10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016

o Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File No. 0-50167

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Incorporated under the Laws of Ohio		03-0483872
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3700 Colonnade Parkway, Suite 600, Birmingham, Alabama 35243

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(205) 870-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	x	Accelerated filer	¨
Non-accelerated filer	o (Do not check if smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of April 29, 2016, there were 11,056,531 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

Table of Contents

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

TABLE OF CONTENTS




		Page
	PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1	Financial Statements

	Consolidated Statements of Earnings	3

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	4

	Consolidated Balance Sheets	5

	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity	6

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7

	Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	8

Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22

Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33

Item 4	Controls and Procedures	33

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1	Legal Proceedings	34

Item 1A	Risk Factors	34

Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	34

Item 6	Exhibits	34

	Signature	35

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1

Financial Statements

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015			% Change
Revenues:
Earned premium	$	336,184		$	332,106		1.2	%
Installment and other fee income	25,518			24,561			3.9	%
Net investment income	8,063			8,736			(7.7	)%
Net realized gains on investments ⁽¹⁾	139			1,169			(88.1	)%
Other income	258			400			(35.6	)%
Total revenues	370,162			366,973			0.9	%
Costs and Expenses:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses	265,284			255,643			3.8	%
Commissions and other underwriting expenses	88,607			88,828			(0.2	)%
Interest expense	3,509			3,507			0.0	%
Corporate general and administrative expenses	1,704			1,855			(8.1	)%
Other expenses	282			903			(68.7	)%
Total costs and expenses	359,386			350,737			2.5	%
Earnings before income taxes	10,776			16,236			(33.6	)%
Provision for income taxes	3,068			5,082			(39.6	)%
Net Earnings	$	7,708		$	11,154		(30.9	)%
Net Earnings per Common Share:
Basic	$	0.70		$	0.98		(28.6	)%
Diluted	0.69			0.97			(28.9	)%
Average Number of Common Shares:
Basic	11,036			11,427			(3.4	)%
Diluted	11,134			11,551			(3.6	)%
Cash Dividends per Common Share	$	0.52		$	0.43		20.9	%
⁽¹⁾Net realized gains on sales	$	257		$	1,551		(83.4	)%
Total other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses	(118		)	(381		)	(69.2	)%
Total net realized gains on investments	$	139		$	1,169		(88.1	)%

See Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

($ in thousands)

(unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Net earnings	$	7,708		$	11,154
Other comprehensive income before tax:
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	(11		)	16
Unrealized gains on investments:
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period	15,459			8,416
Less: Reclassification adjustments for gains included in net earnings	(139		)	(1,169		)
Unrealized gains on investments, net	15,320			7,247
Other comprehensive income, before tax	15,309			7,263
Income tax expense related to components of other comprehensive income	(5,358		)	(2,542		)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	9,951			4,721
Comprehensive income	$	17,659		$	15,875

See Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share amounts in line descriptions)



	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
	(unaudited)
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturities – at fair value (amortized cost $1,392,299 and $1,381,510)	$	1,407,446		$	1,381,467
Equity securities – at fair value (cost $78,810 and $78,815)	90,055			89,935
Short-term investments - at fair value (amortized cost $0 and $4,656)	0			4,651
Total investments	1,497,501			1,476,053
Cash and cash equivalents	43,623			62,483
Accrued investment income	11,421			12,245
Agents’ balances and premium receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $14,201 and $15,385	542,603			511,543
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $75,619 and $72,892	91,567			89,707
Prepaid reinsurance premium	5,708			5,385
Recoverables from reinsurers (includes $739 and $362 on paid losses and LAE)	18,463			15,056
Deferred policy acquisition costs	97,213			93,157
Current and deferred income taxes	25,500			33,926
Receivable for securities sold	2,142			0
Other assets	16,500			10,306
Goodwill	75,275			75,275
Total assets	$	2,427,516		$	2,385,135
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses	$	673,475		$	669,965
Unearned premium	652,499			616,649
Long-term debt (fair value $288,613 and $281,581)	273,434			273,383
Commissions payable	15,524			17,406
Payable for securities purchased	10,479			7,264
Other liabilities	110,609			112,873
Total liabilities	1,736,020			1,697,540
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 9)
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock, no par value (50,000,000 shares authorized; 21,775,372 and 21,774,520 shares issued)	21,799			21,794
Additional paid-in capital	376,400			376,025
Retained earnings	759,567			757,604
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax	17,762			7,811
Treasury stock, at cost (10,729,904 and 10,623,138 shares)	(484,032		)	(475,638		)
Total shareholders’ equity	691,496			687,595
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	2,427,516		$	2,385,135

See Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

($ in thousands)

(unaudited)



	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax			Treasury Stock			Total
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	21,745	$	372,368	$	725,651		$	23,494		$	(445,599	)	$	697,659
Net earnings	—		—		11,154			—			—			11,154
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	—		—		—			11			—			11
Change in unrealized gain on investments	—		—		—			4,497			—			4,497
Change in non-credit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities	—		—		—			213			—			213
Comprehensive income														15,875
Dividends paid to common shareholders	—		—		(4,932		)	—			—			(4,932		)
Shares issued and share-based compensation expense, including tax benefit	11		714		—			—			—			725
Acquisition of treasury stock	—		—		—			—			(1,999		)	(1,999		)
Balance at March 31, 2015	$	21,756	$	373,082	$	731,873		$	28,216		$	(447,598	)	$	707,328
Net earnings	—		—		40,327			—			—			40,327
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	—		—		—			490			—			490
Change in unrealized gain on investments	—		—		—			(21,292		)	—			(21,292		)
Change in non-credit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities	—		—		—			397			—			397
Comprehensive income														19,922
Dividends paid to common shareholders	—		—		(14,596		)	—			—			(14,596		)
Shares issued and share-based compensation expense, including tax benefit	38		2,944		—			—			—			2,982
Acquisition of treasury stock	—		—		—			—			(28,041		)	(28,041		)
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	21,794	$	376,025	$	757,604		$	7,811		$	(475,638	)	$	687,595
Net earnings	—		—		7,708			—			—			7,708
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	—		—		—			(7		)	—			(7		)
Change in unrealized gain on investments	—		—		—			9,906			—			9,906
Change in non-credit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities	—		—		—			52			—			52
Comprehensive income														17,659
Dividends paid to common shareholders	—		—		(5,744		)	—			—			(5,744		)
Shares issued and share-based compensation expense, including tax benefit	5		375		—			—			—			380
Acquisition of treasury stock	—		—		—			—			(8,394		)	(8,394		)
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	21,799	$	376,400	$	759,567		$	17,762		$	(484,032	)	$	691,496

See Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

($ in thousands)

(unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Operating Activities:
Net earnings	$	7,708		$	11,154
Adjustments:
Depreciation	3,083			2,982
Amortization	5,801			5,936
Net realized gains on investments	(139		)	(1,169		)
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	3			115
Share-based compensation expense	323			659
Activity related to rabbi trust	18			27
Change in accrued investment income	823			946
Change in agents’ balances and premium receivable	(31,061		)	(46,331		)
Change in reinsurance receivables	(3,730		)	(761		)
Change in deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,056		)	(7,736		)
Change in other assets	(3,130		)	1,684
Change in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses	3,511			7,578
Change in unearned premium	35,850			55,173
Change in other liabilities	(4,039		)	(2,790		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	10,965			27,467
Investing Activities:
Purchases of fixed maturities	(157,887		)	(150,155		)
Purchases of equity securities	0			(2,000		)
Purchases of short-term investments	0			(1,032		)
Purchases of property and equipment	(4,945		)	(2,140		)
Maturities and redemptions of fixed maturities	39,298			46,727
Proceeds from sale of fixed maturities	103,935			95,432
Proceeds from sale of equity securities	0			4,489
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	4,602			0
Net cash used in investing activities	(14,996		)	(8,678		)
Financing Activities:
Proceeds from stock options exercised and employee stock purchases	57			66
Principal payments under capital lease obligations	(120		)	(118		)
Acquisition of treasury stock	(9,021		)	(1,912		)
Dividends paid to shareholders	(5,744		)	(4,932		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(14,829		)	(6,896		)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(18,860		)	11,893
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	62,483			84,541
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	43,623		$	96,434

See Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 2016

INDEX TO NOTES



1.	Significant Reporting and Accounting Policies	6.	Income Taxes

2.	Computation of Net Earnings Per Share	7.	Additional Information

3.	Fair Value	8.	Insurance Reserves

4.	Investments	9.	Commitments and Contingencies

5.	Long-Term Debt	10.	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Note 1 Significant Reporting and Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations

We are a holding company that provides insurance through our subsidiaries for personal automobiles with a concentration on nonstandard risks, commercial vehicles and classic collectors. Although licensed to write insurance in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, we focus on select states that we believe offer the greatest opportunity for premium growth and profitability.

Basis of Consolidation and Reporting

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2015. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, focuses on our financial performance since the beginning of the year.

These financial statements reflect certain adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of our results of operations and financial position. Such adjustments consist of normal, recurring accruals recorded to accurately match expenses with their related revenue streams and the elimination of all significant intercompany transactions and balances.

We have evaluated events that occurred after March 31, 2016, for recognition or disclosure in our financial statements and the notes to the financial statements.

Schedules may not foot due to rounding.

Estimates

We based certain accounts and balances within these financial statements upon our estimates and assumptions. The amount of reserves for claims not yet paid, for example, is an item that we can only record by estimation. Unrealized capital gains and losses on investments are subject to market fluctuations, and we use judgment in the determination of whether unrealized losses on certain securities are temporary or other-than-temporary. Should actual results differ significantly from these estimates, the effect on our results of operations could be material. The results of operations for the periods presented may not be indicative of our results for the entire year.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In April 2015 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an Accounting Standards Update (ASU) related to the presentation of debt issuance costs. The guidance requires debt issuance costs to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability. We adopted this standard retrospectively as of January 1, 2016.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table illustrates the effect of adopting this standard on the Consolidated Balance Sheets ($ in millions):



	December 31, 2015
	As Reported		As Adjusted		Difference
Other assets	$	11.9	$	10.3	$	(1.6	)
Total assets	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)
Long-term debt	275.0		273.4		(1.6		)
Total liabilities	1,699.2		1,697.5		(1.6		)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2016 the FASB issued an ASU related to the accounting for employee share-based payments. The guidance addresses the recognition, presentation and classification of awards, forfeitures and shares withheld for tax purposes. The standard is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with each provision having a different application method. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In February 2016 the FASB issued an ASU related to the accounting for leases. The guidance requires lessees to recognize lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and is to be applied retrospectively, with an option to use a modified retrospective approach for leases which commenced prior to the effective date of this ASU. We are still evaluating the impact this ASU will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016 the FASB issued an ASU amending the guidance on classifying and measuring financial instruments. The guidance requires equity securities to be measured at fair value and changes in that fair value to be recognized through net income. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. We currently record equity securities at fair value and as of March 31, 2016, we have $7.3 million net unrealized gains, net of tax, recognized as a component of other comprehensive income.

In May 2015 the FASB issued an ASU related to the disclosure for short-duration contracts. The guidance requires additional disclosures related to the liability for unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses in an effort to increase transparency and comparability. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and is to be applied retrospectively. The new guidance will have no material impact on our results of operations or financial position.

In May 2014 the FASB issued an ASU related to the accounting for revenue from contracts with customers. Insurance contracts have been excluded from the scope of the guidance. In August 2015 the FASB issued an ASU to defer the effective date from fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Note 2 Computation of Net Earnings per Share

The following table illustrates our computations of basic and diluted net earnings per common share ($ in thousands, except per

share figures):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016		2015
Net earnings	$	7,708	$	11,154
Average basic shares outstanding	11,036		11,427
Basic net earnings per share	$	0.70	$	0.98

Average basic shares outstanding	11,036		11,427
Restricted stock not vested	21		11
Dilutive effect of Performance Share Plan	77		113
Average diluted shares outstanding	11,134		11,551
Diluted net earnings per share	$	0.69	$	0.97

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 Fair Value

Fair values of instruments are based on:


(i)	quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1);


(ii)	quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets (Level 2); or


(iii)	valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in the marketplace (Level 3).

The following tables present, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, our assets and liabilities for which we report fair value on a recurring basis ($ in thousands):



	Fair Value
March 31, 2016	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,623		$	0		$	0		$	43,623
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government	64,836			14			0			64,850
State and municipal	0			486,212			0			486,212
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	0			340,971			0			340,971
Commercial	0			65,532			0			65,532
Total mortgage-backed securities	0			406,503			0			406,503
Asset-backed securities	0			49,183			1,338			50,522
Corporates	0			397,917			1,442			399,359
Total fixed maturities	64,836			1,339,830			2,781			1,407,446
Equity securities	90,055			0			0			90,055
Short-term investments	0			0			0			0
Total cash and investments	$	198,513		$	1,339,830		$	2,781		$	1,541,124
Percentage of total cash and investments	12.9		%	86.9		%	0.2		%	100.0		%

	Fair Value
December 31, 2015	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	62,483		$	0		$	0		$	62,483
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government	64,638			32			0			64,669
State and municipal	0			479,656			10			479,666
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	0			334,784			0			334,784
Commercial	0			70,224			0			70,224
Total mortgage-backed securities	0			405,008			0			405,008
Asset-backed securities	0			54,018			0			54,018
Corporates	0			376,582			1,524			378,105
Total fixed maturities	64,638			1,315,295			1,534			1,381,467
Equity securities	89,935			0			0			89,935
Short-term investments	0			4,651			0			4,651
Total cash and investments	$	217,056		$	1,319,946		$	1,534		$	1,538,536
Percentage of total cash and investments	14.1		%	85.8		%	0.1		%	100.0		%

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

We do not report our long-term debt at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The $288.6 million and $281.6 million fair value of our long-term debt at March 31, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, would be included in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy if it were reported at fair value.

Level 1 includes cash and cash equivalents, U.S. Treasury securities, an exchange-traded fund and equities held in a rabbi trust which funds our Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan (SERP). Level 2 includes securities whose fair value was determined using observable market inputs. Level 3 securities are comprised of (i) securities for which there is no active or inactive market for similar instruments; (ii) securities whose fair value is determined based on unobservable inputs; and (iii) securities, other than those backed by the U.S. Government, that are not rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO). We recognize transfers between levels at the beginning of the reporting period.

A third party nationally recognized pricing service provides the fair value of securities in Level 2. A summary of the significant valuation techniques and market inputs for each class of security follows:

U.S. Government: In determining the fair value for U.S. Government securities we use the market approach. The primary inputs to the valuation include reported trades, dealer quotes for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, benchmark yields, credit spreads, reference data and industry and economic events.

State and municipal: In determining the fair value for state and municipal securities we use the market approach. The primary inputs to the valuation include reported trades, dealer quotes for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, benchmark yields, credit spreads, reference data and industry and economic events.

Mortgage-backed securities: In determining the fair value for mortgage-backed securities we use the market approach and to a lesser extent the income approach. The primary inputs to the valuation include reported trades, dealer quotes for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, benchmark yields, credit spreads, reference data, industry and economic events and monthly payment information.

Asset-backed securities: In determining the fair value for asset-backed securities we use the market approach and to a lesser extent the income approach. The primary inputs to the valuation include reported trades, dealer quotes for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, benchmark yields, credit spreads, reference data, industry and economic events, monthly payment information and collateral performance.

Corporate: In determining the fair value for corporate securities we use the market approach. The primary inputs to the valuation include reported trades, dealer quotes for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, benchmark yields, credit spreads (for investment grade securities), observations of equity and credit default swap curves (for high-yield corporates), reference data and industry and economic events.

We review the third party pricing methodologies quarterly and test for significant differences between the market price used to value the security and recent sales activity.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following tables present the progression in the Level 3 fair value category ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31, 2016
	State and Municipal			Corporates			Asset-Backed Securities			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	10		$	1,524		$	0		$	1,534
Total gains or (losses), unrealized or realized
Included in net earnings	(0		)	3			0			3
Included in other comprehensive income	(0		)	1			1			1
Settlements	(10		)	(86		)	0			(96		)
Transfers in	0			0			1,338			1,338
Balance at end of period	$	0		$	1,442		$	1,338		$	2,781

	Three months ended March 31, 2015
	State and Municipal			Corporates			Asset-Backed Securities			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	0		$	3,134		$	150		$	3,285
Total losses, unrealized or realized
Included in net earnings	(0		)	(95		)	0			(95		)
Included in other comprehensive income	0			(14		)	0			(14		)
Settlements	0			(80		)	(105		)	(184		)
Transfers in	10			0			0			10
Balance at end of period	$	10		$	2,946		$	46		$	3,002

Of the $2.8 million fair value of securities in Level 3 at March 31, 2016, which consisted of four securities, we priced three based on non-binding broker quotes and one price was provided by our unaffiliated money manager.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, one security was transferred from Level 2 into Level 3 because a price could not be determined using observable market inputs. There were no transfers of securities between Levels 1 and 2.

The gains or losses included in net earnings are included in the line item "Net realized gains on investments" in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. We recognize the net gains or losses included in other comprehensive income in the line item "Unrealized gains on investments, net" in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and the line item "Change in unrealized gain on investments" or the line item "Change in non-credit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities" in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity.

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments ($ in thousands):



	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,623	$	43,623	$	62,483	$	62,483
Available-for-sale securities:
Fixed maturities	1,407,446		1,407,446		1,381,467		1,381,467
Equity securities	90,055		90,055		89,935		89,935
Short-term investments	0		0		4,651		4,651
Total cash and investments	$	1,541,124	$	1,541,124	$	1,538,536	$	1,538,536
Liabilities:
Long-term debt	$	273,434	$	288,613	$	273,383	$	281,581

Refer to Note 4 – Investments to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on investments and Note 5 – Long-Term Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on long-term debt.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 4 Investments

We consider all fixed maturity and equity securities to be available-for-sale and report them at fair value with the net unrealized gains or losses reported after-tax (net of any valuation allowance) as a component of other comprehensive income. The proceeds from sales of securities for the three months ended March 31, 2016, and March 31, 2015, were $108.5 million and $99.9 million, respectively. The proceeds for the three months ended March 31, 2016, were net of $2.1 million of receivable for unsettled sales as of March 31, 2016. The proceeds for the three months ended March 31, 2015, were net of $3.6 million of receivable for securities sold during the first quarter of 2015 that had not settled at March 31, 2015.

Gross gains of $1.3 million and gross losses of $1.0 million were realized on sales of available-for-sale securities during the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with gross gains of $2.1 million and gross losses of $0.6 million realized on sales during the three months ended March 31, 2015. Gains or losses on securities are determined on a specific identification basis.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Summarized information for the major categories of our investment portfolio follows ($ in thousands):



	March 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI⁽¹⁾
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	$	64,232	$	624	$	(6	)	$	64,850	$	0
State and municipal	477,530		8,908		(226		)	486,212		(51		)
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	334,746		6,652		(427		)	340,971		(2,303		)
Commercial	65,947		163		(578		)	65,532		0
Total mortgage-backed securities	400,693		$	6,815	(1,005		)	$	406,503	(2,303		)
Asset-backed securities	50,475		114		(67		)	50,522		(8		)
Corporates	399,369		4,258		(4,267		)	399,359		(51		)
Total fixed maturities	1,392,299		20,718		(5,570		)	1,407,446		(2,414		)
Equity securities	78,810		11,245		0			90,055		0
Short-term investments	0		0		0			0		0
Total	$	1,471,109	$	31,962	$	(5,570	)	$	1,497,501	$	(2,414	)

	December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI⁽¹⁾
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	$	64,849	$	103	$	(282	)	$	64,669	$	0
State and municipal	472,402		7,393		(129		)	479,666		(51		)
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	333,554		3,678		(2,448		)	334,784		(2,374		)
Commercial	71,137		16		(929		)	70,224		0
Total mortgage-backed securities	404,691		3,694		(3,377		)	405,008		(2,374		)
Asset-backed securities	54,106		50		(138		)	54,018		(8		)
Corporates	385,462		1,281		(8,638		)	378,105		(61		)
Total fixed maturities	1,381,510		12,521		(12,564		)	1,381,467		(2,495		)
Equity securities	78,815		11,120		0			89,935		0
Short-term investments	4,656		0		(4		)	4,651		0
Total	$	1,464,981	$	23,640	$	(12,568	)	$	1,476,053	$	(2,495	)

(1) The total non-credit portion of OTTI recognized in Accumulated OCI reflecting the original non-credit loss at the time the credit impairment was determined.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following tables set forth the amount of unrealized loss by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position ($ in thousands):



	Less than 12 Months								12 Months or More
March 31, 2016	Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost		Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	1	$	3,894	$	(3	)	0.1	%	3	$	3,406	$	(3	)	0.1	%
State and municipal	22	47,615		(226		)	0.5	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	35	13,838		(50		)	0.4	%	74	42,056		(377		)	0.9	%
Commercial	6	17,216		(126		)	0.7	%	11	39,953		(452		)	1.1	%
Total mortgage-backed securities	41	31,053		(177		)	0.6	%	85	82,009		(828		)	1.0	%
Asset-backed securities	19	18,395		(61		)	0.3	%	3	2,008		(6		)	0.3	%
Corporates	66	84,680		(2,895		)	3.3	%	25	32,720		(1,372		)	4.0	%
Total fixed maturities	149	185,638		(3,361		)	1.8	%	116	120,144		(2,210		)	1.8	%
Equity securities	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Short-term investments	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Total	149	$	185,638	$	(3,361	)	1.8	%	116	$	120,144	$	(2,210	)	1.8	%



	Less than 12 Months								12 Months or More
December 31, 2015	Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost		Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	18	$	36,024	$	(241	)	0.7	%	4	$	4,687	$	(41	)	0.9	%
State and municipal	27	54,680		(129		)	0.2	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	205	133,814		(1,436		)	1.1	%	64	39,001		(1,012		)	2.5	%
Commercial	9	28,733		(349		)	1.2	%	10	34,169		(580		)	1.7	%
Total mortgage-backed securities	214	162,547		(1,785		)	1.1	%	74	73,170		(1,592		)	2.1	%
Asset-backed securities	36	35,313		(132		)	0.4	%	2	1,153		(7		)	0.6	%
Corporates	172	239,440		(7,149		)	2.9	%	12	14,373		(1,488		)	9.4	%
Total fixed maturities	467	528,003		(9,436		)	1.8	%	92	93,384		(3,128		)	3.2	%
Equity securities	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Short-term investments	2	4,651		(4		)	0.1	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Total	469	$	532,654	$	(9,440	)	1.7	%	92	$	93,384	$	(3,128	)	3.2	%

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The determination of whether unrealized losses are “other-than-temporary” requires judgment based on subjective as well as objective factors. Factors we considered and resources we used in our determination include:


•	whether the unrealized loss is credit-driven or a result of changes in market interest rates;


•	the length of time the security’s market value has been below its cost;


•	the extent to which fair value is less than cost basis;


•	the intent to sell the security;


•	whether it is more likely than not that there will be a requirement to sell the security before its anticipated recovery;


•	historical operating, balance sheet and cash flow data contained in issuer SEC filings;


•	issuer news releases;


•	near-term prospects for improvement in the issuer and/or its industry;


•	industry research and communications with industry specialists; and


•	third-party research and credit rating reports.

We regularly evaluate for potential impairment each security position that has either of the following: a fair value of less than 95% of its book value or an unrealized loss that equals or exceeds $100,000.

The following table summarizes those securities, excluding the rabbi trust, with unrealized gains or losses:



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Number of positions held with unrealized:
Gains	918		602
Losses	265		561
Number of positions held that individually exceed unrealized:
Gains of $500,000	2		2
Losses of $500,000	0		0
Percentage of positions held with unrealized:
Gains that were investment grade	94	%	94	%
Losses that were investment grade	83	%	89	%
Percentage of fair value held with unrealized:
Gains that were investment grade	94	%	95	%
Losses that were investment grade	84	%	88	%

The following table sets forth the amount of unrealized losses, excluding the rabbi trust, by age and severity at March 31, 2016, ($ in thousands):



	Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses		Total Gross Unrealized Losses			Less Than 5%*			5% - 10%*			Total Gross Greater Than 10%*
Age of Unrealized Losses
Three months or less	$	71,462	$	(341	)	$	(341	)	$	0		$	0
Four months through six months	41,617		(572		)	(319		)	(253		)	0
Seven months through nine months	27,755		(1,578		)	(272		)	(216		)	(1,090		)
Ten months through twelve months	55,845		(1,066		)	(522		)	(331		)	(213		)
Greater than twelve months	109,102		(2,014		)	(1,049		)	(336		)	(629		)
Total	$	305,782	$	(5,570	)	$	(2,502	)	$	(1,136	)	$	(1,932	)

* As a percentage of amortized cost or cost.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities included the following ($ in thousands):



	Pre-tax
	Fixed Maturities			Equity Securities			Short-Term Investments			Tax Effects			Net
Three months ended March 31, 2016
Unrealized holding gains on securities arising during the period	$	15,332		$	125		$	2		$	(5,411	)	$	10,048
Realized (gains) losses on securities sold	(259		)	0			2			90			(167		)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	118			0			0			(41		)	76
Change in unrealized gains on securities, net	$	15,190		$	125		$	4		$	(5,362	)	$	9,958
Three months ended March 31, 2015
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period	$	6,036		$	2,380		$	(0	)	$	(2,946	)	$	5,470
Realized gains on securities sold	(452		)	(1,098		)	0			543			(1,008		)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	381			0			0			(134		)	248
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net	$	5,966		$	1,282		$	(0	)	$	(2,536	)	$	4,711

For fixed maturity securities that are other-than-temporarily impaired, we assess our intent to sell and the likelihood that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of our amortized cost. If a fixed maturity security is considered other-than-temporarily impaired but we do not intend to and are not more than likely to be required to sell the security before our recovery of amortized cost, we separate the amount of the impairment into a credit loss component and the amount due to all other factors ("non-credit component"). The excess of the amortized cost over the present value of the expected cash flows determines the credit loss component of an impairment charge on a fixed maturity security. The present value is determined using the best estimate of cash flows discounted at (i) the effective interest rate implicit at the date of acquisition for non-structured securities; or (ii) the book yield for structured securities. The techniques and assumptions for determining the best estimate of cash flows vary depending on the type of security. We recognize the credit loss component of an impairment charge in net earnings and the non-credit component in accumulated other comprehensive income. If we intend to sell or will, more likely than not, be required to sell a security, we treat the entire amount of the impairment as a credit loss.

For our securities held with unrealized losses, we believe, based on our analysis, that we will recover our cost basis in these securities and we do not intend to sell the securities nor is it more likely than not that there will be a requirement to sell the securities before they recover in value.

The following table is a progression of credit losses on fixed maturity securities that were bifurcated between a credit and non-credit component ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	683		$	852
Securities sold and paid down	(26		)	(52		)
Ending balance	$	658		$	799

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The table below sets forth the scheduled maturities of fixed maturity securities at March 31, 2016, based on their fair values ($ in thousands). We report securities that do not have a single maturity date at average maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain securities may be called or prepaid by the issuers.



	Fair Value								Amortized Cost
	Securities with Unrealized Gains		Securities with Unrealized Losses		Securities with No Unrealized Gains or Losses		All Fixed Maturity Securities		All Fixed Maturity Securities
Maturity
One year or less	$	66,163	$	536	$	4,000	$	70,699	$	70,101
After one year through five years	485,671		107,271		0		592,942		587,296
After five years through ten years	216,409		64,508		1,504		282,421		279,469
After ten years	4,359		0		0		4,359		4,265
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities	323,559		133,466		0		457,025		451,168
Total	$	1,096,160	$	305,782	$	5,504	$	1,407,446	$	1,392,299

Note 5 Long-Term Debt



($ in thousands)	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Principal	$	275,000	$	275,000
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	1,566		1,617
Long-term debt less unamortized debt issuance costs	$	273,434	$	273,383

In September 2012 we issued $275 million principal of senior notes due September 2022 (the “5.0% Senior Notes”). The 5.0% Senior Notes accrue interest at 5.0%, payable semiannually. At the time we issued the 5.0% Senior Notes, we capitalized $2.2 million of debt issuance costs, which we are amortizing over the term of the 5.0% Senior Notes. We calculated the March 31, 2016, fair value of $288.6 million using a 235 basis point spread to the 10-year U.S. Treasury Note of 1.77%.

In August 2014 we renewed our agreement for a $50 million three-year revolving credit facility (the “Credit Agreement”) that requires us to meet certain financial and other covenants. We are currently in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement, and as of March 31, 2016, there were no borrowings outstanding against it.

Note 6 Income Taxes

The following is a reconciliation of income taxes at the statutory rate of 35.0% to the effective provision for income taxes as shown in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Earnings before income taxes	$	10,776		$	16,236
Income taxes at statutory rate	3,772			5,683
Effect of:
Dividends-received deduction	(72		)	(104		)
Tax-exempt interest	(639		)	(724		)
Other	8			228
Provision for income taxes as shown on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings	$	3,068		$	5,082
GAAP effective tax rate	28.5		%	31.3		%

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 7 Additional Information

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

We made the following payments that we do not separately disclose in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016		2015
Income tax payments	$	0	$	750
Interest payments on debt	6,875		6,875
Interest payments on capital leases	20		22

Negative Cash Book Balances

Negative cash book balances, included in the line item “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, were $47.0 million and $41.4 million at March 31, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Note 8 Insurance Reserves

Insurance reserves include liabilities for unpaid losses, both known and estimated for incurred but not reported (IBNR), and unpaid loss adjustment expenses (LAE). The following table provides an analysis of changes in the liability for unpaid losses and LAE on a GAAP basis ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Balance at Beginning of Period
Unpaid losses on known claims	$	237,660		$	235,037
IBNR losses	290,097			277,482
LAE	142,207			155,658
Total unpaid losses and LAE	669,965			668,177
Reinsurance recoverables	(14,694		)	(14,370		)
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables	655,271			653,808
Current Activity
Loss and LAE incurred:
Current accident year	271,167			257,785
Prior accident years	(5,883		)	(2,142		)
Total loss and LAE incurred	265,284			255,643
Loss and LAE payments:
Current accident year	(89,444		)	(81,907		)
Prior accident years	(175,360		)	(165,770		)
Total loss and LAE payments	(264,804		)	(247,677		)
Balance at End of Period
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables	655,751			661,773
Add back reinsurance recoverables	17,724			13,982
Total unpaid losses and LAE	673,475			675,755
Unpaid losses on known claims	236,701			241,483
IBNR losses	295,281			278,863
LAE	141,493			155,409
Total unpaid losses and LAE	$	673,475		$	675,755

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

in severity estimates in Florida personal injury protection, all related to accident years 2014 and prior. This was partially offset by unfavorable development from accident year 2015 in California material damage coverages, driven by an increase in severity.

The $2.1 million of favorable reserve development during the three months ended March 31, 2015, was primarily due to decreases in loss adjustment expense in Florida bodily injury coverages and in California property damage and bodily injury coverages related to accident year 2013.

Note 9 Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

There have been no material changes from the commitments discussed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. For a description of our previously reported commitments, refer to Note 14 Commitments and Contingencies of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Contingencies

From time to time we and our subsidiaries are named as defendants in various lawsuits incidental to our insurance operations. We consider legal actions relating to claims made in the ordinary course of seeking indemnification for a loss covered by the insurance policy in establishing loss and LAE reserves.

We also face, in the ordinary course of business, lawsuits that seek damages beyond policy limits, commonly known as extra-contractual claims, as well as class action and individual lawsuits that involve issues not unlike those facing other insurance companies and employers. We continually evaluate potential liabilities and reserves for litigation of these types using the criteria established by the Contingencies topic of the FASC. Under this guidance we may only record reserves for a loss if the likelihood of occurrence is probable and we can reasonably estimate the amount. If a material loss is judged to be reasonably possible, we will disclose an estimated range of loss or state that an estimate cannot be made. We consider each legal action using this guidance and record reserves for losses as warranted by establishing a reserve captured within our Consolidated Balance Sheets line-items “Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses” for extra-contractual claims and “Other liabilities” for class action and other non-claims related lawsuits. We record amounts incurred on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings within “Losses and loss adjustment expenses” for extra-contractual claims and “Other expenses” for class action and other non-claims related lawsuits.

Certain claims and legal actions have been brought against us for which we have accrued no loss, and for which an estimate of a possible range of loss cannot be made under the above rules. While it is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of these claims or lawsuits, we do not believe they are likely to have a material effect on our financial condition or liquidity. However, losses incurred because of these cases could have a material adverse impact on net earnings in a given period.

For a description of previously reported contingencies, refer to Note 14 Commitments and Contingencies of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 10 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The components of other comprehensive income before and after tax are as follows ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016									2015
	Before Tax			Income Tax			Net			Before Tax			Income Tax			Net
Accumulated change in post-retirement benefit liability, beginning of period	$	944		$	(331	)	$	614		$	174		$	(61	)	$	113
Effect on other comprehensive income	(11		)	4			(7		)	16			(6		)	11
Accumulated change in post-retirement benefit liability, end of period	934			(327		)	607			190			(66		)	123

Accumulated unrealized gains on investments, net, beginning of period	11,072			(3,875		)	7,197			35,972			(12,590		)	23,382
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	15,459			(5,411		)	10,048			8,416			(2,946		)	5,470
Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairments included in net income	118			(41		)	76			381			(134		)	248
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains included in net income	(257		)	90			(167		)	(1,551		)	543			(1,008		)
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,320			(5,362		)	9,958			7,247			(2,536		)	4,711
Accumulated unrealized gains on investments, net, end of period	26,392			(9,237		)	17,155			43,218			(15,126		)	28,092

Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	12,016			(4,206		)	7,811			36,145			(12,651		)	23,494
Change in post-retirement benefit liability	(11		)	4			(7		)	16			(6		)	11
Change in unrealized gains on investments, net	15,320			(5,362		)	9,958			7,247			(2,536		)	4,711
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,309			(5,358		)	9,951			7,263			(2,542		)	4,721
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	$	27,326		$	(9,564	)	$	17,762		$	43,408		$	(15,193	)	$	28,216

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

ITEM 2

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” which anticipate results based on our estimates, assumptions and plans that are subject to uncertainty. We make these statements subject to the safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements in this report not dealing with historical results or current facts are forward-looking and we base them on estimates, assumptions and projections. Statements which include the words “assumes,” “believes,” “seeks,” “expects,” “may,” “should,” “intends,” “likely,” “targets,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates” or the negative version of those words and similar statements of a future or forward-looking nature identify forward-looking statements. Examples of such forward-looking statements include statements relating to expectations concerning market conditions, premium growth, earnings, investment performance, expected losses, rate changes and loss experience.

The primary events or circumstances that could cause actual results to differ materially from what we expect include determinations with respect to reserve adequacy, realized gains or losses on the investment portfolio (including other-than-temporary impairments for credit losses), loss cost trends, and competitive conditions in our key Focus States (defined in Results of Operations – Underwriting – Premium). We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any of the forward-looking statements. For a more detailed discussion of some of the foregoing risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements refer to Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

OVERVIEW

During the first quarter of 2016 total gross written premium decreased 3.8% compared with the same period of 2015. Premium growth in Texas and our Commercial Vehicle product was more than offset by declines in the other states. Refer to Results of Operations – Underwriting – Premium for a more detailed discussion of our gross written premium.

Net earnings and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2016, were $7.7 million and $0.69, respectively, compared with $11.2 million and $0.97, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2016, was primarily due to an increase in the calendar year combined ratio from 96.3% at March 31, 2015, to 97.7% at March 31, 2016.

Included in net earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2016, was $3.8 million ($5.9 million pre-tax) of favorable development on prior accident year loss and LAE reserves. The development during the three months ended March 31, 2016, was primarily due to decreases in severity estimates and loss adjustment expenses related to Florida and California bodily injury coverages as well as a decrease in severity estimates in Florida personal injury protection, all related to accident years 2014 and prior. This was partially offset by unfavorable development from accident year 2015 in California material damage coverages, driven by an increase in severity. Included in net earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2015, was $1.4 million ($2.1 million pre-tax) of favorable development on prior accident year loss and LAE reserves. The development was primarily due to decreases in loss adjustment expense in Florida bodily injury coverages and in California property damage and bodily injury coverages related to accident year 2013.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following table displays combined ratio results by accident year developed through March 31, 2016:



	Accident Year Combined Ratio Developed Through								Prior Accident Year (Favorable) / Unfavorable Development ($ in millions)
	Dec 2014		Mar 2015		Dec 2015		Mar 2016		YTD 2016		YTD 2016
Accident Year
Prior											$	0.3
2008	91.2	%	91.1	%	91.1	%	91.1	%	(0.0	)%	(0.2		)
2009	92.4	%	92.4	%	92.4	%	92.4	%	(0.0	)%	(0.3		)
2010	99.2	%	99.3	%	99.4	%	99.3	%	(0.1	)%	(1.2		)
2011	100.1	%	100.1	%	100.2	%	100.0	%	(0.1	)%	(1.3		)
2012	100.1	%	100.0	%	100.1	%	99.9	%	(0.2	)%	(2.2		)
2013	96.8	%	96.6	%	95.5	%	95.3	%	(0.2	)%	(3.0		)
2014	96.4	%	96.4	%	95.4	%	95.0	%	(0.4	)%	(5.2		)
2015			97.0	%	97.8	%	98.3	%	0.5	%	7.1
2016 YTD							99.4	%
											$	(5.9	)

Refer to Results of Operations – Underwriting – Profitability for a more detailed discussion of our underwriting results.

Pre-tax net investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2016, was $8.1 million compared with $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Our book value per share increased 1.5% from $61.66 at December 31, 2015, to $62.60 at March 31, 2016. This increase was primarily due to earnings and an increase in unrealized gains, partially offset by share repurchases and shareholder dividends during the year.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Underwriting

Premium

Our insurance subsidiaries provide personal automobile insurance products with a concentration on nonstandard auto insurance. While there is no industry-recognized definition of nonstandard auto insurance, we believe that it is generally understood to mean coverage for drivers who, due to factors such as their driving record, driving experience, lapse in, or the absence of, prior insurance, or credit history, represent a higher than normal risk. Customers in the market for nonstandard auto insurance generally seek minimum required liability limits and are willing to accept restrictive coverages in exchange for more affordable insurance, given their risk profile. We also write commercial vehicle insurance and insurance for classic collectible automobiles (Classic Collector).

We are licensed to write insurance in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, but we focus our operations in targeted urban areas identified in selected Focus States (defined below) that we believe offer the greatest opportunity for premium growth and profitability.

We classify the states in which we operate into two categories:


•	“Focus States” – Arizona, California, Florida and Texas.


•	“Other States” – States where we are running off our business.

We continually evaluate our market opportunities; thus, the Focus States and Other States may change over time as new market opportunities arise, as the allocation of resources changes or as regulatory environments change.

Our net earned premium was as follows ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015			Change			% Change
Net earned premium
Gross written premium
Personal Auto:
Focus States	$	327,667		$	341,302		$	(13,635	)	(4.0	)%
Other States	9,833			14,927			(5,094		)	(34.1	)%
Total Personal Auto	337,500			356,229			(18,729		)	(5.3	)%
Commercial Vehicle	35,240			31,276			3,964			12.7	%
Classic Collector	3,229			3,141			88			2.8	%
Total gross written premium	375,968			390,645			(14,677		)	(3.8	)%
Ceded reinsurance	(4,256		)	(3,572		)	(684		)	19.1	%
Net written premium	371,712			387,073			(15,361		)	(4.0	)%
Change in unearned premium	(35,528		)	(54,966		)	19,439			(35.4	)%
Net earned premium	$	336,184		$	332,106		$	4,078		1.2	%

The following table summarizes our policies in force:



	At March 31,
	2016	2015	Change		% Change
Policies in Force
Personal Auto:
Focus States	742,047	773,928	(31,881	)	(4.1	)%
Other States	24,119	41,744	(17,625	)	(42.2	)%
Total Personal Auto	766,166	815,672	(49,506	)	(6.1	)%
Commercial Vehicle	50,531	46,357	4,174		9.0	%
Classic Collector	41,226	40,983	243		0.6	%
Total policies in force	857,923	903,012	(45,089	)	(5.0	)%

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

During the first three months of 2016, we implemented rate revisions in various states with an overall rate increase of 6.8%. Policies in force at March 31, 2016, decreased 5.0% compared with the same period in 2015.

The decrease in gross written premium in our Focus States was primarily due to premium declines in Florida and California, partially offset by new business growth in Texas. New business in California declined during the first quarter of 2016 following a 5.3% rate increase implemented in February 2016, and premium in Florida declined primarily as a result of rate increases implemented during 2015 totaling nearly 14%.

The gross written premium growth in our Commercial Vehicle product was primarily due to renewal policy growth and higher average premium in California and Florida.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Profitability

A key operating performance measure of insurance companies is underwriting profitability, as opposed to overall profitability or net earnings. We measure underwriting profitability by the combined ratio. When the combined ratio is under 100%, we consider underwriting results profitable; when the ratio is over 100%, we consider underwriting results unprofitable. The combined ratio does not reflect investment income, other income, interest expense, corporate general and administrative expenses, other expenses or federal income taxes.

While we report financial results in accordance with GAAP for shareholder and other users’ purposes, we report it on a statutory basis for insurance regulatory purposes. We evaluate underwriting profitability based on a combined ratio calculated using statutory accounting principles. The statutory combined ratio represents the sum of the following ratios: (i) losses and LAE incurred as a percentage of net earned premium; and (ii) underwriting expenses incurred, net of installment and other fees, as a percentage of net written premium. Certain expenses are treated differently under statutory and GAAP accounting principles. Under GAAP, commissions, premium taxes and other variable costs incurred in connection with writing new and renewal business are capitalized as deferred policy acquisition costs and amortized on a pro rata basis over the period in which the related premium is earned. On a statutory basis, these items are expensed as incurred. Additionally, bad debt charge-offs on agent balances and premium receivables are included only in the GAAP combined ratios.

The discussion of underwriting results that follows focuses on statutory ratios and the components thereof, unless otherwise indicated.

The following table presents statutory and GAAP combined ratios:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016						2015						% Point Change
	Loss & LAE Ratio		Underwriting Ratio		Combined Ratio		Loss & LAE Ratio		Underwriting Ratio		Combined Ratio		Loss & LAE Ratio		Underwriting Ratio		Combined Ratio
Personal Auto:
Focus States	80.4	%	16.8	%	97.1	%	76.7	%	17.2	%	93.9	%	3.7	%	(0.4	)%	3.3	%
Other States	57.7	%	20.5	%	78.3	%	90.4	%	16.1	%	106.5	%	(32.7	)%	4.4	%	(28.2	)%
Total Personal Auto	79.6	%	16.9	%	96.4	%	77.5	%	17.1	%	94.7	%	2.1	%	(0.3	)%	1.8	%
Commercial Vehicle	77.3	%	15.6	%	92.9	%	77.5	%	16.9	%	94.4	%	(0.3	)%	(1.3	)%	(1.6	)%
Classic Collector	41.3	%	32.0	%	73.3	%	39.4	%	30.3	%	69.7	%	1.9	%	1.7	%	3.7	%
Total statutory ratios	79.1	%	17.0	%	96.0	%	77.2	%	17.3	%	94.5	%	1.9	%	(0.4	)%	1.5	%
Total statutory ratios excluding development	80.8	%	17.0	%	97.8	%	77.8	%	17.3	%	95.2	%	3.0	%	(0.4	)%	2.6	%
GAAP ratios	78.9	%	18.8	%	97.7	%	77.0	%	19.4	%	96.3	%	1.9	%	(0.6	)%	1.3	%
GAAP ratios excluding development	80.7	%	18.8	%	99.4	%	77.6	%	19.4	%	97.0	%	3.0	%	(0.6	)%	2.5	%

The statutory combined ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2016, increased by 1.5 points from the same period of 2015. The first quarter of 2016 included $5.9 million of favorable development on prior accident year loss and LAE reserves primarily due to decreases in severity estimates and loss adjustment expenses related to Florida and California bodily injury coverages as well as a decrease in severity estimates in Florida personal injury protection, all related to accident years 2014 and prior. This was partially offset by unfavorable development from accident year 2015 in California material damage coverages, driven by an increase in severity. The first quarter of 2015 included $2.1 million of favorable development on prior accident year loss and LAE reserves. Excluding the effect of development, the statutory combined ratio increased 2.6 points during the first quarter, compared with the same period of 2015.

The GAAP combined ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2016, increased by 1.3 points from the same period of 2015. Excluding the effect of development, the GAAP combined ratio increased by 2.5 points during the first quarter of 2016, primarily due to a higher accident year loss ratio as a result of increasing loss costs in material damage and personal injury protection coverages.

Losses from catastrophes were $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with $0.1 million for the same period of 2015.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The 3.3 points increase in the Focus States combined ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2016, was primarily due to an increase in the 2016 accident year loss ratio in California, compared with the same period of 2015, as a result of higher loss costs from the collision coverage.

The 1.6 points decrease in the Commercial Vehicle combined ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2016, was primarily due to a reduction in commission expense and an increase in fee income.

Installment and Other Fee Income



	Three months ended March 31,
($ in thousands)	2016		2015
Installment and other fee income	$	25,518	$	24,561

The increase in installment and other fee income charged to policyholders during the first three months of 2016 was primarily related to an increase in processing fees.

Net Investment Income

Net investment income is comprised of gross investment income less investment management fees and expenses, as shown in the following table ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Investment income:
Interest income on fixed maturities, cash and cash equivalents	$	8,280		$	8,815
Dividends on equity securities	345			500
Gross investment income	8,626			9,314
Investment expenses	(563		)	(578		)
Net investment income	8,063			8,736
Average investment balance, at cost	$	1,506,349		$	1,578,750
Annualized returns excluding realized gains and losses	2.1		%	2.2		%
Annualized returns including realized gains and losses	2.2		%	2.5		%

The book yield on our portfolio continues to exceed our new money rates. Therefore, we expect that investment returns will gradually decline as proceeds from maturing or prepaid investments are expected to be reinvested at yields lower than the average book yield for the total portfolio.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following table provides information about our fixed maturity investments at March 31, 2016, which are sensitive to interest rate risk. The table shows expected principal cash flows by expected maturity date for each of the five subsequent years and collectively for all years thereafter. Callable bonds and notes are included based on call date or maturity date depending upon which date produces the most conservative yield. Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) and sinking fund issues are included based on maturity year adjusted for expected payment patterns.



	Expected Principal Cash Flows
($ in thousands)	MBS and ABS only		Excluding MBS and ABS		Total		Maturing Book Yield
For the period ending December 31,
2016	$	66,040	$	58,572	$	124,612	2.4%
2017	100,685		157,611		258,296		2.1%
2018	61,419		133,411		194,831		2.2%
2019	42,713		156,499		199,212		2.3%
2020	32,189		148,580		180,769		2.6%
Thereafter	131,880		233,907		365,788		2.9%
Total	$	434,926	$	888,580	$	1,323,506	2.5%

The cash flows presented take into consideration historical relationships of market yields and prepayment rates. However, the actual prepayment rate may differ from historical trends, resulting in actual principal cash flows that differ from those presented above.

Net Realized Gains on Investments

We recorded net realized gains on sales and impairments for unrealized losses deemed other-than-temporary as follows (before tax, $ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31, 2016									Three months ended March 31, 2015
	Net Realized Gains on Sales			Net Impairment Losses Recognized in Earnings			Total Net Realized Gains on Investments			Net Realized Gains on Sales		Net Impairment Losses Recognized in Earnings			Total Net Realized Gains on Investments
Fixed maturities	$	259		$	(118	)	$	141		$	452	$	(381	)	$	71
Equity securities	0			0			0			1,098		0			1,098
Short-term investments	(2		)	0			(2		)	0		0			0
Total	$	257		$	(118	)	$	139		$	1,551	$	(381	)	$	1,169

For our securities held with unrealized losses, we believe, based on our analysis, that (i) we will recover our cost basis in these securities; and (ii) we do not intend to sell the securities nor is it more likely than not that there will be a requirement to sell the securities before they recover in value. Should either of these beliefs change with regard to a particular security, a charge for impairment would likely be required. While it is not possible to predict accurately if or when a specific security will become impaired, charges for other-than-temporary impairments could be material to results of operations in a future period.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Interest Expense



	Three months ended March 31,
($ in thousands)	2016		2015
5.0% Senior Notes	$	3,438	$	3,438
Amortization of debt issuance costs	51		48
Capital leases	20		22
Total	$	3,509	$	3,507

At March 31, 2016, we had $275 million principal outstanding of senior notes. These notes carry a coupon rate of 5.0% and require no principal payment until maturity in September 2022. Refer to Note 5 – Long-Term Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the 5.0% Senior Notes.

Income Taxes

Our GAAP effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2016, was 28.5% compared with 31.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The GAAP effective tax rate has decreased in 2016 primarily as a result of a decrease in pre-tax income. Refer to Note 6 – Income Taxes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on income taxes.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Sources of Funds

We are a holding company and our insurance subsidiaries conduct our operations. Accordingly, we will have continuing cash needs for administrative expenses, the payment of interest on borrowings, shareholder dividends, share repurchases and taxes.

Funds to meet expenditures at the holding company level come primarily from dividends and tax payments from the insurance subsidiaries, as well as cash and investments held by the holding company. As of March 31, 2016, the holding company had $129.2 million of cash and investments. In 2016 our insurance subsidiaries may pay us up to $65.4 million in ordinary dividends without prior regulatory approval. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, our insurance subsidiaries have paid us ordinary dividends of $12.0 million.

Our insurance subsidiaries generate liquidity to satisfy their obligations primarily by collecting and investing premiums in advance of paying claims and generating investment income on their $1.4 billion investment portfolio. Our insurance subsidiaries generated positive cash flows from operations of $23.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with positive operating cash flows of $33.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

At March 31, 2016, we had $275 million principal outstanding of 5.0% Senior Notes. The 5.0% Senior Notes accrue interest at 5.0%, payable semiannually each March and September. Refer to Note 5 – Long-Term Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on our long-term debt.

On February 29, 2016, we filed a "shelf" registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission registering securities, which will allow us to sell any combination of senior or subordinated debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, warrants, depositary shares, purchase contracts and units in one or more offerings should we choose to do so in the future. This shelf registration statement expires March 1, 2019.

Uses of Funds

In February 2016 we increased our quarterly dividend to $0.52 per share from $0.43 per share. At this current amount, our 2016 annualized dividend payments would be approximately $23.0 million.

On November 4, 2014, our Board of Directors increased the authority of our share and debt repurchase program to a total of $75 million and extended the date to execute the program from December 31, 2014, to December 31, 2016. During the first quarter of 2016 we repurchased 106,766 shares at an average cost, excluding commissions, of $78.59 per share. As of March 31, 2016, we had $37.0 million of authority remaining under this program.

We believe that cash balances, cash flows generated from operations or borrowings, and maturities and sales of investments are adequate to meet our future liquidity needs and those of our insurance subsidiaries.

Reinsurance

Premium ceded under all reinsurance agreements for the three months ended March 31, 2016, was $4.3 million compared with $3.6 million for the same period of 2015. Refer to Note 11 - Reinsurance to the Consolidated Financial Statements of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for more information on our reinsurance contracts.

Investments

Our consolidated investment portfolio at March 31, 2016, contained approximately $1.4 billion in fixed maturity securities and $90.1 million in equity securities. All of these are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of shareholders’ equity, on an after-tax basis. At March 31, 2016, we had pre-tax net unrealized gains of $15.1 million on fixed maturities and pre-tax net unrealized gains of $11.2 million on equity securities. Combined, the pre-tax net unrealized gain increased by $15.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. This increase occurred as a result of lower market interest rates affecting our fixed portfolio. The average option adjusted duration of our fixed maturity portfolio was 3.0 years at March 31, 2016, compared with 3.2 years at December 31, 2015.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Since we carry all of these securities at fair value in our balance sheet, there is virtually no effect on liquidity or financial condition upon the sale and ultimate realization of unrealized gains and losses.

Approximately 91.6% of our fixed maturity investments at March 31, 2016, were rated “investment grade,” and, as of the same date, the average credit rating of our fixed maturity portfolio was AA-. Investment grade securities generally bear lower yields and have lower degrees of risk than those that are unrated or non-investment grade. We believe that a high quality investment portfolio is more likely to generate a stable and predictable investment return.

Fair values of instruments are based on (i) quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1); (ii) quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets (Level 2); or (iii) valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in the marketplace (Level 3).

Our Level 1 securities are U.S. Treasury securities, an exchange-traded fund and equity securities held in a rabbi trust. Our Level 2 securities are comprised of securities whose fair value was determined using observable market inputs. Our Level 3 securities are comprised of (i) securities for which there is no active or inactive market for similar instruments; (ii) securities whose fair value is determined based on unobservable inputs; and (iii) securities that nationally recognized statistical rating organizations do not rate.

Summarized information for our investment portfolio at March 31, 2016, was as follows ($ in thousands):



	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		% of Total Fair Value
Fixed Maturities:
U.S. government	$	64,232	$	64,850	4.3	%
State and municipal	477,530		486,212		32.5	%
Mortgage- and asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed securities	334,746		340,971		22.8	%
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	65,947		65,532		4.4	%
Asset-backed securities (ABS):
Auto loans	37,135		37,129		2.5	%
Equipment leases	7,589		7,619		0.5	%
Credit card	2,620		2,617		0.2	%
All other	3,131		3,157		0.2	%
Total ABS	50,475		50,522		3.4	%
Total mortgage- and asset-backed	451,168		457,025		30.5	%
Corporates
Investment grade	279,838		281,281		18.8	%
Non-investment grade	119,530		118,078		7.9	%
Total corporates	399,369		399,359		26.7	%
Total fixed maturities	1,392,299		1,407,446		94.0	%
Equity securities	78,810		90,055		6.0	%
Total investments	$	1,471,109	$	1,497,501	100.0	%

We categorize securities by rating based upon available ratings issued by Moody's, Standard & Poor's or Fitch. If all three ratings are available but not equivalent, we exclude the lowest rating and the lower of the remaining ratings is used. If ratings are only available from two agencies, the lowest is used. This methodology is consistent with that used by the major bond indices. State and municipal bond ratings presented are underlying ratings without regard to any insurance.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following table presents the credit rating and fair value of our fixed maturity portfolio by major security type at March 31, 2016, ($ in thousands):



	Rating
	AAA			AA			A			BBB			Non-investment Grade			Total Fair Value			% of Total Exposure
U.S. government	$	64,850		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	64,850		4.6	%
State and municipal	132,787			271,807			81,617			0			0			486,212			34.5	%
Mortgage- and asset-backed	424,952			23,949			5,945			2,178			0			457,025			32.5	%
Corporates	0			21,496			131,941			128,248			117,675			399,359			28.4	%
Total fair value	$	622,589		$	317,252		$	219,503		$	130,426		$	117,675		$	1,407,446		100.0	%
% of total fair value	44.2		%	22.5		%	15.6		%	9.3		%	8.4		%	100.0		%

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

ITEM 3

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As of March 31, 2016, there were no material changes to the information provided on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, under the caption “Exposure to Market Risk” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Refer to Item 2 Management’s Discussion and Analysis under the caption “Investments” for updates to disclosures made under the subcaption “Credit Risk” of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

ITEM 4

Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of March 31, 2016. Based on that evaluation, we concluded that the controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed in our reports filed with or submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2016, there have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1

Legal Proceedings

We have not become a party to any material legal proceedings and there have not been any material developments in our legal proceedings disclosed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. For a description of our previously reported legal proceedings, refer to Part I, Item 3, Legal Proceedings of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

ITEM 1A

Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in our risk factors as disclosed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. For a description of our previously reported risk factors, refer to Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

ITEM 2

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities



	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share (a)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Approximate Dollar Value that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (b)
Period:
January 1, 2016 - January 31, 2016	50,766	$	78.46	50,766	$	41,374,754
February 1, 2016 - February 29, 2016	53,800	78.75		53,800	37,136,225
March 1, 2016 - March 31, 2016	2,200	77.45		2,200	36,965,774
Total	106,766	$	78.59	106,766	$	36,965,774

(a)Average price paid per share excludes commissions.


(b)	On November 4, 2014, our Board of Directors increased the authority under our current share and debt repurchase plan to a total of $75.0 million and extended the date to execute the program from December 31, 2014, to December 31, 2016.

ITEM 6



Exhibit 31.1	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer under Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)
Exhibit 31.2	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer under Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)
Exhibit 32	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
Exhibit 101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
Exhibit 101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document ⁽¹⁾
Exhibit 101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document ⁽¹⁾
Exhibit 101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document ⁽¹⁾
Exhibit 101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document ⁽¹⁾
Exhibit 101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document ⁽¹⁾

(1) Furnished with this report, in accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the information in these exhibits shall not be deemed to be "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability under that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

Table of Contents

INFINITY PROPERTY AND CASUALTY CORPORATION FORM 10-Q

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Signature

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Infinity Property and Casualty Corporation has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.




	Infinity Property and Casualty Corporation

	BY:	/s/ ROBERT H. BATEMAN
May 5, 2016		Robert H. Bateman
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Exhibit

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATIONS

I, James R. Gober, certify that:


1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Infinity Property and Casualty Corporation;


2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;


3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:


(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;


(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;


(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and


(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and


5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):


(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and


(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.



May 5, 2016	BY:	/s/ JAMES R. GOBER
		James R. Gober
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Robert H. Bateman, certify that:


1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Infinity Property and Casualty Corporation;


2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;


3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:


(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;


(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;


(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and


(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and


5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):


(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and


(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.



May 5, 2016	BY:	/s/ ROBERT H. BATEMAN
		Robert H. Bateman
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Exhibit

Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with the filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the Quarterly Report of Infinity Property and Casualty Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016 (the “Report”), each of the undersigned officers of the Company certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that to the best of his knowledge:


(1)	The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and


(2)	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of The Company.



May 5, 2016	BY:	/s/ JAMES R. GOBER
		James R. Gober President and Chief Executive Officer

May 5, 2016	BY:	/s/ ROBERT H. BATEMAN
		Robert H. Bateman Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

A signed original of this written statement will be retained by the Registrant and

furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

ipcc-20160331.xml
Attachment: XBRL INSTANCE DOCUMENT

ipcc-20160331.xsd
Attachment: XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA DOCUMENT

ipcc-20160331_cal.xml
Attachment: XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

ipcc-20160331_def.xml
Attachment: XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION DEFINITION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

ipcc-20160331_lab.xml
Attachment: XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE DOCUMENT

ipcc-20160331_pre.xml
Attachment: XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Mar. 31, 2016	Apr. 29, 2016
Document Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2016
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2016
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Registrant Name	INFINITY PROPERTY & CASUALTY CORP
Entity Central Index Key	0001195933
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		11,056,531

Consolidated Statements Of Earnings - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Revenues:
Earned premium	$ 336,184	$ 332,106
Percent change, Earned premium	1.20%
Installment and other fee income	$ 25,518	24,561
Percent change, Installment and other fee income	3.90%
Net investment income	$ 8,063	8,736
Percent change, Net investment Income	(7.70%)
Net realized (losses) gains on investments	$ 139	1,169
Percent change, Net realized gains on investments	(88.10%)
Other income	$ 258	400
Percent change, Other income	(35.60%)
Total revenues	$ 370,162	366,973
Percent change, Total revenues	0.90%
Costs and Expenses:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses	$ 265,284	255,643
Percent change, Losses and loss adjustment expenses	3.80%
Commissions and other underwriting expenses	$ 88,607	88,828
Percent change, Commissions and other underwriting expenses	(0.20%)
Interest expense	$ 3,509	3,507
Percent change, Interest expense	0.00%
Corporate general and administrative expenses	$ 1,704	1,855
Percent change, Corporate general and administrative expenses	(8.10%)
Other expenses	$ 282	903
Percent change, Other expenses	(68.70%)
Total costs and expenses	$ 359,386	350,737
Percent change, Total costs and expenses	2.50%
Earnings before income taxes	$ 10,776	16,236
Percent change, Earnings before income taxes	(33.60%)
Provision for income taxes	$ 3,068	5,082
Percent change, Provision for income taxes	(39.60%)
Net Earnings	$ 7,708	$ 11,154
Percent change, Net Earnings	(30.90%)
Net Earnings per Common Share:
Basic (usd per share)	$ 0.70	$ 0.98
Percent change, Basic	(28.60%)
Diluted (usd per share)	$ 0.69	$ 0.97
Percent change, Diluted	(28.90%)
Average Number of Common Shares:
Basic (shares)	11,036	11,427
Percent change, Basic	(3.40%)
Diluted (shares)	11,134	11,551
Percent change, Diluted	(3.60%)
Cash Dividends per Common Share (usd per share)	$ 0.52	$ 0.43
Percent change, Cash Dividends per Common Share	20.90%
Net realized gains on sales	$ 257	$ 1,551
Percent change, Net realized gains on sales	(83.40%)
Total other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses	$ (118)	(381)
Percent change, Total other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses	(69.20%)
Total net realized gains on investments	$ 139	$ 1,169
Percent change,Total net realized gains on investments	(88.10%)

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net earnings	$ 7,708	$ 11,154
Other comprehensive income before tax:
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	(11)	16
Unrealized gains on investments:
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period	15,459	8,416
Less: Reclassification adjustments for gains included in net earnings	(139)	(1,169)
Unrealized gains on investments, net	15,320	7,247
Other comprehensive income, before tax	15,309	7,263
Income tax expense related to components of other comprehensive income	(5,358)	(2,542)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	9,951	4,721
Comprehensive income	$ 17,659	$ 15,875

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Investments:
Fixed maturities – at fair value (amortized cost $1,392,299 and $1,381,510)	$ 1,407,446	$ 1,381,467
Equity securities – at fair value (cost $78,810 and $78,815)	90,055	89,935
Short-term investments - at fair value (amortized cost $0 and $4,656)	0	4,651
Total investments	1,497,501	1,476,053
Cash and cash equivalents	43,623	62,483
Accrued investment income	11,421	12,245
Agents’ balances and premium receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $14,201 and $15,385	542,603	511,543
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $75,619 and $72,892	91,567	89,707
Prepaid reinsurance premium	5,708	5,385
Recoverables from reinsurers (includes $739 and $362 on paid losses and LAE)	18,463	15,056
Deferred policy acquisition costs	97,213	93,157
Current and deferred income taxes	25,500	33,926
Receivable for securities sold	2,142	0
Other assets	16,500	10,306
Goodwill	75,275	75,275
Total assets	2,427,516	2,385,135
Liabilities:
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses	673,475	669,965
Unearned premium	652,499	616,649
Long-term debt (fair value $288,613 and $281,581)	273,434	273,383
Commissions payable	15,524	17,406
Payable for securities purchased	10,479	7,264
Other liabilities	110,609	112,873
Total liabilities	$ 1,736,020	$ 1,697,540
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 9)
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock, no par value (50,000,000 shares authorized; 21,775,372 and 21,774,520 shares issued)	$ 21,799	$ 21,794
Additional paid-in capital	376,400	376,025
Retained earnings	759,567	757,604
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax	17,762	7,811
Treasury stock, at cost (10,729,904 and 10,623,138 shares)	(484,032)	(475,638)
Total shareholders’ equity	691,496	687,595
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$ 2,427,516	$ 2,385,135

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Fixed Maturities, Amortized Cost	$ 1,392,299	$ 1,381,510
Equity securities, cost	78,810	78,815
Short term investments, amortized cost	0	4,656
Agents' balances and premium receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts	14,201	15,385
Property and equipment, accumulated depreciation	75,619	72,892
Recoverable from reinsurers, paid losses and loss adjustment expenses	739	362
Long-term debt, fair value	$ 288,613	$ 281,581
Common stock, par value (usd per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (shares)	21,775,372	21,774,520
Treasury stock, shares (shares)	10,729,904	10,623,138

Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax	Treasury Stock
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2014	$ 697,659	$ 21,745	$ 372,368	$ 725,651	$ 23,494	$ (445,599)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net earnings	11,154			11,154
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	11				11
Change in unrealized gain on investments	4,497				4,497
Change in non-credit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities	213				213
Comprehensive income	15,875
Dividends paid to common shareholders	(4,932)			(4,932)
Shares issued and share-based compensation expense, including tax benefit	725	11	714
Acquisition of treasury stock	(1,999)					(1,999)
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2015	707,328	21,756	373,082	731,873	28,216	(447,598)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net earnings	40,327			40,327
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	490				490
Change in unrealized gain on investments	(21,292)				(21,292)
Change in non-credit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities	397				397
Comprehensive income	19,922
Dividends paid to common shareholders	(14,596)			(14,596)
Shares issued and share-based compensation expense, including tax benefit	2,982	38	2,944
Acquisition of treasury stock	(28,041)					(28,041)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	687,595	21,794	376,025	757,604	7,811	(475,638)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net earnings	7,708			7,708
Net change in post-retirement benefit liability	(7)				(7)
Change in unrealized gain on investments	9,906				9,906
Change in non-credit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities	52				52
Comprehensive income	17,659
Dividends paid to common shareholders	(5,744)			(5,744)
Shares issued and share-based compensation expense, including tax benefit	380	5	375
Acquisition of treasury stock	(8,394)					(8,394)
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2016	$ 691,496	$ 21,799	$ 376,400	$ 759,567	$ 17,762	$ (484,032)

Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Operating Activities:
Net earnings	$ 7,708	$ 11,154
Adjustments:
Depreciation	3,083	2,982
Amortization	5,801	5,936
Net realized gains on investments	(139)	(1,169)
Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment	3	115
Share-based compensation expense	323	659
Activity related to rabbi trust	18	27
Change in accrued investment income	823	946
Change in agents’ balances and premium receivable	(31,061)	(46,331)
Change in reinsurance receivables	(3,730)	(761)
Change in deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,056)	(7,736)
Change in other assets	(3,130)	1,684
Change in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses	3,511	7,578
Change in unearned premium	35,850	55,173
Change in other liabilities	(4,039)	(2,790)
Net cash provided by operating activities	10,965	27,467
Investing Activities:
Purchases of fixed maturities	(157,887)	(150,155)
Purchases of equity securities	0	(2,000)
Purchases of short-term investments	0	(1,032)
Purchases of property and equipment	(4,945)	(2,140)
Maturities and redemptions of fixed maturities	39,298	46,727
Proceeds from sale of fixed maturities	103,935	95,432
Proceeds from sale of equity securities	0	4,489
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	4,602	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(14,996)	(8,678)
Financing Activities:
Proceeds from stock options exercised and employee stock purchases	57	66
Principal payments under capital lease obligations	(120)	(118)
Acquisition of treasury stock	(9,021)	(1,912)
Dividends paid to shareholders	(5,744)	(4,932)
Net cash used in financing activities	(14,829)	(6,896)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(18,860)	11,893
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	62,483	84,541
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 43,623	$ 96,434

Significant Reporting And Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Reporting And Accounting Policies

Significant Reporting and Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations

Basis of Consolidation and Reporting

We have evaluated events that occurred after March 31, 2016, for recognition or disclosure in our financial statements and the notes to the financial statements.

Schedules may not foot due to rounding.

Estimates

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

The following table illustrates the effect of adopting this standard on the Consolidated Balance Sheets ($ in millions):



	December 31, 2015
	As Reported		As Adjusted		Difference
Other assets	$	11.9	$	10.3	$	(1.6	)
Total assets	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)
Long-term debt	275.0		273.4		(1.6		)
Total liabilities	1,699.2		1,697.5		(1.6		)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Computation Of Earnings Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Net Earnings per Share

The following table illustrates our computations of basic and diluted net earnings per common share ($ in thousands, except per

share figures):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016		2015
Net earnings	$	7,708	$	11,154
Average basic shares outstanding	11,036		11,427
Basic net earnings per share	$	0.70	$	0.98

Average basic shares outstanding	11,036		11,427
Restricted stock not vested	21		11
Dilutive effect of Performance Share Plan	77		113
Average diluted shares outstanding	11,134		11,551
Diluted net earnings per share	$	0.69	$	0.97

Fair Value

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value

Fair values of instruments are based on:


(i)	quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1);


(ii)	quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets (Level 2); or


(iii)	valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in the marketplace (Level 3).

The following tables present, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, our assets and liabilities for which we report fair value on a recurring basis ($ in thousands):



	Fair Value
March 31, 2016	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,623		$	0		$	0		$	43,623
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government	64,836			14			0			64,850
State and municipal	0			486,212			0			486,212
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	0			340,971			0			340,971
Commercial	0			65,532			0			65,532
Total mortgage-backed securities	0			406,503			0			406,503
Asset-backed securities	0			49,183			1,338			50,522
Corporates	0			397,917			1,442			399,359
Total fixed maturities	64,836			1,339,830			2,781			1,407,446
Equity securities	90,055			0			0			90,055
Short-term investments	0			0			0			0
Total cash and investments	$	198,513		$	1,339,830		$	2,781		$	1,541,124
Percentage of total cash and investments	12.9		%	86.9		%	0.2		%	100.0		%

	Fair Value
December 31, 2015	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	62,483		$	0		$	0		$	62,483
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government	64,638			32			0			64,669
State and municipal	0			479,656			10			479,666
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	0			334,784			0			334,784
Commercial	0			70,224			0			70,224
Total mortgage-backed securities	0			405,008			0			405,008
Asset-backed securities	0			54,018			0			54,018
Corporates	0			376,582			1,524			378,105
Total fixed maturities	64,638			1,315,295			1,534			1,381,467
Equity securities	89,935			0			0			89,935
Short-term investments	0			4,651			0			4,651
Total cash and investments	$	217,056		$	1,319,946		$	1,534		$	1,538,536
Percentage of total cash and investments	14.1		%	85.8		%	0.1		%	100.0		%

We review the third party pricing methodologies quarterly and test for significant differences between the market price used to value the security and recent sales activity.

The following tables present the progression in the Level 3 fair value category ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31, 2016
	State and Municipal			Corporates			Asset-Backed Securities			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	10		$	1,524		$	0		$	1,534
Total gains or (losses), unrealized or realized
Included in net earnings	(0		)	3			0			3
Included in other comprehensive income	(0		)	1			1			1
Settlements	(10		)	(86		)	0			(96		)
Transfers in	0			0			1,338			1,338
Balance at end of period	$	0		$	1,442		$	1,338		$	2,781

	Three months ended March 31, 2015
	State and Municipal			Corporates			Asset-Backed Securities			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	0		$	3,134		$	150		$	3,285
Total losses, unrealized or realized
Included in net earnings	(0		)	(95		)	0			(95		)
Included in other comprehensive income	0			(14		)	0			(14		)
Settlements	0			(80		)	(105		)	(184		)
Transfers in	10			0			0			10
Balance at end of period	$	10		$	2,946		$	46		$	3,002

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments ($ in thousands):



	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,623	$	43,623	$	62,483	$	62,483
Available-for-sale securities:
Fixed maturities	1,407,446		1,407,446		1,381,467		1,381,467
Equity securities	90,055		90,055		89,935		89,935
Short-term investments	0		0		4,651		4,651
Total cash and investments	$	1,541,124	$	1,541,124	$	1,538,536	$	1,538,536
Liabilities:
Long-term debt	$	273,434	$	288,613	$	273,383	$	281,581

Investments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments

Summarized information for the major categories of our investment portfolio follows ($ in thousands):



	March 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI⁽¹⁾
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	$	64,232	$	624	$	(6	)	$	64,850	$	0
State and municipal	477,530		8,908		(226		)	486,212		(51		)
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	334,746		6,652		(427		)	340,971		(2,303		)
Commercial	65,947		163		(578		)	65,532		0
Total mortgage-backed securities	400,693		$	6,815	(1,005		)	$	406,503	(2,303		)
Asset-backed securities	50,475		114		(67		)	50,522		(8		)
Corporates	399,369		4,258		(4,267		)	399,359		(51		)
Total fixed maturities	1,392,299		20,718		(5,570		)	1,407,446		(2,414		)
Equity securities	78,810		11,245		0			90,055		0
Short-term investments	0		0		0			0		0
Total	$	1,471,109	$	31,962	$	(5,570	)	$	1,497,501	$	(2,414	)

	December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI⁽¹⁾
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	$	64,849	$	103	$	(282	)	$	64,669	$	0
State and municipal	472,402		7,393		(129		)	479,666		(51		)
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	333,554		3,678		(2,448		)	334,784		(2,374		)
Commercial	71,137		16		(929		)	70,224		0
Total mortgage-backed securities	404,691		3,694		(3,377		)	405,008		(2,374		)
Asset-backed securities	54,106		50		(138		)	54,018		(8		)
Corporates	385,462		1,281		(8,638		)	378,105		(61		)
Total fixed maturities	1,381,510		12,521		(12,564		)	1,381,467		(2,495		)
Equity securities	78,815		11,120		0			89,935		0
Short-term investments	4,656		0		(4		)	4,651		0
Total	$	1,464,981	$	23,640	$	(12,568	)	$	1,476,053	$	(2,495	)

(1) The total non-credit portion of OTTI recognized in Accumulated OCI reflecting the original non-credit loss at the time the credit impairment was determined.

The following tables set forth the amount of unrealized loss by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position ($ in thousands):



	Less than 12 Months								12 Months or More
March 31, 2016	Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost		Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	1	$	3,894	$	(3	)	0.1	%	3	$	3,406	$	(3	)	0.1	%
State and municipal	22	47,615		(226		)	0.5	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	35	13,838		(50		)	0.4	%	74	42,056		(377		)	0.9	%
Commercial	6	17,216		(126		)	0.7	%	11	39,953		(452		)	1.1	%
Total mortgage-backed securities	41	31,053		(177		)	0.6	%	85	82,009		(828		)	1.0	%
Asset-backed securities	19	18,395		(61		)	0.3	%	3	2,008		(6		)	0.3	%
Corporates	66	84,680		(2,895		)	3.3	%	25	32,720		(1,372		)	4.0	%
Total fixed maturities	149	185,638		(3,361		)	1.8	%	116	120,144		(2,210		)	1.8	%
Equity securities	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Short-term investments	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Total	149	$	185,638	$	(3,361	)	1.8	%	116	$	120,144	$	(2,210	)	1.8	%



	Less than 12 Months								12 Months or More
December 31, 2015	Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost		Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	18	$	36,024	$	(241	)	0.7	%	4	$	4,687	$	(41	)	0.9	%
State and municipal	27	54,680		(129		)	0.2	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	205	133,814		(1,436		)	1.1	%	64	39,001		(1,012		)	2.5	%
Commercial	9	28,733		(349		)	1.2	%	10	34,169		(580		)	1.7	%
Total mortgage-backed securities	214	162,547		(1,785		)	1.1	%	74	73,170		(1,592		)	2.1	%
Asset-backed securities	36	35,313		(132		)	0.4	%	2	1,153		(7		)	0.6	%
Corporates	172	239,440		(7,149		)	2.9	%	12	14,373		(1,488		)	9.4	%
Total fixed maturities	467	528,003		(9,436		)	1.8	%	92	93,384		(3,128		)	3.2	%
Equity securities	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Short-term investments	2	4,651		(4		)	0.1	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Total	469	$	532,654	$	(9,440	)	1.7	%	92	$	93,384	$	(3,128	)	3.2	%


•	whether the unrealized loss is credit-driven or a result of changes in market interest rates;


•	the length of time the security’s market value has been below its cost;


•	the extent to which fair value is less than cost basis;


•	the intent to sell the security;


•	whether it is more likely than not that there will be a requirement to sell the security before its anticipated recovery;


•	historical operating, balance sheet and cash flow data contained in issuer SEC filings;


•	issuer news releases;


•	near-term prospects for improvement in the issuer and/or its industry;


•	industry research and communications with industry specialists; and


•	third-party research and credit rating reports.

The following table summarizes those securities, excluding the rabbi trust, with unrealized gains or losses:



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Number of positions held with unrealized:
Gains	918		602
Losses	265		561
Number of positions held that individually exceed unrealized:
Gains of $500,000	2		2
Losses of $500,000	0		0
Percentage of positions held with unrealized:
Gains that were investment grade	94	%	94	%
Losses that were investment grade	83	%	89	%
Percentage of fair value held with unrealized:
Gains that were investment grade	94	%	95	%
Losses that were investment grade	84	%	88	%

The following table sets forth the amount of unrealized losses, excluding the rabbi trust, by age and severity at March 31, 2016, ($ in thousands):



	Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses		Total Gross Unrealized Losses			Less Than 5%*			5% - 10%*			Total Gross Greater Than 10%*
Age of Unrealized Losses
Three months or less	$	71,462	$	(341	)	$	(341	)	$	0		$	0
Four months through six months	41,617		(572		)	(319		)	(253		)	0
Seven months through nine months	27,755		(1,578		)	(272		)	(216		)	(1,090		)
Ten months through twelve months	55,845		(1,066		)	(522		)	(331		)	(213		)
Greater than twelve months	109,102		(2,014		)	(1,049		)	(336		)	(629		)
Total	$	305,782	$	(5,570	)	$	(2,502	)	$	(1,136	)	$	(1,932	)

* As a percentage of amortized cost or cost.

The change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities included the following ($ in thousands):



	Pre-tax
	Fixed Maturities			Equity Securities			Short-Term Investments			Tax Effects			Net
Three months ended March 31, 2016
Unrealized holding gains on securities arising during the period	$	15,332		$	125		$	2		$	(5,411	)	$	10,048
Realized (gains) losses on securities sold	(259		)	0			2			90			(167		)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	118			0			0			(41		)	76
Change in unrealized gains on securities, net	$	15,190		$	125		$	4		$	(5,362	)	$	9,958
Three months ended March 31, 2015
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period	$	6,036		$	2,380		$	(0	)	$	(2,946	)	$	5,470
Realized gains on securities sold	(452		)	(1,098		)	0			543			(1,008		)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	381			0			0			(134		)	248
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net	$	5,966		$	1,282		$	(0	)	$	(2,536	)	$	4,711

The following table is a progression of credit losses on fixed maturity securities that were bifurcated between a credit and non-credit component ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	683		$	852
Securities sold and paid down	(26		)	(52		)
Ending balance	$	658		$	799



	Fair Value								Amortized Cost
	Securities with Unrealized Gains		Securities with Unrealized Losses		Securities with No Unrealized Gains or Losses		All Fixed Maturity Securities		All Fixed Maturity Securities
Maturity
One year or less	$	66,163	$	536	$	4,000	$	70,699	$	70,101
After one year through five years	485,671		107,271		0		592,942		587,296
After five years through ten years	216,409		64,508		1,504		282,421		279,469
After ten years	4,359		0		0		4,359		4,265
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities	323,559		133,466		0		457,025		451,168
Total	$	1,096,160	$	305,782	$	5,504	$	1,407,446	$	1,392,299

Long-Term Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt



($ in thousands)	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Principal	$	275,000	$	275,000
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	1,566		1,617
Long-term debt less unamortized debt issuance costs	$	273,434	$	273,383

Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

The following is a reconciliation of income taxes at the statutory rate of 35.0% to the effective provision for income taxes as shown in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Earnings before income taxes	$	10,776		$	16,236
Income taxes at statutory rate	3,772			5,683
Effect of:
Dividends-received deduction	(72		)	(104		)
Tax-exempt interest	(639		)	(724		)
Other	8			228
Provision for income taxes as shown on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings	$	3,068		$	5,082
GAAP effective tax rate	28.5		%	31.3		%

Additional Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

Additional Information

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

We made the following payments that we do not separately disclose in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016		2015
Income tax payments	$	0	$	750
Interest payments on debt	6,875		6,875
Interest payments on capital leases	20		22

Negative Cash Book Balances

Insurance Reserves

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Insurance [Abstract]

Insurance Reserves



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Balance at Beginning of Period
Unpaid losses on known claims	$	237,660		$	235,037
IBNR losses	290,097			277,482
LAE	142,207			155,658
Total unpaid losses and LAE	669,965			668,177
Reinsurance recoverables	(14,694		)	(14,370		)
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables	655,271			653,808
Current Activity
Loss and LAE incurred:
Current accident year	271,167			257,785
Prior accident years	(5,883		)	(2,142		)
Total loss and LAE incurred	265,284			255,643
Loss and LAE payments:
Current accident year	(89,444		)	(81,907		)
Prior accident years	(175,360		)	(165,770		)
Total loss and LAE payments	(264,804		)	(247,677		)
Balance at End of Period
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables	655,751			661,773
Add back reinsurance recoverables	17,724			13,982
Total unpaid losses and LAE	673,475			675,755
Unpaid losses on known claims	236,701			241,483
IBNR losses	295,281			278,863
LAE	141,493			155,409
Total unpaid losses and LAE	$	673,475		$	675,755

The $5.9 million of favorable reserve development during the three months ended March 31, 2016, was primarily due to decreases in severity estimates and loss adjustment expenses related to Florida and California bodily injury coverages as well as a decrease in severity estimates in Florida personal injury protection, all related to accident years 2014 and prior. This was partially offset by unfavorable development from accident year 2015 in California material damage coverages, driven by an increase in severity.

Commitments And Contingencies	3 Months Ended
Commitments And Contingencies	Mar. 31, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Commitments There have been no material changes from the commitments discussed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. For a description of our previously reported commitments, refer to Note 14 Commitments and Contingencies of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. Contingencies From time to time we and our subsidiaries are named as defendants in various lawsuits incidental to our insurance operations. We consider legal actions relating to claims made in the ordinary course of seeking indemnification for a loss covered by the insurance policy in establishing loss and LAE reserves. We also face, in the ordinary course of business, lawsuits that seek damages beyond policy limits, commonly known as extra-contractual claims, as well as class action and individual lawsuits that involve issues not unlike those facing other insurance companies and employers. We continually evaluate potential liabilities and reserves for litigation of these types using the criteria established by the Contingencies topic of the FASC. Under this guidance we may only record reserves for a loss if the likelihood of occurrence is probable and we can reasonably estimate the amount. If a material loss is judged to be reasonably possible, we will disclose an estimated range of loss or state that an estimate cannot be made. We consider each legal action using this guidance and record reserves for losses as warranted by establishing a reserve captured within our Consolidated Balance Sheets line-items “Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses” for extra-contractual claims and “Other liabilities” for class action and other non-claims related lawsuits. We record amounts incurred on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings within “Losses and loss adjustment expenses” for extra-contractual claims and “Other expenses” for class action and other non-claims related lawsuits. Certain claims and legal actions have been brought against us for which we have accrued no loss, and for which an estimate of a possible range of loss cannot be made under the above rules. While it is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of these claims or lawsuits, we do not believe they are likely to have a material effect on our financial condition or liquidity. However, losses incurred because of these cases could have a material adverse impact on net earnings in a given period. For a description of previously reported contingencies, refer to Note 14 Commitments and Contingencies of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The components of other comprehensive income before and after tax are as follows ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016									2015
	Before Tax			Income Tax			Net			Before Tax			Income Tax			Net
Accumulated change in post-retirement benefit liability, beginning of period	$	944		$	(331	)	$	614		$	174		$	(61	)	$	113
Effect on other comprehensive income	(11		)	4			(7		)	16			(6		)	11
Accumulated change in post-retirement benefit liability, end of period	934			(327		)	607			190			(66		)	123

Accumulated unrealized gains on investments, net, beginning of period	11,072			(3,875		)	7,197			35,972			(12,590		)	23,382
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	15,459			(5,411		)	10,048			8,416			(2,946		)	5,470
Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairments included in net income	118			(41		)	76			381			(134		)	248
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains included in net income	(257		)	90			(167		)	(1,551		)	543			(1,008		)
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,320			(5,362		)	9,958			7,247			(2,536		)	4,711
Accumulated unrealized gains on investments, net, end of period	26,392			(9,237		)	17,155			43,218			(15,126		)	28,092

Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	12,016			(4,206		)	7,811			36,145			(12,651		)	23,494
Change in post-retirement benefit liability	(11		)	4			(7		)	16			(6		)	11
Change in unrealized gains on investments, net	15,320			(5,362		)	9,958			7,247			(2,536		)	4,711
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,309			(5,358		)	9,951			7,263			(2,542		)	4,721
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	$	27,326		$	(9,564	)	$	17,762		$	43,408		$	(15,193	)	$	28,216

Significant Reporting And Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Consolidation and Reporting

We have evaluated events that occurred after March 31, 2016, for recognition or disclosure in our financial statements and the notes to the financial statements.

Schedules may not foot due to rounding.

Estimates

Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

The following table illustrates the effect of adopting this standard on the Consolidated Balance Sheets ($ in millions):



	December 31, 2015
	As Reported		As Adjusted		Difference
Other assets	$	11.9	$	10.3	$	(1.6	)
Total assets	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)
Long-term debt	275.0		273.4		(1.6		)
Total liabilities	1,699.2		1,697.5		(1.6		)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Significant Reporting and Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of effect of adopting new ASU on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

The following table illustrates the effect of adopting this standard on the Consolidated Balance Sheets ($ in millions):



	December 31, 2015
	As Reported		As Adjusted		Difference
Other assets	$	11.9	$	10.3	$	(1.6	)
Total assets	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)
Long-term debt	275.0		273.4		(1.6		)
Total liabilities	1,699.2		1,697.5		(1.6		)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	2,386.8		2,385.1		(1.6		)

Computation of Net Earnings per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Earnings Per Common Share

The following table illustrates our computations of basic and diluted net earnings per common share ($ in thousands, except per

share figures):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016		2015
Net earnings	$	7,708	$	11,154
Average basic shares outstanding	11,036		11,427
Basic net earnings per share	$	0.70	$	0.98

Average basic shares outstanding	11,036		11,427
Restricted stock not vested	21		11
Dilutive effect of Performance Share Plan	77		113
Average diluted shares outstanding	11,134		11,551
Diluted net earnings per share	$	0.69	$	0.97

Fair Value (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair value by hierarchy

The following tables present, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, our assets and liabilities for which we report fair value on a recurring basis ($ in thousands):



	Fair Value
March 31, 2016	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,623		$	0		$	0		$	43,623
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government	64,836			14			0			64,850
State and municipal	0			486,212			0			486,212
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	0			340,971			0			340,971
Commercial	0			65,532			0			65,532
Total mortgage-backed securities	0			406,503			0			406,503
Asset-backed securities	0			49,183			1,338			50,522
Corporates	0			397,917			1,442			399,359
Total fixed maturities	64,836			1,339,830			2,781			1,407,446
Equity securities	90,055			0			0			90,055
Short-term investments	0			0			0			0
Total cash and investments	$	198,513		$	1,339,830		$	2,781		$	1,541,124
Percentage of total cash and investments	12.9		%	86.9		%	0.2		%	100.0		%

	Fair Value
December 31, 2015	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	62,483		$	0		$	0		$	62,483
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government	64,638			32			0			64,669
State and municipal	0			479,656			10			479,666
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	0			334,784			0			334,784
Commercial	0			70,224			0			70,224
Total mortgage-backed securities	0			405,008			0			405,008
Asset-backed securities	0			54,018			0			54,018
Corporates	0			376,582			1,524			378,105
Total fixed maturities	64,638			1,315,295			1,534			1,381,467
Equity securities	89,935			0			0			89,935
Short-term investments	0			4,651			0			4,651
Total cash and investments	$	217,056		$	1,319,946		$	1,534		$	1,538,536
Percentage of total cash and investments	14.1		%	85.8		%	0.1		%	100.0		%

Fair value level 3 reconciliation

The following tables present the progression in the Level 3 fair value category ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31, 2016
	State and Municipal			Corporates			Asset-Backed Securities			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	10		$	1,524		$	0		$	1,534
Total gains or (losses), unrealized or realized
Included in net earnings	(0		)	3			0			3
Included in other comprehensive income	(0		)	1			1			1
Settlements	(10		)	(86		)	0			(96		)
Transfers in	0			0			1,338			1,338
Balance at end of period	$	0		$	1,442		$	1,338		$	2,781

	Three months ended March 31, 2015
	State and Municipal			Corporates			Asset-Backed Securities			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	0		$	3,134		$	150		$	3,285
Total losses, unrealized or realized
Included in net earnings	(0		)	(95		)	0			(95		)
Included in other comprehensive income	0			(14		)	0			(14		)
Settlements	0			(80		)	(105		)	(184		)
Transfers in	10			0			0			10
Balance at end of period	$	10		$	2,946		$	46		$	3,002

Carrying Value and Estimated Fair Value

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments ($ in thousands):



	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,623	$	43,623	$	62,483	$	62,483
Available-for-sale securities:
Fixed maturities	1,407,446		1,407,446		1,381,467		1,381,467
Equity securities	90,055		90,055		89,935		89,935
Short-term investments	0		0		4,651		4,651
Total cash and investments	$	1,541,124	$	1,541,124	$	1,538,536	$	1,538,536
Liabilities:
Long-term debt	$	273,434	$	288,613	$	273,383	$	281,581

Investments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Summarized information of investment portfolio

Summarized information for the major categories of our investment portfolio follows ($ in thousands):



	March 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI⁽¹⁾
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	$	64,232	$	624	$	(6	)	$	64,850	$	0
State and municipal	477,530		8,908		(226		)	486,212		(51		)
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	334,746		6,652		(427		)	340,971		(2,303		)
Commercial	65,947		163		(578		)	65,532		0
Total mortgage-backed securities	400,693		$	6,815	(1,005		)	$	406,503	(2,303		)
Asset-backed securities	50,475		114		(67		)	50,522		(8		)
Corporates	399,369		4,258		(4,267		)	399,359		(51		)
Total fixed maturities	1,392,299		20,718		(5,570		)	1,407,446		(2,414		)
Equity securities	78,810		11,245		0			90,055		0
Short-term investments	0		0		0			0		0
Total	$	1,471,109	$	31,962	$	(5,570	)	$	1,497,501	$	(2,414	)

	December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost or Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI⁽¹⁾
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	$	64,849	$	103	$	(282	)	$	64,669	$	0
State and municipal	472,402		7,393		(129		)	479,666		(51		)
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	333,554		3,678		(2,448		)	334,784		(2,374		)
Commercial	71,137		16		(929		)	70,224		0
Total mortgage-backed securities	404,691		3,694		(3,377		)	405,008		(2,374		)
Asset-backed securities	54,106		50		(138		)	54,018		(8		)
Corporates	385,462		1,281		(8,638		)	378,105		(61		)
Total fixed maturities	1,381,510		12,521		(12,564		)	1,381,467		(2,495		)
Equity securities	78,815		11,120		0			89,935		0
Short-term investments	4,656		0		(4		)	4,651		0
Total	$	1,464,981	$	23,640	$	(12,568	)	$	1,476,053	$	(2,495	)

(1) The total non-credit portion of OTTI recognized in Accumulated OCI reflecting the original non-credit loss at the time the credit impairment was determined.

Unrealized loss by investment category and length of time

The following tables set forth the amount of unrealized loss by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position ($ in thousands):



	Less than 12 Months								12 Months or More
March 31, 2016	Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost		Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	1	$	3,894	$	(3	)	0.1	%	3	$	3,406	$	(3	)	0.1	%
State and municipal	22	47,615		(226		)	0.5	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	35	13,838		(50		)	0.4	%	74	42,056		(377		)	0.9	%
Commercial	6	17,216		(126		)	0.7	%	11	39,953		(452		)	1.1	%
Total mortgage-backed securities	41	31,053		(177		)	0.6	%	85	82,009		(828		)	1.0	%
Asset-backed securities	19	18,395		(61		)	0.3	%	3	2,008		(6		)	0.3	%
Corporates	66	84,680		(2,895		)	3.3	%	25	32,720		(1,372		)	4.0	%
Total fixed maturities	149	185,638		(3,361		)	1.8	%	116	120,144		(2,210		)	1.8	%
Equity securities	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Short-term investments	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Total	149	$	185,638	$	(3,361	)	1.8	%	116	$	120,144	$	(2,210	)	1.8	%



	Less than 12 Months								12 Months or More
December 31, 2015	Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost		Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Losses as % of Cost
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government	18	$	36,024	$	(241	)	0.7	%	4	$	4,687	$	(41	)	0.9	%
State and municipal	27	54,680		(129		)	0.2	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential	205	133,814		(1,436		)	1.1	%	64	39,001		(1,012		)	2.5	%
Commercial	9	28,733		(349		)	1.2	%	10	34,169		(580		)	1.7	%
Total mortgage-backed securities	214	162,547		(1,785		)	1.1	%	74	73,170		(1,592		)	2.1	%
Asset-backed securities	36	35,313		(132		)	0.4	%	2	1,153		(7		)	0.6	%
Corporates	172	239,440		(7,149		)	2.9	%	12	14,373		(1,488		)	9.4	%
Total fixed maturities	467	528,003		(9,436		)	1.8	%	92	93,384		(3,128		)	3.2	%
Equity securities	0	0		0			0.0	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Short-term investments	2	4,651		(4		)	0.1	%	0	0		0			0.0	%
Total	469	$	532,654	$	(9,440	)	1.7	%	92	$	93,384	$	(3,128	)	3.2	%

Summary of unrealized gains or losses

The following table summarizes those securities, excluding the rabbi trust, with unrealized gains or losses:



	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Number of positions held with unrealized:
Gains	918		602
Losses	265		561
Number of positions held that individually exceed unrealized:
Gains of $500,000	2		2
Losses of $500,000	0		0
Percentage of positions held with unrealized:
Gains that were investment grade	94	%	94	%
Losses that were investment grade	83	%	89	%
Percentage of fair value held with unrealized:
Gains that were investment grade	94	%	95	%
Losses that were investment grade	84	%	88	%

Unrealized loss by age and severity

The following table sets forth the amount of unrealized losses, excluding the rabbi trust, by age and severity at March 31, 2016, ($ in thousands):



	Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses		Total Gross Unrealized Losses			Less Than 5%*			5% - 10%*			Total Gross Greater Than 10%*
Age of Unrealized Losses
Three months or less	$	71,462	$	(341	)	$	(341	)	$	0		$	0
Four months through six months	41,617		(572		)	(319		)	(253		)	0
Seven months through nine months	27,755		(1,578		)	(272		)	(216		)	(1,090		)
Ten months through twelve months	55,845		(1,066		)	(522		)	(331		)	(213		)
Greater than twelve months	109,102		(2,014		)	(1,049		)	(336		)	(629		)
Total	$	305,782	$	(5,570	)	$	(2,502	)	$	(1,136	)	$	(1,932	)

* As a percentage of amortized cost or cost.

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities

The change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities included the following ($ in thousands):



	Pre-tax
	Fixed Maturities			Equity Securities			Short-Term Investments			Tax Effects			Net
Three months ended March 31, 2016
Unrealized holding gains on securities arising during the period	$	15,332		$	125		$	2		$	(5,411	)	$	10,048
Realized (gains) losses on securities sold	(259		)	0			2			90			(167		)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	118			0			0			(41		)	76
Change in unrealized gains on securities, net	$	15,190		$	125		$	4		$	(5,362	)	$	9,958
Three months ended March 31, 2015
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period	$	6,036		$	2,380		$	(0	)	$	(2,946	)	$	5,470
Realized gains on securities sold	(452		)	(1,098		)	0			543			(1,008		)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	381			0			0			(134		)	248
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net	$	5,966		$	1,282		$	(0	)	$	(2,536	)	$	4,711

Progression of credit losses on fixed maturity securities

The following table is a progression of credit losses on fixed maturity securities that were bifurcated between a credit and non-credit component ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	683		$	852
Securities sold and paid down	(26		)	(52		)
Ending balance	$	658		$	799

Scheduled maturities of fixed maturity securities



	Fair Value								Amortized Cost
	Securities with Unrealized Gains		Securities with Unrealized Losses		Securities with No Unrealized Gains or Losses		All Fixed Maturity Securities		All Fixed Maturity Securities
Maturity
One year or less	$	66,163	$	536	$	4,000	$	70,699	$	70,101
After one year through five years	485,671		107,271		0		592,942		587,296
After five years through ten years	216,409		64,508		1,504		282,421		279,469
After ten years	4,359		0		0		4,359		4,265
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities	323,559		133,466		0		457,025		451,168
Total	$	1,096,160	$	305,782	$	5,504	$	1,407,446	$	1,392,299

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of long-term debt



($ in thousands)	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Principal	$	275,000	$	275,000
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	1,566		1,617
Long-term debt less unamortized debt issuance costs	$	273,434	$	273,383

Income Taxes (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Reconciliation of provision for income taxes

The following is a reconciliation of income taxes at the statutory rate of 35.0% to the effective provision for income taxes as shown in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Earnings before income taxes	$	10,776		$	16,236
Income taxes at statutory rate	3,772			5,683
Effect of:
Dividends-received deduction	(72		)	(104		)
Tax-exempt interest	(639		)	(724		)
Other	8			228
Provision for income taxes as shown on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings	$	3,068		$	5,082
GAAP effective tax rate	28.5		%	31.3		%

Additional Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

We made the following payments that we do not separately disclose in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016		2015
Income tax payments	$	0	$	750
Interest payments on debt	6,875		6,875
Interest payments on capital leases	20		22

Insurance Reserves (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Insurance [Abstract]

Liability for unpaid losses and LAE

The following table provides an analysis of changes in the liability for unpaid losses and LAE on a GAAP basis ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Balance at Beginning of Period
Unpaid losses on known claims	$	237,660		$	235,037
IBNR losses	290,097			277,482
LAE	142,207			155,658
Total unpaid losses and LAE	669,965			668,177
Reinsurance recoverables	(14,694		)	(14,370		)
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables	655,271			653,808
Current Activity
Loss and LAE incurred:
Current accident year	271,167			257,785
Prior accident years	(5,883		)	(2,142		)
Total loss and LAE incurred	265,284			255,643
Loss and LAE payments:
Current accident year	(89,444		)	(81,907		)
Prior accident years	(175,360		)	(165,770		)
Total loss and LAE payments	(264,804		)	(247,677		)
Balance at End of Period
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables	655,751			661,773
Add back reinsurance recoverables	17,724			13,982
Total unpaid losses and LAE	673,475			675,755
Unpaid losses on known claims	236,701			241,483
IBNR losses	295,281			278,863
LAE	141,493			155,409
Total unpaid losses and LAE	$	673,475		$	675,755

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Comprehensive Income Before and After Tax

The components of other comprehensive income before and after tax are as follows ($ in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016									2015
	Before Tax			Income Tax			Net			Before Tax			Income Tax			Net
Accumulated change in post-retirement benefit liability, beginning of period	$	944		$	(331	)	$	614		$	174		$	(61	)	$	113
Effect on other comprehensive income	(11		)	4			(7		)	16			(6		)	11
Accumulated change in post-retirement benefit liability, end of period	934			(327		)	607			190			(66		)	123

Accumulated unrealized gains on investments, net, beginning of period	11,072			(3,875		)	7,197			35,972			(12,590		)	23,382
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	15,459			(5,411		)	10,048			8,416			(2,946		)	5,470
Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairments included in net income	118			(41		)	76			381			(134		)	248
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains included in net income	(257		)	90			(167		)	(1,551		)	543			(1,008		)
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,320			(5,362		)	9,958			7,247			(2,536		)	4,711
Accumulated unrealized gains on investments, net, end of period	26,392			(9,237		)	17,155			43,218			(15,126		)	28,092

Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	12,016			(4,206		)	7,811			36,145			(12,651		)	23,494
Change in post-retirement benefit liability	(11		)	4			(7		)	16			(6		)	11
Change in unrealized gains on investments, net	15,320			(5,362		)	9,958			7,247			(2,536		)	4,711
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,309			(5,358		)	9,951			7,263			(2,542		)	4,721
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	$	27,326		$	(9,564	)	$	17,762		$	43,408		$	(15,193	)	$	28,216

Significant Reporting And Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($) state	Mar. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Number of states licensed to write insurance \| state	50
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Unrealized holding gains on securities arising during period, net of tax	$ 10,048	$ 5,470
Equity securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Unrealized holding gains on securities arising during period, net of tax	$ 7,300

Significant Reporting And Accounting Policies - Effect on Line Items of Recently Adopted Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Other assets	$ 16,500	$ 10,306
Total assets	2,427,516	2,385,135
Long-term debt	273,434	273,383
Total liabilities	1,736,020	1,697,540
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 2,427,516	2,385,135
As Reported
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Other assets		11,900
Total assets		2,386,800
Long-term debt		275,000
Total liabilities		1,699,200
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity		2,386,800
Difference
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Other assets		(1,600)
Total assets		(1,600)
Long-term debt		(1,600)
Total liabilities		(1,600)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity		$ (1,600)

Computation of Net Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2015
Computation of net earnings per share
Net earnings	$ 7,708	$ 11,154	$ 40,327
Average basic shares outstanding (shares)	11,036	11,427
Basic net earnings per share (usd per share)	$ 0.70	$ 0.98
Average diluted shares outstanding (shares)	11,134	11,551
Diluted net earnings per share (usd per share)	$ 0.69	$ 0.97
Restricted Stock
Computation of net earnings per share
Dilutive shares (shares)	21	11
Performance Shares
Computation of net earnings per share
Dilutive shares (shares)	77	113

Fair Value - Fair Value by Hierarchy (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 1,497,501	$ 1,476,053
Recurring basis \| Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Long-term debt	288,600	281,600
Fair Value
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Cash and cash equivalents	43,623	62,483
Long-term debt	288,613	281,581
Fair Value \| Fixed Maturities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	1,407,446	1,381,467
Fair Value \| Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	90,055	89,935
Fair Value \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	4,651
Fair Value \| Recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Cash and cash equivalents	43,623	62,483
Total cash and investments	$ 1,541,124	$ 1,538,536
Percentage of total cash and investments (percent)	100.00%	100.00%
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Fixed Maturities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 1,407,446	$ 1,381,467
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| U.S. government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	64,850	64,669
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| State and Municipal
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	486,212	479,666
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Mortgage- Backed Securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	406,503	405,008
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Residential
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	340,971	334,784
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Commercial
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	65,532	70,224
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	50,522	54,018
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Corporates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	399,359	378,105
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	90,055	89,935
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	4,651
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Cash and cash equivalents	43,623	62,483
Total cash and investments	$ 198,513	$ 217,056
Percentage of total cash and investments (percent)	12.90%	14.10%
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Fixed Maturities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 64,836	$ 64,638
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| U.S. government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	64,836	64,638
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| State and Municipal
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Mortgage- Backed Securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Residential
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Commercial
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Corporates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	90,055	89,935
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Total cash and investments	$ 1,339,830	$ 1,319,946
Percentage of total cash and investments (percent)	86.90%	85.80%
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Fixed Maturities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 1,339,830	$ 1,315,295
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| U.S. government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	14	32
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| State and Municipal
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	486,212	479,656
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Mortgage- Backed Securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	406,503	405,008
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Residential
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	340,971	334,784
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Commercial
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	65,532	70,224
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	49,183	54,018
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Corporates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	397,917	376,582
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	4,651
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Total cash and investments	$ 2,781	$ 1,534
Percentage of total cash and investments (percent)	0.20%	0.10%
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Fixed Maturities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 2,781	$ 1,534
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| U.S. government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| State and Municipal
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	10
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Mortgage- Backed Securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Residential
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Commercial
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Asset-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	1,338	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Corporates
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	1,442	1,524
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	0	0
Fair Value \| Recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 0	$ 0

Fair Value - Level 3 Investments (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Fair Value - Level 3 Investments (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($) Securities security price	Mar. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Level 3 reconciliation
Balance at beginning of period	$ 1,534	$ 3,285
Included in net earnings	3	(95)
Included in other comprehensive income	1	(14)
Settlements	(96)	(184)
Transfers in	1,338	10
Balance at end of period	$ 2,781	3,002
Number of prices provided by unaffiliated money managers (prices) \| price	1
Available-for-sale Securities, Number of securities for which price could not be determined using observable marketable inputs \| Securities	1
Level 3
Level 3 reconciliation
Number of Positions (securities) \| security	4
Level 3 \| Non-Binding Broker Quotes
Level 3 reconciliation
Number of Positions (securities) \| Securities	3
State and Municipal
Level 3 reconciliation
Balance at beginning of period	$ 10	0
Included in net earnings	0	0
Included in other comprehensive income	0	0
Settlements	(10)	0
Transfers in	0	10
Balance at end of period	0	10
Corporates
Level 3 reconciliation
Balance at beginning of period	1,524	3,134
Included in net earnings	3	(95)
Included in other comprehensive income	1	(14)
Settlements	(86)	(80)
Transfers in	0	0
Balance at end of period	1,442	2,946
Asset-backed securities
Level 3 reconciliation
Balance at beginning of period	0	150
Included in net earnings	0	0
Included in other comprehensive income	1	0
Settlements	0	(105)
Transfers in	1,338	0
Balance at end of period	$ 1,338	$ 46

Fair Value - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 1,497,501	$ 1,476,053
Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	43,623	62,483
Total cash and investments	1,541,124	1,538,536
Long-term debt	273,434	273,383
Carrying Value \| Fixed Maturities
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities:	1,407,446	1,381,467
Carrying Value \| Equity securities
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities:	90,055	89,935
Carrying Value \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities:	0	4,651
Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	43,623	62,483
Total cash and investments	1,541,124	1,538,536
Long-term debt	288,613	281,581
Fair Value \| Fixed Maturities
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities:	1,407,446	1,381,467
Fair Value \| Equity securities
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities:	90,055	89,935
Fair Value \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities:	$ 0	$ 4,651

Investments - Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Investments - Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2015
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Proceeds from Sale of Available-for-sale Securities	$ 108,500	$ 99,900
Receivable for unsettled sales	2,142		$ 0
Receivable for securities sold but not settled		3,600
Gross realized gains	1,300	2,100
Gross realized losses	$ 1,000	$ 600

Investments - Investments by major category (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Mar. 31, 2016

Dec. 31, 2015

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

$ 1,392,299

$ 1,381,510

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

1,407,446

1,381,467

Equity Securities

Equity securities, Amortized cost

78,810

78,815

Equity securities, Fair Value

90,055

89,935

Available-for-sale securities, Amortized Cost or Cost, Total

1,471,109

1,464,981

Available-for-sale securities, Gross Unrealized Gains

31,962

23,640

Available-for-sale securities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(5,570)

(12,568)

Available-for-sale securities, Fair Value

1,497,501

1,476,053

Available-for-sale securities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

(2,414)

(2,495)

Fixed Maturities

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

1,392,299

1,381,510

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

20,718

12,521

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(5,570)

(12,564)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

1,407,446

1,381,467

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

(2,414)

(2,495)

U.S. government

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

64,232

64,849

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

624

103

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(6)

(282)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

64,850

64,669

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

State and Municipal

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

477,530

472,402

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

8,908

7,393

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(226)

(129)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

486,212

479,666

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

(51)

Mortgage- Backed Securities

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

400,693

404,691

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

6,815

3,694

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(1,005)

(3,377)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

406,503

405,008

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

(2,303)

(2,374)

Residential

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

334,746

333,554

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

6,652

3,678

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(427)

(2,448)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

340,971

334,784

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

(2,303)

(2,374)

Commercial

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

65,947

71,137

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

163

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(578)

(929)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

65,532

70,224

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

Asset-backed securities

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

50,475

54,106

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

114

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(67)

(138)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

50,522

54,018

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

(8)

Corporates

Fixed Maturities

Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities

399,369

385,462

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Gains

4,258

1,281

Fixed maturities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(4,267)

(8,638)

Fixed maturities, Fair Value

399,359

378,105

Fixed maturities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

(51)

(61)

Equity securities

Equity Securities

Equity securities, Amortized cost

78,810

78,815

Equity securities, Gross Unrealized Gains

11,245

11,120

Equity securities, Gross Unrealized Losses

Equity securities, Fair Value

90,055

89,935

Equity securities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

Short-term investments

Equity Securities

Equity securities, Amortized cost

4,656

Equity securities, Gross Unrealized Gains

Equity securities, Gross Unrealized Losses

(4)

Equity securities, Fair Value

4,651

Equity securities, OTTI Recognized in Accumulated OCI

^[1]

$ 0

[1]	The total non-credit portion of OTTI recognized in Accumulated OCI reflecting the original non-credit loss at the time the credit impairment was determined.

Investments - Continuous loss position investments (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($) security	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) security
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	265	561
Maximum
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Percentage of book value (percent)	95.00%
Minimum
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Unrealized loss amount	$ 100,000
Less than 12 Months
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	149	469
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 185,638,000	$ 532,654,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (3,361,000)	$ (9,440,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	1.80%	1.70%
Less than 12 Months \| Fixed Maturities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	149	467
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 185,638,000	$ 528,003,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (3,361,000)	$ (9,436,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	1.80%	1.80%
Less than 12 Months \| U.S. government
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	1	18
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 3,894,000	$ 36,024,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (3,000)	$ (241,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.10%	0.70%
Less than 12 Months \| State and Municipal
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	22	27
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 47,615,000	$ 54,680,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (226,000)	$ (129,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.50%	0.20%
Less than 12 Months \| Mortgage- Backed Securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	41	214
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 31,053,000	$ 162,547,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (177,000)	$ (1,785,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.60%	1.10%
Less than 12 Months \| Residential
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	35	205
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 13,838,000	$ 133,814,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (50,000)	$ (1,436,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.40%	1.10%
Less than 12 Months \| Commercial
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	6	9
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 17,216,000	$ 28,733,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (126,000)	$ (349,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.70%	1.20%
Less than 12 Months \| Asset-backed securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	19	36
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 18,395,000	$ 35,313,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (61,000)	$ (132,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.30%	0.40%
Less than 12 Months \| Corporates
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	66	172
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 84,680,000	$ 239,440,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (2,895,000)	$ (7,149,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	3.30%	2.90%
Less than 12 Months \| Equity securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	0	0
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 0	$ 0
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 0	$ 0
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.00%	0.00%
Less than 12 Months \| Short-term investments
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions) \| security	0	2
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 0	$ 4,651,000
Less than 12 Months, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 0	$ (4,000)
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.00%	0.10%
12 Months or More
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	116	92
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	1.80%	3.20%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 120,144,000	$ 93,384,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (2,210,000)	$ (3,128,000)
12 Months or More \| Fixed Maturities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	116	92
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	1.80%	3.20%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 120,144,000	$ 93,384,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (2,210,000)	$ (3,128,000)
12 Months or More \| U.S. government
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	3	4
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.10%	0.90%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 3,406,000	$ 4,687,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (3,000)	$ (41,000)
12 Months or More \| State and Municipal
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	0	0
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.00%	0.00%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 0	$ 0
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 0	$ 0
12 Months or More \| Mortgage- Backed Securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	85	74
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	1.00%	2.10%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 82,009,000	$ 73,170,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (828,000)	$ (1,592,000)
12 Months or More \| Residential
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	74	64
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.90%	2.50%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 42,056,000	$ 39,001,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (377,000)	$ (1,012,000)
12 Months or More \| Commercial
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	11	10
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	1.10%	1.70%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 39,953,000	$ 34,169,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (452,000)	$ (580,000)
12 Months or More \| Asset-backed securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	3	2
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.30%	0.60%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 2,008,000	$ 1,153,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (6,000)	$ (7,000)
12 Months or More \| Corporates
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	25	12
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	4.00%	9.40%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 32,720,000	$ 14,373,000
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (1,372,000)	$ (1,488,000)
12 Months or More \| Equity securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	0	0
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.00%	0.00%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 0	$ 0
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 0	$ 0
12 Months or More \| Short-term investments
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Number of Securities with Unrealized Losses (positions)	0	0
Unrealized Losses as Percentage of Cost	0.00%	0.00%
12 Months or More, Fair Value	$ 0	$ 0
12 Months of More, Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 0	$ 0

Investments - Summary of unrealized gains and losses (Details) - security	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Number of positions held with unrealized gains (positions)	918	602
Number of positions held with unrealized losses (positions)	265	561
Number of positions held that individually exceed unrealized gains of $500,000 (positions)	2	2
Number of positions held that individually exceed unrealized losses of $500,000 (positions)	0	0
Percentage of positions held with unrealized gains that were investment grade (percent)	94.00%	94.00%
Percentage of positions held with unrealized losses that were investment grade (percent)	83.00%	89.00%
Percentage of fair value held with unrealized gains that were investment grade (percent)	94.00%	95.00%
Percentage of fair value held with unrealized losses that were investment grade (percent)	84.00%	88.00%

Investments - Unrealized losses by age and severity (Details)
$ in Thousands

Mar. 31, 2016

USD ($)

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses

$ 305,782

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(5,570)

Three months or less

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses

71,462

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(341)

Four months through six months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses

41,617

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(572)

Seven months through nine months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses

27,755

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(1,578)

Ten months through twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses

55,845

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(1,066)

Greater than twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Fair Value of Securities with Unrealized Losses

109,102

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(2,014)

Less Than 5% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(2,502)

^[1]

Less Than 5% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Three months or less

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(341)

^[1]

Less Than 5% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Four months through six months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(319)

^[1]

Less Than 5% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Seven months through nine months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(272)

^[1]

Less Than 5% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Ten months through twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(522)

^[1]

Less Than 5% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Greater than twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(1,049)

^[1]

5% - 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(1,136)

^[1]

5% - 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Three months or less

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

^[1]

5% - 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Four months through six months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(253)

^[1]

5% - 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Seven months through nine months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(216)

^[1]

5% - 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Ten months through twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(331)

^[1]

5% - 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Greater than twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(336)

^[1]

Greater Than 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(1,932)

^[1]

Greater Than 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Three months or less

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

^[1]

Greater Than 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Four months through six months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

^[1]

Greater Than 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Seven months through nine months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(1,090)

^[1]

Greater Than 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Ten months through twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

(213)

^[1]

Greater Than 10% as a Percentage of Amortized Cost or Cost | Greater than twelve months

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]

Total Gross Unrealized Losses

$ (629)

^[1]

[1]	As a percentage of amortized cost or cost.

Investments - Change in unrealized gains and losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period, pre-tax	$ 15,459	$ 8,416
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period, tax effects	(5,411)	(2,946)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during period, net of tax	10,048	5,470
Realized gains on securities sold, pre-tax	(257)	(1,551)
Realized gains on securities sold, tax effects	90	543
Realized gains on securities sold, net of tax	(167)	(1,008)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings, tax effects	(41)	(134)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	76	248
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net, pre-tax	15,320	7,247
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net, tax effects	(5,362)	(2,536)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net, net of tax	9,958	4,711
Fixed Maturities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period, pre-tax	15,332	6,036
Realized gains on securities sold, pre-tax	(259)	(452)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings, pre-tax	118	381
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net, pre-tax	15,190	5,966
Equity securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period, pre-tax	125	2,380
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during period, net of tax	7,300
Realized gains on securities sold, pre-tax	0	(1,098)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings, pre-tax	0	0
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net, pre-tax	125	1,282
Short-term investments
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period, pre-tax	2	0
Realized gains on securities sold, pre-tax	2	0
Impairment loss recognized in earnings, pre-tax	0	0
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net, pre-tax	$ 4	$ 0

Investments - Credit losses rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Credit losses on fixed maturity securities
Beginning balance	$ 683	$ 852
Reductions for: Securities sold and paid down	(26)	(52)
Ending balance	$ 658	$ 799

Investments - Investments by contractual maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
One year or less, fair value	$ 70,699
One year or less, amortized cost	70,101
After one year through five years, fair value	592,942
After one year through five years, amortized cost	587,296
After five years through ten years, fair value	282,421
After five years through ten years, amortized cost	279,469
After ten years, fair value	4,359
After ten years, amortized cost basis	4,265
Mortgage-backed, asset-backed and collateralized mortgage obligations, fair value	457,025
Mortgage-backed, asset-backed and collateralized mortgage obligations, amortized cost	451,168
Fair Value, Fixed maturities	1,407,446	$ 1,381,467
Amortized Cost, Fixed Maturities	1,392,299	$ 1,381,510
Securities with Unrealized Gains
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
One year or less, fair value	66,163
After one year through five years, fair value	485,671
After five years through ten years, fair value	216,409
After ten years, fair value	4,359
Mortgage-backed, asset-backed and collateralized mortgage obligations, fair value	323,559
Fair Value, Fixed maturities	1,096,160
Securities with Unrealized Losses
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
One year or less, fair value	536
After one year through five years, fair value	107,271
After five years through ten years, fair value	64,508
After ten years, fair value	0
Mortgage-backed, asset-backed and collateralized mortgage obligations, fair value	133,466
Fair Value, Fixed maturities	305,782
Securities with No Unrealized Gains or Losses
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
One year or less, fair value	4,000
After one year through five years, fair value	0
After five years through ten years, fair value	1,504
After ten years, fair value	0
Mortgage-backed, asset-backed and collateralized mortgage obligations, fair value	0
Fair Value, Fixed maturities	$ 5,504

Long-Term Debt - Long-term Debt Less Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Sep. 30, 2012
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt less unamortized debt issuance costs	$ 273,434,000	$ 273,383,000
Senior Notes \| Senior Notes Due 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal	275,000,000	275,000,000	$ 275,000,000
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	1,566,000	1,617,000
Long-term debt less unamortized debt issuance costs	$ 273,434,000	$ 273,383,000

Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended
Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2014	Sep. 30, 2012	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, fair value			$ 288,613,000	$ 281,581,000
US Treasury Note
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term of note used (years)			10 years
Effective percentage (percent)			1.77%
Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Credit facility capacity	$ 50,000,000
Term of revolving credit facility (years)	3 years
Senior Notes Due 2022 \| Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal		$ 275,000,000	$ 275,000,000	$ 275,000,000
Coupon rate (percent)		5.00%
Capitalized debt issuance costs		$ 2,200,000
Long-term debt, fair value			$ 288,600,000
10-year U.S. Treasury note \| Senior Notes Due 2022 \| Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis points			2.35%

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Federal statutory income tax rate (percent)	35.00%
Income tax reconciliation
Earnings before income taxes	$ 10,776	$ 16,236
Income taxes at statutory rate	3,772	5,683
Dividends-received deduction	(72)	(104)
Tax-exempt interest	(639)	(724)
Other	8	228
Provision for income taxes as shown on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings	$ 3,068	$ 5,082
GAAP effective tax rate (percent)	28.50%	31.30%

Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2015
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]
Income tax payments	$ 0	$ 750
Interest payments on debt	6,875	6,875
Interest payments on capital leases	20	$ 22
Negative cash book balances	$ 47,000		$ 41,400

Insurance Reserves (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Insurance Reserves (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Roll Forward]
Unpaid losses on known claims, balance at beginning of period	$ 237,660	$ 235,037
IBNR losses, balance at beginning of period	290,097	277,482
LAE, balance at beginning of period	142,207	155,658
Total unpaid losses and LAE, balance at beginning of period	669,965	668,177
Reinsurance recoverables, balance at beginning of period	(14,694)	(14,370)
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables, balance at beginning of period	655,271	653,808
Loss and LAE incurred, current accident year	271,167	257,785
Loss and LAE incurred, Prior accident years	(5,883)	(2,142)
Total loss and LAE incurred	265,284	255,643
Loss and LAE payments, current accident year	(89,444)	(81,907)
Loss and LAE payments, prior accident years	(175,360)	(165,770)
Total loss and LAE payments	(264,804)	(247,677)
Unpaid losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables, balance at end of period	655,751	661,773
Add back reinsurance recoverables, balance at end of period	17,724	13,982
Total unpaid losses and LAE, balance at end of period	673,475	675,755
Unpaid losses on known claims, balance at end of period	236,701	241,483
IBNR losses, balance at end of period	295,281	278,863
LAE, balance at end of period	$ 141,493	$ 155,409

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2015
Before Tax [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	$ 12,016	$ 36,145
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,309	7,263
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	27,326	43,408
Income Tax [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	(4,206)	(12,651)
Effect on other comprehensive income	(5,358)	(2,542)
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	(9,564)	(15,193)
Net [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	7,811	23,494
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	9,951	4,721
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	17,762	28,216
Accumulated Change Post-retirement Benefit Liability
Before Tax [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	944	174
Effect on other comprehensive income	(11)	16
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	934	190
Income Tax [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	(331)	(61)
Effect on other comprehensive income	4	(6)
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	(327)	(66)
Net [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	614	113
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	(7)	11
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	607	123
Accumulated Unrealized Gains on Investments, Net and Other-than-Temporary Impairments
Before Tax [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	11,072	35,972
Effect on other comprehensive income	15,320	7,247
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification	15,459	8,416
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	26,392	43,218
Income Tax [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	(3,875)	(12,590)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification	(5,411)	(2,946)
Effect on other comprehensive income	(5,362)	(2,536)
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	(9,237)	(15,126)
Net [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of period	7,197	23,382
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification	10,048	5,470
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	9,958	4,711
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of period	17,155	28,092
Reclassification Adjustment for Other-than-Temporary Impairments
Before Tax [Abstract]
Reclassicification adjustment	118	381
Income Tax [Abstract]
Reclassicification adjustment	(41)	(134)
Net [Abstract]
Reclassicification adjustment	76	248
Accumulated Unrealized Gains on Investments, Net
Before Tax [Abstract]
Reclassicification adjustment	(257)	(1,551)
Income Tax [Abstract]
Reclassicification adjustment	90	543
Net [Abstract]
Reclassicification adjustment	$ (167)	$ (1,008)

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