UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

 (Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015

☐ TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______________ to ______________

Commission File Number 333-139298

Bridgeline Digital, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes   ☐     No   ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant in not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes   ☐     No   ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes   ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     

Yes  ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ☐     No   ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $9,566,515 based on the closing price of $2.45 of the issuer’s common stock, par value $.001 per share, as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market on March 31, 2015.

On December 8, 2015, there were 5,326,615 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: Portions of the definitive proxy statement for our 2015 annual meeting of stockholders, which is to be filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K, to the extent described in Part III.

Forward Looking Statement

Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not based on historical facts are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “should,” “could,” “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “intends,” “continue,” or similar terms or variations of those terms or the negative of those terms. These statements appear in a number of places in this Form 10-K and include statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. Forward-looking statements are merely our current predictions of future events. Investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain, are not guaranties of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from our predictions. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ from our predictions include the impact of the weakness in the U.S. and international economies on our business, our inability to manage our future growth effectively or profitably, fluctuations in our revenue and quarterly results, our license renewal rate, the impact of competition and our ability to maintain margins or market share, the limited market for our common stock, the volatility of the market price of our common stock, the ability to raise capital, the performance of our products, our ability to respond to rapidly evolving technology and customer requirements, our ability to protect our proprietary technology, the security of our software, our dependence on our management team and key personnel, our ability to hire and retain future key personnel, or our ability to maintain an effective system of internal controls. Although we have sought to identify the most significant risks to our business, we cannot predict whether, or to what extent, any of such risks may be realized, nor is there any assurance that we have identified all possible issues which we might face. We assume no obligation to update our forward-looking statements to reflect new information or developments. We urge readers to review carefully the risk factors described herein and in the other documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You can read these documents at www.sec.gov.

Where we say “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” or “Bridgeline” or “Bridgeline Digital” we mean Bridgeline Digital, Inc.

PART I

Item 1. Business.

Overview

Bridgeline Digital, The Digital Engagement Company™, enables its customers to maximize the performance of their mission critical websites, intranets, and online stores. Bridgeline’s iAPPS® platform deeply integrates Web Content Management, eCommerce, eMarketing, Social Media management, and Web Analytics to help marketers deliver online experiences that attract, engage and convert their customers across all digital channels. Bridgeline’s iAPPS platform combined with its digital services assists customers in maximizing on-line revenue, improving customer service and loyalty, enhancing employee knowledge, and reducing operational costs. Our iAPPSds (“distributed subscription”), is a platform that empowers large franchise and multi-unit organizations with state-of-the-art web engagement management while providing superior oversight of corporate branding. iAPPSds deeply integrates content management, eCommerce, eMarketing and web analytics and is a self-service web platform that is offered to each authorized franchise or dealer for a monthly subscription fee. Our iAPPSdsr platform, released in 2015, targets the growing multi-unit organizations with 10-500 locations providing them with powerful web engagement tools while maintaining corporate brand control and consistency.

The iAPPS platform is delivered through a cloud-based SaaS (“Software as a Service”) multi-tenant business model, whose flexible architecture provides customers with state of the art deployment providing maintenance, daily technical operation and support; or via a traditional perpetual licensing business model, in which the iAPPS software resides on a dedicated server in either the customer’s facility or Bridgeline’s Tier 1 co-managed hosting facility.

The iAPPS Platform is an award-winning application recognized around the globe. Our teams of Microsoft Gold© certified developers have won over 100 industry related awards. In 2015, the SIIA (Software and Information Industry Association) awarded iAPPS Content Manager, the 2015 SIIA CODiE Award for Best Web Content Management Platform. Also in 2015, EContent magazine named iAPPS Digital Engagement Platform to its Trendsetting Products list. The list of 75 products and platforms was compiled by EContent’s editorial staff, and selections were based on each offering’s uniqueness and importance to digital publishing, media, and marketing. We were also recognized in 2015 as a strong performer by Forrester Research, Inc in its independence report, “The Forrester Wave ™: Through-Channel Marketing Automation Platforms, Q3 2015.” In recent years, our iAPPS Content Manager and iAPPS Commerce products were selected as finalists for the 2014, 2013, and 2012 CODiE Awards for Best Content Management Solution and Best Electronic Commerce Solution, globally. In 2014 and 2013, Bridgeline Digital won twenty-five Horizon Interactive Awards for outstanding development of web applications and websites. Also in 2013, the Web Marketing Association sponsored Internet Advertising Competition honored Bridgeline Digital with three awards for iAPPS customer websites and B2B Magazine selected Bridgeline Digital as one of the Top Interactive Technology companies in the United States. KMWorld Magazine Editors selected Bridgeline Digital as one of the 100 Companies That Matter in Knowledge Management and also selected iAPPS as a Trend Setting Product in 2013.

Bridgeline Digital was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on August 28, 2000.

Locations

The Company’s corporate office is in Burlington, Massachusetts. The Company maintains regional field offices serving the following geographical locations: Atlanta, GA; Baltimore, MD; Boston, MA; Chicago, IL; Dallas, TX; Denver, CO; New York, NY; San Luis Obispo, CA; and Tampa, FL. The Company has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Bridgeline Digital Pvt. Ltd. located in Bangalore, India. 

Products and Services

Products

iAPPS Platform

Subscription and Perpetual Licenses

Revenue from sales of both on-demand SaaS web tools and perpetual licenses is reported as subscription and perpetual licenses in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

The iAPPS platform provides a unified common set of shared software modules that are critical to today’s mission critical websites, on-line stores, intranets, extranets, and portals. The iAPPS platform empowers companies and developers to create websites, web applications and online stores with advanced business logic, state-of-the-art graphical user interfaces, and improved quality.

The iAPPS platform is a Web Engagement Management (WEM) platform that unifies web content management, web Analytics, eCommerce, social media management and eMarketing capabilities deep within the websites, intranets or online stores in which they reside, enabling customers to enhance and optimize the value of their web properties and better engage their website users. The iAPPS platform significantly enhances WEM and Customer Experience Management (CXM) capabilities.

The iAPPSds platform was built specifically to support the needs of multi-unit organizations and franchises, Bridgeline's cloud-based platform allows companies to execute local marketing plans, follow SEO best practices, drive eCommerce initiatives, and measure results with actionable analytics.

The iAPPS suite of products includes:

Services

Revenue from Digital Engagement Services

Revenue from all digital engagement services is reported as digital engagement services in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Digital Engagement Services

Digital engagement services address specific customer needs such as digital strategy, web design and web development, usability engineering, information architecture, and Search Engine Optimization (SEO) for their mission critical web site, intranet or online store. Application development engagements are often sold as part of a multiple element arrangement that includes our software products, hosting arrangements (i.e. Managed Service Hosting) that provide for the use of certain hardware and infrastructure at one of our co-managed network operating centers, or retained professional services subsequent to completion of the application development.

Digital Strategy Services

Bridgeline helps customers maximize the effectiveness of their online marketing activities to ensure that their web applications can be exposed to the potential customers that use search engines to locate products and services. Bridgeline’s SEO services include competitive analysis, website review, keyword generation, proprietary leading page technology, ongoing registration, monthly reports, and monitoring. Bridgeline’s web analytics experts offer consulting and assistance in implementing iAPPS Analyzer or any other type of web analytics package.

Usability Design

By integrating usability into traditional development life cycles, we believe our usability experts can significantly enhance a user’s experience. Our usability professionals provide the following services: usability audits, information architecture, process analysis and optimization, interface design and user testing. Our systematic and user-centered approach to application development focuses on developing applications that are intuitive, accessible, engaging, and effective. Our goal is to produce a net effect of increased traffic, improved visitor retention, increased user productivity, reduced user error, lower support cost, and reduced long-term development cost.

Information Architecture

Information Architecture is a design methodology focused on structuring information to ensure that users can find the appropriate data and can complete their desired transactions within a website or application. Understanding users and the context in which users will be initiating with a web application is central to information architecture. Information architects try to put themselves in the position of a typical user of an application to better understand a user’s characteristics, behaviors, intentions and motivations. At the same time, the information architect develops an understanding of a web application’s functionality and data structures. The understanding of these components enables the architect to make customer centric decisions about the end user and then translate those decisions into site maps, wire frames and clickable prototypes.

Information architecture forms the foundation of a web application’s usability. The extent to which a web application is user-friendly and is widely adopted by a user base is primarily dependent on the success of the information architecture. Information architecture defines how well users can navigate through a website or application and how easily they can find the desired information or function. As digital engagement becomes more standard and commoditized, information architecture will increase as a differentiator for application developers.

Managed Service Hosting

Revenue from Managed Service Hosting

Revenue from managed service hosting is reported as managed service hosting in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

A large number of our customers engage Bridgeline to host and manage the mission critical web sites and web stores we develop. Through our partnerships with Internap and Saavis, Tier 1 secured data centers, we offer co-location services in state-of-the-art facilities. We provide 24/7 application monitoring, emergency response, version control, load balancing, managed firewall security, and virus protection services. We provide shared hosting, dedicated hosting, and SaaS hosting for our customers.

Sales and Marketing

Overview

Bridgeline employs a direct sales force to sell enterprise iAPPS engagements and each sale takes on average 3-6 months to complete. Our direct sales force focuses its efforts selling to mid-sized and large companies. These companies are generally categorized in the following vertical markets: financial services, retail brand names, health services and life sciences, technology (software and hardware), credit unions and regional banks, as well as associations and foundations.

Bridgeline also employs a direct sales force to sell iAPPSds and iAPPSdsr engagements to franchises and multi-unit organizations. Each sale in the iAPPSds vertical market takes on average approximately one year to complete and in the iAPPSdsr vertical market approximately 3-6 months to complete.

Strategic Alliances

We have dedicated business development professionals whose mission is to identify and establish strategic alliances for iAPPS and iAPPSds. We maintain a strategic alliance with UPS Logistics, which began in 2012. Bridgeline and UPS Logistics signed a multi-year agreement to offer B2B and B2C eCommerce web stores with an end-to-end eCommerce offering comprised of Bridgeline’s eCommerce Fulfilled™ solution and UPS Logistics and fulfillment services. The combined Bridgeline and UPS Logistics offering provides customers with the ability to manage the eCommerce and supply chain fulfillment needs and was designed to benefit mid-market and larger online web stores who seek end to end solutions.

Also in 2012, Bridgeline signed a multi-year agreement with The UPS Stores, a national franchise network of over 4,300 locations who license the iAPPSds platform.

We continue to pursue other significant strategic alliances that will enhance the sales and distribution opportunities of iAPPS related intellectual property.

Engagement Methodology

We use an accountable, strategic engagement process developed specifically for target companies that require a technology based professional approach. We believe it is critical to qualify each opportunity and to assure our skill set and tools match up well with customer’s needs. As an essential part of every engagement, we believe our engagement methodology streamlines our customer qualification process, strengthens our customer relationships, ensures our skill set and tools match the customer’s needs, and results in the submission of targeted proposals.

Organic Growth from Existing Customer Base

We have specific proactive programs that consistently market our iAPPS platform and interactive development capabilities. Our business development professionals seek ongoing business opportunities within our existing customer base and within other operating divisions or subsidiaries of our existing customer base.

New Customer Acquisition

We identify customers within our vertical expertise (financial services, franchise/dealer networks, retail brand names, health services and life sciences, high technology, credit unions and regional banks, as well as associations and foundations). Our business development professionals create an annual territory plan identifying various strategies to engage our target customers.

Customer Retention Programs

We use digital marketing capabilities when marketing to our customer base. We make available via email and on our website Bridgeline authored Whitepapers, featured case studies, and/or Company related announcements to our customers on a bimonthly basis. We also host educational on-line webinars, face to face seminars and training.

New Lead Generation Programs

We generate targeted leads and new business opportunities by leveraging on-line marketing strategies. We receive leads by maximizing the SEO capabilities of our own website. Through our website, we provide various educational Whitepapers and promote upcoming on-line seminars. In addition, we utilize banner advertisements on various independent newsletters and paid search advertisements that are linked to our website. We also participate and exhibit at targeted events.

Social Media Programs

We market Bridgeline’s upcoming events, Whitepapers, blogs, case studies, digital product tutorials, announcements, and related articles frequently on leading social media platforms such as Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube and Facebook.

Acquisitions

There were no acquisitions during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2015 and 2014.

Research and Development

We have a strong commitment to research and development activities focusing on creating new products and innovations, product enhancements, and funding future market opportunities. In fiscal 2015 and 2014, research and development expenses were $1.9 million, or 10% of revenues, and $2.4 million, or 10% of revenues, respectively.

Employees

We have 91 employees worldwide as of September 30, 2015. Substantially all of those employees are full time employees.

Customers

We primarily serve the following vertical markets that we believe have a history of investing in information technology enhancements and initiatives as follows:

For the years ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, no customer generated more than 10% of our revenue. 

Competition

The markets for our products and services, including software for web content management, eCommerce platform software, eMarketing software, web analytics software and digital engagement services are highly competitive, fragmented, and rapidly changing. Barriers to entry in such markets remain relatively low. The markets are significantly affected by new product introductions and other market activities of industry participants. With the introduction of new technologies and market entrants, we expect competition to persist and intensify in the future.

We believe we compete adequately with others and we distinguish ourselves from our competitors in a number of ways: 

Available Information

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, along with any amendments to those reports, are made available upon request, on our website www.bridgeline.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Copies of the following are also available through our website on the “About Us - Investor Information” page under the caption “Governance” and are available in print to any shareholder who requests it:

The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information regarding the SEC’s Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information and can be found at http://www.sec.gov.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

This report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements of our objectives, expectations and intentions. The cautionary statements made in this report are applicable to all forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this report. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed herein. In addition to the risks discussed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our business is subject to the risks set forth below.

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves certain risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. The risks described below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

If we are unable to manage our future growth efficiently, our business, liquidity, revenues and profitability may suffer.

We anticipate that continued expansion of our core business will require us to address potential market opportunities. For example, we may need to expand the size of our research and development, sales, corporate finance or operations staff. There can be no assurance that our infrastructure will be sufficiently flexible and adaptable to manage our projected growth or that we will have sufficient resources, human or otherwise, to sustain such growth. If we are unable to adequately address these additional demands on our resources, our profitability and growth might suffer. Also, if we continue to expand our operations, management might not be effective in expanding our physical facilities and our systems, procedures or controls might not be adequate to support such expansion. Our inability to manage our growth could harm our business and decrease our revenues.

We may also require additional funding to further expand our operations. We currently have a borrowing facility with BridgeBank from which we can borrow, and this line is subject to financial covenants that must be met. It is not certain that all or part of this line will be available to us in the future. We also depend on other sources of financing and this may not be available to us in a timely basis if at all, or on terms acceptable to us. If we fail to obtain acceptable funding when needed, we may not have sufficient resources to fund our normal operations, and this would have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our revenue and quarterly results may fluctuate, which could adversely affect our stock price.

We have experienced, and may in the future experience, significant fluctuations in our quarterly operating results that may be caused by many factors. These factors include:

The length of our sales cycle can fluctuate significantly which could result in significant fluctuations in license revenues being recognized from quarter to quarter. 

The decision by a customer to purchase our products often involves the development of a complex implementation plan across a customer’s business. This process often requires a significant commitment of resources both by prospective customers and us. Given the significant investment and commitment of resources required in order to implement our software, it may take several months, or even several quarters, for marketing opportunities to materialize. If a customer's decision to purchase our products is delayed or if the installation of our products takes longer than originally anticipated, the date on which we may recognize revenues from these sales would be delayed. Such delays and fluctuations could cause our revenues to be lower than expected in a particular period and we may not be able to adjust our costs quickly enough to offset such lower revenue, potentially negatively impacting our results of operations.

Because most of our licenses are renewable on an annual basis, a reduction in our license renewal rate could reduce our revenue.

Our customers have no obligation to renew their annual subscription licenses, and some customers have elected not to do so. Our license renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including customer dissatisfaction with our products and services, our failure to update our products to maintain their attractiveness in the market, or constraints or changes in budget priorities faced by our customers. A decline in license renewal rates could cause our revenue to decline which would have a material adverse effect on our operations.

We face intense and growing competition, which could result in price reductions, reduced operating margins and loss of market share.

We operate in a highly competitive marketplace and generally encounter intense competition to create and maintain demand for our services and to obtain service contracts. If we are unable to successfully compete for new business and license renewals, our revenue growth and operating margins may decline. The market for our iAPPS platform (Content Manager, Analyzer, eCommerce, Marketier, Social) and web development services are competitive and rapidly changing. Barriers to entry in such markets are relatively low. With the introduction of new technologies and market entrants, we expect competition to intensify in the future. Some of our principal competitors offer their products at a lower price, which may result in pricing pressures. Such pricing pressures and increased competition generally could result in reduced sales, reduced margins or the failure of our product and service offerings to achieve or maintain more widespread market acceptance.

The web development/services market is highly fragmented with a large number of competitors and potential competitors. Our prominent public company competitors are Open Text, Demandware, Sitecore, Episerver, and Big Commerce. We face competition from customers and potential customers who develop their own applications internally. We also face competition from potential competitors that are substantially larger than we are and who have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources, and established direct and indirect channels of distribution. As a result, they are able to devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we can.

There may be a limited market for our common stock which may make it more difficult for you to sell your stock and which may reduce the market price of our common stock.

The average shares traded per day in fiscal 2015 was approximately 15,000 shares per day compared to approximately 20,000 for fiscal 2014. If our average trading volume of our common stock continues to decrease it may impair the ability of holders of our common stock to sell their shares at the time they wish to sell them or at a price that they consider reasonable. The low trading volume may also reduce the fair market value of the shares of our common stock. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the price of our common stock will reflect our actual value. There can be no assurance that the daily trading volume of our common stock will increase or improve either now or in the future.

The market price of our common stock is volatile which could adversely affect your investment in our common stock.

The market price of our common stock is volatile and could fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including, without limitation: as a result of the risk factors listed in this annual report on Form 10-K; actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; and general economic and industry conditions. During fiscal 2015, the closing price of our common stock as reported by NASDAQ fluctuated between $1.15 and $3.80.

If our products fail to perform properly due to undetected errors or similar problems, our business could suffer, and we could face product liability exposure.

We develop and sell complex web engagement software which may contain undetected errors, or bugs. Such errors can be detected at any point in a product’s life cycle, but are frequently found after introduction of new software or enhancements to existing software. We continually introduce new products and new versions of our products. Despite internal testing and testing by current and potential customers, our current and future products may contain serious defects. If we detect any errors before we ship a product, we might have to delay product shipment for an extended period of time while we address the problem. We might not discover software errors that affect our new or current products or enhancements until after they are deployed, and we may need to provide enhancements to correct such errors. Therefore, it is possible that, despite our testing, errors may occur in our software. These errors could result in the following:

Furthermore, our customers may use our software together with products from other companies. As a result, when problems occur, it might be difficult to identify the source of the problem. Even when our software does not cause these problems, the existence of these errors might cause us to incur significant costs, divert the attention of our technical personnel from our product development efforts, impact our reputation, or cause significant customer relations problems.

Technology and customer requirements evolve rapidly in our industry, and if we do not continue to develop new products and enhance our existing products in response to these changes, our business could suffer.

We will need to continue to enhance our products in order to maintain our competitive position. We may not be successful in developing and marketing enhancements to our products on a timely basis, and any enhancements we develop may not adequately address the changing needs of the marketplace. Overlaying the risks associated with our existing products and enhancements are ongoing technological developments and rapid changes in customer requirements. Our future success will depend upon our ability to develop and introduce in a timely manner new products that take advantage of technological advances and respond to new customer requirements. The development of new products is increasingly complex and uncertain, which increases the risk of delays. We may not be successful in developing new products and incorporating new technology on a timely basis, and any new products may not adequately address the changing needs of the marketplace. Failure to develop new products and product enhancements that meet market needs in a timely manner could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology and other intellectual property rights, our ability to compete in the marketplace may be substantially reduced.

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, our competitors could use our intellectual property to market products similar to our products, which could decrease demand for such products, thus decreasing our revenue. We rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as licensing agreements, third-party non-disclosure agreements and other contractual measures, to protect our intellectual property rights. These protections may not be adequate to prevent our competitors from copying or reverse-engineering our products. Our competitors may independently develop technologies that are substantially similar or superior to our technology. To protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information, we require employees, consultants, advisors and collaborators to enter into confidentiality agreements. These agreements may not provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure of such trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information. The protective mechanisms we include in our products may not be sufficient to prevent unauthorized copying. Existing copyright laws afford only limited protection for our intellectual property rights and may not protect such rights in the event competitors independently develop similar products. In addition, the laws of some countries in which our products are or may be licensed do not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.

Policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult, and litigation could become necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights. Any litigation could be time consuming and expensive to prosecute or resolve, result in substantial diversion of management attention and resources, and materially harm our business or financial condition.

If a third party asserts that we infringe upon its proprietary rights, we could be required to redesign our products, pay significant royalties or enter into license agreements.

Claims of infringement are becoming increasingly common as the software industry develops and as related legal protections, including but not limited to patents, are applied to software products. Although we do not believe that our products infringe on the rights of third parties, a third party may assert that our technology or technologies of entities we acquire violates its intellectual property rights. As the number of software products in our markets increases and the functionality of these products further overlap, we believe that infringement claims will become more common. Any claims against us, regardless of their merit, could:

We believe that any successful challenge to our use of a trademark or domain name could substantially diminish our ability to conduct business in a particular market or jurisdiction and thus decrease our revenue and result in possible losses to our business.

If the security of our software, in particular the hosted Internet solutions products we have developed, is breached, our business and reputation could suffer.

Fundamental to the use of our products is the secure collection, storage and transmission of confidential information. Third parties may attempt to breach our security or that of our customers and their databases. We might be liable to our customers for any breach in such security, and any breach could harm our customers, our business and reputation. Any imposition of liability, particularly liability that is not covered by insurance or is in excess of insurance coverage, could harm our reputation, business and operating results. Computers, including those that utilize our software, are vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions, which could lead to interruptions, delays or loss of data. We might be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect further against security breaches or to rectify problems caused by any security breach, which, in turn could divert funds available for corporate growth and expansion or future acquisitions.

If our co-managed network operations center that houses our iAPPS SaaS environment and managed service hosting were to experience a disruption in service, our business and reputation could suffer.

We host our SaaS and managed hosting customers from our co-managed Network Operation Center (“NOC”), which is operated by a third-party. While we have ownership control and have access to our servers and all of the components of our network operation center, we do not control the operation of the Tier 1 data facility. Our data facility lease automatically renews each year. If upon renewal date our third-party provider does not provide commercially reasonable terms, we may be required to transfer our servers to a new data center facility, and we may incur significant costs and possible service interruption in connection with doing so.

Problems faced by our third-party data center location, with the telecommunications network providers with whom we or they contract, or with the systems by which our telecommunications providers allocate capacity among their customers, including us, could adversely affect the experience of our customers. Our third-party data center operator could decide to close their facilities without adequate notice. In addition, any financial difficulties, such as bankruptcy, faced by our third-party data center operators or any of the service providers with whom we or they contract may have negative effects on our business, the nature and extent of which are difficult to predict. Additionally, if our data center is unable to keep up with our growing needs for capacity, this could have an adverse effect on our business. Any changes in third-party service levels at our data centers or any errors, defects, disruptions, or other performance problems with our services could harm our reputation. Interruptions in our services might reduce our revenue, cause us to issue credits or refunds to customers, subject us to potential liability, or harm our renewal rates.

We are dependent upon our management team, and the loss of any of these individuals could harm our business.

We are dependent on the efforts of our key management personnel. The loss of any of our key management personnel, or our inability to recruit and train additional key management and other personnel in a timely manner, could materially and adversely affect our business, operations and future prospects. We do not maintain a key man insurance policy covering any of our employees.

Because competition for highly qualified personnel is intense, we might not be able to attract and retain the employees we need to support our planned growth.

We will need to increase the size and maintain the quality of our sales force, software development staff and professional services organization to execute our growth plans. To meet our objectives, we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel with specialized skill sets. Competition for qualified personnel can be intense, and we might not be successful in attracting and retaining them. Our ability to maintain and expand our sales, product development and professional services teams will depend on our ability to recruit, train and retain top quality people with advanced skills who understand sales to, and the specific needs of, our target customers. For these reasons, we have experienced, and we expect to again experience in the future, challenges in hiring and retaining highly skilled employees with appropriate qualifications for our business. In addition to hiring services personnel to meet our needs, we may also engage additional third-party consultants as contractors, which could have a negative impact on our financial results. If we are unable to hire or retain qualified personnel, or if newly hired personnel fail to develop the necessary skills or reach productivity slower than anticipated, it would be more difficult for us to sell our products and services, and we could experience a shortfall in revenue and not achieve our planned growth.

Future acquisitions may be difficult to integrate into our existing operations, may disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value, divert management’s attention, or negatively affect our operating results.

We have acquired multiple businesses since our inception in 2000. A key element of our growth and market share expansion strategy has been the pursuit of additional acquisitions in the fragmented digital engagement industry in the future. These future acquisitions may create risks such as: (i) the need to integrate and manage the businesses and products acquired with our own business and products; (ii) additional demands on our resources, systems, procedures and controls; (iii) disruption of our ongoing business; (iv) unknown liabilities associated with the acquired businesses; and (v) diversion of management's attention from other business concerns. In addition, future acquisitions could involve substantial investment of funds or financings by issuance of debt or equity securities and could result in one-time charges and expenses and have the potential to either dilute the interests of existing shareholders or result in the issuance of or assumption of debt. Any such acquisition may not be successful in generating revenues, income or other returns to us, and the resources committed to such activities will not be available to us for other purposes. Moreover, if we are unable to access capital markets on acceptable terms or at all, we may not be able to consummate acquisitions, or may have to do so based upon less than optimal capital structure. Our inability to take advantage of growth opportunities for our business or to address risks associated with acquisitions or investments in businesses may negatively affect our operating results. Additionally, any impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets acquired in an acquisition or in an investment, or charges to earnings associated with any acquisition or investment activity, may materially reduce our earnings which, in turn, may have an adverse material effect on the price of our common stock.

Increasing government regulation could affect our business and may adversely affect our financial condition.

We are subject not only to regulations applicable to businesses generally, but also to laws and regulations directly applicable to electronic commerce. Although there are currently few such laws and regulations, state, federal and foreign governments may adopt laws and regulations applicable to our business. Any such legislation or regulation could dampen the growth of the Internet and decrease its acceptance. If such a decline occurs, companies may choose in the future not to use our products and services. Any new laws or regulations in the following areas could affect our business:

We have never paid dividends and we do not anticipate paying dividends in the future.

We have never paid cash dividends and do not believe that we will pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the future. Since we have no plan to pay cash dividends, an investor would only realize income from his investment in our shares if there is a rise in the market price of our common stock, which is uncertain and unpredictable.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not required. 

Item 2.   Properties.

The following table lists our offices, all of which are leased: 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings.

From time to time we are subject to ordinary routine litigation and claims incidental to our business. We are not currently involved in any legal proceedings that we believe are material.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5.   Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of high and low sale prices for our common stock. Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol BLIN.

We have not declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not plan to pay cash dividends to our common shareholders in the near future. During fiscal 2015, we did issue stock dividends to holders of our Series A preferred stock. As of December 5, 2015, our common stock was held of record by approximately 1,210 shareholders. Most of the Company’s stock is held in street name through one or more nominees.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds From Registered Securities

The following summarizes all sales of our unregistered securities during the year ended September 30, 2015, other than sales of unregistered securities during the quarter ended December 31, 2014 that were previously disclosed on Form 8-K. The securities in the below-referenced transactions were (i) issued without registration and (ii) were subject to restrictions under the Securities Act and the securities laws of certain states, in reliance on the private offering exemptions contained in Sections 4(2), 4(6) and/or 3(b) of the Securities Act and on Regulation D promulgated there under, and in reliance on similar exemptions under applicable state laws as transactions not involving a public offering. Unless stated otherwise, no placement or underwriting fees were paid in connection with these transactions.

The stock option securities were issued exclusively to our directors, executive officers and employees. The issuance of options and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of such options as described above were issued pursuant to written compensatory plans or arrangements with our employees, directors and consultants, in reliance on the exemptions from the registration provisions of the Securities Act set forth in Section 4(2) thereof relative to sales by an issuer not involving any public offering, to the extent an exemption from such registration was required. 

Item 6.   Selected Financial Data.

Not required.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This section contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of factors and risks including the impact of the weakness in the U.S. and international economies on our business, our inability to manage our future growth effectively or profitably, fluctuations in our revenue and quarterly results, our license renewal rate, the impact of competition and our ability to maintain margins or market share, the limited market for our common stock, the volatility of the market price of our common stock, the ability to raise capital, the performance of our products, our ability to respond to rapidly evolving technology and customer requirements, our ability to protect our proprietary technology, the security of our software, our dependence on our management team and key personnel, our ability to hire and retain future key personnel, or our ability to maintain an effective system of internal controls. These and other risks are more fully described herein and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

This section should be read in combination with the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements and related notes prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

Overview

Bridgeline Digital, The Digital Engagement Company™, enables its customers to maximize the performance of their mission critical websites, intranets, and online stores. Bridgeline’s iAPPS® platform deeply integrates Web Content Management, eCommerce, eMarketing, Social Media management, and Web Analytics to help marketers deliver online experiences that attract, engage and convert their customers across all digital channels. Bridgeline’s iAPPS platform combined with its digital services assists customers in maximizing on-line revenue, improving customer service and loyalty, enhancing employee knowledge, and reducing operational costs. The iAPPSds (“distributed subscription”) product is a platform that empowers franchise and large dealer networks with state-of-the-art web engagement management while providing superior oversight of corporate branding. iAPPSds deeply integrates content management, eCommerce, eMarketing and web analytics and is a self-service web platform that is offered to each authorized franchise or dealer for a monthly subscription fee. Our iAPPSdsr platform, released in 2015, targets the growing multi-unit organizations with 10-500 locations providing them with powerful web engagement tools while maintaining corporate brand control and consistency.

The iAPPS platform is delivered through a cloud-based SaaS (“Software as a Service”) multi-tenant business model, whose flexible architecture provides customers with state of the art deployment providing maintenance, daily technical operation and support; or via a traditional perpetual licensing business model, in which the iAPPS software resides on a dedicated server in either the customer’s facility or Bridgeline’s co-managed hosting facility.

The iAPPS Platform is an award-winning application recognized around the globe. Our teams of Microsoft Gold© certified developers have won over 100 industry related awards. In 2015, the SIIA (Software and Information Industry Association) awarded iAPPS Content Manager, the 2015 SIIA CODiE Award for Best Web Content Management Platform. Also in 2015, EContent magazine named iAPPS Digital Engagement Platform to its Trendsetting Products list. The list of 75 products and platforms was compiled by EContent’s editorial staff, and selections were based on each offering’s uniqueness and importance to digital publishing, media, and marketing. We were also recognized in 2015 as a strong performer by Forrester Research, Inc in its independence report, “The Forrester Wave ™: Through-Channel Marketing Automation Platforms, Q3 2015.” In recent years, our iAPPS Content Manager and iAPPS Commerce products were selected as finalists for the 2014, 2013, and 2012 CODiE Awards for Best Content Management Solution and Best Electronic Commerce Solution, globally. In 2014 and 2013, Bridgeline Digital won twenty-five Horizon Interactive Awards for outstanding development of web applications and websites. Also in 2013, the Web Marketing Association sponsored Internet Advertising Competition honored Bridgeline Digital with three awards for iAPPS customer websites and B2B Magazine selected Bridgeline Digital as one of the Top Interactive Technology companies in the United States. KMWorld Magazine Editors selected Bridgeline Digital as one of the 100 Companies That Matter in Knowledge Management and also selected iAPPS as a Trend Setting Product in 2013.

Bridgeline Digital was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on August 28, 2000.

Locations

The Company’s corporate office is located in Burlington, Massachusetts. The Company maintains regional field offices serving the following geographical locations: Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, New York, San Luis Obispo and Tampa. The Company has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Bridgeline Digital Pvt. Ltd. located in Bangalore, India.

Sales and Marketing

Bridgeline employs a direct sales force and each sale takes on average 3-6 months to complete. Each franchise/multi-unit organization sale takes on average one year to complete. Our direct sales force focuses its efforts selling to medium-sized and large companies. These companies are generally categorized in the following vertical markets: (i) financial services; (ii) franchises/multi-unit organizations; (iii) retail brand names; (iv) health services and life sciences; (v) technology (software and hardware); (vi) credit unions and regional banks and (vii) associations and foundations. We have nine geographic locations in the United States.

We have business development professionals dedicated to identifying and establishing strategic alliances for iAPPS and iAPPSds. We have maintained a strategic alliance with UPS Logistics since 2012. Bridgeline and UPS Logistics signed a multi-year agreement to offer B2B and B2C eCommerce web stores with an end-to-end eCommerce offering comprised of Bridgeline’s eCommerce Fulfilled™ solution and UPS Logistics and fulfillment services. The combined Bridgeline and UPS Logistics offering provides customers with the ability to manage the eCommerce and supply chain fulfillment needs and was designed to benefit mid-market and larger online web stores who seek end to end solutions. Also, in 2012, we signed a multi-year agreement with The UPS Stores, a national franchise network of over 4,300 locations who license the iAPPS ds platform. Since 2013, we have signed more national multi-unit organizations expanding the iAPPSds footprint to potentially thousands more customers.

We continue to pursue significant strategic alliances that will enhance the sales and distribution opportunities of iAPPS related intellectual property.

Acquisitions

Bridgeline will continue to evaluate expanding its distribution of iAPPS and its interactive development capabilities through acquisitions. We may make additional acquisitions in the foreseeable future. These potential acquisitions will be consistent with our iAPPS platform distribution strategy and growth strategy by providing Bridgeline with new geographical distribution opportunities, an expanded customer base, an expanded sales force and an expanded developer force. In addition, integrating acquired companies into our existing operations allows us to consolidate the finance, human resources, legal, marketing, research and development of the acquired businesses with our own internal resources, hence reducing the aggregate of these expenses for the combined businesses and resulting in improved operating results.

Customer Information

We currently have approximately 2,500 active customers. For the years ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, no one customer represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue.

Summary of Results of Operations

Total revenue for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015 (“fiscal 2015”) decreased to $19.2 million from $23.7 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2014 (“fiscal 2014”).  Loss from operations for fiscal 2015 was ($16.1) million compared with loss from operations of ($5.2) million for fiscal 2014. We had a net loss for fiscal 2015 of ($16.8) million compared with a net loss of ($6.2) million for fiscal 2014. In fiscal 2015, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $10.5 million, which comprised the majority of the loss in fiscal 2015. Loss per share attributable to common shareholders for fiscal 2015 was ($3.88) compared with loss per share attributable to common shareholders of ($1.58) for fiscal 2014.

Highlights of Fiscal 2015

Revenue

Total revenue for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015 decreased $4.5 million, or 19%, to $19.2 million from $23.7 million in fiscal 2014. Our revenue is derived from three sources: (i) digital engagement services; (ii) subscription and perpetual licenses; and (iii) managed service hosting.

Digital Engagement Services

Digital engagement services revenue is comprised of iAPPS digital engagement services and other digital engagement services generated from non-iAPPS related engagements. Total revenue from digital engagement services decreased $4.5 million, or 27% to $11.9 million in fiscal 2015 from $16.4 million in fiscal 2014. The decrease in digital engagement services revenue for fiscal 2015 compared to the prior period is due primarily to a decrease in new iAPPS engagements combined with project delays, as well as an expected decrease in non-iAPPS digital engagement services revenues. Revenue from iAPPS related digital engagement services decreased $4.1 million, or 29% to $10.2 million compared to fiscal 2014. The decrease is attributable to a decrease in new iAPPS engagements combined with project delays.

Digital engagement services revenue as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 62% in fiscal 2015 from 69% in fiscal 2014. The decrease is attributable to the decrease in the number of iAPPS license related engagements and lower margin iAPPSds engagements.

Subscription and Perpetual Licenses

Revenue from subscription and perpetual licenses increased $43 thousand to $5.8 million in fiscal 2015 from $5.7 million in fiscal 2014. Subscription and perpetual license revenue as a percentage of total revenue increased to 30% in fiscal 2015 from 24% in fiscal 2014.

The increases are due primarily to a higher amount of subscription license revenues, particularly from our iAPPSds product for multi-unit organizations and the franchise industry. 

Managed Service Hosting

Revenue from managed service hosting decreased $90 thousand, or 6%, to $1.5 million in fiscal 2015 from $1.6 million in fiscal 2014. The decreases are due to the ending of engagements with smaller hosting customers obtained through previous acquisitions combined with a majority of our new engagements are SaaS engagements and do not have a separate managed hosting component. Managed services revenue as a percentage of total revenue was 8% in fiscal 2014 compared to 7% in fiscal 2014.

The decreases are due to our efforts to engage with customers that are aligned with our core competencies and proactively end engagements with a number of smaller hosting customers obtained through previous acquisitions.

Cost of Revenue

Total cost of revenue for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015 decreased $1.2 million, or 10%, to $11.0 million from $12.2 million in fiscal 2014.

Cost of Digital Engagement Services

Cost of digital engagement services decreased $1.5 million, or 15%, compared to fiscal 2014. The decrease is attributable to decreases in headcount and compensation in conjunction with the decrease in digital engagements services revenues. The cost of total digital engagement services as a percentage of total digital engagement services revenue increased to 73% in fiscal 2015 from 63% in fiscal 2014. The increase as a percentage of revenue is attributable to the decrease in services engagement revenues at a faster pace than employee workforce reductions, and some iAPPSds projects sold at a lower service margin in order to secure higher margin license revenue.

Cost of iAPPS digital engagement services decreased $825 thousand, or 9%, to $8.2 million in fiscal 2015 from $9.1 million in fiscal 2014. The decrease is attributable to decreases in headcount and compensation in conjunction with the decrease in iAPPS digital engagements services revenues. Cost of iAPPS digital engagement services as a percentage of iAPPS digital engagement revenue increased to 81% from 63%. The increase as a percentage of revenue is attributable to the decrease in services engagement revenues at a faster pace than employee workforce reductions in fiscal 2015, and some iAPPSds projects sold at a lower margin.

Cost of other digital engagement services for fiscal 2015 decreased $668 thousand to $492 thousand in fiscal 2015, a decrease of 58% when compared to fiscal 2014. The decrease is due to reducing costs in line with the non-iAPPS revenue decrease. The cost of other digital engagement services as a percentage of other digital engagement service revenue decreased to 28% in fiscal 2015 from 56% in fiscal 2014.

Cost of Subscription and Perpetual License

Cost of subscription and perpetual licenses increased $300 thousand or 18% to $2.0 million in fiscal 2015 compared to $1.7 million in fiscal 2014. The cost of subscription and perpetual licenses as a percentage of subscription and perpetual license revenue increased to 34% in fiscal 2015 from 29% in fiscal 2014. The increases are primarily due to fixed costs to support our network operations center.

Cost of Managed Service Hosting

Cost of managed service hosting increased $27 thousand or 10% in fiscal 2015 to $307 thousand compared to $280 thousand in fiscal 2014. The increase in the amount of managed service hosting costs is due to the continued investments in our co-managed network operation center to support our iAPPS perpetual based customers who host their licenses on our network. The cost of managed services as a percentage of managed services revenue increased to 20% in fiscal 2015 from 17% in fiscal 2014. The increase is attributable to fixed costs to support our network operations center.

Gross Profit

Gross profit decreased $3.3 million, or 29% in fiscal 2015 to $8.2 million compared to $11.5 million in fiscal 2014. The decrease is primarily attributable to the decrease in iAPPS related digital engagement service revenue.

Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $2.2 million, or 28% to $5.8 million in fiscal 2015 from $8.0 million in fiscal 2014. Sales and marketing expense as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 30% in fiscal 2015 compared to 34% in fiscal 2014. The decreases are primarily attributable to decreases in compensation related expenses, sales commissions and marketing expenses. We made a concerted effort to streamline expenses to better align with our revenues.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased $457 thousand, or 10% to $3.9 million in fiscal 2015 from $4.4 million in fiscal 2014. The decrease is attributable to decreases in compensation related and legal expenses. General and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue increased to 20% in fiscal 2015 compared to 19% in fiscal 2014. The increase is due to a decrease in revenue and fixed administrative costs required to support the revenue base.

Research and Development

Research and development expense decreased by $485 thousand, or 20% to $1.9 million in fiscal 2015 from $2.4 million in fiscal 2014. The decrease in fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014 is attributable to a decrease in compensation related costs. The decrease in headcount was due to attrition and not part of restructuring initiatives. In order to compensate for the headcount reduction in services, employees from our development group assisted the delivery team on certain projects to maintain production schedules and their costs were cross charged to cost of digital engagement services. Research and development expense as a percentage of total revenue was 10% for both periods.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $304 thousand, or 15% to $1.7 million in fiscal 2015 from $2.0 million in fiscal 2014. This decrease is primarily attributable to retirement of fixed assets in relation to a reduction of office space during fiscal 2015 and a reduction in capital expenditure purchases in fiscal 2015. Depreciation and amortization as a percentage of total revenue increased to 9% in fiscal 2015 from 8% in fiscal 2014.

Goodwill Impairment

For fiscal 2015, we performed the annual assessment of our goodwill and concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting unit were less than their carrying amounts. The Company determined that the most appropriate approach to use to determine the fair value of the reporting unit was the discounted cash flow method. A comparison to the implied fair value of goodwill to its carrying value resulted in an impairment charge of $10.5 million. We did not recognize an impairment loss in fiscal 2014.

Restructuring Expenses

During the second half of fiscal 2015, the Company’s management approved, committed to and initiated plans to restructure and further improve efficiencies by implementing cost reductions in line with the recent decrease in revenue. The Company renegotiated three offices leases and relocated to smaller space, while also negotiating sub-leases for the original space. In addition, the Company executed a general work-force reduction and recognized costs for severance and termination benefits. During the fourth quarter, the Company recorded a restructuring liability of $307 for the future contractual rental commitments for vacated office space and related costs, offset by estimated sub-lease income. These restructuring charges and accruals require estimates and assumptions, including contractual rental commitments or lease buy-outs for vacated office space and related costs, and estimated sub-lease income. The Company’s sub-lease assumptions include the rates to be charged to a sub-tenant and the timing of the sub-lease arrangement. All of the vacated lease space is currently contractually occupied by a new sub-tenant for the remaining life of the lease. These estimates and assumptions will be monitored on a quarterly basis for changes in circumstances with the corresponding adjustments reflected in the consolidated statement of operations. In total, a charge of $496 was recorded to restructuring expenses in the consolidated statement of operations for the total lease expenses less sub-lease rental income, other miscellaneous lease termination costs, loss on disposal of fixed assets, and costs for severance and termination benefits.

Loss from Operations

The loss from operations was ($16.1) million for fiscal 2015 compared to a loss from operations of ($5.2) million for fiscal 2014. The increase in loss from operations is a result of the goodwill impairment, restructuring charges, and the decrease in iAPPS related digital engagement services revenue.

Provision for Income Taxes

We recorded a net benefit for income tax expense of $226 thousand for fiscal 2015 compared to a provision for income tax of $243 thousand for fiscal 2014. The benefit was primarily attributable to the elimination of a naked tax credit related to deductible goodwill from previous acquisitions that was eliminated upon recording a $10.5 million goodwill impairment charge. Income tax expense represents the estimated liability for Federal, state and foreign income taxes owed by the Company, including the alternative minimum tax. This increase is due to deferred tax liabilities related to indefinite lived, tax deductible assets from two previous acquisitions. The Company has net operating loss carryforwards and other deferred tax benefits that are available to offset future taxable income. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Accordingly, the Company has established a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2015 and 2014.

The Federal net operating loss (NOL) carryforward of approximately $19.0 million as of September 30, 2015 expires on various dates through 2035. Internal Revenue Code Section 382 places a limitation on the amount of taxable income which can be offset by NOL carryforwards after a change in control of a loss corporation. Generally, after a change in control, a loss corporation cannot deduct NOL carryforwards in excess of the Section 382 Limitation. Due to these “change of ownership” provisions, utilization of NOL carryforwards may be subject to an annual limitation regarding their utilization against taxable income in future periods. The Company has not performed a Section 382 analysis. However, if performed, Section 382 may be found to limit potential future utilization of our NOL carryforwards.

Adjusted EBITDA

We also measure our performance based on a non-GAAP (“Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”) measurement of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization and before stock-based compensation expense, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, and restructuring charges (“Adjusted EBITDA”).

We believe this non-GAAP financial measure of Adjusted EBITDA is useful to management and investors in evaluating our operating performance for the periods presented and provides a tool for evaluating our ongoing operations. Adjusted EBITDA, however, is not a measure of operating performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative or substitute for GAAP profitability measures such as (i) income from operations and net income, or (ii) cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, both as determined in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA as an operating performance measure has material limitations since it excludes the financial statement impact of income taxes, net interest expense, amortization of intangibles, depreciation, goodwill impairment, restructuring charges, other amortization and stock-based compensation, and therefore does not represent an accurate measure of profitability. As a result, Adjusted EBITDA should be evaluated in conjunction with net income for a complete analysis of our profitability, as net income includes the financial statement impact of these items and is the most directly comparable GAAP operating performance measure to Adjusted EBITDA. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may also differ from and therefore may not be comparable with similarly titled measures used by other companies, thereby limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. Because of the limitations that Adjusted EBITDA has as an analytical tool, investors should not consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our operating results as reported under GAAP.

The following table reconciles net loss (which is the most directly comparable GAAP operating performance measure) to EBITDA, and EBITDA to Adjusted EBITDA:

Adjusted EBITDA was ($2.6) million for fiscal 2015 compared with ($2.2) million for fiscal 2014. This was primarily due to the decrease in iAPPS related digital engagement revenue compared to fiscal 2014.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

Operating Activities

Cash used in operating activities was $2.8 million for fiscal 2015, compared to cash used in operating activities of $3.8 million for fiscal 2014.  This decrease in cash used from operating activities is primarily attributable to increases in accounts payables and accrued liabilities.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $187 thousand for fiscal 2015 compared with $468 million for fiscal 2014. The decrease was primarily due to less purchases of capital equipment and software in fiscal 2015 than fiscal 2014.

Financing Activities

Cash provided by financing activities was $2.1 million for fiscal 2015 compared with $2.9 million for fiscal 2014. The decrease was due to the net payments made on bank term loans and our BridgeBank line of credit and contingent acquisition payments, offset by sales of common and preferred stock and proceeds of $2 million in term notes from a shareholder. At September 30, 2015, we had an outstanding balance under our credit line with BridgeBank of $2.7 million and a short term loan of $250 thousand paid in full in October 2015.

Capital Resources and Liquidity Outlook

In December 2013, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with BridgeBank (the “BridgeBank Loan Agreement”). The Loan Agreement has a current maturity date of September 30, 2016. The maturity date was extended in December 2015 to a maturity date of December 31, 2016.

The BridgeBank Loan Agreement provides for up to $5 million of revolving credit advances which may be used for acquisitions and working capital purposes. Borrowings are limited to the lesser of (i) $5 million and (ii) 80% of eligible receivables as defined. The Company can borrow up to $1.0 million in out of formula borrowings for specified periods of time.   Borrowings accrue interest at BridgeBank’s prime plus 5.00% (8.25%).  The Company pays an annual commitment fee of 0.25%. Borrowings are secured by all of the Company’s assets and all of the Company’s intellectual property. Mr. Michael Taglich, a member of the Board of Directors, signed an unconditional guaranty (the “Guaranty”) and promise to pay the Company’s lender, BridgeBank, N.A all indebtedness in an amount not to exceed $2 million in connection with the out of formula borrowings.

As of September 30, 2015, the Company had an outstanding balance under the BridgeBank Loan Agreement of $2.7 million and an outstanding short term loan with BridgeBank of $250 thousand which was repaid in October 2015.

During fiscal 2015, we issued four term notes (“the Notes”) to Mr. Michael Taglich totaling $2 million. The terms of the Notes provide that Bridgeline will pay interest at ranges between 7 and 8% per annum. The maturity dates of the notes range from due dates of June 30, 2016 to September 30, 2016. Subsequent to the end of the year, Bridgeline issued Term Notes (the “Notes”) to Mr. Michael Taglich and Mr. Robert Taglich to document a loan from each of them for $250 thousand. The terms of the Notes provide that Bridgeline will pay interest at a rate of 8% per annum and the Notes will mature on February 23, 2016. Subsequent to the close of fiscal 2015, each of the Notes were amended in December 2015. The amendments consisted of an increase of 1.5% interest per annum effective January 1, 2016, an extension of the maturity date to March 1, 2017, and a prepayment penalty of 2%.

On September 30, 2013, Bridgeline Digital entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with accredited investors pursuant to which Bridgeline Digital sold an aggregate of $2.0 million of 10% secured subordinated convertible notes (the "Notes"). The gross proceeds to Bridgeline Digital at the closing of this private placement were $2.0 million. The Notes accrue interest at a rate of ten percent (10%) per annum and mature on September 30, 2016. Interest on the Notes is payable quarterly in cash. On November 6, 2013, Bridgeline Digital entered into an amendment (the "Amendment") to the Purchase Agreement by and among Bridgeline Digital and the accredited investors’ party thereto. The Amendment increased the aggregate amount of 10% secured subordinated convertible notes (the "New Notes") able to be sold by Bridgeline Digital to $3.0 million. On November 6, 2013, Bridgeline Digital sold an additional $1.0 million of New Notes (the "Second Closing"). The gross proceeds to Bridgeline Digital at the Second Closing of this private placement were $1.0 million. The Notes accrue interest at a rate of ten percent (10%) per annum and mature on November 6, 2016. Interest on the Notes is payable quarterly in cash. The Notes are convertible at the election of the holder into shares of common stock of Bridgeline Digital at a conversion price equal to $6.50 per share at any time prior to the maturity date, provided that no holder may convert the Notes if such conversion would result in the holder beneficially owning more than 4.99% of the number of shares of Bridgeline Digital common stock outstanding at the time of conversion. Subsequent to the close of fiscal 2015, each of the Notes were amended in December 2015. The amendments consisted of an increase of 1.5% interest per annum effective January 1, 2016, an extension of the maturity date to March 1, 2017, and a prepayment penalty of 2%.

The Notes are secured by all of Bridgeline Digital's assets. The security interest granted to the holders of the Notes is subordinate to the security interest held by Bridgeline Digital's senior lender, BridgeBank. Bridgeline Digital may prepay any portion of the principal amount of the outstanding Notes at any time. Under certain circumstances Bridgeline Digital has the right to force conversion of the Notes into shares of Bridgeline Digital common stock in the event the Bridgeline Digital common stock trades in excess of $13.00 per share for 20 trading days out of any 30 trading day period.

We believe that cash generated from operations and proceeds from the bank line of credit will be sufficient to fund our working capital and capital expenditure needs in the foreseeable future. However, we currently have a borrowing facility with BridgeBank from which we can borrow, and this line is subject to financial covenants that must be met. It is not certain that all or part of this line will be available to us in the future; and other sources of financing may not be available to us in a timely basis if at all, or on terms acceptable to us. If we fail to obtain acceptable funding when needed, we may not have sufficient resources to fund our normal operations, and this would have a material adverse effect on our business.

Inflation

Inflationary increases can cause pressure on wages and the cost of benefits offered to employees.  We believe that the relatively moderate rates of inflation in recent years have not had a significant impact on our operations.  

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, financings or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons, other than our operating leases and contingent acquisition payments.

We currently do not have any variable interest entities. We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Therefore, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.

Contractual Obligations

We lease our facilities in the United States and India.  Other contractual obligations include: (i) certain equipment acquired under capitalized lease agreements; (ii) term notes payable to a shareholder (iii) contingent earnouts in the amount of $868 thousand payable in cash on the achievement of revenue and earnings targets; (iv) a short term bank loan of $250 thousand due in October 2015; and (v) subordinated convertible debt of $3.0 million due in 2016. 

The following summarizes our contractual obligations:

Critical Accounting Policies

These critical accounting policies and estimates by our management should be read in conjunction with Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the Consolidated Financial Statements that were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).

The preparation of financial statements in accordance US GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses in the reporting period. We regularly make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. The most significant estimates included in our financial statements are the valuation of accounts receivable and long-term assets, including intangibles, goodwill and deferred tax assets, stock-based compensation, amounts of revenue to be recognized on service contracts in progress, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenue. We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by us may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and the actual results, our future results of operations will be affected.

We consider the following accounting policies to be both those most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and those that require the most subjective judgment:

Revenue Recognition

Overview

We enter into arrangements to sell digital engagement services (professional services), software licenses or combinations thereof.  Revenue is categorized into (i) digital engagement services; (ii) managed service hosting; and (iii) subscriptions and perpetual licenses.

We recognize revenue as required by the Revenue Recognition Topic of the Codification.  Revenue is generally recognized when all of the following conditions are satisfied: (1) there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement; (2) delivery has occurred or the services have been provided to the customer; (3) the amount of fees to be paid by the customer is fixed or determinable; and (4) the collection of the fees is reasonably assured. Billings made or payments received in advance of providing services are deferred until the period these services are provided.

We maintain a reseller channel to supplement our direct sales force for our iAPPS platform.  Resellers are generally located in territories where we do not have a direct sales force.  Customers generally sign a license agreement directly with us. Revenue from perpetual licenses sold through resellers is recognized upon delivery to the end user as long as evidence of an arrangement exists, collectability is probable, and the fee is fixed and determinable. Revenue for subscription licenses is recognized monthly as the services are delivered.

Digital Engagement Services

Digital engagement services include professional services primarily related to the Company’s web development solutions that address specific customer needs such as digital strategy, information architecture and usability engineering, .Net development, rich media development, back end integration, search engine optimization, quality assurance and project management.

Digital engagement services are contracted for on either a fixed price or time and materials basis.  For its fixed price engagements, after assigning the relative selling price to the elements of the arrangement, the Company applies the proportional performance model (if not subject to contract accounting) to recognize revenue based on cost incurred in relation to total estimated cost at completion. The Company has determined that labor costs are the most appropriate measure to allocate revenue among reporting periods, as they are the primary input when providing application development services. Customers are invoiced monthly or upon the completion of milestones. For milestone based projects, since milestone pricing is based on expected hourly costs and the duration of such engagements is relatively short, this input approach principally mirrors an output approach under the proportional performance model for revenue recognition on such fixed priced engagements.  For time and materials contracts, revenues are recognized as the services are provided.  

Digital engagement services also include retained professional services contracted for on an “on call” basis or for a certain amount of hours each month. Such arrangements generally provide for a guaranteed availability of a number of professional services hours each month on a “use it or lose it” basis.   For retained professional services sold on a stand-alone basis we recognize revenue as the services are delivered or over the term of the contractual retainer period. These arrangements do not require formal customer acceptance and do not grant any future right to labor hours contracted for but not used.

Subscriptions and Perpetual Licenses

The Company licenses its software on either a perpetual or subscription basis. Customers who license the software on a perpetual basis receive rights to use the software for an indefinite time period and an option to purchase Post-Customer Support (“PCS”).  For arrangements that consist of a perpetual license and PCS, as long as Vendor Specific Objective Evidence (“VSOE”) exists for the PCS, then PCS revenue is recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the period of performance and the perpetual license is recognized on a residual basis.  Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements are deferred and the remaining portion of the arrangement fee is allocated to the delivered elements and recognized as revenue, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria have been met.  

Customers may also license the software on a subscription basis, which can be described as “Software as a Service” or “SaaS”.  SaaS is a model of software deployment where an application is hosted as a service provided to customers across the Internet.  Subscription agreements include access to the Company’s software application via an internet connection, the related hosting of the application, and PCS.  Customers receive automatic updates and upgrades, and new releases of the products as soon as they become available. Customers cannot take possession of the software.  Subscription agreements are either annual or month-to-month arrangements that provide for termination for convenience by either party upon 90 days’ notice.  Revenue is recognized monthly as the services are delivered.  Set up fees paid by customers in connection with subscription services are deferred and recognized ratably over the longer of the life of subscription period or the expected lives of customer relationships. We continue to evaluate the length of the amortization period of the set up fees as we gain more experience with customer contract renewals.  

Managed Service Hosting

Managed service hosting includes hosting arrangements that provide for the use of certain hardware and infrastructure for those customers who do not wish to host our applications independently.  Hosting agreements are either annual or month-to-month arrangements that provide for termination for convenience by either party generally upon 30-days’ notice.  Revenue is recognized monthly as the hosting services are delivered.   Set up fees paid by customers in connection with managed hosting services are deferred and recognized ratably over the longer of the life of the hosting period or the expected lives of customer relationships. We continue to evaluate the length of the amortization period of the set up fees as we gain more experience with customer contract renewals.

Multiple Element Arrangements 

 In accounting for multiple element arrangements, we follow either ASC Topic 605-985 Revenue Recognition Software or ASC Topic 605-25 Revenue Recognition Multiple Element Arrangements, as applicable.

In October 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-13, Revenue Recognition: Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements (“ASU 2009-13”). ASU 2009-13 provides amendments to certain paragraphs of previously issued ASC Subtopic 605-25 – Revenue Recognition: Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements. In accordance with ASU 2009-13, each deliverable within a multiple-deliverable revenue arrangement is accounted for as a separate unit of accounting if both of the following criteria are met (1) the delivered item has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (2) for an arrangement that includes a right of return relative to the delivered item, delivery or performance of the delivered item is considered probable and within our control. If the deliverables do not meet the criteria for being a separate unit of accounting then they are combined with a deliverable that does meet that criterion. The accounting guidance also requires that arrangement consideration be allocated at the inception of an arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method. The accounting guidance also establishes a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable. We determine selling price using VSOE, if it exists; otherwise, we use Third-party Evidence (“TPE”). If neither VSOE nor TPE of selling price exists for a unit of accounting, we use Estimated Selling Price (“ESP”).

VSOE is generally limited to the price at which we sell the element in a separate stand-alone transaction. TPE is determined based on the prices charged by our competitors for a similar deliverable when sold separately. It is difficult for us to obtain sufficient information on competitor pricing, so we may not be able to substantiate TPE. If we cannot establish selling price based on VSOE or TPE then we will use ESP. ESP is derived by considering the selling price for similar services and our ongoing pricing strategies. The selling prices used in our allocations of arrangement consideration are analyzed at minimum on an annual basis and more frequently if our business necessitates a more timely review. We have determined that we have VSOE on our SaaS offerings, certain application development services, managed hosting services, and PCS because we have evidence of these elements sold on a stand-alone basis.

When the Company licenses its software on a perpetual basis in a multiple element arrangement that arrangement typically includes PCS and application development services, we follow the guidance of ASC Topic 605-985.  In assessing the hierarchy of relative selling price for PCS, we have determined that VSOE is established for PCS. VSOE for PCS is based on the price of PCS when sold separately, which has been established via annual renewal rates. Similarly, when the Company licenses its software on a perpetual basis in a multiple element arrangement that also includes managed service hosting (“hosting”), we have determined that VSOE is established for hosting based on the price of the hosting when sold separately, which has been established based on renewal rates of the hosting contract.  Revenue recognition for perpetual licenses sold with application development services are considered on a case by case basis.  The Company has not established VSOE for perpetual licenses or fixed price development services and therefore in accordance with ASC Topic 605-985, when perpetual licenses are sold in multiple element arrangements including application development services where VSOE for the services has not been established, the license revenue is deferred and recognized using contract accounting. The Company has determined that services are not essential to the functionality of the software and it has the ability to make estimates necessary to apply proportional performance model. In those cases where perpetual licenses are sold in a multiple element arrangement that includes application development services where VSOE for the services has been established, the license revenue is recognized under the residual method and the application services are recognized upon delivery.  

In determining VSOE for the digital engagement services element, the separability of the services from the software license and the value of the services when sold on a standalone basis are considered.  The Company also considers the categorization of the services, the timing of when the services contract was signed in relation to the signing of the perpetual license contract and delivery of the software, and whether the services can be performed by others.  The Company has concluded that its application development services are not required for the customer to use the product but, rather enhance the benefits that the software can bring to the customer.  In addition, the services provided do not result in significant customization or modification of the software and are not essential to its functionality, and can also be performed by the customer or a third party.  If an application development services arrangement does qualify for separate accounting, the Company recognizes the perpetual license on a residual basis.  If an application development services arrangement does not qualify for separate accounting, the Company recognizes the perpetual license under the proportional performance model as described above.

When subscription arrangements are sold with application development services, the Company uses its judgment as to whether the application development services qualify as a separate unit of accounting. When subscription service arrangements involve multiple elements that qualify as separate units of accounting, the Company allocates arrangement consideration in multiple-deliverable arrangements at the inception of an arrangement to all deliverables based on the relative selling price model in accordance with the selling price hierarchy, which includes: (i) VSOE when available; (ii) TPE if VSOE is not available; and (iii) ESP if neither VSOE or TPE is available. For those subscription arrangements sold with multiple elements whereby the application development services do not qualify as a separate unit of accounting, the application services revenue is recognized ratably over the subscription period. Subscriptions also include a PCS component, and the Company has determined that the two elements cannot be separated and must be recognized as one unit over the applicable service period. Set up fees paid by customers in connection with subscription arrangements are deferred and recognized ratably over the longer of the life of the hosting period or the expected lives of customer relationships, which generally range from two to three years. We continue to evaluate the length of the amortization period of the set up fees as we gain more experience with customer contract renewals and our newer product offerings.

Customer Payment Terms

Payment terms with customers typically require payment 30 days from invoice date. Payment terms may vary by customer but generally do not exceed 45 days from invoice date.  Invoicing for digital engagement services are either monthly or upon achievement of milestones and payment terms for such billings are within the standard terms described above. Invoicing for subscriptions and hosting are typically issued monthly and are generally due in the month of service. The Company’s subscription and hosting agreements provide for refunds when service is interrupted for an extended period of time and are reserved for in the month in which they occur if necessary.

Our digital engagement services agreements with customers do not provide for any refunds for services or products and therefore no specific reserve for such is maintained. In the infrequent instances where customers raise a concern over delivered products or services, we have endeavored to remedy the concern and all costs related to such matters have been insignificant in all periods presented.

Warranty

Certain arrangements include a warranty period, which is generally 30 days from the completion of work. In hosting arrangements, we provide warranties of up-time reliability. We continue to monitor the conditions that are subject to the warranties to identify if a warranty claim may arise. If we determine that a warranty claim is probable, then any related cost to satisfy the warranty obligation is estimated and accrued. Warranty claims to date have been immaterial.

Reimbursable Expenses

In connection with certain arrangements, reimbursable expenses are incurred and billed to customers and such amounts are recognized as both revenue and cost of revenue.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts which represents estimated losses resulting from the inability, failure or refusal of our clients to make required payments.

We analyze historical percentages of uncollectible accounts and changes in payment history when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. We use an internal collection effort, which may include our sales and services groups as we deem appropriate. Although we believe that our allowances are adequate, if the financial condition of our clients deteriorates, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, or if we underestimate the allowances required, additional allowances may be necessary, resulting in increased expense in the period in which such determination is made.

Accounting for Cost of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed   

We charge research and development expenditures for technology development to operations as incurred.  However, in accordance with Codification 985-20 Costs of Software to be Sold Leased or Otherwise Marketed, we capitalize certain software development costs subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility.  Based on our product development process, technological feasibility is established upon completion of a working model. Certain costs incurred between completion of a working model and the point at which the product is ready for general release is capitalized if significant. Once the product is available for general release, the capitalized costs are amortized in cost of sales.

Accounting for Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of every year and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.  In assessing goodwill for impairment, an entity has the option to assess qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances indicate that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. We assess goodwill at the consolidated level as one reporting unit. If this is the case, then performing the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test is unnecessary. An entity can choose not to perform a qualitative assessment for any or all of its reporting units, and proceed directly to the use of the two-step impairment test. In assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we assess relevant events and circumstances that may impact the fair value and the carrying amount of a reporting unit. The identification of relevant events and circumstances and how these may impact a reporting unit’s fair value or carrying amount involve significant judgments by management. These judgments include the consideration of macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, events which are specific to Bridgeline, and trends in the market price of our common stock. Each factor is assessed to determine whether it impacts the impairment test positively or negatively, and the magnitude of any such impact.

For fiscal 2015, we performed the annual assessment of our goodwill during the fourth quarter of 2015, using the qualitative approach described above. Based on our qualitative assessment, we concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were less than their carrying amounts, and therefore we believed it was necessary to perform the quantitative two-step impairment test. There were numerous positive qualitative factors discovered during our analysis, but the instability of the market price of our common stock and the decline in revenues were a material adverse factor that led us to believe that we should progress to the second step of the impairment testing. In estimating fair value, we performed a discounted cash flow analysis on the reporting unit to determine fair value. The inputs to the discounted cash flow model are considered level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The impairment test indicated that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit was less than its corresponding carrying amount. As a result of the analyses performed, we recorded goodwill impairment charges of $10.5 million in 2015. There were no impairment charges in 2014.

For fiscal 2014, we performed the annual assessment of our goodwill during the fourth quarter of 2014, using the qualitative approach described above. Based on our qualitative assessment, we concluded that it was not more likely than not that the fair values of any of our reporting units were less than their carrying amounts, and therefore it was not necessary to perform the quantitative two-step impairment test. The key qualitative factors that led to our conclusion included the following: (i) Positive access to capital with two recent stock offerings totaling $5 million in capital; (ii) Positive market acceptance of our multi-unit products; and (iii) Fair market value of Company is in excess of book value.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

At September 30, 2015, we maintained one stock-based compensation plan more fully described in Note 12.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards in accordance with the Compensation-Stock Topic of the Codification.  Share-based payments (to the extent they are compensatory) are recognized in our consolidated statements of operations based on their fair values. 

We recognize stock-based compensation expense for share-based payments issued or assumed after October 1, 2006 that are expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award, which is generally three years.  We recognize the fair value of the unvested portion of share-based payments granted prior to October 1, 2006 over the remaining service period, net of estimated forfeitures.  In determining whether an award is expected to vest, we use an estimated, forward-looking forfeiture rate based upon our historical forfeiture rate and reduce the expense over the recognition period. Estimated forfeiture rates are updated for actual forfeitures quarterly.  We also consider, each quarter, whether there have been any significant changes in facts and circumstances that would affect our forfeiture rate.  Although we estimate forfeitures based on historical experience, actual forfeitures in the future may differ.  In addition, to the extent our actual forfeitures are different than our estimates, we record a true-up for the difference in the period that the awards vest, and such true-ups could materially affect our operating results.

We estimate the fair value of employee stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model.  The fair value of an award is affected by our stock price on the date of grant as well as other assumptions including the estimated volatility of our stock price over the term of the awards and the estimated period of time that we expect employees to hold their stock options.  The risk-free interest rate assumption we use is based upon United States treasury interest rates appropriate for the expected life of the awards.  We use the historical volatility of our publicly traded options in order to estimate future stock price trends.  In order to determine the estimated period of time that we expect employees to hold their stock options, we use historical trends of employee turnovers.  Our expected dividend rate is zero since we do not currently pay cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future. The aforementioned inputs entered into the option valuation model we use to fair value our stock awards are subjective estimates and changes to these estimates will cause the fair value of our stock awards and related stock-based compensation expense we record to vary.

We record deferred tax assets for stock-based awards that result in deductions on our income tax returns, based on the amount of stock-based compensation recognized and the statutory tax rate in the jurisdiction in which we will receive a tax deduction.   

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not required. 

Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors of

Bridgeline Digital, Inc.:

Burlington, MA

We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Bridgeline Digital, Inc., and subsidiary (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. as of September 30, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ Marcum LLP

Marcum LLP

December 23, 2015

Boston, Massachusetts

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands, except share data) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Dollars in thousands) 

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(In thousands)

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in thousands) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)