurance policies supported by an insured’s general account are issued to or for the benefit of a Plan on or before December 31, 1998, which general account assets constitute Plan assets. Any assets of an insurance company general account which support insurance policies issued to a Plan after December 31, 1998 or issued to Plans on or before December 31, 1998 for which the insurance company does not comply with the 401(c) Regulations may be treated as Plan assets. In addition, because Section 401(c) of ERISA does not relate to insurance company separate accounts, separate account assets are still generally treated as Plan assets of any Plan invested in that separate account. Insurance companies contemplating the investment of general account assets in the offered certificates should consult with their counsel with respect to the applicability of Section 401(c) of ERISA.

 

Unrelated Business Taxable Income; Residual Certificates

 

The purchase of a Residual Certificate by any employee benefit plan qualified under Code Section 401(a) and exempt from taxation under Code Section 501(a), including most varieties of Plans, may give rise to “unrelated business taxable income” as described in Code Sections 511-515 and 860E. Further, prior to the purchase of Residual Certificates, a prospective transferee may be required to provide an affidavit to a transferor that it is not, nor is it purchasing a Residual Certificate on behalf of, a [“Disqualified Organization”],which term as defined above includes certain tax-exempt entities not subject

423

 

to Code Section 511 including certain governmental plans, as discussed above under the caption “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC—Prohibited Transactions.”

 

Due to the complexity of these rules and the penalties imposed upon persons involved in prohibited transactions, it is particularly important that potential investors who are Plan fiduciaries or who are investing Plan assets consult with their counsel regarding the consequences under ERISA and the Code of their acquisition and ownership of certificates.

 

THE SALE OF OFFERED CERTIFICATES TO A PLAN IS IN NO RESPECT A REPRESENTATION BY THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY OF THE UNDERWRITERS THAT THIS INVESTMENT MEETS ANY RELEVANT LEGAL REQUIREMENTS WITH RESPECT TO INVESTMENTS BY PLANS GENERALLY OR ANY PARTICULAR PLAN, OR THAT THIS INVESTMENT IS APPROPRIATE FOR PLANS GENERALLY OR ANY PARTICULAR PLAN.

 

Legal Investment

 

[SPECIFY CLASSES] [None of the] classes of Offered Certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities” for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended (“SMMEA”). Generally, the only classes of Offered Certificates which will qualify as “mortgage related securities” will be those that (1) are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization, as defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act (“NRSRO”); and (2) are part of a series evidencing interests in a trust consisting of loans originated by certain types of originators specified in SMMEA and secured by first liens on real estate.

 

Although Section 939(e) of the Dodd-Frank Act amended SMMEA, effective July 21, 2012, so as to require the SEC to establish creditworthiness standards by that date in substitution for the foregoing ratings test, the SEC has neither proposed nor adopted a rule establishing new creditworthiness standards for purposes of SMMEA as of the date of this prospectus. However, the SEC has issued a transitional interpretation (Release No. 34-67448 (effective July 20, 2012)), which provides that, until such time as final rules establishing new standards of creditworthiness become effective, the standard of creditworthiness for purposes of the definition of the term “mortgage related security” is a security that is rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one NRSRO. Depending on the standards of creditworthiness that are ultimately established by the SEC, it is possible that certain classes of Offered Certificates specified to be “mortgage related securities” for purposes of SMMEA may no longer qualify as such as of the time such new standards are effective.

 

The appropriate characterization of the Offered Certificates under various legal investment restrictions, and thus the ability of investors subject to those restrictions to purchase the Offered Certificates, are subject to significant interpretive uncertainties. We make no representation as to the proper characterization of the Offered Certificates for legal investment, financial institution regulatory, or other purposes, or as to the ability of particular investors to purchase any Offered Certificates under applicable legal investment restrictions. Further, any ratings downgrade of a class of Offered Certificates by an NRSRO to less than an “investment grade” rating (i.e., lower than the top four rating categories) may adversely affect the ability of an investor to purchase or retain, or otherwise impact the regulatory characteristics of, that class. The uncertainties described above (and any unfavorable future determinations concerning the legal investment or financial institution regulatory characteristics of the Offered Certificates) may adversely affect the liquidity and market value of the Offered Certificates.

 

Accordingly, if your investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements, or review by regulatory authorities, you should consult with your own legal advisors in determining whether and to what extent the Offered Certificates constitute legal investments or are subject to investment, capital, or other regulatory restrictions.

 

The issuing entity will not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment

424

 

company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity will not be relying upon Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a basis for not registering under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act.

 

Legal Matters

 

The validity of the certificates and material federal income tax matters will be passed upon for the depositor by Sidley Austin llp. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by [________].

 

Ratings

 

It is a condition to their issuance that the Offered Certificates receive investment grade credit ratings from each of the [__] Rating Agencies.

 

We are not obligated to maintain any particular rating with respect to any class of Offered Certificates. Changes affecting the Mortgaged Properties, the parties to the PSA or another person may have an adverse effect on the ratings of the Offered Certificates, and thus on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the Offered Certificates, although such adverse changes would not necessarily be an event of default under the applicable Mortgage Loan.

 

The ratings address the likelihood of full and timely receipt by the Certificateholders of all distributions of interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate on the Offered Certificates to which they are entitled on each distribution date and the ultimate payment in full of the Certificate Balance of each class of Offered Certificates on a date that it not later than the Rated Final Distribution Date with respect to such class of certificates. The Rated Final Distribution Date will be the distribution date in [RATED FINAL DISTRIBUTION DATE]. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”. Any ratings of each Offered Certificates should be evaluated independently from similar ratings on other types of securities.

 

The ratings are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities, a measure of asset value or an indication of the suitability of an investment, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by any Rating Agency. In addition, these ratings do not address: (a) the likelihood, timing, or frequency of prepayments (both voluntary and involuntary) and their impact on interest payments or the degree to which such prepayments might differ from those originally anticipated, (b) the possibility that a Certificateholder might suffer a lower than anticipated yield, (c) the likelihood of receipt of yield maintenance charges, prepayment charges, prepayment premiums, prepayment fees or penalties, default interest or post-anticipated repayment date additional interest, (d) the likelihood of experiencing any Prepayment Interest Shortfalls, an assessment of whether or to what extent the interest payable on any class of Offered Certificates may be reduced in connection with any Prepayment Interest Shortfalls, or of receiving Compensating Interest Payments, (e) the tax treatment of the Offered Certificates or effect of taxes on the payments received, (f) the likelihood or willingness of the parties to the respective documents to meet their contractual obligations or the likelihood or willingness of any party or court to enforce, or hold enforceable, the documents in whole or in part, (g) an assessment of the yield to maturity that investors may experience, (h) the likelihood, timing or receipt of any payments of interest to the holders of the Offered Certificates resulting from an increase in the interest rate on any Mortgage Loan in connection with a Mortgage Loan modification, waiver or amendment, (i) Excess Interest, or (j) other non-credit risks, including, without limitation, market risks or liquidity.

 

The ratings take into consideration the credit quality of the underlying Mortgaged Properties and the Mortgage Loans, structural and legal aspects associated with the Offered Certificates, and the extent to which the payment stream of the Mortgage Loans is adequate to make payments required under the

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Offered Certificates. However, as noted above, the ratings do not represent an assessment of the likelihood, timing or frequency of principal prepayments (both voluntary and involuntary) by the borrowers, or the degree to which such prepayments might differ from those originally anticipated. In general, the ratings address credit risk and not prepayment risk. Ratings are forward-looking opinions about credit risk and express an agency’s opinion about the ability and willingness of an issuer of securities to meet its financial obligations in full and on time. Ratings are not indications of investment merit. In addition, the ratings do not represent an assessment of the yield to maturity that investors may experience or the possibility that investors might not fully recover their initial investment in the event of delinquencies or defaults or rapid prepayments on the Mortgage Loans (including both voluntary and involuntary prepayments) or the application of any realized losses. In the event that holders of such certificates do not fully recover their investment as a result of rapid principal prepayments on the Mortgage Loans, all amounts “due” to such holders will nevertheless have been paid, and such result is consistent with the ratings assigned to such certificates. As indicated in this prospectus, holders of the certificates with Notional Amounts are entitled only to payments of interest on the related Mortgage Loans. If the Mortgage Loans were to prepay in the initial month, with the result that the holders of the certificates with Notional Amounts receive only a single month’s interest and therefore, suffer a nearly complete loss of their investment, all amounts “due” to such holders will nevertheless have been paid, and such result is consistent with the rating received on those certificates. The Notional Amounts of the certificates with Notional Amounts on which interest is calculated may be reduced by the allocation of realized losses and prepayments, whether voluntary or involuntary. The ratings do not address the timing or magnitude of reductions of such Notional Amount, but only the obligation to pay interest timely on the Notional Amount, as so reduced from time to time. Therefore, the ratings of the certificates with Notional Amounts should be evaluated independently from similar ratings on other types of securities. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Your Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors” and “Yield and Maturity Considerations”.

 

Although the depositor will prepay fees for ongoing rating surveillance by certain of the Rating Agencies, the depositor has no obligation or ability to ensure that any Rating Agency performs ratings surveillance. In addition, a Rating Agency may cease ratings surveillance if the information furnished to that Rating Agency is insufficient to allow it to perform surveillance.

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Index of Defined Terms

 

[____] 208, 209
[__________] 164
17g-5 Information Provider 257
17g-5 Information Provider’s Website 362
1986 Act 396
1996 Act 380
30/360 Basis 167, 288
401(c) Regulations 423
AB Control Appraisal Period 184
AB Intercreditor Agreement 180
AB Major Decisions 184
AB Material Event of Default 181
AB Modified Loan 297
AB Mortgage Loan 180
AB Whole Loan 177, 180
Acceptable Insurance Default 301
Acting General Counsel’s Letter 125
Actual/360 Basis 167
Actual/360 Loans 279
ADA 382
Additional Exclusions 300
Administrative Cost Rate 237
ADR 136
Advances 274
Affiliate 13
Affiliate Debt 176
Affirmative Asset Review Vote 337
Allocated Loan Amount 136
Annual Debt Service 136
Anticipated Repayment Date 167
Applicable Investor 225
Appraisal Reduction Amount 294
Appraisal Reduction Event 294
Appraised Value 136
Appraised-Out Class 298
ARD Loan 167
ASR Consultation Process 310
Assessment of Compliance 363
Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event 341
Asset Review 338
Asset Review Notice 337
Asset Review Quorum 337
Asset Review Report 339
Asset Review Report Summary 339
Asset Review Standard 338
Asset Review Trigger 336
Asset Review Vote Election 337
Asset Status Report 307
Assumed Certificate Coupon 215
Assumed Final Distribution Date 243
Assumed Scheduled Payment 239
Attestation Report 363
Available Funds 232
Balloon Balance 136
Balloon LTV 139
Beds 146
Borrower Party 250
Borrower Party Affiliate 250
B-piece buyer 108
Breach Notice 266
C(WUMP)O 19
Calculated Payments 19
Cash Flow Analysis 138
CERCLA 379
Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate 292
Certificate Available Funds 234
Certificate Balance 228
Certificate Owners 259
Certificateholder 252
Certificateholder Quorum 344
Certificateholder Repurchase Request 354
Certifying Certificateholder 261
Class [A] Percentage Interest 229
Class [A] Trust Component 229
Class [A]-Exchange Percentage Interest 229
Class [B] Percentage Interest 229
Class [B] Trust Component 229
Class [B]-Exchange Percentage Interest 229
Class [C] Percentage Interest 229
Class [C] Trust Component 229
Class [C]-Exchange Percentage Interest 229
Class [EC] Component 229
Class [EC] Component [A] 229
Class [EC] Component [B] 229
Class [EC] Component [C] 229
Clearstream 258
Clearstream Participants 260
Closing Date 135
CMBS 129
Code 394
Collateral Deficiency Amount 298
Collection Account 277
Collection Period 234
Communication Request 261
Companion Loan Holder 177
companion loans 43
Companion Loans 134
Compensating Interest Payment 244
Constant Prepayment Rate 389
Constraining Level 214
Consultation Termination Event 321
Control Eligible Certificates 316


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Control Termination Event 321
Controlling Class 316
Controlling Class Certificateholder 316
Corrected Loan 307
CPR 213, 389
CPY 389
CRE Loans 198
Credit Lease 161
Credit Lease Assignment 162
Credit Lease Default 162
Credit Lease Loans 161
Credit Lease Property 162
Credit Risk Retention Rules 208
CREFC® 248
CREFC® Reports 248
Cross-Over Date 235
Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount 297
Cure/Contest Period 339
Current LTV 138, 138
Cut-off Date 134
Cut-off Date Balance 137
Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio 138, 139
Cut-off Date LTV 138, 139
Cut-off Date LTV Ratio 138, 139
Cut-off Date UW NCF 143
DCH Limitations 317
Debt Service Coverage Ratio 143
DEF(#) 141
DEF/YM@(#) 141
Defaulted Loan 313
Defaulted Purchase Price 182, 185
Defeasance 10
Defeasance Deposit 170
Defeasance Loans 170
Defeasance Lock-Out Period 170
Defeasance Option 170
Definitive Certificate 258
Delegated Directive 17
Delinquent Loan 337
Demand Entities 199
Depositaries 258
Diligence File 264
Directing Certificateholder 315
Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process 309
Disclosable Special Servicer Fees 291
Discount Rate 19
Dispute Resolution Consultation 356
Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date 355
Disqualified Non-U.S. Person 409
Distribution Accounts 278
Distribution Date 232
Distributor 17
Dodd-Frank Act 132
DOL 421
DSCR 143
DTC 258
DTC Participants 259
DTC Rules 260
Due Date 166, 234
Due Diligence Requirements 130
EDGAR 420
EEA 16
EEA Retail Investor 16
Effective Gross Income 137
EGI 138
Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer 340
Eligible Operating Advisor 331
Enforcing Party 354
Enforcing Servicer 354
Environmental Condition 14
ESA 156, 14
EU Due Diligence Requirements 130
EU Institutional Investor 130
EU PRIIPS Regulation 16
EU Prospectus Regulation 16
EU Securitization Regulation 130, 225
EU SR Rules 225
EU/UK Hedging Covenant 224
EU/UK Retention Covenant 224
Euroclear 258
Euroclear Operator 260
Euroclear Participants 260
EUWA 17
Excess Interest 230
Excess Interest Distribution Account 279
Excess Modification Fee Amount 288
Excess Modification Fees 287
Excess Prepayment Interest Shortfall 244
Exchange Act 189
Exchange Date 231
Exchangeable Certificates 227
Exchangeable Distribution Account 279
Exchangeable Proportion 230
Excluded Controlling Class Holder 250
Excluded Controlling Class Loan 250
Excluded DCH Loan 251
Excluded Information 251
Excluded RRCP Loan 251
Excluded Special Servicer 344
Excluded Special Servicer Loan 344
Exemption 421
Exemption Rating Agency 421
Expected Prices 218
FATCA 414
FDIC 125
FIEL 21
Final Asset Status Report 309, 326
Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice 356
Financial Promotion Order 18
Financing Affiliates 384


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FIRREA 126
FPO Persons 18
FSMA 17, 18
Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount 234
Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account 279
Garn Act 381
GLA 138
Grace Period 138
Grantor Trust 394
Ground Lease 11
Hard Lockbox 138
Indirect Participants 259
Initial Pool Balance 134
Initial Rate 167
Initial Requesting Certificateholder 354
In-Place Cash Management 138
Institutional Investor 20
Institutional Investors 130
Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds 277
Intercreditor Agreement 177
Interest Accrual Amount 237
Interest Accrual Period 237
Interest Distribution Amount 237
Interest Reserve Account 278
Interest Shortfall 237
Interested Person 313
Interest-Only Expected Price 217
Investor Certification 250
IO 138
IO Period UW NCF DSCR 138
Japanese Retention Requirement 21
JFSA 21
JRR Rule 21
Junior Note Percentage Interest 181
Junior Note Relative Spread 182
Largest Tenant 138
Largest Tenant Lease Expiration 138
Lease Enhancement Policy 162
Lease Enhancement Policy Loans 162
Liquidation Fee 289
Liquidation Proceeds 278
LO(#) 141
Loan Per Unit 138
Loan Specific Directing Certificateholder 181
Loan-to-Value Ratio 138
Loan-to-Value Ratio at Maturity or ARD 139
Lower-Tier Regular Interests 394
Lower-Tier REMICs 394
LTV Ratio 138
LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD 139
MAI 269, 14
Major Decision 184, 317
Major Decision Reporting Package 317
MAS 19
Master Servicer Remittance Date 273
Material Defect 266
Maturity Date LTV 139
Maturity Date LTV Ratio 139
MIFID II 16
MLPA 262
Modeling Assumptions 389
Modification Fees 287
Money Term 302
Monthly Rental Payments 161
Morgan Stanley Bank 189
Morgan Stanley Group 189
Morgan Stanley Origination Entity 191
Mortgage 134
Mortgage File 262
mortgage loan sellers 22
Mortgage Loans 134
Mortgage Note 135
Mortgage Pool 134
Mortgage Rate 139, 237
Mortgaged Property 135
mortgages 368
Most Recent NOI 140
MSA 140
MSMCH 189
MSMCH Data File 196
MSMCH Mortgage Loans 189
MSMCH Qualification Criteria 198
MSMCH Securitization Database 196
Net Mortgage Rate 236
Net Operating Income 140
NI 33-105 16
NOI 140
NOI Date 140
Nonrecoverable Advance 275
Non-Serviced Asset Representations Reviewer 186
Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator 186
Non-Serviced Certificateholders 186
non-serviced companion loan 44
Non-Serviced Companion Loan 186
Non-Serviced Depositor 186
Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder 187
Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement 187
Non-Serviced Master Servicer 186
non-serviced mortgage loan 44
Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan 186
Non-Serviced Operating Advisor 186
Non-Serviced PSA 186
Non-Serviced Securitization Trust 187
Non-Serviced Special Servicer 187
Non-Serviced Trustee 186
non-serviced whole loan 44
Non-Serviced Whole Loan 186
Non-U.S. Person 410
non-vertically retained certificates 35
Non-Vertically Retained Percentage 222
Notional Amount 230


429

 

NRA 140
NRSRO 424
NRSRO 250
NRSRO Certification 252
O(#) 141
Occupancy Date 141
Occupancy Rate 140
Occupancy Rate As-of Date 140
Offered Certificates 227
OID Regulations 397
OLA 125
Operating Advisor Consultation Event 322
Operating Advisor Fee 292
Operating Advisor Fee Rate 295
Operating Advisor Standard 327, 329
Operating Advisor Termination Event 333
Original Balance 141
P&I Advance 273
Pads 146
pari passu companion loan 43
Pari Passu Companion Loans 134
Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee 237
Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee Rate 237
Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement 178
Participants 258
Parties in Interest 420
Pass-Through Rate 236
Patriot Act 383
Payment Differential 17
Percentage Interest 232
Periodic Payments 233
Periodic Treasury Yield 17
Permitted Encumbrances 3
Permitted Investments 237, 279
Permitted Special Servicer/Affiliate Fees 291
PIPs 77, 157
Plans 420
Pooled Certificates 227
PRC 18
Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice 355
Prepayment Assumption 398
Prepayment Date 19
Prepayment Provisions 141
Primary Term 161
Prime Rate 42, 277
Principal Balance Certificates 227
Principal Distribution Amount 238
Principal Shortfall 239
Privileged Information 332
Privileged Information Exception 332
Privileged Person 250
Professional Investors 19
Prohibited Prepayment 245
Promotion Of Collective Investment Schemes Exemptions Order 18
Proposed Course of Action 355
Proposed Course of Action Notice 354
PSA 226
PSA Party Repurchase Request 354
PTCE 423
qualified mortgage 50
Qualified Replacement Special Servicer 345
Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan 268
RAC No-Response Scenario 360
Rated Final Distribution Date 244
Rating Agencies 361
Rating Agency Communication 362
Rating Agency Confirmation 361
Realized Loss 246
REC 156
Recovered Costs 182
Registration Statement 420
Regular Certificates 227
Regular Interestholder 396
Regular Interests 394
Regulation AB 367
Regulation RR 208
Reimbursement Rate 277
Reinvestment Yield 17
Related Proceeds 276
Release Date 170
Relevant Investor 17
Relevant Persons 18
Relief Act 382
REMIC 394
REMIC Regulations 394
REO Account 279
REO Loan 239
REO Property 307
Repurchase Request 354
Requesting Certificateholder 356
Requesting Holders 299
Requesting Investor 261
Requesting Party 360
Requirements 383
Residual Certificates 227
Residual Holder 404
Resolution Failure 354
Resolved 354
Restricted Party 332
Retained Certificate Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account 279
Retaining Sponsor 208
Review Materials 337
Revised Rate 167
RevPAR 141
Risk Retention Consultation Party 324
Rooms 146
Rule 17g-5 252


430

 

Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments 216
Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount 238
SEC 189
Securities Act 363
Securitization Accounts 226, 279
Securitization Regulation 131
Securitization Regulations 225
SEL 6
Senior Certificates 227
Senior Note Percentage Interest 182
Senior Note Relative Spread 182
serviced companion loans 44
Serviced Companion Loans 180
Serviced Mortgage Loans 180
Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan 177
Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan 177
Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan 177
serviced whole loan 44
Serviced Whole Loan Custodial Account 278
Serviced Whole Loans 180
Servicer Termination Event 347
Servicing Advances 274
Servicing Fee 286
Servicing Fee Rate 286
Servicing Standard 272
SF 142
SFA 19
SFO 19
Similar Law 420
Single-Purpose Entity 10
SMMEA 424
Soft Lockbox 142
Soft Springing Lockbox 142
Special Servicing Fee 288
Special Servicing Fee Rate 288
Specially Serviced Loans 305
Springing Cash Management 142
Springing Lockbox 142
Sq. Ft. 142
Square Feet 142
SR Rules 225
Standard Qualifications 1
Startup Day 394
Stated Principal Balance 239
Structured Product 19
Subordinate Certificates 227
subordinate companion loan 43
Subordinate Companion Loan 134
Subordinate Companion Loan REMIC 394
Sub-Servicing Agreement 273
Swap Curve Interpolated Yield 213
Swap Priced Expected Price 215
T-12 142
Target Price 214
Tenant 161
Term to Maturity 142
Term to Maturity or ARD 142
Terms and Conditions 260
Tests 338
Third Party Purchaser 210
Third Party Report 135
Title Exception 2
Title Policy 2
Title V 382
Total Operating Expenses 137
Trailing 12 NOI 140
Tranche Percentage Interest 230
TRIPRA 82
Trust Component 229
Trust REMICs 394
trust subordinate companion loan 43
Trust Subordinate Companion Loan 134, 180
TTM 142
U.S. Person 408
UCC 369
UK 17
UK Due Diligence Requirements 130
UK Institutional Investor 130
UK PRIIPS Regulation 17
UK Retail Investor 17
UK Securitization Regulation 225
UK SR Rules 225
Underwriter Entities 103
Underwriting Agreement 417
Underwritten EGI 146
Underwritten Expenses 142
Underwritten NCF 143, 144
Underwritten NCF Debt Yield 144
Underwritten NCF DSCR 143
Underwritten Net Cash Flow 137, 143
Underwritten Net Cash Flow DSCR 143
Underwritten Net Operating Income 144
Underwritten NOI Debt Yield 145
Underwritten Revenue 146
Units 146
Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount 238
Unsolicited Information 338
Upper-Tier REMIC 394
UW DSCR 143
UW EGI 146
UW NCF 143, 144
UW NCF Debt Yield 143, 146
UW NCF DSCR 143
UW NOI 144
UW NOI Debt Yield 145
UW NOI DSCR 146
UW Revenue 146
Vertical Risk Retention Allocation Percentage 223
Vertically Retained Percentage 222
Volcker Rule 132


431

 

Voting Rights 257
VRR Interest Available Funds 222
VRR Interest Distribution Amount 222
VRR Interest Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount 222
VRR Interest Realized Loss 223
VRR Principal Distribution Amount 222
WAC Rate 236
Weighted Average Mortgage Loan Rate 147
whole loan 43
Whole Loan 134
Withheld Amounts 279
Workout Fee 288
Workout Fee Rate 288
Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount 277
Yield Curve Interpolated Yield 216
Yield Maintenance 15
Yield Maintenance Amount 15, 16
Yield Maintenance Premium 15, 16, 17
Yield Priced Expected Price 218
YM(#) 141
YM@(#) 141
Zoning Regulations 6


432

 

 

ANNEX A-1

CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Mortgage Loan Originator(1)

Mortgage Loan Seller(1)

Original Balance

Cut-off Date Balance

Maturity/ARD Balance

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Cut-off Date Balance per SF/Units/Rooms/Pads

Loan Purpose

Sponsor

Non-Recourse Carveout Guarantor

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

A-1-1 

 

 

       

MORTGAGED PROPERTY CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

No. of Properties

General Property Type

Detailed Property Type

Title Type

Ground Lease Initial Lease Expiration Date

Master Lease

Square Footage of Master Lease

Rental Rate of Master Lease

                         
                         
                         
                         
                         
                         
                         
                         
                         
                             
         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Address

City

County

State

Zip Code

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-2 

 

 

         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Year Built

Year Renovated

Size

Units of Measure

Occupancy Rate

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Occupancy Rate As-of Date

Appraised Value

Appraisal As-of Date

               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               

 

A-1-3 

 

 

         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Mortgage Rate

Administrative Cost Rate

Master Servicing Fee Rate

Primary Servicing Fee Rate

Pari Passu Loan Primary Servicing Fee Rate

Trustee Fee Rate

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Operating Advisor Fee Rate

CREFC Fee Rate

Interest Accrual Basis

Seasoning (mos.)

ARD (Yes/No)

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-4 

 

 

         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Original Term to Maturity (mos.)

Remaining Term to Maturity (mos.)

Original Interest-Only Period (mos.)

Remaining Interest-Only Period (mos.)

Original Amortization Term (mos.)

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Remaining Amortization Term (mos.)

Note Date

First Payment Date

First P&I Payment Date (Partial IO Loans)

Maturity Date

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-5 

 

 

         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

ARD Loan Stated Maturity Date

Monthly Debt Service (P&I)

Monthly Debt Service (IO)

Annual Debt Service (P&I)

Annual Debt Service (IO)

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Lockbox Type

Cash Management Status

Crossed With Other Loans

Related-Borrower Loans

UW NOI DSCR (P&I)

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-6 

 

 

         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

UW NOI DSCR (IO)

UW NCF DSCR (P&I)

UW NCF DSCR (IO)

Cut-Off Date LTV Ratio

Maturity Date LTV Ratio

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

MORTGAGE LOAN CHARACTERISTICS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Grace Period to Late Charge (Days)

Grace Period to Default (Days)

Due Date

Prepayment Provisions (No. of Payments)

YM Formula

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-7 

 

         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY UNDERWRITTEN CASH FLOWS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Third Most Recent Revenues

Third Most Recent Expenses

Third Most Recent NOI

Third Most Recent NOI Date

Third Most Recent NOI Debt Yield

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY UNDERWRITTEN CASH FLOWS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Second Most Recent Revenues

Second Most Recent Expenses

Second Most Recent NOI

Second Most Recent NOI Date

Second Most Recent NOI Debt Yield

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-8 

 

 

         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY UNDERWRITTEN CASH FLOWS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Most Recent Revenues

Most Recent Expenses

Most Recent NOI

Most Recent NOI Date

Most Recent NOI Debt Yield

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY UNDERWRITTEN CASH FLOWS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

UW Occupancy

UW EGI

UW Expenses

UW NOI

UW NOI Debt Yield

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-9 

 

 

         

MORTGAGED PROPERTY UNDERWRITTEN CASH FLOWS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

UW Replacement Reserves

UW TI/LC

UW NCF

UW NCF Debt Yield

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
         

LARGEST TENANT INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Largest Tenant

Largest Tenant Lease Expiration

Largest Tenant NSF

Largest Tenant % of NSF

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

A-1-10 

 

 

         

2ND LARGEST TENANT INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

2nd Largest Tenant

2nd Largest Tenant Lease Expiration

2nd Largest Tenant NSF

2nd Largest Tenant % of NSF

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
         

3RD LARGEST TENANT INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

3rd Largest Tenant

3rd Largest Tenant Lease Expiration

3rd Largest Tenant NSF

3rd Largest Tenant % of NSF

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

A-1-11 

 

 

         

4TH LARGEST TENANT INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

4th Largest Tenant

4th Largest Tenant Lease Expiration

4th Largest Tenant NSF

4th Largest Tenant % of NSF

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
         

5TH LARGEST TENANT INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

5th Largest Tenant

5th Largest Tenant Lease Expiration

5th Largest Tenant NSF

5th Largest Tenant % of NSF

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

A-1-12 

 

 

         

MORTGAGE LOAN RESERVE INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Upfront Replacement Reserves

Monthly Replacement Reserves

Replacement Reserve Cap

Upfront TI/LC Reserves

Monthly TI/LC Reserves

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

MORTGAGE LOAN RESERVE INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

TI/LC Reserve Cap

Upfront Tax Reserves

Monthly Tax Reserves

Upfront Insurance Reserves

Monthly Insurance Reserves

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-13 

 

 

         

MORTGAGE LOAN RESERVE INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Upfront Deferred Maint. Reserve

Earnout Reserves

Initial Other Reserves

Ongoing Other Reserves

Other Reserves Description

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
         

THIRD PARTY REPORTS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Appraisal Report Date

Environmental Phase I Report Date

Environmental Phase II Report Date

Engineering Report Date

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

A-1-14 

 

 

         

THIRD PARTY REPORTS

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Seismic Report Date

Seismic Zone

PML %

               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
         

TOTAL MORTGAGE DEBT INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Cut-off Date Pari Passu Mortgage Debt Balance

Cut-off Date Subord. Mortgage Debt Balance

Total Mortgage Debt Cut-off Date LTV Ratio

Total Mortgage Debt UW NCF DSCR

Total Mortgage Debt UW NOI Debt Yield

                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-1-15 

 

 

         

TOTAL DEBT INFORMATION

Property Flag

Footnotes

Loan ID

Property Name

% of Initial Pool Balance

Cut-off Date Mezzanine Debt Balance

Total Debt Cut-off Date LTV Ratio

Total Debt UW NCF DSCR

Total Debt UW NOI Debt Yield

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 

A-1-16 

 

FOOTNOTES TO ANNEX A-1

(1)MSMCH—Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC; MSBNA—Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.

[OTHER NUMBERED FOOTNOTES TO EXPLAIN PARTICULAR UNIQUE LOAN OR PROPERTY ITEMS AS APPROPRIATE]

[LETTERED FOOTNOTES FOR PARTICULAR TYPES OF PREPAYMENT PREMIUMS APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN LOANS AS APPROPRIATE (SAMPLES BELOW)]

[A. “Yield Maintenance” means a prepayment premium in an amount equal to the greater of (i) 1% of the portion of the Loan being prepaid, and (ii) the present value as of the Prepayment Calculation Date of a series of monthly payments through the end of the Lockout Period of the Loan each equal to the amount of interest which would be due on the portion of the Loan being prepaid assuming a per annum interest rate equal to the excess of the Note Rate over the Reinvestment Yield, and discounted at the Reinvestment Yield. As used herein, “Reinvestment Yield” means the yield calculated by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15-Selected Interest Rates under the heading “U.S. government securities” and the sub-heading “Treasury constant maturities” for the week ending prior to the Prepayment Calculation Date, of the U.S. Treasury constant maturities with maturity dates (one longer and one equal to or shorter) most nearly approximating the date on which the Lockout Period ends, and converted to a monthly compounded nominal yield. In the event Release H.15 is no longer published, Lender shall select a comparable publication to determine the Reinvestment Yield. The “Prepayment Calculation Date” shall mean, as applicable, the date on which (i) Lender applies any prepayment to the reduction of the outstanding principal amount of this Note, (ii) Lender accelerates the Loan, in the case of a prepayment resulting from acceleration, or (iii) Lender applies funds held under any Reserve Account, in the case of a prepayment resulting from such an application (other than in connection with acceleration of the Loan).

[B.Yield Maintenance Premium” shall mean an amount equal to the greater of the following two amounts: (a) an amount equal to one percent (1%) of the amount prepaid; or (b) an amount equal to: (i) the amount, if any, by which the sum of the present values as of the prepayment date of all unpaid principal and interest payments required hereunder, calculated by discounting such payments from the respective dates each such payment was due hereunder (or, with respect to the payment required on the Open Period Start Date, from the Open Period Start Date) back to the prepayment date at a discount rate equal to the Periodic Treasury Yield (defined below) exceeds the outstanding principal balance of the Loan as of the prepayment date; multiplied by (ii) a fraction whose numerator is the amount prepaid and whose denominator is the outstanding principal balance of the Loan as of the prepayment date. For purposes of the foregoing, “Periodic Treasury Yield” shall mean: (A) the annual yield to maturity of the actively traded non-callable United States Treasury fixed interest rate security (other than any such security which can be surrendered at the option of the holder at face value in payment of federal estate tax or which was issued at a substantial discount) that has a maturity closest to (whether before, on or after) the Open Period Start Date (or if two or more such securities have maturity dates equally close to the Open Period Start Date, the average annual yield to maturity of all such securities), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or other authoritative publication or news retrieval service on the fifth Business Day preceding the prepayment date; divided by (B) twelve (12). Lender’s calculation of the Yield Maintenance Premium, and all component calculations, shall be conclusive and binding on Borrower absent manifest error.]
[C.Yield Maintenance Amount” shall mean the present value of a series of payments each equal to the Payment Differential and payable on each Payment Date over the remaining original term of the Loan and, with respect to the principal balance of the Note due to be outstanding on such date, on the Maturity Date, discounted at the Reinvestment Yield for the number of months remaining as of the date of such prepayment to each such Payment Date and the Maturity Date, respectively.

Payment Differential” shall mean an amount equal to (i) the Interest Rate less the Reinvestment Yield, divided by (ii) twelve (12), and multiplied by (iii) the principal sum outstanding under the Note after application of the Monthly Payment Amount due on the Prepayment Date (or, if notwithstanding the provisions of Section 2.4 hereof the Prepayment Date is not a Payment Date, on the Payment Date immediately prior to the Prepayment Date), provided that the Payment Differential shall in no event be less than zero.

Reinvestment Yield” shall mean an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the yield on the U.S. Treasury issue (primary issue) with a maturity date closest to the Maturity Date, or (ii) the yield on the U.S. Treasury issue (primary issue) with a term equal to the remaining average life of the indebtedness evidenced by the Note, as determined by Lender, with each such yield being based on the bid price for such issue as published in the Wall Street Journal on the date that is fourteen (14) days prior to the Prepayment Date (or, if such bid price is not

A-1-17 

 

 

published on that date, the next preceding date on which such bid price is so published) and converted to a monthly compounded nominal yield.]

[D. “Yield Maintenance Amount” shall mean the present value, as of the Prepayment Date, of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest from the Prepayment Date through the Stated Maturity Date (including any balloon payment) determined by discounting such payments at the Discount Rate, less the amount of principal being prepaid. “Discount Rate” shall mean the rate which, when compounded monthly, is equivalent to the Treasury Rate when compounded semi-annually. “Treasury Rate” shall mean the yield calculated by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 Selected Interest Rates under the heading U.S. Government Securities/Treasury Constant Maturities for the week ending prior to the Prepayment Date, of U.S. Treasury constant maturities with maturity dates (one longer and one shorter) most nearly approximating the Stated Maturity Date. (In the event Release H.15 is no longer published, Lender shall select a comparable publication to determine the Treasury Rate.)]

[E.Yield Maintenance Premium” shall mean an amount equal to the greater of: (x) one percent (1%) of the principal amount of this Note being prepaid or (y) the present value as of the Prepayment Date (defined below) of the Calculated Payments (defined below) from the Prepayment Date through the Maturity Date determined by discounting such payments at the Discount Rate (defined below). As used in this definition, the term “Prepayment Date” shall mean the date on which prepayment is made. As used in this definition, the term “Calculated Payments” shall mean the monthly payments of interest only which would be due based on the rate per annum equal to the difference (if such difference is greater than zero) between (1) the Applicable Interest Rate and (2) the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate (defined below). As used in this definition, the term “Discount Rate” shall mean the rate which, when compounded monthly, is equivalent to the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate, when compounded semiannually. As used in this definition, the term “Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate” shall mean the yield calculated by Lender by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15-Selected Interest Rates under the heading U.S. Government Securities/Treasury Constant Maturities for the week ending prior to the Prepayment Date, of U.S. Treasury Constant Maturities with maturity dates (one longer or one shorter) most nearly approximating the Maturity Date. In the event Release H.15 is no longer published, Lender shall select a comparable publication to determine the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate. In no event, however, shall Lender be required to reinvest any prepayment proceeds in U.S. Treasury obligations or otherwise.]
[FYield Maintenance” shall mean an amount equal to the greater of (i) one percent (1%) of the principal amount of the Loan being prepaid, and (ii) the present value as of the Prepayment Calculation Date of a series of monthly payments over the remaining term of the Loan through and including the last day of the Lockout Period each equal to the amount of interest which would be due on the principal amount of the Loan being prepaid assuming a per annum interest rate equal to the excess of the Interest Rate over the Reinvestment Yield, and discounted at the Reinvestment Yield. As used herein, “Reinvestment Yield” means the yield calculated by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15-Selected Interest Rates under the heading “U.S. government securities” and the sub-heading “Treasury constant maturities” for the week ending prior to the Prepayment Calculation Date, of the U.S. Treasury constant maturities with maturity dates (one longer and one equal to or shorter) most nearly approximating the last day of the Lockout Period, and converted to a monthly compounded nominal yield. In the event Release H.15 is no longer published, Lender shall select a comparable publication to determine the Reinvestment Yield. The “Prepayment Calculation Date” shall mean, as applicable, the Payment Date on which Lender applies any prepayment to the reduction of the outstanding principal amount of the Note. Lender’s calculation of Yield Maintenance shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error.]
[G.Yield Maintenance Premium” shall mean an amount equal to the greater of (i) one percent (1%) of the amount prepaid and (ii) an amount equal to the present value as of the Prepayment Date of the Calculated Payments from the Prepayment Date through the Maturity Date determined by discounting such payments at the Discount Rate. As used in this definition, the term “Prepayment Date” shall mean the date on which prepayment is made. As used in this definition, the term “Calculated Payments” shall mean the monthly payments of interest only which would be due based on the principal amount of the Loan being prepaid on the Prepayment Date and assuming an interest rate per annum equal to the difference (if such difference is greater than zero) between (y) the Interest Rate and (z) the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate. As used in this definition, the term “Discount Rate” shall mean the rate which, when compounded monthly, is equivalent to the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate, when compounded semi-annually. As used in this definition, the term “Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate” shall mean the yield calculated by Lender by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15- Selected Interest Rates under the heading U.S. Government Securities/Treasury Constant Maturities for the week ending prior to the Prepayment Date, of U.S. Treasury Constant Maturities with maturity dates (one longer or one shorter) most nearly approximating the Maturity Date. In the event Release H.15 is no longer published, Lender shall select a comparable publication to determine the

 

A-1-18 

 

Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate. In no event, however, shall Lender be required to reinvest any prepayment proceeds in U.S. Treasury obligations or otherwise.]

[H.Yield Maintenance Premium” shall mean an amount equal to the greater of: (i) one percent (1%) of the principal amount of the Loan being prepaid or (ii) the present value as of the Prepayment Date of the Calculated Payments from the Prepayment Date through the Maturity Date determined by discounting such payments at the Discount Rate. As used in this definition, the term “Prepayment Date” shall mean the date on which prepayment is made. As used in this definition, the term “Calculated Payments” shall mean the monthly payments of interest only which would be due based on the principal amount of the Loan being prepaid on the Prepayment Date and assuming an interest rate per annum equal to the difference (if such difference is greater than zero) between (y) the Interest Rate and (z) the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate. As used in this definition, the term “Discount Rate” shall mean the rate which, when compounded monthly, is equivalent to the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate, when compounded semi-annually. As used in this definition, the term “Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate” shall mean the yield calculated by Lender by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15-Selected Interest Rates under the heading U.S. Government Securities/Treasury Constant Maturities for the week ending prior to the Prepayment Date, of U.S. Treasury Constant Maturities with maturity dates (one longer or one shorter) most nearly approximating the Maturity Date. In the event Release H.15 is no longer published, Lender shall select a comparable publication to determine the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate. In no event, however, shall Lender be required to reinvest any prepayment proceeds in U.S. Treasury obligations or otherwise.]
[I.Yield Maintenance Premium” shall mean an amount equal to the greater of: (x) one percent (1%) of the principal amount of this Note being prepaid or (y) the present value as of the Prepayment Date (defined below) of the Calculated Payments (defined below) from the Prepayment Date through the Maturity Date determined by discounting such payments at the Discount Rate (defined below). As used in this definition, the term “Prepayment Date” shall mean the date on which prepayment is made. As used in this definition, the term “Calculated Payments” shall mean the monthly payments of interest only which would be due based on the principal amount of this Note being prepaid on the Prepayment Date and assuming an interest rate per annum equal to the difference (if such difference is greater than zero) between (1) the Applicable Interest Rate and (2) the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate (defined below). As used in this definition, the term “Discount Rate” shall mean the rate which, when compounded monthly, is equivalent to the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate, when compounded semi-annually. As used in this definition, the term “Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate” shall mean the yield calculated by Lender by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15-Selected Interest Rates under the heading U.S. Government Securities/Treasury Constant Maturities for the week ending prior to the Prepayment Date, of U.S. Treasury Constant Maturities with maturity dates (one longer or one shorter) most nearly approximating the Maturity Date. In the event Release H.15 is no longer published, Lender shall select a comparable publication to determine the Yield Maintenance Treasury Rate. In no event, however, shall Lender be required to reinvest any prepayment proceeds in U.S. Treasury obligations or otherwise.]

A-1-19 

 

ANNEX A-2

MORTGAGE POOL INFORMATION (TABLES)

Mortgage Loan Sellers

Loan Seller

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
Total:                                      

A-2-1 

 

Cut-off Date Balances

Cut-off Date Balance ($)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
1 – 10,000,000                                      
10,000,001 – 20,000,000                                      
20,000,001 – 30,000,000                                      
30,000,001 – 40,000,000                                      
50,000,001 – 60,000,000                                      
60,000,001 – 70,000,000                                      
70,000,001 – 80,000,000                                      
100,000,001 – 110,000,000                                      
130,000,001 – 140,000,000                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: $__________

Maximum: $__________

Average: $__________

A-2-2 

 

States/Jurisdictions

State/Jurisdiction

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
Total:                                      

A-2-3 

 

Property Types

Property Type

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
Retail                                      
Anchored                                      
Super Regional Mall                                      
Free-Standing                                      
Unanchored                                      
Shadow Anchored                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Office                                      
CBD                                      
Suburban                                      
Urban                                      
Medical                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Multifamily                                      
Mid-Rise                                      
Garden                                      
High-Rise                                      
Age Restricted Housing                                      
Student Housing                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Hospitality                                      
Limited Service                                      
Full Service                                      
Select Service                                      
Extended Stay                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Mixed Use                                      
Office/Industrial                                      
Office/Retail                                      
Office/Flex                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Manufactured Housing                                      
Manufactured Housing                                      
Subtotal:                                      

A-2-4 

 

Property Type

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
Industrial                                      
Flex                                      
Manufacturing                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Other                                      
Marina                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Self-Storage                                      
Self-Storage                                      
Subtotal:                                      
Total:                                      

Mortgage Rates

Mortgage Rate (%)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
3.001 – 3.500                                      
4.001 – 4.500                                      
4.501 – 5.000                                      
5.001 – 5.500                                      
5.501 – 6.000                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: [_____]%

Maximum: [_____]%

Weighted Average: [_____]%

A-2-5 

 

Original Terms to Maturity

Original Term to Maturity (mos.)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
60                                      
120                                      
128                                      
144                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: [__] mos.

Maximum: [__] mos.

Weighted Average: [__] mos.

Remaining Term to Maturity/ARD in Months

Remaining Term to Maturity/ARD (mos.)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
55 – 60                                      
109 – 114                                      
115 – 120                                      
139 – 144                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: [__] mos.

Maximum: [__] mos.

Weighted Average: [__] mos.

A-2-6 

 

Original Amortization Terms

Original Amortization Term (mos.)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
Interest Only                                      
204                                      
240                                      
300                                      
312                                      
324                                      
360                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: ___ mos.

Maximum: ___ mos.

Weighted Average: ___ mos.

Remaining Amortization Terms

Remaining Amortization Term (mos.)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
Interest Only                                      
201 - 250                                      
251 - 300                                      
301 - 350                                      
351 - 361                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: ___ mos.

Maximum: ___ mos.

Weighted Average: ___ mos.

A-2-7 

 

Debt Service Coverage Ratios

Debt Service Coverage Ratio (x)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
1.21 – 1.30                                      
1.31 – 1.40                                      
1.41 – 1.50                                      
1.51 – 1.60                                      
1.61 – 1.70                                      
1.71 – 1.80                                      
1.81 – 1.90                                      
1.91 – 2.00                                      
2.01 – 2.10                                      
2.11 – 2.20                                      
2.21 – 2.30                                      
2.31 – 2.40                                      
2.41 – 2.50                                      
2.51 – 2.60                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: [___]%

Maximum: [___]%

Weighted Average: [___]%

Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratios

Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio (%)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
20.1 – 30.0                                      
30.1 – 40.0                                      
40.1 – 50.0                                      
50.1 – 60.0                                      
60.1 – 70.0                                      
70.1 – 80.0                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: [___]%

Maximum: [___]%

Weighted Average: [___]%

A-2-8 

 

Maturity Date Loan-to-Value Ratios

Maturity Date Loan-to-Value Ratio (%)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
20.1 – 30.0                                      
30.1 – 40.0                                      
40.1 – 50.0                                      
50.1 – 60.0                                      
60.1 – 70.0                                      
70.1 – 80.0                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: ___%

Maximum: ___%

Weighted Average: ___%

Amortization Type

Amortization Type

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
Partial Interest Only                                      
Amortizing Balloon                                      
Interest Only                                      
Total:                                      

A-2-9 

 

Underwritten NOI Debt Yield

Underwritten NOI Debt Yield (%)

 

No. of Mtg. Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Percent by Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate

 

Weighted Average Remaining Term (Mos.)

 

Weighted Average U/W NCF DSCR

 

Weighted Average U/W NOI Debt Yield

 

Weighted Average Cut-off Date LTV

 

Weighted Average Maturity Date LTV

 
7.6 – 8.0                                      
8.1 – 8.5                                      
8.6 – 9.0                                      
9.1 – 9.5                                      
9.6 – 10.0                                      
10.1 – 10.5                                      
10.6 – 11.0                                      
11.1 – 11.5                                      
11.6 – 12.0                                      
12.1 – 12.5                                      
12.6 – 13.0                                      
13.1 – 13.5                                      
13.6 – 14.0                                      
14.1 – 14.5                                      
15.6 – 16.0                                      
16.6 – 17.0                                      
17.1 – 17.5                                      
17.6 – 18.0                                      
18.1 – 18.5                                      
20.1 – 20.5                                      
24.6 – 25.0                                      
Total:                                      

Minimum: ___%

Maximum: ___%

Weighted Average: ___%

Percentage of Collateral by Prepayment Restriction (%)(1)(2)(3)(4)

Prepayment Restrictions

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 
Locked Out                      
Yield Maintenance Total                      
Open                      
TOTALS                      
Pool Balance Outstanding                      
% Initial Pool Balance                      

A-2-10 

 

Prepayment Restrictions

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 
Locked Out                      
Yield Maintenance Total                      
Open                      
TOTALS                      
Pool Balance Outstanding                      
% Initial Pool Balance                      

Prepayment Restrictions

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 

[MONTH] [YEAR]

 
Locked Out          
Yield Maintenance Total          
Open          
TOTALS          
Pool Balance Outstanding          
% Initial Pool Balance          

 
Notes:
(1)The analysis is based on Modeling Assumptions and a 0% CPR as discussed in the Prospectus.
(2)See description of Yield Maintenance under “Description of the Certificates— Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums” in the Prospectus.
(3)Mortgage loans modeled as Yield Maintenance include mortgage loans characterized by YM1 and DEF/YM1 on Annex A-1 to the Prospectus.
(4)There may be limited exceptions to the indicated prepayment restrictions arising out of casualties, condemnations, property releases and the application of earnout reserves.

 

[INCLUDE TABLE DESCRIBING 5 LARGEST TENANT (BY NET RENTABLE AREA LEASED) AT EACH MIXED USE PROPERTY, AS APPLICABLE]

 

[INCLUDE TABLE DESCRIBING REDEVELOPMENT, RENOVATION AND EXPANSION AT THE MORTGAGED PROPERTIES, AS APPLICABLE]

A-2-11 

 

ANNEX A-3

SIGNIFICANT LOAN SUMMARIES

 

Mortgage Loan No. [__] – [LOAN NAME]

 

Mortgage Loan Information   Mortgaged Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: MSMCH   Single Asset/Portfolio: [Single Asset][Portfolio]
Original Balance: $   Location:  
Cut-off Date Balance: $   General Property Type:  
% of Initial Pool Balance: [__]%   Detailed Property Type:  
Loan Purpose:     Title Vesting:  
Sponsor:     Year Built/Renovated:  
Mortgage Rate: [__]%   Size: [__] SF
Note Date:     Cut-off Date Balance per Unit(1): $
First Payment Date:     Maturity Date Balance per Unit(1): $
Maturity Date:     Property Manager:  
Original Term to Maturity: [__] months   Underwriting and Financial Information
Original Amortization Term: [__] months   UW NOI: $
IO Period: [__] months   UW NOI Debt Yield(1): [__]%
Seasoning: [__] months   UW NOI Debt Yield at Maturity(1): [__]%
Prepayment Provisions: LO ([__]); YM1 ([__]); DEF/YM1 ([__]);
O [__]
  UW NCF DSCR(1): [__]x
Lockbox/Cash Mgmt Status: [Hard][Springing]   Most Recent NOI: $
Additional Debt Type:     2nd Most Recent NOI: $
Additional Debt Balance: $   3rd Most Recent NOI: $
Future Debt Permitted (Type): [Yes][No][N/A]   Most Recent Occupancy: [__]%
Reserves   2nd Most Recent Occupancy: [__]%
Type Initial Monthly Cap   3rd Most Recent Occupancy: [__]%
RE Tax: $ [Hard][Springing] $   [[4th Most Recent Occupancy: [__]%
Insurance: $ [Hard][Springing] $   [[5th Most Recent Occupancy: [__]%
Recurring Replacements: $ [Hard][Springing] $   [[6th Most Recent Occupancy: [__]%
TI/LC: $ [Hard][Springing] $   Appraised Value (as of): $
          Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1): [__]%
          Maturity Date LTV Ratio(1): [__]%
             
               
Sources and Uses
Sources Proceeds % of Total   Uses Proceeds % of Total
Loan Amount(1): $ [100]%   Closing Costs: $ [__]%
        Return of Equity(2): $ [__]%
Total Sources: $ [100.00]%   Total Uses: $ [100.00]%

 

 
(1)
(2)

The Mortgage Loan. [BRIEF LOAN DESCRIPTION]

The Borrower and Sponsor. [IDENTITIES OF BORROWER AND SPONSOR]

The Property. [BRIEF PROPERTY DESCRIPTION]

Major Tenants. [SUMMARY DESCRIPTIONS OF MAJOR TENANTS]

The following table presents a summary regarding major tenants at the Discovery Business Center Property:

A-3-1 

 

Tenant Summary(1)
Tenant Name Credit Rating Tenant SF Approx. % of SF Annual UW Base Rent % of Total Annual UW Base Rent Annual UW Base Rent PSF(3) Lease Expiration
(Rating Agencies)(2)
Major Tenants              
[Tenant]     [__]% $ [__]% $  
[Tenant]     [__]% $ [__]% $  
[Tenant]     [__]% $ [__]% $  
[Tenant]     [__]% $ [__]% $  
Subtotal/Wtd. Avg.     [__]% $ [__]% $  
Other Tenants     [__]% $ [__]% $  
Vacant Space     [__]% $ [__]% $  
Total/Wtd. Avg.   [__]% $ [__]% $

 

 

 

(1)Information is based on the underwritten rent roll.
(2)Certain ratings are those of the parent company whether or not the parent guarantees the lease.
(3)Wtd. Avg. Annual UW Base Rent PSF excludes vacant space.

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover at the Mortgaged Property:

 

Lease Rollover Schedule(1)(2)
Year # of Leases Rolling SF Rolling       Total UW Base Rent Rolling    
         
         
Annual UW Base Rent PSF Rolling(3) Approx. % of Total SF Rolling Approx. Cumulative % of SF Rolling Approx % of Total UW Base Rolling Approx. Cumulative % of
MTM                
2021                
2022                
2023                
2024                
2025                
2026                
2027                
2028                
2029                
2030                
2031                
Thereafter                
Vacant                
Total/Wtd. Avg.              

 

 

 
(1)Information is based on the underwritten rent roll. Certain tenants may have multiple leases that are not co-terminus.
(2)Certain tenants may have lease termination options that are exercisable prior to the originally stated expiration date of the subject lease and that are not considered in the lease rollover schedule.
(3)Wtd. Avg. Annual UW Rent PSF Rolling excludes vacant space.

The Market.

[BRIEF MARKET SUMMARY]

A-3-2 

 

Properties comparable to the Mortgaged Property are shown in the chart below:

Comparable Properties Summary
Property Address Distance Occupancy Total
NRA (SF)
Year Built/
Renovated
Annual Asking
Rent PSF
    [__] miles [__]%     $
    [__] miles [__]%     $
    [__] miles [__]%     $
    [__] miles [__]%     $
    [__] miles [__]%     $
    [__] miles [__]%     $

 

Source: Appraisal

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and the Underwritten Net Cash Flow at the Mortgaged Property:

Cash Flow Analysis
  [[2017]] [[2018]] 2019 2020 6/30/2021 TTM UW UW PSF
Base Rent     $ $ $ $ $
Income from Vacant Units     $ $ $ $ $
Expense Reimbursements     $ $ $ $ $
Other Income     $ $ $ $ $
Less Concessions     $ $ $ $ $
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss     $ $ $ $ $
Effective Gross Income     $ $ $ $ $
Total Operating Expenses     $ $ $ $ $
Net Operating Income     $ $ $ $ $
TI/LC     $ $ $ $ $
Capital Expenditures     $ $ $ $ $
Net Cash Flow     $ $ $ $ $
               
Occupancy %     [__]% [__]% [__]% [__]%  
NOI DSCR     [__]x [__]x [__]x [__]x  
NCF DSCR     [__]x [__]x [__]x [__]x  
NOI Debt Yield     [__]% [__]% [__]% [__]%  
NCF Debt Yield     [__]% [__]% [__]% [__]%  

A-3-3 

 

Escrows and Reserves. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

Lockbox and Cash Management. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

Property Management. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

Additional Secured Indebtedness (not including trade debts). [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

Mezzanine Loan and Preferred Equity. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

Release of Property. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

Terrorism Insurance. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

Material Termination Options. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION IF APPLICABLE]

A-3-4 

 

ANNEX B

FORM OF REPORT TO CERTIFICATEHOLDERS

B-1 

 

ANNEX C

FORM OF OPERATING ADVISOR ANNUAL REPORT1

Report Date: This report will be delivered annually no later than [INSERT DATE], pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, dated as of [____] (the “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”), among [_______].
Transaction: [__________]
Operating Advisor: [__________]
Special Servicer: [__________]
Directing Certificateholder: [●]

I.Population of Mortgage Loans that Were Considered in Compiling this Report
1.The Special Servicer has notified the Operating Advisor that [●] Specially Serviced Loans were transferred to special servicing in the prior calendar year [INSERT YEAR].
a.of those Specially Serviced Loans are still being analyzed by the Special Servicer as part of the development of an Asset Status Report.
b.Asset Status Reports were issued with respect to [●] of such Specially Serviced Loans. This report is based only on the Specially Serviced Loans in respect of which an Asset Status Report has been issued. The Asset Status Reports may not yet be fully implemented.

[EXCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE OF AN ELIGIBLE HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER]:

[II.Executive Summary

Based on the requirements and qualifications set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as well as the items listed below, the Operating Advisor (in accordance with the Operating Advisor’s analysis requirements outlined in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) has undertaken a limited review of the Special Servicer’s operational activities to service certain Specially Serviced Loans in accordance with the Servicing Standard. Based on such limited review, the Operating Advisor [does, does not] believe there are material violations of the Special Servicer’s compliance with its obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. In addition, the Operating Advisor notes the following: [PROVIDE SUMMARY OF ANY ADDITIONAL MATERIAL INFORMATION].

In connection with the assessment set forth in this report, the Operating Advisor:

1.Reviewed the Asset Status Reports, the Special Servicer’s assessment of compliance report, attestation report by a third party regarding the Special Servicer’s compliance with its obligations and net present value calculations and Appraisal Reduction calculations and [LIST OTHER REVIEWED INFORMATION] for the following [●] Specially Serviced Loans: [List applicable mortgage loans]
2.Consulted with the Special Servicer as provided under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Operating Advisor’s analysis of the Asset Status Reports (including related net present value

 

 

 

1     This report is an indicative report and does not reflect the final form of annual report to be used in any particular year. The Operating Advisor will have the ability to modify or alter the organization and content of any particular report, subject to the compliance with the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, including, without limitation, provisions relating to Privileged Information.

 

C-1-1 

 

calculations and Appraisal Reduction calculations) related to the Specially Serviced Loans should be considered a limited investigation and not be considered a full or limited audit. For instance, we did not review each page of the Special Servicer’s policy and procedure manuals (including amendments and appendices), re-engineer the quantitative aspects of their net present value calculator, visit any property, visit the Special Servicer, visit the Directing Certificateholder or interact with any borrower. In addition, our review of the net present value calculations and Appraisal Reduction calculations is limited to the mathematical accuracy of the calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portions of the applicable formulas, and as such, does not take into account the reasonableness of the discretionary portions of such formulas.

III.Specific Items of Review
1.The Operating Advisor reviewed the following items in connection with the generation of this report: [LIST MATERIAL ITEMS].
2.During the prior year, the Operating Advisor consulted with the Special Servicer regarding its strategy plan for a limited number of issues related to the following Specially Serviced Loans: [LIST]. The Operating Advisor participated in discussions and made strategic observations and recommended alternative courses of action to the extent it deemed such observations and recommendations appropriate. The Special Servicer [agreed with/did not agree with] the material recommendations made by the Operating Advisor. Such recommendations generally included the following: [LIST].
3.Appraisal Reduction calculations and net present value calculations.
4.The Operating Advisor [received/did not receive] information necessary to recalculate and verify the accuracy of the mathematical calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portions of the applicable formulas required to be utilized in connection with any Appraisal Reduction or net present value calculations used in the special servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan prior to the utilization by the special servicer.
a.The operating advisor [agrees/does not agree] with the [mathematical calculations] [and/or] [the application of the applicable non-discretionary portions of the formula] required to be utilized for such calculation.
b.After consultation with the special servicer to resolve any inaccuracy in the mathematical calculations or the application of the non-discretionary portions of the related formula in arriving at those mathematical calculations, such inaccuracy [has been/ has not been] resolved.
5.The following is a general discussion of certain concerns raised by the Operating Advisor discussed in this report: [LIST CONCERNS].
6.In addition to the other information presented herein, the Operating Advisor notes the following additional items, if any: [LIST ADDITIONAL ITEMS].]

[INCLUDE FOR TRANSACTIONS THAT SATISFY RISK RETENTION REQUIREMENTS THROUGH THE PURCHASE OF AN ELIGIBLE HORIZONTAL RESIDUAL BY A THIRD PARTY PURCHASER]:

[II.Executive Summary

Based on the requirements and qualifications set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as well as the items listed below, the Operating Advisor (in accordance with the Operating Advisor’s analysis requirements outlined in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) has undertaken a review of the Special

C-1-2 

 

Servicer’s actions under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Based on such review, the Operating Advisor [does, does not] believe, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith,[ that the Special Servicer is operating in compliance with the Servicing Standard and is performing its duties in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.] [The Operating Advisor believes, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that the Special Servicer has failed to comply with the following obligations.]

[LIST ITEMS]

In addition, the Operating Advisor notes the following: [PROVIDE SUMMARY OF ANY ADDITIONAL MATERIAL INFORMATION].

In connection with the assessment set forth in this report, the Operating Advisor:

1.Reviewed information available to Privileged Persons on the certificate administrator’s website that is relevant to the operating advisor’s obligations under the PSA, and certain information it has requested from special servicer.
2.[Reviewed the Asset Status Reports, the Special Servicer’s assessment of compliance report, attestation report by a third party regarding the Special Servicer’s compliance with its obligations and net present value calculations and Appraisal Reduction calculations and [LIST OTHER REVIEWED INFORMATION] for the following [●] Specially Serviced Loans: [List applicable mortgage loans]
3.Consulted with the Special Servicer as provided under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Operating Advisor’s analysis of the Asset Status Reports (including related net present value calculations and Appraisal Reduction calculations) related to the Specially Serviced Loans should be considered a limited investigation and not be considered a full or limited audit. For instance, we did not review each page of the Special Servicer’s policy and procedure manuals (including amendments and appendices), re-engineer the quantitative aspects of their net present value calculator, visit any property, visit the Special Servicer, visit the Directing Certificateholder or interact with any borrower. In addition, our review of the net present value calculations and Appraisal Reduction calculations is limited to the mathematical accuracy of the calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portions of the applicable formulas, and as such, does not take into account the reasonableness of the discretionary portions of such formulas.

[ADD RECOMMENDATION OF REPLACEMENT OF SPECIAL SERVICER, IF APPLICABLE]

III.Specific Items of Review
1.The Operating Advisor reviewed the following items and actions in connection with the generation of this report: [LIST MATERIAL ITEMS AND ACTIONS].
2.[During the prior year, the Operating Advisor consulted with the Special Servicer regarding its strategy plan for a limited number of issues related to the following Specially Serviced Loans: [LIST]. The Operating Advisor participated in discussions and made strategic observations and recommended alternative courses of action to the extent it deemed such observations and recommendations appropriate. The Special Servicer [agreed with/did not agree with] the material recommendations made by the Operating Advisor. Such recommendations generally included the following: [LIST].]
3.Appraisal Reduction calculations and net present value calculations.
4.The Operating Advisor [received/did not receive] information necessary to recalculate and verify the accuracy of the mathematical calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portions of the applicable formulas required to be utilized in connection with any

 

C-1-3 

 

 

Appraisal Reduction or net present value calculations used in the special servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan prior to the utilization by the special servicer.

a.The operating advisor [agrees/does not agree] with the [mathematical calculations] [and/or] [the application of the applicable non-discretionary portions of the formula] required to be utilized for such calculation.
b.After consultation with the special servicer to resolve any inaccuracy in the mathematical calculations or the application of the non-discretionary portions of the related formula in arriving at those mathematical calculations, such inaccuracy [has been/ has not been] resolved.
5.The following is a general discussion of certain concerns raised by the Operating Advisor discussed in this report: [LIST CONCERNS].
6.In addition to the other information presented herein, the Operating Advisor notes the following additional items, if any: [LIST ADDITIONAL ITEMS].]
IV.Qualifications Related to the Work Product Undertaken and Opinions Related to this Report
1.The Operating Advisor did not participate in, or have access to, the Special Servicer’s and Directing Certificateholder’s discussion(s) regarding any Specially Serviced Loan. The Operating Advisor does not have authority to speak with the Directing Certificateholder directly. As such, the Operating Advisor generally relied upon the information delivered to it by the Special Servicer as well as its interaction with the Special Servicer, if any, in gathering the relevant information to generate this report.
2.The Special Servicer has the legal authority and responsibility to service the Specially Serviced Loans pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Operating Advisor has no responsibility or authority to alter the standards set forth therein.
3.Confidentiality and other contractual limitations limit the Operating Advisor’s ability to outline the details or substance of the discussions held between it and the Special Servicer regarding any Specially Serviced Loans and certain information it reviewed in connection with its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. As a result, this report may not reflect all the relevant information that the Operating Advisor is given access to by the Special Servicer.
4.There are many tasks that the Special Servicer undertakes on an ongoing basis related to Specially Serviced Loans. These include, but are not limited to, assumptions, ownership changes, collateral substitutions, capital reserve changes, etc. The Operating Advisor does not participate in any discussions regarding such actions. As such, Operating Advisor has not assessed the Special Servicer’s operational compliance with respect to those types of actions.
5.The Operating Advisor is not empowered to speak with any investors directly. If the investors have questions regarding this report, they should address such questions to the certificate administrator through the certificate administrator’s website.

Terms used but not defined herein have the meaning set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

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ANNEX D-1

MORTGAGE LOAN REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

As of the Closing Date, each mortgage loan seller will make, with respect to each mortgage loan sold by it that we include in the issuing entity, representations and warranties generally to the effect set forth below. The exceptions to the representations and warranties set forth below are set forth in Annex D-2 attached to this prospectus. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Annex D-1 will have the meanings set forth in this prospectus or, if not defined in this prospectus, in the applicable mortgage loan purchase agreement or the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

Each mortgage loan purchase agreement, together with the related representations and warranties, serves to contractually allocate risk between the mortgage loan seller, on the one hand, and the issuing entity, on the other. Disclosure regarding the representations and warranties is set forth below for the sole purpose of describing some of the terms and conditions of that risk allocation. The presentation of representations and warranties below is not intended as statements regarding the actual characteristics of the mortgage loans, the mortgaged properties or other matters. We cannot assure you that the mortgage loans actually conform to the statements made in the representations and warranties that we present below.

(1)       Whole Loan; Ownership of Mortgage Loans. Except with respect to a Mortgage Loan which is part of a Whole Loan, each Mortgage Loan is a whole loan and not a participation interest in a Mortgage Loan. At the time of the sale, transfer and assignment to Purchaser, no Mortgage Note or Mortgage was subject to any assignment (other than assignments to Seller, or (with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) to the trustee for the related Non-Serviced Securitization Trust), participation (it being understood that a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan does not constitute a participation) or pledge, and Seller had good title to, and was the sole owner of, each Mortgage Loan free and clear of any and all liens, charges, pledges, encumbrances, participations, any other ownership interests on, in or to such Mortgage Loan other than any servicing rights appointment or similar agreement. Seller has full right and authority to sell, assign and transfer each Mortgage Loan, and the assignment to Purchaser constitutes a legal, valid and binding assignment of such Mortgage Loan free and clear of any and all liens, pledges, charges or security interests of any nature encumbering such Mortgage Loan.

(2)       Mortgage Loan Document Status. Each related Mortgage Note, Mortgage, Assignment of Leases (if a separate instrument), guaranty and other agreement executed by or on behalf of the related Mortgagor, guarantor or other obligor in connection with such Mortgage Loan is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the related Mortgagor, guarantor or other obligor (subject to any non-recourse provisions contained in any of the foregoing agreements and any applicable state anti-deficiency or market value limit deficiency legislation), as applicable, and is enforceable in accordance with its terms, except (i) as such enforcement may be limited by (a) bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and (b) general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law) and (ii) that certain provisions in such Mortgage Loan documents (including, without limitation, provisions requiring the payment of default interest, late fees or prepayment/yield maintenance fees, charges and/or premiums) are, or may be, further limited or rendered unenforceable by or under applicable law, but (subject to the limitations set forth in clause (i) above) such limitations or unenforceability will not render such Mortgage Loan documents invalid as a whole or materially interfere with the Mortgagee’s realization of the principal benefits and/or security provided thereby (clauses (i) and (ii) collectively, the “Standard Qualifications”).

Except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentences, there is no valid offset, defense, counterclaim or right of rescission available to the related Mortgagor with respect to any of the related Mortgage Notes, Mortgages or other Mortgage Loan documents, including, without limitation, any such valid offset, defense, counterclaim or right based on intentional fraud by Seller in connection with the

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ANNEX D-1

origination of the Mortgage Loan, that would deny the Mortgagee the principal benefits intended to be provided by the Mortgage Note, Mortgage or other Mortgage Loan documents.

(3)       Mortgage Provisions. The Mortgage Loan documents for each Mortgage Loan contain provisions that render the rights and remedies of the holder thereof adequate for the practical realization against the Mortgaged Property of the principal benefits of the security intended to be provided thereby, including realization by judicial or, if applicable, nonjudicial foreclosure subject to the limitations set forth in the Standard Qualifications.

(4)       Mortgage Status; Waivers and Modifications. Since origination and except by written instruments set forth in the related Mortgage File (a) the material terms of such Mortgage, Mortgage Note, Mortgage Loan guaranty, and related Mortgage Loan documents have not been waived, impaired, modified, altered, satisfied, canceled, subordinated or rescinded in any respect which materially interferes with the security intended to be provided by such Mortgage; (b) no related Mortgaged Property or any portion thereof has been released from the lien of the related Mortgage in any manner which materially interferes with the security intended to be provided by such Mortgage or the use or operation of the remaining portion of such Mortgaged Property; and (c) neither the related Mortgagor nor the related guarantor has been released from its material obligations under the Mortgage Loan.

(5)       Lien; Valid Assignment. Subject to the Standard Qualifications, each assignment of Mortgage and assignment of Assignment of Leases from Seller constitutes a legal, valid and binding assignment from Seller. Each related Mortgage and Assignment of Leases is freely assignable without the consent of the related Mortgagor. Each related Mortgage is a legal, valid and enforceable first lien on the related Mortgagor’s fee (or with respect to those Mortgage Loans described in paragraph (34) hereof, leasehold) interest in the Mortgaged Property in the principal amount of such Mortgage Loan or allocated loan amount (subject only to Permitted Encumbrances (as defined below) and the exceptions to paragraph (6) set forth in Annex D-2 attached to this prospectus (each such exception, a “Title Exception”)), except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by the Standard Qualifications. Such Mortgaged Property (subject to and excepting Permitted Encumbrances and the Title Exceptions) as of origination was, and as of the Cut-Off Date, to Seller’s knowledge, is free and clear of any recorded mechanics’ liens, recorded materialmen’s liens and other recorded encumbrances which are prior to or equal with the lien of the related Mortgage (which lien secures the related Whole Loan, in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan), except those which are bonded over, escrowed for or insured against by a lender’s title insurance policy (as described below), and, to Seller’s knowledge and subject to the rights of tenants (as tenants only) (subject to and excepting Permitted Encumbrances and the Title Exceptions), no rights exist which under law could give rise to any such lien or encumbrance that would be prior to or equal with the lien of the related Mortgage, except those which are bonded over, escrowed for or insured against by a lender’s title insurance policy (as described below). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no representation is made as to the perfection of any security interest in rents or other personal property to the extent that possession or control of such items or actions other than the filing of UCC financing statements is required in order to effect such perfection.

(6)       Permitted Liens; Title Insurance. Each Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan is covered by an American Land Title Association loan title insurance policy or a comparable form of loan title insurance policy approved for use in the applicable jurisdiction (or, if such policy is yet to be issued, by a pro forma policy, a preliminary title policy with escrow instructions or a “marked up” commitment, in each case binding on the title insurer) (the “Title Policy”) in the original principal amount of such Mortgage Loan (or with respect to a Mortgage Loan secured by multiple properties, an amount equal to at least the allocated loan amount with respect to the Title Policy for each such property) after all advances of principal (including any advances held in escrow or reserves), that insures for the benefit of the owner of the indebtedness secured by the Mortgage, the first priority lien of the Mortgage (which lien secures the related Whole Loan, in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan), which lien is subject only to (a) the lien of current real property taxes, water charges, sewer rents and assessments not yet due and payable; (b) covenants, conditions and

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restrictions, rights of way, easements and other matters of public record; (c) the exceptions (general and specific) and exclusions set forth in such Title Policy; (d) other matters to which like properties are commonly subject; (e) the rights of tenants (as tenants only) under leases (including subleases) pertaining to the related Mortgaged Property and condominium declarations; and (f) if the related Mortgage Loan constitutes a Crossed Mortgage Loan, the lien of the Mortgage for the related Crossed Mortgage Loan or Crossed Mortgage Loans; provided that none of such items (a) through (f), individually or in the aggregate, materially and adversely interferes with the value or current use of the Mortgaged Property or the security intended to be provided by such Mortgage or the Mortgagor’s ability to pay its obligations when they become due (collectively, the “Permitted Encumbrances”). Except as contemplated by clause (f) of the preceding sentence none of the Permitted Encumbrances are mortgage liens that are senior to or coordinate and co-equal with the lien of the related Mortgage. Such Title Policy (or, if it has yet to be issued, the coverage to be provided thereby) is in full force and effect, all premiums thereon have been paid, no claims have been made by Seller thereunder and no claims have been paid thereunder. Neither Seller nor, to Seller’s knowledge, any other holder of the Mortgage Loan, has done, by act or omission, anything that would materially impair the coverage under such Title Policy.

(7)       Junior Liens. It being understood that Subordinate Companion Loans secured by the same Mortgage as a Mortgage Loan are not subordinate mortgages or junior liens, except for any Crossed Mortgage Loans, there are, as of origination, and to Seller’s knowledge, as of the Cut-Off Date, no subordinate mortgages or junior liens securing the payment of money encumbering the related Mortgaged Property (other than Permitted Encumbrances and the Title Exceptions, taxes and assessments, mechanics’ and materialmen’s liens (which are the subject of the representation in paragraph (5) above), and equipment and other personal property financing). Except as set forth in the table relating to existing mezzanine indebtedness under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness—Mezzanine Indebtedness” in this prospectus, Seller has no knowledge of any mezzanine debt secured directly by interests in the related Mortgagor.

(8)       Assignment of Leases and Rents. There exists as part of the related Mortgage File an Assignment of Leases (either as a separate instrument or incorporated into the related Mortgage). Subject to the Permitted Encumbrances and the Title Exceptions (and in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, subject to the related Assignment of Leases constituting security for the entire Whole Loan), each related Assignment of Leases creates a valid first-priority collateral assignment of, or a valid first-priority lien or security interest in, rents and certain rights under the related lease or leases, subject only to a license granted to the related Mortgagor to exercise certain rights and to perform certain obligations of the lessor under such lease or leases, including the right to operate the related leased property, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by the Standard Qualifications. The related Mortgage or related Assignment of Leases, subject to applicable law, provides that, upon an event of default under the Mortgage Loan, a receiver is permitted to be appointed for the collection of rents or for the related Mortgagee to enter into possession to collect the rents or for rents to be paid directly to the Mortgagee.

(9)       UCC Filings. If the related Mortgaged Property is operated as a hospitality property, the Seller has filed and/or recorded or caused to be filed and/or recorded (or, if not filed and/or recorded, has submitted or caused to be submitted in proper form for filing and/or recording), UCC financing statements in the appropriate public filing and/or recording offices necessary at the time of the origination of the Mortgage Loan to perfect a valid security interest in all items of physical personal property reasonably necessary to operate such Mortgaged Property owned by such Mortgagor and located on the related Mortgaged Property (other than any non-material personal property, any personal property subject to a purchase money security interest, a sale and leaseback financing arrangement as permitted under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents or any other personal property leases applicable to such personal property), to the extent perfection may be effected pursuant to applicable law by recording or filing, as the case may be. Subject to the Standard Qualifications, each related Mortgage (or equivalent document) creates a valid and enforceable lien and security interest on the items of personalty described above. No representation is made as to the perfection of any security interest in rents or other personal property to the extent

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that possession or control of such items or actions other than the filing of UCC financing statements are required in order to effect such perfection.

(10)     Condition of Property. Seller or the originator of the Mortgage Loan inspected or caused to be inspected each related Mortgaged Property within six months of origination of the Mortgage Loan and within twelve months of the Cut-Off Date.

An engineering report or property condition assessment was prepared in connection with the origination of each Mortgage Loan no more than twelve months prior to the Cut-Off Date. To Seller’s knowledge, based solely upon due diligence customarily performed in connection with the origination of comparable mortgage loans, as of the Closing Date, each related Mortgaged Property was free and clear of any material damage (other than (i) deferred maintenance for which escrows were established at origination and (ii) any damage fully covered by insurance) that would affect materially and adversely the use or value of such Mortgaged Property as security for the Mortgage Loan.

(11)     Taxes and Assessments. All taxes, governmental assessments and other outstanding governmental charges (including, without limitation, water and sewage charges), or installments thereof, which could be a lien on the related Mortgaged Property that would be of equal or superior priority to the lien of the Mortgage and that prior to the Cut-Off Date have become delinquent in respect of each related Mortgaged Property have been paid, or an escrow of funds has been established in an amount sufficient to cover such payments and reasonably estimated interest and penalties, if any, thereon. For purposes of this representation and warranty, real estate taxes and governmental assessments and other outstanding governmental charges and installments thereof shall not be considered delinquent until the earlier of (a) the date on which interest and/or penalties would first be payable thereon and (b) the date on which enforcement action is entitled to be taken by the related taxing authority.

(12)     Condemnation. As of the date of origination and to Seller’s knowledge as of the Cut-Off Date, there is no proceeding pending, and, to Seller’s knowledge as of the date of origination and as of the Cut-Off Date, there is no proceeding threatened, for the total or partial condemnation of such Mortgaged Property that would have a material adverse effect on the value, use or operation of the Mortgaged Property.

(13)     Actions Concerning Mortgage Loan. As of the date of origination and to Seller’s knowledge as of the Cut-Off Date, there was no pending or filed action, suit or proceeding, arbitration or governmental investigation involving any Mortgagor, guarantor or Mortgagor’s interest in the Mortgaged Property, an adverse outcome of which would reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect (a) such Mortgagor’s title to the Mortgaged Property, (b) the validity or enforceability of the Mortgage, (c) such Mortgagor’s ability to perform under the related Mortgage Loan, (d) such guarantor’s ability to perform under the related guaranty, (e) the principal benefit of the security intended to be provided by the Mortgage Loan documents or (f) the current principal use of the Mortgaged Property.

(14)     Escrow Deposits. All escrow deposits and payments required to be escrowed with lender pursuant to each Mortgage Loan are in the possession, or under the control, of Seller or its servicer, and there are no deficiencies (subject to any applicable grace or cure periods) in connection therewith, and all such escrows and deposits (or the right thereto) that are required to be escrowed with lender under the related Mortgage Loan documents are being conveyed by Seller to Purchaser or its servicer (or in the case of a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, to the depositor or servicer for the related Non-Serviced Securitization Trust).

(15)     No Holdbacks. The principal amount of the Mortgage Loan stated on the Mortgage Loan Schedule has been fully disbursed as of the Closing Date and there is no requirement for future advances thereunder (except in those cases where the full amount of the Mortgage Loan has been disbursed but a portion thereof is being held in escrow or reserve accounts pending the satisfaction of certain conditions relating to leasing, repairs or other matters with respect to the related

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ANNEX D-1

Mortgaged Property, the Mortgagor or other considerations determined by Seller to merit such holdback).

(16)     Insurance. Each related Mortgaged Property is, and is required pursuant to the related Mortgage to be, insured by a property insurance policy providing coverage for loss in accordance with coverage found under a “special cause of loss form” or “all risk form” that includes replacement cost valuation issued by an insurer meeting the requirements of the related Mortgage Loan documents and having a claims-paying or financial strength rating meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements (as defined below), in an amount (subject to a customary deductible) not less than the lesser of (1) the original principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable, and (2) the full insurable value on a replacement cost basis of the improvements, furniture, furnishings, fixtures and equipment owned by the Mortgagor and included in the Mortgaged Property (with no deduction for physical depreciation), but, in any event, not less than the amount necessary, or containing such endorsements as are necessary, to avoid the operation of any coinsurance provisions with respect to the related Mortgaged Property.

Insurance Ratings Requirements” means either (1) a claims paying or financial strength rating of at least “A-:VIII” from A.M. Best Company or “A3” (or the equivalent) from Moody’s or “A-” from S&P or (2) the Syndicate Insurance Ratings Requirements. “Syndicate Insurance Ratings Requirements” means insurance provided by a syndicate of insurers, as to which (i) if such syndicate consists of 5 or more members, at least 60% of the coverage is provided by insurers that meet the Insurance Ratings Requirements (under clause (1) of the definition of such term) and up to 40% of the coverage is provided by insurers that have a claims paying or financial strength rating of at least “BBB-” by S&P or “Baa3” by Moody’s, and (ii) if such syndicate consists of 4 or fewer members, at least 75% of the coverage is provided by insurers that meet the Insurance Ratings Requirements (under clause (1) of the definition of such term) and up to 25% of the coverage is provided by insurers that have a claims paying or financial strength rating of at least “BBB-“ by S&P or “Baa3” by Moody’s.

Each related Mortgaged Property is also covered, and required to be covered pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents, by business interruption or rental loss insurance which (subject to a customary deductible) covers a period of not less than 12 months (or with respect to each Mortgage Loan on a single asset with a principal balance of $50 million or more, 18 months).

If any material part of the improvements, exclusive of a parking lot, located on a Mortgaged Property is in an area identified in the Federal Register by the Federal Emergency Management Agency as having special flood hazards, the related Mortgagor is required to maintain insurance in an amount equal to the lesser of (A) the maximum amount available under the National Flood Insurance Program, plus additional excess flood coverage in an amount as is generally required by prudent institutional commercial mortgage lenders originating mortgage loans for securitization, (B) the outstanding principal amount of the Mortgage Loan or (C) the insurable value of the Mortgaged Property.

If the Mortgaged Property is located within 25 miles of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico or the Atlantic coast of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina or North Carolina, the related Mortgagor is required to maintain coverage for windstorm and/or windstorm related perils and/or “named storms” issued by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements or endorsement covering damage from windstorm and/or windstorm related perils and/or named storms, in an amount not less than the lesser of (1) the original principal balance of the Mortgage Loan and (2) the full insurable value on a replacement cost basis of the improvements, furniture, furnishings, fixtures and equipment owned by the Mortgagor and included in the Mortgaged Property (with no deduction for physical depreciation), but, in any event, not less than the amount necessary or containing such endorsements as are necessary to avoid the operation of any coinsurance provisions with respect to the related Mortgaged Property by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements.

The Mortgaged Property is covered, and required to be covered pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents, by a commercial general liability insurance policy issued by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements including coverage for property damage, contractual damage and personal injury (including bodily injury and death) in amounts as are generally required by the Seller for

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loans originated for securitization, and in any event not less than $1 million per occurrence and $2 million in the aggregate.

An architectural or engineering consultant has performed an analysis of each of the Mortgaged Properties located in seismic zones 3 or 4 in order to evaluate the structural and seismic condition of such property, for the sole purpose of assessing the scenario expected limit (“SEL”) for the Mortgaged Property in the event of an earthquake. In such instance, the SEL was based on a 475-year return period, an exposure period of 50 years and a 10% probability of exceedance. If the resulting report concluded that the SEL would exceed 20% of the amount of the replacement costs of the improvements, earthquake insurance on such Mortgaged Property was obtained by an insurer rated at least “A:VIII” by A.M. Best Company or “A3” (or the equivalent) from Moody’s or “A-” by S&P in an amount not less than 100% of the SEL.

The Mortgage Loan documents require insurance proceeds (or an amount equal to such insurance proceeds) in respect of a property loss to be applied either (a) to the repair or restoration of all or part of the related Mortgaged Property, with respect to all property losses in excess of 5% of the then outstanding principal amount of the related Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable, the lender (or a trustee appointed by it) having the right to hold and disburse such proceeds as the repair or restoration progresses, or (b) to the payment of the outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable, together with any accrued interest thereon.

All premiums on all insurance policies referred to in this section required to be paid as of the Cut-off Date have been paid, and such insurance policies name the lender under the Mortgage Loan and its successors and assigns as a loss payee under a mortgagee endorsement clause or, in the case of the general liability insurance policy, as named or additional insured. Such insurance policies will inure to the benefit of the Trustee (or in the case of a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the applicable Non-Serviced Trustee). Each related Mortgage Loan obligates the related Mortgagor to maintain all such insurance and, at such Mortgagor’s failure to do so, authorizes the lender to maintain such insurance at the Mortgagor’s cost and expense and to charge such Mortgagor for related premiums. All such insurance policies (other than commercial liability policies) require at least 10 days’ prior notice to the lender of termination or cancellation arising because of nonpayment of a premium and at least 30 days prior notice to the lender of termination or cancellation (or such lesser period, not less than 10 days, as may be required by applicable law) arising for any reason other than non-payment of a premium and no such notice has been received by Seller.

(17)     Access; Utilities; Separate Tax Lots. Each Mortgaged Property (a) is located on or adjacent to a public road and has direct legal access to such road, or has access via an irrevocable easement or irrevocable right of way permitting ingress and egress to/from a public road, (b) is served by or has uninhibited access rights to public or private water and sewer (or well and septic) and all required utilities, all of which are appropriate for the current use of the Mortgaged Property, and (c) constitutes one or more separate tax parcels which do not include any property which is not part of the Mortgaged Property or is subject to an endorsement under the related Title Policy insuring the Mortgaged Property, or in certain cases, an application has been, or will be, made to the applicable governing authority for creation of separate tax lots, in which case the Mortgage Loan requires the Mortgagor to escrow an amount sufficient to pay taxes for the existing tax parcel of which the Mortgaged Property is a part until the separate tax lots are created.

(18)     No Encroachments. To Seller’s knowledge based solely on surveys obtained in connection with origination and the lender’s Title Policy (or, if such policy is not yet issued, a pro forma title policy, a preliminary title policy with escrow instructions or a “marked up” commitment) obtained in connection with the origination of each Mortgage Loan, all material improvements that were included for the purpose of determining the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property at the time of the origination of such Mortgage Loan are within the boundaries of the related Mortgaged Property, except encroachments that do not materially and adversely affect the value or current

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use of such Mortgaged Property or for which insurance or endorsements were obtained under the Title Policy. No improvements on adjoining parcels encroach onto the related Mortgaged Property except for encroachments that do not materially and adversely affect the value or current use of such Mortgaged Property or for which insurance or endorsements were obtained under the Title Policy. No improvements encroach upon any easements except for encroachments the removal of which would not materially and adversely affect the value or current use of such Mortgaged Property or for which insurance or endorsements obtained with respect to the Title Policy.

(19)     No Contingent Interest or Equity Participation. No Mortgage Loan has a shared appreciation feature, any other contingent interest feature or a negative amortization feature (except that an ARD Loan may provide for the accrual of the portion of interest in excess of the rate in effect prior to the Anticipated Repayment Date) or an equity participation by Seller.

(20)     REMIC. The Mortgage Loan is a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code (but determined without regard to the rule in the U.S. Department of Treasury regulations (the “Treasury Regulations”) Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that treats certain defective mortgage loans as qualified mortgages), and, accordingly, (A) the issue price of the Mortgage Loan to the related Mortgagor at origination did not exceed the non-contingent principal amount of the Mortgage Loan and (B) either: (a) such Mortgage Loan is secured by an interest in real property (including permanently affixed buildings and distinct structural components, such as wiring, plumbing systems and central heating and air-conditioning systems, that are integrated into such buildings, serve such buildings in their passive functions and do not produce or contribute to the production of income other than consideration for the use or occupancy of space, but excluding personal property) having a fair market value (i) at the date the Mortgage Loan (or related Whole Loan) was originated at least equal to 80% of the adjusted issue price of the Mortgage Loan (or related Whole Loan) on such date or (ii) at the Closing Date at least equal to 80% of the adjusted issue price of the Mortgage Loan (or related Whole Loan) on such date, provided that for purposes hereof, the fair market value of the real property interest must first be reduced by (A) the amount of any lien on the real property interest that is senior to the Mortgage Loan and (B) a proportionate amount of any lien that is in parity with the Mortgage Loan; or (b) substantially all of the proceeds of such Mortgage Loan were used to acquire, improve or protect the real property which served as the only security for such Mortgage Loan (other than a recourse feature or other third-party credit enhancement within the meaning of Section 1.860G-2(a)(1)(ii) of the Treasury Regulations). If the Mortgage Loan was “significantly modified” prior to the Closing Date so as to result in a taxable exchange under Section 1001 of the Code, it either (x) was modified as a result of the default or reasonably foreseeable default of such Mortgage Loan or (y) satisfies the provisions of either sub-clause (B)(a)(i) above (substituting the date of the last such modification for the date the Mortgage Loan was originated) or sub-clause (B)(a)(ii), including the proviso thereto. Any prepayment premium and yield maintenance charges applicable to the Mortgage Loan constitute “customary prepayment penalties” within the meaning of Section 1.860G-1(b)(2) of the Treasury Regulations. All terms used in this paragraph shall have the same meanings as set forth in the related Treasury Regulations.

(21)     Compliance with Certain Laws. The Mortgage Rate (exclusive of any default interest, late charges, yield maintenance charge, or prepayment premiums) of such Mortgage Loan complied as of the date of origination with, or was exempt from, applicable state or federal laws, regulations and other requirements pertaining to usury.

(22)     Authorized to do Business. To the extent required under applicable law, as of the Cut-Off Date or as of the date that such entity held the Mortgage Note, each holder of the Mortgage Note was authorized to transact and do business in the jurisdiction in which each related Mortgaged Property is located, or the failure to be so authorized does not materially and adversely affect the enforceability of such Mortgage Loan by the Trust.

(23)     Trustee under Deed of Trust. With respect to each Mortgage which is a deed of trust, as of the date of origination and, to Seller’s knowledge, as of the Closing Date, a trustee, duly qualified under applicable law to serve as such, currently so serves and is named in the deed of trust or has been substituted in accordance with the Mortgage and applicable law or may be substituted in accordance with the Mortgage and applicable law by the related Mortgagee.

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(24)     Local Law Compliance. To Seller’s knowledge, based upon any of a letter from any governmental authorities, a legal opinion, an architect’s letter, a zoning consultant’s report, an endorsement to the related Title Policy, or other affirmative investigation of local law compliance consistent with the investigation conducted by Seller for similar commercial and multifamily mortgage loans intended for securitization, the improvements located on or forming part of each Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan as of the date of origination of such Mortgage Loan and as of the Cut-Off Date, there are no material violations of applicable zoning ordinances, building codes and land laws (collectively “Zoning Regulations”) other than those which (i) are insured by the Title Policy or a law and ordinance insurance policy or (ii) would not have a material adverse effect on the Mortgage Loan. The terms of the Mortgage Loan documents require the Mortgagor to comply in all material respects with all applicable governmental regulations, zoning and building laws.

(25)     Licenses and Permits. Each Mortgagor covenants in the Mortgage Loan documents that it shall keep all material licenses, permits and applicable governmental authorizations necessary for its operation of the Mortgaged Property in full force and effect, and to Seller’s knowledge based upon a letter from any government authorities, zoning consultant’s report or other affirmative investigation of local law compliance consistent with the investigation conducted by Seller for similar commercial and multifamily mortgage loans intended for securitization, all such material licenses, permits and applicable governmental authorizations are in effect. The Mortgage Loan requires the related Mortgagor to be qualified to do business in the jurisdiction in which the related Mortgaged Property is located.

(26)     Recourse Obligations. The Mortgage Loan documents for each Mortgage Loan provide that such Mortgage Loan (a) becomes full recourse to the Mortgagor and guarantor (which is a natural person or persons, or an entity distinct from the Mortgagor (but may be affiliated with the Mortgagor) that has assets other than equity in the related Mortgaged Property that are not de minimis) in any of the following events: (i) if any voluntary petition for bankruptcy, insolvency, dissolution or liquidation pursuant to federal bankruptcy law, or any similar federal or state law, shall be filed by the Mortgagor; (ii) Mortgagor or guarantor shall have colluded with (or, alternatively, solicited or caused to be solicited) other creditors to cause an involuntary bankruptcy filing with respect to the Mortgagor or (iii) voluntary transfers of either the Mortgaged Property or equity interests in Mortgagor made in violation of the Mortgage Loan documents; and (b) contains provisions providing for recourse against the Mortgagor and guarantor (which is a natural person or persons, or an entity distinct from the Mortgagor (but may be affiliated with the Mortgagor) that has assets other than equity in the related Mortgaged Property that are not de minimis), for losses and damages sustained by reason of Mortgagor’s (i) misappropriation of rents after the occurrence of an event of default under the Mortgage Loan; (ii) misappropriation of (A) insurance proceeds or condemnation awards or (B) security deposits or, alternatively, the failure of any security deposits to be delivered to lender upon foreclosure or action in lieu thereof (except to the extent applied in accordance with leases prior to a Mortgage Loan event of default); (iii) fraud or intentional material misrepresentation; (iv) breaches of the environmental covenants in the Mortgage Loan documents; or (v) commission of intentional material physical waste at the Mortgaged Property (but, in some cases, only to the extent there is sufficient cash flow generated by the Mortgaged Property to prevent such waste).

(27)     Mortgage Releases. The terms of the related Mortgage or related Mortgage Loan documents do not provide for release of any material portion of the Mortgaged Property from the lien of the Mortgage except (a) a partial release, accompanied by principal repayment, or partial Defeasance (as defined in paragraph (32) below), of not less than a specified percentage at least equal to the lesser of (i) 110% of the related allocated loan amount of such portion of the Mortgaged Property and (ii) the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable, (b) upon payment in full of such Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable, (c) upon a Defeasance (as defined in paragraph (32) below), (d) releases of out-parcels that are unimproved or other portions of the Mortgaged Property which will not have a material adverse effect on the underwritten value of the Mortgaged Property and which were not afforded any material value in the appraisal obtained at the origination of the Mortgage Loan and are not necessary for physical access

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ANNEX D-1

to the Mortgaged Property or compliance with zoning requirements, or (e) as required pursuant to an order of condemnation. With respect to any partial release under the preceding clauses (a) or (d), either: (x) such release of collateral (i) would not constitute a “significant modification” of the subject Mortgage Loan within the meaning of Section 1.860G-2(b)(2) of the Treasury Regulations and (ii) would not cause the subject Mortgage Loan to fail to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3)(A) of the Code; or (y) the Mortgagee or servicer can, in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan documents, condition such release of collateral on the related Mortgagor’s delivery of an opinion of tax counsel to the effect specified in the immediately preceding clause (x). For purposes of the preceding clause (x), if the fair market value of the real property constituting such Mortgaged Property (reduced by (1) the amount of any lien on the real property that is senior to the Mortgage Loan and (2) a proportionate amount of any lien on real property that is in parity with the Mortgage Loan) after the release is not equal to at least 80% of the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable, outstanding after the release, the Mortgagor is required to make a payment of principal in an amount not less than the amount required by the REMIC Provisions.

In the case of any Mortgage Loan, in the event of a taking of any portion of a Mortgaged Property by a State or any political subdivision or authority thereof, whether by legal proceeding or by agreement, the Mortgagor can be required to pay down the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable, in an amount not less than the amount required by the loan-to-value ratio and other requirements of the REMIC Provisions and, to such extent, condemnation awards may not be required to be applied to the restoration of the Mortgaged Property or released to the Mortgagor, if, immediately after the release of such portion of the Mortgaged Property from the lien of the Mortgage (but taking into account the planned restoration) the fair market value of the real property constituting the remaining Mortgaged Property (reduced by (1) the amount of any lien on the real property that is senior to the Mortgage Loan and (2) a proportionate amount of any lien on real property that is in parity with the Mortgage Loan) is not equal to at least 80% of the remaining principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable.

No Mortgage Loan that is secured by more than one Mortgaged Property or that is a Crossed Mortgage Loan permits the release of cross-collateralization of the related Mortgaged Properties or a portion thereof, including due to a partial condemnation, other than in compliance with loan-to-value ratio and other requirements of the REMIC Provisions.

(28)       Financial Reporting and Rent Rolls. Each Mortgage requires the Mortgagor to provide the owner or holder of the Mortgage with quarterly (other than for single-tenant properties) and annual operating statements, and quarterly (other than for single-tenant properties) rent rolls for properties that have leases contributing more than 5% of the in-place base rent and annual financial statements, which annual financial statements with respect to each Mortgage Loan with more than one Mortgagor are in the form of either an individual or combined annual balance sheet of the Mortgagor entities (and no other entities), together with the related combined or individual statements of operations, members’ capital and cash flows, including a combined or individual balance sheet and statement of income for the Mortgaged Properties on a combined or individual basis.

(29)       Acts of Terrorism Exclusion. With respect to each Mortgage Loan over $20 million, the related special-form all-risk insurance policy and business interruption policy (issued by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements) do not specifically exclude Acts of Terrorism, as defined in the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, as amended by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (collectively referred to as “TRIPRA”), from coverage, or if such coverage is excluded, it is covered by a separate terrorism insurance policy. With respect to each other Mortgage Loan, the related special all-risk insurance policy and business interruption policy (issued by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements) did not, as of the date of origination of the Mortgage Loan, and, to Seller’s knowledge, do not, as of the Cut-Off Date, specifically exclude Acts of Terrorism, as defined in TRIPRA, from coverage, or if such coverage is excluded, it is covered by a separate terrorism insurance policy. With respect to each Mortgage

D-1-9 

 

ANNEX D-1

Loan, the related Mortgage Loan documents do not expressly waive or prohibit the Mortgagee from requiring coverage for Acts of Terrorism, as defined in TRIPRA, or damages related thereto except to the extent that any right to require such coverage may be limited by commercial availability on commercially reasonable terms; provided, that if TRIPRA or a similar or subsequent statute is not in effect, then, provided that terrorism insurance is commercially available, the Mortgagor under each Mortgage Loan is required to carry terrorism insurance, but in such event the Mortgagor shall not be required to spend on terrorism insurance coverage more than two times the amount of the insurance premium that is payable in respect of the property and business interruption/rental loss insurance required under the related Mortgage Loan documents (without giving effect to the cost of terrorism and earthquake components of such casualty and business interruption/rental loss insurance) at the time of the origination of the Mortgage Loan, and if the cost of terrorism insurance exceeds such amount, the Mortgagor is required to purchase the maximum amount of terrorism insurance available with funds equal to such amount.

(30)       Due on Sale or Encumbrance. Subject to specific exceptions set forth below, each Mortgage Loan contains a “due on sale” or other such provision for the acceleration of the payment of the unpaid principal balance of such Mortgage Loan if, without the consent of the holder of the Mortgage (which consent, in some cases, may not be unreasonably withheld) and/or complying with the requirements of the related Mortgage Loan documents (which provide for transfers without the consent of the lender which are customarily acceptable to Seller lending on the security of property comparable to the related Mortgaged Property, including, without limitation, transfers of worn-out or obsolete furnishings, fixtures, or equipment promptly replaced with property of equivalent value and functionality and transfers by leases entered into in accordance with the Mortgage Loan documents), (a) the related Mortgaged Property, or any equity interest of greater than 50% in the related Mortgagor, is directly or indirectly pledged, transferred or sold, other than as related to (i) family and estate planning transfers or transfers upon death or legal incapacity, (ii) transfers to certain affiliates as defined in the related Mortgage Loan documents, (iii) transfers of less than, or other than, a controlling interest in the related Mortgagor, (iv) transfers to another holder of direct or indirect equity in the Mortgagor, a specific Person designated in the related Mortgage Loan documents or a Person satisfying specific criteria identified in the related Mortgage Loan documents, such as a qualified equityholder, (v) transfers of stock or similar equity units in publicly traded companies or (vi) a substitution or release of collateral within the parameters of paragraphs (27) and (32) herein or the exceptions thereto set forth in Annex D-2 attached to this prospectus, or (vii) by reason of any mezzanine debt that existed at the origination of the related Mortgage Loan (as set forth on Schedule D-1 for this Annex D-1), or future permitted mezzanine debt (as set forth on Schedule D-2 to this Annex D-1) or (b) the related Mortgaged Property is encumbered with a subordinate lien or security interest against the related Mortgaged Property, other than (i) any Serviced Companion Loan or Non-Serviced Companion Loan or any subordinate debt that existed at origination and is permitted under the related Mortgage Loan documents, (ii) purchase money security interests, (iii) any Crossed Mortgage Loan, as set forth on Annex A-1 to this prospectus or (iv) Permitted Encumbrances. The Mortgage or other Mortgage Loan documents provide that to the extent any Rating Agency fees are incurred in connection with the review of and consent to any transfer or encumbrance, the Mortgagor is responsible for such payment along with all other reasonable fees and expenses incurred by the Mortgagee relative to such transfer or encumbrance.

(31)       Single-Purpose Entity. Each Mortgage Loan requires the Mortgagor to be a Single-Purpose Entity for at least as long as the Mortgage Loan is outstanding. Both the Mortgage Loan documents and the organizational documents of the Mortgagor with respect to each Mortgage Loan with a Cut-Off Date Principal Balance in excess of $5 million provide that the Mortgagor is a Single-Purpose Entity, and each Mortgage Loan with a Cut-Off Date Principal Balance of $30 million or more has a counsel’s opinion regarding non-consolidation of the Mortgagor. For this purpose, a “Single-Purpose Entity” shall mean an entity, other than an individual, whose organizational documents (or if the Mortgage Loan has a Cut-Off Date Principal Balance equal to $5 million or less, its organizational documents or the related Mortgage Loan documents) provide substantially to the effect that it was formed or organized solely for the purpose of owning and operating one or more of the Mortgaged Properties securing the Mortgage Loans and prohibit it from engaging in any

D-1-10 

 

ANNEX D-1

business unrelated to such Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, and whose organizational documents further provide, or which entity represented in the related Mortgage Loan documents, substantially to the effect that it does not have any assets other than those related to its interest in and operation of such Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, or any indebtedness other than as permitted by the related Mortgage(s) or the other related Mortgage Loan documents, that it has its own books and records and accounts separate and apart from those of any other person (other than a Mortgagor for a Crossed Mortgage Loan), and that it holds itself out as a legal entity, separate and apart from any other person or entity.

(32)       Defeasance. With respect to any Mortgage Loan that, pursuant to the Mortgage Loan documents, can be defeased (a “Defeasance”), (i) the Mortgage Loan documents provide for Defeasance as a unilateral right of the Mortgagor, subject to satisfaction of conditions specified in the Mortgage Loan documents; (ii) the Mortgage Loan cannot be defeased within two years after the Closing Date; (iii) the Mortgagor is permitted to pledge only United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 1.860G-2(a)(8)(ii) of the Treasury Regulations, the revenues from which will, in the case of a full Defeasance, be sufficient to make all scheduled payments under the Mortgage Loan when due, including the entire remaining principal balance on the maturity date (or on or after the first date on which payment may be made without payment of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment penalty) or, if the Mortgage Loan is an ARD Loan, the entire principal balance outstanding on the Anticipated Repayment Date (or on or after the first date on which payment may be made without payment of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment penalty), and if the Mortgage Loan permits partial releases of real property in connection with partial Defeasance, the revenues from the collateral will be sufficient to pay all such scheduled payments calculated on a principal amount equal to a specified percentage at least equal to the lesser of (a) 110% of the allocated loan amount for the real property to be released and (b) the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as applicable; (iv) the defeasance collateral is not permitted to be subject to prepayment, call, or early redemption that results in revenues from such collateral that are insufficient to pay all applicable payments described in clause (iii) above; (v) the Mortgagor is required to provide a certification from an independent certified public accountant that the collateral is sufficient to make all scheduled payments under the Mortgage Note as set forth in clause (iii) above; (vi) if the Mortgagor would continue to own assets in addition to the defeasance collateral, the portion of the Mortgage Loan secured by Defeasance collateral is required to be assumed (or the Mortgagee may require such assumption) by a Single-Purpose Entity; (vii) the Mortgagor is required to provide an opinion of counsel that the Mortgagee has a perfected security interest in such collateral prior to any other claim or interest; and (viii) the Mortgagor is required to pay all rating agency fees associated with Defeasance (if rating confirmation is a specific condition precedent thereto) and all other reasonable expenses associated with Defeasance, including, but not limited to, accountant’s fees and opinions of counsel.

(33)       Fixed Interest Rates. Each Mortgage Loan bears interest at a rate that remains fixed throughout the remaining term of such Mortgage Loan, except in the case of ARD loans and situations where default interest is imposed.

(34)       Ground Leases. For purposes of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement, a “Ground Lease” shall mean a lease creating a leasehold estate in real property where the fee owner as the ground lessor conveys for a term or terms of years its entire interest in the land (or, with respect to air rights leases, the air) and buildings and other improvements, if any, comprising the premises demised under such lease to the ground lessee (who may, in certain circumstances, own the building and improvements on the land), subject to the reversionary interest of the ground lessor as fee owner and does not include industrial development agency or similar leases for purposes of conferring a tax abatement or other benefit.

With respect to any Mortgage Loan where the Mortgage Loan is secured by a leasehold estate under a Ground Lease in whole or in part, and the related Mortgage does not also encumber the related lessor’s fee interest in such Mortgaged Property, based upon the terms of the Ground Lease and any estoppel or

D-1-11 

 

ANNEX D-1

other agreement received from the ground lessor in favor of Seller, its successors and assigns, Seller represents and warrants that:

(a)   The Ground Lease or a memorandum regarding such Ground Lease has been duly recorded or submitted for recordation in a form that is acceptable for recording in the applicable jurisdiction. The Ground Lease or an estoppel or other agreement received from the ground lessor permits the interest of the lessee to be encumbered by the related Mortgage and does not restrict the use of the related Mortgaged Property by such lessee, its successors or assigns in a manner that would materially adversely affect the security provided by the related Mortgage;

(b)   The lessor under such Ground Lease has agreed in a writing included in the related Mortgage File (or in such Ground Lease) that the Ground Lease may not be amended or modified, or canceled or terminated by agreement of lessor and lessee, without the prior written consent of the lender, and no such consent has been granted by the Seller since the origination of the Mortgage Loan except as reflected in any written instruments which are included in the related Mortgage File;

(c)   The Ground Lease has an original term (or an original term plus one or more optional renewal terms, which, under all circumstances, may be exercised, and will be enforceable, by either Mortgagor or the Mortgagee) that extends not less than 20 years beyond the stated maturity of the related Mortgage Loan, or 10 years past the stated maturity if such Mortgage Loan fully amortizes by the stated maturity (or with respect to a Mortgage Loan that accrues on an actual 360 basis, substantially amortizes);

(d)   The Ground Lease either (i) is not subject to any liens or encumbrances superior to, or of equal priority with, the Mortgage, except for the related fee interest of the ground lessor and the Permitted Encumbrances, or (ii) is subject to a subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreement to which the Mortgagee on the lessor’s fee interest in the Mortgaged Property is subject;

(e)   The Ground Lease does not place commercially unreasonable restrictions on the identity of the Mortgagee and the Ground Lease is assignable (including pursuant to foreclosure) to the holder of the Mortgage Loan and its successors and assigns without the consent of the lessor thereunder, and in the event it is so assigned, it is further assignable by the holder of the Mortgage Loan and its successors and assigns without the consent of the lessor;

(f)     Seller has not received any written notice of material default under or notice of termination of such Ground Lease. To Seller’s knowledge, there is no material default under such Ground Lease and no condition that, but for the passage of time or giving of notice, would result in a material default under the terms of such Ground Lease and to Seller’s knowledge, such Ground Lease is in full force and effect as of the Closing Date;

(g)   The Ground Lease or ancillary agreement between the lessor and the lessee requires the lessor to give to the lender written notice of any default, and provides that no notice of default or termination is effective against the lender unless such notice is given to the lender;

(h)   A lender is permitted a reasonable opportunity (including, where necessary, sufficient time to gain possession of the interest of the lessee under the Ground Lease through legal proceedings) to cure any default under the Ground Lease which is curable after the lender’s receipt of notice of any default before the lessor may terminate the Ground Lease;

(i)     The Ground Lease does not impose any restrictions on subletting that would be viewed as commercially unreasonable by Seller in connection with loans originated for securitization;

(j)     Under the terms of the Ground Lease, an estoppel or other agreement received from the ground lessor and the related Mortgage (taken together), any related insurance proceeds or the portion of the condemnation award allocable to the ground lessee’s interest (other than (i) de minimis amounts for minor casualties or (ii) in respect of a total or substantially total loss or taking as addressed in clause (k) below) will be applied either to the repair or to restoration of all or part of the

D-1-12 

 

ANNEX D-1

related Mortgaged Property with (so long as such proceeds are in excess of the threshold amount specified in the related Mortgage Loan documents) the lender or a trustee appointed by it having the right to hold and disburse such proceeds as repair or restoration progresses, or to the payment of the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, together with any accrued interest;

(k)   In the case of a total or substantially total taking or loss, under the terms of the Ground Lease, an estoppel or other agreement and the related Mortgage (taken together), any related insurance proceeds, or portion of the condemnation award allocable to ground lessee’s interest in respect of a total or substantially total loss or taking of the related Mortgaged Property to the extent not applied to restoration, will be applied first to the payment of the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, together with any accrued interest; and

(l)     Provided that the lender cures any defaults which are susceptible to being cured, the ground lessor has agreed to enter into a new lease with lender upon termination of the Ground Lease for any reason, including rejection of the Ground Lease in a bankruptcy proceeding.

(35)       Servicing. The servicing and collection practices used by Seller with respect to the Mortgage Loan have been, in all respects, legal and have met customary industry standards for servicing of commercial loans for conduit loan programs.

(36)       Origination and Underwriting. The origination practices of Seller (or the related originator if Seller was not the originator) with respect to each Mortgage Loan have been, in all material respects, legal and as of the date of its origination, such Mortgage Loan and the origination thereof complied in all material respects with, or was exempt from, all requirements of federal, state or local law relating to the origination of such Mortgage Loan; provided, that such representation and warranty does not address or otherwise cover any matters with respect to federal, state or local law otherwise covered in this Annex D-1.

(37)       No Material Default; Payment Record. No Mortgage Loan has been more than 30 days delinquent, without giving effect to any grace or cure period, in making required payments since origination, and as of the date hereof, no Mortgage Loan is more than 30 days delinquent (beyond any applicable grace or cure period) in making required payments as of the Closing Date. To Seller’s knowledge, there is (a) no material default, breach, violation or event of acceleration existing under the related Mortgage Loan, or (b) no event (other than payments due but not yet delinquent) which, with the passage of time or with notice and the expiration of any grace or cure period, would constitute a material default, breach, violation or event of acceleration, which default, breach, violation or event of acceleration, in the case of either clause (a) or clause (b), materially and adversely affects the value of the Mortgage Loan or the value, use or operation of the related Mortgaged Property, provided, that this representation and warranty does not cover any default, breach, violation or event of acceleration that specifically pertains to or arises out of an exception scheduled to any other representation and warranty made by Seller in this Annex D-1. No person other than the holder of such Mortgage Loan may declare any event of default under the Mortgage Loan or accelerate any indebtedness under the Mortgage Loan documents.

(38)       Bankruptcy. As of the date of origination of the related Mortgage Loan and to the Seller’s knowledge as of the Cut-Off Date, neither the Mortgaged Property (other than any tenants of such Mortgaged Property), nor any portion thereof, is the subject of, and no Mortgagor, guarantor or tenant occupying a single-tenant property is a debtor in state or federal bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding.

(39)       Organization of Mortgagor. With respect to each Mortgage Loan, in reliance on certified copies of the organizational documents of the Mortgagor delivered by the Mortgagor in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan, the Mortgagor is an entity organized under the laws of a state of the United States of America, the District of Columbia or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Except with respect to any Crossed Mortgage Loan, and except as set forth on Schedule D-3 for this Annex D-1 no Mortgage Loan has a Mortgagor that is an Affiliate of another Mortgagor. An “Affiliate

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ANNEX D-1

for purposes of this paragraph (39) means, a Mortgagor that is under direct or indirect common ownership and control with another Mortgagor.

(40)       Environmental Conditions. A Phase I environmental site assessment (or update of a previous Phase I and or Phase II site assessment) and, with respect to certain Mortgage Loans, a Phase II environmental site assessment (collectively, an “ESA”) meeting ASTM requirements conducted by a reputable environmental consultant in connection with such Mortgage Loan within 12 months prior to its origination date (or an update of a previous ESA was prepared), and such ESA (i) did not identify the existence of Recognized Environmental Conditions (as such term is defined in ASTM E1527-05 or its successor, hereinafter “Environmental Condition”) at the related Mortgaged Property or the need for further investigation, or (ii) if the existence of an Environmental Condition or need for further investigation was indicated in any such ESA, then at least one of the following statements is true: (A) an amount reasonably estimated by a reputable environmental consultant to be sufficient to cover the estimated cost to cure any material noncompliance with applicable Environmental Laws or the Environmental Condition has been escrowed by the related Mortgagor and is held or controlled by the related lender; (B) if the only Environmental Condition relates to the presence of asbestos-containing materials, radon in indoor air, lead based paint or lead in drinking water, the only recommended action in the ESA is the institution of such a plan, an operations or maintenance plan has been required to be instituted by the related Mortgagor that can reasonably be expected to mitigate the identified risk; (C) the Environmental Condition identified in the related environmental report was remediated, abated or contained in all material respects prior to the date hereof, and, if and as appropriate, a no further action, completion or closure letter or its equivalent, was obtained from the applicable governmental regulatory authority (or the Environmental Condition affecting the related Mortgaged Property was otherwise listed by such governmental authority as “closed” or a reputable environmental consultant has concluded that no further action or investigation is required); (D) an environmental policy or a lender’s pollution legal liability insurance policy that covers liability for the Environmental Condition was obtained from an insurer rated no less than “A-” (or the equivalent) by Moody’s, S&P, Fitch and/or A.M. Best Company; (E) a party not related to the Mortgagor was identified as the responsible party for the Environmental Condition and such responsible party has financial resources reasonably estimated to be adequate to address the situation; or (F) a party related to the Mortgagor having financial resources reasonably estimated to be adequate to address the situation is required to take action. To Seller’s knowledge, except as set forth in the ESA or this prospectus, there is no Environmental Condition at the related Mortgaged Property.

(41)       Appraisal. The Mortgage File contains an appraisal of the related Mortgaged Property with an appraisal date within 6 months of the Mortgage Loan origination date, and within 12 months of the Closing Date. The appraisal is signed by an appraiser who is a Member of the Appraisal Institute (“MAI”) and that (i) was engaged directly by the originator (or co-originator) of the Mortgage Loan (or the related Whole Loan) or Seller, or a correspondent or agent of the originator (or co-originator) of the Mortgage Loan (or the related Whole Loan) or Seller, and (ii) to Seller’s knowledge, had no interest, direct or indirect, in the Mortgaged Property or the Mortgagor or in any loan made on the security thereof, and whose compensation is not affected by the approval or disapproval of the Mortgage Loan. Each appraiser has represented in such appraisal or in a supplemental letter that the appraisal satisfies the requirements of the “Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice” as adopted by the Appraisal Standards Board of the Appraisal Foundation.

(42)       Mortgage Loan Schedule. The information pertaining to each Mortgage Loan which is set forth in the Mortgage Loan Schedule attached as an exhibit to the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement is true and correct in all material respects as of the Cut-Off Date and contains all information required by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to be contained therein.

(43)       Cross-Collateralization. No Mortgage Loan is cross-collateralized or cross-defaulted with any other Mortgage Loan that is outside the Trust, except (i) with respect to any Crossed Mortgage Loan, any mortgage loan that is part of a Whole Loan that is cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with such Mortgage Loan or with a Whole Loan of which such Mortgage Loan is a part, (ii) any

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ANNEX D-1

Companion Loan secured by the same Mortgage as the related Mortgage Loan, or (iii) as set forth on Schedule 2-B of Exhibit 2 to the applicable Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement.

(44)       Advance of Funds by Seller. After origination, no advance of funds has been made by Seller to the related Mortgagor other than in accordance with the Mortgage Loan documents, and, to Seller’s knowledge, no funds have been received from any person other than the related Mortgagor or an affiliate for, or on account of, payments due on the Mortgage Loan (other than as contemplated by the Mortgage Loan documents, such as, by way of example and not in limitation of the foregoing, amounts paid by the tenant(s) into a lender-controlled lockbox if required or contemplated under the related lease or Mortgage Loan documents). Neither Seller nor any affiliate thereof has any obligation to make any capital contribution to any Mortgagor under a Mortgage Loan, other than contributions made on or prior to the date hereof.

(45)       Compliance with Anti-Money Laundering Laws. Seller has complied in all material respects with all applicable anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including without limitation the USA Patriot Act of 2001 with respect to the origination of the Mortgage Loan, the failure to comply with which would have a material adverse effect on the Mortgage Loan.

For purposes of these representations and warranties, the phrases “the Seller’s knowledge” or “the Seller’s belief” and other words and phrases of like import shall mean, except where otherwise expressly set forth herein, the actual state of knowledge or belief of the Seller, its officers and employees directly responsible for the underwriting, origination, servicing or sale of the Mortgage Loans regarding the matters expressly set forth herein.

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ANNEX D-2

EXCEPTIONS TO MORTGAGE LOAN REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC
Rep.
No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and Number as
Identified on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
     

D-2-1 

 

SCHEDULE D-1

MORTGAGE LOANS WITH EXISTING MEZZANINE DEBT

Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC

 

Annex A-1 ID# Mortgage Loans
   

D-2-2 

 

SCHEDULE D-2

MORTGAGE LOANS WITH RESPECT TO WHICH MEZZANINE DEBT IS PERMITTED IN THE FUTURE

Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC

 

Annex A-1 ID# Mortgage Loans
   

D-2-3 

 

SCHEDULE D-3

MORTGAGE LOANS WITH Affiliated Mortgagors

Morgan Stanley Mortgage Capital Holdings LLC

 

Annex A-1 ID# Mortgage Loans
   

D-2-4 

 

  

ANNEX E

 

[CLASS A-SB PLANNED PRINCIPAL BALANCE SCHEDULE]

 

 E-1

 

 

 

 

 

 

No dealer, salesman or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.  

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Prospectus

 

Summary of Certificates 4
Important Notice Regarding The Offered Certificates 14
Important Notice About Information Presented in This Prospectus 15
Summary of Terms 22
Summary of Risk Factors 53
Risk Factors 55
Description of the Mortgage Pool 134
Transaction Parties 189
Credit Risk Retention 208
[EU/UK Risk Retention Agreement] 223
Description of the Certificates 226
Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements 262
Pooling and Servicing Agreement 270
Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans 368
Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties 383
Pending Legal Proceedings Involving Transaction Parties 384
Use of Proceeds 385
Yield and Maturity Considerations 385
Material Federal Income Tax Considerations 393
Certain State and Local Tax Considerations 416
Method of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest) 417
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference 419
Where You Can Find More Information 420
Financial Information 420
Certain ERISA Considerations 420
Legal Investment 424
Legal Matters 425
Ratings 425
Index of Defined Terms 427

 

Dealers will be required to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters of these certificates and with respect to unsold allotments or subscriptions. In addition, all dealers selling these certificates will deliver a prospectus until the date that is ninety days from the date of this prospectus.

Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc.

 

$[DEAL SIZE]

(Approximate)

 

Morgan Stanley Capital I Inc.

Depositor

 

[NAME OF ISSUING ENTITY AND

CIK NUMBER]

Issuing Entity

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through

Certificates, Series [SERIES

DESIGNATION]

 

Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
Class [__] $
[EXCHANGE CLASS] $


 

 

 

PROSPECTUS 

 

 

 

Morgan Stanley
Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner

 

[_______]
Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner

 

[________]
Co-Manager

 

[DATE OF PROSPECTUS]

 

 

 

 

 

 



 

 

 

 

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 12.Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

 

The estimated expenses expected to be incurred in connection with the issuance and distribution of the Certificates being registered, other than underwriting compensation, are set forth below. All such expenses, except for the filing fee, are estimated.

 

SEC Registration Fee  $                      *
Printing and Engraving Fees                          **
Legal Fees and Expenses                          **
Accounting Fees and Expenses                          **
Trustee Fees and Expenses                          **
Rating Agency Fees                          **
Miscellaneous                          **
Total  $                      **

 

*       The Registrant is registering an unspecified amount of securities under this registration statement and in accordance with Rule 456(c) and 457(s) under the Securities Act, the Registrant is deferring payment of the registration fee.

 

**      The applicable prospectus will set forth the estimated aggregate amount of expenses payable in respect of any offering of securities.

 

Item 13.Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

 

Under the proposed form of Underwriting Agreement, the underwriters are obligated under certain circumstances to indemnify officers and directors of the Registrant who sign this registration statement, and certain controlling persons of the Registrant, against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

The Registrant’s Certificate of Incorporation provides for indemnification of directors and officers of the Registrant to the full extent permitted by Delaware law.

 

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides, in substance, that Delaware corporations shall have the power, under specified circumstances, to indemnify their directors, officers, employees and agents in connection with actions, suits or proceedings brought against them by a third party or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that they are or were directors, officers, employees or agents, against expenses incurred in any such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. The Delaware General Corporation Law also provides that the Registrant may purchase insurance on behalf of any such director, officer, employee or agent.

 

The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that no director, officer, employee or agent of the Registrant will be liable to the Trust Fund or the Certificateholders for any action taken or for refraining from the taking of any action in good faith pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or for errors in judgment; provided, however, that the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will not protect any such Person against any breach of warranties or representations made or any liability which would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of duties or by reason of negligent disregard of obligations and duties thereunder. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide further that, with the exceptions stated above, any director, officer,

 

 

 

 

employee or agent of the Registrant will be indemnified and held harmless by the Trust Fund against any and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, reasonable legal fees and related costs, judgments, and any other costs, liabilities, fees and expenses incurred in connection with any legal or administrative action (whether in equity or at law) or claim relating to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the mortgage loans, or the Certificates, other than any loss, liability or expense: (i) specifically required to be borne thereby pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; (ii) incurred in connection with any breach of a representation or warranty made by it therein; (iii) incurred by reason of bad faith, willful misconduct or negligence in the performance of its obligations or duties thereunder or by reason of negligent disregard of such obligation or duties; or (iv) incurred in connection with any violation by any of them of any state or federal securities law.

 

Item 14.Exhibits.

 

  1.1 Form of underwriting agreement.*
  3.1 Articles of incorporation.*
  3.2 Bylaws.*
  4.1 Form of pooling and servicing agreement.**
  4.2 Form of non-serviced pooling and servicing agreement (see Exhibit 4.1).***
  4.3 Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement.****
  4.4 AB Intercreditor Agreement.****
  4.5 Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement.****
  4.6 Form of mortgage loan purchase agreement.*
  5.1 Opinion of Sidley Austin LLP as to the legality of the Certificates.*****
  8.1 Opinion of Sidley Austin LLP with respect to certain tax matters (included in Exhibit 5.1).*****
  23.1 Consent of Sidley Austin LLP (included as part of Exhibit 5.1). *****
  24.1 Powers of Attorney (included on the signature page to this registration statement).
  36.1 Depositor Certification for shelf offerings of asset-backed securities.******
  102.1 Asset Data File.*******
  103.1 Asset Related Documents.*******

  

 

*Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on Form SF-3 (File No. 333-206582) filed with the Commission on August 26, 2015.

**

Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on Form SF-3 (File No. 333-227446) filed with the Commission on October 17, 2018.

***This document will be filed for each transaction that contains a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan as an exhibit on Form 8-K no later than the date on which the related prospectus is required to be filed with the Commission.

****This document will be filed for each transaction that contains a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan, an AB Mortgage Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, respectively, as an exhibit on Form 8-K no later than the date on which the related prospectus is required to be filed with the Commission.

*****To be filed by amendment.
******A form of Depositor Certificate is attached hereto. An executed certification for each transaction will be filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K no later than the date on which the related prospectus is required to be filed with the Commission.

*******Incorporated by reference from the Form ABS-EE.

 

Item 15.Undertakings.

 

(A)       Undertaking pursuant to Rule 415.

 

The Registrant hereby undertakes:

 

 

 

 

(1)        To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

(i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

 

(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement;

 

(iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change of such information in the registration statement;

 

provided, however, that paragraphs (A)(1)(i), (A)(1)(ii) and (A)(1)(iii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in this registration statement or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of this registration statement;

 

provided, further, however, that paragraphs (A)(1)(i) and (A)(1) (ii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment is provided pursuant to Item 1100(c) of Regulation AB (17 CFR 229.1100(c)).

 

(2)        That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(3)        To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

(4)        That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

 

(i)Each prospectus filed by the undersigned Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) and (h) shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in this registration statement; and

 

(ii)Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of this registration statement in reliance on Rule 430D relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(vii) or (a)(1)(xii) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in this registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430D, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of this registration statement relating to the securities in this registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in this registration statement

 

 

 

 

or prospectus that is part of this registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into this registration statement or prospectus that is part of this registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in this registration statement or prospectus that was part of this registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

 

(5)        That, for the purpose of determining liability of the undersigned Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities:

 

The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

(i)         Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

(ii)        Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;

 

(iii)        The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

 

(iv)       Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.

 

(6)       With respect to any offering of securities registered on this registration statement, the undersigned Registrant undertakes to file the information previously omitted from the prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in accordance with Rule 424(h) and Rule 430D.

 

(B)Undertaking in connection with filings incorporating subsequent Exchange Act documents by reference.

 

The Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(C)Undertaking in respect of indemnification.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described in Item 13 above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted against the Registrant by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

 

 

 

(D)Undertaking pursuant to Rule 430A.

 

The Registrant hereby undertakes that:

 

(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(E)Undertaking in connection filings regarding asset-based securities incorporating by reference subsequent Exchange Act documents by third parties.

 

The Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 of a third party that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement in accordance with Item 1100(c)(1) of Regulation AB (17 CFR 229.1100(c)(1)) shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form SF-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York on September 23, 2021.

 

 

MORGAN STANLEY CAPITAL I INC.

    
  By:   /s/ Jane Lam
 Name:Jane Lam
   Title:President

  

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Jane Lam, James E. Flaum, Steven S. Stern and Robert Vesey his true and lawful attorney in fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign this registration statement and any or all other documents and amendments (including post-effective amendments) in connection herewith, and to file the same, with all exhibits hereto, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as might or could be done in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature   Capacity   Date
         
/s/ Jane Lam

 

Director and President (Principal

 
Jane Lam    Executive Officer)    September 23, 2021
         
 /s/ James E. Flaum        

James E. Flaum 

 

Director 

  September 23, 2021
         
 /s/ Steven S. Stern         

Steven S. Stern 

 

Director 

  September 23, 2021
         
 /s/ Robert Vesey    Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer    

Robert Vesey 

 

and Principal Accounting Officer) 

  September 23, 2021

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number

 

1.1       Form of underwriting agreement.*

 

3.1       Articles of incorporation.*

 

3.2       Bylaws.*

 

4.1Form of pooling and servicing agreement.**

 

4.2Form of non-serviced pooling and servicing agreement (see Exhibit 4.1).***

 

4.3Pari Passu Serviced Intercreditor Agreement.****

 

4.4AB Intercreditor Agreement.****

 

4.5Non-Serviced Intercreditor Agreement.****

 

4.6Form of mortgage loan purchase agreement.*

 

5.1Opinion of Sidley Austin LLP as to the legality of the Certificates.*****

 

8.1Opinion of Sidley Austin LLP with respect to certain tax matters (included in Exhibit 5.1).*****

 

23.1Consent of Sidley Austin LLP (included as part of Exhibit 5.1).*****

 

24.1Powers of Attorney (included on the signature page to this registration statement).

 

36.1Depositor Certification for shelf offerings of asset-backed securities.******

 

102.1Asset Data File.*******

 

103.1Asset Related Documents.*******

 

___________________
*Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on Form SF-3 (File No. 333-206582) filed with the Commission on August 26, 2015.

**Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on Form SF-3 (File No. 333-227446) filed with the Commission on October 17, 2018.

***This document will be filed for each transaction that contains a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan as an exhibit on Form 8-K no later than the date on which the related prospectus is required to be filed with the Commission.

****This document will be filed for each transaction that contains a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan, an AB Mortgage Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, respectively, as an exhibit on Form 8-K no later than the date on which the related prospectus is required to be filed with the Commission.

*****To be filed by amendment.

******A form of Depositor Certificate is attached hereto. An executed certification for each transaction will be filed as an exhibit on Form 8-K no later than the date on which the related prospectus is required to be filed with the Commission.

*******Incorporated by reference from the Form ABS-EE.